下面小编给大家整理kernel是什么意思，本文共9篇，希望大家喜欢！
篇1：kernel是什么意思
Our traditional product, waxberry is sold well in the international market with the sweet and small kernel.
我们的.传统产品杨梅果仁小而甜，畅销国际市场。
Some chimpanzees, for example, are known to bang nuts on stones, in order to break the shell and get at the edible kernel inside.
例如，人们知道有些黑猩猩会把坚果砸到石头上，以便敲开坚果壳，吃到里面的的果仁。
Nutmeg is the kernel of the fruit of the Myristica fragrans.
肉豆蔻是肉豆蔻果实的核心。
Yet kernel of the idea is right.
但是核心的想法是正确的。
篇2：walnut kernel是什么意思
Progress of research on the chemical components and pharmaceutical action of walnut kernel
核桃仁的`成分与药理研究进展
Study on Carbonyl Value 、 Acid Value and Peroxide Value Methods of Walnut Kernel
核桃仁的羰基值、酸值和过氧化值方法研究
Development and nutritive value analysis of the active soybean walnut kernel baby paste
活性黄豆核桃仁婴幼儿即食糊的研制及营养价值分析
Effect of the Different Storage Conditions on the Anti-oxidation Substance in Walnut Kernel
不同贮藏条件对核桃仁自身抗氧化物质的影响
篇3：INTEGRAL COLLISION KERNEL FOR THE GR
INTEGRAL COLLISION KERNEL FOR THE GROWTH OF AEROSOL PARTICLES
Integral collision kernel is elucidated using experimental results for titania, silica and alumina nanoparticles synthesized by FCVD process, and titania submicron particles synthesized in a tube furnace reactor. The integral collision kernel was obtained from a particle number balance equation by the integration of collision rates from the kinetic theory of dilute gases for the free-molecule regime, from the Smoluchowski theory for the continuum regime, and by a semi-empirical interpolation for the transition regime between the two limiting regimes. Comparisons have been made on particle size and the integral collision kernel, showing that the predicted integral collision kernel agreed well with the experimental results in Knudsen number range from about 1.5 to 20.
作 者：Hongyong Xie 作者单位：Center for Nanomaterials and Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, P. R. China 刊 名：中国颗粒学报（英文版） ISTIC SCI英文刊名：CHINESE PARTICUOLOGY 年，卷(期)： 3(4) 分类号：O6 关键词：coagulation integral collision kernel nano and submicron particles aerosol process篇4：Linux Kernel locksremoveflock漏洞
受影响系统：
Linux kernel 2.6.x
不受影响系统：
Linux kernel 2.6.25.6
描述：
BUGTRAQ ID: 33237
CVE(CAN) ID: CVE--4307
Linux Kernel是开放源码操作系统Linux所使用的内核，
RHEL4/5内核处理POSIX锁定时fcntl调用可能与关闭相同文件描述符出现竞争，本地攻击者可以利用这个漏洞导致拒绝服务或获得权限提升。
fcntl以如下方式获得POSIX锁定：
sys_fcntl
fget()
do_fcntl()
fcntl_setlk()
fput()
if(!count) __fput()
locks_remove_flock()
fcntl_setlk()调用可能阻塞很长时间，允许同一进程中的其他线程关闭文件描述符：
sys_close()
filp_close()
locks_remove_posix()
fput()
if(!count) __fput()
locks_remove_flock()
如果其中一个线程仍在fcntl_setlk中阻断期间但在许可锁定之前(在将file_lock结构放置到inode的i_lock列表之前)从另一个线程关闭了文件描述符，关闭路径中的locks_remove_posix调用就会错过POSIX锁定。此时还无法调用locks_remove_flock，因为fcntl_setlk中线程仍持有对文件的引用。
当__fput调用locks_remove_flock时，sys_fcntl返回路径的最终fput可以触发漏洞：
/*
* This function is called on the last close of an open file.
