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时态和语态教学案例(人教版英语高考复习)

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下面是小编帮大家整理的时态和语态教学案例(人教版英语高考复习)，本文共16篇，希望对大家有所帮助。

篇1：时态和语态教学案例(人教版英语高考复习)

【北京卷,21】Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.

A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词时态和语态。

【解析】句意为“就在二战爆发前，美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验。”首先考虑语态，主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现the second war是过去的时间点，before the second war是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。选D。

【2011北京卷,23】Tom in the library every night over the last three months.

A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working

【答案】C

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“在过去的三个月里，Tom每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。”题干中出现的over the last three months，是明显提示用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选C。

【2011北京卷,27】--That must have been a long trip.

--Yeah, it us a whole week to get there.

A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking

【答案】C

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“--那一定是长途旅行。--是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况，排除A和B，D项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此选C。

【2011北京卷,32】--Bob has gone to California.

--Oh, can you tell me when he ?

A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“--Bob已经去了加利福尼亚。--噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？”Bob has gone to California，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。选B。

【2011天津卷,3】In the last few years thousands of films all over the world.

A.have produced B. have been produced C. are producingD. are being produced

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。

【解析】句意为“在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选B。

【2011天津卷,4】On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.

A.isB.has been C.will be D.will have been

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“等到下次生日的时候，Ann结婚有二十年了。”her next birthday是将来的时间，for twenty years是个时间段。将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态，故选D。

【2011上海春招,29】I’m sure you will do better in the test because you so hard this year.

A. studied B. had studied

C. will study D. have been studying

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句I’m sure you will do better交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时，只能用现在时。this year今年，是个时间段。D项 have been studying表示一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成进行时。选D。

【2011上海春招,32】A lot of people often forget that oral exams to test our communicative ability.

A. design B. are designed

C. are designing D. are being designed

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。

【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选B。

【2011山东卷,31】When I got on the bus, I I had left my wallet at home.

A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“当我上了车后，我才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”I had left my wallet at home发生在realized之前，前一句When I got on the bus给出的时间起点是过去时，故选B。

【2011山东卷,35】She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child everything!

A. had been e ating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过去的过去。故选B。

【2011江苏卷,21】--I hear you in a pub. what’s it like?

--Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.

A.are working B.will work C.were working D.will be working

【答案】A

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“--我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？--咳，这是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选A。

【2011江苏卷,23】--Tommy is planning to buy a car.

--I know. By next month, he enough for a used one.

A. saves B .saved C.will save D. will have saved

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“--Tommy将计划买车。--我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成“积攒足够钱”的动作，对将来的时间next month产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选D。

【2011福建卷,32】Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they

from China.

A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“上个月，日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed是过去时，接受中国的援助发生在expressed之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。选D。

【2011安徽卷, 32】--I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk? --I put

试题下载地址1 试题下载地址2

篇2：关于高考英语复习时态和语态

时态语态：

要做好动词时态语态题，除了必须掌握各种时态的结构、含义和用法外，还要注意体会动词在具体的语言环境中的使用。语态通常结合时态一起考查，解题时一定要结合语境，弄清时间先后关系，可根据不同情况采取“找标法(寻找时间标志词)”、“呼应法(主从句时态呼应)”、“搭配法(固定搭配)”、“语境法(事情发生的环境)”等解题技巧。

时态和语态是很重要的考点：

have been painting all day/be always doing/I did lock it/will still be sleeping/will have left The papers are still being corrected/It is being served in the dining room.

【真题】 The moment I got home, I found I _______ my jacket on the playground. (陕西卷)

A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving

【解析】A。I found后接宾语从句，结合“呼应法”和“语境法”，由于主句动词使用了一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，应使用过去完成时。

【真题】―Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?

―Yes, I did. You know, my brother _______ in the match. (安徽卷)

A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played

【解析】B。运用“语境法”，结合上下文语境可知，“我”看了昨天的比赛是因为“我弟弟当时正在参加比赛”，指过去正在发生的动作或状态应使用过去进行时。

【模拟题】― Have you seen my email about our TESL project?

― Yes. Luckily, I checked my emails yesterday. Normally, I _____ my email-box for days.(徐州二检)

A. haven‘t opened B. didn‘t open C. hadn‘t opened D. don‘t open

【解析】D。normally表明这是一个习惯性的动作，故用一般现在时。

[关于高考英语复习时态和语态]

篇3：动词的时态语态 (人教版高考复习英语下册教学论文)

动词的时态语态

1.时态

时态用法例示

一般现在时现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常与usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day 等时间状语连用 We always care for each other and help each other.

He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.

主语现在的特征，性格和状态 She is always ready to help others.

-do you sing? –a little

客观规律，正确事实或科学真理，格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在 All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.

Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.

在由连词if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引起的时间（条件，让步）状语从句，需用一般现在时表将来。 Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.

However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants.

安排，或计划要做的动作（有时间状语）限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一类动词。 The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.

一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, in , two years ago ,last month, the day before yesterday, the other day 等表示过去的时间状语连用。 The Great Wall came into being in 221BC.

过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的行为，常与every day, often, sometimes等时间状语连用，used to , would常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为。Would 不接表示认识或状态的词，但used to 不受限制。 When I was in the factory, I often worked in the workshop.

We used to get up at five every morning when were at school.

We would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English.

He used to like football when I was at middle school.

过去发生的一系列动作 The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.

在时间，条件，方式让步状语从句中用一般过去时表过去将来时。

He said he would let us know if he got any news.

He promised that he would buy some copies for us when he went there.

I didn’t know you bought the present for me.

语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚刚，刚才，”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”

一般将来时 Shall/will +动词原形1 单纯表将来2 不用于条件句中3 表必然的将来4 表意愿，决心 He will be thirty years old next year.

If you will wait here, the manage will be back 10 mins later.

Be going to 1计划打算干2, 客观迹象预示 Look at the clouds, there is going to be a storm.

If you are going to do it, you had better do it well.

Be on the point of /be about to 不与时间状语连用，但可和when 从句连用

Be to 1 预定要做 2 表示命令，禁止应该3 注定 We are to finish the work before five this year.

No one is to leave the cinema without the police’s police’s permission

瞬间动词的现在进行时表将来。 Go start, set out, leave , reach, arrive, return, come, move, take off They are moving Nanjing for Guangzhou on Sunday.

祈使句/短语+and/or +主语+will

Work hard and you’ll succeed

A bit more effort, and you will succeed.

将来完成时表示在将来的一个特定时刻将成为过去的动作或该时刻刚刚结束的动作 I shall have finished this one before lunch.

I hope we'll have got the instructions (说明书) ready before you come tomorrow.

过去将来时 Was/were going to

Was/were to

Was about to

Was/were + 现在分词

Was/were on the point of

现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作 Look! The boy is dozing off.

表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定正在进行） How are you getting along with your English these days.

表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶。（常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用） The children are always making trouble.

She is always asking the same question.

瞬间动词表将来

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上下文暗示外，一般和时间状语连用。

表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶。（常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用）

瞬间动词表将来

描写故事的背景 It was winter. The north wind has blowing hard and a heavy snow was falling. A poor little girl was walking in the street.

用在复合句中

He was reading while his wife was cooking.

While he was driving, he was thinking about the matter.

不与时间状语连用，表示逐渐的发展 It was getting darker.

现在完成时对现在的影响或动作与状态的持续

常与有介词for, during, in within, over 引导的时间状语连用 We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 weeks.

I haven’t seen him in the recent years.

表示反复或习惯性的动作，常与

several times, once, twice, 等频度副词

连用 I have watched him several times.

He has been to London twice.

用在时间，条件状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作之前已完成。 I will give my opinion after I have read through the book.

We will set out at once if the rain has stopped

现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续到现在，甚至将来。（强调进行的过程） He is ill. he has been lying in bed for three weeks.

She is very tired. she has been typing letters all day.

一直到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.

过去完成时表示过去的过去；一直延续到过去某一点的动作或状态。 I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990

表示原本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。常用此结构德动词有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等 We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to.

They had expected to get what they needed, but there was nothing there.

用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中 I had no sooner returned than he called.

时态比较过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。一般过去时表示动作的完成 Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.

Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.

现在完成时强调结果或动作已完成

现在完成进行时强调动作在继续 We have discussed the question with him.

We have been discussing the question with him all evening.

固定句型 By the end of By the end of last term, we had learned words.

By the end of this term, we will have learned…

It is the first time

It was the first time

It is high time that It is the first time that you have visited our school.

It was the first time that you had visited…

It is high time that you came here.

2．语态

主动表被动及物动词作不及物用＋副词（hardly, easily, badly, nicely, well, smoothly）等时。常用动词有act, add, bend, close, lock, cut, begin, move, open, read, sell, teach, translate, wash, wear, write 等，主语往往是物而不是人。 The pen write well.

Wood burns easily.

The car drives smoothly.

The case locks easily.

形容词＋不定式结构中，不定式与句子主语有动宾关系时。

要注意如果句中的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时用主动语态，否则用被动。 The picture is pleasant to look at.

I found his theory hard to understand.

I found my theory hard to be understood.

介词短语 in sight, on show, on sale, under construction作表语或定语表被动。 The new railway under construction will be completed soon.

Be worth, be missing , in need of , remaining, want/need/require be to blame be to let The teaching method is in need of improving.

There is no remaining money here.

The house is to let

连系动词：表感觉的 appear, feel, prove, taste ,表变化的 become, come fall, grow, turn,表依旧的continue, lie, remain, stay, stand Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.

某些动词以物做主语，进行时表被动eg. Print, cook, fry, hang, build, make The dinner is cooking.

The book is printing.

The house is building.

被动表主动 Burn, devote, dress, hide, seat, love, wear, tire+oneself +介词＝be+ed +介词 He seats himself on the bench.

Affect, amuse, astonish, delight, disappoint, discourage, encourage, excite, frighten, inspire, move, strike, touch, upset, worry等用于 sb+be+ed sth+be + ing 作定语ed+sb ing+sth He was too frightened to move.

不用被动语态 Come about, occur, break out, belong to, happen, succeed, fail, add up to, take place, come into being, cost, set sail for, take part in, give out, come true, lose heart, play a part in

双重被动式常用的动词有wish, expect, advise, mean, believe, suppose, order, allow The book is believed to have been translated into French.

The sports meet was never expected to be put off.

Get, become, go ,come ,feel, grow, seem, look 可以作为系动词在口语中使用 I grew excited and a little frightened.

He seemed satisfied with my offer

Five soldiers got wounded in the battle.

高考对于进行体的常考点

1．一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。

Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.

As he was reading the newspaper, granny fell asleep.

2. 表示动作的未完性，暂时性。

I don’t really work here. I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.

Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.

3. 表示现在或当时发展中或正在进行的情况。

I don’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space.

I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at that time.

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇4：高考英语时态语态解题技巧

一般将来时的用法：

由 will 加动词原形构成，当主语是第一人称时，也可以用 shall 加动词原形。如：

Telephone me this evening. I’ll be at home. 今晚给我打电话，我会在家。

I’ll (shall/will) do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。

注意：

1. will还可用来表示同意或“不能”。如：

Come and see me tomorrow. Yes，I will. 明天来找我。——好的。

一Don’t be late. 一No，I won’t. 别来晚了。——不会晚的。

The car won’t start. 车开不了啦。

Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。

2. 表示临时的决定，只能用 will 加动词原形。如：

-You’ve left the light on. 你忘记关灯了。

-Oh, so I have. I’ll go and turn it off. 啊!那我去关。

3. 在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中，陈述句中只能用will或情态动词加动词原形。如：

Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，你就会通过考试。

4. 在条件句中表示将来不用will，而用一般现在时、be going to(打算) 或be to(为人所控制的动作) 等。若你见到在条件句中用了will，那 will 就是表示“愿意”的情态动词。如：

Let her do that if she will. 如果她愿意，就让她那样做。

过去进行时讲解：

一、过去进行时的定义

过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：

I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时，我正在跟李华谈话。

I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。

二、如何理解过去进行时：

大家知道，过去进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情况。由此可推知，过去进行时就是表示在过去某时正在进行的动作或发生的情况。如汉语说“我进来时他正在吃饭”，如果“进来”发生在过去，那么“正在吃饭”显然就是过去某时正在进行的动作——也就是说，“进来”用一般过去时，“正在吃饭”就要用过去进行时。

现在进行时的用法：

■表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。如：

They’re having a meeting. 他们在开会。

I’m studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。

■表示计划或安排好了的将来动作，常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。如：

Mike is coming home on Thursday. 迈克星期四回来。

They’re having a party next week. 下星期他们将开一个晚会。

注：表示安排将要做的事，人作主语宜用现在进行时，事物作主语，宜用一般现在时。试比较：

I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。(不宜说I don’t…)

The concert starts at 7: 30. 音乐会七点半开始。

篇5：高考英语时态语态解题技巧

一、找共同点。

比如说有一道题的选项有四个：

A.study B.to study C.learning D.to read

可以看出，其中的study有两个;其中的不定式也有两个。所以两个显著特点集于一身的to study的选择可能性就十分的大。

二、找矛盾点(适用于单选)。

比如一道题问：

下列关于密度的说法中，错误的是：

其中，有两个这样的选项：

B.质量相同，体积大的物体密度小。

D.质量相同，体积大的物体密度大。

这就可以看出，一定其中有一个是错误的——唉，你别笑!有很多的题中，都会有矛盾的地方。只要找出矛盾，再蒙的几率就大多了。

三、培养“蒙感”

这个所谓“蒙感”，就是这蒙题的感觉。因为不可能一面卷子上你一道题也不会做(当然也有例外)，你也有很大可能有不会做的题。这时，就要看蒙题的感觉了。所有考试的人都知道，选择题中选择B、C选项的占绝大多数。所以遇到不会的题，就往B、C上靠，几率会大一点。

高考英语怎样复习

1. 词汇：词汇是组成英语知识大厦的基石，英语词汇量的多少标志着你的英语水平。扩大词汇量的好方法是：把阅读材料中以及练习题的生词和短语全都标出，在字典中查一遍，注上音标，注解和典型用法。但是，还有几十天就要高考的情况下，有些同学如果单词还没有过关，这里有个建议。高考复习时的那份高考词汇表，包括了高考要考的所有词汇。在最后阶段，大家可以将词汇表从头到尾背3-4遍。

首先把词汇表过一遍，熟悉和简单的一带而过。重点放在不熟悉的和重要的词汇上。把不熟悉的单词一定用特殊颜色的笔记号下来，然后下次专门反复阅读。而重要的词汇就是你在考试中经常见到，而又一知半解的词汇。这些词汇一定要用字典认真查出，加以记忆。

2. 语法：在复习语法的时候，注意查漏补缺，扫除盲点。认真对待所有的语法题目。在对答案和讲评时，则一定要把错的更正，把知识点记忆一遍。查找自己知识结构中存在的缺陷，扫除知识的盲点。在语法题方面，不妨以配备一本专门的“错题本”.有时间就经常翻看，解决记忆问题。

3. 完形填空：多做练习，做完之后全文读一遍，建立自己的语感，有助于以后的做题。同时，建议大家一边读一边做，能确定的就选择了，不确定的就标记上，暂时不管。第二遍的时候再通过对上下文的理解去分析不确定的选项。这样可以节省时间，而正确率也能有所提高。

4. 阅读理解：阅读量大，分值高。“得阅读者得天下”.平时要多做阅读，多做限定时间的阅读。做题时先粗看全文，理出文章的“坨”(大体意思)，再看问题，根据问题的特点，再带着问题在文章中找出细节的支持点来5. 七选五：此道题是一个新点。建议大家多找一些练习。注意七个选项中的有信息意义的实词，利用上下文重复的原理来做出推理判断。此外，值得注意的是：逻辑关联词和代词的代指关系在解题时尤为重要!

6. 作文：首先注意的是书写工整。给阅卷老师一个良好的印象，这是你成功的第一步。

注意事项

在下面写好并且记忆下来开头的一两个句子和结尾的句子，考试时进行改写放上去。同时，千万不要因追求“花样”句型而出错。宁可用一些朴实的简单句，保证用对即可。最重要的是，一定要把要点写全，不要过分想象。

篇6：英语高考复习讲与练（9）动词时态和语态

一、考点聚焦

1、动词时态考查要点简述

（1）一般现在时考点分析

①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制）

The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

Water boils at 100oC.

②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。

Ice feels cold.

We always care for each other and help each other.

③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：

I know what you mean.

Smith owns a car and a house.

All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.

④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。

If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。

The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.

Tomorrow is Wednesday.

（2）一般过去时的考点分析（考核重点）。

①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：

I met her in the street yesterday.

I once saw the famous star here.

They never drank wine.

I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn’t.

②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如：

He told me he read an interesting novel last night.

③表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。

The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.

He bought a watch but lost it.

④常用一般过去时的句型：

Why didn’t you / I think of that?

I didn’t notice it.

I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.

I didn’t recognize him.

（3）一般将来时考点分析。

①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。

②表示一种趋向或习惯动作。

We’ll die without air or water.

③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。

④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：

be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。

be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如：

If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)

If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)

be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。

A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.

be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。

Autumn harvest is about to start.

（4）现在进行时考点分析。

①表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时；表近期特定的安排或计划；go、come等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时。如：

It is raining now.

He is teaching English and learning Chinese.

I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.

We are leaving on Friday.

At six I am bathing the baby.(I start bathing the bady before six.)

The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always、often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩)

②下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。（B）表存在的状态的动词：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on。（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。（D）表示感官的动词：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。

（5）过去完成时考点分析（考核重点）。

①常用过去完成时的几种情况：（A）在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。如：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. (B)表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/

though / wanted / expected等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned … + to have done。（C）“时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。如：He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.（D）表示“一……就”的几个句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / before + 一般过去时。如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.

②在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。

After he (had)left the room, the boss came in.

We arrived home before it snowed.

（6）过去将来时考点分析。

参照一般将来时对比：用would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去将来；come、go、leave等过去进行时表过去将来时；was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表过去将来。

（7）过去进行时考点分析。

①过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。

②某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。

（8）现在完成时考点分析。

①现在完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。

②下列句型中常用现在完成时

It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句

This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时

This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时

This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时

③在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。如：

I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.

If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

（9）注意几组时态的区别：

①一般过去时与现在完成时：时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago、last year、just now、the other day等。

结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。

②过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作（“连谓”）形式则只用一般过去时即可。

2、被动语态考查要点简述

被动语态的构成方式：be + 过去分词，口语只也有用get / become + 过去分词表示。被动语态的基本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态（by短语有时可以省略）。

（1）使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。

①主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。看下列例句。

My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.

An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.

I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.

②主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加to。

The boss made him work all day long.

He was made to work all day long(by the boss)

③短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。

The children were taken good care of (by her).

Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.

④情态动词和be going to、be to、be sure to、used to、have to、had better等结构变被动语态，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be +过去分词。

⑤当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被动语态有两种形式：（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示。如：

People say he is a smart boy.

It is said that he is a smart boy.

He is said to be a smart boy.

People know paper was made in China first.

It is known that paper was made in China first.

Paper was known to be made in China first.

