以下是小编精心整理的医学英文综述范文，本文共15篇，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：医学综述参考文献写作方法
医学综述参考文献写作方法
引用的参考文献应该经过挑选
随着医学科学事业的不断发展和进步，医学文献的数量和种类不断增加。作者在选用参考文献的时候需要经过筛选，需要用自己的知识和鉴别能力、，从众多的相关文献中挑选出科学的、有说服力的、有代表性的文献。如国不严格筛选，可能会得出错误的结果，不仅误了自己，也可能会误导读者。
按照循证医学（evidence.basednedicin）的思想，汇总分析（metaInalysis）的证据等级是很高的。即便如此，如果没有严格的综述（review）设计，汇总的是众多设计不严密、结果不可靠的文献，结果很可能事与愿违。因此，作者参考和引用文献时，需选择，不可随意引用。
引用的参考文献应该仔细核对
对拟选用的参考文献要什细核对，以免出差错。不仅在文字和著录格式上要核对，在内容上；也要与原文核对。作者对选用的参考文献，应逐一阅读。以正确理解作者的本意。
笔者曾经处理过一篇综述，文后大约有20余条英文参考文献，经上网核查，其中18条有差错。差错的种类大致如下：①作者姓名引用错误：按照医学期刊一般的要求，应光标国外作者的姓，再标其名字的首字母、如BillClinton，应标为“Clinton B”。有些作者常把国外作者的名和姓颠倒了。②单词拼写错误这种差错多为作者粗心大意，或者因没有与原文核对，而是通过转引所致。③页码有误，或者只标起页未标止页。④增刊没有显示出来。5则书籍未标出版社的地址等。
以上例子说明，作者对引用的参考文献进行认真核对是十分必要的，是对读者负责，也是对自己负责。
引用的参考文献要忠实于原文
因为是引用别人的文献，作者无权更改原作者的本意，只需向读者介。介绍原作者使用的方法、得出的结果和结论等。作者可以对原作者使用的方法、得出的结果和结论等发表看法，但不能肆意更改，不管是故意的，还是无意的。
要想忠实于原文，最好的办法就是用之前仔细阅读原文，正确理解作者的本意，尽量不要转引，以免以讹传讹，损害原作者、读者，还有自己。
应注意参考文献的著录格式
因参考文献的著录格人各刊不尽 相同，投稿前作者应注意杂志稿约的有关规定，至少得先看看有关期刊发表的论文的参考文献是如何标注的，以了解有关期刊的参考文献的著录格式，以免出错。
很遗憾，在实际工作中笔者发现，有不少作者投来的稿件书写格式包括参考文献的著录格式与杂志所要求的不同。坦率地讲，编辑和审稿专家也是人， 工作中多少也有感情因素。如果拿到手中的是一篇书写格式不合要求的文章，别的暂且不论，就书写格式不规范这一条，就足以给编辑留下不好的印象，甚至让编辑做出退稿的决定。就算最后没有被退稿，此类稿件较书写格式规范的稿件被录用的可能性大大降低。
其实作者犯的是一个很低级的错误，让编辑很自然地联想到，该作者不太尊重期刊，还有期刊的编辑以及审稿专家。因此，作者在投稿前一定要注意期刊参考文献的著录方式，以免产生不必要的负面影响。其实，并不复杂，只要，稍稍留意即可。
[医学综述参考文献写作方法]
篇2：医学综述撰写方法论文
医学综述撰写方法论文
一、选题和搜集阅读文献
撰写文献综述通常出于某种需要，如为某学术会议的专题、从事某项科研、为某方面积累文献资料等等，所以，文献综述的选题，作者一般是明确的，不象科研课题选题那么困难。文献综述选题范围广，题目可大可小，大到一个领域、一个学科，小到一种疾病、一个方法、一个理论，可根据自己的需要而定，初次撰写文献综述，特别是实习同学所选题目宜小些，这样查阅文献的数量相对较小，撰写时易于归纳整理，否则，题目选得过大，查阅文献花费的时间太多，影响实习，而且归纳整理困难，最后写出的综述大题小作或是文不对题。
选定题目后，则要围绕题目进行搜集与文题有关的文献。关于搜集文献的有关方法，前面的有关章节已经介绍，如看专著、年鉴法、浏览法、滚雪球法、检索法等等，在此不再重复。搜集文献要求越全越好，因而最常用的方法是用检索法。搜集好与文题有关的参考文献后，就要对这些参考文献进行阅读、归纳、整理，如何从这些文献中选出具有代表性、科学性和可靠性大的单篇研究文献十分重要，从某种意义上讲，所阅读和选择的文献的质量高低，直接影响文献综述的水平。因此在阅读文献时，要写好“读书笔记”、“读书心得”和做好“文献摘录卡片”。有自己的语言写下阅读时得到的启示、体会和想法，将文献的精髓摘录下来，不仅为撰写综述时提供有用的资料，而且对于训练自己的表达能力，阅读水平都有好处，特别是将文献整理成文献摘录卡片，对撰写综述极为有利。
二、格式与写法
文献综述的格式与一般研究性论文的格式有所不同。这是因为研究性的论文注重研究的方法和结果，特别是阳性结果，而文献综述要求向读者介绍与主题有关的详细资料、动态、进展、展望以及对以上方面的评述。因此文献综述的格式相对多样，但总的来说，一般都包含以下四部分：即前言、主题、总结和参考文献。撰写文献综述时可按这四部分拟写提纲，在根据提纲进行撰写工。
前言部分，主要是说明写作的目的，介绍有关的概念及定义以及综述的范围，扼要说明有关主题的现状或争论焦点，使读者对全文要叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓。
主题部分，是综述的主体，其写法多样，没有固定的格式。可按年代顺序综述，也可按不同的问题进行综述，还可按不同的观点进行比较综述，不管用那一种格式综述，都要将所搜集到的文献资料归纳、整理及分析比较，阐明有关主题的历史背景、现状和发展方向，以及对这些问题的评述，主题部分应特别注意代表性强、具有科学性和创造性的文献引用和评述。
总结部分，与研究性论文的小结有些类似，将全文主题进行扼要总结，对所综述的主题有研究的作者，最好能提出自己的见解。
参考文献虽然放在文末，但却是文献综述的重要组成部分。因为它不仅表示对被引用文献作者的尊重及引用文献的'依据，而且为读者深入探讨有关问题提供了文献查找线索。因此，应认真对待。参考文献的编排应条目清楚，查找方便，内容准确无误。关于参考文献的使用方法，录著项目及格式与研究论文相同，不再重复。
三、注意事项
由于文献综述的特点，致使它的写作既不同于“读书笔记”“读书报告”，也不同于一般的科研论文。因此，在撰写文献综述时应注意以下几个问题：
⒈搜集文献应尽量全。掌握全面、大量的文献资料是写好综述的前提，否则，随便搜集一点资料就动手撰写是不可能写出好多综述的，甚至写出的文章根本不成为综述。
⒉注意引用文献的代表性、可靠性和科学性。在搜集到的文献中可能出现观点雷同，有的文献在可靠性及科学性方面存在着差异，因此在引用文献时应注意选用代表性、可靠性和科学性较好的文献。
⒊引用文献要忠实文献内容。由于文献综述有作者自己的评论分析，因此在撰写时应分清作者的观点和文献的内容，不能篡改文献的内容。
⒋参考文献不能省略。有的科研论文可以将参考文献省略，但文献综述绝对不能省略，而且应是文中引用过的，能反映主题全貌的并且是作者直接阅读过的文献资料。
总之，一篇好的文献综述，应有较完整的文献资料，有评论分析，并能准确地反映主题内容
。
篇3：医学英文个人简历
