【导语】以下是小编收集整理的考研英语二试题答案(共9篇),欢迎阅读与借鉴。

篇1:考研英语二试题答案
完形填空
1. concluded
2. protective
3. Likewise
4. indicator
5. concern
6. in terms of
7. equals
8. in turn
9. straightforward
10. while
11. shape
12. qualify
13. normal
14. tendency
15. pictured
16. associated
17. Even
18. grounded
19. policies
20. against
阅读理解
Text 1
21. B A special tour
22. A critical
23. D rarity generally increases pleasure
24. B may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
25. A balance feeling good and spending money
Text 2
26. A our self-ratings are unrealistically high
27. C intuitive response
28. B believe in their attractiveness
29. A instinctively
30. D withhold their unflattering sides
Text 3
31. A shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American
32. C The tear shedder's apology and the observer's effort to stop the crying.
33. C producing disastrous impact
34. B It must have a role to play in man's survival.
35. A Emotional tears have the function of reduction of reducing stress.
Text 4
36. B involves certain political factors
37. C suffered government biases
38. A allow greater government debt for housing
39. C contribute to funding new developments
40. D stop generous funding to the housing sector
新题型
41. D represents the elegance of the British land art.
42. E depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.
43. G contains images from different parts of the same photograph.
44. C reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition
45. F embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoor.
英译汉
在大部分人眼中,乐观主义就意味着永远满怀希望、无忧无虑,遇事只往好的方面想。然而积极心理学专家认为这种乐观只是假象,不建议人们这么做。哈佛大学教授塔尔・
篇2:考研英语试题答案
考研英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答
案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最
佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题
和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B. £9.15.C. £9.18.
答案是B。
1 .How long will it take the woman to get to Dupont Station?
A. About an hour. B. About 40 minutes. C.About half an hour.
2. Where will the speakers sit?
A. By the window. B .h a corner. C. At the door.
3. How will the woman go to the party?
A. By taxi. B.By train. C.By bus.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A cake. B. A fruit. C.A drink.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a library. B.In a bookstore. C.In a hotel.
第二节(共15小题海小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. How many weeks has the man had classes with Mrs. Boyd?
A. One.B. Two.C .Four.
7. How is Mrs. Boyd different from Mr. Jones?
A. She asks students to do things her way.
B.She is much stricter than Mr. Jones.
C .She gives students mare freedom.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Apply for a position.
B. Refer to Susan’s files.
C. Talk to David' about the meeting.
9. What does the man want to know in the end?
A. When the meeting begins.
B. Who will attend the meeting.
C. What will be discussed at the meeting.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. How does the man want to deal with the rice cooker?
A.. Have it repaired. B. Exchange it. C.Return it.
11.What day is it today?
A. Friday. B.Thursday. C: Wednesday.
12. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Tell her his credit card number:
B. Make a phone call to her wife.
C. Wait for her phone call.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.How long has Corey been doing ice diving?
A . 2 years . B . 7 year. C. 9 years.
14. What is the woman’s favorite hobby now?
A. Skiing. B. Swimming. C. Acting.
15.What does the woman think of playing computer games?
A. It’s a waste of time.. B. It’s relaxing. C .it helps her make friends.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Classmates. C. Relatives.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. What part of work does the speaker do on his own?
A. Thinking of stories. B.Developing programs. C.Writing dialogues.
18. What did the speaker plan to be?
A. A violinist. B. A basketball player. C.A journalist.
19. When did the speaker decide to work in the video game industry?
A. After hurting his hand.
B. After leaving university.
C. While studying in a film school.
20. What does the speaker love most about his job?
A. They get high salary. B. They work in harmony. C.They win many prizes.
第二部分阅读理解
第一节(共15小题海小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
A
CompaniesBest
Shine United(Madison, Wisconsin)
In the past five years,this Wisconsin一based advertising agency has shared more than
$500,000 in profits with its employees through the company’s ShineShares program. The agency partnered with the University of Wisconsin’s oncology department to develop the Ride,a biking event that benefits cancer research .Employees also get snacks every day,“Beer Thirty” on Thursdays,and Summer Fridays,a program that lets employees leave at noon.
GroundFloor Media(Denver,Colorado)
The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work
anytime,anywhere. Headquarters are in a former warehouse downtown,near Coors Field. The
offices are spread around the central space that doubles as a wet bar every Thursday when the
company’s “bear club” brings in a new brew.
Ergodyne(St. Paul,Minnesota)
The St. Paul-based company has grown to operating out of a retired storehouse with plenty
of natural light. Rules about dressing? “Wear something.” Its purpose? To create cool,comfortable,and tough safety workwear for those who need it to get the job done. Ergodyne has around 50 employees,who enjoy hot一dish cook一offs,tickets to sporting events,and at least one L happy hour every quarter.
Southwest Michigan First(Kalamazoo,Michigan)
It’s family first at this Michigan economic development advising agency. CEO Ron Kitchens
says that in the past year,the company has made a push to go green,initially started by the
millennial employees who make up half the agency’s workforce. A new staff position was created
for the purpose of making sure every employee. is able to balance working and cheering at their
kids’sporting events or going fishing.
21.What’s the purpose of the ShineShares program?
A. To raise money for a research. B. To let employees leave earlier.
C. To share the company’s benefits. D. To partner with a local university.
22. What does Southwest Michigan First encourage their employees to do?
A. To create new staff positions. B. To accompany their families.
C. To join in cooking competitions. D. To enjoy themselves in sporting events.
23. Which company allows its staff a flexible workingtime?
A. Shine United. B. GroundFloor Media.
C .Southwest Michigan First. D. Ergodyne.
24. What can we know about the companies mentioned in the text`?
A. They care about employees’happiness.
B. They offer employees financial support.
C .They have strict rules about dressing.
D. They have training programs.
Keep Running into Mary Richards
When I was 13,I first met Mary Richards,the central character in the sitcom(situation
comedy)“The Mary Tyler Moore Show”.She was a single and independent career. woman. As
soon as I heard the show’s theme song Who can turn the world on with her smile?,I was
hooked. My friends were huge fans as well. Passing in the hallway at school,we would shout to
each other,trying to imitate(模仿)Mary’s accent. “Hi,Rho! See ya later,kid?”
The show lasted seven years , but our fascination(着迷)faded earlier. But that wasn’ t the
end of Mary for me. In the 1990s,when I was single,living alone in a city,a TV-station
began airing reruns of “The Mary. Tyler Moore Show” at 10 p.m. I was hooked all over again.
But this time was different. The way she handled her career and relationships,sending a clear
message that being 30-plus and single was just fine,won my respect on a whole new level.
Once again,however,life moved on. I went to live in a different , city,and 10 p.m.
became the perfect time to call my mother each night. For me,talking to Mom was always a great pleasure. So when my mom passed away,it was as if the sun had gone out of the sky. That feeling seemed particularly intense at 10 p.m.,when I’d find myself staring at my silent phone. And then I heard the song I’d first heard at age 13,Who can turn the world on with her smile?. Mary Richards,of course! Thanks to the wonder of technology,Mary was now as close as my phone. So every night at 10,I would dial up an episode of “The Mary Tyler Moore Show.”
Weeks later,I realized I didn’t need my nightly sessions with Mary anymore,because
mom’s and Mary’s elegance was showing itself in other corners of my life and,once again,I
was ready to move on.
25. What does the author’s imitation with her friends indicate?
A. They had a very happy childhood. B. The theme song was well received.
C. Theyvalued their friendship a lot. D. The sitcom was popular with them.
26. How did the sitcom influence the author in the' 1990s?
A. Her career was changed greatly. B. She decided to stop living singly.
C. She became more confident in life. D. Her fascination with it disappeared.
27. What does the underlined word ”intense“ in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Contradictory. B. Strong. C. Natural. D. Serious.