类似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that …

（2）不能用被动语态的几种情况。

①所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。

②表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、look like、consist to等。

③表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。

④表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。

⑤宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。

⑥宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。

⑦有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell、write、wash、open、lock等。

（3）主动形式表被动意义。

①当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。

This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗。

These novels won’t sell well.这些小说不畅销。

My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅。

The door won’t lock.门锁不上。

The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香。

②当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。

The plan worked out successfully.

The lamps on the wall turn off.

③want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。

④be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。

⑤在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。

This kind of water isn’t fit to drink.

The girl isn’t easy to get along with.

另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。

（4）被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。

①be seated坐着

He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。

②be hidden躲藏

He was hidden behind the door.(He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。

③be lost迷路

④be drunk喝醉

⑤be dressed穿着

The girl was dressed in a red short skirt.

（5）被动语态与系表结构的区别

被动语态强调动作；系表结构表主语的特点或状态。如：

The book was sold by a certain bookstore.(被动语态)

The book is well sold.(系表结构)

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1. Visitors ________not to touch the exhibits.(NMET )

A.will request B.are requested

C.are requesting D.request

解析：答案为B。此题的时态是不难判断的，因为说的是一条规定，所以用一般现在时，而visitor与request之间是动宾关系，即request visitors not to touch the exhibits,究竟是谁要求他们这样做呢？不清楚，也不必知道，因此需要用被动语态。分析visitors与request之间的关系是此题的解题关键。

2. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology __________ so rapidly.(NMET 2001)

A.is changing B.has changed

C.will have changed D.will change

解析：答案为A。此题考查现在进行时态的用法。句意为“选择一部移动电话不是一件容易的事，因为科技发展得十分迅速。”本句的主句一般现在时表达的是目前的情况，而“科技发展迅速”也是现阶段正存在的一种状态，不是在过去，也不是在将来，因此只能用现在进行时表达。

3. All the preparations for the task ___________, and we’re ready to start.（春季高考）

A.completed B.complete

C.had been completed D.have been completed

解析：答案为D。现在完成时表示过去年做的事对现在的影响。从and we’re ready to start句意可知，一切准备工作已经就绪，可以开始工作了。complete是及物动词，与句子的主语是被动关系，所以需要用被动语态表达。注意①分清complete与主语之间的关系；②结合语境选择正确时态。

动词的时态与语态

1．-We could have walked to the station．It was so near．

-Yes．A taxi at all necessary．

A．wasn’t B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．won’t be

2．When I got to the cinema，the film for the minutes．

A．has begun B．had begun C．had been on D．was on

3．If city noises from increasing，people shout to be heard even at the dinner table．

A． are not kept；will have to B．are not kept；have to

C．do not keep；will have to D．do not keep；have to

4．In some parts of the world，tea with milk and sugar.

A．is serving B．is severed C．serves D．served

5．-Do you like the material?

-Yes，it vety soft．

A．is feeling B．felt C．feels D．is felt

6．I don’t really work here．I until the new secretary arrives．

A．just help out B．have just helped out C．am just helping out D．will just help out

7．-You haven’t been to Beijing，have you?

- ．How I wish to go there!

A．Yes．I have B．Yes，I haven’t C．No．I have D．No，I haven’t

8．It is reported that by the end of this year，another school will ．

A．be built B．have built C．have been built D．have be built

9．-Hey，look where you are going!

- --0h，I’m terribly sorry．．

A．I’m not noticing B．1 wasn’t noticing C．I haven’t noticed D．I don’t notice

10．-How are you today?

- --Oh，I as ill as I do now for a long time．

A．didn’t feel B．wasn’t feeling C．don’t fee D．haven’t felt

l1．Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while，but soon to his old ways．

A．returned B．returns C．was returning D．had returned

12．All the preparations for the task ，and we’re ready to start．

A．completed B．complete C．had been completed D．have been completed

13．He to the lab than he set out to do the experiment．

A．has no sooner got B．was supposed to

C．will no sooner get D．have no sooner got

14．The train arrive at 11：30 but it was an hour late．

A．would suppose B．was supposed to C．is supposed to D．supposed to

15．He stepped into the office， down and began to fill in the forms．

A．sitting B．to sit C．sat D．having sat

16．The little girl her heart out because she her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it．

A．had cried；1ost B．cried；had lose

C．has cried；has lost D．cries；has 1ost

17．Both my brothers work at the power station that at my home town．

A．has set up B．has been set up C．was set up D．is set up

18．Linda has 1ost her passport again．It’s the second time this ．

A．has happened B．has been happened C．happened D．happens

19．-Sorry，I forgot to post the letter for you.

-Never mind， it myself tonight．

A．I’m going to post B．I’d better to post

C．I’ll post D．I’d rather post

20．He his leg when he in a football match against another schoo1．

A．broke；played B．was breaking；was playing

C．broke；was playing D．was breaking；played

21．-Where the recorder? I Can’t see it anywhere．

-I it right here．But now it’s gone．

A．did you put；have put B．have you put put

C．had you put；was putting D．were you putting；have put

22．Hello! I you in London．How long have you been here?

A．don’t know；were B．hadn’t known；are

C．have known；are D．didn’t know；were

23．-Come on，Peter．I want to show you something．

-Oh，how nice of you! I you to bring me a gift.

A．never think；are going B．never thought；were going

C．didn’t think；were going D．hadn’t thought；were going

24．All the teachers in this schoo1 are ．

A．clean dressing B．cleanly dressing C．clean dressed D．cleanly dressed

25．When I was at college I three foreign languages，but I all except a few words of each．

A．spoke；had forgotten B．spoke；have forgotten

C．had spoken；had forgotten D．had spoken；have forgotten

26．-Have you moved into the new house?

-Not yet．The rooms ．

A．are being painted B．are painting C．are painted D．are being painting

27．-Excuse me，sir．Would you do me a favor? of course．What is it?

-I if you could tell me how to fill out this form．

A．had wondered B．was wondering C．would wonder D．did wonder

28．-We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time．

- What do you suppose to her?

A．was happening B．to happen C．has happened D．having happened

29．I wonder why Jenny us recently．We should have heard from her by now．

A．hasn’t written B．doesn’t write C．won’t write D．hadn’t written

30．Mary a dress when she cut her finger．

A．make B．is making C．was making D．makes

31．-Do you know our town at all?

-No，this is the first time I here．

A．was B．have been C．came D．am coming

32．The last time I Jane she cotton in the fields．

A．had seen；was picking B．saw；picked

C．had seen；picked D．saw；was picking

33．Tom into the house when no one ．

A．slipped；was looking B．had slipped；looked

C．slipped；had looked D．was slipped；looked

34．We were all surprised when he made it clear that he office soon．

A．1eaves B．would leave C．1eft D．had left

35 The pen I I is on my desk，right under my nose．

A．think；lost B．thought；had lost

C．think；had lost D．thought；have 1ost

36．-Can I join the club，Dad?

-You can when you a bit older．

A．get B．will get C．are getting D．will have got

37．-I’m sorry to keep you waiting．

-0h，not at a11．I here only a few minutes．

A．have been B．had been C．was D．will be

38．You don’t have to describe her I her several times．

A．had met B．have met C．met D．most

动词的时态与语态

1-5 ACABC 6-10 CDCBD 11-15 ADDBC 16-20 BBACC 21-25 BDBDB 26-30 ABCAC

31-35 BDABB 36-38 AAB

篇7：动词的时态语态学案设计(人教版英语)

1.时态

时态用法例示

He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.

主语现在的特征，性格和状态 She is always ready to help others.

-do you sing? –a little

客观规律，正确事实或科学真理，格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在 All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.

Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.

However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants.

安排，或计划要做的动作（有时间状语）限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一类动词。 The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.

We used to get up at five every morning when were at school.

We would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English.

He used to like football when I was at middle school.

过去发生的一系列动作 The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.

在时间，条件，方式让步状语从句中用一般过去时表过去将来时。

He said he would let us know if he got any news.

He promised that he would buy some copies for us when he went there.

I didn’t know you bought the present for me.

语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚刚，刚才，”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”

一般将来时 Shall/will +动词原形1 单纯表将来2 不用于条件句中3 表必然的将来4 表意愿，决心 He will be thirty years old next year.

If you will wait here, the manage will be back 10 mins later.

Be going to 1计划打算干2, 客观迹象预示 Look at the clouds, there is going to be a storm.

If you are going to do it, you had better do it well.

Be on the point of /be about to 不与时间状语连用，但可和when 从句连用

Be to 1 预定要做 2 表示命令，禁止应该3 注定 We are to finish the work before five this year.

No one is to leave the cinema without the police’s police’s permission

瞬间动词的现在进行时表将来。 Go start, set out, leave , reach, arrive, return, come, move, take off They are moving Nanjing for Guangzhou on Sunday.

祈使句/短语+and/or +主语+will

Work hard and you’ll succeed

A bit more effort, and you will succeed.

将来完成时表示在将来的一个特定时刻将成为过去的动作或该时刻刚刚结束的动作 I shall have finished this one before lunch.

I hope we'll have got the instructions (说明书) ready before you come tomorrow.

过去将来时 Was/were going to

Was/were to

Was about to

Was/were + 现在分词

Was/were on the point of

现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作 Look! The boy is dozing off.

表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定正在进行） How are you getting along with your English these days.

表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶。（常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用） The children are always making trouble.

She is always asking the same question.

瞬间动词表将来

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上下文暗示外，一般和时间状语连用。

表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶。（常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用）

瞬间动词表将来

描写故事的背景 It was winter. The north wind has blowing hard and a heavy snow was falling. A poor little girl was walking in the street.

用在复合句中

He was reading while his wife was cooking.

While he was driving, he was thinking about the matter.

不与时间状语连用，表示逐渐的发展 It was getting darker.

现在完成时对现在的影响或动作与状态的持续

常与有介词for, during, in within, over 引导的时间状语连用 We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 weeks.

I haven’t seen him in the recent years.

表示反复或习惯性的动作，常与

several times, once, twice, 等频度副词

连用 I have watched him several times.

He has been to London twice.

用在时间，条件状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作之前已完成。 I will give my opinion after I have read through the book.

We will set out at once if the rain has stopped

现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续到现在，甚至将来。（强调进行的过程） He is ill. he has been lying in bed for three weeks.

She is very tired. she has been typing letters all day.

一直到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.

过去完成时表示过去的过去；一直延续到过去某一点的动作或状态。 I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990

表示原本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。常用此结构德动词有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等 We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to.

They had expected to get what they needed, but there was nothing there.

用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中 I had no sooner returned than he called.

时态比较过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。一般过去时表示动作的完成 Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.

Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.

现在完成时强调结果或动作已完成

现在完成进行时强调动作在继续 We have discussed the question with him.

We have been discussing the question with him all evening.

固定句型 By the end of By the end of last term, we had learned words.

By the end of this term, we will have learned…

It is the first time

It was the first time

It is high time that It is the first time that you have visited our school.

It was the first time that you had visited…

It is high time that you came here.

2．语态

Wood burns easily.

The car drives smoothly.

The case locks easily.

形容词＋不定式结构中，不定式与句子主语有动宾关系时。

要注意如果句中的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时用主动语态，否则用被动。 The picture is pleasant to look at.

I found his theory hard to understand.

I found my theory hard to be understood.

介词短语 in sight, on show, on sale, under construction作表语或定语表被动。 The new railway under construction will be completed soon.

Be worth, be missing , in need of , remaining, want/need/require be to blame be to let The teaching method is in need of improving.

There is no remaining money here.

The house is to let

连系动词：表感觉的 appear, feel, prove, taste ,表变化的 become, come fall, grow, turn,表依旧的continue, lie, remain, stay, stand Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.

某些动词以物做主语，进行时表被动eg. Print, cook, fry, hang, build, make The dinner is cooking.

The book is printing.

The house is building.

被动表主动 Burn, devote, dress, hide, seat, love, wear, tire+oneself +介词＝be+ed +介词 He seats himself on the bench.

双重被动式常用的动词有wish, expect, advise, mean, believe, suppose, order, allow The book is believed to have been translated into French.

The sports meet was never expected to be put off.

Get, become, go ,come ,feel, grow, seem, look 可以作为系动词在口语中使用 I grew excited and a little frightened.

He seemed satisfied with my offer

Five soldiers got wounded in the battle.

高考对于进行体的常考点

1．一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。

Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.

As he was reading the newspaper, granny fell asleep.

2. 表示动作的未完性，暂时性。

I don’t really work here. I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.

Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.

3. 表示现在或当时发展中或正在进行的情况。

I don’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space.

I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at that time.

篇8：动词的时态和语态 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

动词的时态和语态

【押题依据】动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，而且测试的难度也在逐年加大。在单项填空题中，每年考查动词时态的题不少于两道，动词的语态常和时态放在一起考查。高考命题者常从三个角度进行命题：一是直接给定时间状语。考生能直接根据所给时间状语作出选择；二是给定时间状语，但所给时间状语有着较强的干扰性和迷惑性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择；三是题干中不提供任何时间状语，而给出一个上下文情景或一个结构较为复杂的句子，考生必须仔细分析语境，才能作出正确判断。

[押题1] -_____ Mr Smith ____ this week?

- No. He is on holiday.

A. Has; workedB. Does; workC. Did; workD. Is; working

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据上下文语境判断句子动作的一般式与进行式的用法区别。

【答案解析】根据答句He is on holiday.说明动作处于正在进行状态，而不是完成性的、过去发生的或经常性的动作，故排除选项A、B、C，选用现在进行时，答案为D。

[押题2]-Got your driving license?

-No. I _____ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week.

A. was B. am C. have been D. had been

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是要根据上下文语境中所提供的一般过去时的表示过去时间的对照点，准确判断过去完成时与一般过去时的用法区别。

【答案解析】问句中Got your driving license?为Have you got your driving license？现在完成时的省略表达，该句对选项无影响。决定选项动词时态的是答句中so I didn’t take the driving test last week.分析句意可知，选项动作发生在后一动作之前，表示过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。答案为D。

[押题3]You’d better not call the manager between 7 and 8 this evening, for he _____ an important meeting then.

A. will have B. would have C. will be having D. will have had

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是要准确理解句意。根据题干中提供的时间状语来判断使用表示将来的多种时态中的哪一种。

【答案解析】根据题干中的时间状语between 7 and 8 this evening可知，选项动作是在将来某个时刻正在进行的，故应选用将来进行时，口语中常用这种时态表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作或发生的事。答案为C。

[押题4]-How can you borrow my computer without my permission?

-Oh, I ____ to tell you. I hope you don’t mind.

A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据语境所提供的信息及其句子的意义，判断一般现在时及过去完成时的用法区别。

【答案解析】该句题干中没有提供任何时间状语，但从语境及句子的含义判断，选项动作表示在过去某个时间发生，所以，首先排除选项A、D，由于题干中没有表示过去时间的对照点，故再排除选项C。答案为B。

[押题5]-Will you please repeat your idea?

-Certainly. But I think it certain you ____ your attention.

A. don’t pay B. didn’t pay

C. weren’t paying D. aren’t paying

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是要准确理解选项动词动作所发生的时间段，区别一般时态与进行时态的用法。

【答案解析】从问话人请求对方重复已讲内容，答话人认为对方在刚才他讲话时没有注意他所讲内容可知，该选项动作强调在过去某个时刻正在进行，表示说话的当时，故应选用过去进行时。答案为C。

[押题6]-I’m sorry, but the boss isn’t here yet. Shall I have her call you when she comes back?

-No, I’ll call her back. If I call again in half an hour, do you think she ____?

A. arrives B. has arrived

C. will arrive D. will have arrived

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据语境注意区别一般将来时与将来完成时的用法。

【答案解析】一般将来时表示将来某一时刻将要发生的动作，而将来完成时则表示将来某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作。根据该句语境及其句意可知，该句选项动作表示将来完成的动作。答案为D。

[押题7] -Are we about to have dinner?

-Yes, it ____ in the dinning room.

A. is serving B. is being served

C. has been serving D. serves

【解题关键】解答该题的关键在于准确把握动词serve 在句中主动语态与被动语态的使用。

【答案解析】动词serve在此句中意思为“端上、摆出（饭菜）”，为及物动词。根据该句结构可知应使用被动语态，只有选项B为进行时的被动结构，其它选项均为主动形式。答案B。

[押题8]-Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.

-Oh, really? I____. I ____ visit her.

A. didn’t know; will go to B. don’t know; will go to

C. didn’t know; am going to D. haven’t known; am going to

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据讲话人的说话意图推断动作所发生的时间点，并注意在语境中区别will 和be going to的用法。

【答案解析】分析语境及讲话人意图可知，第一空强调过去的动作，并不表示现在发生的事，故应用一般过去时；第二空应选will，表示即时决定将要做的事，而be going to表示按计划、安排要做的事。答案A。

[押题9]-Don’t you feel surprised to see Bruce at the meeting?

-Yes. I really didn’t think she ____ here.

A. has been B. had been

C. would be D. would have been

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是根据上下文语境准确理解选项动作所表达的时间发生点。

【答案解析】根据上下文语境可知，选项动作已在过去发生或完成。但根据I really didn’t think可以判断出从句中的动作是从过去某时间看将来要发生的事，故应选过去将来时。答案C。

[押题10]-Why is the librarian looking so hard at me?

-You ____ to read aloud in the reading room.

A. don’t suppose B. haven’t supposed C. are not supposed D. were not supposed

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是要根据句子含义准确判断动词suppose在句中的用法以及动词所发生的时间。

【答案解析】根据句子意思，应选用be supposed to“应该做……、被要求做……”，故排除选项A、B；分析上文情景，句中动词使用现在时形式，强调现在的状态，所以，再排除选项D。答案C。

[押题11]It seems water from this tap for some time. We’ll have to take it apart to put it right.

A. had leaked B. is leaking

C. leaked D. has been leaking

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是要准确把握句中的时间状语for some time所强调的时间段以及所使用的动词时态。

【答案解析】根据句中时间状语for some time以及后一分句的动词时态可知，选项动词动作强调到现在为止并仍在继续，故应排除选项A、C。由于选项B现在进行时不可与一段时间状语连用，所以排除选项B，选D现在完成进行时。答案D。

[押题12]-Take this medicine three times a day, Tom?

-Do I have to take it? It ____ so terrible.

