高三英语第十三单元

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篇1：高三英语第十三单元

科目 英语

年级 高三

章节 第十三单元

关键词 高三英语第十三单元

文件 high3 unit13.doc

标题 高三英语第十三单元

内容

（三）语言训练课

Ⅰ教具 投影仪

Ⅱ课堂教学设计

1. 教师检查课文复述。

2. 教师从本单元词语中选择部分常用词语，配以例句介绍给学

生。要求学生反复练习这些例句，并请同学造句，教师予以讲评、订正。

1） be content with

You should be content with what you have.

Farmers are very content with their life at present .

He was very content to have this second-hand car.

2)lead to

Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.

The test is bad because it leads to incorrect learning.

This idea in teaching might lead to a new method.

3）prove

In order to prove the servant’s honesty she left a bag containing some money on the table.

On the long journey he proved himself to be an amusing company.

Perhaps this book will prove of some use to you in your studies.

4)work out

We must work out a better method of saving paper.

Mary worked out a beautiful design for a sweater.

He settled down at the desk to work out the difficult maths problem.

5)stick to

If you stick to the truth, you have nothing to fear.

I stick to what I said yesterday.

He never sticks to anything for very long.

6)respect n./v

Children are taught to respect their parents and teachers .

You should always show respect to old age .

If you don’t respect yourself ,how can you expect others to respect you?

7）take sides(in/with)

Switzerland refused to take sides in the two World Wars.

Everybody in the office takes sides in the argument.

Despite my friendship with Frank,I tried not to take sides with him in his brother.

8)advance v./advanced adj.

I signed him to keep away,but he continued to advance.

He was considered as an advanced worker.

May I advance my opinion on the matter?

He read widely among the most advanced thinkers of his age.

3.教师用投影仪打出以下表格，学生利用课文中所提供的信息填写表格，从而介绍伟大的科学家爱因斯坦的生平及他一生对人类所做出的巨大贡献（表见下页）

七八分钟后，请几位同学根据所填写的内容讲述，教师予以讲评。鼓励学生将自己整理的内容连在短文。

4.布置作业1）预习第14单元；2）完成练习册中安排的练习。

Say something about the great scientist Albert Einstein by filling up the form:

In

1879 Born in Germany

When he was a young boy, Used to ask lot s of questions , didn’t enjoy school, found it hard to get along with others

By the time he was 14 Learned maths all by himself

From the year he was 17 Studied in Switzerland ,earned money to go no with his studies.

In 1905 Received a doctor’s degree

Between 1905~1915 Began the research and studies leading to his new discoveries

In 1918 Received world-wide praise for his research

In 1921 Won the Nobel Prize for physics;gave talks in many countries

In 1933 Left Europe for the USA;accept the job as a professor ; asked for little money ;never interested in becoming rich

In 1940 Took American nationality,spent time working for human rights and progress

In 1955 Died at the age of 76

(斜体部分为参考答案，可不向学生展示)

四、难句分析

1.All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of his time alone,although he married twice and had lots of close friends.虽然他结过两次婚，也有许多亲密的朋友，但是在他整个一生中，他愿意单独度过他的大部分时间。

Content在句中是形容词，意为：高兴；心满意足。可构成be content to do sth.或be content with sth.例如：

He is never content with small success.他从不对微不足道的成功表示出满足。

After Mr Black retired ,he was content to live in the country.布莱克先生退休后，心满意足地住在乡下。

Content还可用作及物动词，意为：使……满足。例如：

A quiet life and beautiful music contented Einstein.安静的生活和美妙的音乐使爱因斯坦十分满足。

2.The period between 1905 and 1915was an important one for Einstein;he began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.19到1915的这段时间，对爱因斯坦来说是一个重要的时期，他开始进行了使他在物理学方面获得新发现的研究工作。

Lead to 意为：引起；造成；导致。其中to是介词，后面接名词、代词或-ing形式。例如：Different opinions among young people can sometimes lead to arguments。有时，年轻人往往因不同观点引起争论。

3.It was said that he found in music the peace which was missing in a world full of wars and killings.据说，他在音乐中找到了平静，这种平静在一个充满战争与杀戮的世界上是没有的。

It is /was said+that clause 是一种常见的结构，意为：据说……，意思相当于People say/said+that clause.

在he found in music the peace中，表示地点的状语in music前置，放在动词found与宾语the peace之间，主要是为了使句子结构更紧凑，并使which was missing in a world…这一定语从句能紧跟着它所修饰的先行词the peace.

Full of意为：充满。在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词world.再如：

People full of energy are fit for the job .精力充沛的人才适合干这项工作。

4.Such was Albert Einstein ,a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist.爱因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个纯朴的人，一位20世纪最伟大的科学家。

句中such作代词，当such作代词时，多作主语，指上面说的情况。谓语动词根据情况采用单数或复数形式。例如：

Such was the situation we were facing.这就是我们所面对的形势。

Such were his words! 这就是他所说的话。

5.He worked out just how much the light would be bent ;he could also work out how far the stars would appear to have moved.他计算出了光线将会弯曲的程度；他还能把恒星看上去移动了距离也计算出来。

短语动词work out表示“算出；解（题）；估计出；制定；想出；理解；弄懂”等意义。例如：

The maths problem is so difficult that nobody in our class can work it out .这道数学题太难，我们班上没人算得出。

The area can easily be worked out if you know the length and breadth.如果你知道其长度和宽度，这块地方的面积很快就能估计出来。

We must work out our plan as soon as possible.我们必须尽快制定我们的计划。

Tell me where you are going and I’ll work out the nearest route.告诉我你去哪儿，我给你想出最近的路线。

I can’t work out the meaning of this poem.我弄不懂这首诗的意思。

Nobody can work out how the fire started.没人能搞清楚这场火是怎么着起来的。

6.But Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research.但是爱因斯坦坚持他的意见，继续不断地进行他的研究。

短语动词stick to 作“坚持（意见、看法、真理等）”解，有“执意不改变” （refuse to change）的含义。Stick to 中的to 是介词，后跟名词或代词。例如：

No matter what you say,I shall stick to my plan.不管你说什么，我会坚持我的计划。

If you stick to the truth,you have nothing to fear.如果你坚持真理，则没有什么可害怕的。

I stick to what I said yesterday.我坚持我昨天所说过的话。

Stick to 还表示“坚持干某事”；“忠于；保持好关系”等。例如：

No matter what happens,Fred always sticks to his friends.无论发生什么事，弗雷德都忠于朋友。

I’ll stick to you through thick and thin.我将和你同甘苦，共患难。

篇2：第十三单元

科目 英语

年级 高一

文件 high1 unit13.doc

标题 unit13

章节 第十三单元

关键词

内容

unit 13

一.掌握本单元出现的单词和词组：

set, fight, death, enemy, honest, slave, slavery, owner, law, freedom, lawyer, president, wise, spare, union, war, set…free, in all, no more than, break out, break away from, join up, consider…as, call for, beat to death, of one’s own, spare time

二.本单元知识重点与难点分析

1.Political leaders fought against slavery; they wanted freedom for all slaves.

政治领袖们仅对奴隶制，他们想为所有的奴隶争得自由。

fight against意思是“为反对……而斗争”，“和……斗争”。例如：

In the second world war, Britain fought with France against Germany.

在第二次世界大战中，英国和法国联合作战抗击德国。

Man is fighting against pollution. 人类正与污染作斗争 。

fight for …意思是“为……而斗争” 例如：

the workers are fighting for their rights. 工人们在为争取他们的权利上而斗争。

fight for freedom( peace, fights) 为自由（和平，权利）而斗争。

2.In the end意思是“最后”，“终于”。相当于“at last”,“finally”。例如：

He tried many different jobs, and in the end he became a postman.

我做过多种工作，最后当了邮递员。

I’m sure that everything will be all right in the end .

我相信最后一切都会好起来的。

(2)set free作“释放”，“给……自由”解。

The slave owners didn’t agree to set their slaves free.

农隶主不同意释放他们的奴隶。

I’ll never forget the day when we were set free.我永远不会忘记我们获得自由的那一天。

3.As a child he used to work hard and help his father on the small farm where they lived.他童年的时候就在他们的住的农场辛勤劳动，帮他父亲干活。

as在句中是连词。作“当……时候”解。as a child可看作是as he was a child的简略形式。例如：

As a child (As he was a child =When he was a child )Edison used to make experiments in his own Lab.当爱迪生还是个小孩子的时候，他常在自己的实验室里做实验。

As a young man (As he was a young man=When he was a young man )he worked in a store and later in a post office . 年轻的时候；他在一家商店做过事，后来又在邮局工作过。

I heard a cry for help as I was crossing the street.我在过马路的时候，听到一阵呼救声。

as也可以用作介 词，作“作为”，“当作”解，例如：

He worked as a tour guide for three years.他做过三年导游工作。

As a teacher, I’d like to give you some advice. 作为老师，我想给你们提点建议。

This stick can be used as a walking stick.这根本棍可以当作手杖来使用。

4.She did all she could to help him. 她做了她所能做的一切来帮助他。

句中She could是一个定语从句，修饰先行词all。关系代词that在定词从句中作宾语，因此可以省略。could后面的do ,因避免与主句的谓语动词did重复，也省略了。 此句的完整形式应是：She did all (that) she could(do ) to help him.这句还可改写成：she did what she could to help him.意思同上句一样，没有差别。但what she could是宾语从句，作did的宾语。

5.He spent very little time at school , perhaps no more than a year in all.

他在学校读书的时间很短，可能总共还不到一年。

1)little是不定代词，作“很少”，“几乎没有”解，后跟不可数名词，表否定意思。而a little则表示“有一点”表肯定的意思，例如：

There is little water is the little.瓶子里几乎没有什么水了。

There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里还有一点儿水。

I have very little time for reading every day.我每天几乎没有什么时间看书。

I have a little time for reading every day. 我每天还有一点儿时间用来看书。

2)no more than相当于only，意思是“不过是”、“仅仅”。not more than是“不多于……”、“不超过”的意思，例如：

It took him no more than(only) two hours to finish this work.他只花了两个小时就完成这项工作。

I have no more than(only) two friends in shanghai.我在上海只有两个朋友。

There are not more than fifty students in each class. 每个班的学生人数都不超过50人。

3)in all作“总共”解，相当于altogether。例如：

I spent two hundred yuan on these books in all.我买这些书总共花了200元。

篇3：初三英语第十三单元

科目 英语

年级 初三

章节 第十三单元

关键词 初三英语第十三单元

文件 middle3 unit13.doc

标题 内容

要点解析

1.burn vi ,& vt. 烧，燃烧，点（蜡烛等）

1)There is a fire burning in the fireplace.

壁炉里燃着火。

2)Paper hurns easily.

纸容易燃烧。

3)Someone is burning the leaves.

有人正在烧树叶。

4)The street lights burned all night.

街道路灯整夜亮着。

5)She burned her hand while she was cooking.

做饭时她把手烫了。

2.hear from 接到…的来信，收到…的消息

意为receive a message or letter from.

1)Have you heard from him?

你收到他的来信了吗？

2)I haven't heard from her since she left.

自从她离开后我一直没有收到她的信息。

注意与hear of / about （听说，闻悉）相区别：

1）I never heard of such a thing！

我从来没听说过这样的事！

2）I've just heard about his illness.

我刚听说他生病的事。

3．receive vt．收到，接收

1）When did you receive his letter？

你什么时候收到他的信的？

2）I didn't buy the book．I received（＝got) it from a friend as a gift．

这本书不是我买的，是我的一个朋友作为礼物送给我的。

3）We received a warm welcome from them．

我们受到了他们热烈的欢迎。

4． work on…致力于，从事（某现工作）

此短语中的on是介词。work on译法较活。

1）I'm working hard on my Chinese．

我正在努力学习汉语。

2）The writer is working on（=is busy writing）a new book．

这位作家正忙于写一本新书。

3）The young man is working on a new invention.

这位年轻人正在从事一项新发明。

5．almoot ady．几乎，差不多

1）Mum slept almost the whole way．

妈妈几乎一路上都在睡觉。

2）It's almost time to start.

差不多该出发了／开始了。

3）It was almost dark．

天差不多都黑了。

在实际使用中，尤其在口语中，almost和nearly经常通用（见Unit 12）。但在以下两

种情况下，要用almost，不能用nearly。例如：

1）和 no, no one，nobody，nothing，none，never，not连用时。

①Almost nobody saw it.

这件事几乎没有人看见。

②There was almost no（＝ hardly any）snow that winter．

那年冬天几乎没有下雪。

③He said almost nothing.

