【导语】以下是小编收集整理的英语国家概况期末考试（共8篇），希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1：英语国家概况期末考试
专业 班级 姓名 分数
全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。
考试时间共150分钟。
Part One (40 points)
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished
statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose
the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the
letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40
points, 1 point for each)
1. On the island of Great Britain, there are _______.
A. four political divisions --- England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
B. four political divisions --- England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland
C. three political divisions --- England, Scotland, and Wales
D. three political divisions --- England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland
2. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC?
A. Emperor Claudius
B. Julius Caesar
C. King Alfred
D. King Ethelred
3. Who is the author of Murder in the Cathedral?
A. Christopher Marlowe
B. T. S. Eliot
C. Ben Johnson
D. Thomas Becket
4. In England, the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies was _______.
A. the Cobham’s Plot
B. the Gunpowder Plot
C. the murder of Thomas Becket
D. the execution of Mary Queen of Scots
5. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of ________.
A. India
B. Australia
C. Canada
D. Newfoundland
6. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based on the theory of
______.
A. Karl Marx
B. Margaret Thatcher
C. John Maynard Keynes
D. Adam Smith
7. The Royal National Eisteddfod is a(n) _____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.
A. English
B. Scottish
C. Welsh
D. Irish
8. The British constitution is made up of the following except _______.
A. commonwealth law
B. conventions
C. common law
D. statute law
9. In Britain, capital punishment is the penalty of _______.
A. piracy
B. treason and murder
C. assassination
D. piracy and treason
10. _______ is more important than Christmas to Scots.
A. New Year’s Day
B. Whit Sunday
C. April Fool’s Day
D. Easter
11. The Hundred Years’ War with France was fought ________.
A. from 1327 to 1443
B. from 1337 to 1453
C. from 1347 to 1443
D. from 1357 to 1453
12. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver
Cromwell as _______.
A. Lord Protector
B. Lieutenant General
C. Commander of the New Modal Army
D. President
13. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______.
A. Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland
B. Southern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland
C. the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
D. Northern Ireland and Britain
14. Ireland has a bipolar political system with two major parties: _______.
A. Fianna Fail and Fine Gael
B. Sinn Fein and Fine Gael
C. Fianna Fail and Sinn Fein
D. Sinn Fein and IRA
15. _______ has been called the American Ruhr.
A. The Ohio River
B. The Mississippi
C. The Missouri
D. The Colorado
16. The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by _______.
A. all of the 13 states
B. all of the states except Maryland
C. all of the states except Rhode Island
D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention
17. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is the ______.
A. blacks
B. Hispanics
C. Asian-Americans
D. WASPs
18. The goal of Roosevelt’s New Deal was ______.
A. to change the American economic system
B. to save the American democracy and the capitalist system
C. to weaken monopoly interests in America
D. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America
19. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Louisiana was taken from Britain as a result of the war of 1812.
B. The Louisiana Territory was ceded to the United States by France.
C. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from Spain.
D. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from France.
20. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Vietnam War?
A. The United States was weakened as a result of it.
B. American society had never been so divided since the Civil War.
C. Richard Nixon changed the strategy into “Vietnamization” of the war.
D. The cease-fire agreement was signed in 1975.
21. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S.
economy EXCEPT _____.
A. the vast space and resources of the land
B. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunity
C. English as its national language
D. hard work by the people
22. America’s post-war policy toward the former Soviet Union was _______.
A. isolationism
B. containment
C. appeasement
D. neutrality
23. The second highest level of the federal judiciary in the U.S. is made up of ______.
A. the Supreme Court
B. the courts of special jurisdiction
C. the courts of appeal
D. the district courts
24. In the U.S., nearly all the ______ practice some form of open admission.
A. research universities
B. private colleges
C. public community colleges
D. specialized institutions
25. Among those American writers, ____ was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.
A. Walt Whitman
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. Mark Twain
D. Washington Irving
26. In order to remember George Washington, _______.
A. a memorial hall was built in his birthplace
B. a memorial hall was built in Washington D.C.
C. a tall white Washington Monument was built in the capital
D. an expensive car was named after him
27. The name “Canada” is believed to be derived from an Indian word “Kanata”, meaning
______.
A. a settlement
B. a country
C. a meeting place
D. a colony
28. By ______, Upper Canada and Lower Canada were created.
A. Canada Act of 1791
B. Quebec Act of 1774
C. British North American Act
D. Act of Paris in 1763
29. ______ and _______ are two main federal parties in Canada.
