下面是小编精心整理的英语语法原则语法一致原则,本文共7篇,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

篇1:英语语法原则语法一致原则
语法一致原则
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.
2. 由连接词and或both …… and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.
注意:(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:The writer and artist has come. (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.
3. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.
注意:(1)在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. (2)若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:None of us has (have) been to America.
5. 在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The police are looking for the lost child.
7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.
注意:a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“……的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。
8. 在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:There comes the bus. / On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.
S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)归纳
此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。
名词/代词宾格 + 名词
The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士.
名词/代词宾格 + 形容词
New methods make the job easy.新方法使这项工作变得轻松.
名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
I often find him at work.我经常发现他在工作.
名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式
The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老师让学生们关上窗户.
名词/代词宾格 + 分词
I saw a cat running across the road.我看见一只猫跑过了马路.
S │V(及物)│ O(宾语) │ C(宾补)
1. They │appointed │him │manager. 他们任命他当经理。
2. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色
3. This │set │them │thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。
4. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。
5. What │makes │him │think so? 他怎么会这样想?
6. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去
7. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。
8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
篇2:初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则
初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则
谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则
(1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
(4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。例如:
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
(7)有两部分构成的'物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
对于上述老师为同学们带来的这些,同学们都懂了吗?如果还有不懂的可以参考例句多多学习!
篇3:英语语法原则主谓一致三原则
主谓一致三原则
1. 形式一致的原则
一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:
如:
(1) He likes skating in winter.
他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much.
艾利斯看了很多书。
(3) They don’t live here.
他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则
英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。
如:
(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.
在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.
我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.
我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则
英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如:
(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.
他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.
他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.
要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
(4) Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there.
是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去?
英语基本句型归纳
基本句型 一:S V (主+谓)
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!
谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S │ V (不及物动词)
1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢?
6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。
基本句型 二: S V P (主+系+表)
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻
S │V(是系动词)│ P
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮
6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。
8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。
There be 结构: There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。 此结构后跟名词,表示‘(存在)有某事物’ 。
试比较:There is a boy there.(那儿有一个男孩。)/前一个there无实意,后一个there为副词‘那里’。
基本句型 三: S V O (主+谓+宾)
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等
S │V(及物动词)│ O
1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案?
2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。
3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。
4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。
6. He │said │“Good morning.” 他说:“早上好!”
7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。
基本句型 四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give给,pass递,bring带,show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 一般的顺序为:动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如:Give me a cup of tea,please.
强调间接宾语顺序为:动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如:Show this house to Mr.Smith.
若直接宾语为人称代词:动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如:Bring it to me,please.
S │V(及物)│ o(多指人) │ O(多指物)
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。
4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。
5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片
6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。
8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。
篇4:初中生英语语法之主谓语法一致的原则
初中生英语语法之主谓语法一致的原则
对于英语中主谓语法一致的原则的语法知识讲解,希望下面的知识给同学们的学习提供很好的帮助。
主谓语法一致的原则
谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的`原则
(1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
(4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。例如:
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
上面对英语中主谓语法一致的原则语法知识的讲解学习,同学们都能很好的掌握了吧,希望同学们会从中学习的更好哦。
篇5:英语语法原则5个语法误区
这5个语法误区
1. You can’t end a sentence with a preposition
1. 不能以介词结尾
一般情况因该避免以介词结尾。但以下四种情况用介词结尾却更自然。
passive structures:
被动结构:
(she enjoys being fussed over.)
(她喜欢被簇拥的感觉。)
relative clauses:
条件从句:
(They must be convinced of the commitment that they are taking on.)
(你必须相信他们的承诺。)
infinitive structures:
不定式结构:
(Tom had no-one to play with.)
(没有人可以和汤姆一起玩。)
questions beginning with who, where, what, etc.:
Who、where、what打头的问句:
(what music are you interested in?)
(你喜欢什么样的音乐?)
2. You can’t start a sentence with a conjunction
2. 不能以连词开头
Conjunctions are words such as and, but, so, and if, which are used to connect clauses, sentences, or words. This grammatical superstition arises from the thought that because these words are used to connect separate clauses.The argument against using and or but to introduce a sentence is that such a sentence expresses an incomplete thought (or ‘fragment’) and is therefore incorrect. However, this is a stylistic preference rather than a grammatical rule.
连词包括and、but、so、if等词语,用于连接从句、句子或单词。有一种说法认为这些词是用来连接单独的从句,他们建议使用时的片段出现在一个句子的开始。他们认为使用and或者but来引出句子这个句子的含义是不完整的,因此是不正确的。然而,这是一个风格的偏好,而不是语法规则。
3. Double negatives are always ungrammatical
3. 双重否定不符合语法规则
When two negatives are used to communicate a negative, then the usage is ungrammatical. The reason for this is that two negatives actually cancel each other out and create an affirmative statement. For example, the sentence ‘I don’t have nothing for you’is ungrammatical because the presence of two negatives technically switches the meaning to an affirmative one, so that it means ‘I have something for you.’