C
Few people are aware that Waterloo Bridge,crossed by thousands of daily commuters(上班族)and celebrated as a London landmark,was mainly built by a female workforce.
There are no written or photographic records of the women who built the bridge since the
construction company that built it closed in the 1980s and with it went all the records: What’s left is anecdotal evidence,kept alive by the tourist boat captains who have called it the Ladies Bridge.
During the Second World War,with the majority of the active male .labor force away at the
front,women increasingly took on traditionally male roles. By 1944,25,000 women were
working in the construction industry,carrying out back一breaking tasks. These women were
permitted to carry out this exhausting and dangerous work on the basis that it would only be
temporary and that their pay would be lower than that of men. So the trend in women working
in construction and engineering did not continue after the war.
September sees a series of events celebrating the unknown work of the large female workforce. Musician Claudia Molitor has created a 45-minute musical entitled ”the Singing Bridge“,which runs at Somerset House from 9 to 25 September. In late September,the ”Light up the Ladies Bridge“ event saw the National Theatre’s fly tower lit up by large scale photographic projections(投影)of female construction workers working in construction during World War II.
Let’s all celebrate the women who have helped to build the cities in which we live.
28. Why do few people know about the builders of Waterloo Bridge?
A. Female workers received little attention.
B. The records of their work have been lost.
C. Theconstruction took place long ago.
D. Few people knowabout thebridge.
29.Wby did London womendo theconstruction work?
A. It was a tradition in London. B. They wanted to get a steady job.
C. The company offered them better pay.D. Most men had gone to the battlefield.
30. what’s the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A. The influence of the bridge on art.
B.A musician’s contribution to the bridge.
C. The events in honor of the bridge builders.
D. Women’swork during the Second World War.
31 .Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Female Workers on the Rise B. A Hidden Treasure in London
C. A New London LandmarkD. The Storybehind theLadies Bridge
D
While the world is still debating the safety of self-driving cars,Dubai is preparing to launch an autonomous flying taxi. Starting in July the world' s first passenger drone(无人机), the EHang 184,will be available to passengers.
The shuttle,released in Las Vegas in January ,weighs 440 pounds and can fly at
heights of up to 11,500 feet. The egg一shaped vehicle has room for a single passenger weighing
up to 220 pounds and a small suitcase. Though the flying taxi can reach speeds of up to 100
mph,it will typically operate at about 62 mph.
Passengers can ask for the flying taxi to pick them up from appointed zones using a smartphone app. Passengers strap into the seat,select a destination on the touchscreen,and
enjoy the flight. To ensure the passenger’s safety,all flights are monitored remotely by a
control room on the ground.
In the unlikely event that any of the components malfunction or disconnect,the drone will
make an emergency landing to ensure the customer’s safety. It’s also programmed to ensure its
route won’t a:Ffect that of another drone. While having no control over the remotely piloted
vehicle may appear scary,the producer,China-based EHang, says,”It is the safest,smartest
and eco一friendly low altitude autonomous flying vehicle.”Any drawback? The EHang 184 has a
battery life of 30 minutes and a flight range of just 31 miles. Also unknown is the cost of each
ride.
Though the flying taxi seems advanced,it is not the first driverless transportation option
available to Dubai’s residents. As part of its goal to have 25% of public transportation be
automated by 203fl,the authorities have built the world’s longest driverless metro and introduced self-navigating shuttles. Officials recently also partnered with a US company to buildsupersonic speed gods to carry passengers between Dubai and Abu Dhabi.
32. What can we learn about the flying taxi?
A. A passenger can call for a flying taxi online.
B .It can carry a weight of 220 pounds at most.
C. A passenger can touch the screen to control it.
D. It usually flies at a speed of 100 miles an hour.
33. How can the shuttle guarantee a passenger’s safety in an equipment failure?
A. Itlowers its flying speed. B. It changes to another route.
C. It gets help from the control room. D. It’s programed to land autonomously.
34. What is the drawback of the EHang 184?
A. It’s too scary to ride in it. B . It costs a lot to take a ride.
C. It runs out of power easily. D .It only flies at a low altitude.
35. Which of the following makes the EHang 184?
A. A Chinese company. B.A company in Dubai.
C. An American company.D.A company in Abu Dhabi.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Master Your Deadlines
The struggle begins in high school,sometimes earlier. Deadlines,arid lots of them,start
to pile up. At college,the pressure sometimes leads to last -minute rush and unsatisfactory work. At work,failing to meet deadlines can easily get you Bred. 36 Here are a few best practices.
・Assign deadlines to what matters.
If the task isn’t of high importance,don’t set a specific deadline. In this way,you are able to keep it on your radar for a while without feeling pressured. 37 This will provide justenough pressure to ensure you get it done.
・38
Set a personal deadline for yourself a day or two before the actual deadline 39 If you’re
working with a group of people,add in even more time to account for potential follow-ups and
the need for approvals.
・Keep communicating.
40 This means letting others know when something is taking longer than expected,when
a delivery didn’t come in,when a client is not providing the necessary information,etc.
Although it may feel embarrassing to admit that something is not on schedule,being honest is
much better for relieving your stress.
A. Plan for flexible hours.
B. Finish your project as early as possible.
C. But if an activity is urgent,set a deadline immediately.
D. In this way,you’11 never have to stay up late and feel stressed.
E. But handled properly, deadlines canactually improve productivity.
F. Whenever you feel challenged to finish work on time,communicate.
G. So if anything takes longer than expected,you can still wrap it up and submit it on time.
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中:选出可以填人空白处跳最佳选项,并在答题卡该项涂黑。
On our first anniversary,Jack bought a bottle of Casaque,an expensive cologne(古龙香水
for me. “We agreed to save the money for your postgraduate education”,I said somewhat half-heartedly as I took it out from a beautifully-wrapped packet. “I am unable not to give something 41 to the world’s most beautiful bride,honey!”I held it to my 42 ,and smelled the most pleasant flavor I could. ever 43 .Looking down at my 44 blue jeans and ugly, ragged tennis shoes,I wondered if I could ever be worthy of it. But I would 45 .I used only a little of it every time 46 Jack graduated and our life was financially easier. It’s a 47 the
foolish love of a young husband.
Then one day three-year-old Jim was sitting on the floor 48 the empty cologne bottle His lips wet,he was making a( n ) 49 face. He drank my 50 cologne! ”Jack; come quick,’I cried,“Can cologne 51 my baby? Jim drank the rest of it!”“It’s mostly just alcohol,honey,” Jack 52 me. Little Jim was fine,and my concern for my child was 53 .I now felt 54 to see the empty cologne bottle.
A few weeks later,Jack bought another bottle of my beloved cologne. I 55 it as much as I had done to the earlier one. 56 ,it became three-quarters empty. I thought it best to buy mother 57 .But the shop assistant told me that there wasp’t even a maker of that brand any more.
Now I only use my special cologne on very important occasions,because there will be 58 to replace it when these last few precious 59 are gone. But from the bottom of my heart it’,not three-quarters empty but still one-quarter full. Perhaps if I’m very careful,I can 60 using it for the rest of my life.
41 .A. special B. terrible C. practical D. cheap
42. A. eye B. nose C. hand D. mouth
43 .A. imagine B. afford C. touch D. describe
44. A. clumsy B. unique C. faded D. stylish
45 .A. try B. act C. insist D. withdraw
46. A. unless B. even if C. until D. even after
47. A. cost B. consequence C. standard D. symbol
48. A. looking for B. holding C. reaching for D. filling
49. A. amused B. excited C. awful D. happy
50. A. poisonous B. precious C. dangerous D. magical;
51 .A. hurt B. attract C. frighten D.please
52. A. criticized B. encouraged C. educated D. comforted
53. A. increased B. relieved C. confirmed D. developed
54. A. grateful B. nervous C. heartbroken D. desperate
55. A, resisted B. wasted C. protected D. prized
56. A. Still B. So C. Otherwise D. Therefore
57. A. brand B. bottle C.flavor D. color
58. A. some B. none C.another D. more
59. A. quarters B. packets C.drops D. shops
60. A. turn to B .devote to C .count on D .decide on
注意:将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第二节(共10小题海小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese are the first people to have tea. One thousand and two hundred years ago,Lu Yu
wrote a book called “The Classic of Tea”, 61 is honored as “The Bible of Tea”. The book
gives a detailed 62 (explain)of the origin,the processing skills and the classification of tea.