A. is tasting B. is tasted C. tastes D. has tasted

【解题关键】解答该题的关键是要准确理解连系动词taste用主动形式表示被动的意义在句中的用法。

【答案解析】根据选项动词及其句子意思可知，taste在此用做连系动词，后接形容词作表语，在这一结构中，taste常用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义。答案C。

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇9：语法复习八：动词时态和语态（1） (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

语法复习八：动词时态和语态（1）

一、动词的分类和形式：

动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气3种形式的变化。

1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为：“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种

2、动词的4种基本形式：动词原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。

3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。1）实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。还可分为持续性动词和瞬间动词；2）连系动词有两种：一种表特征或状态，另一种表状态变化过程。

4、五种不同的短语动词：1）“动词+介词”；2）“动词+副词”；3）“动词+副词+介词”；4）“动词+名词（或代词）+介词”；5）“be+形容词（包括相当于形容词的过去分词+介词”。

二、动词的时态：

1、一般现在时的用法：1）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力。3）表示客观事实或真理。4）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是go,come, leave, start, stop, be等开始或移动意义的词。）

2、一般过去时的用法：1）表示过去的动作或状态。2）叙述过去连续发生的事情。3）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。

3、一般将来时的用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态。2）表示将来的经常动作。

4、现在进行时的用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定进行。）

5、过去进行进的用法：1）过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2）表示移动的动词：come, start, stay, leave, go等词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作。3）was going to do可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作。

6、现在完成时的用法：1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用。2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, for连用，但for, since不能与终止性的动词连用。3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

7、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1）现在完成时与现在有联系，它表示过去的动作对现在所产生的结果、影响。一般过去时通常表示在过去某一具体时间发生的动作，与现在没什么联系。2）现在完成时表示过去延续到现在的行为；一般过去时着重过去某一时刻的某一具体动作。

8、过去完成的用法：1）表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, before等介词短语或一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2）表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for（有时可省去）或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。

9、过去将来时的用法：表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

练习一：动词时态与语态（1）

1. When I saw Mary, she ______ on the piano.

A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played

2. She ______ the door before she goes away.

A. had locked B. is locking C. has locked. D. was locking.

3. A hunter is a man who ______ animals.

A. catch B. catches C. will catch D. was catching

4. What _____ if I drink this?

A. happens B. is happening C. will happen D. is happened

5. I will visit you if Father ______ me.

A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let

6. Look out! That tree _____ fall down.

A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would

7. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon.

A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came

8. They can't leave until they _____ their work.

A. did B. are doing C. have done D. has done

9. “Has he seen this film?” “ Yes. He ______ it several days ago. ”

A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing

10. Now Mike isn't here. He ______ Mr Green's. Perhaps he ______ back in a few minutes.

A. went to; is coming B. has gone to; will come

C. has been to; will be D. is going to; has come

11. That day he ._______ his clothes before he came to see me.

A. has washed B. washed C. had been washing D. was washed

12. I haven't finished my composition. I ______ for two hours and a half.

A. have written it B. have been writing it

C. wrote it D. am writting it

13. I will take my daughter with me when I _____ ShangHai,

A. go to B. will go to C. have been to D. have gone to

14. This bright girl ______ the truth in front of the enemy.

A. didn't say B. couldn't speak to C. said D. didn't tell

15. The bridge which ______ last year looks really beautiful.

A. was built B. built C. was set up D. had been built

16. “ When ______ school begin?” “ Next Monday. ”

A. has B. does C. did D. is going to

17. I will ______ here till you give me some money.

A. leave B. not leave C. come D. return

18. I _____ here since I moved here.

A. will work B. worked C. work D. have been working

19. Every time I _____ there, I will buy him something nice.

A. went B. will go C. go D. have gone

20. It was said that his father ______.

A. has died B. died. C. has been dead D. had died

21. We won't go unless you ______ soon.

A. had come B. came C. will come D. come

22._____six years since I began studying English.

A. They have been B. it is C. It was D. There are

23. They ______ the Summer Palace three times.

A. have gone to B. have been to C. have been in D. have gone into

24. “How long haven't we seen each other? ”“Well, it _____ nearly two years since we ______ last. ”

A. is/have met B. was/had met C. is/met D. has been/had met

25. “Have you seen the art exhibition?” “No, _____ there. ”

A. it was not being held B. they didn't hold

C. it had not held D. they were holding it

26. Don't get off the bus until it ______.

A. stop B. will stop C. stopped D. has stopped

27. “Where ______ the recorder? I can't see it anywhere.” “I _____ it right here. But now it's gone. ”

A. did you put/have put B. have you put/put

C. had you put/was putting D. were you putting/have put

28. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was 10 years since I ______ a good drink.

A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying

29. Don't come tonight. I would rather you _____ tomorrow.

A. come B. came C. will come D. coming

30. ______ you ______?

A. Do/marry B. Have/married C. Have/been married D. Are/married

31. When he ______ all the newspapers, he'll go home.

A. sells B. has sold C. will have sold D. will be sold

32. “This cloth _____well and _____ long. ”“Ok. I'll take it. ”

A. washes/lasts B. is washed/lasted C. washes/is lasted D. is washing/lasting

33. “Hurry up, you ______ on the phone. ” “Oh, I'm coming. Thank you. ”

A. are wanted B. are being wanted C. want D. are wanting

34. I ______ see you, but I didn't, for I had no time.

A. had wanted to B. has wanted to C. wanted D. was wanted

35. I ______ in Guang Zhou for six years by this October.

A. have lived B. was living C. will be living D. shall have lived

36. By this time next year he ______ from the college.

A. will be graduating B. should be graduating

C. will have graduated D. is graduating

37. Our teacher told us that the earth _____ from west to east.

A. turns B. turn C. has turned D. had turned

38. My brother _____ while he _____ his bicycle and hurt himself.

A. fell/was riding B. fell/were riding

C. had fallen/rode D. had fallen/was riding

39. Bill said he ____ twenty-one the next year.

A. was going to be B. was about to be C. could be D. was to be

40. It is high time you _____ in bed now.

A. are B. were C. will be D. would be

41. After a while an agreement _____.

A. was arrived at B. was arrived in C. was arrived D. has been arrived

42. The air liner from Beijing _____ at 3:00 p.m.

A. is about to arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is going to arrive

43.______,that step is not safe!

A. Look around B. Look up C. Look out D. Look down

44. “Have you _____ him to give up smoking?” “No. I _____, but he wouldn't listen.”

A. persuaded/tried B. tried/persuaded C. tried/tried D. persuaded/persuaded

45. The research laboratory is going to ______ the new type of computer to use.

A. take B. make C. put D. send

46. I don't know when he ______, but when he ______, I'll let you know.

A. will come/comes B. comes/will come C. comes/comes D. will come/will come

47. How much do you think that vase _____?

A. is cost B. used C. was paid for D. cost

48. I _____ that he would be able to leave tomorrow, but it's beginning to look diffcult.

A. hope B. had hoped C. hoped D. am hoping

49. “Come on, Peter, I want to show you something.”

“Oh, how nice of you, I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift.”

A. never think/are going B. never thought/ were going

C. didn’t think/ are going D. hadn’t thought/ were going

50. It’s a nice flat, but it _____ a proper bathroom.

A. haven’t got B. hasn’t got C. wouldn’t get D. doesn’t have got

51. She had a shock when she heard the news, _____?

A. hadn’t she B. didn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. won’t she

52. This liquid _____ the salt at room temperature.

A. became mixed with B. was mixed by

C. mixes with D. has been mixing by

动词时态和语态（2）

一、时态的呼应：在复合句，从句（主要是宾语从句）中的时态，常受主句谓语动词的影响，这就叫做时态的呼应，时态的呼应一般有如下的情况。

1、如果主句的谓语动词为现在时态，其从句中的谓语动词应该用什么时态就用什么时态，如：She knows you have been in Beijing for five rears.

2、如果主句中的谓语动词为过去时态，从句中的谓语动词就要用过去时态，但要注意到下列情况：（1）如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作与主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，从句中须用一般过去时或过去进行时，如：She said she was busy then. (2)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句中须用过去完成时，如：I didn’t know that she had been to London twice. (3)如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之后，从句须用过去将来时，如：They didn’t know when they would have a rest. (4)如果从句中说明的是一种普遍真理现象，虽然主句的谓语动词为过去时态从句中仍要用一般现在时，如：When I was a little child, my father told me that the earth is round. (5)如果从句中有表示具体过去时间的状语，虽然其谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句仍用一般过去时，但如果该状语表示的时间不具体，则从句仍要用过去完成时，如：Tome said he was born in 1975.

二、被动语态：英语动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，在被动语态的句子中，动作的执行者，一般由介词by引起的短语来表示，如:We often help them. (主动)我们常帮助他们。They are often helped by us.(被动)他们常被我们帮助。

1、被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。

2、被动语态八种时态的用法例句:被动语态常用的八种时态的基本用法和主动语态各时态的

基本用法相同，只是句中的主语不是动作的执行者，而是动作的承受者，如:(1)一般现在时：Now English is taught in all middle schools in our country. (2)一般过去时：The Great hall of the People was built in 1959. (3)一般将来时: When will the work be finished? (4)过去将来时：He told us that the work would be finished the next day. (5)现在进行时：

Your tractor is being repaired now.(6)过去进行时：The child was being examined by the doctor when they came in. (7)现在完成时：The work hasn’t been finished yet. (8)过去完成:The new plan had been carried out before the second experiment began.

3、在下列情况下，一般使用被动语态：（1）当不知道动作执行者是谁或没有必要提到动作执行者时，如：Paper was first made in China. （2）当强调或突出动作承受者的作用时，如：The new machine was invented by a 20-year-old young worker.

4、由主动语态转换为被动语态的几种句型：（1）将一个句子由主动语态转换为被动语态时，可按下列步骤进行：①先将主动结构的宾语改为被动结构的主语；②再将主动语态动词改为被动语态动词；③最后在被动语态之后加介词by，并将主动结构的主语放在by之后（经常被省略），构成介词短语；④由主动语态动词改为被动语态动词时，要注意被动语态动词中助动词be的各种形式变化，因为被动语态动词的不同人称和数是由助动词be不同的形式来表示的，如：Trees are planted every spring.（2）如果主动语态动词后又有直接宾语，又有间接宾语，一般是将间接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将直接宾语保留在原处。如将直接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将间接宾语保留在原处时，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或 for，如：Grandma told me an interesting story last night.→Iwas told an interesting story last night./ An interesting story was told to me last night. （3）主动语态中的宾语加带有宾语补足语时，改为被动语态时，就将宾语改为主语，将宾补保留在原处，而成为被动语态句中主语的补足语了。宾补可以有下列几种情况：①宾补为动词不定式，如：They asked her to sing a song. →She was asked to sing a song. 在动词make, see, hear, watch, notice等之后，不定式的to在主动语态里可要省略，而被动语态里不能省，如：Tom was seen to come out of the lab.②宾补为分词，如：They heard them singing at the time.→They were heard singing at that time.③宾补为形容词、副词、名词或介词短语，如：She kept me busy all the morning. →I was kept busy all the morning.（4）如果主动语态中的谓语动词为短语动词，改为被动语态时，要注意不要遗漏短语中的介词或副词，以保持短语动词的完整性，如：She always takes good care of the children. →The children are always taken good care of. （5）含有情态动词的动词改为被动语态时是将情态动词后面的动词原形改为被动语态，因其前有情态动词，所以构成被动语态的助动词be就要使用原形，如：They must finish the work before Friday. →The work must be finished before Friday.（6）be going to, be to, used to, have to和had better等结构，其作用相当于情态动词或助动词，在改为被动语态时，只需将后面的动词原形改为被动语态即可，如：The are not going to put off the football match. →The football match is not going to be put off.

练习二、动词时态与语态（2）

53. An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week.

A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D. will hold

54. I'm sorry, sir. Your recorder isn't ready yet. It _____ in the factory.

A. is being repaired B. is repaired C. has been repaired D. hasn't repaired

55. Every possible means , but none prove successful.

A. has tried B. has been tried C. is being tried D. tried

56. _______ that they can pass the written exam this time.

A. That is hoped B. It is hoped C. That hopes D. It hopes

57. My little sister has broken my watch. ---- My watch _____ by my little sister.

A. is broken B. has broken C. have been broken D. has been broken

58. He was cleaning his room when I entered the house.

---- His room _____ by him when I entered the room.

A. was being cleaned B. was cleaned C. was being cleaning D. has been cleaned

59. I shall have Finished reading the novel by dinner time.

---- This novel _____ reading (by me) by dinner time.

A. will have finished . B. will has been finished

C. will have being finished D. will have been finished

60. You ought to keep these three rooms clean. ----These three rooms ______ (by you).

A. are oughted to keep clean B. ought to kept clean

C. ought to be kept clean D. ought to have been kept clean

61. You are about to write a poem, aren't you? ---- A poem _____ (by you), _____ ?

A. is about to be written, aren't you B. is about to be writing, isn’t it

C. is about to be writing, aren't you D. is about to be written, isn’t it

62. She had better leave a note to him. ---- A note _____ to him (by her).

A. had better left B. had be better left C. had better be left D. had better been left

63. He doesn't do his homework every day. ---- His homework ______ by him every day.

A. doesn't be done B. aren't done C. don't be done D. isn’t done

64. We must take care of our parents when they are old. ---- Our parents ______ when they are old.

A. must be taken care B. must be took cars C. must take care of D. must be taken care of

65. People look down upon him because he is a liar. ---- He _____ because he is a liar.

A. is looked down B. is looked down upon C. looks down upon D. looks down

66. Father will give me a dictionary on my birthday.

---- A dictionary ______ me by Father on my birthday.

A. shall be given to B. will give C. shall give to D. will be giving to

67. We elected her leader. ---- She by us.

A. is elected leader B. was leader elected C. was elected leader D. leader was elected

68. ---- People who live along this road receive their mail in these boxes.

---- Why are all of the______?

A. grey painted mailboxes B. mailboxes grey painted

C. mailboxes painted grey D. painted grey mailboxes

69. I saw him enter the room. ---- He ______ the room.

A. is seen enter B. is seen to enter C. was seen to enter D. was seen enter

70. The question asked by him is hard _____ .

A. to answer B. to be answered C. to be answering D. for answer

71. How sweet the music ______!

A. sounds to be B. is sounded C. is sounded to be D. sounds

72. In warm weather fruit and meat ______ long.

A. don't keep B. cannot be kept C. are not kept D. are not keeping

73. He received a telegram ___ “Mother Sick.”

A. written B. said C. reading D. writing

74. The classroom ______ 30 feet long.

A. measures B. is measured C. has D. has length

75. Do you remember ______ ?

A. how it is done B. it how to be done C. How is it done by D. how to do

76. to have been rich.

A. They say B. It is said C. He is said D. That was said

77. Mathematics is difficult ______.

A. to learn B. for learning C. to be learned D. of learning

78. My hair is so long that I must go to a barber's shop and______.

A. have to cut it B. have it cut C. get it to be cut D. to cut it

79. The pencil ______ well.

A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing

80. ---- I can't see the blackboard very well. ---- Perhaps you need ______.

A. to examine your eyes B. to have your eyes examined

C. to have examined your eyes D. to be examined your eyes

81. ---- Where is the coffee table? ---- Tom just had it ____ away.

A. move B. moving C. moved D. moves

82. Good medicine ______ to the mouth.

A. tastes bitter B. tastes bitterly C. is tasted bitter D. is tasted bitterly

83. Which girl won the prize? _____

A. By which girl is the prize won? B. Which girl was the prize won?

C. By which girl did she win the prize? D. By which girl was the prize won?

84. --- Where did you get that handsome picture? ---- It was _____ by my father.

A. given for us B. a gift to us C. given to us D. a gift for us

85. A young hen is ______ a chicken.

A. named B. known C. spelled D. called

86. ---- How does Alma like her new work? ---- She ______ with the hour.

A. can't satisfy B. isn't satisfied C. doesn't satisfy D. hasn't satisfied

87. ---- Why do you call your son Mouse? ---- He wants ______ by the name.

A. to call B. to be called C. to be calling D. being called

88. His idea, though good, needs ______ out.

A. being tried B. to try C. tried D. to be tried

89. The man living in the next door is known _____the police.

A. with B. to C. by D. of

90. Cotton is first made ______ thread and then it was woven ______ cloth.

A. up of, up of B. into, into C. of, of D. from, from

91. ______ here last night.

A. Something strange was happened B. Strange something was happened

C. Something strange happened D. Strange something happened

92. ---- I'd like to buy that coat. ---- I'm sorry, _____.

A. it was sold B. it's selling C. it's been sold D. it had been sold

93. Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but_____.

A. man did not put it to use in war two hundred years liter

B. until two centuries more it was used in war

C. not used in war until two hundred years later

D. in war did not use it two hundred years afterwards

94. The five-year-old girl by her parents.

A. is looked B. has looked for C. is being looked for D. has been looked

参考答案

语法复习八：动词时态和语态

练习一、1~5 CCBCB 6~10 ABCAB 11~15 CBADA 16~20 BBDCD 21~25 DBBCA

26~30 DBABD 31~35 BAAAD 36~40 CAAAB 41~45 ACCAC 46~50 ADBBB

51~52 BC

练习二、53~55 BAB 56~60 BDADC 61~65 DCDDB 66~70 ACCCA 71~75 DACAA

76~80 CABAB 81~85 CADCD 86~90 BBDBB 91~94 CCCC

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇10：中考经典语法教学案例(人教版英语中考复习)

中考英语语法考点系列导练（一）名词

【考点扫描】

名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它属于一种重要的实词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、标语、定语或状语。常见的考点如下：

1、名词的各种分类。单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式，包括可数名词的复数的变化规则，少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。

2、不可数名词数量的表达法。用“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”这样的结构来表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of后面的名词只能用单数。

3、名词所有格及其用法。以-s结尾的单数名词加“’”或“’s”构成所有格；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加“’”；不规则复数名词在词尾加“’s”；两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。

4、名词作主语时的主谓一致。主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数；主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式；谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。

5、语境中名词的选择。根据语境确定名词的词义，再根据句法进一步确定词形。

6、易混名词的区别。主要是要求区别一些常见的容易混淆的名词的用法。

参考答案

I. 1-5DDACA 6-10 DCBCD 11-15 ADDDC 16-18 DDDBB

II.1.safety 2.kindness 3.north 4.comer 5.visitors 6.hours’ 7.halves 8.turning 9.travellers 10.Frenchmen,Germans

中考英语语法考点系列导练（二）代词

【考点扫描】

代词是用来代替名词的词。它是英语语法结构中的一个重要项目，也是中考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年中考试题，出现频率最高的是不定代词，其次是it用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。其常见考点如下：

1、人称代词的主、宾格及其语法功能。

2、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法和区分。

3、反身代词的用法及其语法功能。

4、指示代词this，that，these，those等词在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语的用法。

5、不定代词的用法。

6、疑问、连接、关系代词的用法。

7、it, one(s), that, those等作替代词的用法。

【策略点拨】

考查代词的常见题型有单项选择、词形转换、用单词的适当形式填空、句型转换和英汉互译等。做这类题时，必须首先认真理解全句的意思，先根据语境搞清词义，即确定用哪个词，再根据语法规则确定词形。

参考答案

I. 1-5 ABCCC 6-10 DDDAA 11-15 BBCBB 16-20 CCDDD 21-25 BABAA

Ⅱ1.either 2.something, Anything, something, nothing 3.Nobody 4.another 5.yourseves 6.themselves 7.her 8.yours 9.whose 10.others

Ⅲ 1.mine 2.our 3. itself 4.You,he and I 5.theirs

Ⅳ.1.Neither…nor 2.isn’t , any 3. Which girl is 4.Neither, likes 5.are,there 6.told,nothing 7.isn’t, there 8.which/that,is 9.None,of,have/has 10.is,there

中考英语语法考点系列导练（三）冠词

【考点扫描】

冠词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成份，它们一般用于名词之前。冠词有不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）之分。根据英语教材中冠词的用法及对各地中考英语试题的分析，有关冠词的和考点如下：

