以下是小编精心整理的Unit 2 English around the world训练 (人教版英语高一)，本文共10篇，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：Unit 2 English around the world训练 (人教版英语高一)
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 1 Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and comprehending
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、单词拼写
1. I had lost my _________ （身份）card and was being questioned by the police.
2. Do you want to take the __________（电梯）or use the stairs?
3. The ____________（实际的）cost of repairs was a lot less than we had expected.
4. Total profit was $ 690 million in the ___________（后者的）half of .
5. The ship sank on itss long ____________（航行）home.
6. Air is a mixture of g _____________.
7. Their arguments were becoming more and more f________.
8. She’s f _________ in four languanges.
9. His English v __________ is getting bigger all the time.
10. Spanish is the country’s o __________ language.
Ⅱ、短语翻译
1.使用，利用____________ 2.目前，现在______________ 3.以……为基础_____________
4.不止一个______________ 5.即使____________________ 6.在某种程度上_____________
7.因为，由于____________ 8.互相（三者以上）_________ 9.显现，出现，发生_________
10.像……那样，诸如……________________________________
二、能力提升
Ⅰ、单选
( )1.- Did you take enough money with you?
- No, I needed _________ I thought I would.
A. as much as B. much more than C. much less than D. not so much as
( )2.It’s already 10:30. I wonder how it _______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came up with B. came out C. came about D. came over
( )3.It was reported that their ship broke down on the way and only a few men survived the ________.
A. trip B. travel C. voyage D. tour
( )4.When planting trees, stick to ________ species.
A. nations B. native C. natives D. nation
( )5. Many great men have risen from poverty -Lincoln and Edison, ________.
A. for example B. instead C. such as D. and so on
( )6.Middle school students should learn from real heroes, ________ Yang Liwei and Hong Zhanhui, and try to make contributions to our country in the future.
A. for instance B. for example C. as follows D. such as
( )7.The number of peole invited _______ forty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; were
( )8.She was late not only __________ her illness but also _________ she missed the plane.
A. for; because of B. because; for C. because of; because D. because of; because of
( )9. I like Emy, ________ she can be annoying（烦人的）at times.
A. even though B. now that C. as though D. as long as
( )10. Complete the map of each site __________ what you drew last time.
A. to base on B. bases on C.basing on D. based on
( )11.So far the problem we are worried about hasn’t ___________ yet.
A. come up B.come on C. come on D. come down
( )12. They had a pleasant chat ______ a cup of tea.
A. with B. for C. over D. during
( )13.We thought about it for a long time, but still couldn’t _________ a solution.
A. come out B. get along with C. come over D. come up with
( )14. If better use is _________ of your spare time, you’ll make great progress.
A. thought B. made C. spent D. taken
( )15. -Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? - Thank you. _________.
A. If you like B. Of course you can C. It couldn’t be better D. It’s up to you
Ⅱ、请根据课文内容，填充表格。
Origin Modern English comes from 1 ________.
Development
From AD 450 to AD 800 it was based more on 2 ___________.
From AD800 to 1150 New settlers enriched its 3 _________.
At the end of 4 _____ century
about five to seven million people spoke English and nearly all of them lived in England.
In 1620 It was carried to 5 ___________.
In the 18th century It began to be spoken in 6 __________ .
By 7 ________ century English was finally settled. There were were big changes in English 8 _____________.
Two important works: Samuel Johnson’s dictionary and Noah Webster’s 9 ___________.
Current situation A large number of people study English and 10 ____________ may have the largest number of English learners.