However,Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 63 (it).Take green tea for instance,
the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degree Celsius. If the water is too hot,
nutrients(营养)in the tea 64 ( destroy ). On the other hand , if the water is not hot enough ,
the tea 65 (leaf ) won’t open up and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor. So Chinese
people axe accustomed 66 drinking hot tea. When you visit a Chinese friend,your friend
will 67 (constant)add hot water to your emptying cup of tea. It is polite 68 (offer)the tea
cup to guests with both hands. Of course,the guests should pay respect as well 69 (take)
over the cup with both hands.
Talking about adding water to the tea cup,there is 70 saying: wine full,full cup. Tea
half,half cup. For wine,full cup symbolizes whole heartiness. For tea,half,it means modesty.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中
共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2,只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Mistakes are unavoidable in life. But attitudes towards it may make a difference.
I still remember haw my spoken English was improved. In a beginning,I always kept silent
in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about mysituation. He encouraged me to speak out that I thought. Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging,my teacher arid my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak. Practice made perfect.Now I can talk fluent in English.
Just as the saying goes,"Every bean has its black.”Don’t afraid, of making mistakes. Learn
from mistakes,and success is just waiting for us.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华。你的美国外教David回国时,请你帮他找人制作一枚中文名章(name
stamp)以作纪念。你已找好制作人。给他写封邮件,告知此事,并请他从所附图片中挑选字
体、图案及材料。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear David
Yours
Li Hua
1.考研英语二试题答案
2.20考研英语二试题答案及解析
3.2016考研政治试题答案
4.考研英语命题特点分析
5.1990年全国考研英语真题
6.1994年全国考研英语真题及答案
7.考研英语真题 答案解析
8.考研英语作文金句
9.考研英语2真题
10.2017考研英语试题题型及分值
篇3:自考英语二试题答案
自考英语二试题答案
自考英语二试题答案
1._______ at all is worth doing well.
A. Whatever is worth doing B. That is worth doing C. What is worth doing it D. Whatever is worth doing it
2.He bought a house for his children ________.
A. lived in B. to live in C. lived D. to live
3.By the middle of the 21st century,the vast majority of the world‘s population will be living in cities _______ in the country.
A. other than B. more than C. better than D. rather than
4.People appreciate _______ with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous.
A. talking B. talked C. talk D. to talk
5.Imports will be allowed in proportion _______ exports.
A. to B. for C. out D. of
6.They built a highway _______ the mountains.
A. lead into B. to lead into C. led into D. leading into
7.It _______ for two hours now.
A. rains B. is raining C. has rained D. has been raining
8.The girl was lucky enough to _______ the bad men and ran away.
A. break away B. break away from C. break out D. break into
9.The policeman came up to the lonely house with the door _______, _______ there for a while and then entered it.
A. open; to stand B. opening; stood C. open; stood D. opened; standing
10._______ the new plan can be carried out will be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
A. Which B. What C. That D. Whether
11.Neither English nor Chinese ________ difficult to learn.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
12.It is obvious how bad movies will impact ________ children.
A. on B. to C. with D. in
13.The Roman goddess Venus is identified _______ the Greek goddess Aphrodite.
A. with B. by C. for D. to
14.He declined _______ more about it.
A. say B. to say C. said D. saying
15.The government called out policemen to suppress the riot.
A. 政府派警察镇压**
B. 政府把警察叫出来镇压**
C. 政府给警察打电话让他们出去压迫**
D. 政府高喊要警察出去镇压**
16.The new laws threaten to deprive many people _______ the most elementary freedoms.
A. from B. for C. of D. about
17._______ he has enough money to buy the house, it doesn‘t mean he’s going to do so.
A. Grant B. Granted that C. Having Granted that D. Grant that
18.The reply, when it finally came, was ________ the negative.
A. for B. into C. in D. with
19.I don‘t mind _______ the decision as long as it is not too late.
A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make
20._______ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.
A. Being no rain B. There was no rain C. To be no rain D. There being no rain
21.—— We have to stop talking here outside. Listen, _______!
—— Hurry up, or we‘ll be late.
A. There goes the bell B. There does the bell go C. There the bell goes D. Goes the bell there
22.The factory _______ we‘ll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
23.—Why didn‘t you buy a new car?
—I would have bought one if I _______ enough money.
A. had B. have had C. would have D. had had
24.There was so much noise that the speaker couldn‘t make himself ________.
A. hear B. heard C. hearing D. to hear
25.This is an important problem _______ too few social scientists have researched.
A. which B. that C. into that D. into which
26.They ________ extensive and possibly dangerous actual flight training.
A. undertake B. undergo C. underplay D. underuse
27.They will get the preparation done early in May.
A. 他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作
B. 他们五月初就能准备好工作
C. 他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完
D. 他们五月初就能把准备工作做完
28.Weather _______, we‘ll go out for a walk.
A. permitted B. permitting C. permits D. for permitting
29.I don‘t think the charge for overhauling the equipment is excessive in _______ to its size.
A. correspondence B. equation C. proportion D. dimension
30.It is difficult to understand this kind of _______ calculation.
A. intricate B. varied C. indispensable D. equable
31._______ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see film so often.
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
32.Nobody but you _______ what he said.
A. agrees with B. agrees out C. agree with D. agree to
33.—David has made great progress recently.
—_______, and _______.
A. So he has;so you have B. So he has;so have you C. So he has;so do you D. So has he;so you have
34.The engineer ______ my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom
35._______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
36.Happiness doesn‘t always _______ money.
A. go through B. go in for C. go with D. go over
37.We were told that the stone figure _______ back to the 16th century was ofgreat value.
A. dated B. dating C. coming D. kept
38.That is the house _______ you can enjoy the scenery.
A. in that B. that C. which D. from which
39.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _______ with each other.
A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
40.There is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming _______ an excess of it.
A. other than B. rather than C. in place of D. instead
答案:
单项选择题
1.正确答案:A答案解析:句意为“凡是值的做的,就值得好好去做。”本题注意的是:这个句型中的动名词是用主动形式表示被动意义。
2.正确答案:B答案解析:本题属于动词不定式复合结构做后置定语。in不可省略。句意:他买了一套房子给孩子们住。
3.正确答案:D答案解析:本题考查词组辨析。rather than:与其…(不如);不是…(而是)。句意:到二十一世纪中叶,世界上大多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。
4.正确答案:A答案解析:appreciate doing sth. 愿意,喜欢做某事。句意:人们喜欢同他交谈是因为他既博学又幽默。
5.正确答案:A答案解析:in proportion to:按…的比例,与…成正比。
6.正确答案:D答案解析:leading into的逻辑主语是highway,它们之间是主动的关系,所以用动名词形式。句意:他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。
7.正确答案:D答案解析:雨现在还在下,是持续到现在的动作,所以根据句意,用现在完成进行时比较好。
8.正确答案:B答案解析:break away:脱离,逃离,逃走。符合句意。介词from与后面的the bad men连接。break out:爆发。break into:闯入,潜入,破门而入。
9.正确答案:C答案解析:with the door open是with 的复合结构,open 为形容词,表状态; stood与came, entered为并列关系,在句中作谓语。
10.正确答案:D答案解析:句意为“是否执行新的计划将在明天的会议上进行讨论”。因此答案为D.