*/
void locks_remove_flock(struct file *filp)
{
[...]
while ((fl = *before) != NULL) {
if (fl->fl_file == filp) {
if (IS_FLOCK(fl)) {
locks_delete_lock(before);
continue;
}
if (IS_LEASE(fl)) {
lease_modify(before, F_UNLCK);
continue;
}
if (IS_POSIX(fl))
continue;
/* What? */
BUG(); <----
}
before = &fl->fl_next;
}
unlock_kernel();
}
<*来源：Eugene Teo (eugeneteo@eugeneteo.net)
链接：bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?format=multiple&id=456282 *>
厂商补丁：
目前厂商已经发布了升级补丁以修复这个安全问题，请到厂商的主页下载：
www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/snapshots/old/patch-2.6.25-git6.log
篇5：Linux Kernel畸形ULE拒绝服务漏洞
受影响系统：
Linux kernel 2.6.x <= 2.6.17.7
不受影响系统：
Linux kernel 2.6.17.8
描述：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUGTRAQ ID: 19939
CVE(CAN) ID: CVE--4623
Linux Kernel是开放源码操作系统Linux所使用的内核，
Linux Kernel畸形ULE拒绝服务漏洞
，
Linux的ULE（单向轻型封装RFC 4326）拆封代码存在一个漏洞，远程攻击者可能利用此漏洞对接收处理的服务器造成拒绝服务攻击。
攻击者可以通过发送SNDU长度为0的ULE报文导致漏洞的触发。
建议：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
厂商补丁：
Linux
-----
目前厂商已经发布了升级补丁以修复这个安全问题，请到厂商的主页下载：
www.kernel.org/
篇6：删除ubuntu中旧的kernel
#!/bin/bash
dpkg --get-selections |
grep 'linux-image*' |
awk '{print $1}' |
egrep -v “linux-image-$(uname -r)|linux-image-generic” |
while read n
do
apt-get -y remove $n
done
篇7：port linux 2.6.11.7 kernel to s3c2410(SMDK2410)Linux
1 preparation my board is s3c2410 SMDK2410 adownload kernel www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.11.7.tar.gz decompress and no patch is needed binstall the gcc compiler ftp://ftp.handhelds.org/projects/toolchain/arm-linux-g
1 preparationmy board is s3c2410 SMDK2410
a>download kernel
www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.11.7.tar.gz
decompress and no patch is needed
b>install the gcc compiler
ftp://ftp.handhelds.org/projects/toolchain/arm-linux-gcc-3.4.1.tar.bz2
2 modify kernel source
a>add your nand flash partition information
modify the arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/devs.c file
for example:
/***********add here*************/
#include
#include
#include
/***********end add*************/
...
/*****************************add here***************************/
static struct mtd_partition partition_info[] ={
{
name: “loader”,
size: 0x0000,
offset: 0,
}, {
name: “param”,
size: 0x00010000,
offset: 0x00020000,
}, {
name: “kernel”,
size: 0x001c0000,
offset: 0x00030000,
}, {
name: “root”,
size: 0x00200000,
offset: 0x00200000,
mask_flags: MTD_WRITEABLE,
}, {
name: “user”,
size: 0x03af8000,
offset: 0x00400000,
}
};
struct s3c2410_nand_set nandset ={
nr_partitions: 5 ,
partitions: partition_info ,
};
struct s3c2410_platform_nand superlpplatform={
tacls:0,
twrph0:30,
twrph1:0,
sets: &nandset,
nr_sets: 1,
};
/********************************end add****************************/
struct platform_device s3c_device_nand = {
.name = “s3c2410-nand”,
.id = 0xec,
.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_nand_resource),
.resource = s3c_nand_resource,
.dev = {
.platform_data = &superlpplatform. //***********add here*****
}
};
/>/>b>add “&s3c_device_nand” to the __initdata in the arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/mach-smdk2410.c
c>disable the ecc
modify the drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c
for example:
/**** chip->eccmode = NAND_ECC_SOFT; **/
chip->eccmode = NAND_ECC_NONE;
3 config the kernel
a>modify the MakeFile
for example:
##SUBARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed -e s/i.86/i386/ -e s/sun4u/sparc64/
## -e s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/
## -e s/s390x/s390/ -e s/parisc64/parisc/ )
SUBARCH :=arm
##CROSS_COMPILE ?=
CROSS_COMPILE ?=/toolchain/bin/arm-linux- ##according to your situation
b>make menuconfig....