三、创新探究
1. Name some countries where English is their official language.
2. Guess which of the following words is British English and which is American English. Can you list more?
1) match / game 2) colour / color 3) autumn / fall 4) toilet / bathroom
5) underground / subway 6) flat / apartment 7) sweets / candy 8) post / mail
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 2 Learning about Language(Discovering useful words and expressions & Discovering useful structures)
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、单词拼写
1. If you c ________ someone to do something, you order them to do it.
2. He walked five b __________ down High Street.
3. When she saw me, she r _________ me at once.
4. The book refers to modern English _________(惯用法).
5. Thank you for all your e __________ of praise.
6. The teacher asked us to be ablie to r________ the story before the next class.
7. The country is facing a very difficult economic s ___________.
8. Can you r _________ what you just said, please?
9. He is surprised to see that our home town develops so r ________.
10. The ten most ___________(频繁地)asked questions are listed below.
Ⅱ、短语翻译
1. 信不信由你_____________________ 2. 走近___________________
3. 要求某人做某事_________________ 4. 在操场上_______________
5. 公认某人为_____________________ 6. 在周末__________________
7. 向某人解释_____________________ 8. 说出不同________________
9. 提出请求_______________________ 10. 列出清单_______________
二、能力提升
Ⅰ、单选
( )1. He commanded that all the gates __________.
A. shut B. should shut C. would be shut D. be shut
( )2. With a good ____________ of both Chinese and English, Mr Li was assigned the task of oral interpretation for the visiting American delegation.
A. command B. impression C. programme D. writing
( )3. Do you think the President will give in to the terrorists’ ____________ ?
A. suggestion B. request C. demand D. requirement
( )4. She come here ___________.
A. by my request B. at my request C. for my request D. by the request of me
( )5. His only request is that the room _________ after being used.
A. be cleaned B. will be cleaned C. would be cleaned D. is cleaned
( )6.-Do you mind if I keep pets in this building? - _______________________.
A. Great! I love pets B. Of course not, it’s not allowed here
C. No, you can’t D. I’d rather you didn’t, actually
( )7. Yesterday she told me that she had met her aunt ___________.
A. for two years B. two years before C. two years ago D. before two years
( )8. The teacher told me that the light ______ faster than sound.
A. travels B. had traveled C. is traveling D. traveled
( )9. She said she ________ here soon.
A. will go B. would come C. will come D. would go
( )10. He asked me ______ I bought the dictionary. I told him that my brother gave it to me as a present.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
( )11. He _______ us to have another try.
A. warned B. hoped C. suggested D. asked
( )12. Mother said that _______ would do all washing herself.
A. she B. her C. I D. we
( )13. “_______ polite to the guests,” said my father.
A. Are B. Do be C. Should D. Please
( )14. He told me that she had met one of my old friends in the street ________.
A. the next day B. the following day C. the day before D. yesterday
( )15. I was told that the singer _______ in 1978.
A. was born B. had been born C. had born D. is born
Ⅱ、把下列直接引语改为间接引语
1. “Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us.
2. “Please come here again tomorrow,” her friend said to her.
3. Father said to him, “Go away!”
4. “Don’t make so much noise in class, boys and girls,” said the teacher.
5. “What a lovely day it is!”
6. “Happy New Year to you!” he said.
7. Kate said, “Would you please come up to my flat for a visit?”
8. “Never forget it,” he said.
9. She said, “Let’s go shopping.”
10. Miss Lin said, “Tom, stop talking.”
Ⅲ、把下列间接引语改为直接引语
1. The hostess asked us to sit down..
2. He told the boys not to make so much noise.
3. Mother told me to go back before 10:00.
4.She told me not to wait for her.
5. The girl suggested that we should start at once.
三、创新探究
the same … as 与the same… that 有何区别？
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 3 Using Language(Listening, Reading, Speaking)
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、单词拼写
Fill in the blanks according to the first letter or the Chinese meaning given in the brackets.