他几乎什么都没说。

2）和too连用时。

That's almost too much．

那简直太过分了。

6． more than多于，大于，超过，…以上

常用来修饰表示度量、程度概念并含有数词的短语，与副词over／above意义相同。

1）More than a week has passed already．

已经过了一个多星期了。

2）The man was about more than fifty years old．

那个人大约五十多岁。

其反义词是less than（少于，不到）。

7. news n．新闻；消息

news是不可数名词，“一条消息”要说a piece of news。

1） No news is good news．

没有消息就是好消息。

2） Any news from him？

有他的什么消息吗？

3） By twelve o'clock there was still no news．

到12点时仍然没有消息。

4） Come in，Mary，I've got good news for you．

玛丽，进来。我有好消息要告诉你。

5） We watch the news on television every night．

我们每天晚上都看电视新闻。

8． the whole way（=all the way）一路上，全程；一直地

在句中用做状语。

1） Mum slept almost the whole way．

妈妈几乎一路上都睡觉了。

2） I had to walk the whole way．

我只好一路上都步行。

3） Jack climbed the whole way to the top of the tree．

杰克一直爬到树顶上。

4） All the way back，they talked about the film．

回来时一路上他们都谈论着这部影片。

9. whom pron．谁（宾格）

是疑问代词 who的宾语形式，引起特殊疑问句。当 whom位于句首时，口语中多用

who代替。whom用做介词的宾语时，如果是紧跟在介词之后，则只能用 whom。例

如：

1）Whom do you like best？（＝ Who do you like best？（口语｝）

你最喜欢谁？

2） Whom did you see at the party？

你在聚会上看见了谁？

3） Whom／who are yon writing to？

你在给谁写信？

4）一I'm writing a letter．

一我正在写信。

一Who to？

一给谁呀？

5）Who／Whom did you go with？你和谁一起去的？。

（对比：With whom did you go？）

6）Who／whom did you give it to？你把它给谁了？

（对比：To whom did you give it？）

10．without prep. 无，没有，不（译法较活）

Without是具有否定意义的介词，后边接名词、代词或动名词。其反义词是 With。

1）We could do it without help．

这件事我们自己能干。

2）“I can't live without her,” he said．

“没有她我不能活”，他说道。

3） You couldn't get in without a pass（＝if you don't have a pass）．

没有通行证你不能进。

4） He cannot speak English without making mistakes．

他不能讲英语不出错。

5） Jane left for school early without（ having）breakfast．

简没吃早饭早早就上学去了。

11． Jim asked Ling Feng to say Christmas to everybody.

英语中常用以下说法来表示对某人的礼节：say hello to sb．（向某人问好／问候），say

sorry to sb．（向某人道歉），say goodbye to sb.（向某人告别），say Merry Christ - mas to sb．（向某人祝圣诞节快乐），say Happy New Year to sb．（向某人祝新年快乐）等。例如；

1）They asked me to say hello to you．

他们让我向你问好。

2） Please say hello to your husband for me．

请代我向你的丈夫问候。

3） I've come to say goodbye to you．

我是来向你告别的。

4） You should go and say sorry to her．

你应当去向她道歉。

篇4：高二英语第十三单元

科目 英语

年级 高二

文件 high2 unit13.doc

标题 unit13

章节 第十三单元

关键词 高二英语第十三单元

内容

一、教学目的和要求

⒈单词和词组

ruler L.49 四会

go on with the First World War wouldwide right(n.) L.50

peace

work out stick(vi.) stick to ruler L.51

course(n.) L.52

communist professor L.49 三会

scientific darkness shy content lead to discovery L.50

cheque human right

prove bent respect leading sadness take sides(in) L.51

fuel

advance advanced mathematics education L.52

further education technical

Albert Einstein Alexander Bell L.49 二会

the Nobel Prize bookmark L.50

Swiss Hitler Jew L.51

⒉日常交际用语：

Is it…? No, it’s not him/her Is he/she…?

Who is he/she? What did he do? It must be him/her

⒊语法：

学习名词性从句作语的用法。

二、重点与难点分析

Lesson 49

⒈I’m doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. 我正在猜报纸上的字谜。

puzzle意为“谜”，do a word puzzle or do a puzzle in words意为“猜字谜”。

这里的puzzle是名词，作“难题”，“难以解释的东西”讲。

例如：The murder case was a puzzle to the police. 这桩谋杀案对警察局来说是一个难题。

puzzle也可以作动词，意为“使人迷惑不解”。例如：

The murder case continued to puzzle the police.

这桩谋杀案仍使警察局迷惑不解。

⒉It must be him! 那肯定是他！

情态动词must主要指“肯定”和“禁止”，前者用于肯定句，表示推测，后者用于否定句，表示禁止。例如：

My father must be watching TV now.

我爸爸现在肯定在看电视。

She must be in the classroom.

她肯定在教室里。

You mustn’t smoke in public places.

公共场所禁止吸烟。

Lesson 50

⒈When he was a young boy he used to ask lots of questions…

他小时候常常问许多问题…

used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”

be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”

be used to do sth. 意为“被用来干什么”

例如：I used to drink coffee in the evening, but now I am used to drinking coffee in the morning.

过去我常常晚上喝咖啡，但是现在我习惯于早上喝咖啡。

Computers can be used to do a lot of work nowadays.

如今计算机可用来做许多事。

⒉By the time he was fourteen years old, he had learned maths all by himself.

到十四岁时，他已经自学了数学。

by与时间名词连用时表示“到某时为止”，“不迟于…(时间)”

当by后接将来时间时，句子时态用一般将来时或将来完成时；当by后接过去时间时，句子时态用过去完成时。当by后接现在时间时，句子时态用现在完成时。

例如：

My mother will be back by 5 o’clock this afternoon.

今天下点五点以前我妈妈就回来了。

We had learned English words by the end of last term.

到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了2000个英语单词。

By the end of this century, China will have become a more powerful and beautiful country in the world.

到本世纪末，中国将成为世界上更强大更美丽的国家。

By now, several bridges have been built over the Changjiang River.

到目前为止，长江上已经建了好几座桥。

⒊He found it hard to get along with the other boys.

他觉得很难与别的孩子相处。

在此句中，it为形容宾语，hard为宾语补足词，真正的宾语是不定式短语to get along with the other boys.

在一个含有复合宾语（即：宾语+宾补）的句子中，当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，由于不定式短语或从句较长，所以常使用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语置于句尾，以保持句子的平衡。例如：

I found it difficult to learn French well.

我觉得学好法语是很难的。

They kept it quiet that he was dead.

对于他的死他们保密。

⒋All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of this time alone, although he married twice and had lots of close friends.

虽然爱因斯坦结过两次婚，而且有很多亲密的朋友，但是在整个一生中，他还是愿意独自度过他的大部分时光。

content adj. 满足的；满意的；愿意的

be content with sth. 对…感到满意

be content to do sth. 愿意做某事

She is content with her present job.

她对目前的工作很满意。

I am always content with very little.

我总是很容易满足。

I shall be well content to do so.

我很愿意这样做。

⒌With the pay that he received and saved, he went on with his studies at university, where he received a doctor’s degree in 1905.

他用自己挣来和积存的钱继续读大学，19在大学获得博士学位。

⑴此句是复合句。其中包含两个定语从句。

a: that he received and saved修饰the pay

b: where he received a doctor’s degree in 1905是非限定性定语从句，修饰university.

⑵receive意为“收到”，accept意为“接受”，二者的语义有别。例如：

I received her invitation last week, but I didn’t accept it.

上星期我收到她的请柬，但是我没有接受。

⑶a doctor’s degree 博士学位

a master’s degree 硕士学位

a bachelor’s degree 学士学位

注意学位前的不定冠词

receive/win/get a doctor’s degree/a master’s degree/a bachelor’s degree意为获得博士/硕士/学士学位

Tom received a doctor’s degree in physics in Boston University last term.

上学期汤姆在波士顿大学获得物理学博士学位。

⒍…he began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.

…他开始了研究，这些研究使他在物理学方面有了新的发现。

⑴which led to his new discoveries in physics是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词组the research and studies

⑵lead to意为“引起”、“导致”、“造成”、“通向”

The car accident led to many deaths.

那次车祸使许多人丧生。

There is only one path leading to the forest.

只有一条小路通向森林。

Hard work and proper ways will lead you to success.

勤奋的工作和正确的方法会使你成功。

⒎In 1933 Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA.

1933年爱因斯坦和他的家人离开欧洲去美国。

leave for意为“动身到（某处）”介词“for”表示目标，去向。

My father left for Guangzhou two days ago.

我父亲两天前动身去广州了。

She left home for the railway station a few minutes ago.

几分钟前她离开家动身去火车站了。

⒏Einstein lived the rest of his life quietly in the USA.

爱因斯坦在美国安静地度过了他的余生。

⑴此句中的live是及物动词，常用于live…a life结构。意为“过着”（某种）生活。

例如：live a happy life 过着幸福的生活

live a hard life 过着艰苦的生活

live a miserable life 过着悲惨的生活

live a quiet life 过着宁静的生活

They are used to living a quiet life in the country.

他们习惯在农村过安静的生活。

The children in the city are living a happy life.

城里的孩子们过着幸福愉快的生活。

⑵句中的rest意为“其余的（部分或人），其他的（部分或人）”，使用时须与the连用。

Pick out the good apples and throw away the rest.

挑出好苹果，将其余的扔掉。

Some of the boys climbed the hill, the rest played games.

有些男孩爬山，其他的男孩做游戏。

⒐Besides his work in physics, he spent a lot of time working for human rights and progress.

除了在物理学方面的工作以外，他还花了大量的时间为人权和进步而工作。

注意besides和except的区别

besides意为“除了…之外（还有），有肯定和附加的含义”

except意为“除了…之外（不包括本身在内），有否定和排除的含义。”

例如：

Three girls went to the park besides Mary.

除了玛丽外，还有三个女孩去了公园。（玛丽去了公园，另外三个女孩也去了公园。）

All of us passed the maths exam besides Mike.

除了迈克外，我们大家也通过了数学考试。（迈克及格了，我们大家也及格了。）

All the girls went to the park except Mary.

除了玛丽外，其他女孩都去了公园。（玛丽没去公园。）

All of us passed the maths exam except Mike.

除迈克外，我们大家都通过了数学考试。（迈克没通过）

⒑It was said that he found in music the peace which was missing in a world full of wars and killlings.

据说他在音乐中找到了平静，这种平静在一个充满战争与杀戮的世界里是没有的。

⑴句中which was missing in a world full of wars and killings是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the peace.

⑵full of意为“充满”。形容词短语full of…作定语，放在其所修饰的名词a world之后，a world full of wars and killings相当于a world which was full of wars and killings. 例如：

He brought us a basket full of vegetables. 他带给我们满满一蓝子蔬菜。

⒒Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist.

爱因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个质朴的人，一位二十世纪最伟大的科学家。

此句是倒装句。句中的such是代词，作“这”或“这些”讲。谓语动词根据情况用单数或复数。例如：

Such is my wish. 这就是我的愿望。

Such were his words. 这就是他讲的话。

Such is the answer to the question. 这就是问题的答案。

Lesson 51

⒈But Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research.

但是爱因斯坦坚持自己的意见并继续研究。

⑴动词短语stick to意为“坚持（意见，看法等）”，其中to是介词，后跟名词或代词。例如：

No matter what you say, I will stick to my opinion.

不管你说什么，我会坚持我的观点。

I will stick to my work unitl it’s finished.

我会坚持干我的工作，直到完成它。

⑵stick(stuck, stuck)既可以作动词，也可以作名词。意为“贴，粘”，“卡住，陷在…里（无法移动）”、“手杖”例如：

The old woman can not walk without a walking stick.

这位老太太没有拐杖不能行走。

Don’t forget to stick a stamp on an envelope before you put it into the mail-box.

把信投进信箱前别忘了在信封上贴上邮票。

The car stuck in the mud.

汽车陷入泥里了。

The key has stuck in the lock.

钥匙卡在锁里了。

⒉From that time on Einstein was greatly respected as the leading scientist of the century.

从那时起，爱因斯坦备受尊敬，被公认为本世纪最杰出的科学家。

from that time on/from then on意为“从那时起”，常与过去时连用。

since that time/since then/ever since then意为“从那时起”，但与完成时连用。例如：

From then on he began to learn Russian.

从那时起，他开始学俄语。

Since then he has been writing poems.

从那时起，他一直在写诗。

⒊…as Switzerland did not take sides in the war. ……由于瑞士在大战中没有参加战争的任何一方。

take sides with sb./take the side of sb. 同意某人，支持某人，和…站在一边。例如：

Switzerland refused to take sides in world War II.

瑞士在第二次世界大战中拒绝参加任何一方。

He took sides with Mother against Father in the argument.

争论中他站在母亲一边反对父亲的意见。

⒋When Germany was ruled by Hitler in the early 1930s…….

二十世纪三十年代初期希特勒统治德国的时候……

in the early 1930s也可以写成in the early 1930’s二十世纪三十年代初期

in the middle 1990s 二十世纪九十年代中期

in the late 1990s 二十世纪九十年代末期

⒌Grammer：Noun Clauses as the Subject

语法：名词性从句：主语从句

用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句这一。引导主语从句的连接词有：连词that,whether；连接代词who,what和which；连接副词when,where,how,why等等。例如：

What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.

他所希望看到的是，全世界的一切军队全都消亡。

What he has done has nothing to do with us.

他所做的事情与我们无关。

That there is life on another planet is almost impossible.

在另一个星期上有生命几乎是不可能的。

Who killed the young man remains a question.

谁杀死了这个年轻人仍然是一个问题。

When we will hold the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

我们何时召开会议还没有决定。

Whether we can control the floods is still uncertain.

我们能否控制住洪手还不能肯定。

Which team will win the football match is still unknown.

哪支队会赢得足球赛还不知道。

Why he didn’t tell the truth wasn’t quite clear.

他为什么不说实话，还不清楚。

以上例句中的主语从句都是放在句首，但是，有时主语从句太长时，如果放在句首，会使句子显得笨重。因此，我们常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句挪到后面去。可用it作形式主语的主语从句常见结构有：

⒈It is+adj./n.+that-clause.

