下面是小编收集整理的初中英语语法介词与常见短语,本文共8篇,供大家参考借鉴,欢迎大家分享。

篇1:初中英语语法介词与常见短语
初中英语语法专题介词
一、概念
介词(preposition)表示与名词、代词等其它词的关系,不能单独做句子成分,介词后面的成分称为宾语。
二、分类
介词可以用来表示时间、地点、方位、方式、手段等。
①重点词整理解析
(atinonbybeforeafteruntilforsince)
at
1. at+点钟 at one o’clock 在七点钟
2. at+the+n’ s (shop) at the baker’s (shop) 在面包店 at the hairdresser’s (shop)在理发店
3. at noon/night/midnight 在正午/夜晚/午夜
4. at home/work/school/church 在家/上班/上学/做礼拜
5. at breakfast/lunch/dinner 在吃早/午/晚饭
6. arrive at+小地点 arrive at the airport 到机场
7. at+节日 at Spring Festival 在春节期间
8. call sb at+号码 打...号码找某人
9. email sb at+邮件地址 发...电子邮件给某人
10. call at +地点 拜访某个地方
11. 其它固定搭配 at the price/speed...of 以...的价格、速度
in
1. in+年、月 in /May 在五月
2. in+季节 in Summer 在夏天
3. in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/下午/晚上
4. in+世纪 in the twenty-first century 在21世纪
5. in+颜色 表示穿着 the girl in red 穿红色衣服的女孩
6. in+语言 in English/Chinese 用英语/汉语
7. in+声音 in a weak voice 用微弱的声音
8. in+时间段 表示将来 in five minutes 五分钟以后 (划线提问用 ‘how soon’)
9. in+地点(大地点) in Qingdao 在青岛
10. in+物体 在...里面 in the glass 在杯子里
11. in+方向 in the west 在西边
12. 其它 in front of 在...前面 in the end 最后 in the past few years 在过去的几年里
on
1. on+具体日期/礼拜 on May 8th 在五月八日 on Wednesday 在周三
2. on+ 节日(带Day 的节日) on Mother’s Day 母亲节
3. on+地点 on the table(在桌子上) on the train(在火车上)
4. call on+sb call on your friend 拜访你的朋友
5. 表示方位(毗邻、接壤) Russia is on the north of China. 俄罗斯与中国北部相连。
6. 关于(和about 相比比较正式) He is writing a book on science.他正在写一本关于科学的书。
7. 接近、靠近It is on a river. 它靠近一条河。
8. 其它 on exhibition 在展览 depend on 依赖、依靠
by
by+时间点,表示在... 之前,例如by the end of this year,在今年年底之前,用将来完成时;by the end of last year, 在去年年底之前,用过去完成时。另外by还有在...旁边的意思,相当于beside.,例如:stand by a tree站在树的旁边。
before
before表示在...之前,可以直接加时间点,例如before seven o’clock 在七点之前,也可以加句子,引导时间状语从句,注意从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时,例如:He had finished his homework before he went swimming yesterday. 昨天去游泳之前,他先完成作业。before还用于完成时,表示之前,例如:I have never met him before.我之前从未见过他。
after
after表示在...之后, 可以直接加时间点, 例如:after seven o’clock 在七点之后,也可以加句子,引导时间状语从句,注意从句用过去完成时,主句用过去时,例如: He went swimming after he had finished his homework. 另外after+时间段,用于过去时;after+时间点,用于将来时。
until
until与否定词连用,表示直到...才,谓语动词用瞬间动词;until用在肯定句,表示直到...为止,谓语动词需要用延续性动词。例如:I didn’t leave until my father came back.
for/since
for/since这两个词常常用于现在完成时,其中for+时间段,since+时间点,句子中的谓语动词用延续性动词。例如:I have studied English for six years. / I have studied English since .
中考原题重现
Tim is going to give his father a surprise____ Father’s Day.