1. Doctors advise the patients should take medicine following _______(说明书).
2. Jet Li has played lots of leading r_______ in Kong Fu films.
3. What is _______ (标准) English?
4. Education in middle schools should contain various cultures, _______ (包含) sports cultures.
5. Most of the members _______ (在场) at the conference were for the removal of agricultural taxes.
6. The Indian _______ (本地人) aren’t getting on well with the Whites in this area.
7. Although I hadn’t seen Jenny for ten years, I r_______ her voice immediately I picked up the phone.
8. Judging from his _______ (口音), he must be from North East of China.
9. Our nation has been developing _______(迅速地) in science and technology.
10. A whole basin of water in the freezing weather may be turned into a b_______ of ice.
Ⅱ、短语运用
Fill in the blanks using the suitable form of the phrases given below
believe it or not; even if; make good use of; such as; play the role of;
a good number of; the same… as; come up; be based on; more than
1. You are not stupid. _______ you were slow at study, you shouldn’t give up your studies.
2. _______ books have been missing from the library.
3. I’m afraid something urgent has _______; I won’t be able to see you tonight.
4. The money collected should be _______ to help the people in South Asia who suffered a lot in the killer earthquake and tsunami(海啸).
5. The farmer grows various kinds of crops, _______ wheat, corn, cotton and rice.
6. He is _______ a friend to me. He is in a way my English teacher.
7. He once _______ Hamlet when at college.
8. Judgment should _______ facts, not on gossip.
9. There at the door stood a girl about _______ height _______ mine.
10. _______, they found gold in the mountain.
二、能力提升
Ⅰ、单选
( )1. Mike came here _________ to see you, ________ after he heard that you had returned from abroad.
A. especially; specially B. especially; especially C. specially; especially D. specially; mainly
( )2. -I’m sorry I broke your mirror. -Oh, don’t worry about it!
A. It’s OK with me B. It doesn’t matter C. Don’t be sorry D. I don’t care
( )3.The apples are delicious. I’d like to have _____ third one because ____ second one is rather too small.
A. the; a B. the; the C. a; a D. a; the
( )4. Father is coming. What present _______ for your birthday?
A. do you expect he has got C. you expect he has got
C. do you expect has he got D. you expect has he got
( )5.She looks honest, but _____ she often tells lies.
A. in a fact B.as matter of fact C. actually D. in an actual fact
( )6.___________, we must climb up to the top.
A. However high is the mountain B. However high the mountain is
C. However the mountain is high D. However is the mountain high
( )7. Mother promised to ______ me with a beautiful gift.
A. offer B. give C. buy D. present
( )8.It seems difficult to ______ “damage” from “destroy” in meaning.
A. tell B. judge C. separate D. divide
( )9. He has made _______ a rule never to regret and look back.
A. that B. it C. what D. this
( )10.-Is the film interesting? -Yes, but it won’t interest _______.
A. someboday B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody
( )11. It is so nice t hear from him. _____, we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. In other words B. What’s more C. Believe it or not D. That is to say
( )12. I have ____ him for fifteen years. But I didn’t _____ him just now because he has changed so much.
A. known; recognize B. recognized; know C. known; know D. recongnized; recongnize
( )13. People from the mountains in the southeastern US speak with almost ______ people in the northwestern US.
A. a same language as B. the same dialect that C. the same accent as D. the same dialect as
( )14. What do you think of the way _____ he worked out the problem?
A. that B. in which C. / D. all the above
( )15. I came back to the same place _____ I had found the ring.
A. where B. which C. as D. that
Ⅱ、对话填空
阅读下面对话，掌握其大意，并根据所给首字母的提示，在横线上写出一个英语单词的完整、正确形式，使对话通顺。
A: Hi, Li Hong, we haven’t seen each other for about three years, right? I can hardly 1 r_________ you.
B: Yes, Aunt Huang. But you are still very energetic and pretty.
A: Oh, thank you. And your English is more 2 f_________. You must be very hard-working these years.
B: 3 A________, I make several foreign friends and practice my English with them.
A: Oh, great. By the way, we will make a 4 v__________ to England. What do you want me to bring for you? There are a lot things that you have never seen in the 5 s________ part of Asia.
B: Would you like to buy some good cookbooks about Asian food for me?
A: Books? Why not some 6 n_________ decorations（装饰品）in England. You can make your study more beautiful?
B: Make my study more beautiful?