It’s a pity that… 遗憾的是……

It’s possible that… 可能是…….

⒉It is said/reported that……据说/据报道…

⒊It seems/happened that…似乎/碰巧……

例如：It is possible that he misunderstood what I said.

他可能误解了我说的话。

It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods.

据报道洪水过后很多人无家可归。

It happened that I was free that day.

碰巧那天我有空。

whatever,whoever也可以引导主语从句。

Whoever comes will be welcome. 无论谁来都会受到欢迎。

Whatever she did was right. 不管她做什么都是对的。

三、同步测试

（一）单项选择

⒈Don’t always ______ your own opinion.

A.stick B. stick to C. stick in D. insist in

⒉His mistakes _____ his failure.

A. led to B. led of C. lead on D. lead for

⒊The Second World War broke out in _____ when Einstein was in ______.

A. the early 1940s; the USA B. 1937; Switzerland

C. the late 1930s; the USA D. the thirties; France

⒋My sister ______ an invitation but she didn’t _____ it.

A. accepted; receive B. received; accepted

C. accepted; accept D. received; accept

⒌By the time I ______ the bus station, the bus _______.

A. got to/left B. reached/has left

C. arrived/has gone D. left/arrived

⒍_____ five years _____ the book about pollution.

A. It spent him/to finish B. It spent him/finishing

C. He spent/finishing D. He spent/to finish

⒎Facing this _____ problem, I found myself _____ about how to work it out.

A. puzzled; puzzled B. puzzled; puzzling

C. puzzling; puzzled D. puzzling; puzzling

⒏In the daytime the stars are not seen to twinkle ______.

A. in a apace B. in the space C. in space D. on space

⒐______, paper was first made in China.

A. It is known to all B. We all know

C. It is known that D. As it known to all

⒑______ we will go to the beach tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. Why B. If C. Where D. Whether

⒒Nobody knew _______.

A. where he comes B. where he was from

C. where he is from D. where does he come from

⒓Computers can only give out _____ has been stored in them.

A. that B. which C. what D. anything

⒔She wanted to know ______.

A. whether I knew her and where did she work.

B. if I knew her and the factory she worked there.

C. whether I knew her and the factory she worked.

D. if I know her and the factory where she worked.

⒕It doesn’t matter _____ I rest or not.

A. if B. whether C. that D. when

⒖The trouble is ______ we are short of tools.

A. what B. that C. how D. which

⒗That is ______ there appears a rainbow in the sky.

A. what B. when C. why D. however

⒘The thought ______ he might fail in the final exam worried him.

A. which B. that C. when D. /

⒙_____ I will accept the gift is none of your business.

A. If B. Whether C. What D. Which

⒚_____ wants the book many have it.

A. who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person

⒛The problem is _____ will go.

A. that B. that who C. who D. whoever

（二）阅读理解

A

In the year 2000, the world is going to have a population of about 8 billion(十亿). Most scientists agree that the most severe problem is food supply.

Who is going to feed all those people? Where is the food going to come from? Are we going to have enough food? Are we going to produce more artificial(人选的) food?

One way of improving the situation is for people to eat less meat. Why? Because it takes 4 kilos(公斤) of grain protein(蛋白质) to produce half a kilo of meat protein. Clearly, there is not going to be sufficient meat protein for 8 billion people. Gherefore, it will also necesssary to change eating habits because meat is the main part of many people’s food today.

A possible solution to this latter problem is the soybean.(大豆) The soybean plant produces beans which have a very high fat and proteim content. Scientists can now make these look and taste like real meat. They can also make many other artificial products such as soybean milk, for example, which has a taste of milk and can be used in cooking in very much he same ways as cow’s milk. In fact, one woman in the United States fed her family only on soybeans for year! She gave them soybean beef, soybean chicken, soybean milk, and sometimes just soybeans. Possibly, we are all going to eat soybeans in the future and finally give up meat completely from our tables.

⒈What is the main subject of the passage?

A. A solution to man’s food problem.

B. A solution to the population problem.

C. Advantages of soybean.

D. How to develop good eating habits.

⒉According to the passage, meat will completely disappear in the future because _____.

A. people have to spend too much time energy to produce it

B. too much grain protein is needed to produce it

C. it contains too much fat and protein

D. it is no good to the health

⒊According to the passage, the main part of food that many people are eating today is ____.

A. soybeans B. grain C. meat D. milk

⒋In this passage, “artificial food” refers to food made from _____.

A. milk B. grain C. protein D. soybeans

⒌Soybean meat is similar to real meat _____.

A. in appearance but not in taste.

B. neither in appearance nor in taste.

C. both in appearance and in taste.

D. in taste, but not in appearance.

B

It is true that times are changing for the old people in Brtain. But not all the changes are bad ones. Modern medicine, for example, has made old people healthier than ever before. Aother advantage is that there are many more old people than there used to be. This means that old people often have a good social life with their own clubs and organizations. Old people, too, have more money now than their own parents and grandparents had.

The biggest disadvantage of modem life is loneliness. The young leave home when they grow up and many old people live alone. Fewer old people have brothers and sisters. An old person’s one or two children may have moved to another part of the country.

Even when they live nearby, the young people have their own work to do and their own children to look after. They have not much time for the old. Problems of loneliness often start when people stop work. When people retire they often find it difficult to start a new life without their jobs.

The world has changed so fast since 1900 that it is difficult for old people to understand the problems of the young. And the world is changing even faster these days than it was fifty years ago. It makes you thing, doesn’t it? What will it be like when today’s young people are old?

⒈To the old people, the changes in society are ______.

A. better than they expected

B. not as good as they wish

C. both good and bad

D. difficult to understand

⒉According to this passage, the old people today ______.

A. often go to clubs with their brothers and sisters

B. prefer lonely life to social life

C. live more happily than their parents and grandparents

D. like to share their feelings and thoughts with other people

⒊Although some old people live near their sons or daughters, ______.

A. they still feel lonely

B. they want to move to other places

C. they have no time to look after the young people’s children

D. they like to live with their own brothers and sisters

⒋In the last century, old people did not have so many problems because ______.

A. they had big families

B. they lived with their children

C. the young were king to the old

D. the society didn’t change so rapidly

⒌What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Modern society only belongs to the young.

B. Modern life has brought new problems to the old.

C. Today’s young people are happier than their parents.

D. It is necessary to take better care of the old people.

同步测试参考答案：

（一）⒈B；⒉A；⒊C；⒋D；⒌B；⒍C；⒎C；⒏C；⒐D；⒑D；

⒒B；⒓C；⒔D；⒕B；⒖B；⒗C；⒘B；⒙B；⒚B；⒛C

（二）A：⒈A；⒉B；⒊C；⒋D；⒌C

B：⒈C；⒉D；⒊A；⒋D；⒌B

篇5：初一第十三单元

一、单元的题目是：“What colour is it?”.有关颜色的单词以前已经学过许多。

例如：white (白色) black (黑色) red (红色) yellow (黄色) orange(桔黄色)

blue (兰色) pink (粉色) brown(棕色) purple(紫色) green(综色)等等。

除此之外，还有：dark green(深绿色) dark brown (深棕色)等等类似表示颜色的单词。

请看下面一组对话，读后译成中文：

A: What’s that over there? 那边是什么？

B: Where? 哪儿呀？

A: Over there, on the hill. 那边的小山上。

B: It’s a car. 那是一辆小汽车。

A: What colour is it? 那辆小汽车是什么颜色的？

B: It’s red. It’s a red car. 是红颜色的，那是一辆红色的小汽车。

A: Is that a car, too? 那也是一辆小汽车吗？

B: Yes, it is. 是的。

A: What colour is it? 那么是什么颜色的？

B: It’s black. It’s a black car. 那是黑颜色的，是一辆黑色的小汽车。

二、What colour是问颜色的特殊疑问词，不论问复数形式还是问单数形式，只要问什么颜色的就要用what colour开头作为疑问词。请看下面两个例句。

1. What colour is your sweater? 你的毛衣是什么颜色的？（单数形式）

2. What colour are those clothes? 那些衣服是什么颜色的？（复数形式）

对于以上两个特殊问句都要做直接回答。如：

1. My sweater is yellow. 我的毛衣是黄色的。

2. They are red and green. 那些衣服都是红色和绿色的。

三、颜色还有其它用法。请看下面一组对话。

Han Meimei: Excuse me, Jim. 喂，吉姆，那个人谁呀？

Who’s that man?

Jim: Which man? 哪个人？

Han Meimei: The one in the white car. 坐在白色小汽车里的那个人。

Jim: oh, that’s my father! 噢，那是我的父亲。

在上面的一组对话中出现了一个与颜色有关的短语“in the white car.”(坐在白色的小汽车里)这是个介词短语，它在句子中起定语作用，类似这样的短语还有许多。例如：

in a red coat the girl in a red coat. 穿着红上衣的女孩。

in a white hat the woman in a white hat. 戴着白色的帽子的女士。

on the black bike the boy on the black bike. 骑着黑色的自行车的男孩。

请把下面的图片与英文句子对号入座，并按照文字要求分别涂上颜色。

图

A: The boy is in a yellow sweater. B: The woman is in a red coat.

C: The bird is on a black car. D: The girl is in a blue boat.

请将下列单词连接成句，将表示颜色的单词放在正确的位置上。

1. black they cars are 2. the box blue are the apples in.

3. coats their are white 4. their jeep green is

5. green the boy bike is on a 6. they colour chat are

7. is it Li Lei’s sweater 8. balls they brown are

请参考下列答案：

1. They are black cars. 2. The apples are in the blue box.

3. Their coats are white. 4. Their jeep is green.

5. The boy is on a green bike. 6. What colour are they?

7. It is Li Lei’s sweater. 8. They are brown balls.

四、在上面的一组对话中出现了“Who’s that man?” “Which man?”的句型。

who’s =who is是谁的意思。which是哪一个，哪一些的意思。

在以前学过的句型当中曾出现过: Who is duty today? Who’s that girl?” Who is your teacher of English? Who is she? 等等。

Which is yours? Which school are you in? Which row are you in等等，都是比较熟悉的句型。

五、在第十三单元里，要求掌握的单词有：

1. colour颜色 2. red红色 3. black黑色 4. white白色 5. blue蓝色 6. orange桔黄色 7. green绿色 8. yellow黄色 9. brown棕色 10. me（宾格形式） 11. which哪一个，哪些 12. sweater毛衣

在第十三单元里，要求掌握的短语有：

1. over there在那边 2. on the hill在山上 3. in English用英语 4. in a white car坐在一辆白色的小汽车里 5.on the black bike骑着黑色自行车 6. in a red coat穿着红色外衣

在本单元中要求掌握的句型有：

1. What colour is it? 2. What colour are they?

六、阅读下列短文，然后根据短文回答问题。

Jane White is an American girl. She is a student. She is fifteen. Her father is Mr. White. Her mother is Mrs. White. Bob is her brother. He is a student, too. He is in a black coat. Jane is in a red sweater. She is a nice girl.

问题：

1. Is Jane American or English? 2. How old is she?

3. Is she a student? 4. Who’s her father?

5. Who’s her mother? 6. And who’s her father?

7. How old is he? 8. What colour is Bob’s coat?

9. What colour is Jane’s sweater? 10. Is Jane a nice girl?

参考答案：

1. She is American. 2. She is fifteen.

3. Yes, she is. 4. Her father is Mr. White.

5. Mrs. White is her mother.或者: Her mother is Mrs. White. 6. Bob is her brother.

7. He is fourteen. 8. His coat is black.

9. Jane’s sweater is red. 10. Yes, she is .

七、请何等下面的练习：

1. 请指出并改正下列句子中的错误。

1. What colour is these clothes? 2. These trousers is new.

A B C D A B C D

3. Kate’s shoes is blue. 4. That bus is blue colour.

A B C D A B C D

5. Who is this ruler? 6. You must put on it.

A B C D A B C D

7. This book is not me. 8. These pictures are our.

A B C D A B C D

2.完成下列答句，单词的第一个字母已给出。

1). What colour is a banana? It’s y .

2). What colour are the walls? They are w .

3). What colour is the b in our classroom.

4). What colour is the a .

5). What colour is an orange? It’s o .

6). What colour are these treen? They are g .

7). What colour is the sky? It’s b .

8). What colour is the cat? It’s b .

3.将下列各句译成英文：

1.骑黑自行车的那个男孩是谁？ 2.穿红外衣的那位女士是谁？

3.那个女孩是谁？哪一个？戴黄帽子的那个

4.那是什么？那是毛衣；什么颜色的？是蓝色的。

4.选择正确答案。

1). A. What colour is Kate blouse? B. Which colour is Kate blouse?

C. What colour is Kate’s blouse? D. Which colour is Kate’s blouse?

2). A. Is Jim sweater green? B. Is Jim’s sweater green?

C. Is this Jim sweater green? D. Is green Jim’s sweater ?

3). A. Who is this ruler? B. Who this ruler is?

C. Whose is this ruler? D. Whose ruler this is?

4). A. What’s colour is your shirt? B. What colour is you shirt?

C. What the colour is your shirt? D. What colour is your shirt?

5). A. Who is your English teacher? B. Whose is your English teacher?

C. What is your English teacher? D. Who is yours English teacher?

5.将下列对话译成中文：

A: Is Ann is a red skirt?

B: Yes, she is.