英文简历是使用英文写的简历。英文简历(resume)并无固定不变的单一形式，应聘者完全可以根据个人的具体情况来确定采用何种形式，灵活设计。
Basic information
Name:
Gender: Female
Age: 25 Nationality: Han
Date of Birth: Height: 160
Weight: Nationality: Chinese
Exit and Entry: the current location of Shaanxi: Shaanxi
Marital status: single highest level of education: college
Graduate institutions: Yan'an University graduation date: July 20xx
Major categories are: the name of clinical medicine: clinical
The second professional categories: clinical medicine name: Maternal and Child Health
The current title: Junior
ID card or other document number:
Education / training experience
From September 20xx to May 20xx Yan'an University of Medicine
From June 20xx to June 20xx the second hospital internship Weinan in Shaanxi Province
In July 20xx in Shaanxi Province has 145 hospitals Xingping (dimethylamino) obstetrics work
Talent type: general job-related work experience: 2 years
Foreign Languages: English language: good
Other foreign languages: No other foreign language proficiency: None
Putonghua: the capacity of standard computer: good
Personal details of work experience
From June 20xx to June 20xx the second hospital internship Weinan in Shaanxi Province
July 20xx Xingping Shaanxi has 145 inpatient hospitals healers
Ability and expertise
Proficiency in diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases, the operation of family planning, birth attendants, in a higher level under the guidance of physicians, such as cesarean section
Job intentions
Job type: Full-time monthly salary requirements: Negotiable
Job functions of candidates: candidates positions Maternal and Child Health Title: Medical Assistant, clinicians
Hope that the Working Location: Shaanxi
Other duty stations: Xinjiang, Guangdong, Fujian
Detailed personal autobiography
Because from the Northwest - I can do hard work from the tradition of hard work on the action;
Because the young - I have a versatile and great potential for dedication and perseverance;
Because of low academic qualifications - I have a positive attitude seeks to catch up with the confidence of others!
Three years of my life cultivating a high sense of responsibility and a strong concept of time, I believe “I am not one of the best, but I would like to do most of the efforts of ordinary people a.”
Because efforts to do everything I can to serve as a unit services for patients, because I will constantly strive to improve themselves!
Other Requirements
“Devices will test and then know利钝, Ma will know good and then riding a dull”! Please give me a chance, a self-development space, no matter how hard the work, as long as the unit needs, and colleagues I will forge ahead and work together for a better tomorrow heart strength.
Hope that your trust, to accept! Must take concrete actions to prove “I can do it!”
篇4：医学英文推荐信
Dear Sir or Madam:
As Dean of medical school of University and one who has had the chance to know Mr. Shaodong well, I am happily writing this letter to further support his application for acceptance to the medical elective program at your university.