11.正确答案:C答案解析:neither…nor…是固定搭配,意思是:既不……也不……。它需要遵循就近原则,谓语动词应与Chinese一致,所以答案是C.
12.正确答案:A答案解析:impact有时也可以当作一个动词来用,与之搭配的介词仍然是on.句意:坏电影对儿童会产生什么影响是显而易见的。
13.正确答案:A答案解析:be identified with:和……有联系,被视为与……等同。
14.正确答案:B答案解析:decline后面可以跟动词不定式,其它形式比如ing形式用的很少。
15.正确答案:A答案解析:to suppress the riot在句子中是作目的状语,表示“警察来是镇压**的”,所以答案为A.
16.正确答案:C答案解析:deprive sb of sth:剥夺某人某物。
17.正确答案:B答案解析:Granted that:尽管,即使。
18.正确答案:C答案解析:in the negative:否定的,否决。
19.答案解析:这是一个带有逻辑主语的动名词结构。依据前面所讲,逻辑主语应是一个带有形容词性的物主代词,其后的动词delay也应该是一个动名词。
20.正确答案:D答案解析:There being no rain为 there be句型的独立主格形式。
21.正确答案:A答案解析:在以here, there, up, down, in, on, out, away, off等副词开头的句子里,主语是名词时,句子主谓全部倒装,以示强调。但主语是人称代词时,不倒装。
22.正确答案:C答案解析:which是关系代词,在从句中作宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
23.正确答案:D答案解析:第一个had是过去完成时,第二个had表示“有”。
24.正确答案:B答案解析:make sb done: 使某人被…
句意:嘈杂声那么大,以至于听众无法听清演讲者的话。
25.正确答案:D答案解析:into which引导的是problem的定语从句。which指代problem,into与research搭配。
26.正确答案:B答案解析:句意:他们经历了大量的并且可能是危险的实际飞行训练。
27.正确答案:D答案解析:首先需要注意early in May表示“五月初”的意思,选项A“让别人准备完”这种表达是不准确的';此外get the preparation done表示的是“把准备工作做完”,选项B的表达不是很准确。
28.正确答案:B答案解析:本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号,且we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构, 其结构为:名词+分词。 由于permit在这里翻译为“天气允许”,表主动,应用现在分词,故选B.
29.正确答案:C答案解析:in proportion to是固定搭配, 意为“与……成比例, 与……相称”。反义语:out of proportion不成比例,不相称。本题译文:我认为该设备的大修费并不过分, 是与它的大小相称的。
30.正确答案:A答案解析:参考译文:很难理解这种错综复杂的计算。intricate 错综复杂的,纠缠不清的; varied 不同的,种种的; indispensable 不可缺少的,绝对必要的; equable 变动甚少的,稳定的。
31.正确答案:C答案解析:从本题后半句可以看出这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,从句中的动词要用“had +过去分词”,如果将if省略,had要位于主语之前,构成倒装句,故本题的答案是C.Had it not been for the free ticket =If it had not been for the free ticket.
32.正确答案:A答案解析:主语为nobody时,谓语动词用单数,如果主语被but, as wellas, with等短语修饰,谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。该题易误选C、D,选D的原因在于词组记忆不清,用介词to时之后应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you作为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。
33.正确答案:B答案解析:以so开头的句子如果是表示前面所表达的内容也适合于另一个人或物时,句子要用倒装语序,这时前后的主语不一致;但当so开头的句子只是重复前一句的意思,表示“的确”,“如此”,前后主语是同一人或物时,句子不用倒装语序。根据题目的意思,本题的答案是B.
34.正确答案:D答案解析:with whom引导定语从句。with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.
35.正确答案:D答案解析:为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it作形式主语。此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.
36.正确答案:C答案解析:句意:幸福未必总是伴随金钱而来。go with:伴随,与……相配
37.正确答案:B答案解析:本句中含有be+of+n.这个结构。dating back to the 16th century的逻辑主语是stone figure.
38.正确答案:D答案解析:句意:你从中能欣赏外面风景的就是这座房子。在定语从句中判断用关系代词还是用关系副词,需要弄明白在从句中需要什么语法成分,也就是说,要看关系词在定语从句中担任什么成分,本题的定语从句中少地点状语,先行词又是表地点的名词,故可选用where.观察四个选项后,我们发现并无where一词,我们可以用“介词+ which”来代替。注意,本句话所表达的应该是:You can enjoy the scenery from the house,故可排除A选项,选D.
39.正确答案:C答案解析:本题考查的是倒装结构的用法。第二分句中因有否定副词never提前,故应用倒装结构;第一分句中的have been married已限定了时态,据此可排除D项。
40.正确答案:B答案解析:rather than 而不是。other than 不同于,除了;in place of 代替;instead 代替。
篇4:法律硕士考研试题答案
法律硕士考研试题答案
一、简答题
(每小题 8 分,共 56 分)
1. 当代中国的制定法渊源。
【参考答案】
答:当代中国的正式法律渊源是制定法,即由法定的国家机关经过法定的程序以权威法律文本明确表现的渊源。在我国,根据国家立法体制,享有法律创制权的机构多样化,制定法包括宪法、法律、法规、规章以及国际条约与国际惯例。(1分)
一、宪法
宪法是当代中国的根本法,在制定法体系中占据根本的地位。从内容上讲,宪法规定了国家的根本制度、公民的基本权利与义务、国家机构。从制定和修改程序上讲,宪法比其他法律更为严格。一方面,制定和修改宪法的机关往往是依法特别成立的,而并非普通的立法机关。另一方面,通过、批准宪法或者其修正案的程序,往往严于普通法律。从法律效力上讲,宪法在各种法律渊源中具有最高法律效力,任何法律法规只要与宪法相冲突,均属无效。(1分)