A: What colour is her blouse?

B: Yellow.

A: And her shoes.

B: Brown.

A: Who’s this man in the yellow shirt?

B: He is Ann’s father.

A: And this woman?

B: She is Ann’s mother, Mrs. Read. She is in white shoes.

A: And who’s the boy?

B: He’s Ann’s brother, Tom. He’s in a red sweater and blue trousers.

练习参考答案：

1. 1).C, are 2). C, are 3). C, are 4). D, colour删掉

5).A, whose 6). D, it on 7). D, mine 8). D, ours

2. 1). yellow 2). white 3). blackboard 4). apple 5). orange 6). green 7). blue 8). brown

3. 1). Who’s the boy on the black bike? 2). Who’s the woman in a red coat?

3). Who’s that girl? Which girl? The one a yellow hat.

4). What’s that? That’s a sweater. What colour is it? It’s blue.

4. 1). C 2). B 3). C 4). D 5). A

5.

A:安今天穿着一条红裙子吗？

B:是的。

A:她的衬衫是什么颜色的？

B:黄色的。

A:她的鞋是什么颜色的？

B:棕色的。

A:穿着黄色的衬衫的那位男士是谁？

B:他是安的爸爸。

A:那么那位女士呢？

B:她是安的妈妈瑞德夫人。她穿着一双白色的鞋。

A:那个男孩呢？

B:他是安的弟弟汤姆。他穿着一件红色的毛衣和一条蓝色的裤子。

篇6：九年级英语第十三单元重难点

九年级英语第十三单元重难点

一、疑点难点

1. You have to be careful.你得小心。

疑点：be careful“小心，当心”

如：Be careful while crossing the road.过马路要小心。

难点：be careful后常跟of短语。与它同义的有look out。

如：Aren’t you a bit too careful of your health?你对个人的健康难道不是有点过于小心了吗?

Look out!There’s danger ahead.当心!前面有危险。

2. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all.有时广告可能导致你买你根本不需要的东西。

疑点：at times= sometime，是副词性短语，表示事物发生的频率。

如：He is late for school at times.他有时上学迟到。

难点：1)对含有at times的短语进行提问时，用How soon.

如：How soon does he go to school late?At times.

2)句中lead意为“使得、导致”，常用于短语lead sb. to do sth.“导致某人做某事”

如：What leads you to think so?

3.Soft lighting1 makes people look good，but it make food look bad.柔和的光线使人的脸色看上去很好看，但使食物看起来很难看。

疑点：look good/bad意思为“外表的颜色看起来好看/难看”

如：The traffic accident made him look bad.

难点：look fine/ well指看起来身体健康

如：You look better today than yesterday.你今天看上去比昨天好多了。

3. It makes me want to join a clean-up campaign2.这让我想加入一次清扫大运动。

疑点：注意join的用法：(1)join加入军队，政党，组织等，成为其中一员。

如：The next year he joined the union.第二年他加入了工会。

(2)join加入某人，并一起进行某项活动。

如：She joined her husband in his study.她与她的丈夫一块从事他的研究。

难点：与join意思相近的短语take part in也表示“参加……”，take an active part in积极参加。它侧重于参加某项活动或运动。

如：Do you take an active part in sports?你积极参加体育活动吗?

4. For instance3，they can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really need.

例如，他们能够帮你比较两种不同的产品，以至于你能买到你真正需要的那个。

疑点：for instance相当于for example 意思为“例如”

如：He likes all kinds of sports， for instance he likes playing soccer very much.

难点：句中的compare意为“比较，对照”，可以构成短语compare...with...把……与……相比，compare...to...把……比作……

如： If we compare French schools with British schools，we will find many differences.

如果我们把法国的学校与英国的学校相比，会发现许多不同之处。

如：The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose.

这位诗人把他所钟情的女人比作玫瑰花。

5. If you think flowers are too feminine4 a gift for a man to receive，you can consider giving a plant instead.

如果你认为鲜花对一位男士来说太女性化而不好接受，你可以考虑送一种植物。

疑点：consider doing sth. 考虑做某事

如：I’m considering changing my job.我正在考虑换工作。

难点：consider还可以加that从句，表示“考虑到…”;还可以组成短语consider sb. +n/adj，

表示“把…看作/认为…”

如：If you consider that she’s only been studying English for six months，she speaks it well. 如果考虑到她学英语才六个月，那么她讲英语讲得的确不错了。

Do you consider her suitable5 for the job?你认为她做这工作合适吗?

二、重点讲解

1. Rainy days make me sad.雨天使人沮丧。

make的用法

(1)make+n.make food 做饭make a plane做飞机make the bed 铺床 make money 赚钱 make sb./sth.+adj.使某人(感到)，使……处于某种状态

(2)make的宾语之后可跟名词、形容词、分词来充当宾语的补足语

1)名词作make的宾语补足语

The party made her a good teacher.党把她培养成为一名好教师.

2)形容词作make的宾语补足语

如：Soccer makes me crazy.足球使我疯狂。

The soft music makes Tina sleepy.轻柔的音乐使Tina快睡着了。

Waiting for her made me angry.我很生气一直等着她。

可用到的形容词有：happy，pleased，surprised，angry，annoyed，sad，upset，unhappy，worried，anxious，excited，relaxed，stressed out，tense，calm，scared，comfortable，sick…

3)分词作make的宾语补足语

如： I made myself understood by all the students.

You must make yourself respected.

(3). make sb./sth.+do…使某人做某事(不能带不定式符号to)

如：Wars make the peace go away.战争使和平远离。

注意：当make用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号to.

如：We were made to work all night.我们被迫日夜工作。

(4). make it习惯用语，及时赶到，到达目的地

如：I just made it to my class.(Unit 9)我恰好赶到班级。(arrived in time)

(5). make of /from./out of

make of 原材料制成成品后，原材料未经任何化学变化，仍保持原有性质.

如：The chair is made of wood.

make from当原材料制成成品后，经过了化学变化，失去了原有性质.

(6). make up of 常用于被动结构：be made up of…相当于consist of…(由……组成)

make up from 由…..所制造

如：A car is made up of many different parts.

She wore a necklace made up from gold coins.她戴着一串由金币制成的项链.

2.…but don’t really tell you anything about the quality of the product.但没有真正告诉你有关产品质量的任何问题。

tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人有关某事”，tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”。

如：The granny told us about a thief breaking into her house.

Tell me where you live.告诉我你住在哪儿。?

3. They also have to know how to make money.他们还必须知道如何赚钱。

(1)know how to do 其中的不定式带有疑问词。

know what to do 知道做什么。这一句式可以改为复合句，上句也可为：

They also have to know how they can make money.

又如：Please tell me when we should leave. =Please tell me when to leave.

请告诉我什么时候离开。

(2)make money/earn money挣钱

如：His father makes /earns a lot of money as a pilot.他父亲当飞机驾驶员挣钱很多。

4. However，some advertising6 can be confusing7 or misleading8.

然而，一些广告会混淆或误导你。

(1)confuse v.使迷惑;confusing adj令人迷惑的;confusedadj.迷惑的，糊涂的

如：Waking up in strange surroundings10 confused9 her.她醒来时看到一片陌生的环境，这把她搞糊涂了。

The instructions are very confusing and I can’t understand them.这些指示莫名其妙，我没有办法理解

He gets confused easily.他很容易被弄糊涂。

(2)mislead v.使某人想错/做错，误导;misleading adj.令人受误导的

如：a misleading description/advertisement误导人的描述(广告)

5. Be sure to follow your host’s suggestions.务必要遵从主人的暗示或提议。

(1)be sure to别忘了，记住

如：Be sure to turn everything off before you go to bed.别忘了睡觉之前关上各样东西。

(2)be sure to do一定会……的，必定会发生的。

如：It’s sure to rain. 必定会下雨。

(3)be sure of 对……有把握。

如：He’s sure of living to ninety.他对活到90岁很有信心。

三、语法展示

宾语补足语

1.宾语补足语和宾语一起称为复合宾语，可作宾语补足语的有：名词，代词，形容词，副词，分词，不定式，介词短语，名词从句。

如：(1)We call him Jim.我们叫他吉姆。

(2)Whom do you think of me? 你以为我是谁?

(3)Please keep the room clean.请保持室内清洁。

(4)He found her out.他发现她出去了。

(5)She found the book interesting.她认为这本书很有意思。

(6)You’d better have your shoes mended.你还是请人把鞋补一补吧。

(7)Make yourselves at home.不要受拘束。

(8)We made him what he is.是我们使他成为现在这样。

2.宾语补足语的注意事项

1)作宾语补足语的形容词应放在宾语后，若放在前则变成了定语。

如：(1)We found the man honest.我们发现此人很诚实。(宾补)

(2)We found the honest man.我们发现了这个诚实的人。(定语)

2)在动词elect，choose，make之后用作补语的名词，若是表示“身份，职位”则不带冠词。如：They elected Li Lei monitor last week.上周他们选李雷当班长。

3)有些动词后通常跟“to be+名词或形容词短语”作补语，但to be常省去。这些动词有：think，consider，believe，imagine，suppose，see，find，feel，etc.。

如：He thinks himself (to be) a clever man. 他认为自己很聪明。

4)复合宾语可变为宾语从句。

如：We think her a nice woman.→We think that she is a nice woman.我们认为她是个很好的人。

5)动词let，make，have及感官动词后用不带to的不定式作补语，若变为被动语态，应将to加上。

如：I saw tears come into her eyes.→Tears were seen to come into her eyes.我看到她眼里含着泪。

6)感官动词后跟不带to的不定式或现在分词作补语，其区别在于不定式强调事实经过或动作已完成，而现在分词则强调当时情景或动作正在进行。请比较。

如：I like to hear her sing.我喜欢听她唱歌。

I heard her singing last night.昨晚我听到她在唱歌。

篇7：高二英语第十三单元的单词

高二英语第十三单元的单词

Unit 13

△Albert Einstein 艾伯特爱因斯坦（1879－1955，生于德国的美籍物理学家）

communist n 共产主义者adj 共产主义者的

△Alexander Bell 亚历山大贝尔（1847－1922，美国发明家）

professor n 教授

ruler n 统治者

scientific adj 科学的

darkness n 黑暗

shy adj 害羞的

content adj 甘愿的；满意的

go on with 继续

lead to 导致；导向

discovery n 发现

the First World War 第一次世界大战

worldwide adj 世界范围的

△the Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖

cheque n 支票

bookmark n 书签

right n 权利

human right 人权

peace n 和平

prove vt 证明

bent adj 弯的

work out 算出；解决

stick vi＆vt 粘住；钉住；坚持

stick to 坚持

respect vt 尊敬；尊重

leading adj 最主要的'；领导的

sadness n 悲哀

△Swiss adj 瑞士的；端士人的n 瑞土人

take sides（in） 站在...一边

篇8：人教版 高三第十三单元：复习内容SB2A Unit 7-8

第十三单元

（一）应复习的教材内容：SB2A Unit 7, Unit 8

（二）复习要点

1. 词汇

SB2A Unit 7

infect vt. （疾病）传染，感染

infect sb. with… 传染给某人……be infected with… 被染上……

1. Anyone with a bad cold may infect the people around him

2. The wound was infected with germs.

infect sb. with a theory （意识，精神）影响， 感染

3. The captain’s courage infected his men .

4. The whole class was infected with the teacher’s own enthusiasm(热情) for the subject.

5. an infected area 污染地区

disrupt 打断，中断，使陷入混乱

1. The strike severely disrupted flights to Spain.

2. Telephone service was disrupted for hours.

3. An accident has disrupted railway service into and out of the city.

4. The special TV report disrupted regular programming.

date

1. What is the date today? 今天是几月几号？(What day is today ?今天星期几？)

2. At that date, electric light was unknown.

be out of date 过时的 Up to date 时兴的

3. The guide-book is ten years out of date.

4. He is very up to date in his method of language teaching.

date back to 回溯到 date from 从……起

5. The castle dates back to the 14th century.

6. The custom dates from ancient times.

to date 到目前为止

7. There is no news to date.

8. This is his best book to date.

result

1. He was late as a result of the traffic jam.

2. He was late , as a result, he was criticized by the teacher.

3. The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.

4. His attempt resulted in failure.

feel like, take notes of,

be different from, on the contrary

break down keep sb.alive

spread through die of

cheer up be infected with

lack of suffer from

find out be treated with

keep sb. from doing sth. be free from

for the moment think of… as

through birth

SB2A Unit 8

witness 目击，见证

1. He witnessed the accident. = He witnessed to the accident.

2. He is a witness to the accident, so he was invited to the police station.

3. We witnessed tremendous changes in the city.

4. She said she was a witness to the will

panic

1. The fire caused a panic in the cinema.

2. At the news he was struck with (a) panic. 惊慌失措

3. a panic fear 莫名的恐惧

4. The crowd in (a ) panic fled in all directions. 惊恐地

v panicked, panicking

5. The popular star’s turning up panicked the audience.使狂热，使喝彩

6. Don’t panic over the simple cut, young man. 对……恐慌

recommend 推荐；建议；托付

1. recommend (sb) a book 推荐

2. recommend sb as a good writer

3. The doctor recommended the patient to do some light manual labor. 建议

4. He recommended that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.

5. I recommended my child to her (her care).托某人照管

call for /at/ on /in/up/off

1. I’ll call for you at seven tomorrow.

2. The meeting calls for ten rooms.

3. We called at my aunt’s yesterday evening.

4. I called on Professor Lee the day before yesterday.

5. The government called on people to support him.

6. The teacher called in Mary’s father because of her often being absent from school.

7. Please call me up if you have any question.

8. The conference has been called off.

make sure give first aid

catch fire keep sth in mind.

in honour of hold one’s breath

leave out deal with

roll over upside down

spit out turn off

2. 句型结构

SB2A Unit 7

1. I can become infected with HIV by swimming in a pool, holding hands or kissing someone with HIV.

2. People who see Xiaohua would never guess that she is one of millions of children in the world living and dying with Aids.