I came to know this resourceful and energetic young man in when he, leading his team, was preparing for the Clinical Skills Contest in our university. I became his advisor and instructed him in physical examination. During that time, he excelled himself as a learner and leader. Although he hadn’t learned Diagnostics by that time, he managed to master the procedure of physical examination proficiently via his intelligence, determination and diligence. He is a man who is never confined to purely academic studies. Rather, he holds the belief that an extraordinary doctor must have outstanding clinical skills and this became the very reason why he seized the opportunity to improve himself in the contest. In addition, Mr. is always the leader in the heat of action. He is able to call on his colleagues to do what is needed to achieve the goal of the whole team using his com#prehensive understanding of the situation and his power to influence people. In his preparation for the contest, he formulated a detailed plan for the team, introduced efficient strategy and arranged for intensive practice. Subsequently, his team worked in harmony and got really good results.
Mr. also participated in the Scientific Research Design Contest for Undergraduate Students under my direct supervision. He revealed himself as a meticulous and passionate person in designing his subject on diabetic nephropathy. Despite his insufficient lab experience and statistical knowledge that time, he still referred to the library and the internet to boost his capacity in that area, which turned out to be quite a success, because he finally put forward a feasible and highly-valued hypothesis concerning the potential mechanisms of miRNA-146 in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
Eight months later, in his sixth year of the eight-year-program medical training, Mr. will be interned in our affiliated hospital. I highly recom#mend him for the elective program of HKU. I believe he will be an outstanding student and will positively contribute to this program if accepted. Whenever you want to know more about him, please do not hesitate to contact me.
篇5：医学英文求职信
Respect of leadership:
Hello!
Thank you for reading my letter of self recommendation in your busy schedule!
My name is XXX， is XX University School of nursing professional graduates in .
I am an ordinary girl， but unwilling to mediocrity， I am optimistic， confident， self-motivated， hobbies， can well deal with interpersonal relationships， coordination and communication with the expertise， and has the sense of responsibility and a strong sense of mission， now， I will soon graduate， facing new challenges and choices， I am confident.
From the start， I will pay particular attention to carefully study the courses at the same time， efforts to develop the quality and capacity， make full use of spare time， broaden the horizons of knowledge， perfect knowledge structure. In an increasingly competitive today， I firmly believe that only the multi-level， all-round development， and master of professional knowledge， to meet the needs of social development and the needs of employers， can remain invincible. Through the efforts of the study I won the scholarship， in learning at the same time， I actively participated in the activities organized by institutions， and won the three prize in the “Mo negative youth” the speech contest. In the three years of the study life， I determined to forge ahead， helpful style and performance to win the trust and praise from the leaders， teachers and students. And during the internship was highly praised by patients and their families in the Sino Japanese Friendship hospital. See the hard work and sweat pay for rehabilitation of patients with smile， this is to me the best reward.
Despite the many applicants， I may not be the best. But I am still very confident. “Sincere pending the main， to be held by the wise ruler”. I do not beg for trust， prefer action to seek trust. Your hospital is willing to give me an opportunity to try to work， their own potential of the space， I will of due diligence， as much as I can， your hospital satisfaction， satisfaction of patients.
Yours sincerely
Salute
Recommendation: XXX
XX years XX months
篇6：英文医学求职信
Dear Leadership:
Hello!
When you open this page， you have opened the gate leading to success for me. Thank you very much for giving me a chance when I am going to start a new lifetime journey. If I could be under your direction and with your advice， I would make a grateful acknowledgement for you.
Five years of university study in clinical theory， I seriously have completed the compulsory elective minor in public， clinical and anesthesia of course， so that I develop a serious learning attitude， rigorous way of thinking， one-year clinical internship work experience is more improved my ability to analyze problems to solve the problem. Especially in the process of teaching hospital internship gave me a lot of opportunities for hands-on experience， so I clinical and anesthesia departments of the common diseases are able to make more accurate diagnosis and to take reasonable approach. In the practice of life seriously doing their own work and devote a good teacher's aide， won in recognition of superior physicians， but also made me brimming with confidence， to become my future working life in the “knowledge.”
I， as student council， student work experience at school is not only broadened my horizons， made me develop a calm and decisive， dedicated and efficient work style. Let me also understand the importance of teamwork in primary schools， junior high school， has been to university at all stages， I had the President， department director， vice president， group secretary and other positions， organized several classes collectively， the College of school activities， work was recognized students and teachers praise， I passed the teachers and students have repeatedly won the tie in with “excellent group learning cadres， student societies outstanding cadre of advanced individuals” Honor. I believe that with these experiences， I will be able to integrate into the normal work.
I have a strong self-learning ability. Medical science and technology with each passing day， and only constant “upgrade” their own knowledge can be in the fierce competition in an invincible position. With excellent results through the computer a test in Zhejiang Province， the state CET， can master windowsXX， windowsxp operating system， and the establishment of the use of CV web site and self-office， photoshop and other graphic processing software ， forms design work for future work， study， improve efficiency and create favorable conditions.