A. in B.at C.on D.by
解析:此题考查介词的用法,在父亲节用介词on , on Father’s Day, 选C.
Doctors says that the first 10 minutes_____ a traffic accident is important for saving a life.
A. in B.before C.after D.during
解析:此题考查介词的用法,根据语境,意思是交通事故发生后的前十分钟是救命的重要时间,所以选择C.
②易混介词辨析
in/on/to
这三个词表示方位,用法区别如下:
如上图,in表示B区在A区的内部,
例如: Zhejiang Province is in the south-east of China.浙江位于中国的东南部。
on表示A区和B区接壤、毗邻,
例如:Russia is on the North of China. 俄罗斯与中国北部相连。
to表示A区和B区彼此独立,互不属于,
例如:China is to the west of South Korea. 中国在韩国的西边。
on/over/above
这三个词都表示上方,区别是on是贴面的,比如,the glass on the table(桌子上面的杯子);over和above都不贴面,其中over表示正上方,above表示在上方,但不一定是正上方。
in front of/ in the front of
这两个词组都表示在...前面,in front of是指物体外部的前方,例如:The teacher is in front of the blackboard. 老师在黑板前面。in the front of是指物体内部的前面,例如:The teacher is in the front of the classroom.老师在教室前面。
in/into on/onto
in和on都表示静态的,在...里面;into/onto则表示动态,例如:jump into the car(跳上车),jump onto the tree(跳到树上)。
in the tree/ on the tree
这两个词组都是在树上的意思,其中in the tree是外部物体或者人长在树上,例如:a cat in the tree 树上的猫; 而on the tree是指树上长着的东西,例如:leaves on the tree,树上的叶子。
between/among
between是两者之间,例如:Lucy is sitting between her father and mother. Lucy坐在爸爸妈妈之间。among是指三者及以上的之间,例如:The teacher is among the students.老师在学生们中间。
across/through
两个词都表示穿过,其中across是指从表面穿过,例如:swim across the river 游过这条河; through是指从空间穿过,例如:pass through the tunnel,穿过隧道。
in/with/by
这三个词都可以表示使用,其中in后面跟声音或是语言,例如:in English 用英语;with跟工具,例如:write with a pen 用笔写;by后面跟方式或者交通工具,例如:by train 坐火车。
except/besides
两个词都表示除了,其中except指除此之外不包括,例如:Everyone is here except Lucy.除了Lucy以外,大家都来了。(说明只有Lucy没来) ;besides是指除此之外还包括,例如:Everyone is here besides Lucy。除了Lucy以外,其他人也来了。(说明Lucy和大家都来了)。
中考原题重现
A woman stood____ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.
A. past B.through C.across D.by
解析:此题考查方位介词的用法,past表示路过经过,through表示从空间穿过,across表示从表面穿过,by表示在...旁边,根据题是一位女士站在窗户旁边,看孩子们正在花园里玩游戏。所以选D.
18个常用“be+形容词+for”结构
be anxious for 渴望
be bad for 对……有害,对……不利
be bound for 前往
be celebrated for 以……出名
be convenient for 对……方便,在……附近
be eager for渴望
be famous for 因……闻名
be fit for 合适,适合
be good for 对……有益(方便)
be grateful for 感谢
be hungry for 渴望得到
be late for 迟到
be necessary for 对……有必要
be ready for 为……准备好
be sorry for 因……抱歉
be suitable for 对……合适(适宜)
be thankful for 因……而感激
be well-known for 以……出名
6个常用“be+形容词+from”结构
be absent from 缺席,不在
be different from 与……不同
be far from 离……远,远远不
be free from 没有,免受
be safe from 没有……的危险
be tired from 因……而疲劳
篇2:初中英语语法介词
初中英语的介词语法
(一)表示时间的介词:
1.at, in ,on
(1) at表示“在某一时刻、某一时点”
(2)in表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。
in September in winter in in the 20th century
in the morning/afternoon/evening
(3)on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night;但若指具体某一天的上述时段时,则一律用on。
on Monday on April 1st
On the afternoon of May 23.