3. People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex, by receiving infected blood transfusions or, as in Xiaohua’s case, through birth.

4. As with most diseases and disasters, the young suffer the most.

5. If I were to live long enough to have a job, I would choose to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients.

6. Medical studies show that the AIDS virus cannot be transmitted via the following routes: cups, glasses, toilets seats, swimming pools, mosquitoes, other insects or giving blood.

7. What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter ?

8. AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illnesses.

9. The disease is spreading fast in Africa and parts of Asia, mainly because of a lack of proper health care, prevention and education.

10. I wish I could remember more about my mum.

SB2A Unit 8

11. Make sure that electric wires are safe and that children can’t reach them.

12. Seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference between life and death.

13. The question will also calm the person, letting him or her know that help is on the way.

14. We should never try to revive a person unless we know how to do it.

15. Learning about first aid is the best way to make sure that we will not have to feel that we could have done more.

16. Here is some advice for dealing with common injuries.

17. If the person is conscious and breathing, try to get him or her to spit out any poison that may still be in the mouth.

18. Send whatever you find to the hospital.

19. I was walking along the road next to the river when I saw a little girl fall through the ice.

20. After he had thrown up a couple of times, I gave him some milk to drink.

3. 语法：语气

英语句子一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用不同的形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。

1) 陈述语气（The Indicative Mood）

用来陈述事实，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。如：

My father and I drove over to the village to see Uncle Wu.

No one likes being laughed at.

Are you joking?

What a strange-looking person (he is )!

2) 祈使语气（The Imperative Mood）

用来表示请求、命令或劝告等。如：

Open the door, please.

Don’t torch anything unless you are told to.

Let me have a try.

3) 虚拟语气 (The Subjunctive Mood)

表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。

a)虚拟语气在条件句中的用法

(1) 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条 件 从 句 主 句

动词过去式（be的过去式一般用were） Would (should, could, might)+动词原形

① If I were you , I wouldn’t /shouldn’t do that.

② We would go with you if we time.

③ We could ask him if he were here.

④ If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up.

(2) 表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条 件 从 句 主 句

Had+过去分词 Would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词

① If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

② If you had come earlier, you would (might) have met him.

③ I should (would) have called you if I had known your telephone number.

3）表示与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条 件 从 句 主句

动词过去式

或should＋动词原形

或were to ＋动词原形

Would (should, could, might)＋动词原形

① If it should rain , the crops would be saved.

② If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.

b.虚拟语气的一些其他用法

（1） 在suggest, propose, advise, demand, desire, require, request, insist, command, order等表示建议、要求和命令的动词后面的宾语从句中，一般用“(should)＋动词原形。”

① I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.

② He ordered that all (should) take part in the work.

③ They insisted that we (should) begin the work at once.

（2） 在由as if (though), so that, in order that 等引导的状语从句中，也往往用虚拟语气。如：

① She loves the child as he were her own.

② Holding his head high, he walked past the pole and the soldiers as if they didn’t exist.

③ The teacher spoke slowly so that the students could (might) hear him clearly.

④ The emperor gave the cheats some gold in order that they might begin their work at once.

但as if（though）后的从句也常用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的。如：

It looks as if our side is going to win.

（3） 虚拟语气用于主语从句

在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“should＋动词原形”，表示惊奇、惋惜、不信任等。如：

① It is necessary (important, natural, desirable, advisable, strange, etc, ) that we should clean the every day.

② It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc. ) that you should be so careless.

③ It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon.

注：以上从句也可用陈述语气来陈述事实，此时，就不需要用虚拟语气。如：

① It is strange that he did not come yesterday.

② It is a pity that you can’t swim.

（4） 虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句

作 advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request 等名词的表语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“（ should ）＋动词原形”。例如：

① We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.

② My idea is that he (should) do exercises first.

（5） 虚拟语气用于简单句中

① 表示说话人谦虚、礼貌或语气委婉 如：

It would be better for you not to stay up too late.

Would you be kind enough to open the door?

You’d better go now.

② may 引导的表示祝愿的句子 如：

May you be happy!

May you succeed!

（6） 虚拟语气常用于以下几个固定句型中

① wish + 宾语从句

I wish it were spring all the year round.

We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

② It is (high) time (that)…

It is time we left (should leave ).

③ If only 引导的感叹句

If only I had taken his advice.

If only I were bird!

④ would rather + clause

I’d rather you paid me now.

I’d rather she hadn’t done that.

下面是近年来的高考题，你能做出来吗？

1. I wonder why Jenny _____us recently. We should have heard her by now.

A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t written

2. I was really anxious about you. You _____home without a word.

A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave

3. Look at the trouble I am in! If only _____your advice.

A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow

4. We _____last night, but we went to the concert instead.

A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study

5. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D were to fall

6. Tou can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____be so rude to a lady.

A. might B. need C. should D. would

（答案: 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C）

（一） 补充练习

I. 用下列动词的适当形式填空

recommend, transmit, panic, scream, allocate, calm down , disrupt , deal with , manage, keep in mind, respond, mean , bleed, witness, choke ,

1. The power developed by the engine is ___________ to the wheels by some important parts.

2. These days the government has been _________ materials and facilities for the new construction project.

3. An accident has __________railway service into and out of the city.

4. I offered him a drink, at first he didn’t__________, but then he shook his head and said he was responsible for the passengers’ safety.

5. He wrapped a scarf around his arm to try to stop the ___________.

6.The child swallowed a pen top and ___________ to death.

7. She saw a rat hiding in the corner of the room and ___________.

8. We ____________ tremendous changes in the city.

9. Your parents never__________ you to spend time like that.

10. One thing all parents should ___________is to keep their child away from the hot stove

11. He is reading a book ___________ West Africa.

12. Just_____________ a bit and everything will be all right.

13. The popular star’s turning up ____________ the audience.

14. The doctor _____________ the patient to do some light manual labor.

15. Who ___________ the supermarket when the owner was away ?

II. 用括号中本单元所学重点词汇或词组，把下列各句翻译成英文。

1. 这些男孩子疯狂地为他们的足球队加油。(cheer )

2．当我看到我哥哥从他的汽车中出来时，我拥抱了他。(hug)

3．他没有在家学习，相反，他去踢球了。(on the contrary)

4．我不认识他，我只是了解他的一点情况。(know about )

5．从南方来时，他发着烧，被送去住院了。(suffer )

6. 这辆汽车撞到那棵树上，翻倒了。(upside down)

7．你应该把这位老师的话记在心里。(keep in mind )

8．气象员说一场暴风雨就要到来。( on the way )

9．有些人在树林里乱扔烟头，那样树林也许会着火的。( catch fire )

10．首先，我们应确保电线是安全的。(make sure )

（四）练习与测试

I. 单项选择

1. Was the door of our office ________ last night ?

A. remained open B. stayed open C. kept open D. left open

2. The doctor _______ me to stay in bed for a couple of days and I did so.

A. suggested B. advised C. persuaded D. insisted on

3. The baby will eat _________ his parents give him.

A. no matter what B. what C. no matter which D. whatever

4. _______ his composition, mine is not good enough.

A. Comparing to B. Compared with C. Be compared with D. Being compared to

5. Much more attention should be ______ to ________ pollution.

A. given; fighting with B. given; fight with

C. paid; the fight against D. paid; the fighting against

6. He as well as his parents ________ not slept all night, completely __________.

A. has; worn out B. have; tired C. have; worn out D. has; tiring

7. He tried to cope with the ever increasing burden of his work, but finally he ______ and had to take a complete rest.

A. broke away B. broke down C. broke out D. broke in

8. Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are certainly ________.

A. imaginary B. imaginable C. imagination D. imagining

9. Do ________ you want to do ________ difficulties you may have.

A. what; whatever B. that; whatever

C. whatever; however D. whatever; what

10. She has two children with another one __________.

A. in the way B. on its way C. on the way D. by the way

11. Mother meant to have taken me along to the party, but I did wrong so she _______ me alone at home.

A. stayed B. left C. had D. remained

12. If he had taken my advice, he _______ a scientist now.

A. will be B. would have been C. has been D. would be

13. She had been working on the maths problem for a long time before a new idea _______ to her.

A. happened B. developed C. occurred D. changed

14. ---How do you know Sarah came from Scotland ?

---Judging from the way _______ she speaks.

A. which B. with which C. to which D. that

15. –Would you like me to turn down the radio a bit ?

--________, I’m used to working with the radio on .

A. no, it isn’t matter B. No, I don’t like it

C. No, it’s all right D. No, don’t mention it

16. They ________ the house and it was burnt down _______ the ground.

A. set fire to; on B. set fire to; to C. burnt ; on D. set on fire ; to

17. –You did so much work today. You must be very tired.

--No, I am not _______ tired.

A. a little B. rather C. fairly D. a bit

18. ___________ I known he needed money so badly, I might have managed to help him.

A. Unless B. When C. If D. Had

19. We must give our first aid to the boy badly _______ in the accident of falling off a bike.

A. injured B. injuring C. having injured D. to be injured

20. If you _______ your homework last night, you _______ us in the game now.

A. had finished; would have joined

B. finished; would have joined

C. have finished; would join

D. had finished; would join

II. 完形填空

. More like at other meals, there is a wide difference in the taste of breakfast eaters. Some people, teenage girls___1__. Prefer to eat no breakfast at __2__ --- or perhaps only a piece of toast and a glass of milk. Many women __3__ only a cup of coffee and a glass of juice, __4_ others eat a hearty morning 5 and watch their calories at lunchtime. Men generally like a ___6___substantial(wealthy) meal, sometimes two or three courses, __7___ fruit, cereal and eggs. Unlike other meals, _8__may, and __9__ be prepared “to order.” That is, if daughter Susie truly dislikes eggs she may be __10__ a dish of cold cereal, but Father should not ___11___ be deprived of(not be given) his fried eggs and bacon.

In __12__ the breakfast table, Mother __13__ out just those utensils(tools for dinner) which will be needed by each person.

A 14 of cold cereals, milk, cream, sugar, salt and pepper, and jams or jellies may be placed 15 the center of the table or on a 16 side table, but 17 is doing the cooking serves the hot food directly onto the plates and 18 them in front of 19 sitting at the table. If your 20 is large enough, a lazy Susan or turntable is most convenient and makes each items reach everyone easily.

1.A accidentally B. directly C. especially D. seldom

2.A. times B. all C. last D. most

3.A. take B. bring C. suck D. ask

4.A. when B. after C. before D. while

5.A. breakfast B. meal C. tea D. food

6.A. more B. less C. much D. little

7.A. having B. to C. plus D. including

8.A. morning B. breakfast C. soup D. eggs

9.A. should B. might C. thus D. so

10.A. fetched B. delivered C. given D. taken

11.A. otherwise B. only C. even D. therefore

12.A. making B. checking C. setting D. fixing

13.A. gives B. puts C. brings D. takes

14.A. lots B. kinds C. variety D. deal

15.A. at B. in C. to D. on

16.A. closed B. pretty C. high D. convenient

17.A. whatever B. whoever C. whichever D. wherever

18.A. place B. places C. take D. takes

19.A. whom B. that C. those D. what

20.A. meal B. plates C. table D. dish

III. 阅读理解

A

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, pretty different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(优先权) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding back with the complexities(复杂) of spelling?

If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will always write only words within his spelling knowledge, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.

I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive(感人的) piece of writing about a personal experience: “This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible.” It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted(忽视) to read the article, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation(呈现) would have given the pupil more motivation(动力) to seek improvement.

1. Teachers are different in their opinions about_______.

A. the difficulties in teaching spelling

B. the role of spelling in general language development

C. the complexities of the basic writing skills

D. the necessity of teaching spelling.

2. The expression “play safe” probably means________.

A. to write carefully B. to do as teachers say

C. to use dictionaries frequently D. to use words one is sure of

3. Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that_______.

A. students will be able to express their ideas more freely

B. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes

C. students will have more confidence in writing

D. students will learn to be independent of teachers

4. The writer seems to think that the teacher’s judgment on their sensitive piece of writing is ______.

A. reasonable B. unfair C. foolish D. careless

5. The major point discussed in the passage is ______.

A. the importance of developing writing skills

B. the complexities of spelling

C. the correct way of marking compositions

D. spelling and the content of a composition

B

FOREIGN EXCHANGE

A CLASS OF THEIR OWN

Name: Susan Lane

Age: 22

Place: Reykjavik, Iceland, 1994.

Cost: $7,000

Organisation: AFS

Experience: “I think it was a turning point in my life. I began to understand more about my own culture by experiencing another culture and seeing how other people live.”

Name: Sara Small

Age: 23

Place: Crivitz, Germany, .