当两个否定词汇一同使用时,在语法上是不能表达否定的。原因是两个否定实际上互相抵消,表达肯定的含义。例如,这句话“I don’t have nothing for you”不符合语法,因为两个否定词汇表达肯定的含义,这意味着“我有东西给你。”
Even though the use of double negatives in formal speech and writing is nonstandard, the use of double negatives is common in areas such as informal speech and popular music.
即使在正式演讲和写作中使用双重否定是不标准的,在非正式的演讲和流行音乐等领域双重否定的使用是很常见的。
However, there is one use of double negatives that is entirely grammatical. In this use, the double negative is used to express and reinforce an affirmative.
然而,有一个双重否定的使用是完全符合语法的。在使用双重否定表达肯定时。
I couldn’t not help him. [meaning: I strongly felt I should help him]
我会帮助他。
4. Splitting infinitives is a mistake
4. 不定式不能分隔使用
For the uninitiated, splitting infinitives is the practice of placing an adverb between ‘to’and the corresponding verb, as in ‘to lightly tap.’Splitting infinitives is a common peeve of grammar enthusiasts, but like many such peeves it has been employed by well-regarded English prose stylists for centuries. However, take care before splitting those infinitives; many style guides and professors would still consider this a stylistic error.
在一般人眼中,分裂不定式是在不定式和动词之间放置一个副词,如“to lightly tap轻拍”。分裂不定式是常见的令语法爱好者苦恼的问题。但是有很多著名的英文散文家喜欢使用分裂不定式的写作方式。然而,应当小心使用分裂不定式,仍然有很多专家认为这是文体错误。
例如:
She used to secretly admire him.
她曾经偷偷欣赏他。
You have to really watch him.
你必须真的看着他。
Those who believe that split infinitives are grammatically incorrect would rewrite these sentences as:
认为分裂不定式不符合语法规范的人会主张这样改写上面的句子:
She used secretly to admire him.
她曾经偷偷欣赏他。
You really have to watch him.
你必须真的看着他。
5. You can’t start a sentence with hopefully hopefully
5. 不能作为句子开头
This use of hopefully to mean ‘it is hoped’rather than the adverbial ‘in a hopeful manner’has been disputed in the past several years, though it has found its way into general acceptance.
hopefully这个词的意思是“有希望地”,而不是状语“以一种充满希望的方式”。在过去的几年里,这种用法虽然已经被普遍接受但一直有争议的。
Hopefully and thankfully can’t be reworded along the lines of other sentence adverbs, using the constructions ‘it is hopeful that’or ‘it is thankful that’:
Hopefully 和thankfully和其他句子副词不同,可以使用‘it is hopeful that’ 或者‘it is thankful that’的结构
Hopefully, planning delays will be minimal.
希望比赛尽可能不被推迟。
It is hopeful that planning delays will be minimal.
希望比赛尽可能不被推迟。
也可以这样改写:
It is to be hoped that planning delays will be minimal.
希望比赛尽可能不被推迟。
高二的暑假怎么准备英语?
01
劳逸结合,训练英语听力
暑假毕竟是一个假期,在放松的同时,建议同学们进行一些强度较低,相对轻松的听力的训练。能力的提高是一个潜移默化的过程,听力的提高与学生的听力训练时间成正比。具体做法是:
1、每天要坚持15—20分钟的听力练习时间,多听才能增强语感,提高快速反应的能力。用MP3或者随身听练习听力不失为一个好办法。听的时候要确保用心听,碰到听不懂或理解错的部分可以在事后对照答案和参考。万万不能自以为听懂了大概却抓不住关键信息。
2、增加课外阅读,积累词汇和语法知识,了解文化背景知识。如果缺乏对英语国家的文化背景、历史知识、风土人情、宗教信仰、礼仪等方面的了解,则会对听力理解产生一定的障碍。
3、听力练习材料的选择要注意针对性和典型性。学生应根据高考说明的词汇、语法及话题要求,选择相应的内容、题材、难度的材料,听力材料中最好少有生词。建议尽量使用近三年高三一、二模听力试题做听力训练的材料。除此之外,还可以在假期多收听收看广播、电视中的英文新闻,英语电影或如电台广播VOA和BBC等。这些听力训练均为说英语国家的人士录制,有助于习惯听地道的英语语言、语调、语式,增强语感,提高听力理解的程度。
4、加强对所听材料的朗读训练。为了进一步熟悉所听材料的话题、语言结构及功能句的意义,熟悉词汇的正确发音,同学们应在做完听力训练后,利用10—15分钟的时间朗读所听材料,并根据录音纠正错误的发音,以便更加准确地理解所听材料的意义。
02
树立信心,培养解题能力
众所周知,英语试卷中的单项选择这一题型考查知识面广,需要学生有扎实的语法知识、丰富的词汇用法积累和结合语境灵活运用语言的能力,因此,不少学生感觉此项内容在考试中不易得分。
要想攻克单项填空,首先,必须对语法知识有一个系统地认识,建议大家利用暑假的时间,将上课讲过的语法知识点进行一个系统地总结。其次,我们还要养成一个良好的做单项填空题目的习惯,就是对于每一道题,不但要知道正确选项为什么正确,更重要的还要知道每一个错误选项或者干扰选项都分别错在哪里。同学们应该设立一个错题本,不时的翻阅,可以避免在以后的做题中再犯类似的错误。
03
稳中求进,提高阅读能力
英语高考阅读理解是全卷当中占分数最多的一部分,也是最重要的一部分。现在的阅读理解在题材和体裁都非常的多样化,而且文段非常的长,要求考生的阅读速度非常之快,主要是考查考生能否在较长和较复杂的文段中,体裁中获取信息的能力。
那么在暑假里如何提高阅读水平呢?