1、不定冠词a和an的概念及基本用法。不定冠词a/an泛指人或事物中的一个，不与不可数名词连用，也不与复数的谓语动词连用；第一次提到某人或某物，一般用不定冠词；a(an)+作表语的名词”可以用来表示身份或职业。

2、定冠词the 的概念及基本用法。特指某些人或某些事物；指双方都知道的人或事物；指上文提到过的人或事物；用在世界上独一无二的事物前；用在序数词和形容词最高级前；用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前；用在形容词或副词的比较级前，表示强调“两者中较……的”；定冠词用在姓氏或姓氏复数名词前，表示全家或这一姓氏的夫妇俩；用在西洋乐器名称前；用在一些固定搭配中。

3、“零冠词”的概念及基本用法。专有名词前一般不加冠词；名词前已有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等修饰限定时，不加冠词；复数名词表示某一类人或事物时；季节、月份、星期和节日的名词前；在语言、学科、三餐、球类等名词前；在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词；在人名、称呼语、头衔、职务等的名词前，一般不加冠词；表示语言的名词前不加冠词，但后加language时必须加the；一些抽象的不可数名词前，不加冠词；在某些固定词组里不用冠词。

4、习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用方法。

【策略点拨】

冠词的考点经常分布在单项选择、完形填空、短文改错及阅读理解等题型中。尤其在单项选择填空中，几乎每份中考题中至少有一题对冠词的用法进行考查。冠词的使用频率最高，用法也很复杂。做题时除了掌握一些基本原则之外，还要在实践中密切注意其习惯用法和例外的一些情况。

参考答案

I. 1-5 CAABD 6-10 BCABD 11-15 ACCCB 16-20 ABDCC 21-25 BCDAC 26-30 DCCCC

Ⅱ. 1.the, the 2. / , / 3.an,a 4. / ,the, / , the, the 5.the, / 6.The, / 7. / 8.The, the 9.the, / 10. /

Ⅲ.1.A 2.a 3.a 4. / 5. / 6.the 7. / 8. / 9.a 10./ 11.the 12.a 13.the 14.a 15.a 16.an 17. / 18. / 19.a 20./

中考英语语法考点系列导练（四）数词

【考点扫描】

表示数目或顺序的词叫数词。数词可分基数词和序数词两大类。纵观近年来各省市中考的试题，对数词的考查主要集中在以下几点：

1、基数词的写法。几十后面加ty， “几十几”，要用连字符号；几百几十几，hundred百位和十位间用and；hundred, thousand, million, billion等词表示具体数字时，用单数形式，在没有确切数目修饰时，可用复数形式，后面可以加of。

2、基数词变序数词。1、2、3词尾字母t、 d、d; 8后少t, 9减e; 5与 12同ve, ve要用f替，再加th；ie替y后再加th。序数词前经常the，但表示“再一”、“又一”的意思时，序数词前用不定冠词a 或an。

3、分数表达法。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子为“1”时，分母要用序数词的复数形式。分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由后面名词的单复数来决定。

4、数字的日常应用

（1）日期表示法：表示年月日应为“月份+日期+年份”。（2）时间表示法：整点数字后加“o’clock”，几点几分顺着读；几点过几分，要用past；几点差几分，用to；半小时是“half”，15分钟为“quarter”。（3）编号既可用序数词，也可用基数词。但门牌号、房间号、页码、电话号码等通常用基数词。（4）表示某人“几十岁”要用基数词的复数形式。如：in one’s thirties 三十多岁。（5）对日期（几月几日）的提问常用what’s the date；对时刻（几点几分）的提问一般用what time。

5、由基数词和名词构成的复合形容词，名词用单数。

6、表示“几个半” 英语中表达“几个半”有两种方法：“数词+and+ a half+名词（复数）”和“数词+名词（复数）+and a half”。

【策略点拨】

考查数词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写和句型转换等。做这类题时，必须要注意基数词和序数词的拼写，分数、不确切数量词间的关系与名词搭配，以及数词在日常生活中的应用等。

参考答案

I. 1-5 CDADD 6-10 ADABC 11-15 BBACC 16-20 DCDCB 21-25 CCDDB

Ⅱ. 1. eighth 2.quarter 3.thousands 4. first 5.second 6.sixth 7.twentieth 8. forty

Ⅲ. 1.What time does Jim go to Tsing Hua University every day? 2. How much is the sweater? 3. How far is it from here? 4. What is your telephone number? 5. How many students are there in your school? 6. How long has she worked in Jinan? 7. When was Jackson born? 8. What’s the date today

中考英语语法考点系列导练（五）形容词

【考点聚焦】

形容词是用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、特征、状况或属性的词。在中考中，形容词考查热点主要集中在以下几点：

1、考查形容词的句法功能及其位置。

形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；形容词作表语，常位于be, become, smell, seem, look, get, feel, turn, grow等系动词之后。

2、考查形容词的构成。

某些形容词的构成是有一定的规律可循：（1）名词+ful；（2）名词+y；（3）动词+ing；（4）动词+ed；（5）名词+ly；（6）形容词+ly；（7）名词+al；（8）名词+n/ian。

3、考查形容词的特殊语序。

（1）形容词修饰something, anything, everything等复合不定代词时要后置。（2）几个形容词修饰同一个名词时，其语序为：限定语(a/an/the, my/this)+描绘性形容词+“大型（形）新式（色）国产材料”+名词中心词。其中“大”表示大小、长短、高低，年龄的形容词、“型（形）”表示形状的形容词；“新”表示新旧的形容词；“式（色）”表示颜色的形容词；“国产”表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词；“材料”表示物质材料的形容词。（3）enough在句中的位置是放在名词前，形容词、副词之后。（4）else只能作后置定语，修饰疑问代词what, who, whom, whose和不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等。

4、考查形容词的比较等级。

（1）比较级和最高级的构成形式，一般词尾加-er或-est，部分双音节和多音节词前加more和most，某些单词的不规则变形要特殊记（2）几种句式。甲乙若是一个样，用as…as上，甲不如乙加not；两者相比用than连接；三者或三者以上比较用最高级，并和in或of连用。（3）含有介词短语...of the two时，要用比较级，且比较级前要加the；表示“越来越……”时，要用“比较级+and +比较级”形式，若比较级是“more+原级”构成的，需用“more and more+原级形式”；表示“越……，就越……” 时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”形式；形容词的最高级前必须加the，但最高级前已有物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，the要省去；可以修饰原级或比较级的修饰语；比较级和最高级间的互变形式。

【策略指导】

一般说来，考查形容词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写、句型转换和汉语句子翻译等。做这类题时，必须首先了解形容词的构成及各自的用法、比较等级的演变，并根据题意选准级别及各种句式间的互变规律等。

参考答案

1.busiest 2.hottest 3. taller 4.more expensive 5.shorter and shorter 6-10 DCBAD 11-15 DBADD 16-20 CADDA 21-25 DBBDD 26-30 CDADB 35.larger than any 36.different from that 37.too excited 38. something important

中考英语语法考点系列导练（六）副词

【考点扫描】

副词是修饰动词、形容词、副词的词，有时也可以修饰全句，用以表示程度、频度、方式及时间等。近几年各地中考副词考查的热点主要集中在以下几点：

1、考查句法功能及其位置。

副词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语。副词修饰形容词或另一个副词时，常放在修饰词之前；作定语的副词常常后置；修饰全句的副词，放在句首或句末。

2、考查副词的构成。

形容词变为副词，一般是在形容词之后加-ly；有些形容词变y为i, 再加-ly；还有的是把e去掉加-ly。还有些副词是与形容词同形的兼类词。

3、考查副词的比较等级。

（1）比较级和最高级的构成形式，一般词尾加-er或-est，部分双音节和多音节词前加more和most，某些单词的不规则变形要特殊记（2）几种句式。甲乙若是一个样，用as…as上，甲不如乙加not；两者相比用than连接；三者或三者以上比较用最高级，并和in或of连用。（3）含有介词短语...of the two时，要用比较级，且比较级前要加the；表示“越来越……”时，要用“比较级+and +比较级”形式，若比较级是“more+原级”构成的，需用“more and more+原级形式”；表示“越……，就越……” 时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”形式；副词的最高级前可以不加the，；可以修饰原级或比较级的修饰语；比较级和最高级间的互变形式。

4、考查频度副词在句子中的位置。

always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never等副词要放在行为动词之前，系动词之后。

【策略点拨】

考查副词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写、词形转换、句型转换和汉语句子翻译等。做这类题时，必须首先了解副词的构成及各自的用法，比较等级的演变，疑问副词的用法，并根据题意选准级别及各种句式间的互变规律等。

参考答案

1. farthest 2.worst 3. better 4. angrily 5. happily 6-10 ACCDC 11-15 ADBBA 16-20 ABCBA 21. The harder, the stronger 22. as hard as 23.fast enough 24. before 25.exactly

中考英语语法考点系列导练（七）介词

【考点扫描】

介词是表示它后面的名词、代词、短语、从句等与句子其他成分的关系的词。在句子中它不能单独使用，只能由名词、代词、数词、动名词等构成的介词短语作句子的成分。介词分为简单介词、复合介词、双重介词、短语介词和分词介词五种类型。中考介词主要考查要点如下：

1、介词与其后的名词或代词构成介词短语，在句中作状语、宾语、表语、宾补语后置

定语。

2、介词与其前面的动词或形容词构成动词词组，后面要有宾语。这时的词组相当于一

个及物动词。

3、最常见表示时间、地点与方式介词的用法。

4、某些意思比较相近的介词用法辨析。

【策略点拨】

从各地的中考题来看，考查介词的题型多见于用适当的介词填空、选择适当的介词填空、改错或完成句子等。完成这类题要求我们首先通读全句，掌握常见的介词用法规律，注意意思相近的介词间的区别，还要认真判断是否是固定词组等。

参考答案

介词

1 .in 2 .by 3 .with 4 .at 5 .after 6 .in 7 .in 8 .At 9 .on 10 .in 11 .to 12 .to 13 .of 14 .over 15 .With 16 .of 17 .at 18 .in 19 .in 20 .on 21 .on 22 .from 23 .in 24 .with 25 .for 26 .of 27 .past 28 .at 29 .about 30 .in 31 .from ,to 32 .in 33 .at 34 .on 35 .for 36 .at ,at 37 .for 38 .from 39 .like 40 .about 41-45 ACCBC 46-50 ACDBB 51-55 CDBCA 56-60 BCBAB 61.C.among 62.D .with 63 .C .去掉 64 .A .in 65 .B .on 66 .C .去掉

中考英语语法考点系列导练（八）连词

【考点扫描】

连词是用来连接词、短语、句子或从句的词，它属于一种虚词，在句子中不重读，不能单独充当句子成分。根据连词的作用，连词可以分为并列连词、从属连词、分词连词和短语连词。中考经常考查有关连词的要点有下列几种情况：

1、对连接同等的词、词组或分句的and, but, or, for, neither…nor…, either…or…, both…and…, not only…but also…等并列连词的考查。

2、对引导名词性从句或状语从句的when、if、that、because、until、although等从属连词基本用法的考查。

3、几组容易混淆的连词或词组。

【策略点拨】

在近年的中考题中，连词的主要考查题型集中在选择填空、句型转换和汉译英等。在解题时，我们要通读全句，了解大意，仔细分析是并列句还是主从复合句，然后再确定选用适当的连词。

参考答案

连词

1-5 CBADD 6-10 DBABA 11-15 CDBBC 16-20 ADDBC 21-25 AABAD 26-30 CAAAA 31-35 BBCCB 36-40 BCCCB 41.both, and 42.old enough 43.Work, or 44. if / whether, had 45.didn”t , until 46.or 47.didn’t, until 48.because 49.when 50.so, that 51.as, as 52.but 53.if 54.since 55.before 56.after 57.and 58.and 59.or 60.or 61.but/while 62. if 63.while 64.as soon as 65.until 66.sice 67..neither, nor 68.not only, but also 69.either, or 70.as,as; not so, as

初中英语语法考点系列导练（九）非谓语动词

【考点扫描】

非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即： doing ,done; to do。虽然非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但是它们仍具有动词的特征，它们都能带自己的状语或跟宾语。分词具有形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词具有名词的特征，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等；不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、补足语或状语。

【策略点拨】

考查非谓语动词的常见题型有选择填空、用动词的适当形式填空等。做这类题时主要是找到相关的关键词，平时学习的时候要牢记这些重点的常见的动词用法。

参考答案

非谓语动词

1-5 ABADC 6-10 DBBBC 11-15 ADAAA 16-20 DCACB 21-25 DABCB 26-30 BCBBC 31-35AABDA 36-40ABABB 41-45BCDCD 46-50CBDCB 51-55ABBAA 56-60CCBBB 61-65ACCBB 66-70DBADB 71-75BADAC 76-80BBCBC 81.discussing 82.living 83.built 84.to eat 85.to go 86.to have 87bringing 88.to be repaired 89.called 90.looking 91.to send 92.teaching 93.smiling 94. to get 95.to tell 96. not to see 97. to pay 98. to sleep 99.talking 100. to post 101. swimming 102.to see 103.eating 104.protecting 105. to live 106. to meet 107. to be 108. to ask 109. reading ,camping 110. to attend

英语中考复习时态系列之（一）现在进行时

作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。

现在进行时表示1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.

2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. They are working these days.

3、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。E.g I am coming.

其结构为be+现在分词. 现在分词的变法有

1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump

2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. E.g have write

3、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put

其句式变换都在be上做文章。

E.g. He is buying a bike.

Is he buying a bike?

He isn’t buying a bike.

一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。

尽管现在进行时比较简单，但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误，常见的错误有如下几种：

英语中考复习时态系列之（二）一般现在时

一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是中考复习的重点。它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.

其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前.

其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作，一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?

2）单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。

E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.

Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.

Does Jenny speak English very well?

含有be动词的要在be上做变化.

E.g. Danny is a good student.

Danny isn’t a good student.

Is Danny a good student?

其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等

做题时常见错误如下：

一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中

例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.

答案：plant

解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be 、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。”

英语中考复习时态系列之(三) 过去进行时

过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作。可以从两个方面来理解：1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。E.g. They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning. My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.

其结构是助动词be的过去形式was/were +v-ing.

其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.

We weren’t working in class. Were you working in class?

过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.

做题时常见错误如下：

一、易把be+现在分词记成be+过去分词

例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.

答案：was talking

解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。

二、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词

例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.

2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday

三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing

例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (对划线部分提问)

What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?

四、易与现在进行时弄混

例：My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.

五、易与一般过去时弄混

例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。

I read (read) a story book yesterday evening

另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。

e.g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.

答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D 10 B 11 A

1 were feeding 2 wasn’t washing 3 was mending 4 was walking

英语中考复习时态系列之（四）一般过去时

一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解：1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。e.g. What did you say?

另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen?

其结构是“主语+动词的过去式”。be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked; 2）以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped; 4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.

其句式变化分为两种情况1)含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didn't.,同时把动词变成原形; 变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词did,同时把动词变成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?

其时间状语为yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 由“last+时间”构成的短语, e.g. last year; 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示过去时态的从句.注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去.

常见错误如下:

一把动词变成过去式易出错

例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now.

2 They plaied (play) football yesterday.

答案: 1 stopped 2 played

解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:“动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢记;y前若是辅音字,y变i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed.”

二忘记把动词变成过去式

例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday.

答案: flew

解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:“一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记”.

三在句式变换时易出错

例: 1 We didn't went (not go) out last Friday.

2 Did you had (have) a good time yesterday?

答案: 1 didn't go 2 Did have

解析:请记住口诀“见助动, 用原形.”

四易与单三人称作主语的一般现在时弄混

例: He taughts (teach) me English last year.

答案: taught

解析:行为动词的过去式无人称和数的变化.即使主语是单三人称,也和其它人称所用动词的形式一样.

五易与现在完成时弄混

例: 我看过这部电影

I saw(see) the film.

答案: I have seen (see) the film.

解析:“我看过这部电影”说明我了解这部电影的内容,强调现在的情况,应用现在完成时;

一般过去时态的句子只是说明我看了这场电影,与现在无关..

六易与过去进行时弄混,这里不在重复。

答案: 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 D 6 C

1 were 2 was 3 didn't go 4 read 5 saw go

6 does ; didn't do 7 played 8 did write ; wrote 9 have 10 have ea

英语中考复习时态系列之（五）一般将来时

一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及计划、打算做某事。E.g. They will have a football match tomorrow. He will be thirty next week. She is going to buy a coat this afternoon.

其结构有如下几种: 1)will + 动词原形(will可以用于任何人称) 需要注意的是当主语是第一人称时will可以换成shall,特别是在以I或we作主语的问句中,一般用shall. e.g. Shall we go to the zoo? 2)be going to +动词原形 3)现在进行时也可表示将来,前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.

第一种结构的句式变化是: 变否定句在will后边加not. 变一般疑问句把will提前. e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? 第二种结构的句式变化要在be上做文章. E.g. They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom?

其时间状语有如下几种 1）this引导的短语如 this year 2）tomorrow及其相关短语如tomorrow morning 3）next引导的短语如 next month 4) from now on ; in the future ; in an hour 等。

做题时常见错误如下：

一、易忽视动词用原形形式

例：1 He will is (be) at school next Monday.

2 He is going to does (do) his homework after school.

答案：1 be 2 do

解析：第一题有的同学一看he做主语就用了is，忽视了will后应加动词原形。我们在写句子时，很容易把动词丢掉，“英语句子里，动词不能少”的规律必须要牢记。第二题中to后加动词原形，而不是用单三人称.。

二、be going to +动词原形与will+动词原形用法不清楚

例：我正努力学习，准备参加英语考试。

I am studying hard and I will try for my English exams.

答案：I am studying hard and I am going to try for my English exams.

解析：“be going to” 表示计划、打算要做某事。E.g. He is going to visit his friends. 还表示某种迹象表明会发生某事.e.g. Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 而“Will+动词原形 ”指对将来事物的预见、表示意愿、决心。E.g. I will wait for you until you come. 在单纯预测未来时，二者可以互换，但在此题中只能用be going to，而不能用will。

三、 There be结构的一般将来时易出错

例：There_________ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)

A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have

答案：A

解析：There be结构的一般将来时既要符合There be结构，又要符合一般将来时。有的同学认为have当“有”讲，所以选了B，但There be结构就不成立了，此句中is是be going to中的，是由后边的单数名词决定的.

四、 be going to结构中易丢掉to

例：I’m going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)

A to will go B to go to C go to D to go

答案：B

解析：由tomorrow可知是一般将来时，be going to +动词原形，所以先确定用to go , 在B、 D当中选，而go to school 是固定词组，不能因为前边有一个to而省略，这是一个易错点，需要注意。

另外，在时间状语或条件状语从句中，若主句用了将来时，从句则用一般现在时，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.

英语中考复习时态系列之（六）现在完成时

现在完成时表示1）过去发生或已经完成的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果．（即它的＂完成用法＂）e.g. I have just cleaned the classroom. 2)过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。注意：此时动作可能还要继续。（即它的＂未完成用法＂）。 E.g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years.

其结构是“have/has+过去分词”。过去分词的变化分规则与不规则两种。规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需要另记。

它的否定句是在have/has后边加not，变一般疑问句是把have/has提前。E.g. I have ridden a horse. I have not ridden a horse. Have you ridden a horse?