Cost: $8,000

Organisation: EF Foundation

Experience: “I loved the travelling and I made a lot of friends. I found the European school system hard but I am fluent now in German so it was worth it. I did miss my family and friends in Australia but I would love to do it again.“

Name: Leanne Smythe

Age: 20

Place: Minnesota, America, 1994.

Cost: $6,000

Organ Organisation: Southern Cross Cultural Exchange

Experience: “I learnt how to be really responsible. It was great to be on my own and I got on really well with the family I was with. I will definitely go back one day.”

Name: David Links

Age: 16

Place: Stuttgart, Germany, 1996.

Cost: $6,000

Organisation: Southern Cross Cultural Exchange

Experience: “I wanted to try something that was very different to Australia in culture. In Germany everything was different but I soon got settled. The family I was with was great and I really feel as though I have a second family.”

FOREIGN

Name: Linda Marks

Age: 19

Place: Chonburi Province, Thailand, 1994.

Cost: $3,500

Organisation: Rotary International

Experience: “It's like a roller-coaster ride, there are lots of ups and downs, but you always come back for more. I had a few problems but there was always someone to turn to and that was great.”

6. The students who refer to both the good time and the bad time include ________ .

A. Susan Lane and Sara Small B. Linda Marks and David Links

C. Tom Jennings and Linda Marks D. Leanne Smythe and Tom Jennings

7. The writing above would probably be _______.

A. the records of students' activities B. the foreign students' name cards

C. the notice about a visit to foreign countries

D. the advertisement from an international travel service

8. The student who valued learning another language is ________.

A. Linda Marks B. Sara Small

C. Tom Jennings D. Leanne Smythe

9. How many students mention the culture difference they have experienced?

A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.

C

California is proud of being the food and wine capital of the United States. There are certainly a lot of reasons for that belief in places like San Francisco, Berkeley, Santa Monica, La Jolla, and the Wine Country. It's also true that in the countryside, the food is just as likely to be standard “International Food” (i.e. fried chicken and “New York Steaks”) or worse. You can always cheer yourself up by remembering that even out there in the middle of nowhere, the food will still be better than anything you could ever get in England, and at half the price.

California's restaurants and cafes will actually provide you with a pleasant culture surprise. They usually clean, cheap, open useful hours, relatively healthy, and serve reasonable food. Even in the lowest price of places you'll be given a large choice of things like bread, cheese, and coffee. For example, even ordering something as simple as a cheese sandwich with a side salad and coffee, you'll need to be ready to answer the usual questions:

“What kind of bread?” Your choices here are likely to be sourdough (酵头) while, wheat, rye(黑麦), 7-grain, roll, 9-grain, or croissant (新月面包). “Wheat” is always a safe choice. Don't ask for “white” or “brown” bread“ -- there really isn't such a simple thing here; waitresses will roll their eyes and think you're from Iowa.

”What kind of cheese?“ Well, here you're going to have choose from a bunch of unlikely cheese types like ” Swiss,“ ”Cheddar,“ ”Jack,“ or provolone-cheese. ”Swiss,“ by the way, simply means the cheese has holes in it, probably drilled in the Great New Jersey Cheese Factory before it was sent over here by cheese tanker. Always pick ”Jack,“ which at least has the idea of being Californian.

”What kind of salad?” This one's a real killer if you're English and think all salads are just its of lettuce and cucumber with whole tomatoes. “Caesar” or “House” are probably the safest choices here.

“What kind of salad dressing?” Typical choices are “oil and vinegar,” “thousand island,” “ranch,” etc. If you don't know the place, ask for “oil and vinegar.” It's kind of hard to destroy something so simple. But it happens.

10. Which city is regarded as the food and wine capital of the United States?

A. Berkeley. B. San Francisco. C. California. D. New York.

11. What does “a pleasant culture surprise” mean? It means _____.

A. a good time B. cheap and reasonable food

C. have many different choices to order food, even the common one.

D. a surprise to find some food.

12. Which is the favorite kind of bread in California?

A. Wheat. B. White. C. Jack. D. Brown.

13. According to the passage, which is right?

A. There are many kinds of food in California.

B. The restaurants in California are cheaper and more comfortable.

C. You should know some special names of habits in California, so you can't make mistakes.

D. None of the above.

D

Every living cell contains genes(基因). They are too small to be seen in a microscope, but they are vitally important. Each set of genes in the body contains all the instructions needed to make a human being. Some genes determine hair color. Some determine the shape of a nose. Some genes help determine your height and even your weight.

Genes are made of a chemical called DNA --- the letters stand for deoxyribonucleic acid. In the early 1950’s two scientists, Francis Grick and James Watson figured out how the parts of DNA fit together. Once scientists understood this structure, it became possible to take pieces of DNA apart and put them together in new ways. New kinds of genes could be made in this manner.

Scientists have studied the genes of many plants and animals. They have worked out which genes affect the color of a tomato and the thickness of its skin. Working out which genes determine which features is called genetic mapping, scientists have begun the Human Genome Project, an ambitious effort to map all the genes in the human body.

Some genes may be defective. For example , something might be wrong with the gene that makes blood clot (凝聚). An individual born with this defective gene could suffer serious hemorrhages (出血) or even bleed to death because his or her blood fails to clot. If scientists ever find a child has any defective genes, they might even discover how to treat these genes before the child is born.

14. What was the achievement of Francis Crick and James Watson ?

A. They discovered why people have different hair colors

B. They learned that some people bleed for long periods of time.

C. They looked at human cells under the microscope.

D. They worked out the structure of DNA

15. What is the main idea of this passage ?

A. Defective genes can never be repaired

B. Genes are too small to be seen through a microscope.

C. Genes help scientists understand how living things develop their characteristics (特点)

D. The Human Genome Project may explain the role of every gene in the body

16. Which of the following statement is a fact ?

A. Genes help determine your height and weight

B. Genetic engineering is the most important scientific discovery of the last 25 years

C. It is dangerous to make changes in genes

D. Supermarkets should not sell genetically engineered food

E

We had hardly got above the clouds over the airport when a calm voice said over the loudspeaker: “For technical reasons we shall be returning immediately to London Airport. Please keep your seatbelts fastened.”

I was rather surprised and glanced at the old lady next to me. She had been very chatty while we were waiting to take off.

“I’m going to New York to visit some relatives there. I always sleep wonderfully well whenever I get into a plane,” she had told me.

And indeed, she seemed to be in a very deep sleep already.

Just then a passenger behind me shouted: “Oh, my God! The wing’s on fire.”

I looked out of the window and my blood froze. Smoke and flames were pouring out of one of the engines. The plane was already turning and losing altitude fast.

“ What’s happening? Are we going to crash?” an American in front of me demanded.

The cabin crew were already moving up and down the aisle（走道）, reassuring people, saying things like: “ It’s just all right. There’s no need to worry. Now, if you just sit still, everything will be all right. Don’t get up. Don’t get upset.”

I looked out again. The ground was rushing up at us with shocking speed. We were already so low that I could make out cars and even people.

“ It’s only a slight emergency,” a stewardess told me with a tense smile.

Suddenly there was a sickening bump and we were rushing along the runway at a terrifying speed. The brakes screeched（尖叫）. The engines roared even more loudly. We came to a trembling stop. The cabin crew flung open emergency exits and the passengers began sliding down huge, stocking-like chutes (滑道)to the ground. A fire engine was already putting out the fire in that one engine. I had to shake the old lady violently to wake her up.

“ What’s wrong? Surely the journey isn’t over already! I mean, have we got to New York?” she asked sleepily.

17. When did the emergency occur?

A. We are not told. B. Just before the plane landed in New York.

C. Shortly after the plane took off. D. Sometime in the middle of the flight.

18. When the author saw the smoke and flames he _____.

A. told the others to keep calm B. demanded to know what was happening

C. became extremely frightened. D. thought it was only a slight emergency.

19. During the emergency, the cabin crew _____.

A. were very active and kept people calm

B. did hardly anything at all

C. looked very worried and upset.

D. kept smiling brightly

20. When they landed, the old lady _____.

A. was one of the first to get out

B. asked when they were going on to New York

C. was shaking violently with fear

D. was not even sure where they were

VI. 短文改错

I always have a difficult time choosing presents, but strange 1. ________

enough, it didn’t take me long to decide on my wife’s birthday 2. ________

present-I’ll buy her a record player. At the party, she suggested 3. _______

I unpacked it and put on some records. I set it up but it refused 4. ________

to work, so I decided to fix it. Soon crowd gathered to watch 5. ________

me, and I could hear all sort of “helpful” suggestions like “Try 6. ________

winding it up!” “The speakers are upside down!” Suddenly I had 7. ________

realized the problem-I hadn’t plugged it in, so now I had to wait 8. ________

until nobody was looking at. When the music started, I heard someone 9. ________

say to my wife, “Your husband’s a genius!” He fixed them!” 10. _______

V. 书面表达

一位中学生在自己班级就校服问题进行了调查，下面是对部分学生调查的统计表，请参照该表写一篇题为 “ Report on the Survey about Our School Uniform” 的报告。

Groups Opinions Percentage Reasons

A Like 60 1、舒服，颜色不错

2、表明学生身份、平等、不敢时髦

B Dislike 30 1、不舒服、颜色单调

2、式样不好看，过时

3、不能展示个性

C No idea 10

注意：1. 报告必须包括表中主要内容，可适当增加细节，使内容连贯。

2. 词数：100 左右。

3. 参考词汇：赶时髦follow the fashion 调查 survey

[解题指导]

此类表格式往往提供两种以上的情况或观点，但表达时相对要简单得多。因为有很多句式基本相同。但考生切记尽量不要采用同一种句式。如：60 % of them say…, 30% of them say… , 10 % of them say… 。这样显得单调乏味，缺乏创意，甚至影响得分。

另外，表格类书面表达最好能依据所提供信息类别自然形成段落，这样层次清楚，段落分明，信息相对集中。同时也相对减少了句与句之间的连接所带来的困难。如：第一段介绍调查内容和背景； 第二段是赞同意见；第三段是反对意见；最后是其它情况或总结概括。

第十三单元

（三）补充练习

I.

1.transmitted 2. allocating 3.disrupted 4.respond 5.bleeding 6.choked , 7.screamed 8.witnessed 9.meant 10.keep in mind 11.dealing with 12. calm down 13.panicked 14.recommended 15.managed

II.

1. The boys cheered wildly for their football team.

2. When I saw my brother out of his car, I gave him a hug.

3. He didn’t study at home, on the contrary, he went to play football.

4. I don’t know him, I only know about him.

5. When he came from the south, he suffered fever and was taken to hospital.

6. The car hit the tall tree and was upside down.

7. You should keep in mind what the teacher said.

8. The weatherman said that a storm was on the way.

9. Some people throw cigarette ends every where in the forest, which may catch fire.

10. First of all, we should make sure that the electric wire is safe.

（四）练习与测试

I . 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10.C

11.B 12.D 13.C 14.D 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. D

II. 1. C 2. B 3.A 4. D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C

11. D 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.D 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.C

III. 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C

11.C 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.C 19.A 20.D

IV.

I always have a difficult time choosing presents, but strange 1. strangely

enough, it didn’t take me long to decide on my wife’s birthday 2. ______

present-I’ll buy her a record player. At the party, she suggested 3. I’d

I unpacked it and put on some records. I set it up but it refused 4. unpack

to work, so I decided to fix it. Soon crowd gathered to watch 5. a

me, and I could hear all sort of “helpful” suggestions like “Try 6. sorts

winding it up!” “The speakers are upside down!” Suddenly I had 7. had

realized the problem-I hadn’t plugged it in, so now I had to wait 8. but

until nobody was looking at. When the music started, I heard someone 9. at

say to my wife, “Your husband’s a genius!” He fixed them!” 10. it

V.

Report on the Survey about Our School Uniform

I did a survey about our school uniform. I asked some of my classmates what they thought about our uniform.

The majority like it. 60% of them say it is very fashionable and the colour is nice. They think it is neat and tidy and a symbol for students. In some students’ opinion, when they wear our uniforms, they feel equal and no need to follow fashion.

On the other hand, 30% of them don’t like the school uniform. They feel it is uncomfortable and the colour is too dull. Some consider it old-fashioned. In the eyes of those students, its style is very simple.

The rest of them have no ideas about it.

篇9：语文一年级下册第十三单元

北师大版语文一年级下册第十三单元

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篇10：高三英语第二十二单元

科目 英语

年级 高三

文件 high3 unit22.doc

标题 Bees

章节 第二十二单元

关键词 高三英语第二十二单元

内容

一、教法建议

【抛砖引玉】

通过本单元的学习，同学们可以了解到蜜蜂传递信息的方法，培养他们认真观察的能力，激发对科学研究的兴趣。

单元双基学习目标

Ⅰ. 词汇学习

amazing , spot , surround , astonishment , to one’s astonishment , troop , downward

Ⅱ. 交际英语

Prohibitions and warnings (禁止与警告)

1. You can’t / Mustn’t do ……

2. If you …… , you will ……

3. You had better not do ……

4. Don’t smoke .

5. No noise , please .

6. Look out ! / Take care ! / Br careful !

7. Make sure you lock the door when you leave !

8. Mind the wet paint !

9. Mind your own business ! 别管闲事 ！

10. Watch out where you are walking .

Ⅲ. 语法学习

复习定语从句和同位语从句的用法。

【指点迷津】

kind of 与 sort of

※ 表示“种、类”的意思时，kind 和 sort 同意，可有下列一些结构。

1 . kind ( sort ) of 后可接单数名词或复数名词，动词用单数形式。例如：

This kind of question ( questions ) is not easy .