A. The Liberal Party, the Social Credit Party
B. The Liberal Party, the Progressive Conservative Party
C. The New Democratic Party, the Social Credit Party
D. The New Democratic Party, the Progressive Conservative Party
30. Since 1971 the Canadian government has adopted a policy of ______, recognizing that
cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework is the essence of the Canadian identity.
A. assimilation
B. integration
C. multiculturalism
D. gender quality
31. The majority of French Canadians live in _______.
A. Quebec
B. Ontario
C. Newfoundland
D. Nova Scotia
32. The Parliament of Canada is made up of all the following EXCEPT _____.
A. the Crown
B. the Senate
C. the House of Commons
D. the National Assembly
33. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because it has _____.
A. the most beautiful seascape in the world
B. the greatest number of islands in the world
C. the most diverse and complex marine life in the world
D. the longest coast in the world
34. The first major discoveries, made in _____ in the early 1850s, resulted in gold rushes in
Australia.
A. Queensland
B. South Australia
C. Victoria and Tasmania
D. Victoria and New South Wales
35. It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia’s shores were ______.
A. the Dutch
B. the English
C. the Germans
D. the Spanish and the Portuguese
36. Under the Whitlam government “God Save the Queen” was replaced by _____ as
Australia’s national anthem.
A. Waltzing Matilda
B. Click Go the Shears
C. Advance Australia Fair
D. My Country
37. With regard to its size, Australia is ______ country in the world.
A. the third largest
B. the fourth largest
C. the fifth largest
D. the sixth largest
38. In Australia, the House of Representatives and the Senate have equal powers EXCEPT
that _____.
A. the House of Representatives cannot introduce money bills
B. the Senate cannot introduce money bills
C. the House of Representatives can pass laws
D. the Senate can pass laws
39. The capital of New Zealand is ________.
A. Nelson
B. Wellington
C. Melbourne
D. Dunedin
40. Which of the following about New Zealand is TRUE?
A. New Zealand is a republic.
B. New Zealand has three major political parties.
C. New Zealand has a bicameral parliament.
D. Queen Elizabeth II is represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General.
Part Two (60 points)
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in
the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
41. Why is Alfred known as “the father of the British navy”?
42. What did the destruction of the Spain Amada show?
篇2：英语国家概况期末考试
全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。
考试时间共150分钟。
Part One (40 points)
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished
statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose
the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the
letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (40
points, 1 point for each)
1. On the island of Great Britain, there are _______.
A. four political divisions --- England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
B. four political divisions --- England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland
C. three political divisions --- England, Scotland, and Wales
D. three political divisions --- England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland
2. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC?
A. Emperor Claudius
B. Julius Caesar
C. King Alfred
D. King Ethelred
3. Who is the author of Murder in the Cathedral?
A. Christopher Marlowe
B. T. S. Eliot
C. Ben Johnson
D. Thomas Becket
4. In England, the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies was _______.
A. the Cobham’s Plot
B. the Gunpowder Plot
C. the murder of Thomas Becket
D. the execution of Mary Queen of Scots
5. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of ________.
A. India
B. Australia
C. Canada
D. Newfoundland
6. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based on the theory of
______.
A. Karl Marx
B. Margaret Thatcher
C. John Maynard Keynes
D. Adam Smith
7. The Royal National Eisteddfod is a(n) _____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.
A. English
B. Scottish
C. Welsh
D. Irish
8. The British constitution is made up of the following except _______.
A. commonwealth law
B. conventions
C. common law
D. statute law
9. In Britain, capital punishment is the penalty of _______.
A. piracy
B. treason and murder
C. assassination
D. piracy and treason
10. _______ is more important than Christmas to Scots.
A. New Year’s Day
B. Whit Sunday
C. April Fool’s Day
D. Easter
11. The Hundred Years’ War with France was fought ________.
A. from 1327 to 1443
B. from 1337 to 1453
C. from 1347 to 1443
D. from 1357 to 1453
12. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver
Cromwell as _______.
A. Lord Protector
B. Lieutenant General
C. Commander of the New Modal Army
D. President
13. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______.
A. Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland
B. Southern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland
C. the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
D. Northern Ireland and Britain
14. Ireland has a bipolar political system with two major parties: _______.
A. Fianna Fail and Fine Gael
B. Sinn Fein and Fine Gael
C. Fianna Fail and Sinn Fein
D. Sinn Fein and IRA
15. _______ has been called the American Ruhr.
A. The Ohio River
B. The Mississippi
C. The Missouri
D. The Colorado
16. The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by _______.
A. all of the 13 states
B. all of the states except Maryland
C. all of the states except Rhode Island
D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention
17. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is the ______.
A. blacks
B. Hispanics
C. Asian-Americans
D. WASPs
18. The goal of Roosevelt’s New Deal was ______.
A. to change the American economic system
B. to save the American democracy and the capitalist system
C. to weaken monopoly interests in America
D. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America
19. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Louisiana was taken from Britain as a result of the war of 1812.
B. The Louisiana Territory was ceded to the United States by France.
C. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from Spain.
D. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from France.
20. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Vietnam War?
A. The United States was weakened as a result of it.
B. American society had never been so divided since the Civil War.
C. Richard Nixon changed the strategy into “Vietnamization” of the war.
D. The cease-fire agreement was signed in 1975.
21. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S.
economy EXCEPT _____.
A. the vast space and resources of the land
B. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunity
C. English as its national language
D. hard work by the people
22. America’s post-war policy toward the former Soviet Union was _______.
A. isolationism
B. containment
C. appeasement
D. neutrality
23. The second highest level of the federal judiciary in the U.S. is made up of ______.
A. the Supreme Court
B. the courts of special jurisdiction
C. the courts of appeal
D. the district courts
24. In the U.S., nearly all the ______ practice some form of open admission.
A. research universities
B. private colleges
C. public community colleges
D. specialized institutions
25. Among those American writers, ____ was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.
A. Walt Whitman
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. Mark Twain
D. Washington Irving
26. In order to remember George Washington, _______.
A. a memorial hall was built in his birthplace
B. a memorial hall was built in Washington D.C.
C. a tall white Washington Monument was built in the capital
D. an expensive car was named after him
27. The name “Canada” is believed to be derived from an Indian word “Kanata”, meaning
______.
A. a settlement
B. a country
C. a meeting place
D. a colony
28. By ______, Upper Canada and Lower Canada were created.
A. Canada Act of 1791
B. Quebec Act of 1774
C. British North American Act
D. Act of Paris in 1763
29. ______ and _______ are two main federal parties in Canada.
A. The Liberal Party, the Social Credit Party
B. The Liberal Party, the Progressive Conservative Party
C. The New Democratic Party, the Social Credit Party
D. The New Democratic Party, the Progressive Conservative Party
30. Since 1971 the Canadian government has adopted a policy of ______, recognizing that
cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework is the essence of the Canadian identity.
A. assimilation
B. integration
C. multiculturalism
D. gender quality
31. The majority of French Canadians live in _______.
A. Quebec
B. Ontario
C. Newfoundland
D. Nova Scotia
32. The Parliament of Canada is made up of all the following EXCEPT _____.
A. the Crown
B. the Senate
C. the House of Commons
D. the National Assembly
33. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because it has _____.
A. the most beautiful seascape in the world
B. the greatest number of islands in the world
C. the most diverse and complex marine life in the world
D. the longest coast in the world
34. The first major discoveries, made in _____ in the early 1850s, resulted in gold rushes in
Australia.
A. Queensland
B. South Australia
C. Victoria and Tasmania
D. Victoria and New South Wales
35. It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia’s shores were ______.
A. the Dutch
B. the English
C. the Germans
D. the Spanish and the Portuguese
36. Under the Whitlam government “God Save the Queen” was replaced by _____ as
Australia’s national anthem.
A. Waltzing Matilda
B. Click Go the Shears
C. Advance Australia Fair
D. My Country
37. With regard to its size, Australia is ______ country in the world.
A. the third largest
B. the fourth largest
C. the fifth largest
D. the sixth largest
38. In Australia, the House of Representatives and the Senate have equal powers EXCEPT
that _____.