What happened yesterday has become a history. A glorious future needs to be realized by hardheaded and remorseless working from now on. I has great confidence that every man have his gift. I am ordinary， but not a mediocrity. Though I may not be the top one among those candidates， but I， still believe， would do better!
Sincerely
篇7：英文医学求职信
The leadership of the distinguished company:
Hello!
It is an honor in your busy schedule to read my cover letter, thank you! I am a Department of Automation, graduating students will receive bachelor's degree. University during the period laid a solid theoretical foundation for the professional, good organizational skills, teamwork spirit, pragmatic style of work.
Proficient professional knowledge of digital signal processing technology, analog / digital electronics, C programming language, automatic control, 80X86 principle, etc.; skilled such as the use of Windows XX/XP operating system; skilled use of Office, Excel office automation software; learning photoshop, Flash such as mapping software.
Outstanding accomplishment on the quality of thinking, thinking of progress, Benedict Shou-cheng, a letter, propriety and learning the principles of life.
Social practice, a four-year university life, I have strict requirements, competency-based training, in particular the practice of manipulative ability are my strengths. Low job-seekers holding a book, read the mind of self-confidence sincere, and I look forward to your company to become one!
Sincerely,
Salute!
篇8：英文医学求职信
Dear leaders:
Hello!
Thanks to his busy schedule in my reading自荐信down, thank you! I am 05 xxx Guangdong Medical College graduates of professional, medical industry, with unparalleled vision system through a three-year study and practice, I have laid a more solid theoretical foundation for the professional to cultivate a strong self-learning ability , good teamwork spirit and pragmatic work style. Simple, stable, exploration, innovation is my character.
Three years of university life, so I was a good learning atmosphere, and continuously learn from the medical knowledge, and actively participate in social practice, and enrich and improve themselves, not only clinicians with a necessary quality, and a one-time, through the National College English four examinations, two computer exams, the school won a number of occasions, second-class scholarship, and was named the Academy students and the outstanding members of Miyoshi. During the internship, I was able to learn the theoretical knowledge and clinical practice, positive thinking, positive hands-on experience, a better understanding of disease awareness and understanding of, cultivate a good clinical way of thinking, so I am master of all clinical departments of basic medical technology, the various sections of the common and frequently-occurring disease can make the correct diagnosis and treatment. Strong interest in learning, a strong sense of responsibility, ability and strong hands, so I got the higher-level doctors alike, but also my confidence in the direction of future work.
On this basis, I also pay attention to the quality of integrated education and training of their own expertise. From freshman year, I would study hard after school hours in the computer operating system to master Windows98/XX/xp of Word, Excel, Office and other office software applications free, fully utilize network resources, in order to study the creation of cutting-edge medical knowledge good conditions, I have a master Frontpage, Dreamweaver, Fireworks, Flash, Photoshop and other web pages related to software production, and independent producers of their own personal home page . In addition, the construction of my LAN's also quite familiar with, I believe I will for your organization's digital information platform for the construction of the business to make its own contribution.
To update knowledge in the pursuit of knowledge is the life I have the same creed. I firmly believe that: the needs of your organization is a complex, creative talent, and I are firmly in this direction to forward.
Distinguished leadership of the employing units, I have done to society, fully prepared to meet challenges. I believe that the support of you, I will and the leadership of your unit, the white sea Ji Yun-Fan, sometimes brave the wind and waves!
Sincerely,
Salute!
英文医学求职信相关
篇9：医学英文个人简历
英文简历是使用英文写的简历。英文简历(resume)并无固定不变的单一形式，应聘者完全可以根据个人的具体情况来确定采用何种形式，灵活设计。
Basic information
Name: yjbys
Gender: Female
Age: 25 Nationality: Han
Date of Birth: Height: 160
Weight: Nationality: Chinese
Exit and Entry: the current location of Shaanxi: Shaanxi
Marital status: single highest level of education: college
Graduate institutions: Yan'an University graduation date: July
Major categories are: the name of clinical medicine: clinical
The second professional categories: clinical medicine name: Maternal and Child Health
The current title: Junior
ID card or other document number:
Education / training experience
From September to May 2008 Yan'an University of Medicine
From June to June 2008 the second hospital internship Weinan in Shaanxi Province
In July 2008 in Shaanxi Province has 145 hospitals Xingping (dimethylamino) obstetrics work
Talent type: general job-related work experience: 2 years
Foreign Languages: English language: good
Other foreign languages: No other foreign language proficiency: None
Putonghua: the capacity of standard computer: good
Personal details of work experience
From June 2006 to June 2008 the second hospital internship Weinan in Shaanxi Province
July 2008 Xingping Shaanxi has 145 inpatient hospitals healers
Ability and expertise
Proficiency in diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases, the operation of family planning, birth attendants, in a higher level under the guidance of physicians, such as cesarean section
Job intentions
Job type: Full-time monthly salary requirements: Negotiable
Job functions of candidates: candidates positions Maternal and Child Health Title: Medical Assistant, clinicians
Hope that the Working Location: Shaanxi
Other duty stations: Xinjiang, Guangdong, Fujian
Detailed personal autobiography
Because from the Northwest - I can do hard work from the tradition of hard work on the action;
Because the young - I have a versatile and great potential for dedication and perseverance;
Because of low academic qualifications - I have a positive attitude seeks to catch up with the confidence of others!