2 . 也可修饰不可数名词。

That kind of food is too expensive .

3 . 口语中，常习惯说 These kind ( s ) of + 单数或复数名词，动词用复数。因其结构不太严谨，在书面语中常改用另一种说法。试比较：

These kind ( s ) of flower ( s ) are very beautiful .

Flowers of this kind ( sort ) are very beautiful .

These kinds of deer are very rare .

Deer of this kind are very rare . 这种鹿非常罕见。

4 . 纵上所述，这类句子有六种说法，归纳如下：

A：口语说法有：

这种自行车是上海造的。

These kind of bikes are made in Shanghai .

These sorts of bikes are made in Shanghai .

These kinds of bike are made in Shanghai .

B：标准说法有：

这类事情常常能听到。

This sort of thing is often heard about .

This sort of things is often heard about .

Things of this sort are often heard about .

5 . 还应注意，在修饰不定代词时，this kind ( sort ) 常放在不定代词之后。例如：

I have never heard of anything of this kind .

※ a kind of…与…of a kind

1 . a kind of 表示“一种……”的意思。但并非都可译为“一种……”的意思。但并非都可译为“一种”，当有时由于对所说事物 ( 人 ) 不能确定其真正含义时，常常译成“大致可以说成是……”，“类似 ……的东西”。例如：

He is a kind ( sort ) of genius (天才) .

At the same time another kind of paper was developed . 同时另一种纸也被研制出来。

2 . …of a kind ( sort ) , 也有很多不同的含义。表示“同种类的”，“徒有其名的，劣质的，勉强算是……的”等意思。例如：

Things of a kind come together . 物以类聚。

You bought some tea leaves of a sort yesterday . 你昨天买了什么劣质茶叶。

The boss gave his workers rice of a kind . 那老板给工人们吃极差的米饭。

※ kind ( sort ) 用于复数，也可用 of kinds ( sorts ) 形式。应注意修饰 kinds ( sorts ) 的形容词也应放在 of 之后。例如：

People eat different kinds of food ( food of different kinds ) which change into energy。

He saw all kinds ( every kind ) of people ( people of all kinds/every kind . )

单元重点词汇点拨

1. amazing令人惊异的；了不起的

The new car goes at an astonishing speed .

〖点拨〗amazing可以作形容词。amazed作形容词是“被惊异”。amazement是名词“惊异，惊愕”。常用词组有：to one’s amazement使某人惊异的是…… 。如：

I was amazed to find him there as well .

To my amazement I came first .

2. surround围绕，包围

Mystery surrounded the actress’s death . 女演员之死笼罩着神秘的气氛。

〖点拨〗该词常用于被动语态。surrounding是形容词“周围的，附近的”。如：

The wall surrounds the church . = The church is surrounded by / with the wall .

We found the village surrounded by a river .

The old man sat there telling stories , surrounded by some children .

The beauty of the surrounding scenery is beyond description .

另外，surrounding还常用复数形式表示“环境，周围的事物”。如：

She likes to bring up her child in healthy surroundings . 她希望在健康的环境中养育孩子。

单元词组思维运用

1. varieties of多种多样的

2. live in large groups群居

3. communicate with sb与某人交流信息

4. work with bees = make a study of bees = do research on bees 研究蜜蜂

5. to the left 向左 。on the left在左边

6. mark sth blue把某物标成蓝色记号

7. come to light被发现

8. set out to do sth = set about doing sth着手干……

9. fly through the air在空中飞行

10. be away on holiday外出研究

11. improve one’s understanding of增进对……的了解

12. out of the research of够不着的地方

二、学海导航

【学法指要】

单元难点疑点思路明晰

1.There are also other varieties that do not live in groups at all . 还有些蜂根本不群居。

〖明晰〗(1)variety n.变化：多样化；种种；种类。如：a variety of fruits各种水果， make a choice from three varieties of whisky 从3种威士忌酒中作一选择， a life full of variety丰富多彩的生活，different varieties of plant不同种类的植物。

(2)in groups 一组一组的；一群一群的。in large groups大批地。

2.…many more came to it one after another in a short time . 不一会儿，越来越多的蜜蜂很快就来了。

〖明晰〗(1)one after another一个接一个地（着重表达连续性，且是三者以上）， 不时变 形为one…after another。但one after the other 一个接一个地（常指两个间的连续动作），有时也变形为one…after the other。而one by one 一个一个地，依次地（不着重连续性，而着重逐个，各个）如：

They entered the meeting-room one after another.

他们一个一个地进了会议室。

We destroyed the enemy forces one by one.我们各个地歼不敌军。

(2)in a short time 很快，不久。in such a short time 在如此短时间内。

3. Von Frisch wanted to find out whether the dance told them how far away the feeding place was . 冯．弗里施想要弄清楚这种舞是否告诉它们喂食的地方离得有多远。

〖明晰〗how far away有多远距离（带与静态性动词连用）。而how far多远（多与移动性动词连用）。如：

How far did you go?你走了多远?

How far away do you live?你住得多远?

4.The dancer ran in a straight line, wagging from side to side . 跳舞的蜜蜂沿着直线跑，边跑边左右摇摆。

〖明晰〗(1)in a straight line 以直线的方式。in 常用于表达形式、方式、排列等，译作 “按照，以，符合于”。 如：stand in a circle 站成圆圈， speak in a whisper低声讲话，run in threes and fours三五成群的跑，in a good order井井有条地，in my opinion/view以我之见。

(2)from side to side从一侧到另一侧；左右地。 已学过的类似无结构还有：from mouth to mouth 口口相传，from sun to sun 从日出到日落， from door to door沿门，挨家挨户地，from day to day日复一日地，from end to end从头至 尾(=from cover to cover), from hand to hand从一人之手到队人之手， from time时常，不时。

5. Back at the hive they watched the wagging dance closely . 他们回到蜂房旁，密切注视着摇摆舞。

〖明晰〗closely密切地。close 既可作形容词表“密切的”又可作副词表“紧紧地”亲近地。 象这种有两种形式的副词在使用中应注意：一般与形容词同形的副词不能用在动词 之前，而带-ly的副词可以；与形容词同形的副词不能置于It be…that强调句型中，而带-ly的副词则可以；表示距离远近、物体高度、深度及宽度时，与形容词同形的副词往往表具体含义；而加-ly的副词表抽象意义。又如：

We flew high in the sky.我们在高空飞行。

We think highly of their research.我们对他们的研究评价很高。

6. He set out to discover whether the wagging dance showed direction . 他开始着手发现这种摇摆舞是否表明方向。

〖明晰〗set out to do 开始干/set about doing开始干/set off for 出发到某地；使燥炸

7.sit up for sb; sit up with sb; sleep late; stay late; stay up

〖明晰〗(1)sit up for sb深夜不睡以等待某人；sit up with sb 熬夜照看（或护理）某人。如：He sat up for his son, who sat up with his sick mother-in-law.

他深夜不睡等待儿子回家，他的儿子通宵未睡照看生病的岳母。

(2)sleep late睡懒觉；stay late（或stay up late）很晚才睡觉。如：

I wonder why Tom never sleeps late and Mike always stays up late.

我纳闷的是为何汤姆总是不睡懒觉，约翰又为何总是很晚睡觉。

8.put aside, put away, lay up

〖明晰〗以上三个词组在作“存钱”之意时，可互换。如：

(NMET 96)It's wise to have some money put away(或：laid up, put aside) for old age.为养老而储蓄些钱是明智之举。

但put aside着重“把……放到边”暂不去动它，或不现做某事，而put away着重“ 把……收藏起来”以便以后使用。如：

Put your books aside. We are going to have a dictation.

把收放在一边，我们来听写。

Put all the instruments away on the shelf so that they won't yet broken.

把这些仪器收起来放到书架上以免打破了。

9.put an end to; put a stop to

〖明晰〗(1)put an end to 使结束，使终止，使消灭。如：

That accident put an end to his life.那次事故断送了他的命。

(2)Put a stop to=bring sth to a stop使……停下来（说明只是停止， 而不是终结）。如：

It's raining hard, we have to put a stop to the work.

雨下得很大，我们只好停工。

10.owe sb sth; owe sth to sb

〖明晰〗owe sb sth欠某人债务；应向某人表达……。如：

I owe her 20 yuan=I owe 20 yuan to her.我欠她20元。

We owe you an apology(=we owe an apology to you)我们应向您道歉。

owe sth to sb还可表达：应把……归功于……。如：

We owe our happy life to our Party.(注意这时不能改换为：we owe our party our happy life.)我们的幸福生活归功于党。

11.of one's own; on one's own

〖明晰〗of one's own“自己的”，常作定语。on one's own“独自地，独立地”， 常作状语。如：

We have a house of our own.我们自己有一座房屋。

He directs the film on his own.他独自导演那部影片。

【妙文赏析】

A Bad Neighbor

Mr . and Mrs . Wu were fed up with their neighbor . He was always borrowing things from them .

“ It's not right , ”Mr . Wu said to his wife one evening . “ At some time or another that man has borrowed nearly everything we have . Almost every day he comes over to borrow something . ”

“ You're quite right , ”his wife replied , “ and most of the thing he's never returned . ”

“ What I want to know , ”her husband said , “ is why can't he buy the things he needs , like everyone else ? ”

“ Because people like us are foolish enough to lend him what he needs , ”she replied . “ As long as we are willing to lend , he'll keep on borrowing . ”

“ Then we'll never lend him anything again , ”Mr . Wu said . “ The next time he asks to borrow something , I'll say no . ”

“ We must have a good reason for saying no , ”his wife said , “ and we must always try to be polite to him . We don't want to make an enemy of the man . ”

It was not long before their decision not to lend their neighbor anything ever again was put to the test .

The next morning there was a knock on the door .

Mr . Wu went to answer it .

Their neighbor was standing there . Mr . Wu knew he was going to ask to borrow something , and was ready to refuse him politely .

“ Good morning , ”their neighbor said , “ I'm sorry to trouble you , but I wonder if I could borrow your garden scissors . ”

“ I'm sorry , ”Mr . Wu said , “ but I'm afraid my wife and I will be using them today . We'll be spending all day working in the garden . ”

“ Oh , I see , ”the neighbor said , “ in that case , may I borrow your golf clubs ? You won't be needing them if you're working in the garden all day , will you ? ”

【思维体操】

1. If you were to throw a stone into the Red Sea , what would it become ?

2. What is a boxer’s motto ?

3. What’s a 747’s motto ?

4. What’s every baby’s motto ?

答案：1. wet 2. If at first you don’t succeed , try , try again . 3. If at first you don’t succeed , fly , fly again . 4. If at first you don’t succeed , cry , cry again .

三、智能显示

【心中有数】

单元语法发散思维

测试中的定语从句疑难点

※ 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词要和先行词的性、数保持一致。如：

This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens .

He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French .

注意： which 引导非限制性定语从句时，往往代表前面所说的整个情况。这时 which 被看作单数，其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。如：

He said he a Frenchman , which was not true .

※ whose 引导定语从句时，从句前的先行词可以指人，也可以指物。如：

A young man from our school , whose name I have forgotten , has gone to Scotland .

This is the desk , whose legs we have repaired . (whose legs 可改为 the legs of which)

※ 介词 + 关系代词

1 . 根据动词选择介词。有些定语从句中的介词本身是从句的一部分，这样的介词可位于关系代词前，也可位于关系代词后，如：

I don't know the foreigner with whom my teacher shook hands .

(或 I don't know the foreigner(whom) my teacher shook hands with . )

但要注意：who 和 that 不能直接位于介词后作宾语；有的短语动词是不能拆开的，因为这些介词存在于关系密切的固定短语中，常见的这类短语有：look for , look after 等，如：

This is the pencil that Ma Lili is looking for . (对)

This is the pencil for which Ma Lili is looking . (错)

2 . 根据先行词选择介词。介词和先行词之间构成习惯搭配，此时，介词一般位于关系代词之前，它和从句中的动词不存在逻辑或意义上的关系，如：

He stood by the window , through which he could see what was happening outside . (the window 是介词 through 的逻辑宾语)

3 . 有时，介词 + 关系代词可转换为关系副词，这样的关系副词一般为 when , why , where。如：

This is the house in which (=where) Chairman Mao once lived .

Everyone knows the reason for which (=why) the High Dam was built .

I still remember the day on which (=when) we visited the temple .

※ 选用定语从句的引导词时，不能只看先行词，重要的是看引导词在从句中充当什么成份。如：

The evening that people spent singing and playing music was exciting . (充当宾语)

The Summer Palace , where we spent last Sunday , is a famous place . (作状语)

The islands of Britain that we visited last year are made up of four parts . (作宾语)

※ 避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的部分不可在从句中复现。如：

The factory where he works there is a large one . (应去掉 there)

This is the factory which we visited it last Sunday . (应去掉 it)

※ 注意关系代词的省略。

1 . 关系代词作主语不能省略。

2 . 作动词宾语的关系代词，可以省略；作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略，如果直接作介词的宾语，不能省略。

3 . 关系代词 which 在非限制性定从句中作宾语也不能省略。

4 . reason , way 后的关系词可省可不省，如：

This is the reason(for which / why /that) he came last for class .

I don't like the was(in which / that) he talks .