A: Yes.
B: I beg your 7 p________? I can’t understand you. What on earth do you mean?
A: I mean “Shufang”in Chinese, and in English we can say “study”.
B: Oh! I didn’t know this 8 u_________ of this word. But I still want some books. You know, I will treat some 9 i_______________ guests to dinner, the majority of whom are from Asia, 10 s_________ as Singapore and England. I plan to cook some Asian food for them.
三、创新探究
Fill the blanks according to “The Road to Modern English”
So why has English changed 1 time? All languages change when cultures 2 with one another. The English 3 between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. 4 , it was based 5 on German than present day English. Then from about 1150 to 1500 English changed even more. It became 6 like German, and more like French because those 7 ruled England at that time spoke French. It became closer to the language you are learning now. In the 1600s, Shakespeare made use of a wider 8 than ever before. One big change in English usage happened 9 Noah Webster wrote the American Dictionary of the English Language, 10 American English its own identity. Later, when some British people went to Australia, English began to be spoken there. Now Australian English has its own identity.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10. _______
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 4 Using Language (Reading and Writing)
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D、E、F 中选择恰当的选项，完成短文，使短文意思通顺、合理。
In school all over the world boys and girls are learning foreign languages. 1 if we go to France, we ought to be able to speak French, and in Germany people will expect us to understand German.
2 English is one of the most important because so many people use it, not only in England and the USA, but in other parts of the world. About 200.000.000 people speak it as their own language, and another 200.000.000 use it as a second language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it. Many millions of schoolboys and schoolgirls are trying to do so.
3 If we could learn a second language in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. Think of what a child does. It listens to what people say and it tries to imitate what it hears. When it wants something, it has to ask for it. 4 If people had to use a second language all the time, they would learn it quickly.
5 We imitate what we hear. In school, although you learn to read and write as well as to hear and speak, it is best to learn all new words through the ear. You can read them, spell them, and write them later.
A. English children study French, which is also a very important language. An Englishman can easily find someone in almost all parts of the world who is able to talk to him in either English or French.
B. Everybody knows his own language, but another one is very useful, especially when we travel to other countries.
C. It is important to remember, also, that we learn our own language by hearing people speak it, not by seeing what they write.
D. It is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time.
E. How many languages are there in the world? These are about fifteen hundred, but many of them are not very important.
F. Which is the best way to learn a language? We should remember that we all learnt our own language well when we were children.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
Ⅱ、阅读下面短文，选择恰当的选项回答问题。
English words don’t stay the same. People need new words for new inventions. Different words come into use, or older words are used in a new way.
English can change by borrowing words from other languages. The word “tomato” was borrowed from Mexico, and “tea” came from China, and so on. Now a great many of new space and science words are being borrowed from other countries, too. New words can be formed in other ways. For example, some can be formed by adding two words together. “Weekend” and “cookbook” are made up of two parts. Sometimes new words are shorter forms of older words. The word “photo” was made from “photograph” by cutting off the end of the longer word. “Plane” was made by cutting off the front part of “airplane”. The names of people and products can become new words. Our “sandwich” was named after a man named Sandwich and “sello（透明胶带）”was a name given by the company that first made the product.
( ) 1. New English words are needed because ___________ .
A. people use old words in a new way B. people need a new way to explain
C. the world is changing and developing D. new ideas and new inventions come about quickly
( ) 2. We know from the passage that _______.
A. new science words are shorter than the old ones
B. the best way to make a new word is adding words together
C. some new English words are borrowed from other languages
D. most new English words are borrowed from other languages
( ) 3. How many ways of developing English words does the passage tell us?
A. Three B. Four C. Five. D. Six
( ) 4. The main idea of the passage is _______.