the following is my configuration
#
# Automatically generated make config: don't edit
# Linux kernel version: 2.6.11.7
# Mon May 2 14:26:10
#
CONFIG_ARM=y
CONFIG_MMU=y
CONFIG_UID16=y
CONFIG_RWSEM_GENERIC_SPINLOCK=y
CONFIG_GENERIC_CALIBRATE_DELAY=y
CONFIG_GENERIC_IOMAP=y
#
# Code maturity level options
#
CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL=y
CONFIG_CLEAN_COMPILE=y
CONFIG_BROKEN_ON_SMP=y
#
# General setup
#
CONFIG_LOCALVERSION=“”
# CONFIG_SWAP is not set
CONFIG_SYSVIPC=y
# CONFIG_BSD_PROCESS_ACCT is not set
CONFIG_SYSCTL=y
# CONFIG_AUDIT is not set
CONFIG_LOG_BUF_SHIFT=14
# CONFIG_HOTPLUG is not set
# CONFIG_IKCONFIG is not set
# CONFIG_EMBEDDED is not set
CONFIG_KALLSYMS=y
# CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL is not set
# CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS is not set
CONFIG_FUTEX=y
CONFIG_EPOLL=y
CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE=y
CONFIG_SHMEM=y
CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_FUNCTIONS=0
CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_LABELS=0
CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_LOOPS=0
CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_JUMPS=0
# CONFIG_TINY_SHMEM is not set
#
# Loadable module support
#
CONFIG_MODULES=y
# CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD is not set
CONFIG_OBSOLETE_MODPARM=y
# CONFIG_MODVERSIONS is not set
# CONFIG_MODULE_SRCVERSION_ALL is not set
CONFIG_KMOD=y
#
# System Type
#
# CONFIG_ARCH_CLPS7500 is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_CLPS711X is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_CO285 is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_EBSA110 is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_CAMELOT is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_FOOTBRIDGE is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_INTEGRATOR is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_IOP3XX is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_IXP4XX is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_IXP2000 is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_L7200 is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_PXA is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_RPC is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_SA1100 is not set
CONFIG_ARCH_S3C2410=y
# CONFIG_ARCH_SHARK is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_LH7A40X is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_OMAP is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_VERSATILE is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_IMX is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_H720X is not set
#
# S3C24XX Implementations
#
# CONFIG_ARCH_BAST is not set
# CONFIG_ARCH_H1940 is not set
CONFIG_ARCH_SMDK2410=y
# CONFIG_MACH_VR1000 is not set
# CONFIG_MACH_RX3715 is not set
CONFIG_CPU_S3C2410=y
#
# S3C2410 Setup
#
# CONFIG_S3C2410_DMA is not set
CONFIG_S3C2410_LOWLEVEL_UART_PORT=0
#
# Processor Type
#
CONFIG_CPU_32=y
CONFIG_CPU_ARM920T=y
CONFIG_CPU_32v4=y
CONFIG_CPU_ABRT_EV4T=y
CONFIG_CPU_CACHE_V4WT=y
CONFIG_CPU_CACHE_VIVT=y
CONFIG_CPU_COPY_V4WB=y
CONFIG_CPU_TLB_V4WBI=y
#
# Processor Features
#
CONFIG_ARM_THUMB=y
# CONFIG_CPU_ICACHE_DISABLE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_DISABLE is not set
# CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_WRITETHROUGH is not set
#
# General setup
#
CONFIG_ZBOOT_ROM_TEXT=0
CONFIG_ZBOOT_ROM_BSS=0
# CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL is not set
#
# PCCARD (PCMCIA/CardBus) support
#
# CONFIG_PCCARD is not set
#
# PC-card bridges
#
#
# At least one math emulation must be selected
#
CONFIG_FPE_NWFPE=y
# CONFIG_FPE_NWFPE_XP is not set
# CONFIG_FPE_FASTFPE is not set
CONFIG_BINFMT_ELF=y
CONFIG_BINFMT_AOUT=y
CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC=y
#
# Generic Driver Options
#
CONFIG_STANDALONE=y
CONFIG_PREVENT_FIRMWARE_BUILD=y
# CONFIG_FW_LOADER is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_DRIVER is not set
# CONFIG_PM is not set
# CONFIG_PREEMPT is not set
# CONFIG_ARTHUR is not set
CONFIG_CMDLINE=“”
CONFIG_ALIGNMENT_TRAP=y
#
# Parallel port support
#
# CONFIG_PARPORT is not set
#
# Memory Technology Devices (MTD)
#
CONFIG_MTD=y
# CONFIG_MTD_DEBUG is not set
CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS=y
# CONFIG_MTD_CONCAT is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_REDBOOT_PARTS is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_CMDLINE_PARTS is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_AFS_PARTS is not set
#
# User Modules And Translation Layers
#
CONFIG_MTD_CHAR=y
CONFIG_MTD_BLOCK=y
# CONFIG_FTL is not set
CONFIG_NFTL=y