它的时间状语通常为already, just, yet, ever, never, before等。另外还可和since+表过去的时间点，for+时间段连用。

做题时常见错误如下：

一、易丢掉have/has

例：He taken (take) the medicine before.

答案：has taken

解析：have/has 为助动词，起构成时态的作用，是不能省略的。我们可以这样记：“现在完成时态中，have/has 不可缺。”

二、have与has易用混

例：I has never heard (hear) of that before.

答案：have heard

解析：现在完成时与一般现在时一样也有单三人称的变化，当单三人称作主语时用 has, 一般人称作主语时用have．

三、延续性动词与短暂性动词易弄错

例：She has left (离开) for 2 hours.

答案：has been away

解析：在肯定句中，与since或for引出的时间状语连用的是延续性动词，不能是短暂性动词，但在否定句中短暂性动词也是可以的。E.g. I haven't bought clothes for one year. 在此题中leave是短暂性动词，不能与for+时间段连用，须把它改成相应的延续性动词。如stop be over等。此题中leave要改成be away。这两种词的转换是学习现在完成时需要注意的。答案：1B 2 D 3 B 4D 5 B 6 C 7 C 8 C 9 A 10 A 11 A

1 taken 2 has been, left 3made 4 have had 5 has 6 have been 7 has gone 8 has read 9 has taught 10 have met

四、have been to与 have gone to 易弄混

例：我去过北京。

I have gone to Beijing.

答案：I have been to Beijing.

解析：“have been to+地点” 是表示曾去过某地，但此刻不在那儿（即在说话的地方）。而“have gone to+地点” 是表示去某地了，此刻在路上或已经到了那个地方（即不在说话的地方）。注意：这两个句式后接副词时，需省to。E.g. He has gone there.

五、忘记把already变成yet

例：I have already finished my homework.(变一般疑问句)

Have you already finished your homework?

答案： Have you finished your homework yet?

解析：现在完成时态中，肯定句中有already，变否定句或疑问句时通常要改为yet．

六、在条件、时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来

例：I'll go with you when I finish(finish) my homework.

答案：have finished

解析：在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作，用现在完成时。但注意，此时表示这动作将在另一动作之前完成，若两动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生，则一般不用现在完成时。

另外，现在完成时易与一般过去时弄混，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复．

英语中考复习时态系列之（七）过去完成时

过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。它是一个相对的时态,只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到. E.g. By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals. We had already had lunch before we arrived there.

其结构是“had+过去分词”.

它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock?

它通常和before, by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用. 另外, 复合句的主句为一般过去时, 宾语从句表达过去发生的动作时,从句也要用过去完成时. E.g. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before.

做题时常见错误如下：

篇11：动词时态语态填空题（1） (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

动词时态语态填空题（1）

1. ---Has Sam finished his homework today?

---I have no idea. He ____________(do) it this morning.

2. ---Thank goodness, you’re here! What ___________(keep) you?

---Traffic jam.

3. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ________________(consider) going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

4. ― What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

― I had just finished my work and _________________(start) to take a shower.

5. Because the shop_______________________(close down), all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

6. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he________________ (see) her somewhere.

7. ―George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?

―No, I________________ (not invite). Did they have a big wedding

8. More patients ___________________(treat) in hospital this year than last year.

9. ―You were out when I dropped in at your house.

―Oh, I _________________(wait) for a friend from England at the airport.

10. －Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.

－Where was I?

－You ___________________(say) you didn't like your father's job.

11. She has set a new record ,that is ,the sales of her latest book ____________________(reach) 50 million.

12. The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people_________________ (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.

13. According to the art dealer, the painting ____________________(expect) to go for at least a million dollars.

14. The silence of the library __________________(break) only by the sound of pages being turned over．

15. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _________________(complete) in Beijing.

16. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday_________________(not decide) yet.

17. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _________(grow).

18. Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It ____________(stay) fresh for several days.

19. At this time tomorrow, we ___________________ (fly)over the Atlantic.

20. ---How long __________ David and Vicky _____________ ? (marry)

--- For about three years.

Answers:

1. was doing 2.kept

3.has been considering 4.was starting

5. is closing down 6.had seen

7. had not been invited 8. have been treated

9. was waiting 10. were saying

11. have reached 12. are persuaded

13. is expected 14.was broken

15. had been completed 16. has not been decided

17. grew 18. will stay

19.will be flying 20. have…… been

动词时态语态填空题（2）

1. --- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?

--- Sorry. It __________________________(repair).

2. Excuse me, I ______________________(not realize) I was blocking you r way.

3. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __________________ (do) for me.

4. 一Were you surprised by the ending of the film?

一No. I _____________________ (read) the book, so I already knew the story.

5. --Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.

--How nice! You ______________________________(experience) a different culture then.

6. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ___________________ (do) it. Was it you?

7. -Why, Jack, you look so tired!

---Well, I _______________________(paint) the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.

8. ---Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

---We _______________________ (be) busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.

9. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he _______________________ (focus) more on its culture.

10. Joseph ________________________(go) to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.

11. Up to now, the program __________________________(save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died.

12. It is reported that many a new house _________________________(build) at present in the disaster area.

13. When I talked with my grandma on the phone ,she sounded weak, but by the time we _______________(hang) up, her voice had been full of life.

14. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _______________(come) on the market in 1973.

15. Daniel's family _________________________(enjoy) their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.

16. Edward, you play so well. But I _______________________(not know) you played the piano.

17. Would you please keep silent? The weather report __________________________(broadcast) and I want to listen.

18. My parents have promised to come to see me before I __________________(leave) for Africa.

19. This is the first time we ___________________(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.

20. She stared at the painting ,wondering where she ______________________(see) it.

21. -I’ve got to go now.

-Must you? I ________________________(think) you could stay for dinner with us.

22. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future __________________(belong) to the well-educated.

Answers:

1. is being repaired

2. didn’t realize

3. had done

4. had read

5. will be experiencing

6. had done

7. have been painting

8. had been

9. would focus

10. has been going

11. has saved

12. is being built

13. hung

14. came

15. will be enjoying

16. didn’t know

17. is being broadcast

18. leave

19. have seen

20. had seen

21. thought

22. belongs

动词时态语态填空题（3）

1．Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____________________(change) so rapidly.

2．I________________ (play) ping-pong quite well ,but I haven’t had time to play since the new year .

3．Visitors ____________________ (request) not to touch the exhibits .

4. -You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?

- I'm sorry I________________ (not say) anything about it sooner. I certainly think it's pretty on you.

5. I wonder why Jenny_____________________ (not write) us recently. We should have heard from her by now.

6. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ______________________ (graduate) from the university next year.

7. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ________________(take) off at 18:20.

8. The little girl ___________________(cry) her heart out because she _________________(lose) her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it.

9. ------Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favour?

-----Of course. What is it?

-----I _______________________(wonder) if you could tell me how to fill out this form.

10．Nowadays with the development of Our society, more and more hi-tech products ____________________________ (introduce) to our life．

11. My money _________________(run out) , so I must go to the bank to draw some of savings out before I’ve none in hand.

12. The meat price __________________(rise) in the past two months and I don’t know if it will continue.

13. My headache __________________(kill) me．I thought it was going away, but it’s getting worse and worse．

14. He would have come here on time, but he ________________(keep) by the heavy traffic on the way.

15. He ___________________(learn) more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.

16. Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science __________________(show) that people who don't sleep well soon get ill.

17. This new method of teaching __________________(experiment) for the time being in our school. It will be carried out all over the city.

18. --- Did you hear anything strange in the building at ten last night?

--- No, I _________________(watch) a movie on the Internet.

19．- Has your former classmate come back from America?

- Yes, he _________________ (stay) there for eight years

20．-Why were you not at the concert last night？

- I ____________________ (watch) a close game between Seattle Sonics and Miami Bucks.

21. --_________ you ______________(meet) the editor at the airport?

--No, he __________________(drive) away before my arrival.

22. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt ________________(leave) for London to attend a meeting.

23. About 87.5% of the Chinese people feel that their living burdens are heavier than ten years ago, but their incomes __________________(increase).

24. -- I hear you have an experience in the Roya1 Air Force. Is that true？

-- Yes. I ____________________ (serve) in the Royal Air Force for six years.

25. -Did you see a man in black pass by just now?

-No, sir. I __________________(read) a newspaper.

Answers:

1．is changing 2．play 3．are requested 4. didn’t say 5. hasn' t written 6.graduates 7. takes 8. cried; had lost 9. was wondering 10．have been introduced 11. is running out 12. has been rising 13. is killing 14. was kept 15 . had learned

16. has shown 17. is being experimented 18. was watching 19．stayed

20．was watching 21. Did; meet; had been driven 22. will have left 23. have increased 24. served 25. was reading

动词时态语态填空题（4）

1. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _________________(give)to half a dozen other groups.

2. --- Where did you put the car keys?

--- Oh, I ____________________ (remember)I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I ___________________ (come)in.

3. The moment the 28th Olympic Games ____________(declare) open, the whole world cheered.

4. Although medical science ____________(achieve) control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.

5. My cousin went to Canada two yours ago. He _____________(work)there for a few months and then went to America．

6. It is said that the early European playing-cards ______________(design)for entertainment and education.

7. Although the causes of cancer ________________________(uncover), we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.

8. What we used to think _____________ (be) impossible now does seem possible.

9. This machine ________________ (not; work ) . It hasn’t worked for years.

10. I ______________________(live)in London for many years，but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.

11. When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike ____________________(expect) to become a world champion by his coach and parents.

12. Energy drinks are not allowed ____________________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.

13. -- If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been hack by 6 o'clock.

-- What a pity! Tina _________________(be) here to see you.

14. Scientists think that the continents _________(not;be) always where they __________(be)today.

15. -Why did you leave that position?

-I ________________(offer) a better position at IBM.

16. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ____________________(decide)that they won't support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.

17. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn't want her parents to know what she __________________(do).

18. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _____________(call) the Pacific, and we met no storms.

19. --- What's wrong with your coat?

--- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____________(sit) on it.

20. --- What are you going to do this afternoon?

---I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film__________________(finish) quite early, so we___________________(go) to the bookstore after that.

Answers

1.had given 2.remember;was coming/came 3.were declared

4.has achieved 5.worked 6.were designed

7.are being uncovered 8.was 9.doesn’t work

10.lived 11.was expected 12.te be made

13.was 14.weren’t; are 15.was offered

16.have decided 17.was doing 18.is called

19.was sitting 20.finishes;are going

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇12：整合英语阅读与写作教学案例(人教版高考复习)

概要：写作是学习者英语综合能力的体现。但在学生的口语表达能力有较大提高的情况下，学生的写作能力还相对滞后。在教学中或在高考阅卷中常常发现：学生的审题能力差，偏离主题现象严重；文章词语贫乏，语言素材不丰富，句子意识差；表达不得体，结构单一，缺少连贯性，篇章意识差等等。英语写作已成了英语教学的老大难问题，也成了英语教学的瓶颈。本文拟通过整合阅读与写作教学，以读促写，是阅读教学的延伸与深化，是语言学习从语言输入到语言输出的一个质的转变，从而实现提高英语写作能力的目的。

关键词：阅读教学阅读与写作整合，写作策略写作能力

一、问题的提出

语言是人们思想交流的工具，有声语言和书写语言是语言交流的两种媒介。写作是学习者英语综合能力的体现。高中英语新课程标准对写作提出了更高的要求，八级要求为“能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；能根据用文字级图表提供的信息写短文或报告；能写出与一连关切结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺”。但在教学中或在高考阅卷中常常发现：学生的审题能力差，偏离主题现象严重；文章词语贫乏，语言素材不丰富，句子意识差；表达不得体，结构单一，缺少连贯性，篇章意识差等等，在学生的口语表达能力有较大提高的情况下，学生的写作能力还相对滞后。英语写作已成了英语教学的老大难问题，也成了英语教学的瓶颈。这一严重现象的出现，作者认为有以下几个原因：

1、目前高中英语教学中一般不开设专门的外语写作课，没有对学生英语写作基本功进行系统训练，往往是进行短期的突击性应试模拟训练，对学生写作技能的培养可以说尚属空白。

2、学生的阅读量小和阅读面窄，造成词汇量小，写作语言素材贫乏；

3、学生良好的阅读策略与写作策略缺少，导致学生的篇章意识差等。

为了适应发展中的社会，满足社会的需求，使高中毕业生的英语写作水平达到高中英语新课程标准的八级或九级的写作目标，高中英语教学中对学生写作技能的培养必须是长期的、有目的循序渐进的写作技能培养。阅读是语言输入的主要途径，更是写作的基础。阅读能给学生提供大量的写作素材，通过阅读,学生可以积累词汇，储存句法、语篇知识，学习遣词造句、布局谋篇的写作技巧。大量阅读又有助于培养语感，并逐步养成用英语思考的习惯。用英语写作就必须用英语思考，这与大量阅读是分不开的。否则，就会写出汉化英语。撇开阅读谈写作犹如谈无米之炊。自己在教学实践中，逐步形成了以下设想：高中阶段对学生进行“多而杂”的阅读训练，即向学生提供程度相当、题材广泛的阅读材料，结合单元话题补充相应的课外阅读材料,

在阅读中扩大学生的语言词汇、强化语言结构、介绍文化背景知识篇章结构知识、训练篇章理解能力，再结合阅读指导学生写作，将阅读成果转化为写作,

提高英语写作能力。

二、阅读与写作教学的整合案例

教学设计

设计意图：运用“讨论式”的英语教学模式和采用“任务型”英语教学途径，培养同学们的听说读写能力，突出阅读和写作技能训练、学习策略的培养、阅读和写作的实践，从而使学生领会语言信息的输入与输出、阅读和写作之间的内在联系，并引导学生独立思考并以讨论、合作学习的方式练习英语写作。

主题内容：Born Dying Unit 7 SBII

篇13：高考英语单选等题型分析教学案例(人教版英语高考复习)

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节单选填空（共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15分）

从A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child be or she wants.

A .however B .whatever C.whichever D.whenever

21.---We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.

---Yes, ?I’ll give them a call right now.

A. why not B. What forC. why D. what

【答案】C

【解析】考察时态。时态题目做题的关键在于把握动作或状态发生的时间。本题要填入的是一个状态，为make no sense无意义，那么这个状态发生的时间是什么时候呢？题目的下半句话说，很多事情在明年都会发生变化，暗示没有意义这个状态是跟现在有关的，说明现在过早的做计划是没有意义的，因此选择表示现在状态的一般现在时。句意为，过早的做计划是没有意义的，因为很多事情在明年都会发生变化。

24.I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he polite.

A.was just beingB.will just be C.had just been D.would just be

25.-Someone wants you on the phone.

- nobody knows I am here.

A.Although B.And C.But D.So

27．The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.

A.roseB.rising C. to rise D.risen

29．When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.

A.had been lying B.has been lying C.was lying D.has lain

【答案】A

32．They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.

A.will B.can C.must D.should

【答案】D

【解析】考察情态动词。shall常用于第二、三人称主语后面表示说话人的意图。句子的意思为，他们应该在午饭的时间到达，但是航班却晚点了。根据句意应选D。

33．It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.

A.a;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;不填

【答案】A

【解析】考察冠词。句中冠词后的两个名词为boy和man，皆为单数可数名词。句子的意思为，大家普遍认为，男孩必须站起来像男人一样去战斗。从句子的意思我们可以看出，boy和man都是泛指，单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。

34．William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .

A.disappearB.fallC.fail D.damage

【答案】C

第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life,a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory__36__course about 20 years ago.The profedssor __37__the lecture hall,placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and inbited the students to _38_how many beans the jar contained.After __39__shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin,dry smile,announced the __40__ answer,and went on saying,”You have just __41__an important lesson about science.That is Never__42__ your own senses.”Twenty years later,the __43__could guess what the professor had in mind.He __44__himself,perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting __45__into an unknown world

Invisible（无形的）to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through scientific 47 .But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitattion.She was just 49 to understand the world.And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be tne 51 .The professor,however,said that it was 52 .he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute.“I remember feeling small and 54 ,”the women says,“and I did the only thing I could do.I 55 the course that afternoon,and I haven’t gone near science since.”

36．A.art B.history C.science D.math

37．A.searched fo B.looked at C.got through D.marched into

38．A.count B.guess C.report D.watch

39．A.warning B.giving C.turning away D.listening to

40．A.ready B.possible C.correct D.difficult

41．A.learned B.prepared C.taught D.taken

42．A.lose B.trust C.sharpen D.show

43．A.lecturer B.scientist C.speaker D.woman

44．A.described B.respected C.saw D.served

45．A.voyage B.movement C.change D.rush

46.A.professor B.eye C.knowledgeD.light

47.A.model B.senses C.spintD.methods

48.A.hearB.make C.present D.refuse

49.A.suggesting B.beginning C.pretending D.waiting

50.A.believed B.doubtedC.proved D.explained

51. A.growth B.strengthC.faith D.truth

52.A.firmB.intersting C.wrong D.acceptable

53.A.taskB.tool C.success D.connection

54.A.cruel B.pround C.frightened D.brave

55.A.dropped B.startedC.passed D.missed

march into是含义是“行军、走过”。

【解析】考查名词，学生对未知世界开启的是一次航程，而非“运动”、“改变”亦或者“匆忙冲进”，于是选择A。

46.【答案】B

【解析】考查名词，解题关键是invisible，并且给出了中文注释。中文注释是必须关注的，给出中文注释的词未必是大家不认识的，但必须是解题的关键，本题就是完全的体现，对于什么而言是无形的，形状自然是眼睛看到的，于是选择B本题难。

47.【答案】D

【解析】考查名词，因为我们说过三段开始由“二十年后”引出，说明前后段逻辑紧密，而前一段说明的事情是我们不能相信自己的感觉做科学，于是本题中能够发现那个肉眼无法识别的无形未知世界的绝不是“感觉”或者“精神”，排除B、C；而model的含义是“模型”，显然的无关选项，排除；最终选择D，科学的方法。

48.【答案】A

【解析】考查动词，even是一个强烈的递进关系词，那么根据语义，相比不能接受这些邀请更加强烈的情况是不去听这些邀请。

55.【答案】A

【解析】考查动词，被教授伤害后，我对这个科目能做的动作显然不是“开始学习”或者“通过”，于是排除B、C；而missed的含义是“失去”，无关选项；选择A，“放弃”。

第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When milk arrived on the doorstep

When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.

Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note-“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”-and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.

All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to out house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.

There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.

Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch （门廊）. Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.

56. Mr Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer__ to satisfy his curiosity __.

A. to show his magical power.B. to pay for the delivery

C. to satisfy his curiosity. D. to please his mother.

57. What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?

A. He wanted to have tea t here.

B. He was a respectable person.

C. He was treated as a family member.

D. He was fully trusted by the family.

58. Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?

A. Nobody wants to be a milkman now.

B. It has been driven out of the market.

C. Its service is getting poor.

D. It is forbidden by law.

59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?

A. He missed the good old days.

B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.