二、法律
法律是由全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会制定和修改,规定和调整国家、社会和公民生活中某一方面带根本性的社会关系或基本问题的法律,其效力位阶仅次于宪法。此外,全国人民代表大会及其会所作出的具有规范性内容的决议、决定也是法律。(1分)
三、法规作为法律渊源的法规包括行政法规、地方法规、军事法规和司法法规,它们的制定主体不同,其效力位阶也各有不同。(3分)
(一)行政法规
行政法规是由国务院根据宪法和法律,在其职权范围内制定和修改的,有关国家行政管理活动的规范性法律文件。行政法规多以“条例”“实施细则”“办法”“规则”“决定”“命令”等文件表现出来。其效力位阶低于宪法和法律。
(二)地方法规
根据立法权的来源、权限大小和内容的不同,可进一步分为一般地方性法规、经济特区法规、自治条例和单行条例。
(三)军事法规
军事法规是中央军委根据宪法和法律制定的规范性法律文件,其效力及于武装力量内部的规范性文件。军事法规根据立法权来源的不同可分为自主性军事法规和授权性军事法规。
(四)司法法规
司法法规是根据法律的具体授权,由最高人民法院就获授权事项(通常是有关法院内部管理、运作方面的内容)制定的规范性法律文件。
四、规章
这里所说的规章包括部门规章、地方规章和军事规章。(1分)
五、国际条约与国际惯例
作为我国正式法律渊源的国际条约,是指我国同外国或国际组织缔结或者加入的国际法规范性文件。(1分)
【答题思路】纯背诵考点,也属于传统重点部分。详情请参见苏畔笔记 P10-P11
2.《大清新刑律》的主要特点。
【参考答案】
答:《大清新刑律》以“中外通行,有裨治理”为指导思想,共53章,411条,并附《暂行章程》5条。与封建旧律相比较,具有比较浓厚的资本主义色彩。其主要特点是:
(1)体例上打破了几千年来诸法合体的传统法典形式,成为中国历史上第一部专门刑法典。篇章结构上完全以西方大陆法系刑法典为模本,分总则与分则两编,分则各章完全以罪名为章程,由此一改中国几千年的法典结构形式。(2分)
(2)采用西方近代刑罚体系,将刑罚分为主刑和从刑。(2分)
(3)引进西方近代刑法原则、制度和术语:罪刑法定原则,删除比附,正当防卫原则,死刑惟一原则、轻刑原则,缓刑制度、假释制度;既遂与未遂、惯犯与偶犯、紧急避险、时效等概念。(2分)
(4)废除、新增、调整一系列罪名。(2分)
《暂行章程》五条反应了浓厚的封建性。《暂行章程》否定了《大清新刑律》所确立的资产阶级刑法原则:一是否定了死刑惟一原则,如第一条仍可用斩刑,二是否定了正当防卫原则,如第五条。三是否定了轻刑原则,如第一、二、三条的加重处刑。四是否定了罪刑法定原则,如第四条增加了《新刑律》中所没有的罪名。
【答题思路】
本题考察纯背诵记忆的内容,没有什么难度,法制史一向不难,希望大家加强背诵。
该题知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记P51页
3.简述国家权力配置遵循的宪法原则。
【参考答案】
答:(1)权力分配与制约平衡原则(2分)
这是近现代西方宪法普遍遵循的一条配管国家权力的原则,主要适用于国家权力的横向配置。西方宪法都遵循了权力分立制约平衡原则。其中美国宪法是贯彻三权分立、制约平衡的典型。
权力分立与制约平衡原则中是包含着一些合理的和进步的因素的,社会主义国家并不一般地否定这个原则。社会主义所坚决反对的,只是不顾本国基本情况,照抄照搬三权分立那一套的主张。我国现行宪法在权力配置方面贯彻的民主集中制原则和权力不过分集中原则,实际上已经吸收了权力分立原则中的合理成分。
(2)民主集中制原则以及不允许权力过分集中原则(2分)
民主集中制原则是直接规范我国国家权力横向和纵向配置的最主要宪法原则。我国《宪法》第3条的规定调整了人民和国家机关的关系、人民代表机关与同级其他国家机关的关系、规范了中央与地方的关系。不过,在国家权力纵向配置方面,中央与普通行政区域的相互关系模式是基本模式,中央与民族区域自治地方的相互关系模式是基本模式的一种修正型,而实行“一国两制”的特别行政区制度的出现则在我国横向和纵向配置国家权力两方面都构成对基本模式的一种例外和必要补充。
作为民主集中制原则的一个必要补充,不允许权力过分集中原则也是我国现行宪法遵循的一条重要原则。权力不宜过分集中。权力过分集中,妨碍社会主义民主制度和党的民主集中制的实行。因此,我们国家可以而且必须由人民代表大会统一地行使国家权力;同时在这个前提下,对于国家的行政权、审判权、检察权和武装力量的领导权,也都有明确的划分,使国家权力机关和行政、审判、检察机关等其他国家机关能够协调一致地工作。
(3)单一主义原则与联邦主义原则(4分)
单一主义原则。
作为一种国家权力纵向分配的宪法原则,单一主义原则的主要要求是,一国的全部权力都属于中央,地方国家机关可以享有和行使广泛的权力,包括自治权,但所有的权力都只能由中央通过宪法、法律授予,地方没有在本源上属于自己的权力。单一主义原则主张,全国只能有一部统一的宪法、一个最高立法机关、一个中央政府,地方国家机关要服从中央的领导和接受中央的监督,公民只能有一个统一的国籍,在对外关系上只有统一的国家才能作为国际法上的主体。
联邦主义原则。
联邦政府的权力是各成员单位让予的。所以,联邦主义原则通常允许联邦和联邦成员单位根据联邦宪法分享包括主权性权力在内的国家权力。
【答案解析】
本题考察纯背诵记忆的内容,在记忆的过程之中可以尝试对比记忆,该题知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记p87-88。
4. 转化型抢劫罪的概念以及成立要件。
【参考答案】
答:犯盗窃、诈骗、抢夺罪,为窝藏财物、抗拒抓捕、毁灭证据,当场使用暴力或以暴力相威胁,依照抢劫罪定罪处罚。(2分)
1.前提条件:行为人实施盗窃、诈骗、抢夺罪(2分)
最高院《关于审理未成年人刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第10条:“已满十四周岁不满十六周岁的人盗窃、诈骗、抢夺他人财物,为窝藏赃物、抗拒抓捕或者毁灭罪证,当场使用暴力,故意伤害致人重伤或者死亡,或者故意杀人的,应当分别以故意伤害罪或者故意杀人罪定罪处罚。”该司法解释将转化型抢劫认定为故意杀人罪或者故意伤害罪,而附带前提是使用暴力过程中,故意伤害致人重伤或者死亡,或者故意杀人。
与此相反,最高人民检察院研究室《关于相对刑事责任年龄的人承担刑事责任范围有关问题的答复》指出:“相对刑事责任年龄的人实施了刑法第二百六十九条规定的行为的,应当依照刑法第二百六十三条的规定,以抢劫罪追究刑事责任。但对情节显著轻微,危害不大的,可根据刑法第十三条的规定,不予追究刑事责任。”
2.目的条件:为窝藏财物、抗拒抓捕或毁灭罪证(2分)
如果行为人在盗窃、诈骗或者抢夺过程中,遭遇被害人反抗,行为人临时改变作案方法,当场使用暴力或者暴力相威胁,以便当场劫取财物的,则直接构成 263条的抢劫罪。
3.手段条件:当场使用暴力或以暴力相威胁(2分)
如果在其他场所行凶拘捕,与先前实施的盗窃、诈骗或者抢夺行为在时间上和空间上不具有连续性的,则不算当场。如果后续行为构成其他犯罪的,如妨害公务罪、故意伤害罪,则数罪并罚。
【答案解析】