A. the House of Representatives cannot introduce money bills
B. the Senate cannot introduce money bills
C. the House of Representatives can pass laws
D. the Senate can pass laws
39. The capital of New Zealand is ________.
A. Nelson
B. Wellington
C. Melbourne
D. Dunedin
40. Which of the following about New Zealand is TRUE?
A. New Zealand is a republic.
B. New Zealand has three major political parties.
C. New Zealand has a bicameral parliament.
D. Queen Elizabeth II is represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General.
Part Two (60 points)
II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in
the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)
41. Why is Alfred known as “the father of the British navy”?
42. What did the destruction of the Spain Amada show?
北京人文大学-第2学期期末考试
篇3：英语国家概况
一、课程定位
《英语国家概况》是高职应用英语专业学生的专业知识必修课。本课程的设置是为了使学生了解英美等几个主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯和社会生活的其它情况，以提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生的跨文化交际能力；加深对语言的理解，提高分析和批判的能力；提高学生的思想道德素质、文化素质和心理素质。为学生毕业后所从事的中小学英语教学工作打下扎实的英语文化基础知识和英语语言应用能力。
前导课程是《语音》课程、《精读》、《听说》等语言基础课程，通过这些课程的学习使学生具备扎实的英语听、说、读等基本功底，掌握英语的基本知识、为《英语国家概况》的学习打下基础。后续课程是《商务礼仪》、《英美文学》和《英美文学欣赏》。
二、课程教学目标
本课程的教学目标是使本专业学生了解六个主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯和社会生活的其它情况，使学生养成不断联系当前实际，密切关注国际局势的习惯，并能迅速准确地查阅资料，在储备丰富背景知识的同时，巩固和提高英语水平。
1、知识目标：系统了解英美国家的地理、历史、政治、经济、文化等知识。理解和掌握英美国家重要历史变革、重要人物、政治体制、经济政策。分析中西文化的差异，深刻理解洋为中用，求同存异的思想。
2、能力目标：进一步扎实学生的英语基础，扩大词汇量，扩大阅读量，用英语进行展示和演讲，学以致用，加强语言表达的流利性和准确性。能运用英语讨论和讲解地理、历史等相关的学科知识。能运用英语分析和阐述与生活紧密相关的政治、经济和文化等问题，培养良好的思辨能力。
3、素质目标：增强学生们对文化差异的敏感性和宽容性，及处理这些文化差异的灵活性。渗透了积极向上的西方人文思想，有利提升学生的人文素养，培养学生独立自信、诚信守法、回报社会的良好操守。在学习中学会合作，具有团队
精神和协作精神，有利于建立良好的师生关系、同事关系、客户关系。
三、课程设计思路
根据专业人才培养目标、中小学英语教师岗位能力需求，结合本课程的特点，确定以内容为依托的英语教学为《英语国家概况》课程设计的指导思想，一手抓英语技能的提升，一手抓学科内容的.掌握，在提高学生语言技能和学科知识的同时，提高学生思考问题，解决问题的能力。
1、以高职教育理念为指导：遵循“实用为主、够用为度”的原则，强调打好语言基础和培养语言应用能力并重；强调语言基本技能的训练和培养实际从事涉外交际活动的语言应用能力并重。重在实践，突出高职教育特色。
2、以实践教学为主导：以人才培养模式为根本，理论联系实际，在课堂上主要采取少讲多练的教学方式，通过基于工作过程中的实际翻译题材来锻炼学生及一反三的能力，以达熟能生巧。本课程重视教学过程中学生的参与度，因此通过多种教学手段最大限度地调动学生的参与，并通过参与深化理解，推动实用技能的掌握。
3、以学生为中心： “学生中心”、“做中学”、 “合作学习”和“任务学习”注重学生英语基础、学科内容掌握、职业能力和可持续发展能力的培养，采用基于网络的任务型合作教学模式。通过基于网络的学生合作学习使学生在提高英语听说读写说技能的同时，提高学生的团队合作意识和合作能力，培养良好的职业素养，为学生从事的英语教学或相关的工作打下坚实的，以完成本专业相关岗位的工作任务。
本课程在第五学期开设，总课时为20学时，周课时为1-5周4学时，具体安排详见表一和表二。
四、教学内容安排及学时分配
详见表一
五、教学实施方案设计
详见表二
六、教学实施条件
1、教师任职条件