2.from, since, for
(1) from表示“等时间的起点”。
You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 周一至周五你什幺时间来都行。
The exam will start from 9:00am. 考试将从上午九点开始。
(2) since表示“自从……以来(直到现在)”
He has been away from home since 1973. 他自从1973年就离开了家乡。
We have known each other since ten years ago.我们十年前就认识了。
(3) for 与since表示一段时间,但for与时间段连用,而since与时间点连用。
for two hours since last week
3.after, in, within
(1) after表示“在……之后”,是before的反义词。
We’ll hold a party after dinner. 晚餐后我们将举办晚会。
He got a cancer and died after a year. 他患了癌症,一年后去世了
(2) within“在……时间之内”
I can finish it within an hour. 我不需一小时就可把它做完。
(3) in 后面接过去的时间点表过去,若后面接一段时间,则表示“在……时间之后”
I was born in 1983.我出生于1983年。
My father will come back in three days.我爸爸将会在3天后回来。
(二)表示“地点、方向”的介词:
1.In, outside between, among
(1) in表示“在……里面”,如:
What’s in the box? 盒子里是什么?
She put her book in the desk. 她把书放进了书桌。
(2) outside指“在……外面”
There are many people outside the room. 房间外有很多人。
What did your see outside the hall? 你在大厅外看见了什么?
(3) between在……之间(指二者)
There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office. 在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院。
The building stands between the park and the small river. 那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间。
④among在……之间(指三者以上)
“There is a thief among you.” The policeman shouted to the crowd. 警察向人群喊道:“你们中间有个小偷!
He found his place among the crowd. 他在人群中找到了他的位置。
2.on, above, over, below, under
(1) on在……上面,表面相互接触。
There is an apple on the table. 桌上有一个苹果。
On the top of the hill, there is a flag. 山顶有一面旗子。
(2) above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”,与below相对。
A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。
The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。
(3) over“在……正上方”,与under相对。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。
(4) below在……下方,低于……
There are many flowers below the window. 窗下有很多花。
Her skirt reaches just below her knees. 她的裙子刚到膝盖下。
(5) under在……正下方
They sat under a big tree, drinking. 他们坐在一棵大树下喝酒。
What are you wearing under your coat? 你外套里面穿了什么?
3.near, by, beside
(1) near在……附近,与far相对
A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。
My home is near he school. 我的家离学校很近。
(2) by = beside,靠近,在……旁边,比near距离更近
He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在电影院他就坐在我旁边。
He lay down beside the statuary. 他在雕像旁躺下了。
4.in front of, in the front of , behind, around
(1) in front of在……前面 , in the front of表示“在……前部”,指里面。
A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河
They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door. 他们在门前放了一束花。
There is a red chair in the front of the room.