Three years of my life cultivating a high sense of responsibility and a strong concept of time, I believe “I am not one of the best, but I would like to do most of the efforts of ordinary people a.”
Because efforts to do everything I can to serve as a unit services for patients, because I will constantly strive to improve themselves!
Other Requirements
“Devices will test and then know利钝, Ma will know good and then riding a dull”! Please give me a chance, a self-development space, no matter how hard the work, as long as the unit needs, and colleagues I will forge ahead and work together for a better tomorrow heart strength.
Hope that your trust, to accept! Must take concrete actions to prove “I can do it!”
篇10：医学文献综述的写作要求
医学文献综述的写作要求
一、概念
综述是作者以某一专题为中心，从一个学术侧面，围绕某个问题，收集一定历史时期(主要是近期最新文献)有关文献资料，以自己的实践经验为基础，进行消化整理、综合归纳、分析提炼而写成的概述性、评述性专题学术论文。
二、综述的特点
(一)综合性
综述要纵横交错，既要以某一专题的发展为纵线，反映当前课题的进展;又要与国内到国外研究现状进行横的比较。只有如此，文章才会占有大量素材，经过综合分析、归纳整理、消化鉴别，使材料更精炼、更明确、更有层次和更有逻辑，进而把握本专题发展规律和预测发展趋势。
(二)评述性
是指比较专门地、全面地、深入地、系统地论述某一方面的问题，对所综述的内容进行综合、分析、评价，反映作者的观点和见解，并与综述的内容构成整体。一般说，综述应有作者的观点，否则就不成为综述，而是手册或讲座了。
(三)先进性
综述不是写学科发展的历史，而是要搜集最新资料，获取最新内容，将最新的医学信息和科研动向及时传递给读者。
三、献综述的内容和形式
一般医学期刊登载的文献综述多为三四千字，引文15-20篇，一般不超过20篇，外文参考文献不应少于1/3，字数决定于内容综述的形式。
综述内容可以涉及一个科学、一个领域、一个专题、一个研究、一种药物、一种疾病或一种疾病的某一方面，一种学说，一种新技术和新方法等。
四、文献综述的写作格式
文献综述的结构一般包括四部分：前言、主体、总结、参考文献。
(一)前言
前言也叫引言、导言，用二三百字的篇幅，以前言的形式提出问题，包括写作目的、意义和作用，综述问题的历史、资料来源，现状和发展动态、有关概念和定义，选择这一专题的目的和动机、应用价值和实践意义。如果属于争论性课题，要指明争论的焦点所在。
(二)主题部分
主要包括论据和论证。通过提出问题、分析问题和解决问题，比较各种观点的异同点及其理论根据，从而反映作者的见解。为把问题说的明白透彻，主题部分可分为若干个小标题分述。这部分应包括历史发展、现状分析和趋向预测几个方面的内容。
1、历史发展
按时间顺序，简要说明这一课题的提出及历史阶段的发展状况，体现各历史阶段的研究水平。
2、现状分析
介绍国内外对本课题的研究现状及各派观点，包括作者本人的观点。将归纳、收集的科学事实和资料进行排列和必要的分析;对有创造性和发展前途的理论或假说要详细介绍，并引出论据;对有争论的问题要介绍各家观点或学说，进行比较，指出问题的焦点和可能的发展趋势，并提出自己的看法;对陈旧的、过时的或已被否定的观点可从简;对一般读者熟知的问题只要提及即可。
3、趋向预测
在纵横对比中肯定所综述课题的研究水平，存在问题和不同观点，提出展望性意见。
(三)总结
总结可有可无，视具体情况而定。总结主要是对主题部分所阐述的主题内容进行概括，重点评议，提出结论，最好是提出自己的见解，并提出赞成什么，反对什么。
(四)参考文献
综述应有足够的参考文献，这是撰写综述的基础。它除了表示尊重被引证者的劳动及表明文章引用资料的根据外，更重要的是使读者在深入探讨某些问题时，提供查找有关文献的线索。
篇11：医学综述的撰写方法和步骤
医学综述的撰写方法和步骤
文献综述是对某一方面的专题搜集大量情报资料后经综合分析而写成的一种学术论文， 它是科学文献的一种。文献综述是反映当前某一领域中某分支学科或重要专题的最新进展、学术见解和建议的它往往能反映出有关问题的新动态、新趋势、新水平、新原理和新技术等等。
学写综述，至少有以下好处：
①通过搜集文献资料过程，可进一步熟悉医学文献的查找方法和资料的积累方法；在查找的过程中同时也扩大了知识面；
②查找文献资料、写文献综述是临床科研选题及进行临床科研的第一步，因此学习文献综述的撰写也是为今后科研活动打基础的过程；
③通过综述的写作过程，能提高归纳、分析、综合能力，有利于独立工作能力和科研能力的提高；
④文献综述选题范围广，题目可大可小，可难可易，可根据自己的能力和兴趣自由选题。
文献综述与“读书报告”、“文献复习”、“研究进展”等有相似的地方，它们都是从某一方面的专题研究论文或报告中归纳出来的。但是，文献综述既不象“读书报告”、“文献复习”那样，单纯把一级文献客观地归纳报告，也不象“研究进展”那样只讲科学进程，其特点是“综”，“综”是要求对文献资料进行综合分析、归纳整理，使材料更精练明确、更有逻辑层次；“述”就是要求对综合整理后的文献进行比较专门的、全面的、深入的、系统的论述。总之，文献综述是作者对某一方面问题的历史背景、前人工作、争论焦点、研究现状和发展前景等内容进行评论的科学性论文。