抢劫罪为历年考试的重点,需要重点记忆,该题知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记p296
5.意思表示发出的功能或意义。
【参考答案】
答:意思表示,指将企图发生一定私法上效果的意思,表示于外部。意思表示系私的行为,故政府机关的行为(如税务机关的课税通知、法院的裁判),或虽为私人的行为,但系以发生一定公法上效果为目的时(如投票选举公职人员),皆非此所谓“意思表示。”
意思表示的发出,指表意人已做成使其内心意思表示明确地表示于外的行为。(2分)
发出的功能包括:(3分)
①表意人是否有权利能力或行为能力,应就意思表示发出时认定。
②意思表示发出后,表意人死亡、丧失行为能力或行为能力受限的,意思表示不因此失效。
③意思表示有无错误,因以发出的时间点为准据
④意思表示的生效,以发出为要件,对未经发出的意思表示不得为承诺。
意思表示发出的意义要根据其有无相对人不同而有所区别:(3分)
①无相对人的意思表示:表意人完成其表示过程,其意思表示即为发出。
②有相对人的意思表示:口头意思表示的发出须对受领者为之,使其客观上了解,否则不成立发出书面(电报传真等)为表示工具时,发出的时间点为使意思表示进入可以预期到达受领者的过程之时。
【答题思路解析】
本题考察纯背诵记忆的内容,意思表示一直是民商法的重点考察内容,该题知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记第337页。另外需要注意回答题目需要要点清晰,条理明确,以方便老师批改。
6.刑事诉讼回避的适用情形
【参考答案】
答:回避制度,指法律所规定的与案件当事人有某种利害关系的审判人员、检察人员、侦查人员,以及书记员、鉴定人、翻译人员,不得参加该案件诉讼活动的一种诉讼制度。
回避的适用情形包括:
1.是本案的当事人或者是当事人的近亲属的(2分)
本案的当事人,是指本案的被害人、自诉人、犯罪嫌疑人、被告人、附带民事诉讼的原告人和被告人;当事人的近亲属,指上述人员的夫、妻、父、母、子、女、同胞兄弟姐妹。
2.本人或者他的近亲属和本案有利害关系的(2分)
3.担任过本案的证人、鉴定人、辩护人、诉讼代理人的(2分)
证人具有不可替代性,而办案人员事前既已了解案情,容易先入为主,主观臆断。基于一个公民在一个诉讼案件程序中只能扮演一个诉讼角色的原理,上述人员均应回避。
4.与本案当事人有其他关系,可能影响公正处理案件的(2分)
这种“其他关系”可能影响公正处理案件的不宜列举的情况。
5、审判人员、检察人员、侦查人员等接受当事人及其委托的人的请客送礼,违反规定会见当事人及其委托人的。(2分)
【答题思路】
本题考察纯记忆性题目,没有多大难度,刑诉法每年考察的知识都是比较基础的,所以要求大家注重背诵!本题只要答出四点就可以得满分,为保险起见,将回避制度进行解释比较好。该知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记P165页。
7. 行政性垄断的表现形式。
【参考答案】
答:根据我国《反垄断法》的规定,行政性垄断是指行政机关和授权进行公共管理的组织滥用行政权力排除或者限制竞争而形成的垄断。其表现形式主要包括:
(1)地区垄断:也被称为阻碍地区间商品流通行为,主要是指地方政府或者政府授权机构通过行政权力设置市场壁垒从而达到人为削弱地区外经营者竞争能力的行为。(2分)
(2)部门垄断:政府行政部门,特别是行业主管部门利用其合法拥有的权力资源,如行政许可、生产要素的分配、投资审批等限制企业竞争的行为。(2分)
(3)行政性强制交易:指行政垄断的主体直接以行政权力为根据而发生的经营行为,包括政府及其所属部门通过限定他人与其指定的市场主体进行交易,或者使得这些经济实体在同一市场中与其他经济实体相比处于更加优越的特权地位,而这种指定没有任何法律依据。(2分)
(4)行政性限制竞争协议行为:指政府及其所属部门或者授权的公共组织与其他的行政机关或者经营实体签订控制价格、划分市场范围、限制其他经济实体进入市场或将其排除在市场之外的任何形式的协议,或者政府行政部门通过行政手段强制经济实体签订限制竞争的协议。(2分)
【答题思路解析】
首先简要解释行政性垄断的概念,否则即使要点答全了,还是会适当扣一点分数,然后直接直切题目要点,即几种表现形式,注意分点分段答题。一般像这种题目都是看点给分,比如该题有四点,一点2分,注意不要仅把几种表现形式打出来,要对其稍加解释,一般控制在2-3行即可。该题涉及的知识点详见《苏畔法研法学综合笔记》P108-109页。
二、辨析题
(每小题 10 分,共 40 分)
1. 辨析英国信托制与受益制。
【参考答案】
答:受益制又称“用益权制”,即为了他人的利益而占有和使用土地。在受益关系中,土地所有人(即出托人)将地产交给受托人代管;受托人享有对地产的使用、收益权,并按约定将地产的收益交给出托人指定的受益人.(1分)
信托制是财产所有人为了第三人的利益,将财产交给受托人管理的一项制度。(1分)
1.信托制与受益制的主要区别
(1)标的更为广泛,受益制的标的仅仅是封建地产,而信托制的标的可以是任何形式的动产或不动产。(2分)
(2)受益制受托人主要按照出托人和受益人的意愿管理地产:而信托制受托人则按照自己的意愿管理财产,不受受益人的支配。(2分)
(3)信托制的受托人范围更广,不仅可以是自然人,也可以是法人,如专门的信托投资公司。(2分)
(4)受益制的主要目的是为了逃避封建义务或自由处分地产,而信托制则主要是为了更好地经营财产,更多地增值财富。(2分)
【答题思路解析】
英国法的知识点虽然很少在法综中考察过,但是今年却进行了辨析考察,提醒我们复习一定要全面,早下手为强!详情请参见苏畔笔记 P64
2. 公民控告权和检举权的异同。
【参考答案】
答:控告权是指公民对于任何国家机关和国家工作人员的违法失职行为,有向有关机关进行揭发和指控,并要求处理和制裁的权利。(2分)
检举权是指公民对于任何国家机关和国家工作人员的违法失职行为,有向有关机关揭发事实,并请求依法处理的权利。(2分)
控告权与检举权都是针对违法失职行为,其区别主要表现为:
1.行使控告权的主体主要是受到违法失职行为直接侵害的人,而检举权的主体一般是与事件无直接利害关系的公民;(3分)
2.控告权行使的目的在于保护自己的合法权益而要求有关机关依法处理,而检举权的行使一般是公民出于维护公共利益或出于正义、愤怒的原因,而要求有关机关对违法失职行为进行处理。(3分)
【答案解析】
该题知识点比较常规,就是对公民各项宪法上的权力进行考察,详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记第95页。这两种权利在宪法上并列规定,容易考察,这也提醒同学们复习考研的过程中对于相同或类似的知识点要进行比较、检讨,这一类知识点往往有出题的可能性。
3. 甲请求乙支付价款,乙以双方之间的买卖合同违反强制性规定为由拒绝支付价款,乙之主张,是行使权利障碍之抗辩权,问是否正确并说明理由。
(或:甲和乙签订某合同,乙迟迟不履行合同义务并主张合同无效,有人人为乙是在主张抗辩权的行使,请辨析上述观点。涉及考点抗辩和抗辩权)。
【参考答案】
答:(此题目因大家回忆而有所偏颇,如乙主张权利障碍的抗辩,则正确;如主张抗辩权,则主张不正确。)(观点2分)
权利障碍之抗辩:是指主张请求权根本不发生。如本题当中规定的违反强制性规定而导致合同不成立的情形。这种抗辩在诉讼进行过程中当事人纵然没有提出,法院也应当审查事实,为当事人的利益,须依职权作出有利的判决。(2分)