C. He missed it for his milk bottles.

D. He planted flowers in it.

The word advertising refers to any kind of public announcement that brings products and Services to the attention 0f people．Throughout history , advertising has been all effective way to promote(促进)the trading and selling of goods．In the Middle Ages，merchants ants employed “town criers” to read public messages aloud to promote their goods．When printing was invented in the fifteenth century , pages of advertisements(ads)could be printed easily and were either hung in public places or put in books．

By the end of the seventeenth century , when newspapers were beginning to be read by more People , printed materials became all important way to promote products and services．The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising .This was SO successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants．

Advertising spread quickly throughout the eighteenth century．Ad writers were starting to Pay more attention to the design of the ad text．Everything，from clothes to drinks，was promoted with clever methods such as repetition of the firm’s name or product ,words organized in eye-Catching patterns，the use of pretty pictures and expressions easy to remember． Near the end of the nineteenth century ,companies that were devoted to the production of ads Came to be known as“advertising agencies(广告商)．”The agencies developed new ways to get people to think of themselves as members of a group．Throughout the twentieth century,advertising agencies promoted consumerism(消费主义)as a way of life，spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the“righ”products.

60．What was advertising like in the Middle Ages?

A．Merchants were employed to promote products．

B．Ad messages were shouted out in public places．

C．Product information was included in books．

D．Ad signs were put up in towns．

61．What does the word ”This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Advertising in newspapers．

B．Including pictures in ads．

C．Selling goods in markets．

D．Working with ad agencies．

62．The l8th century advertising was special in its______．

A.growing spending B．printing materials

C．advertising companies D．attractive designs

63 Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A．The Story of Advertising

B．ne Value of Advertising Designs

C．The Role of Newspaper Advertising

D． The Development of Printing for Advertising

While small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.

The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, showe heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.

But it is not just the extra-tall whose needs are not being met. The average night of the population has been increasing ye the standard size of beds, doorways, and chairs has remained unchanged.]

“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king-size bed at 6′6″(6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the male population.” Said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”

Sililarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long-legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.

Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Houses′Caledoman Hotl in Edinburgh, 6′6″beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Americans.

64. What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?

A. To provide better services.

B. To rebuild hotels and restaurants.

C. To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.

D. To attract more people to become its members.

65. Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?

A. 7′2″.B. 7′ C. 6′6″ D. 6′3″

66.What may happen to restaurants with small tables?

A. They may lose some customers.

B. They may start businesses elsewhere.

C. They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.

D. They have to provide enough space for the long-legged.

67. What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?

A. Tall people pay more for larger beds.

B. 6′6″beds have taken the place of 6′3″beds.

C. Special rooms are kept for Americans.

D. Guest rooms are standardized.

【解题导语】说明文。主要讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP在六个月以前向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动。

64. 答案C 细节理解题。由第二段的which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants.可知TPCGP是为了让公众注意高个子的一些特殊需求。

65. 答案B细节理解题。由倒数第三段Said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”可知。

66. 答案A推理题。由倒数第二段的内容可知，如果饭店使用小的桌子，自然就失去了高个子这样一类群体的顾客。选A。

67. 答案B。细节理解题。ACD在文中均是无中生有，在文中无对应内容。由倒数第一段可知6′6″beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Americans.B项正确。

Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband’s income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her fist garden, Ms Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family’s old farm house has become a chicken bourse ,its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she ha s made it much larger because, she said ,“The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it’s a win-win situation all around.”

They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Other have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say no since the 1970s have there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country hacek been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.

George C.Ball Jr, owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40%, over last year, double the average growth of last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is striking use in me cost on food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruit and vegetables. Food prices have increase of higher oil price. People are driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there more time to garden.

68What does the word”residents”in Paragraph l probably refer to?

A.chickens B.tomatoes C．gardens D．people

69.By saying“a win-win situation all around”，Ms．Gartin means that________.

A．she is happier and her garden bigger

B．she may spend less and lose weight

C．she is selling more and buying less

D．she has grown more varieties of vegetables

70．Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?

A．More Americans are doing it for fun．

B．The price of oil is lower than before．

C．There’s a growing need for fruits．

D．The cost of living is on the rise．

71．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A．Family Food Planning B．Banking on Gardening

C．A Belt-tightening Move D．Gardening as a Hobby

Wanted, Someone for a Kiss

We’re looking for producers to join us in the second of London 100FM. You’ll work on the station’s music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply(申请) in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss100.

Father Christmas

We’re looking for a very special person preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.

Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December17 to December24 except Sunday, 10:30-16:00

Excellent pay.

Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Center, Station Parade, Eastbourne.

Accountants Assistant

When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver of for somebody who has office experience.

Wealden District Council

Software Trainer

If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make our decision, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of ￡15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.

72. Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?

A. Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B. Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.

C. The Enterprise Shopping Centre D. Wealden District Council.

73. We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who __________________.

A. is aged between 24 and 40B. may do some training work

C. should deal with general duties D. can work for about a month

74. which position is open to recent school graduates?

A. Producer,London Kiss.

B.Father Christmas.

C. Accountants Assistant

D.Software Trainer

75.What kind of person would probably apply to Palmace Limited?

A.One with GCSE grade C level.

B. One with some office experience.

C. One having good computer knowledge

D. One trained in producing music programmes.

第二卷

注意：将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My summer travel started terribly .I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hang Zhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag Form the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.

答案：

My summer travel started terribly .I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hang Zhou. I

buying

was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket

there a

but turned around to pick up my bag Form the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.Luckily

and

I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very strange to

in were

travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very

luggage friend’s felt

第二节书面表达（满分15分）

假定你是李华，正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到一些困难，希望得到学校辅导中心（Learning Center）的帮助。根据学校规定，你须书面预约，请按下列要点写一封信：

1.本人简介； 2.求助内容； 3.约定时间；

4.你的联系方式（Email:lihua@126.com;Phone:12345678）

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

1. 结束语以为你写好

篇14：考点 6 动词的时态和语态 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

考点 6 动词的时态和语态

1. He ______ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _______.

A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. Was going; had occurred

2. I was giving a talk to a target group of people, the same talk I to half a dozen other groups.

A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given

3. The house belongs to my aunt but she __ here any more.

A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. hadn’t lived D. doesn’t live

4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games __ open, the whole world cheered.

A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared

5. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane .

A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off

6. - If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I couldn’t have been back by 6 o’clock.

- What a pity! Tina here to see you.

A. is B. was C. would be D. has been

7. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else such a beautiful palace.

A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find

8. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables.

A. persuade B. will persuaded C. be persuaded D. are persuaded

9. Now that she is out of job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to considered

10. I with my uncle and aunt because my parents have gone abroad for a holiday.

A. stayed B. am staying C. have stayed D. was staying

11. - What’s the weather like tomorrow?

- Well, I it, for the scenic pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on.

A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. had missed

12. - Has George returned from Japan yet? I’d like to meet him.

- I’m terribly sorry, but he back here only for last weekend.

A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was

13. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.

A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused

14. - Why did you leave that position?

- I a better position at IBM.

A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered

15. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.

A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away

16. According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars.

A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting

17. The hero’s story differently in the newspapers.

A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported

18. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which placed under the Minister’s car. A. has been B. had been C. was being D. would be

19. - the Christmas card Mr. White? - No. It’s still on the desk.

A. Has; given B. Was; given C. Has; been given D. Will; be given

20. Only when your identity has been checked, _ .

A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in

C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in

21. - Do you know anyone in Paris?

- No, but I’ll make friends once .

A. I’m settled B. I’ll be settled C. I’ve been settled D. I had settled

22. The high standard of the nation’s literature and art widespread attention.

A. was attracted B. have attracted C. has attracted D. has been attracted

23. When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.

A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden

C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid

24. Scientists think that the continents _______ where they today.

A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were

25. Let’s keep to the point or we any decisions.

A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached

26. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years I enjoyed myself so much.

A. when B. that C. before D. since

27. The cell phone I I is on the backseat of my car.

A. thought; had lost B. think; had lost C. thought; have lost D. think; lost

28. - Alice, you looked puzzled. Have you understood it?

-Yes. I another problem just now.

A. have thought of B. am thinking of C. had thought of D. was thinking of

29. I toured Zhangjiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.

A. For the first time B. At first C. It was the first time D. The first time

30. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He there for a few months and then went to America.

A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working

31. - Hey, boy! Look where you are going! - Oh, I’m terribly sorry, .

A. I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing C. I am not noticed D. I don’t noticed

32. All the preparations for the task , and they’re ready to start.

A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed

33. The water cool when I joined into the pool for morning exercise.

A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels

34. I think it is necessary for my 19 -year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he home for dinner.

A. come B. comes C. has come D. will come

35. It is said that the early European playing cards for entertainment and education.

A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed

36. In a room above the store, where a party __ , some workers were busily setting the table.

A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held

37. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 off at 18:20.

A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken

38. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ________ at the garage.

A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired

39. Customers are asked to make sure that they the fight change before leaving the shop.

A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given

40. I in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.

A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived

41. I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he on it for more than an hour.

A. has been working B. will have worked C. had worked D. will have been working

42. - What’s wrong with your coat?

- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me on it.

A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting

43. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which the Pacific, and we met no storms.

A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called

44. - Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.

- Oh! I thought they without me.

A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone

45. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.

A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide

46. When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.

A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden

C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid

47. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt for London to attend a meeting.

A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left

48. - Why were you not at the concert last night?

- I a close game between Seattle Senies and Miami Bucks.

A. watched B. was watching C. have watched D. had watched

49. He told me that his plane __ at 5 o’clock.

A. will take off B. has taken off C. was taking off D. is taking off

50. - Are you glad that you come to Washington?

- Yes indeed. I going to New York or Boston, but I’ve never regretted my decision.

A. have considered B. am considering C. had considered D. was considering

51. You must do your homework now; you computer games all the evening.

A. have been playing B. play C. are playing D. played

52. It long before the Chinese Space Center Shenzhou VII spaceship.

A. will not be; launches B. is; will launch C. will not be; will launch D. is; launches

53. He ______ always _______ me as a child, so I can’t put up with him any longer.

A. does; treat B. /; treats C. had, treated D. is; treating

54. By the time he arrives here, we here for three months.

A. have been staying B. have stayed C. shall stay D. will have stayed

55. The little boy while watching TV. So his mother sent him to bed at once.

A. had fallen asleep B. fell asleep C. was falling asleep D. will have stayed,

56. The mother often tells her child not to get off a bus until it completely.

A. stops B. will stop C. is stopping D. has stopped

57. - I like a pen which _______ well. - Will this one ?

A. is written; do B. is written; work C. writes; do D. writes; work‘

58. - What’s that unpleasant noise?

- Oh, the road before the main gate .

A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. is repaired D. has been repaired

59. - Hi, Kim. What’s up? - I for someone to go to the movie with me.

A. look B. have looked C. looked D. am looking,

60. Congratulations! I hear you a job. When will you start to work?

A. got B. have got C. will get D. had get

61. - Wow, what a large crowd!

- Yes, and they in the cold wind for hours; You know, George W. Bush is soon to deliver his in augural (就职演说) for his second term.

A. will be waiting B. have waited C. are waiting D. have been waiting

II. 考点小资料（动词）

1．无被动结构的特殊动词：have, own, fit, last, want, suit, fail等；

2．含被动意义的主动语态的动词：feel, smell, taste, sound, prove等；

3．无进行时的动词： (1) 描写智力的：know, realize, understand, recognize, believe, feel, suppose, think, imagine, doubt, remember, forget, want, need, prefer, mean等；

(2) 描写感情状况的：love, like , appreciate, hate, dislike, fear, end, mind, care等；

(3) 表“所有，拥有”的：possess, have, own, belong等；

(4) 描写感官、官能状况的：taste, smell, sound, hear, look feel, see等；

(5) 表“存在”的：be, exist, obtain, stay等。

4．主动形式表示被动意义的情况

(1) 某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如 look，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear，prove，后面接形容词或名词做表语。如：The roses smell sweet. The theory proved true.

(2) 某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如read，write，translate，record，lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等。如：Your composition reads well. His voice records well.

(3) 表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，run，move等。如：Work began at 7 o’clock this morning．The shop closes at 6 p．m．everyday．

(4) 少数动词用于进行时，主动形式表示被动含义，如print，build，cook，fly，hang，make等。如：The books are printing. The meat is cooking. My coat is hanging behind the door.

(5) 某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有：happen，take place，break out， belong to，go out，run out等。如： The Anti -Japanese War broke out in 1937. The fire went out gradually.

5．三个特殊句式的固定时态： (1) This/It is the first/second … time + that从句。从句中一般用现在完成时，前面的is为was时，则用过去完成时。如：This is the first time I have come to the famous city. / It was the forth time he had made the same mistake. (2) It is/has been + 一段时间 + since从句。since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time．(3) It + be + 一段时间 + before从句。如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，意思是多长时间后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意思是多长时间后发生了某事。如：It won’t be long before he succeeds．(要不了多久他就会成功) / It was ten years before they met again．(十年后，他们又见面了)

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇15：高考英语第二轮热点复习--动词的时态和语态教案教学设计(新课标版英语高考复习)

内容解读

1．高考考查的八种动词时态是：①一般现在时；②一般过去时；③一般将来时；④现在进行时；⑤过去进行时；⑥现在完成时；⑦过去完成时；⑧过去将来时。

2．容易混淆的三组动词时态是：①一般过去时和现在完成时；②一般过去时和过去完成时；③过去完成时与现在完成时。

3．各种时态及含情态动词的被动形式和应用。

能力解读

1．了解动词时态的时、体概念；

2．了解常考八种时态的基本用法并能够在真实的情景中恰当使用八种时态进行交际；

3．能够区别容易混淆的时态的用法；

4．掌握各种时态及含情态动词的被动语态的形式和应用；

①分清动词的词性，熟悉并掌握常见的不及物动词happen, take place, occur, exist 等，它们不能用被动语态；

② 分清主语与谓语之间的关系；

③ 变被动语态的动词一般为及物动词，但有些不及物动词与介词所形成的短语动词也可有被动形式，此时，变被动语态后介词不能丢；

④ 熟悉并掌握主动形式表被动意义的情况。

规律方法

1．试题的立意由简单直接的“结构立意”（如状语从句、宾语从句等）转向了“情景立意”。试题创设的语境明确，交际情景（对话形式占有一定比例）多是发生在学生学习或日常生活中的真实情况。这样的情景设置实质上是对语法知识、语义理解和语言交际能力的综合考查，体现了高考试题由“知识立意”向“能力立意”转变人命题原则。

2．题干中的有效信息由“外显的”转向“隐藏的”。

3．试题的设问多以中学生普遍感到难以把握的几组时态来相互干扰。

命题趋势

毫无疑问，对于动词时态的考查仍交进高考的测试重点。试题将继续呈现“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，即在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文中考查时态和语态，注重在语境中考查时态和语态。

突破方法

1．学习动词的时态和语态时，切不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框。了解了八种时态的一些常见规则之后，要留心以英语为母语者在实际生活中是如何使用各种时态的语态的。其实，教材中每单元第一课的情景对话，是领司时态用法真谛的最佳语言材料。

2．答题时，研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是动词冗余信息中的时间信息。如第10题目中的haven’t said, Do, I’m, sooner, think, it’s 等，这些表达中都含有时间信息，发现和有效利用这些信息是解决问题的关键。

3．解决时态和语态问题，要遵循如下解题思路：

① 这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些？

② 这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束（完成）？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？

（第4题中的rapidly 是个很关键的信息词）

③ 这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？

只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题的答案，试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。

知识清单

清单一动词的时态

一、时态的概念

时态是一种动词形式，它是“时”和“体”的组合。“时”有现在、过去、将来、过去将来之分；“体”有一般、进行、完成、完成进行之别。动词的动作可发生于四种不同的时间，表现四种不同的“体”，每一种“时+体”就构成一种时态。所以英语动词共有（4×4）十六种时态，高中英语教学大纳中要求掌握的只有八种：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去将来时。另外现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时和将来完成时也比较常用。

二、一般体、进行体、完成体的含义

一向指某动作既不正在进行又不确定完成与否的一种广泛意义上的方式。进行指一种持续性的、未完成的动作。动词的进行时还伴有其他一些意义，如：有限度的延续性、感情色彩、同时性、描述的生动性、强调性等。完成则表示动作发生在某个时间以前，但动作发生的时间总是未经明确指出的。通过例句体会它们的含义差别：

The teacher writes his own notes. （现在习续性动作）

The teacher is writing his notes now. （暂时的还在进行的动作）

The teacher has already written his notes. （现在已经完成的动作）

Xiao Wang comes late often. （现在经常性的动作）

Xiao Wang is always coming late. （带有不满的色彩）

I read a book yesterday evening. （在过去时间的动作）

I was reading a book yesterday evening. （过去时间未完成的持续动作）

I have read the book. （现在已经读完那本书了）

She is always finding fault with others. 她总是挑剔别人的毛病。

He is constantly leaving things about. 他总是丢三拉四。

I am hoping you can come and have supper with us. 我正希望您能来和我们一起吃晚饭。（比如I hope…语气更委婉）

She has been saying that twenty times. 这话她已经说了20遍。

三、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别

1．一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。它所表示的事情纯属过去与现在情况没有联系。现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去产某个或某段时间。它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。

2．一般过去时常用的状语有yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, at that time 等；现在完成时常用的状语有already, just (刚刚), yet, never, before 等；表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间状语有：today, now, lately, recently, in the last / past few days / years (在过去的这几天/年里)。since then, up to now, so far (至今)等。

3．比较下面几组句子，体会两种时态的不同：

He served in the army from 1952 to 1954. （这是过去的一件事）

He has served in the army for 5 years. （现在他仍在军中服役，他是个军人）

He wrote many plays when he was at college.

他上大学的时候，写了许多剧本。（写剧本是他过去的事）

He has written many plays.

他写了许多部剧本。（这意味着他是剧作家）

I saw Hero last year.

去年我看了《英雄》这部电影。（看《英雄》的时间是去年，与现在时间无关）

I have seen Hero before.

我以前看过《英雄》这部电影。（强调现在还知道这部电影的内容。以前看过，但“以前”是表示一个与现在有联系的过去时间，而不是一个确定的与现在无关的过去时间。）

四、一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别

1．一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言的，过去完成时则是对过去某一时刻而言。两种时态建立的时间参照点不同，对过去完成时来说，这一个时间参照点十分重要，它是过去完成概念赖以建立的基础，也是和一般过去时相区别的重要标准。

2．过去完成时的时间状语常用by 和before 引导的短语表示，如by that time, by the end of…, before , by the time +句子等。

五、过去完成时与现在完成时的用法区别

1．两种时态都常与一段时间和状语连用，但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作（句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语），而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的劝作（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语）。

2．比较下面的说法

She had been ill for a week before she came back.

她在回来之前就生病一个星期了。（回来发生在过去某一时间，发病发生在过去的过去）

She has been ill for a week.

她生病一个星期了。（现在仍在生病）

篇16：高中英语动词的时态和语态训练题 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

高中英语动词的时态和语态专题训练题

【网络构建】

动词时态与语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基本框架。因此时态与语态也是高考中出现频率最高的语法项目。英语有十六种时态，但常考的主要有一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时及完成进行时等。语态一般不单独设题，通常结合时态进行综合考查。

（一）时态概念

时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生的时间的各种形式。英语中有十六种动词时态形式，但常见的有九种，见下表：

时态名称表示

时间表达的意义例句

一

般

现在

时

现

在习惯于或经常性动作 Class begins at eight every morning .