具有扎实的语言功底，知识面广，具备一定的关于英美文化的学科知识和较
强的跨文化交际的理论知识并能应用到课堂教学中。掌握先进的教育科学技术，能进行多媒体，网络教学，能主持或参与本课程教学网络平台的建设。能够指导学生进行合作学习、指导学生利用网络进行自主学习。
2、教学资源条件
课程教学借助多媒体电子教学手段，将教材、教学参考书、和相关网络资源相结合，形成立体化的教学内容体系。
教材：《英语国家概况》 丁国声，外语教学与研究出版社出版，。 参考资料:《英美概况》(主编：张奎武)，吉林科学技术出版社，。
网络学习资源:www.whitehouse.gov/ 美国白宫官方网页；www.number10.gov.uk/ 英国唐宁街10号官方网页。
自建《英美概况》网络学习的平台，已经投入使用。
七、教学方法与手段
1、教学方法
教学充分调动学生积极性，注重语言应用，突出语言技能和思维能力的培养关注学生合作能力的提升。
（1）依托课程内容进行外语教学法。 将语言教学建基于某个学科或某种主题内容的教学之上，把语言学习与学科知识学习结合起来，在提高学生学科知识和认知能力的同时，促进其语言水平的提高。以英美国家的地理、历史、政治、经济、宗教等学科知识为依托，习得语言知识，提高英语语言技能。教师讲解课程内容，学生陈述，形成师生互动，生生互动的学习氛围。按照即主题、课文、话题、线索、任务(task)四个环节设计课堂教学，将内容和语言学习有机地结合起来，使课程设计连贯一体。每个单元的主题成为课程设计的起点，一系列支撑主题的话题被进一步开发以吸引学生的兴趣，各类与主题/话题相关的文章、课文及音像资料使学生饶有兴致地探索和学习学科内容知识。各种具体的学习任务能满足学生学习语言与学科知识的需求，各种线索和过渡
篇4：英语国家概况
手段使课程设计连贯而流畅。
（2）基于网络的任务型合作学习。本课程信息量大，内容多，需要教师从课堂教学环节引导学生有效利用网络资源进行自主学习。课外延伸两方面入手，搜集材料，制作成PPT等任务需要课外做充分的准备，这些准备工作可以以课外作
业的形式由小组共同完成。每个组员都有自己的职责，小组成员根据各自任务及时展开调查和独立研究,整理成书面意见,互相交换意见;小组长组织小组成员面对面交流发现问题,交换意见,注意思路的互相启发和修改调整;成员再进一步补充研究。在完成作业的过程中要取长补短，交流协调，逐渐学会与人合作，通过合作提高竞争。这一环节教师也可以提供思路或网址，为了促进学生之间的交流, 实现资源共享。
2、教学手段
《英美概况》网站。目前我系已开发和建立了《英美概况》的网络教学平台，此平台可供老师进行教学和学生自主学习。利用已建成的网络教学平台帮助和指导老师进行教学，方便学生在线查找资料进行有目的地自学和自我检测，并对自己的知识进行有选择的补充。另外，还可通过平台与老师进行学习互动，老师能够及时解答学生在学习中遇到的问题。
丰富的网络资源和多媒体教学资源。除了网络课程平台之外，网络也为本课程提供了最新最丰富的教学资源。学生可以利用这些资源拓展学习兴趣，完成小组学习任务。同时，积极运用现有各种音像资料，努力提高教学的效果。
八、考核评价
1、考核方式
本课程考核方式为：笔试+技能测试
2、考核分值比例
本课程考核分值比例为：平时30%+技能测试30%+期终考试40%。其中，平时成绩为练习作业占15%、课堂表现占15%；技能测试为小组展示，占总成绩的30%；期终考试是试卷考核，占总成绩的40%。
3、技能考核项目、考核项目评分标准
技能考核项目：
考核项目评分标准：
4、期末考核及评分标准
本课程期末考核为试卷考核，具体见试卷标准答案。
九、其他说明
本课程适用于应用英语专业。
表一
教学内容安排及学时分配
表二
教学实施方案设计
篇5：中国概况 期末考试
中国文化概况期末复习
一、名词解释
1、the Grand Canal
The most famous man-made canal in China is the Grand Canal between Beijing and Hangzhou,1801km in length.It Passes through the city of Tianjin and four provinces and links five major rivers.The canal was open to navigation over 1000 years ago.It played and important role in facilitating trade between the south and the north and was regarded as the country's transportation and information“highway”before the advent of the railway.
2、the White Horse Temple
The White Horse Temple,located 21 kilometres east of the Louyang City, Henan Province,was the first officially built Buddhist temple in China in the Eastern Han Dynasty.It was named after the white horse that carried the Buddhist scriptures from India to Luoyang, then the capital of the country.