抗辩权,指虽承认他方请求权的存在,但得拒绝履行,亦即对于他方请求权的行使,可以拒绝其请求之权能.(2分)
抗辩权的类型(2分)
a、一时性的抗辩权,又称为延缓的抗辩权,指仅能使对方的请求权在一定期限内或者
一定条件未成就前不能行使抗辩权。主要有四种:一般保证人的先诉抗辩权;双务合同中的同时履行抗辩权、先履行抗辩权和不安抗辩权。
b、永久性的抗辩权,指能够永久性阻止请求权效力发生的.抗辩权。最典型的永久性抗辩权就是时效经过的抗辩。
抗辩权,其效力是对已经存在的请求权,发生一种对抗的权利。是否主张,有其自由。当事人放弃抗辩的权利时,法院不得予以审究。只有在当事人在诉讼上主张时,法院才有审究的义务。(2分)
【答题思路解析】
民法法综题每年考察的都比较难,建议大家在复习的时候一定要细致全面,并且要注重理解!不能死记硬背民法!知识点详情请参见苏畔笔记 P322-P323
4.马某与前妻张某育有二女,张某死后,马某与赵某结婚。后马某去世。马某的两个孩子与继母赵某就遗产继承产生纠纷。据了解,马某生前在上海闵行区、静安区、长宁区拥有数套房产,三个辖区内的人民法院对该案件都具有管辖权,马某的两个孩子经过与律师的商讨,最终决定向上海静安区对继母进行起诉。结合案例辨析共同管辖和选择管辖的区别。
【参考答案】
答:共同管辖,是指依照法律规定两个或两个以上的人民法院对同一诉讼案件都有管辖权。这种情况既可以因诉讼主体或诉讼客体的原因发生,也可以因法律的直接规定而发生。(1分)
选择管辖是指某一案件发生后,由于法律的直接规定或者由于案件主体或客体的牵连关系,两个或者两个以上的法院对该案件都享有管辖权时,由当事人选择其中一个法院提起诉讼。(1分)
在几个人民法院对同一案件都有管辖权的情况下,就形成了管辖权的积极冲突。解决管辖权冲突的最主要的办法,是赋予原告选择权,原告可以向其中任一法院起诉。如果原告向两个以上有管辖权的人民法院起诉,由最先立案的人民法院管辖。(2分)
首先,共同管辖和选择管辖是一个问题的两个方面。从人民法院角度是共同管辖的,从当事人角度则是选择管辖。马某生前在上海闵行区、静安区、长宁区拥有数套房产,三个辖区内的人民法院对该案件都具有管辖权,这是共同管辖的情形,同时,在此情形之下,马某两个孩子有权向任何一个法院提起诉讼,最终决定向上海静安区对继母进行起诉此乃选择管辖。(2分)
其次,共同管辖是选择管辖的前提。法律没有规定某个案件由数个人民法院共同管辖,就不存在该案当事人选择管辖的法院。如果不是因为马某有多处不动产遗产,可以由多处不动产所在地共同管辖,则就不存在马某女儿对管辖法院进行选择的问题。(2分)
再次,选择管辖使管辖权最终确定。虽然法律规定对某个案件,几个人民法院都有管辖权,但案件的审理只能由其中一个法院进行。如果没有当事人的选择,该案的管辖就不能最终确定。在实践中,可能出现原告先后向有管辖权的数个人民法院起诉或者同一纠纷的当事人双方分别向有管辖权的数个人民法院起诉的情形。为解决上述情况导致的管辖权冲突,贯彻管辖权行使唯一确定规则,我国《民事诉讼法》第35条采用了先立案原则,即原告向两个以上有管辖权的人民法院起诉的,由最先立案的人民法院管辖。在该案中,马某的女儿最终决定向上海静安区对继母进行起诉,则静安区法院最终获得对该案的管辖权。(2分)
【答题解析】
该题在历年真题中不曾进行考察过,考察内容比较理论化,得分率应该不高,很多人分不清楚这是一个问题的两个方面。辨析题答题过程中对不同的概念进行解释是首要的,并且是采分点,希望考生注意!该知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记P130页。
三、案例分析
(第1题13分,第2题11分,共24分)
1.三个人多次密谋,绑架了富翁之子谢某,又绑架了一路过女青年,三人先以刀威胁逼迫谢某****了女青年并拍照录像,后以此威胁勒索谢某。随后三人以死威逼谢某杀害女青年,谢某为活命不得已用绳子勒死女青年。根据我国刑法规定和刑法理论评价谢某的行为,并说明理由。
【参考答案】
答:⑴谢某受胁迫参与犯罪属于胁从犯,胁从犯,是指被胁迫参加犯罪的犯罪分子。被胁迫,是指犯罪分子参与犯罪是不完全自愿的,是在威逼和强迫下,由于意志较弱的过错而参加了犯罪活动。但是夏某虽然处于被胁迫状态,但他仍然具有一定的意志自由,仍然具有是否参加犯罪活动的选择余地,所以他在本案中属于胁从犯。”(5分)
⑵但谢某的****属于紧急避险,根据《中华人民共和国刑法》第21条:“为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在发生的危险,不得已采取的紧急避险行为,造成损害的,不负刑事责任。本案中夏某为了保全自己的生命,对女青年实施的****行为应认定为紧急避险,不负刑事责任。(5分)
⑶谢某虽构成故意杀人罪,应当减轻或者免除处罚。按照《中华人民共和国刑法》第二十八条规定:“对于被胁迫参加犯罪的,应当按照他的犯罪情节减轻处罚或者免除处罚。(3分)
【答案解析】
法综案例第一题原题。,所以!一定要重视历年真题!
2. 甲向乙发出要约,愿意以500元的价格向其出售变形金刚,并规定承诺期限至11月15日截止,后乙在11月15日23点40分,通过书面形式作出承诺并投入了甲的邮箱,凌晨一点多乙收到亲戚的信息称愿意将变形金刚赠送给乙,乙随即于凌晨1点20分向甲发送信息称自己的承诺无效。期间甲外出不在家,登山过程中手机信号不好也无法查看短信。后在11月23号回家后9点检查邮箱看到了乙投入的书面承诺,又在9点30分,查看了乙发出的有关于承诺无效的信息。
(1)乙的承诺何时到达
(2)乙发短信的行为是什么性质的行为?效力如何,请说明理由。
(3)甲乙之间的合同的效力如何?
(或:甲发书面文件给乙,愿意以500元出售变形金刚模型,要求11.15日前回复,乙因工作忙碌来不及回复于11.15晚23点将书面承诺投递到甲家门邮箱里。回去后收到了好友丙赠送的变形金刚模型,便于凌晨1:20发短信给甲撤回已经发出的承诺。甲外出登山未携带手机,于11.17上午9点回家检视邮箱时看到乙的书面承诺,又于9:30开机看到乙的短信。
乙的承诺何时到达及理由。
乙的短信性质,是否有效,理由。
合同是否生效,理由。)
【参考答案】
答:(1)乙的承诺何时到达
乙在11月15日23点40分,通过书面形式作出承诺并投入了甲的邮箱,(无论是电子邮箱抑或是甲家门口的邮箱)此时为承诺生效。(1分)
意思表示的生效在非对话的有相对人的情况下,遵循到达原则,即到达相对人时发生效力。构成要件包括:a)已进入相对人的支配范围b)置于相对人可以了解的状态。(1分)
因此,在本案中,乙在11月15日23点40分,投出的邮件即时到达甲的邮箱,即使得乙的承诺已经进入了甲的控制范围并且也处于甲能够可以了解的状态,因此乙的承诺已经生效。(1分)
(2)乙发短信的行为是什么性质的行为?效力如何,请说明理由。
乙于凌晨1点20分向甲发送信息的行为是承诺的撤回,无效。(1分)
承诺的撤回,是承诺人阻止承诺发生法律效力的行为。撤回的通知必须先于或者同时与承诺到达要约人,才能阻止承诺生效的效力。撤回的通知如果迟于承诺到达要约人,因承诺已经生效,则不发生承诺撤回的效果。(2分)
在本案中,如题(1)所述,乙的承诺已经生效,而承诺的撤回必须要在承诺到达要约人之前才可以,因此,乙的承诺撤回无效,原承诺生效。(1分)
(3)甲乙之间的合同的效力如何?