# CONFIG_NFTL_RW is not set
# CONFIG_INFTL is not set
#
# RAM/ROM/Flash chip drivers
#
# CONFIG_MTD_CFI is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_JEDECPROBE is not set
CONFIG_MTD_MAP_BANK_WIDTH_1=y
CONFIG_MTD_MAP_BANK_WIDTH_2=y
CONFIG_MTD_MAP_BANK_WIDTH_4=y
# CONFIG_MTD_MAP_BANK_WIDTH_8 is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_MAP_BANK_WIDTH_16 is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_MAP_BANK_WIDTH_32 is not set
CONFIG_MTD_CFI_I1=y
CONFIG_MTD_CFI_I2=y
# CONFIG_MTD_CFI_I4 is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_CFI_I8 is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_RAM is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_ROM is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_ABSENT is not set
#
# Mapping drivers for chip access
#
# CONFIG_MTD_COMPLEX_MAPPINGS is not set
#
# Self-contained MTD device drivers
#
# CONFIG_MTD_SLRAM is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_PHRAM is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_MTDRAM is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_BLKMTD is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_BLOCK2MTD is not set
#
# Disk-On-Chip Device Drivers
#
# CONFIG_MTD_DOC2000 is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_DOC is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_DOC2001PLUS is not set
#
# NAND Flash Device Drivers
#
CONFIG_MTD_NAND=y
# CONFIG_MTD_NAND_VERIFY_WRITE is not set
CONFIG_MTD_NAND_IDS=y
CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C2410=y
# CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C2410_DEBUG is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C2410_HWECC is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_NAND_DISKONCHIP is not set
# CONFIG_MTD_NAND_NANDSIM is not set
#
# Plug and Play support
#
#
# Block devices
#
# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FD is not set
# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_COW_COMMON is not set
# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_LOOP is not set
# CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM is not set
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM_COUNT=16
CONFIG_INITRAMFS_SOURCE=“”
# CONFIG_CDROM_PKTCDVD is not set
#
# IO Schedulers
#
CONFIG_IOSCHED_NOOP=y
# CONFIG_IOSCHED_AS is not set
# CONFIG_IOSCHED_DEADLINE is not set
# CONFIG_IOSCHED_CFQ is not set
#
# Multi-device support (RAID and LVM)
#
# CONFIG_MD is not set
#
# Networking support
#
# CONFIG_NET is not set
# CONFIG_NETPOLL is not set
# CONFIG_NET_POLL_CONTROLLER is not set
#
# ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL support
#
# CONFIG_IDE is not set
#
# SCSI device support
#
# CONFIG_SCSI is not set
#
# Fusion MPT device support
#
#
# IEEE 1394 (FireWire) support
#
#
# I2O device support
#
#
# ISDN subsystem
#
#
# Input device support
#
CONFIG_INPUT=y
#
# Userland interfaces
#
CONFIG_INPUT_MOUSEDEV=y
# CONFIG_INPUT_MOUSEDEV_PSAUX is not set
CONFIG_INPUT_MOUSEDEV_SCREEN_X=1024
CONFIG_INPUT_MOUSEDEV_SCREEN_Y=768
# CONFIG_INPUT_JOYDEV is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_TSDEV is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_EVBUG is not set
#
# Input I/O drivers
#
# CONFIG_GAMEPORT is not set
CONFIG_SOUND_GAMEPORT=y
# CONFIG_SERIO is not set
#
# Input Device Drivers
#
# CONFIG_INPUT_KEYBOARD is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_MOUSE is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_JOYSTICK is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_TOUCHSCREEN is not set
# CONFIG_INPUT_MISC is not set
#
# Character devices
#
CONFIG_VT=y
CONFIG_VT_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_HW_CONSOLE=y
# CONFIG_SERIAL_NONSTANDARD is not set
#
# Serial drivers
#
# CONFIG_SERIAL_8250 is not set
#
# Non-8250 serial port support
#
CONFIG_SERIAL_S3C2410=y
CONFIG_SERIAL_S3C2410_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_SERIAL_CORE=y
CONFIG_SERIAL_CORE_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_UNIX98_PTYS=y
# CONFIG_LEGACY_PTYS is not set
#
# IPMI
#
# CONFIG_IPMI_HANDLER is not set
#
# Watchdog Cards
#
# CONFIG_WATCHDOG is not set
# CONFIG_NVRAM is not set
# CONFIG_RTC is not set
# CONFIG_S3C2410_RTC is not set
# CONFIG_DTLK is not set
# CONFIG_R3964 is not set
#
# Ftape, the floppy tape device driver
#
# CONFIG_DRM is not set
# CONFIG_RAW_DRIVER is not set
#
# I2C support
#
# CONFIG_I2C is not set
#
# Multimedia devices
#
# CONFIG_VIDEO_DEV is not set
#
# Digital Video Broadcasting Devices
#
#
# File systems
#
# CONFIG_EXT2_FS is not set
# CONFIG_EXT3_FS is not set
# CONFIG_JBD is not set
# CONFIG_REISERFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_JFS_FS is not set
#
# XFS support
#
# CONFIG_XFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_MINIX_FS is not set
# CONFIG_ROMFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_QUOTA is not set
CONFIG_DNOTIFY=y
# CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS is not set
#
# CD-ROM/DVD Filesystems
#
# CONFIG_ISO9660_FS is not set
# CONFIG_UDF_FS is not set
#
# DOS/FAT/NT Filesystems
#
# CONFIG_MSDOS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_VFAT_FS is not set
# CONFIG_NTFS_FS is not set
#
# Pseudo filesystems
#
CONFIG_PROC_FS=y
CONFIG_SYSFS=y
CONFIG_DEVFS_FS=y
CONFIG_DEVFS_MOUNT=y
# CONFIG_DEVFS_DEBUG is not set
# CONFIG_DEVPTS_FS_XATTR is not set
# CONFIG_TMPFS is not set
# CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE is not set
CONFIG_RAMFS=y
#
# Miscellaneous filesystems
#
# CONFIG_ADFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_AFFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_HFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_HFSPLUS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_BEFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_BFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_EFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_JFFS_FS is not set
CONFIG_JFFS2_FS=y
CONFIG_JFFS2_FS_DEBUG=0
CONFIG_JFFS2_FS_NAND=y
# CONFIG_JFFS2_FS_NOR_ECC is not set
# CONFIG_JFFS2_COMPRESSION_OPTIONS is not set
CONFIG_JFFS2_ZLIB=y
CONFIG_JFFS2_RTIME=y
# CONFIG_JFFS2_RUBIN is not set
CONFIG_CRAMFS=y
# CONFIG_VXFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_HPFS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_QNX4FS_FS is not set
# CONFIG_SYSV_FS is not set
# CONFIG_UFS_FS is not set
#
# Partition Types
#
# CONFIG_PARTITION_ADVANCED is not set
CONFIG_MSDOS_PARTITION=y
#
# Native Language Support
#
# CONFIG_NLS is not set
#
# Profiling support
#
# CONFIG_PROFILING is not set
#
# Graphics support
#
# CONFIG_FB is not set
#
# Console display driver support
#
# CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE is not set
CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE=y
#
# Sound
#
# CONFIG_SOUND is not set
#
# Misc devices
#
#
# USB support
#
# CONFIG_USB is not set
CONFIG_USB_ARCH_HAS_HCD=y
# CONFIG_USB_ARCH_HAS_OHCI is not set
#
# NOTE: USB_STORAGE enables SCSI, and 'SCSI disk support' may also be needed; see USB_STORAGE Help for more information
#
#
# USB Gadget Support
#
# CONFIG_USB_GADGET is not set
#
# MMC/SD Card support
#
# CONFIG_MMC is not set
#
# Kernel hacking
#
CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL=y
# CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ is not set
# CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT is not set
CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE=y
# CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_FS is not set
CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=y
# CONFIG_DEBUG_USER is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_WAITQ is not set
# CONFIG_DEBUG_ERRORS is not set
CONFIG_DEBUG_LL=y
# CONFIG_DEBUG_ICEDCC is not set
CONFIG_DEBUG_S3C2410_PORT=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_S3C2410_UART=0
#
# Security options
#
# CONFIG_KEYS is not set
# CONFIG_SECURITY is not set
#
# Cryptographic options
#
# CONFIG_CRYPTO is not set
#
# Hardware crypto devices
#
#
# Library routines
#
# CONFIG_CRC_CCITT is not set
CONFIG_CRC32=y
# CONFIG_LIBCRC32C is not set
CONFIG_ZLIB_INFLATE=y
CONFIG_ZLIB_DEFLATE=y
4 compile kernel
make
5 set linux command line
for example: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 mac=00:0e:3a:aa:bb:cc
6 result
the result is as follows:
Uncompressing Linux........................................ done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.11.7 (root@localhost.localdomain) (gcc version 3.4.1) #7 Mon May 2 14:21:51 CST 2005
CPU: ARM920Tid(wb) [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T)
CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache
CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
Machine: SMDK2410
ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)
S3C2410: core 200.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz
S3C2410 Clock control, (c) Simtec Electronics
Built 1 zonelists
Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 mac=00:0e:3a:aa:bb:cc
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
PID hash table entries: 512 (order: 9, 8192 bytes)
timer tcon=00000000, tcnt a2c1, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001eb8
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Memory: 64MB = 64MB total
Memory: 63520KB available (961K code, 238K data, 56K init)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
Linux NoNET1.0 for Linux 2.6
S3C2410: Initialising architecture
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
devfs: 2004-01-31 Richard Gooch (rgooch@atnf.csiro.au)
devfs: boot_options: 0x1
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) (C) 2001- Red Hat, Inc.