写文献综述一般经过以下几个阶段：即选题，搜集阅读文献资料、拟定提纲（包括归纳、整理、分析）和成文。
一、选题和搜集阅读文献
撰写文献综述通常出于某种需要，如为某学术会议的专题、从事某项科研、为某方面积累文献资料等等，所以，文献综述的选题，作者一般是明确的，不象科研课题选题那么困难。文献综述选题范围广，题目可大可小，大到一个领域、一个学科，小到一种疾病、一个方法、一个理论，可根据自己的需要而定，初次撰写文献综述，特别是实习同学所选题目宜小些，这样查阅文献的数量相对较小，撰写时易于归纳整理，否则，题目选得过大，查阅文献花费的时间太多，影响实习，而且归纳整理困难，最后写出的综述大题小作或是文不对题。
选定题目后，则要围绕题目进行搜集与文题有关的文献。关于搜集文献的有关方法，前面的有关章节已经介绍，如看专着、年鉴法、浏览法、滚雪球法、检索法等等，在此不再重复。搜集文献要求越全越好，因而最常用的方法是用检索法。搜集好与文题有关的参考文献后，就要对这些参考文献进行阅读、归纳、整理，如何从这些文献中选出具有代表性、科学性和可靠性大的单篇研究文献十分重要，从某种意义上讲，所阅读和选择的文献的质量高低，直接影响文献综述的水平。因此在阅读文献时，要写好“读书笔记”、“读书心得”和做好“文献摘录卡片”。有自己的语言写下阅读时得到的启示、体会和想法，将文献的精髓摘录下来，不仅为撰写综述时提供有用的资料，而且对于训练自己的表达能力，阅读水平都有好处，特别是将文献整理成文献摘录卡片，对撰写综述极为有利。
二、格式与写法
文献综述的格式与一般研究性论文的格式有所不同。这是因为研究性的论文注重研究的方法和结果，特别是阳性结果，而文献综述要求向读者介绍与主题有关的详细资料、动态、进展、展望以及对以上方面的评述。因此文献综述的格式相对多样，但总的.来说，一般都包含以下四部分：即前言、主题、总结和参考文献。撰写文献综述时可按这四部分拟写提纲，在根据提纲进行撰写工。
前言部分，主要是说明写作的目的，介绍有关的概念及定义以及综述的范围，扼要说明有关主题的现状或争论焦点，使读者对全文要叙述的问题有一个初步的轮廓。
主题部分，是综述的主体，其写法多样，没有固定的格式。可按年代顺序综述，也可按不同的问题进行综述，还可按不同的观点进行比较综述，不管用那一种格式综述，都要将所搜集到的文献资料归纳、整理及分析比较，阐明有关主题的历史背景、现状和发展方向，以及对这些问题的评述，主题部分应特别注意代表性强、具有科学性和创造性的文献引用和评述。
总结部分，与研究性论文的小结有些类似，将全文主题进行扼要总结，对所综述的主题有研究的作者，最好能提出自己的见解。
参考文献虽然放在文末，但却是文献综述的重要组成部分。因为它不仅表示对被引用文献作者的尊重及引用文献的依据，而且为读者深入探讨有关问题提供了文献查找线索。因此，应认真对待。参考文献的编排应条目清楚，查找方便，内容准确无误。关于参考文献的使用方法，录着项目及格式与研究论文相同，不再重复。
三、注意事项
由于文献综述的特点，致使它的写作既不同于“读书笔记”“读书报告”，也不同于一般的科研论文。因此，在撰写文献综述时应注意以下几个问题：
⒈搜集文献应尽量全。掌握全面、大量的文献资料是写好综述的前提，否则，随便搜集一点资料就动手撰写是不可能写出好多综述的，甚至写出的文章根本不成为综述。
⒉注意引用文献的代表性、可靠性和科学性。在搜集到的文献中可能出现观点雷同，有的文献在可靠性及科学性方面存在着差异，因此在引用文献时应注意选用代表性、可靠性和科学性较好的文献。
⒊引用文献要忠实文献内容。由于文献综述有作者自己的评论分析，因此在撰写时应分清作者的观点和文献的内容，不能篡改文献的内容。
⒋参考文献不能省略。有的科研论文可以将参考文献省略，但文献综述绝对不能省略，而且应是文中引用过的，能反映主题全貌的并且是作者直接阅读过的文献资料。
总之，一篇好的文献综述，应有较完整的文献资料，有评论分析，并能准确地反映主题内容。
篇12：医学面试英文自我介绍
I am a clinical graduates, called XXX, graduated from the University Xianning. Time flies, just the past five years, the university will, in all aspects of campus to enable students to access many of the knowledge I learned many things. As a cross-century college students in order to better adapt to societys premise, full use of spare time, read a lot of extracurricular reading, broaden their knowledge, I put most of their time and energy on professional learning, not only results There are dozen more progress before; in clinical operations, hospitals and other practice areas are also enhanced training; in rehabilitation hands-on familiarity with various techniques to master. I actively participate in school extracurricular activities, access to many honorary certificates. In the summer, winter vacation time to participate in full use of clinical attachment and rehabilitation activities.