在房间前半部有把红椅子。
(2) behind在……后面588.es
A high building stands behind the village.村子后面有一高层建筑。
The cat lies behind the door. 猫躺在门后面。
(3) around在……周围,围绕
There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。
There are flowers around the stage. 舞台周围摆着鲜花。
5.along, across, through
(1) along沿着
He likes to drive along the river.他喜欢沿着河开车。
There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road street. 沿街有着各种美丽的花。
(2) across横穿
The little girl is afraid to go across the street.这个小女孩不敢横穿马路。
It’s dangerous to run across the busy road. 跑着穿越繁忙的马路是很危险的。
(3) through穿过
It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.开车穿过这条隧道花了我们10分钟时间。
He pushed his way through the crowd to the platform. 他从人群里挤到了站台。
6.at, in
二者都表示“在某个地方”,但at多指较小的地方,如车站、家等,而in多指在“大地方”,如城市、国家、大洲等。(但大小有时也是相对的)。
He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Nanjing.他住在南京市中山路27号。
The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00. 飞机将于13点到达北京。
英语介词口诀详解
1早、午、晚要用 in
例:in the morning 在早上
in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上
in the day 在白天
2at 黎明、午、夜、点与分
例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候
at noon 在中午
at night 在夜间
at midnight 在午夜
以上短语都不用冠词
at six o'clock 在6点钟
at 7:30 (seven thirty) 在7点半
at half past eleven 在11点半
at nine fifteen 在9点15 分
at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)
five minutes after two 2点过5分
at a quarter to two 1点45分
at the weekend 在周末
3年、月、年月、季节、周
即在“某年”,在“某月”,在“某年某月” (但在某年某月某日则用 on),在四季,在第几周等都要用 in。
例:
in 1986 在1986 年
in 1927 在1927 年
in April 在四月
in March 在三月
in December, 1986 1986年12月
in July, l983 1983年7月
in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季
in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季
in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周
in the third week 在第三周
4阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in,即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用 in。
例:Don't read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。
They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。
They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。
a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯
He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。
The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛。
以及:in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下
a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人
the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女
in uniform 穿着制服
in mourning 穿着丧服
in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋
in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫
5将来时态 in … 以后
例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。
I'll come round in a day or two. 我一两天就回来。
We'll be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来。
Come and see me in two days' time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始)
After … (从过去开始)
6小处 at 大处 in
例:Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don't worry.
李和我平安地到达黑山县,一切很好,勿念。
I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市,我姐姐住在一个小城镇,而我的父母则住在农村。
I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市.
有形 with 无形 by,语言、单位、材料 in
例:The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)
The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)
“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是—出好戏。(无形)
The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil. 这种产品是用蒸馏分离出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——无形)
I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed.
我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用 in)
I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)
The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system.
公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用 in )
The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.
长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)
This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的。
7特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用 in
特征或状态:
例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。
They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。
He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。
Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来,却满怀希望而去。
The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟。
The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。
Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣服穿破了。
His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。
I only said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的。
She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 与其说她讲得很气愤,不如说她讲得很伤心。
8还有一些短语也用 in,如:in jest 诙谐地,in joke 开玩笑地,in spite 恶意地, in fairness 公正地,in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大,in sorrow 伤心地等。
His mind was in great confusion. 他脑子里很乱。
Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.
今天大家都兴高采烈,没有一个情绪低落的。
She and her classmates are in flower ages. 她和她的同学都正值妙龄。
The campaign was in full swing. 运动正值高潮中。
方面:
例:We accepted the item in principle. 我们在原则上接受了这个条款。
They are never backward in giving their views. 他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。
The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.
这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。
A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。
方式:
例:All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了。
The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.
党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。
9如下成语惯用 in
例:in all 总计
in advance 事前
in the meantime 与此同时
in place 适当地
in hopes of(或 in the hope of) 怀着……希望
10“介词 at、to 表方向,攻击、位置、善恶、分”
介词 at 和 to 都可以表示方向; 用 at 表示方向时,侧重于攻击的目标,往往表示恶意;用to 表示方向时,突出运动的位置或动作的对象,侧重表示善意。
试比较下列各句:
1. A.She came at me. 她向我扑过来。
B.She came to me. 她向我走过来。
2.A.Jake ran at John. 杰克向约翰扑过去。
B.Jake ran to John. 杰克朝约翰跑去。
3.A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。
B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。
4.A.He shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。
B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说。
5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听见她在抱怨小李。
B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听见她在同小李低声说话。
6.A. She talked at you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢。
B.She talked to you just now. 她刚才还同你谈话呢.
7.A.She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。
B.She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。
8.A.He presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我。
B.He presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪。
常用介词的用法
1. 在…的前面
in front of (范围外的前面)
in the front of (在范围内的前面)
There is a river ________ my house.
我家前面有一条河。
There is a blackboard ___ our classroom .
教室前面有一块黑板。
2.在树上
on the tree 强调树上长出的东西 (苹果,橘子)
in the tree 外来物体(人,鸟,风筝)
There are some birds _____ the tree.