A. that the English language is always changing B. that there are new ideas in English today
C. how people name new products and inventions D. how the change of languages goes on in the world
二、能力提升
完型填空
Do you know 1 languages there are in the world? There are about 1500, but many of them aren’t very 2 . English is one of the most important languages because many people 3 it, not only in England and America, 4 in other countries of world. About 375000000 people speak it 5 their own language, and another 375000000 use it as 6 language. It is 7 to say how many people are learning it. 8 boys and girls in schools are trying to do so.
Many English children study French. French is also a very important language. 9 children study German, Russian, Japanese and Chinese.
What is the best 10 to learn a language? We know that we all learnt 11 language well when we were 12 . If we learn a second language in the 13 way, it won’t seem so difficult. What does a small child do? It 14 what people say, and it tries to guess what it hears. When it wants something, it has to 15 it. It is using the language, 16 in it and talking in it all the time. If people use a second language 17 , they will learn it 18 .
In school, you learn to read, to write, to hear and to speak. It is best to learn all new words through the 19 .You can read them, spell them and 20 them later.
( )1. A. how many B. what number C. a lot of D. so many
( )2. A. useful B. necessary C. important D. good
( )3. A. like B. use C. learn D. speak
( )4. A. but B. and C. also D. so
( )5. A. like B. with C. for D. as
( )6. foreign B. a second C. the second D. a special
( )7. A. easy B. again C. difficult D. best
( )8. A. Millions of B. Million of C. Millions D. Several million of
( )9. A. Some B. Other C. All D. Few
( )10. A. time B. way C. thing D. place
( )11. A. a foreign B. our mothers’ C. other’s D. our own
( )12. A. born B. children C. grown D. boys
( )13. A. same B. different C. useful D. good
( )14. A. does B. says C. listens to D. follows
( )15. A. ask B. want C. get D. ask for
( )16. speaking B. writing C. thinking D. doing
( )17. A. some time B. sometimes C. all the same D. for the time
( )18. A. quickly B. soon C. freely D. hardly
( )19. A. mouth B. hands C. ears D. mind
( )20. A. listen to B. use C. love D. write
三、创新探究
阅读下面的短文，然后用30个左右的词概括短文的要点。
“Are you happy at school”?” Most middle school students will answer “No” to this question.
A student from a key school in Guangzhou says that her teachers will give them too much homework to do every day. Every day, she has to do her homework from one subject to another. She can’t finish it until late into the night.
Another student says that they have too many exams. He doesn’t know why teachers should give them so many exams. He says that they have to spend so much time in preparing for the exams that they don’g have any time to do other things, such as playing football, playing computer games, watching TV and so on.
Most school students hope that their teachers give them less homework to do and they should have fewer exams so that they can have more free time to do what they like. It is more important for teenagers to live happily than to have too much homework and too many exams.
Main idea: ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Unit 2 English around the world 答案