甲乙之间的合同生效。(1分)
经要约、承诺,合同当事人互相意思表示并且达成合意,合同宣告成立。根据我国合同法规定,除附条件、附期限等情况外,承诺生效时为合同成立之时。(2分)
在本案当中,甲发出要约,乙在11月15日23点40分,通过书面形式作出承诺,后虽然乙欲图撤回承诺,但是由于承诺已经发出,撤回无效,因此甲乙之间的合同成立并生效。(1分)
【答题思路】
本题考察承诺的生效时间,该题知识点详情请参见苏畔法研法综笔记第337页。并且也考察了承诺的撤回、合同的成立生效的时间等知识点,较为简单。只要保证回答要点清晰、能够密切扣题即可。
四、论述题
(每小题 15 分,共 30 分)
1. 试论述法律对经济秩序的作用。
【参考答案】
在进入商品经济阶段之后,社会生产力飞速发展,交换则成为商品实现价值的必经途径,经济形态日趋复杂,经济秩序对法律的依赖性得到了前所未有的增强。这方面的立法越来越细致,逐渐形成了一个完备的体系,主要包括:
第一,法律保护财产所有权。只有明确了谁是财产的合法所有人这一问题,商品生产才能有足够的动力,商品交换才能有合法的起点。否则,商品经济秩序的建立就失去了最根本的前提和保障。(2分)
第二,对经济主体资格加以必要的限制。对经济主体若不加限制,则必然会产生经济主体的无限多样性,不合格经济主体将会大量出现,这必将危及交易安全,造成经济秩序的混乱。(2分)
第三,调控经济活动。在商品经济社会,各类经济主体被赋予很大的自由活动空间,但这种自由绝不能危及基本秩序,法律在这里是通过调控经济生活来维护秩序的。(2分)
第四,保障劳动者的生存条件。劳动是经济运行的起点,为了经济正常运行必须要确保劳动者能够维持正常的生存和发展。(2分)
【答案解析】
基本知识点在八分左右,其余分数就是个人的论述,是否冲分,逻辑是否严密,自己是否清晰,是否有条理‘文采如何等等!’我们苏畔做的的历年和模拟题一直强调论述题答题方法,有兴趣同学可以自行去查找。真题这道题答题较为常规,也是书上内容,没有超出教材内容。详情参见苏畔法研法综笔记第35页。
2.快的、滴滴、优步的并购成为我国网约车市场的重要并购案,有人认为这是经营者集中。结合我国竞争法,试论述我国经营者集中行为的控制的基本制度和法律适用的特殊规定。
【参考答案】
答:经营者集中在各国法律中也被称为企业合并或联合、兼并、收购等。它不仅包括会计法与公司法关于资产转移型的合并,还扩大到一个企业能够对另一个企业发生支配性影响的所有方式,包括持有其他公司的股份、取得其他企业的资产、受让或承租其他企业全部或主要部分的营业或财产,与其他企业共同经营或受其他企业委托经营、干部兼任、直接或者间接的控制其他企业的人事任免等实现市场力量集中之目的的所有行为,即一个或者多个企业对其他企业全部或者部分获得控制,从而导致持久的相互关系的一切可能性都是包括在内的。
现行法关于经营者集中的定义是以下三种类型。
(一)经营者合并;
(二)经营者通过取得股权或者资产的方式取得对其他经营者的控制权;
(三)经营者通过合同等方式取得对其他经营者的控制权或者能够对其他经营者施加决定性影响。(3分)
经营者集中行为进行控制的基本制度和法律适用规定如下:
(一)事先申报制度(3分)
事先申报制度,是指各国反垄断法对市场竞争具有重大影响的集中事项必须事先向主管机关进行申报的强制性规定。
1.申报义务的来源。我国《反垄断法》对大型的重要集中事项作出了必须申报的规定:(1)参与集中的所有经营者上一会计年度在全球范围内的营业额超过100亿人民币,并且其中至少两个经营者上一会计年度在中国境内的营业额均超过4亿元人民币;(2)参与集中的所有经营者上一会计年度在中国境内的营业额合计超过20亿人民币,并且其中至少两个经营者上一会计年度在中国境内的营业额均超过4亿元人民币。
2.申报义务的豁免。主要包括以下情况:(1)参与集中的一个经营者拥有其他每个经营者50%以上有表决权的股份或者资产的;(2)参与集中的每个经营者50%以上有表决权的股份或者资产被同一个未参与集中的经营者拥有的。
(二)调查与审查制度(3分)
审查程序包括集中审批机关对必要信息的调查取证、对于当事人表达意愿的听证以及进行初步或者进一步审查等阶段。
我国《经营者集中审查办法》规定,在经营者集中审查过程中,商务部可以召开听证会进行调查取证,听取有关各方的意见。在听证制度之外,还设立了“商谈制度”,经营者启动集中反垄断审查时从申报开始的,申报前商谈或联系能够增加反垄断执法机构对拟申报集中的事先了解,确保申报格式和内容从一开始即满足法律的完整性要求,并有助于双方初步确认集中的关键性议题和可能产生的竞争损害,为即将开展的反垄断调查做准备。
(三)审批与救济制度(3分)
我国《反垄断法》第29条规定,对于不予禁止的经营者集中,国务院反垄断执法机构可以决定附加减少集中对竞争产生不利影响的限制性条件。因此审批的结果分为三种:禁止、不予禁止、附条件不予禁止。
【答案解析】
本题是法综经济法考题结合时事出题的一个典型。滴滴和优步中国的合并、南车北车的合并、58和赶集的合并、美团和大众点评的合并等等均牵涉到反垄断审查,从这个方面出题并不出乎意料,而答题也比较规范,详情参见苏畔法研法综笔记第108页。基本知识点在12分左右,其余分数就是个人的论述,是否冲分,逻辑是否严密,自己是否清晰,是否有条理‘文采如何等等!’我们苏畔做的的历年和模拟题一直强调论述题答题方法,有兴趣同学可以自行去查找。
篇5:考研英语二如何复习
考研英语复习要点与方法.
众所周知,考研各门课程中复习难度最大的是英语,从语言层次上可以把它定位为四六级难度之上的八级。考试大纲要求考生具备深厚的英语语言实力,能灵活进行听读写译的高端训练。复习中需要全方位把握英语知识的高难表达,体会用英语思维表达出的时文、学科语言。复习过程持续半年到一年,需要大幅度拓展自己的英语语言表达应用能力。针对考生普遍关注的英语复习,在此给大家一些复习方面的建议。
篇6:考研英语二如何复习
熟悉考试大纲和大纲样题
考试大纲是英语方面的指导总则,关于听读写译各方面能力、各种题型考法有着明确的阐释说明。如:03、04年新大纲增加了考生在写作中要会写应用文的要求。对于考试全过程、试卷题型分布也进行了说明。考试大纲中提出的样题展示了出题的形式和难度,考生通过大纲样题明显体会到命题思路和重点,如听力对数字和信息捕捉的要求、阅读对时文和经济类文章的强调、完形对大批单词意义区分以及词组搭配的要求、写作中图画式作文的基本出题模式和提纲要求。研究了大纲样题,等于对考研英语试题有了最直观的了解和感受。
篇7:考研英语二如何复习
注意强化词汇及语法基础
考研英语是在语言实力上的比拼。词汇和语法上如果漏洞百出必然影响考试得分,而一分之差往往又使成千上万的考生名落孙山。因此复习中词汇和语法要进行专门的强化和突破。大纲要求了5300个考研基本词汇,考生要把它们看作基本常识熟背熟记。除了考试大纲外,所选择的考研词汇书最好有单词的搭配和例句,在记单词的同时把词组和用法同时掌握。特别注意单词的最后两三种含义,很有可能成为我们阅读中的最大障碍。记单词的过程最好分三个阶段:1)快速强化阶段:粗略把握单词拼写、读音及大意。2)深入了解阶段:第二遍要严格掌握单词的多重语义及在例句中的用法。3)巩固提高阶段:在六级考试的难词辨析和考研历年真题的阅读完形题目中重复词汇、巩固记忆,通过上下文的提示对词汇进行适当推理,加强对单词意义和用法的掌握。
篇8:考研英语二如何复习
关于语法,可以寻找一本最薄、最简单的语法指导材料,用两周的时间系统精读一遍。不要放过例句,要把语法现象和例句充分结合在一起加以阅读领会。考研英语语法的重点不是虚拟语气,而是复合句中的从句知识。阅读、完形、翻译中都会出现较多的长难句需要考生分析解剖。语法中的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句(9类)以及各种插入语经常使得句子纷繁复杂。因此在大量接触真题前有必要对语法知识进行透彻的复习,掌握了这些语法工具,我们就可以在复杂的真题语言中解剖拆分,处理好每一个长难句。
篇9:考研英语二如何复习
翻译中掌握四步定位法
英译汉需要扎实的双语功底和高超的语法词汇能力。面对试题中的5个下划线长句要采取合理的解题步骤--四步定位法。1)结构分析:运用从句知识识别句子中出现的定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句、插入语及平行结构等。2)句子切分:把长句拆分成若干个部分,逐个理解体会。3)词义推敲:对于一词多义和代词指代要放到上下文的环境里仔细推敲。4)检查核对:当把各个部分的语义合并到一起后,认真审核汉语的准确度、流畅度和优美度。
翻译的补充材料可以选择《英语世界》杂志,对照专家的译本,反复揣摩汉英两种语言的对称性和翻译技法。
★试题答案
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