树上有一些鸟。
There are some apples _______ the tree.
树上有一些苹果。
3.时间表达:
in + 某月 / 某季节 / 某年 (时间长)
on + 某天 (中)
at + 具体几点几分 (短)
固定短语: in the morning / afternoon / evening
at night, at noon
练习: __January , __ summer, ___
______ Sunday, ___ March 4th, ___ March
___ _ Sunday morning,_____ the morning
_______ the morning of June 5th
_______ 6:30, ____ night, __ noon
4.在墙上
on the wall
在墙壁表面 (相片photo,图画picture)
in the wall
在墙壁的里面 (门door, 窗户window )
(1)There is a photo of my family
_______ the wall.
(2)There are two doors ______ the wall.
5. 在…之上
on: 在…的表面之上(物体之间有接触)
over: 在…的正上方(物体没有接触)
above 高于......;
在......之上”,多指在相对较高位置
(1)There is a book ______ the desk.
书桌上有一本书。
(2)There is a bridge ______ the river.
河上有一座桥。
(3)The plane flies ______the clouds(云).
飞机在云层上飞行。
6.地点表达法
(1)in 后接较大的地方
如: in Beijing, in China.
(2)at 后接较小的地方
如: at the railway station, at the bus stop
(3)on 常用于一些习惯用语
on a farm 在农场 on the earth 在地球上
on earth 究竟
at home, at school, at the back of ,
at the back of the classroom
At the end of the street,
at the second crossing
篇3:雅思阅读常见介词短语
带-ing词尾的介词
barring:except,not including除。。。外
concerning:about,regarding论及,关于
excepting=except
failing:in default of因缺少。。。。;在缺少。。。时
following:after in time;as a sequel to在。。。以后
including:if we include如果包括我;。。。。。。包括在内
pending:during/until在。。。。。期间/直到。。。。。为止
regarding:about,concerning,in respect of
成语介词
according tas stated by/ in proportion根据。。。。。/依照。。。。。。。
ahead of:further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth
along with:in addition to;together with另外,加之,还有
apart from:exceping,not considering; in addition to除。。。。外/且莫说;除。。。之外尚有
as for:with regard to至于
as from:on and after(a specified time)从一特定时间开始
as of=as from
as regards:about,concerning至于,就。。。而论
as twith regard to关于,至于
篇4:雅思阅读常见介词短语
because of:on account of,by reason
but for:without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有。。。。(帮助或障碍等);要不是
by means of凭借。。。。。的方法
due tbecause of由于
except for:not including,other than除了
in accordance with:in conformity to一致;依据
in front of:ahead of ,in the presence of在前面;当着。。。。。。的面
in place of:in exchange for,instead of作为。。。的交换
in spite of:notwithstanding不管,不顾
instead of:in place of
in view of:considering由于,鉴于
with a view twuth the hope or intention of指望,考虑到
near tto or at a short distance from(in space,time,condition,or resemnlance)
next talmost,virtually几乎
on account of: beause of
on behalf of:in the interests of;as representative为了。。。。。的利益/代表
owing tbecause of由于
prior tbefore在前,居先
together with:as well as和,连同
up tuntil/below or equal to直到/不多于
in regard to=with regard tas concerns,in respect of
in that由于,因为
now that由于
篇5:雅思阅读常见介词短语
barring:except,not including除……外
concerning:about,regarding论及,关于
excepting=except
failing:in default of因缺少……;在缺少……时
following:after in time;as a sequel to在……以后
including:if we include如果包括我;……包括在内
pending:during/until在……期间/直到……为止
regarding:about,concerning,in respect of
as twith regard to关于,至于
because of:on account of,by reason
but for:without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有……(帮助或障碍等);要不是
by means of凭借……的方法
in view of:considering由于,鉴于