Period 1 Warming up, Pre-reading, Reading and comprehending
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、单词拼写
1. identity 2. elevator / lift 3. actual 4. latter 5.voyage
6. gases 7. frequent 8. fluent 9. vocabulary 10. official
Ⅱ、短语翻译
1. make use of 2. at present 3. be based on 4. more than one 5. even if
6.in some ways 7. because of 8. one another 9. come up 10.such as
二、能力提升
Ⅰ、单选
1. B.前一句意思是“你带够钱了吗？”从否定答语“没有（带足够的钱）”可知，后面要表达的意思是“需要的钱比原来想象需要的钱要多得多”。故选B. much less than是其反义短语，指“远远少于”。
2. C.本题考查动词 come的短语辨析。Come about表示“发生，”常与how连用。此句意为“我相知道这么短的旅途她竟然迟到2个小时，这件事情是怎样发生的？”
3. C.由ship可推断出是海上旅行，因此用voyage.
4. B. native 用作定语，表示“当地的”。
5. A. instead是副词，意为“代替，而是”；such as用来列举事物，不能用逗号隔开；and so on意为“等等”，用在所列举的一系列事物之后；for example“例如，比如”，可放在句首或句末，须用逗号隔开，用于对所说事情作解释时举例用。故此处选A。
6. D. 表示多个人物的列举。
7. B. “a number of+n.”意思是“许多……”，做主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of+n.” 意思是“……的数目”，做主语，谓语动词用单数。
8. C. because of后面接名词、代词或相当于名词的词组，而because后面跟句子表示原因。
9. A.表示退一步进行考虑的情况。
10. D.此句意为“在你上次所画的基础上完成那张包括各个地点的地图”。Base on指“以……为基础”。根据句子可知，此处不需要谓语动词，B项可排除。被修饰词map与base之间是被动关系，故选D。
11. A.指问题的显现、出现。
12. C. 介词over在此处意为“一边……，一边……”。本题意思是“他们一边喝茶，一边愉快地聊天”。for表示目的，with表示方式或伴随，during表示‘在…….期间“，在此均不符合语境。
13. D. 指找到一个好的解决方法。
14. B.考查把make use of 中的名词use提前，变成被动的用法。
15. C. 否定词与形容词后副词比较级连用表示最高级的意思。
Ⅱ、请根据课文内容，填充表格。
1. England 2. German 3. vocabulary 4. the 16th 5. America 6. Australia 7. the 19th
8. spelling 9. The American Dictionary of the English Language 10. China
三、创新探究
1. In Asia, Singapore, the Philippines, India etc. In Africa, Nigeria, South Africa, the USA, Canada etc.
In Oceania, Australia, New Zealand and so on.
2. 每组斜杠前面的单词是英国英语(Br. English)，后面的是美国英语(Am. English)。
1) match / game 2) colour / color 3) autumn / fall 4) toilet / bathroom
5) underground / subway 6) flat / apartment 7) sweets / candy 8) post / mail
Differences in vocabulary between British English and American English.
Br. English Am. English Br. English Am. English
pub bar mend repair
biscuit cookie football soccer
lift elevator lorry / van truck
cooker stove ground floor the first floor
film Movie / film petrol gas / gasoline
programme program traveller traveler
cab taxi ill sick
mum mom trousers pants
Mad crazy penfriend penal
tin can theatre theater
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 2 Learning about Language(Discovering useful words and expressions & Discovering useful structures)
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、单词拼写
1. command 2. blocks 3. recognized 4. usages 5. expressions 6.retell 7.situation 8. repeat 9. rapidly 10. frequently
Ⅱ、短语翻译
1. believe it or not 2. come up to 3. request sb to do sth. 4. in / on the playground
5. recognize sb as / to be 6. at the weekend 7. explain to sb. 8. tell the difference
9. make a request 10. make a list of
二、能力提升
Ⅰ、单选
1. D. command 引导的宾语从句必须用虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。
2. A. 指英语和汉语掌握得好。
3. C.demand指提出的强烈的要求，坚决不让步的要求。
4. B. at… request应…….之要求。
5. A. request 后面跟的是同位语从句，用虚拟语气，表示内容。
6. D. Do you mind if…?是表示请求许可的日常用语。否定回答表示同意对方的意见，而肯定的回答则表示反对对方的意见。依据语境，此处应选D项，表示委婉的拒绝。
7. B.间接引语中“一段时间之前”要用“时间段 ＋ before”。
8. A. 当讲述真理时，从句用一般过去时。
9. B. 主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去将来时。由句中here可知用come 不用go。
10. D. ask 后不能再用that, 又因宾语从句中主、谓、宾都有，缺状语，故选D。
11. D. 只有ask后可接sb. to do sth.
12. A. 指mother, 且句中有herself，故用she。
13. B. 直接引语中，祈使句要以动词原形开头。
14. C. 间接引语中“前一天”用the day before。
15. A. in 1978是一个表示过去的时间点， 要用一般过去时。
Ⅱ、把下列直接引语改为间接引语
1. The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first.
2. Her friend asked her to go there again the next/ following day.
3. Father ordered him to go away.
4. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class.