1.首先是词汇,首先考纲上的词汇一定要认识,如果考生对单词记得不太熟的话,这样对他们阅读理解有一定的难度。假期里每天应该有计划地背词汇及词组,注意积累。背单词的过程是很枯燥的,大家要勇于向老师或者优秀的同学请教方法,不能一味死记硬背。另外还要背一些短文,不仅能提高单词量,对写作也很有好处。
2.对阅读速度的要求,现在的教学大纲读速每分钟是60个字,很多在考场上往往题目做不完。同学们应充分利用暑假,每天读一些题材不同而又符合自己程度的语篇。例如:每天起床前的半小时,阅读几篇文章。务求读懂全文,切不可“浮光掠影”。对于较长较难的文章,先读问题与选项,后读文章。答完所有的题后,再快读一遍文章,逐一校对各题答案,查看答案是否前后照应,并在关键的地方结合上下文认真思考。
3.现在阅读文章的题材和体裁非常的丰富,有的是一些外国的报刊、杂志上的最新文章。所以,在假期里同学们要适当的在各个方面“充电”,增加自己的知识,丰富自己的阅历,拓宽视野。这样对于在考试做阅读答题时是有好处的。
04
持之以恒,练习写作
篇6:英语语法复习原则
英语语法复习原则
1、一条主线贯穿语法复习始终短语搭配不能丢
语法复习并不是要大家深入学习语法,而是要把重点放在短语搭配上。高考考查什么最多?就是短语搭配。它始终贯穿在句子、文章当中,无论是单选、完型、写作,都要应用的到,尤其是动词短语。大家在复习语法的过程中,第一要目是挖出短语搭配。
2、二中语态语气心中清晰明了主被动真实虚拟
我们说过,不要刻意去钻研语法,但是主被动真实虚拟所体现是英语语言的精确性。即句子强调的是那一部分,重点修饰的是哪些内容,考试时往往大家读题的`时候不知道所填选项强调哪些部分而导致选项模糊丢分,所以要加强对句子的分析理解,要牢牢把握住整个句子在为什么服务,即我们所说的主被动真实虚拟。
3、三大主要从句必须娴熟掌握定状名词性从句
这些是常见句式,所以是考试的要点。对这类句子,我们只需从修饰的是定语、状语还是名词就能轻松拿下。
4、四大时态不可忽视时时小心一般完成进行时
时态就不说了,每年至少有15~20分的题都和时态有关,记住时态提前原则即可。时态提前原则指的是:前面(动词)是一般现在时,后一个动词必然是过去式或者过去进行时或过去完成时,这就是时态提前原则,大家可以自行总结。或者参看前面给出的单选题时态答题方法的博文。
篇7:英语语法倒置原则
间接与直接宾语倒置原则
1.表“给予”的概念,要用to
例:i gave him the book.
=i gave the book to him.
(我给他这本书。)
i sent him the letter.
=i sent the letter to him.
(我寄这封信给他。)
i told him the story.
=i told the story to him.
(我告诉他这个故事。)
i teach them english.
=i teach english to them.
(我教他们英语。)
2.表“代劳”的概念,要用for
例:i bought him the book.
=i bought the book for him.
(我为他买了这本书。)
理由:“我”到书店为他买本书,因此“我”出了劳力。
例:i made him a chair.
=i made a chair for him.
(我替他做了一把椅子。)
理由:“我”出了劳力制作一把椅子,故介词要用for表示他代劳之意。
3.表“从……中”的概念,要用of
例:i asked him a question.
=i asked a question of him.
(我问他一个问题。)
理由:此处的of,等于from之意,但使用时,仍为of为宜。凡表“要求”的动词均属此用法。
例:i expected much of him.
(我对他期望很高。)
he required nothing of me.
(他对我无所求。)
he demanded little of me.
(他对我无所要求。)
惟使用此三个动词时,不得像ask一样可将间接宾语置于前面。
例:i expected him much.(x)
he required me nothing.(x)
he demanded me little.(x)
★原山作文
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