状况 He looks very pale .

瞬间动作 There comes the school bus .

过

去描述过去的事实，以求描述的生动性 The river rises higher and higher , breaks the banks and fills all low places .

将

来固定不变或不易变的动作或状态 Tomorrow is Sunday .

（在时间或条件从句中）表示将来的动作或状态 When he arrives ,we’ll go out to meet him .

It will be 3 hours before I come back .

不受时间限制的动作或状态 The sun rises in the east .

Practice makes perfect.

一

般

过

去

时

过

去某时（或某段时间内）的动作 He traveled in France last year.

状态 He was in Shenzheng some years ago .

习惯动作 When I was at college , I wrote home once a month.

先后一连串动作 He went to town ,bought some books and visited his daughter.

现在或将来非真实的动作或状态，属虚拟语气范畴 It’s time we had supper.

If he arrived tomorrow , I should meet him at the airport.

一

般

将

来

时

将

来某个时刻（或某段时间内）将要发生的动作，更多地用于带有条件从句的主句中 He will come next week . I’ll ask her as soon as she comes.

状态 Your dress will be ready soon.

现

在预测现在某事可能要发生了 It’s ten o’clock . Mary will be in bed by now.

现在的习惯 A lion will never attack an elephant .

现在的需要 Shall I help you ?

对将来的事情现在作出决定 ---Which shirt do you want ?

---I’ll take the red one, please.

现

在

进

行

时

现

在某时（或某段时间内）正在进行的动作 He is writing a letter now. She is visiting Shanghai this week .

婉转口气 I’m hoping to hear from you soon.

带有感情色彩的叙述 The boy is always talking in class.

将

来按计划一般不易变更的动作 The train is leaving at 11:00 p.m..

（在时间或条件从句中）表示将来的动作 When you are cycling along the street , don’t’ forget the traffic light.

过去进行时

过

去某时（或时间段内）进行的动作 I was doing my homework this time last night.

故事发生的背景 The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.

带有感情色彩的叙述 He was making trouble all the time .

过去说话前不久的动作 I was telling him his mother was ill .

婉转口气 I was hoping you could help me.

过去将来时

过去间接引用某人过去的话和想法 He warned us that the journey would be dangerous .

习惯性动作 At dusk , these old ladies would sit in rocking chairs and talk.

现

在非真实的动作或状态 If I were you , I would study French .

客气的请求 Would you mind helping me ?

愿望 I would like a cup of tea.

现

在

完

成

时

完

成

用

法现在时间前完成的动作留下的结果或影响 He has turned off the light .

I have been to Japan .

现在时间前已做的动作 He is reading the book that he has bought recently .

（在时间或条件从句中）表示在将来某个时间前先要做完的动作 I’ll return the book to you as soon as I have finished it .

未完成用法

直到现在为止尚未完成的动作 He has lived in Wuhan since last summer.

过

去

完

成

时完成用法过去某一时刻或某一事件前完成的动作或状态 By the end of last term we had learned 3000 English words.

未完成用法过去某一时刻或某一事件前已发生但未完成的动作 By December last year , he had worked in Beijing for five years .

其他用法

表示非真实的,想象的过去动作或状态 I wish I had told him about it . If she had worked harder , she would have succeeded.

They had meant to see me off at the airport , but they got there too late.

（二）时态的运用

1．现在时等表示将来时

【重点提示】用现在时表示将来时往往出现在以下状语从句中：if , unless , even if 等引导的条件状语从句；when , before ; after ; once ; until ; till ; as soon as ; (the moment ;immediately )等引导的时间状语从句；no matter what/ who/ which/ when/ where/ how 或whatever/ whoever/ whenever/ wherever/ however/ whichever引导的让步状语从句。

在上述从句中如果主句是将来时（往往出现will , shall , can , must 等情态动词或祈使句），从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如：

I’ll not go to his birthday party unless I’m invited.

Tell him the news as soon as he comes back .

有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中带有时间状语），但限于少数动词如begin , come , leave, go arrive , start , stop , return , open , close等。如：

The meeting begins at seven .

The train starts at nine in the morning .

当主句是过去将来时，用一般过去时表示过去将来时。如：

He said he would go for a holiday when he finished his work.

上述从句中还用现在完成时表示将来完成时，此时强调从句动作在主句之前发生。如：

You can’t go out until you have finished your homework .(先完成作业再出去玩。)

2．过去时在语境中的运用

【重点提示】在没有明确时间状语的情况下，考生对过去时的判定往往会失误，原因是只凭汉语直译而不看语境。语境中的过去时往往表示“刚才、刚刚”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。如：

I never thought he would do that .

3.现在完成时与一般过去时

【重点提示】考生很容易将现在完成时误用为一般过去时，原因是没有深刻领会“现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响”这句话的含义。一般过去时仅仅说明动作在过去，不强调对现在的影响。如：

---Where have you put the recorder? I can’t find it anywhere!

---I put it right here , but now it’s gone .

问句用现在完成时，表明说话者在找录音机，希望对方告诉他录音机在哪里。而答语用过去时，因为“录音机已经不见了”。“刚才”把录音机放这儿与“现在不见了”没有直接关系。

4．某些固定的句式中的时态

【重点提示】在某些固定的句式中，其时态是固定的、约定俗成的。

1） This / It is / will be the first / second ---time +that 从句一般用现在完成时，若主句be动词用was ,则that 从句用过去完成时。如：

This is the first time I have come here.

It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.

2） It is / has been + 一段时间+since 从句。Since 从句中一般用过去时，如果将前边的is 改成was ，则since 从句中用过去完成时。如：

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time .

3) be about to do ---when ---意为“即将------（这时）突然------”。如：

I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.

4) be (was / were ) doing--- when ---意为“正在干------（这时）突然------”。如：

They were playing football when Jack shouted in pain .

5) Hardly had ---done ---when--- ; No sooner had --- done ---than---

when 和than 从句里也用过去时，表示“刚刚------就------”。如：

Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down .

No sooner had the villagers left the burning building than it fell down into pieces .

6) It + be +一段时间+before 从句

该句式分两种情况：若主句用将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来时，意为多长时间以后即将发生某事；若主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为多长时间后发生了某事。如：

It wont’ be long before he succeeds.(=He will soon succeed.)

It was ten years before they met again .(=They met again ten years later.)

5.现在完成进行时

【重点提示】现在完成进行时主要表示动作开始于过去某时，一直持续到现在，当然中间动作有时并非无停顿。事实上现在完成进行时除了表示动作“已完成”的概念外，也可以表示动作“未完成”概念，一般可换用，但口语中更倾向于用现在完成进行时。如：

He has taught English for 10 years.

也可说成: He has been teaching English for 10 years .

下列最好用现在完成进行时，因为带有一定的感情色彩。如：

Where have you been ? I’ve been telephoning you the whole morning !

He’s been talking to me since this morning .

6.非延续性（终止性）动词怎样表示一段时间

【重点提示】非延续性动词有mary , die , close , arrive , post , come , fall , leave, go , break , give , join , jump , receive, buy , borrow , become , start , begin , graduate等。这些非延续性动词如果用于现在完成时，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语for ---, since ---连用。如：

可以说：I have bought an Audi car.

不可以说：I have bought an Audi car for a year.

如果要表示一段时间，句中不能用终止性动词，一定要用相应的延续性动词。如：

I have had an Audi car for a year.

也可以用以下方式：

I bought an Audi car a year ago .

It’s / has been a year since I bought an Audi car.

二、语态

当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由be动词+动词过去分词构成，时态通过be 的变化形式来体现。如：

The bridge is being built now .

He was asked a lot of questions at the meeting .

动词say , believe , report , announce , suppose ,know ,consider ,hope 等以it 作主语时用被动语态，后面接that 从句。如：

It is said that our football team has won the game .

【重点提示】英语中有时用主动形式表示被动含义，主要有以下三种情况：谓语动词、非谓语动词和介词短语。

(一) 用谓语动词的形式表示被动含义

1．表示状态特征的连系动词look , sound , feel ,smell , taste , prove, appear+形容词/ 名词构成的系表结构。

The steel feels cold.

His plan proved (to be )practical .

2.表示“开始”、“结束”、“运动”的动词，如begin , finish , start , open , close , stop , end , shut , run, move.

Work began at 7 o’clock this morning .

The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day .

3.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read, write ,act , sell , wash , clean ,open , cook,lock ,shut ,dry ,eat , drink.这类动词一般不单独使用，常加上一个修饰语。如：

This coat dries easily .

The pen writes smoothly.

4.少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义。如：print , build , cook , fry , hang ,make .

The books are printing .

（二）用非谓语动词的主动形式表示被动含义

1. want , need , require 作“需要”讲时，后用动名词的主动形式表被动含义，这时动名词同句子的主语之间在逻辑上有动宾关系。如：

The house needs / wants / requires repairing .

2. 形容词worth 后用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义

This problem is well worth considering .

The close game is worth watching .

3. 不定式在某些形容词（difficult ,easy ,hard ,comfortable , pleasant , fit ,unfit , light , heavy ,good , safe ,dangerous ）后作状语且和句子的主语（或宾语）构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动含义，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for sb. 如：

The question is difficult (for me )to understand .

She is easy (for people )to get along with .

4. 不定式作名词的后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句的主语后宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动式表被动含义。如：

I have a lot of work to do this evening .

5. 在there be 句型中修饰主语的动词不定式用主动形式和被动形式皆可。在口语中多用主动形式。如：

There are many things to do / be done .

6. 不定式to let , to blame 等表示被动意义。如：

The car is to let. (汽车出租。)

（三）介词in , on , under 等+n. 构成的介词短语表示被动意义

The house facing the lake is in the possession of John.

=The house facing the lake is possessed by John.

The question is under discussion .=The question is being discussed .

【命题趋势】

历年来高考中时态题一般要求考生能够根据上下文捕捉和体会动作发生的时间信息，充分注意题干中语境，准确判断时态，弄清句子主语和谓语之间的主动关系和被动关系；熟练掌握英语动词的各种时态，并侧重区别一般过去时与现在完成时、一般过去时与过去完成时的用法。一般来说考进行时和完成时的频率更高一点。语态一般很少单独设题，往往穿插在时态中进行综合考查，要求考生掌握各种时态的被动形式尤其是现在进行时的被动语态和过去完成时的被动语态。

【点击真题】

【例1】---Sorry to have interrupted you . Please go on .

---Where was I ?

--- You ____ you didn’t like your father’s job. (2004北京春)

A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying

【答案】 C。

【点拨】本题考查过去进行时与过去时及过去完成时的区别。

【解析】本题是一组对话。第二句意为“我刚才讲到哪里了？”对方回答说“你刚才正讲到你不喜欢你父亲的工作那个地方。”应该指刚才正讲到------，所以用过去进行时，选C。

【例2】 How can you possibly miss the news ?It ____ on TV all day long .

has been B. had been C. was D. will be (2004北京春)

【答案】A.

【点拨】本题考查时态用法。

【解析】从句意来看，“你怎么可能会没听到这个消息呢？电视上整天在播放该消息。” 而且句中all day long 表示该动作或状态一直在进行，因此应该用完成时态。

【例3】All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor , her nervousness ___.

A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown (NMET2003)

【答案】C.

【点拨】本题考查时态用法。

【解析】先排除A、B两项，因为从从句看，说的是过去的事，与现在无关；再排除D项，因为“她”不可能在等候医学报告之前就增加了紧张感了。故应选C表明“等候”与“增长”两个动作都在过去同时发生。

【例4】At this time tomorrow ____ over the Atlantic .

A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly (2003北京)

【答案】B。

【点拨】本题考查将来进行时shall (will )be +现在分词的用法。

【解析】shall (will )be +现在分词的用法可表示“纯粹的将来”，说话者仅陈述一个事实。或表示某种可能的推测，有“我料想，我估计”的含义。本题中的时间状语at this time tomorrow很明显是个将来进行时，故选B。

【例5】---____ David and Vicky ____ married ?

---For about three years.

A. How long were; being B. How long have ; got

C. How long have ; been D. How long did ; get （2003北京）

【答案】C.

【点拨】本题考查1.延续性动词的用法.2.动词短语be married ,get married 的区别.

【解析】根据回答 “For about three years .”可知应提问两人结婚(到现在)已多久了,须用现在完成时,排除A、D两项；再排除B项，get married 当作非延续性动词使用，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，不能用How long 来提问。Be married 表示延续的状态，是延续性动词。

【例6】 The news came as no surprise to me .I ____ for some time that the factory was going to shut down . （2003北京）

A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know

【答案】A.

【点拨】本题考查动词时态的用法知识。

【解析】本题的第一句是关键“对于那消息我不感到惊讶”，原因就是在这之前已经知道了内容。第一句用了一般过去时，在一过去动作之前的事情，应选过去完成时。

【例7】 I ____ ping-pang quite well , but I haven’t had time to play since the new year .

A. will play B. have played C. played D. play (NMET2001)

【答案】D。

【点拨】该题考查动词时态。

【解析】But 后的并列分句用在现在完成时的否定表示到现在为止未完成的动作，由此可推断出一个并列分句表示的是经常性的或习惯性的动作，须用一般现在时，故答案为D。

【例8】 I arrived late ; I ____ the road to be so icy. (2004北京春)

A. wouldn’t expect B. haven’t expected

C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting

【答案】C。

【点拨】本题考查的是时态用法。

【解析】本题由两个分句组成。前一个分句用一般过去时。后一个分句中的动词expect 实际上是发生在前一个分句中动词arrived之前，指在此之前没有料到路面会那么的滑。因此应该用过去完成时。故答案选C。

【例9】Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ___ so rapidly . (NMET2001)

A. is changing B. had changed C. will have changed D. will change

【答案】A.

【点拨】本题考查动词的时态用法。

【解析】题干为一个含有原因状语动句的主从复合句，主句陈述的情况是一客观事实，原因状语从句强调一直正在进行的动作，故答案为A。又如：

Don’t turn off the light because I am reading a report now.

【例10】Come and see me whenever _____.

A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient

B. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you (2003北京)

【答案】C。

【点拨】本题考查1.whenever “任何时间”引导的时间状语从句2.convenient 一词的用法.

【解析】 1.先排除B、D两项，因为状语从句中一般将来时需用一般现在时代替。2.convenient “方便的,合适的”,be convenient to sb.(对某人来说)如果方便的话.排除A 项.

【拓展演练】

【基础过关题】

1.---You’re drinking too much .

--- Only at home .No one ___ me but you .

A. is seeing B. had seen C. saw D. sees

2.---Look at the terrible situation I am in ! If only I ____ your advice .

--- Don’t worry . Try again .

A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed

3.The telephone ____ three times in the last hour , and each time it ____ for my father.

A. had rung ; was B. has rung ; was C. rang ; has been D. has been ringing ; is

4.---John took a photograph of you just now.

--- Really ? What a pity ! I ____ .

A. didn’t look B. wasn’t looking C. hadn’t looked D. haven’t looked

5. After the class , the students went out of the classroom one by one , but only Mary___.

A. left B. had left C. was leaving D. was left

6. The 2000 Olympic Games ____ in Sydney , a city of Australia.

A. were taken place B. was held C. were held D. had been held

7.The teacher told his students that they ____ to be useful men to the country .

A. were all expected B. were all expecting C. all were expected D. all expected

8.--- You’ve agreed to go , but why aren’t you getting ready ?

--- But I ____ that you ___ me to start at once .

A. don’t realize ; want B. don’t realize ; wanted

C. didn’t realize ; wanted D. haven’t realized ; want

9.Will these flowers be watered _____?

A. every few days B. after hours C. within a few hours D. the other day

10.Nobody knew when the fire ____ , but they knew it ____ the next morning .

A. broke out , was put out B. was broken out ; was put out

C. broke out ; put out D. was broken out ; went out

11.I have no idea what ____ while I was asleep .

A. has happened B. was happened C. happened D. had happened

12.---Look !Somebody has broken a glass.

--- Well , it ____ me . I ___ that .

A. wasn’t ; didn’t do B. isn’t ; haven’t done C. wasn’t ; hadn’t done D. isn’t ; didn’t do

13.The thief ____ when he was stealing a wallet from a woman .

A. happened to notice B. was taken place to notice

C. was happened to be noticed D. happened to be noticed

14.---Do you know anyone in Paris ?

--- No , I’ll make friends once ____.

A. I’m settled B. I have settled C. I’ll be settled D. I’m settling

15.---Come on , Shella . I want to show you something .

--- Oh, how nice of you . I ____ you ____ to bring me a gift.

A. didn’t think ; were going B. never think ; are going

C. never thought ; were going D. hadn’t thought ; were going

16.It will be a long time ___ Frank ____ back from abroad .

A. before ; comes B .since ; has come C. when ; has come D. after ; came

17.---I’ve heard Bob ____ from his journey to Africa .

--- What about visiting him tonight ?

A. had come back B. coming back C. come back D. is back

18.Unfortunately when I arrived she ____ , so we only had time for a few words .

A. just left B. has just left C. was just leaving D. had just left

19.---How do you usually go to work ?

--- If it is fine , I ___ on foot .

A. will go B. go C. have gone D. won’t go

20.He ___ and was made to repeat it .

A. didn’t understand B. didn’t be understood C. wasn’t understand D. wasn’t understood

21.The pupils here ____ all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks.

A. kept busy doing B. keep on doing

C. have kept busy doing D. have been kept busy doing

22.---What were you doing when Tom came to see you ?

--- I____ on my coat and ____ .

a) have just put ; leaving B. was put ; was left

C. had just put ; was leaving D. was putting ; left

23.---You haven’t said a word about my new coat , Brenda . Do you like it ?

--- I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner . I certainly think it is pretty on you.

A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say

24.---I am sorry ,but I shouldn’t have been so rude to you .

--- You ____ your temper but that’s OK.

A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing

25.---Is Tom still smoking ?

--- No, by next Saturday he ___ for a while month without smoking a single cigarette.

A. will go B. has gone C. will have gone D. has been going

26.---What were you up to when your mother came in ?

--- I ___ for a while and ____ some reading .

A. was playing ; was going to B. played ; did

C. had played ; was going to D. had played ; did

27.---____ you ___ the editor at the airport ?

--- No , he ___ away before my arrival .

A. Have ; met ; has driven B. Had ; met ; was driven

C. Did ; meet ; had been driven D. Have ; met ; had driven

28.---What’s the matter ?

--- The shoes don’t fit properly .They ___ my feet.

A. are hurting B. will hurt C. have hurt D. are hurt

29.--- ___ Betty this morning ?

--- Not yet , but she is sure to be here before noon .

A. Have you seen B. Will you see C. Do you see D. Did you see

30.---Alice came back home the day before yesterday .

---Really ? Where _____?

A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone

【能力提高题】

1.I can guess you were in a hurry .You ____ your sweater inside out .

A. had wear B. were C. were wearing D. are wearing

2.I really don’t’ think Rosemary will be upset , but I will go and see her in case she ___ .