5. He/ She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day.
6. He wished me a Happy New Year.
7. Kate asked me to go up to her flat for a visit.
8. He told me never to forget it.
9. She suggested that they (should) go shopping. / She suggested (their) going shopping.
10. Miss Lin told / advised / ordered Tom to stop talking.
Ⅲ、把下列间接引语改为直接引语
1. The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”
2. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
3. Mother said to me, “Come back before 10:00.”
4.She said to me, “Don’t wait for me.”
5.The girl said, “ Let’s start at once.”
三、创新探究
当定语从句所修饰的词（即先行词）是the same 或被the same 修饰时，指的是同类事物，表示“同……一样的”；定语从句的引导词必须用as；如果定语从句所修饰的词（即先行词）与从句中所指的是同一个，the same 应与that 连用，表示“和……是同一个。”
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 3 Using Language(Listening, Reading, Speaking)
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、单词拼写
1. directions 2. roles 3.standard 4. including 5. present 6. natives 7. recognized 8. accent 9. rapidly 10. block
Ⅱ、短语运用
1. Even if/ though 2. A good number of 3. come up 4. made good use of 5. such as
6. more than 7. played the role of 8. be based on 9. the same… as 10. Believe it or not
二、能力提升
Ⅰ、单选
1. C. specially to do sth.指专门，特意干某事；especially“尤其，特别是”，对某一方面进行强调。
2. B. 表示“不介意。”
3. D. a third one 表示“又一个”，不是表顺序。
4. A. 此处是“疑问句+插入语+陈述句”的结构。
5. C. actually实际上，其他选项均为形式上错误。
6. B. however + adj. / adv. +其他。
7. D. present sb. with sth.赠送某人某物。
8. A. tell A from B把A与B辨别开来。
9. B. make it a rule to do sth.把做……当成习惯。
10. C. 但并非使所有人都感兴趣。
11. C.本题主要考查这4个插入语的意义辨别。In other words换言之；What’s more另外，还有；That is to say也就是说；Believe it or not信不信由你。根据本题语境可知，C 是最佳选项。
12. A. recognize 指原来很熟悉,经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来,是终止性的动词；而know是延续性动词，指相互间十分熟悉和了解。
13. D. the same…as 是固定表达。当定语从句所修饰的词（即先行词）是the same 或被the same 修饰时，指的是同类事物，表示“同……一样的”；定语从句的引导词必须用as；如果定语从句所修饰的词（即先行词）与从句中所指的是同一个，the same 应与that 连用，表示“和……是同一个。”另外，accent是一个人讲话的口音；language是一个民族、一个国家的语言； dialect是一种语言之下的某种方言。
14. D. the way作先行词在定语从句中作方式状语时，其定语从句的引导词可以是that或in which或者省略。
15. A. where在定语从句中作地点状语，不要受the same … as的干扰，as为关系代词。
Ⅱ、1. recognize 2. fluent 3. Actually 4. voyage 5. southeastern
6. native 7. pardon 8. usage 9. international 10. such
三、创新探究
1. over 2. communicate 3. spoken 4. Actually 5. more 6. less 7. who 8. vocabulary 9. when 10. giving
Unit 2 English around the world
Period 4 Using Language (Reading and Writing)
一、基础训练
Ⅰ、1. B 2. E 3. F 4. D 5. C
Ⅱ、1. D.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句People need new words for new ideas and new inventions.可知道答案应选D。
2. C. 细节理解题。结合选项及文章的最后一句Our “sandwich” was named after a man named Sandwich and “sello”was a name given by the company that first made the product.可以推断出答案。
3. B.信息综合题。文章提到了new sords 的来源...by borrowing words from other languages... be formed in other ways...are shorter forms of older words.以及The names of people and products can become new words.这四种方式。