3、the Book of Songs
The Book of Songs is a collection of China's 305 oldest poems from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle Spring and Autumn Period, and is regarded as the earliest realistic literature in China.
4、the Four Literary Eminences
The Four Literary Eminences refer to the four pre-eminent poets of the early Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Luo Binwang, and Lu Zhaolin, the pioneers of Tang poetry.Their poems, in a refined language, boast beautiful tonal patterns and rhyme schemes.
5、Beijing Opera
Beijing Opera is regarded as China's national opera.Singing, recitation,acting, and acrobatic fighting are the four artistic means and the four basic skills of Beijing Opera.
6、Shaanxi Opera
Shanxi Opera，the oldest of all the Chinese operas that are still in existence today, is the typical opera popular of Shaanxi Province.
7、Yue Opera(越剧)
Yue Opera is one type of traditional local operas that originated in Shengxian County,Zhejiang Province, but it is popular throughout Zhejiang Province and Shanghai as well as in many large and medium-sized cities throughout the country.
8、Yue Opera(粤剧)
Yue Opera is one type of traditional local operas,popular in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces and in Chinese communities in South Asia and America.
9、Private Schools
A private school refers to a school set up by a family, generally with just one teacher who gave individual tuition, and with neither set textbooks nor specified time span of study.
10、Official Schools
Official Schools began during the Western Zhou Dynasty, and were sponsored by the official constitution called xiangxue.Only children of nobles were admitted.The official schooling system included a central school and local schools in different administrative regions.The teaching materials were centered on The Four Books and The Five Classics.
11、Ping-Pong Diplomacy
In April 1971, at the 31st World Table Tennis Tournament in Japan, the Chinese team invited the United States table tennis(Ping-Pong)team to visit China.In 1972, the Chinese table tennis team accepted the invitation to pay return visit to the United States.The friendly exchange between the table tennis players of the two countries opened the door to warmer relations between the table tennis players of the two countries opened the door to warmer relations between the Chinese and American nations, and become known as “Ping-Pong Diplomacy”.
12、Spring Festival
Spring Festival, also called the Chinese New Year,is China's most important festival that falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month each year.Family members gather just as they do for Christmas in the West.
13、Lantern Festival
The Lantern Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the first lunar month, is closely related to the Spring Festival.It marks the end of the New Year celebrations, following which life returns to normal.
14、the Silk Road
The Silk Road was the main trade route running through Asia in ancient times.It started from the Weishui Valley in the east and ended on the east coast of the Mediterranean,from where it led to various places around Europe.From the Western Han Dynasty on,China and the West was formed, and cultural exchanges and friendly visits were promoted.
15、Chinese batik
Batik is a traditional Chinese folk art, which combines painting and dyeing.It presents a variety of ethnic styles and is most popular among the Buyi, the Miao and the Yao ethnic group.
16、Huabiao
Huabiao are paired ceremonial columns erected in front of palace or tomb, usually carved with dragon and phoenix patterns, with a transverse-engraved stone slab on its top.
17、the Bund
The 1.5 km belt along the Huangpu River between Waibaidu Bridge and East Yan'an Road is called the Bund.Here, those European-style buildings, once housed foreign consulates,banks ,commercial firms and newspaper offices, are still in use today.When evening comes, the banks of the Huangpu River are busy with strolling young couples and throngs of foreign tourists.
二、填空
1、The red colour of the national flag of the PRC symbolises revolution and the yellow colour of the stars the golden brilliant rays radiating from the vast red land.The design of four smallerstars surrounding a bigger one signifies the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.
2、China is a country of varied topographical features with highlands in the west and plains inthe east.Mountainous land and very rough terrains make up about 67% of Chinese territory,basinsand plains 33%.
3、Of the many Buddhist Mountains,Mount Wutai,MountEmei, MountPutuo andMountJiuhua are accepted as the Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains in China.
4、Among the literary giants, Li Bai and Du Fu are regarded as the twin master of the Tang Dynasty.
5、Du Fu,the “Saint Poet”,has been regarded as the greatest realistic poet in Chinese literature.
6、Li Bai,the “Celestial Poet”,has long been considered the greatest romantic poet in Chinese
literature.
7、Undergraduate studies cover basic courses, specialty basic courses,andspecialty
courses.College and university students also have a wide choice of extracurricular activitiesand every institution of higher learning has a student association practicing “self-management,self-education,and self-service.”