s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2410
s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2410
s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2410
io scheduler noop registered
NFTL driver: nftlcore.c $Revision: 1.97 $, nftlmount.c $Revision: 1.40 $
S3C2410 NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-nand: mapped registers at c4880000
s3c2410-nand: timing: Tacls 10ns, Twrph0 40ns, Twrph1 10ns
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x76 (Samsung NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !!
Scanning device for bad blocks
Creating 5 MTD partitions on “NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit”:
0x00000000-0x00020000 : “loader”
0x00020000-0x00030000 : “param”
0x00030000-0x001f0000 : “kernel”
0x00200000-0x00400000 : “root”
0x00400000-0x03ef8000 : “user”
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
Reading data from NAND FLASH without ECC is not recommended
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Mounted devfs on /dev
Freeing init memory: 56K
mount /etc as ramfs
re-create the /etc/mtab entries
Reading data from NAND FLASH without ECC is not recommended
/sbin/insmod: relocation error: /sbin/insmod: symbol query_module, version GLIBC_2.0 not defined in file libc.so.6 with link time reference
mount: Mounting /dev/mtdblock/4 on /usr failed: No such device
console=/dev/console
init started: BusyBox v0.60.3 (.05.13-08:36+0000) multi-call binary
Starting pid 23, console /dev/console: '/etc/init.d/rcS'
mount: Mounting tmpfs on /dev/shm failed: No such file or directory
exec: /usr/etc/rc.local: No such file or directory
Waiting for enter to start '/bin/sh' (pid 26, terminal /dev/console)
Please press Enter to activate this console.
Starting pid 26, console /dev/console: '/bin/sh'
BusyBox v0.60.3 (2002.05.13-08:36+0000) Built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.
#
7 conclusion
the basic function is ok now , next the ecc should be corrected and many drivers should be added.(to be continued)
原文转自：www.ltesting.net
篇8：Linux Kernel地址限制超控安全漏洞及修复
影响版本:
Linux kernel 2.6.0 - 2.6.37
漏洞描述:
Linux Kernel是开放源码操作系统Linux所使用的内核，
Linux Kernel地址限制超控功能实现上存在安全漏洞，本地攻击者可利用此漏洞通过已知的拒绝服务漏洞提升权限，从而完全控制受影响的计算机。
此漏洞源于在通过“set_fs”函数执行地址限制超控时未能对提供的地址正确执行“access_ok()”，
<*参考
Nelson Elhage （nelhage@mit.edu）
permalink.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.oss.general/3871
*>
厂商补丁：
Linux
-----
目前厂商已经发布了升级补丁以修复这个安全问题，请到厂商的主页下载：
www.kernel.org/
篇9：Linux系统kernel参数传递方式详解
ARM体系结构：
1．最常用的方式，就是在make config里修改“General Setup”子菜单中的“Default kernel command string” 选项，通过修改这个选项来修改include/linux/autoconf.h文件中的CONFIG_CMDLINE宏
2．有的时候为了省去make menuconfig的时间，并且内核命令也是固定的，就可以写死内核arch/arm/setup.c文件default_command_line，这个变量本来是初始化为CONFIG_CMDLINE的
3．除了方法1之外，另外一种正规的方法就是将内核命令写入内核参数表中，然后通过start_kernel()->setup_arch()->parse_tags()->parse_tag() ->parse_tag_cmdline()函数来将内核参数表中的内核命令覆盖default_command_line变量（当然你首先得有内核参数表）
4．最后，有的板子会采取直接将内核命令通过bootloader传递给内核，
Linux系统kernel参数传递方式详解
，
★Android Linux Kernel 2.6本地DoS漏洞预警
★意思造句
★成语意思
文档为doc格式