I get more training opportunities in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, - Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen - Yan Tiebin internship under the leadership of the rehabilitation. Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University Department of Rehabilitation, I have had acupuncture and massage 2M, exercise therapy 3M, rehabilitation wards 3M, occupational therapy 1M, physiotherapy 1M, speech therapy 1M, 1M, etc. EMG practice. I basically mastered from stroke, spinal cord injury, neck and shoulder back pain, fracture surgery, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury and other clinical diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation; 3M internship in rehabilitation wards, with the human body one step closer to understanding the structure of common diseases and some rare disease after clinical rehabilitation and drug prevention, the patient has good communication skills, on the recovery of the whole process a more familiar understanding of the field of rehabilitation medicine passionate!
As a cross-century college students, the truth in the medical field and I have to get a strong theoretical knowledge of professional, well-grounded, practical ability, to put forward their own in the professional field of view, honestly, cheerful, hard-working and pragmatic, have strong adaptability and teamwork capacity, followed by the latest rehabilitation theory, to accept new things, new challenges. It hopes the one pair of patients the cause of sincere heart, in the days after learning can display their skills to give yourself a chance.
篇13：医学面试英文自我介绍
well i am both honored and pleased to be asked to introduce myself to all of you.
my name is xxx. i’ll graduate from china medical university in july next year. and, my major is imaging of medicine, which is one of the most famous majors in our university. in my way of thinking, education is an important aspect of my life. i appreciate that our professors put great emphasize on the academic teaching of the solid theory foundation during our four year course. on the other hand, i must admit, practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. through the whole semesters of the fifth year in school for clinic practice, i make great progress in practical application.
at the mention of my qualification, i have passed cet-4 in english and cct-2 (=the second level) on computer already. i have a good command of imaging computer system “pacs”; not only do my qualification make me a perfect candidate, my personality is well suited: i’m honest, stable, aspiring, and have high sense of responsibility, strong will and indomitable spirit .i think i have the excellent ability of working independent1y or with a diverse work force as well. apart from the above mentioned, my scholastic pursuit make me spare no effort to get down to everything.
needless to say, nothing but perseverance, diligence can lead me to the way of success. it’s indeed unchangeable truth. it is my eagerness for putting my book knowledge into the farthest application .with my pious enthusiasm and sincerity, i want to join you to work for your hospital.
i believe that, “i can because i think i can.”
thank you for your consideration of my application thank you.
篇14：医学求职者英文自我介绍
医学求职者英文自我介绍
Morning! Thank you for giving me this interview opportunity. I come from Affiliated Hospital Medical College Which is 3A level hospital in Jiangxi province.
I graduated from Medical College and got my bachelor’s degree in Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine in . After that, I became a doctor in the Affiliated Hospital Medical College and took charge of some research and teaching work in Ultrasound. In the past six years, I have published 6 papers, 3 of those were published in core journal. Due to my hard working and all these achievements, I was exceptionally promoted to be lectureship in .
Well, I may be an outstanding doctor in my hospital but I realized two years ago when I was visiting 301 hospital as a trainee, there is a significant gap between those professors and me. The academic atmosphere there also excited me so much that I decided to get further systematic training in famous university.
I took the entry exam twice. The first time, I failed because my English was lower than the level. Well, I am the kind of person that once I have set up an aim I will fulfill it no matter what I may meet. The little frustration can’t beat me. To my pleasure, I am here today and I hope you could offer me this study chance.
Thanks!
篇15：医学应届毕业生英文求职信
【一】
Distinguished leadership:
hello! Thank you in spite of being very busy toglance on my cover letter, I am xx college clinical department of traditional Chinese medicine, combine traditional Chinese and western medicine direction) 20 XXX xx class graduates.
After six years of the university of north, south to study medicine, with rigorous the professional attitude of humility, based on the professional ethics of doctors kung, teaching of the teacher's guidance, I believe I can excellent clinicians and acupuncturist direction development.
Long may institute is a professional medical level, the diagnosis and treatment for skilled, high quality service attitude and gain social recognition. Your school constantly enterprising spirit, comfortable and harmonious working environment, model of teaching methods, after their patients kung career concept also let I respect very much. Hope I can become one of them, on this platform for a common philosophy and firm to complete their chosen career.
My academic performance in a hierarchical. Western medicine of traditional Chinese medicine English more scope of study, can accommodate trival, break the routine, but creative. I test ability may not outstanding, but in the research, constantly recharge myself.
Nearly six years study, preliminary have the basic quality of clinical doctors. In an internship at the same time, combined with clinical, self study, ear acupuncture therapy for many patients during treatment, and has certain curative effect, won the high praise, deeply appreciate the healer am goodness way to become a doctor.