8、Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty,whose monumental masterpiece,Compendium of Meteria
Medica, includes 1892 medicinal substances,11096 prescriptions, and 1162 illustrations.Eight
hundred and thirty-five years earlier than the next pharmacopeia in the world,this book has been translated into various languages and circulated throughout many countries.
9、Qigong is divided into two categories:the torso and training specific arm and leg muscles
10、The “five-animal exercise”is a set of health-building exercise imitating the movements of
five animals---tiger, deer, bear, ape and bird.
11、Generally speaking, there are three essential factors by which Chinese cooking is judged,
namely colour,aroma,and taste,with taste being the most important.
12、At a formal banquet,the host prepares adequate seating for the guests.Special guests and the elderly sit on the north side of the table or directly facing the entrance to the room.The concept of “honored south,humble north”is closely related with Chinese traditional etiquette. 13、The layout of ancient architecture is plain;flexible;beautiful.
14、The glaze was normally in one of four colours:yellow,green,blue,black.
15、The Thirteen Ming Tombs are situated at the foot of the Heavenly Longevity Mountain to
the northwest of Beijing.Among the
16 emperors in the Ming Dynasty,13 were buried in the Ming
tomb area, along with 23 empresses,and many concubines, princes, princesses and maids. 三、翻译 Chinese pagodas come in various sizes and shapes.Some resembles towers, others pavilions and still others are similar to pyramids.Some stand alone,and others have been built in clusters.
四、简答
1、The development of ancient Chinese philosophy
In general,ancient Chinese philosophy progresses through the following periods: ①The philosophy in pre-Qin times The philosophy in pre-Qin times was marked by the emergence of various ancient philosophical views.The most influential schools were Confucianism,Taoism, Mohism and Legalism. ②The orthodox philosophy during the Han Dynasty ③Metaphysics during the Wei and Jin dynasties ④The Buddhist philosophy during the Sui and Tang dynasties ⑤Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties ⑥Application philosophy in the Ming and Qing dynasties 2、Four treasures of the study
Four treasures of the study refers to the writing brush, ink stick,paper and ink stone.It is widely accepted that the best of each of these items is represented by the Hu brush,Hui ink stick, Xuan paper,and Duan ink stone, all being highly valued in both China and abroad.
3、The Features of Chinese food ①colour, aroma, and taste ②cooling method
篇6：美国概况期末考试
美国考点
1、Melting Pot :The USA is honorably called “Melting Pot”,a phrase commonly used to signify the mixture and assimilation of different races that have immigrated into the US.
2、Capital:Washington D.C
3、Thomas Jefferson was the first president inaugurated there.
4、The White House is the official presidential residence.
5、The Big Apple:New York City is often called “The Big Apple”,which was termed by jazz musician to describe something that is the ultimate in size,excitement and achievement.
6、Committee of Correspondence----Sons of Liberty自由之子组织 An organization before the American Independence War.In 1772,at the suggestion of Samuel Adams,the Boston town meeting appointed a “Committee of Correspondence” to get in touch with people of other towns of the colonies about England’s treatment of the settlers.
7、the Declaration o independence<独立宣言> According to the development of the situation,the Second Continental Congress which was still in session decided to draw up a declaration of independence at the suggestion of Richard Herry Lee,a representative of Virginia.The document was drawn by a committee including Thomas Jefferson as head. On July 4th ,1776,the document was accepted by the Congress and since then July 4th has been observed as National Day of the United States.
8、Monroe Doctrine门罗主义 Not long after the war of 1812,some European colonies in South Africa began to revolt and many of them started independent republics,such as Chile,Peru,Mexico and Brazil.So some European countries formed a group called the Holy Alliance(神圣同盟)which seemed ready to help put down the South America revolutions.The United States thought it was unfavorable to her if the Holy Alliance extended its influence in South America.In 1823 President Monroe sent a message to Congress.This is known as “Monroe Doctrine”.The main points are ：
① The European countries ought not to start any new colonies in North or South America.
② The European Countries ought not to interfere with the newly---established South American republics.
③ The United States ought not to interfere in the affairs of European countries .
This Monroe Doctrine stopped the Holy Alliance’s program ,and prevented the European countries from extending their influence in South American.However,it also revealed that the United States meant to control the whole of the Americas.The “Monroe Doctrine” marked a new beginning in American history and it was an important symbol of America expansionism.