A. is B. does C. will be D. has been

3.My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand .

A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being run out

4.Until then , I ___ for him for five hours in his office.

A. waited B. was waiting C. have been waiting D. had been waiting

5.The foreign friends you referred to ____ looking forward to ____ around our university .

A. are ; being shown B. being ; being shown C. being ; showing D. are ; be shown

6.The door ____ . Better send for a workman to repair it .

A. isn’t open B. isn’t be opened C. hasn’t been opened D. won’t open

7. I don’t mind ____ alone , but I want a good book ____ .

A. leaving ;reading B. being left ; to read C. to be left ; to be read D. being left ; to be read

8.The shop assistant promised me that the material ____, and what she said ___ to be true .

A. would be dried easily ; was proved B. will be dried easily ; was proved

C. dried easily ; proved D. dried easy ; proved

9.---Sorry , I ___ to post the letter for you .

--- Never mind . ____ it myself after school.

A. forget ; I’d rather post B. forgot ; I’m going to post

C. forgot ; I’ll post D. forget ; I’d better post

10.---What happened to the postman ?

--- I don’t know . He ____ around here for a long time .

A. hasn’t seen B. didn’t see C. wasn’t seen D. hasn’t been seen

11.---Did you write to Mary last month ?

--- No , but I’ll ___ her over Christmas Day .

A. be seen B. be seeing C. have seen D. have been seeing

12.They said good-bye , little knowing that they ____ again.

A. were never met B. will never meet C. never met D. were never to meet

13.---Don’t you know I make the decision here ?

--- ____, not until you ____ me .

A. Yes , have told B. No , have told C. Yes , tell D. No , are telling

14.It won’t be long before such a thing ____ again .

A. will happen B. happens C. is happened D. happened

15.The boy whom you lent the bike to ___ by a car.

A. hit B. be hit C. having been hit D. was hit

16.By the time the speaker entered the hall , all the listeners ____ .

A. had seated B. were seated C. seated D. were seating

17.We can not use the bridge now , because it ___ .

A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired

18.The room ___ cool in summer and warm in winter.

A. is being felt B. is felt C. feels D. has been felt

19.In warm weather fruit and meat ____ long .

A. don’t keep B. can not be kept C. are not kept D. are not keeping

20.It’s the third time you ___ late for school this week .

A. have been B. had been C. are D. were

21. Once you ___ used to the weather here , you ____ this place.

A. had got ; probably liked B. will get ; probably like

C. get ; probably liked D. get ; will probably like

22.They ____ for long when a message came .

A. had drunk B. drunk C. had not drunk D. were drinking

23.Perhaps ____ several years ____ back from abroad .

A. Tom is ; that he comes B. it is ; before Tom will come

C. he will be ; when Tom comes D. it will be ; before Tom comes

24.---Well , here I am at last .

--- Good ! I ___ worried ___ you couldn’t be back on time .

A. got ; about that B. was ; that C. am ; whether D. am ; why

25.--- Have you posted my letter?

--- Sorry , I ___ all about it .

A. had forgotten B. will forget C. forgot D. forget

26.---Jim has been in hospital .

---Oh, really ? I ___ . ____ visit her .

A. didn’t know ; I’ll go and B. don’t know ; I have intended to

C. don’t know ; I intended to D. haven’t known ; I was going to

27.It was twelve o’clock ___ they finished the work .

A . since B. at which C. that D. when

28.---Where ___ the map ?

--- I ___ it right here .

A. did you put ; have put B. have you put ; put

C. had you put ; was putting D. were you putting ; have put

29.---Where do you think ___ he ___ the computer ?

--- Sorry . I have no idea.

A. has ; brought B. / ; bought C. did ; buy D. had ; bought

30.---Are you a visitor here ?

--- That’s right . I ___ round the world and now my dream of coming to China ___ true .

A. have traveled ; has come B. was traveling; had been come

C. am traveling ; has come D. have traveled ; has been come

【高考冲刺题】

1. I didn’t like Aunt Lucy , who _____ without warning and bringing us presents .

A. always turns up B. has always turned up C. was turned up D. was always turning up

2.--- Did he notice you enter the room ?

--- I don’t think so . He ______ to the radio with his eyes shut .

A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened

3. --- Would you like to visit the temple ?

---- If I _______ a week off.

A. will have B. had C. have had D. would have

4.---Look !How long _________ like this ?

--- Three weeks ! It’s usual here that rain ________ without stopping these days at sea.

A .has it rained ; pours B. has it been raining ; pours

C. is it raining ; is pouring D. does it rain ; pours

5. I ____ to help you but I was not able to spare any time .I ____ a paper last night and I’ll finish it tonight .

A. wanted ;have been writing B. have wanted ; wrote

C. had wanted ; wrote D. had wanted ; was writing

6. The price ______ , but I doubt whether it will remain so .

A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down

7.In this experiment , they are woken up several times during the night , and asked to report what they _________ .

A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt

8. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _____ the cloth _____ well .

A. have told ; washes B. have been told ; washes C. was told ; washed D. have been told ; is washed

9. The car ran down the hill , and the driver __, according to the newspaper , to have been killed.

A. said B. was saying C. was said D. had been said

10.---Was that the first time _____ you ___ England’s coast .

--- Yes . It was .

A. ./ ; left B. when ; have left C. when ; had left D. / had left

11. I should have written to you earlier , but _____ rather busy recently .

A. I’ve been B. I’d been C. I’m being D. I were

12. He will phone ____ he ______ his work .

A. for the moment ; sets about B. the moment ; sets about

C. the moment ; will set about D. for the moment ; will set about

13.---Kate returned home yesterday .

--- Really ? Where ____?

A. has she been B. had she gone C. has she gone D. had she been

14.In such dry weather , the flowers will have to be watered if they ______.

A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive

15. The TV sets made by our factory sell best , but 10 years ago no one could have guessed the place in the markets that they _______ .

A. were having B. were to have C. had had D. had

16.---Can you give me the right answer ?

--- Sorry , I ______ . Would you repeat that question ?

A. hadn’t listened B. haven’t listened C. don’t listen D. wasn’t listening

17.I _____ violin lessons every two weeks , but I think I’ll make it every week from next month.

A. am having B. have had C. have D. have been having

18.---What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening ?

--- I ______ my homework and was starting to take a bath.

A. had just finished B. was finishing C. have already finished D. was going to finish

19.--- Your baby is too thin .

--- It could gain weight , but it _____ much .

A. doesn’t eat B. didn’t eat C. hadn’t been D. couldn’t eat

20.Please call again . Jim ______ a bath just now .

A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has

21. ---Why did you come by taxi?

--- My bike broke down last night and I ____ it repaired .

A. didn’t have B. don’t have C. won’t have D. haven’t had

22. I don’t really work here . I _____until the new secretary arrives .

A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out

23.You _____ television . Why not do something more active?

A.always watch B. are always watching C. have always watched D. have always been watching

24.--- Can you drive on the free way , Mr. Green ?

--- You can when you ____ a bit more skilled .

A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get

25. I _____ at the station half an hour ago , but the train ___ yet.

A. arrived ; hadn’t come B. was arriving ; hadn’t come

C. arrived ; hasn’t come D. had arrived ; didn’t come

26.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge ? It will ___ fresh for several days .

A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

27. The little girl _____ her heart out because she _____ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it .

A . had cried ; lost B. cried ; had lost

C. has cried ; has lost D. cries ; has lost

28. I feel it is your husband who ____ for the spoiled child .

A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame

29.Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes .

A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose

30. Rainforests ____ and burned at such a great speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future .

A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been out

动词时态和语态（解析）

【基础过关题】

1．答案：D。

解析：从第一句中可知，本题排除与过去时有关的B、C两项，而see 一般不用进行时，故用一般现在时。

2．答案：c。

解析：if only 在句中引导虚拟语气，在含有if only虚拟句中，不能用情态动词，根据语境这里是与过去事实相反的一种情况，所以要用过去完成时。

3． B。

解析：第一句中有in the past hour ，故用现在完成时；第二句中each time 显然是过去的时间，故选B。

4．答案：B。

解析：先排除D项，然后从语境中可知，不在看（镜头）是指John 给我拍照时的动作，故用过去进行时。

5．答案：D。

解析：此句中Mary 是被留下来，而不是主动离开。

6．答案：C。

解析：A项中take place 无被动语态，B项中主谓不一致，D项时态不对。

7．答案：A。

解析：从本句意思来看,they 应指学生，与expect 之间应是被动关系。Be expected to do意思是：被指望做------。

8．答案：C。

解析：realize 不是现在的动作，而是在你提醒我之前没有意识到，故用C，主从句时态也一致。

9．答案：C。

解析：本句用的是将来时，故排除A、D。B项中after hours 一般用于过去时态，只有C正确。Within 相当于in.

10.答案：a。

解析：break out 无被动语态。put out 与fire 之间应体现被动关系。

11．答案：C。

解析：happen 无被动语态，而A项时态与while I was asleep 不符合。

12．答案：A。

解析：答句中说明 “打破杯子的不是我，我没做那事”，故用一般过去时。

13．答案：D。

解析：happen to do 表示“正好，碰巧”，无被动语态，而the thief 与notice 之间是被动关系，故选D。

14．答案：A。

解析：本题考查状语从句中时态，主句是将来时，故在once 引导的条件状语从句中用现在时表示将来时，而be settled 指生活安顿下来，故选A。

15．答案：C。

解析：原句意思是“我压根儿不曾想到你会给我带礼物来”。“没想到”当然是过去的动作，故排除B项，而D项的时态也不对；A项中didn’t think 表示“我并不认为---”与原句意思不符。第二空用were going to 表示过去将来时，与主句时态一致。

16．答案：A。

解析：It will be / was a long time before ------是个固定结构。

17．答案：D。

解析：主句中用现在完成时，若选A，主从句中时态不一致。若选B、C项表示听到Bob 回来或听到Bob 回来了，D项表示我听说Bob从非洲回来了，heard 后省去了that ，主从句时态一致。

18．答案：C。

解析：从句意来看，我到那儿时，她还没离开，而是正要离开，故选C。

19．答案：B。

解析：一般情况下条件从句中用现在时，主句用一般将来时。但本题中问句里有usually 一词，询问的是通常的情况，故用B。

20．答案D。

解析：从后半句was made to repeat it 可知，因为他没有被听懂，故用被动语态。

21．答案：D。

解析：本题中时间状语every day in the past four weeks 表示从过去某一时间到现在的四周里每天进行的动作，故用现在完成进行时，而主语the pupil 与keep 之间是被动关系，故用be kept busy doing 结构。

22．答案：C。

解析：原句意思是“Tom 来看我时我刚穿好衣服，正准备离开。”故选C。

23．答案：D。

解析：答句中用过去时表示在你征询我的意见前我没有及时说，故用D。

24．答案：C。

解析：从I shouldn’t have been so rude to you 一句可看出，对方是为自己在过去某一时候的无礼举动表示歉意，故发脾气这一动作发生在过去，但不用过去完成时或进行时，C项中用did lose 表示强调。

25．答案：C。

解析：由时间状语by next Saturday 可知，时态应用将来完成时，选C。

26．答案：C。

解析：答句中for a while 暗示要用完成时，此处显然用过去完成时；第二空用过去进行时指妈妈进来时我正在看书。

27．答案：C。

解析：从答句before my arrival 可知，本题问句应用过去时，而第二空显然是指过去的过去发生的动作，故选C。

28．答案：A。

解析：用现在进行时表示现在的情况。我此时感到疼痛。

29．答案：A。

解析：句中yet 一词暗示问句应用现在完成时。

30．答案：B。

解析：Alice 现已回来了，人不在外地，故不用have / has / had gone ;而本句第一分句讲Alice 是前天回来的，故问的该是在前天以前上哪儿了，因此选B，用过去完成时。

【能力提高题】

1．答案：D。

解析：因为现在你身上的毛衣里外穿反了，由此推断当时你很匆忙。

2．答案：A。

解析：in case 引导的是条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用现在时，因为前边有be upset ，故用be 动词is ，后面省略upset。

3．答案：B。

解析：从后句可知，我手头还有一点钱，但很快要用完了，故用B项，进行时表示将来时。

4．答案：D。

解析：until then 表示到过去某一时候为止，故用过去完成时。

5．答案：A。

解析：第一空应填主句的谓语动词，故排除B、C。第二空作介词to 的宾语；foreign friends 与show around 之间是被动关系，故选A。

6．答案：D。

解析：本题考查的是主动语态表示被动语态的用法。动词open 表示主语的属性特征，类似的动词还有close ,read ,write , sell , wash ,dry 等，一般都用主动式表示被动含义。

7．答案：B。

解析：mind 后接动名词，故排除C项。I 与leave 之间应体现被动关系，故在B、D中选。第二空不定式作定语，因为句中有执行read 的主语I ，故用主动式。

8．答案：C。

解析：dry 指主语material 的属性特征，应用主动形式表示被动含义。此时它是不及物动词，故用副词修饰；第二空prove 是连系动词，所以选C。

9．答案：C。

解析：“忘了为你寄信”是过去的动作，故用B、C。而B项中I’m going to post 表示“打算去寄”不符合上句的语境。

10．答案：D。

解析：从时间状语for a long time 可知到说话时为止很长时间邮递员未被见到了。故用现在完成时。

11．答案：B。

解析：将来进行时will / shall be doing sth. 可用于表达预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作，在一般情况下可和一般将来时换用，用将来时则显得更加委婉。

12．答案：D。

解析：was / were to do sth..表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的事。

13．答案：B。

解析：答语的含义是：“No, I don’t know it until you have told me”. Till / until 从句中常用一般时或现在完成时。

14．答案：B。

解析：happen 是不及物动词，无被动语态，又由于before 引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故选B。

15．答案：D。

解析：“男孩被车撞了。”

16．答案：B。

解析：seat 是及物动词，表示“坐下”应用be seated 或seat oneself .

17．答案：D 。

解析：D项表示“正在被修复”。

18．答案：C。

解析：feel 为连系动词，作“摸上去，觉得”解，无被动语态。

19．答案：A。

解析：keep 表示“（水果、食物）保质，保持新鲜”，在此处是不及物动词。

20．答案：A。

解析：It is the first (second / third---)time that 后从句中用完成时态，主句是现在时，故从句用现在完成时。

21．答案：D。

解析：once 引导的是条件状语从句，故用现在时，主句应用将来时，因此选D。

22．答案：C。

解析：原句意思是“他们才喝了一会儿的酒，这时就捎来了口信。”came 是过去时，drink 是到came 动作为止一直进行的动作，故用过去完成时。

23．答案：D。

解析：D项是固定结构。

24．答案：B。

解析：在“Here I am at last”之前“我很担心”。所以用一般过去时。Be worried 后可跟that 从句，注意：在be worried about 后不可跟that 从句。

25．答案：C。

解析：对“寄信一事我忘了”，用一般过去时即可。

26．答案：A。

解析：前一空应用didn’t know 表示以前不知道，后一空为目前的决定，要去看望她，所以用will .

27.答案：D。

解析：本句中的it 是代词，指时间，when 引导的是时间状语，而不是定语从句。若选C，则应在twelve o’clock 前加介词at ,这样构成强调句式。

28．答案：B。

解析：“你把地图放在哪儿啦？”侧重我现在找不到它了，是过去的动作对现在的影响，回答是“我把它就放在这儿的。”但现在我也不知道它在哪儿。就是一个过去的动作，对现在没有影响。

29．答案：B。

解析：此句为复杂特殊疑问句，即疑问词+do you think (believe / suppose / expect / imagine 等)+其他（陈述语序）？

30．答案：C。

解析：说话时动作正在进行，come true 为不及物动词，不能用被动语态。

【高考冲刺题】

1．答案：D。

解析：always 常与进行时连用，表示某种反复的动作，往往表示不满、责备、赞扬等。didn’t like 发生在过去，故选 d。

2．答案：B。

解析：当时他在听收音机。

3．答案：B。

解析：if 引导的虚拟语气的从句。

4．答案：B。

解析：表示从过去直到现在持续不断的动作。

5．答案：D。

解析：had wanted to do 表示过去打算做某事但没有做成，过去进行时表示过去某段时间正在做的事情。

6．答案：C。

解析：价格到说话时已下降，故用现在完成时。

7．答案：C。

解析：dream 是从某时开始一直延续到现在还在进行的动作。

8．答案：B。

解析：本句还是考查主动语态表示被动语态的用法。

9．答案：C。

解析：“据说------”在英语中可用“ It is / was said that sb. / sth. --- ”句型来表示。该句型可变成：sb. / sth. is/ was said to --- 句式。因此本句应填不定式结构，drive 与kill 之间是被动关系，故选C。

10．答案：D。

解析：固定句式。因主句为过去时，所以从句用过去完成时。

11．答案：A。

解析：recently 一词一般用在现在完成时态，故选A。

12．答案：B。

解析：the moment 可作为连词词组引导时间状语从句，并且从句中用现在时表示将来时。

13．答案：D。

解析：Kate 昨天就到家了，所以打听她在此以前去哪儿，用D项。

14．答案：B。

解析：be to do 结构在条件状语从句中表示“如果想，如果要---”，故选B。

15．答案：B。

解析：were to 在此句中表示相对于十年前来说将要发生的事，相当于过去将来时。原句的意思是“十年前没有人可能会料到我们厂的电视机会在市场上占有如今这个地位。”

16．答案：D。

解析：从Would you repeat that question ?一句可知“我刚才不在听”。故选D。

17．答案：D。

解析：每两周上小提琴课是到目前为止一直进行的动作，而且是反复做的习惯动作，该动词还需要延续到本月底，所以应用现在完成进行时。

18．答案：A。

解析：做完作业是在你昨晚打电话时刚完成的动作，故选A。

19．答案：A。

解析：宝宝平时一直吃得不多，所以显得太瘦。

20．答案：C。

解析：从语境来判断，本题中的just now 指此时，现在=right now 或at this moment .故用现在进行时。

21．答案：D。

解析：我自行车还没修好，因而对现在造成的影响是现在还不能用，我只好打的过来。因此本题应用现在完成时，而不用一般过去时。

22．答案：C。

解析：现在进行时指现阶段正在进行的动作。根据题意：“我只是在帮忙，直到新秘书到位为止。”故用C项。

23．答案：B。

解析：always 用于进行时表示一种感情色彩，此处表示“抱怨”。

24．答案：D。

解析：时间状语从句中用现在时表示将来时。

25．答案：C。

解析：到车站是半个小时前的动作，yet 表示到现在火车还没到，故选C。

26．答案：B。

解析：stay 在此处是连系动词。

27．答案：B。

解析：cry 是过去的动作，而lose 是在此以前的动作，故用过去完成时。

28．答案：A。

解析：be to blame 一般表示主语与blame 之间的被动关系，若选D项，应用被动语态should be blamed.

29．答案：B。

解析：条件从句中是现在时，主句应用将来时，job与lose 之间是被动关系，故选B。

30．答案：C。

解析：首先，cut 是及物动词，与主语间应体现被动关系，故排除A。文中 “at such a great speed that they will disappear ---in the near future”,表示目前正以惊人的速度被砍伐，因此应用现在进行时的被动语态。

责任编辑：李芳芳

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