During to the guangxi mengshan with teacher trainee, traditional Chinese medicine clinic preliminary master acupuncture technique, participate in the diagnosis and treatment of 200 person-time, familiar with the common diseases of internal medicine and acupuncture, broaden the thinking; In rui kang hospital affiliated to the guangxi institute of Chinese and western practice, master the basic clinical skills and the diagnosis and treatment of common diseases, understanding the clinical evidence-based medicine thinking and skills in communicating with patients; In addition to lucky film, big companies such as China games center planning cooperation projects, make me form comparison system comprehensive thinking and with social, interpersonal, company of a certain ability to communicate; Go to Beijing university to study the experience of famous, enrich the reading, and learned to calmly face the setback ability. Can these make me believe in the work of moral thinking, flexible coordination group collaboration, and the processing of interpersonal relationship.
Nowadays, medical system, doctor-patient relationship is perfect, also exist during temporary complex, is not only doctors in treating diseases, and a series of problems, therefore, there is sense of responsibility, thinking jump, insight, patience, and strong adaptability of I, acupuncture and moxibustion, medical psychology, environmental protection, photography and planning editing, yoga is my specialty. Always hopes the healer can practice the concept of goodness, health related professions to seek for the needed each other. Doctor-patient expectations can be under your leadership to this worthy cause and progress.
Enclosed resume, looking forward to the interview with you. In the end, please accept my most sincere thanks and best wishes for a successful job.
advance
salute
The date of
【二】
Distinguished leadership:
hello! First of all, thank you in spite of being very busy toglance reading my cover letter, for a full of enthusiasm university student opens a door of hope, sure I won't let you down.
I am xx school of medicine, clinical medicine, a graduating undergraduates, recruiting the nazis in your hospital, with solid basic knowledge of medicine, skilled operating technology, outstanding social work ability, and strong ability of self-study to improve, I have confidence to be able to fit for clinically relevant work soon. Therefore, to your hospital volunteer.
Clinical theoretical study at the university of four years formed my rigorous attitude towards study, strict way of thinking, cultivate good habits of study, one year working experience in clinical practice more to improve my ability of analyzing and resolving problems. Especially in the process of internship training hospital gave me many opportunities for hands-on practice, make every department of clinical common disease I can make the correct diagnosis and the best treatment. Strong sense of responsibility, strong study interest, hands ability, ability to accept quickly, and can be best to finish the work tasks, won the praise of the superior doctors make me, make me more confidence one hundred times, become the “best” in my future work life.
Rich experience in social work not only broadens my vision, more formed I composed decisive, enthusiasm and efficient work style. In elementary school, junior high school, high school, has been in each stage of the university, I served as monitor and learning committee member, etc., and successfully organized numerous activities, face-to-face class work to get the recognition and the teacher's praise of the classmate, my class was rated as “excellent class” for many times, I also repeatedly won the “excellent league member”, “work activists” and other honorary titles. I believe that with this experience, I will be able to coordinate various relations, deal with the problems in the daily work.
Self-study ability is my another advantage. Medical science and technology changes with each passing day, only by constantly “upgrade” their knowledge in an impregnable position in the fierce competition. During the period of school exams, I passed the computer first and second level national college English test band 4, fluent windows98, windows2011, Windows xp operating system, using office, photoshop, and self-study foxpro software such as graphic processing, form design, web production, such as work, for future work, study and improve the work efficiency has created favorable conditions.
Through years of study and practice, I from the psychological and ability ready enough to be going to work, I sincerely hope I can become a member of the medical scientific research team for you, I will be with lofty medical ethics, enthusiastic service, pour all I can, I can't keep on learning, for your school contribute the medical development, realize “heal the wounded and rescue the dying, fulfill their duties, the life convenience” long-cherished wish. Finally, zhu GUI unit future career progresses day by day!
个人品质英文常用语：
able 有才干的，能干的 adaptable 适应性强的
active 主动的，活跃的 aggressive 有进取心的
ambitious 有雄心壮志的 amiable 和蔼可亲的
amicable 友好的 analytical 善于分析的
apprehensive 有理解力的 aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的
audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的 capable 有能力的，有才能的
careful 办理仔细的 candid 正直的
competent 能胜任的 constructive 建设性的
cooperative 有合作精神的 creative 富创造力的
dedicated 有奉献精神的 dependable 可靠的
diplomatic 老练的，有策略的 disciplined 守纪律的
dutiful 尽职的 well--educated 受过良好教育的
efficient 有效率的 energetic 精力充沛的
expressivity 善于表达 faithful 守信的，忠诚的
frank 直率的，真诚的 generous 宽宏大量的
genteel 有教养的 gentle 有礼貌的
humorous 有幽默 impartial 公正的
independent 有主见的 industrious 勤奋的
ingenious 有独创性的 motivated 目的明确的
intelligent 理解力强的 learned 精通某门学问的
logical 条理分明的 methodical 有方法的
modest 谦虚的 objective 客观的
precise 一丝不苟的 punctual 严守时刻的
realistic 实事求是的 responsible 负责的
sensible 明白事理的 sporting 光明正大的
steady 踏实的 systematic 有系统的
purposeful 意志坚强的 sweet-tempered 性情温和的
temperate 稳健的 tireless 孜孜不倦的
★浙江医学
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