9、The American Civil War
10、(1)Q:What was the situation before the Civil War?And why was the war inevitable?(lasted 4 years,1861~1865) A:
1)Three Great Tides.
①The first tide was the “Westward Movement”.Between 1815 and 1830 over 500,000 Europeans came into the United States.Theses immigrants,landless farmers,and jobless workers moved westward to the vast area of wilderness.
② The second tide was about the two economic systems in the North and the South.----Industrial and Plantation.(工业经济与种植园经济)This was the main cause of the conflict and also the main cause of the Civil War between the North and the South.
③ The third tide was the growth of the working class.The Western Movement,the two different economic systems of the North and the South and the upsurge of the worker’s movement formed the main aspects of the situation before the Civil War.
2)The Slavery Problem Shortly after the revolution the Northern states began to get rid of their slaves because slave labor wars not profitable. 1852---”Uncle Tom’s Cabin”came out,written by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
3)The Political Conflicts
①the Republicans and the Democrats
篇7：关于美国大学期末考试概况
又到一年期末冲刺时节，经历过平时上课随意、考前突击复习、考完立马忘光的国内大学三部曲洗礼的人都明白，眼下正是临阵磨枪不亮也光的关键时刻，不少大学生们直呼通宵复习好苦逼! 那么在眼下最热门的留学国DD美国，那里的大学期末考试又是怎样的呢?目前在华盛顿大学(全美42位)就读的陈同学说：美国大学期末考试不会很紧张，考前也不用突击，基本比较平稳地准备就能考好。
人物介绍：陈同学，计算机工程专业，大一第一学期结束维持GPA4.0满分，受邀参加优秀留学生颁奖晚会，刚下飞机驱车数小时回绍兴后还没倒时差就再自己开车赶赴杭州会场。还是准新生的他被颁奖现场的浓烈气氛感染，信心满满地准备冲刺优秀留学生奖项!
期末考：只占GPA35%
美国的大学绩点计算不同于国内，是由多部分组成，期末考试只是其中重要的一项，只要平时作业都能较好完成，就算期末考试发挥失常也不会严重影响GPA。这样不但减轻了备考压力，对学生学业的评定也更为客观公正。
不同学校和专业期末考试所占GPA比重略有不同，基本在30~40%左右，陈同学就读的华大就占35%。
考试中：有些允许带小抄
小抄并不是开卷考，而是学校允许的固定大小的卡片。在某些课程的考试中，学生可以在卡片上抄好一些复杂的公示或者原理，直接带进考场答题。据陈同学介绍，美国大学的考试目的很明确，重在应用而非识记。有些考试甚至会在试卷上就有公式罗列，不需要学生花时间精力去记忆，能用它们正确解题就能拿分。
考场大：随便坐不能中途离开
区别于国内考场事先被安排座位，陈同学形容：美国大学的考场大家几乎是挤着坐。除了不指定安排考位，一般大一大二学生选择的热门基础课程都是几百人同时考，7-8个教师巡场监考。考试时间基本在2-3小时，中途基本不允许离开，但允许自由交卷。
和国内大学一样，在考试之前国外的教授也会告诉学生期末会考哪些章节和知识点，但考试的内容与讲课内容一致，不会考没讲过的内容来刁难学生。已经拿到第一学期GPA满分4.0的陈同学说：期末考试的内容跟平时讲课和作业的内容差不多，只要平时作业认真完成了，复习起来也不难。在PA(助教)批改完试卷后就能在校网上查到自己每门课的成绩了。
作业严：全美网上系统完成
既然美国大学的期末考试并不是拿到好成绩的决定因素，那么平时作业是否会有空子可钻?陈同学回答说：不可能。
在美国大学有一套课后作业网上系统，一般每周教授们会根据授课内容布置1次作业，学生在指定时间范围内用电脑答题交卷，立刻就能知道自己的成绩。当然还有一些论文、小组课题之类的作业，由教授综合评分。
篇8：一些国家工伤保险制度概况
一些国家工伤保险制度概况
不论是发达国家还是发展中国家,不管其政治、经济和社会背景有什么不同,大都在不同程度上实行了工伤保险制度,以适应社会和人们的需求.各国的工伤保险制度有许多共同点,也存在一些差异.
作 者：杨乃莲 作者单位： 刊 名：现代职业安全 英文刊名：MODERN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY 年，卷(期)：2003 “”(3) 分类号：F8 关键词：
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