【动脑动手】

单元能力立体检测

定语从句多项选择专练

1 . Finally the thief handed ____ he had stolen to the police .

A . everything B . that C . which D . all

2 . This is the highest building ____ .

A . we have ever built in out school B . that has ever been built since 1994

C . where all the senior students will live D . built for us to live in

3 . The building ____ are bright at night is our school library .

A . which B . whose windows C . where D . the windows of which

4 . The girl ____ is our new English teacher .

A . you spoke to B . that you talked

C . of whom hair is beautiful D . you said something to

5 . She has two daughters , .

A . two of them are bright B . neither of whom works as a teacher

C . who are both workers D . both of whom have gone to college

6 . The person ____ is a professor .

A . who is talking to the shop assistant B . that the shop assistant is talking to

C . whom you are talking D . with who they are talking

7 . That is the office ____ my mother once worked .

A . which B . in which C . when D . where

8 . The skirt is mine , ____ .

A . whose colour is blue B . that I bought last year

C . which cost me twenty yuan D . whose colour I am interested in

9 . The washing machine ____ works well .

A . I bought last Thursday B . my mother is eager to buy

C . whose sides are all white D . that is made in Shanghai

10 . Shanghai is the very place ____ .

A . which the foreigners are interested in B . the foreigners are eager to visit

C . where live a lot of foreigners D . what the foreigners like to stay at

11 . Joan is one of the best writers ____ .

A . who are thought highly of

B . whose books the people in the world enjoy very much

C . who have published a lot of books

D . that has been given medals

12 . the two friends met again , and they talked about a lot of things and persons ____ they could remember at college .

A . who B . whom C . which D . that

13 . He is ____ everyone likes to work with .

A . one B . the one that C . the person D . whom

14 . This is the modern hotel ____ the visitors can enjoy all good things .

A . which B . in which C . that D . where

15 . The earth goes round the sun , ____ even a child knows .

A . which B . that C . as D . it

16 . The railway bridge _____ will be finished in two days .

A . which is being built now B . where we visited yesterday

C . we visited yesterday D . where there are a lot of busy workers

17 . Is that laboratory _____ ?

A . the one that we visited yesterday B . where we visited yesterday

C . the one we visited yesterday D . that we visited yesterday

18 . Is that the laboratory ____ yesterday ?

A . we visited B . where we saw the professor

C . the one we visited D . which we visited

答案：1. AD 2. ACD 3. BD 4. AD 5. BCD 6. AB 7. BD 8. ACD 9. ABCD 10. BCD 11. ABC 12. D 13. BC 14. BD 15. AC 16. ACD 17. AC 18. ABD

【创新园地】

下面是一些同学们在英语书面表达中经常译错的句子，出错的原因是易受汉语思维的影响。请你试一试。

1 . 我昨天收到了你的来信。

2. 感谢您的邀请

3. 在我住在你们家中期间，你们给了我许多帮助。

4. 如果你有空的话，请到我们的城市来参观。

5. 祝您成功。

6. 祝您旅游愉快。

7. 今晚将要举行英语晚会。

（请同学们写好后把答案反馈给我们）

【创新园地】答案：

1. I heard from you yesterday . / I received /got your letter yesterday . 或者：Your letter reached me yesterday

2 . Thank you fro your invitation .

3 . While / When I stayed in your home , you gave me a lot of help .

4 . Please come to our city for a visit if you have time . / Please come to our city to visit if it is convenient to you .

5 . I wish you to succeed . / I wish you successful . / I wish you success .

6 . May you have a good trip . / A good journey to you .

7 . There will be an English evening party this evening . An English evening party will be held this evening .

【同步题库】

Unit 22

一、从下列A、B、C、D 中选出一个最佳答案。

1. My father persuaded me not to time TV all day and all night .

A. waste ; to see B. spend ; to watching C. waste ; watching D. cost ; to see

2. Did you watch the TV broadcast of the football match last night ?

A. live B. alive C. living D. lively

3. She must have known the result of her maths exam , she ?

A. mustn't B. haven't C. hasn't D. isn't

4. The manager is over there . Why not make yourself him ?

A. know about B. known to C. known by D. known as

5. I'm glad to see you here . But in fact , I know you .

A. don't ; are coming B. don't ; have come

C. didn’t ; came D. didn't ; were coming

6. These wet clothes should to dry .

A. hung up B. be hung up C. hang up D. be hanged up

7. ，we plant young trees . And the young trees grow taller .

A. Year after year ; year after year B. Year by year ; year by year

C. Year by year ; year after year D. Year after year ; year by year

8. She is a good student . She is always the first to school and the last school .

A. comes ; leaves B. to come ; to leave C. coming ; leaving D. come ; leave

9. The museum they visited last week the 15th century .

A. dates from B. dates back from C. dates since D. dating back to

10. Thinking you know in fact you don't is a terrible mistake .

A. that ; what B. that ; that C. what ; that D. what ; what

11. I feel like in the fresh air after supper , but I'd like at home today .

A. to walk ; to stay B. walking ; staying

C. to walk ; staying D. walking ; to stay

12. - Where are you from ?

- .

A. I'm British B. I speak English

C. I was born in Ireland D. I used to live in Wales

13. The that the church is great .

A. part ; makes B. parts ; plays C. part ; plays D. role , play

14. The girl took of the two oranges and gave one to her brother .

A. smaller ; bigger B. the small ; the big

C. the smallest ; the biggest D. the smaller ; the bigger

15. To be honest , that problem made me .

A. puzzled ; puzzled B. puzzling ; puzzling

C. puzzled ; puzzling D. puzzling ; puzzled

16. Everything must be ready . Chairman Zhang in ten minutes .

A. will arrive B. is about to arrive

C. is possible to arrive D. is probable to arrive

17. My cousin went abroad , that is , .

A. in his thirties ; in the 1990S B. in his thirty ; in the 1999

C. at the age of 30 ; in 1999s D. at thirty ; in 1990's

18. You won't get well unless you the doctor's advice .

A. hear B. listen C. follow D. receive

19. Our headmaster would like with the boy Henry .

A. to have words ; whose name is B. having a talk ; with the name of

C. have a word ; his name is D. to have a word ; named

20. - How are you getting along with your work ?

- I haven't made I should .

A. so more progress as B. as much progress as

C. as many progress as D. much progress like

二、完形填空。

We are often warned by our teachers not to waste time because time (1) will never return . I think it quite (2) . What does time look (3) ? Nobody knows , and we can't see it or touch it and no (4) of money can buy it . Time is abstract , so we have to (5) about it .

Time passed very quickly . (6) students say they don't have (7) time to review their lessons . It is (8) they don't know how to make (9) of their time . They waste it in going to theatres or parks , and (10) other useless things . Why do we study every day ? Why do we work ? Why do most people (11) take buses instead of walking ? The answer is very (12) . We wish to save time because time is (13) .

Today we are (14) in the 20th century . We (15) time as life . When a person dies , his life ends . Since life is short , we must (16) our time and energy to our studies so that we (17) be able to serve the people well in the future . Laziness is the (18) of time , for it not only brings us (19) , but also does other (20) to us . If it is (21) for us to do our work today , (22) us do it today and not (23) it until tomorrow . (24) that time is much more (25) .

1. A. lost B. passed C. missed D. used

2. A. important B. true C. common D. terrible

3. A. for B. like C. after D. over

4. A. amount B. quality C. quantity D. price

5. A. think B. imagine C. examine D. check

6. A. Such B. Some C. Sometime D. Most

7. A. spare B. free C. enough D. much

8. A. reasonable B. why C. because D. certain

9. A. good B. use C. something D. up

10. A. doing B. making C. taking D. getting

11. A. ought to B. have to C. would rather D. had better

12. A. easy B. simple C. obvious D. clear

13. A. worthless B. priceless C. limiting D. little

14. A. working B. living C. struggling D. advancing

15. A. look upon B. use C. think D. believe

16. A. devote B. spend C. give D. set

17. A. must B. should C. may D. can

18. A. helper B. thief C. butcher D. companion

19. A. wealth B. health C. failure D. illness

20. A. danger B. harm C. trouble D. difficulty

21. A. successful B. convenient C. necessary D. important

22. A. help B. let C. make D. have

23. A. keep B. remain C. repeat D. leave

24. A. Remember B. Think C. Realize D. Save

25. A. valuable B. expensive C. worth D. fragile

三、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

（一）

There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters (匪徒) in return for “protection” . If the money was not paid immediately , the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop . Getting “protection money” is not a modern means . As long ago as the fourteenth century , an Englishman , Sir John Hawkwood , made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters .

Then Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a group of soldiers and settled near Florence . He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto . Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other , Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to those who were willing to pay the high price he demanded . In times of peace , when business was bad , Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and , after burning down a few farms , would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them , Hawkwood made large sums of money with this method . In spite of this , the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero . When he died at eighty , the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had his picture painted , which was in memory of “this bravest man” .

1. What protection did Chicago gangsters give to those who paid them ?

A. They saved those people's businesses from destruction .

B. They left those people's business unharmed much .

C. They sent soldiers to serve them no matter what help they needed willingly .

D. They didn't take those people's lives

2. Sir John Hawkwood's Italian name ‘ Giovanni Acuto ’ was one which .

A. he gave himself in order to become better known to the Italians

B. he earned through his sharp practice of selling his‘protection’

C. he needed so as to hire his soldiers to Italians

D. was given him in telling his services to the others'

3. The Italians regarded Hawkwood as a sort of hero .

A. because they couldn't help admiring his bravery and boldness

B. as he aided the citizens in peacetime when business was bad for them

C. he had played an important role in their daily life

D. for he lived so long and was given a state funeral by the Florentines

4. From the passage , we can guess the gangsters were those .

A. who were of great importance to the poor

B. who made the businessmen do whatever they were in need of

C. who were always ready to be sent abroad

D. who did harm to others

5. According to the writer , Hawkwood was .

A. a sort of national hero B. an experienced leader

C. a brave soldier D. a noble gangster

（二）

The sun had gone behind a cloud . I was very tired and wanted nothing in the world so much as to be at home . At last I got to the gate of Hide Park . But this was worse than ever ; there were buses there - high and terribly red cars , taxis and still more buses in an endless line . Everywhere there were people hurrying past or waiting to get into the buses , while I stood lost in the middle of them .

I was ready to cry . In despair, I crossed the street on to an “island”,where I found a policeman . I took my last bit of courage in both hands and said , “Please , sir , where is Addison Road ? ” He began to explain , but when he saw that I couldn't understand he became helpless , too . “Are you French at school ?” A few minutes later , he smiled and raised his hand . How wonderful ! The traffic stopped . Even the red buses stood still and waited until I had crossed the road .

6. That is the most probable reason why she was tired out .

A. it had been very hot by then

B. the writer had been standing lost for a long time

C. the writer had been completely lost

D. the writer had been wandering in the park for a long time

7. Because the writer was made so worn out , .

A. she wanted nothing on earth but her home

B. she thought it perfect to stay at home

C. she would never leave her home at all

D. she didn't get to the park on time

8. In this passage “island”means .

A. a piece of land surrounded by water

B. a raised place in a busy street where people may be safe from traffic

C. a safe place that can only be used by policemen

D. a safe place that nobody can use without permission

9. Why did the traffic stop ? Because .

A. all the drivers could understand French

B. perhaps a certain driver had broken the traffic rules

C. all the drivers knew the policeman very well

D. the policeman was directing the traffic

10. In which country do you think the story happened ?

A. Switzerland . B. France .

C. England . D. A certain non-English speaking country .

四、短文改错

Mr. Wang is my physics teacher . He has 1.75 metres 1.

in the height . He was born on November 4 , 1952 . So 2.

he is a middle-aged man . Mr. Wang graduated Qinghua 3.

University in 1978 . After graduation , he becomes a middle 4.

school teacher . He has been taught physics for 20 years . 5.

He is a success as a teacher . He has been given a 6.

lot of honors . He is not only a good teacher in the 7.

physics but also speak English and Russian very well . 8.

In his spare time , he likes reading books , collect 9.

stamps and listening music . Also , Mr. Wang is kind-hearted . 10.

We all like and respect him .

【同步题库】答案一、 1. C 。2. A 。live “实况的”。 3. C 。对过去肯定推测的反意疑问句用have 与主语相一致。4. B 。5. D 。对说话前动作的陈述。6. B 。7. D 。8. B。序数词后常用不定式作定语。9. A 。date from = date back to 。10. A 。11. D 。12. A 。13. C 。该句是为强调part而使其提置句首，后跟that定语从句。play a part / role in 在……起作用；扮演……角色。14. D 。“the + 比较级 + of + the two + 复数名词”表“两者中最……”。15. D 。puzzling “令人迷惑的”，puzzled“被迷惑的”。16. A 。“be about to”不与表将来的时间状语连用。17. A 。18. C 。follow / take one's advice 听取……的意见， ask for one's advice征求…… 的意见。19. D 。have a word / talk with 和……聊一聊，have words with sb = quarrel with sb 和……争吵。 20. B 。二、1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5 B 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20.B 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 三、 1 - 5 DBADD 6 - 10 DBBDC 四、 1. has 改为 is 2. 去掉 the 3. graduated 后加 from 4. becomes 改为 became 5. taught 改为 teaching 6. 对 7. 去掉 the 8. speak 改为 speaks 9. collect 改为 collecting 10. listening 后加 to

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