with a view twuth the hope or intention of指望,考虑到
near tto or at a short distance from(in space,time,condition,or resemnlance)
next talmost,virtually几乎
ahead of:further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth
except for:not including,other than除了
in accordance with:in conformity to一致;依据
in front of:ahead of ,in the presence of在前面;当着……的面
in place of:in exchange for,instead of作为……的交换
in spite of:notwithstanding不管,不顾
instead of:in place of
篇6:雅思阅读常见介词短语
along with:in addition to;together with另外,加之,还有
apart from:exceping,not considering; in addition to除……外/且莫说;除……之外尚有
on account of: beause of
on behalf of:in the interests of;as representative为了……的利益/代表
owing tbecause of由于
prior tbefore在前,居先
together with:as well as和,连同
up tuntil/below or equal to直到/不多于
in regard to=with regard tas concerns,in respect of
in that由于,因为
篇7:英语语法学习:常见介词的差异
在很多场合,有些介词的含义相似,但用法有差异,容易混淆,这就需要我们弄清楚它们各自的特点和差异。
比如in,at,on都有“在……”的含义,但是它们的用法是有判别的。
in指“在……(大地方)”:in China, in the world, in London
at指“在……(小地方)”:at home, atschool, at he door
on指“在……(的表面上)”:on the desk,on the river, on the book
不过,“大地方”和“小地方”的概念并不十分明确,带有很强的主观性,这就要看英美人是怎么具体运用的。
×arrive in China
√arrive at China
×arrive in Beijing
√arrive at Beijing
at指“在……(时刻)”:at 10, at 18:30,atdawn(黎明时分)
on指“在……(某日)”:on Monday, on holiday,on weekend
in指“在……(某段时间)”:in the morning, in a week(month, year)
但是本该用in的却必须用on(受近旁单词的影响):
√on Sunday afternoon
×in Sunday afternoon
√on the afternoon of July 5
×in the afternoon of July 5
between指“在(两者)之间”:between you and me
among指“在(三者或者三者以上)之间”:among you, him and me
有的介词虽然有某种含义,但某些场合不适合用。比如在路牌上标明方向就不用for(前往),必须用to:
前往王府井
×For Wangfujing
√To Wangfujing
赠送礼品时写:
√For Jane
×To Jane
赠送给亨利,玛丽送写:
×To Henry by Mary
√To Henry from Mary
篇8:初中英语语法之介词详解
关于初中英语语法大全之介词详解
别看介词是一种虚词,它在句中的作用却非常重要。它用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系,
不能单独使用。常考点包括一些固定搭配和一些近义词。固定搭配如:on one's way home,help...with,send for,be interested in..., be late for, be angry with,be good at等。当然这需要你好好记忆了。
常用介词解析及用法比较:
at,on和in:这三个介词在试卷中的出现频率极高。对于它们的的分辨只要记住一句话就可以了。at表示点,on表示线,in表示面。什么意思呢?也就是说它们表达的范围逐渐增大。at six o'clock, at noon, at the age of sixteen等用at表示时刻或时间的点以及年龄。on具体到一周中的各天,日期及某特定的一天早上,下午,晚上:on Saturday,on July 1st,on my birthday,on the morning of July 16th,on a spring afternoon。in表达的范围更大一些。与世纪、年代、季节、月份以及早上、上午、晚上等连用。如:in the seventh century,in 1950's ,in 2000, in the morning等。
for,since:for表示多长时间。since后接时间起点,其终点往往为现在,常与完成时连用。牢牢记住哟。
after, in :这两个介词都可以表示时间“在以后”的意思。其区别是:after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子;in 以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子。
by,with,in:by表示“以...的'方式,方法,手段” 和 “乘某种交通工具”;with指“借助于具体的手段或工具”;in 表示“以......方式,用语言,文字等媒介”。
for和of:试比较:It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock. It's kind of you to help me.
两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定,一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏,人自身的特点,如聪明与否,细心与粗心等;for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点,如可能性,必然性,难易程度等。
好,又到了趁热打铁的时间了,来检测一下你的学习成效如何?
★介词短语
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