4. A.主旨大意题。文章的第一句English words don’t stay the same.讲述了英语单词不是一成不变的，从而说明英语语言在不断地发展变化。
二、能力提升
1～5 ACBAD 6～10BCAAB 11～15DBACD 16～20CCACD
1. A. 这里是问世界上有多少种语言。
2． C.英语是最重要的语言之一, 还有很多语言不是很多人使用,所以不是很重要。
3． B. 很多人使用英语，而不仅仅是喜欢、说或学英语。
4． A. not only ... but (also)...是固定搭配。
5． D. as意思是“作为”。
6． B. a sencond language表示第二语言。
7． C.很难说有多少人在学英语。
8． A.millions of为固定搭配，意思是“数以万计的”。
9． A.很多儿童学法语，也有一些学德语、俄语、日语、汉语等。
10． 10. B.学习语言的最好方法。
11. D. 我们小时候学我们自己的语言。
12. B.儿童时期学母语。
13. A. the same way 表示“相同的方法。”
14. C. 从后一句的hear可知这里是听别人说。
15. D.
16. C.与using和talking并列。
17. C. some time一段时间；sometimes有时候；all the time一直。
18. A. 一直使用，当然就学得很快。
19. C.根据上文可知应为through the ears.
20. D. D项与read them和spell them并列。
三、创新探究
Main idea: It is quite common that middle school students don’t feel happy at school. This passage tells us that many students don’t feel happy because they have too many exams and too much homework..
篇2：人教版高一Unit 2 English around the world
Revision for
I Phrases:
1. 第一次
2. 行了，好了；瞧，对吧
3. 请随便些，不要拘束
4. 明白了，知道了
5. 再回来的路上
6. 总共
7. 同样数目的人
8. 属于自己的
9. 除了
10. 发展成
11. 用英语和某人交谈
12. 听广播中的英语歌曲
13. 精通英语
14. 熬夜
15. ……和……之间的不同
16. ……和……不同
17. 发生
18. 问题的答案
19. 保持一致，保持不变
20. 以 ……结束
21. 或多或少，
22 做……有困难
23 引入
24 许多
II语言知识
1. for the first time / the first time
1) for the first time 在句中作状语，表示有生以来第一次作某
2) the first /second time 在句中作表语
3) the first time 作连词引导状语从句
we had a quarrel _____________________ after our marriage.
It’s __________________ that my father has been at sea.
We fell in love _______________we met each other.
2. Excuse me:
1)used when you want to get someone’s attention:
Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the Museum?
2)used to ask someone politely to move so that you can walk past:
Excuse me, but can I pass by?
3) used when you want to politely tell someone that you are leaving a plac
允许离开， 允许不参加
Excuse me a moment, Mr. Johnson. I’ll be right back.
Won’t you excuse me for a little while?
4）excuse oneself: 请求离开， 请求不参加（某活动）：
He excused himself from the meeting.
May I be excused?
3.must 表肯定推测 can 用于否定疑问推测
must 〉may 〉might + be /be doing /have done
can + be /be doing /have done
1) You must go home right now, _________ you ?
2) You mustn’t walk on grass,____________ you ?
3) He must be a teacher ,__________ he ?
4) He must have finished his work ,_________ he ?
5) He must have finished his work yesterday,_________ he ?
6) Jenny ____ with him at that time , for I was having dinner with her in my home.
A can’t have been B mustn’t have been
C must be D may be
7）-- will my sister stay at home this afternoon?
--I am not sure. She ____ to the cinema.
A may go B must go C may be going D can go
8) My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___have taken it?
A should B must C could D would
9) I telephoned him twice and I couldn’t get through to his home.
I think that the line might have been out of order,_____?
A don’t you B do you C wasn’t it D hadn’t it
10) You want to the same shop at the same time as my brother on Friday, so you mast have seen him,____?
A mustn’t you B haven’t you C hadn’t you D didn’t you
4．at all: (用于加重语气)：
1） 用于否定句， 表示“一点也不”，“完全不”
There was nothing to worry about at all.
“Am I late?” “No, not at all.”
2) 用于条件句， 表示“（如果） 真的，确实”
If you know anything at all about it, you should tell us.
3) 用于肯定句及问句， 起强调作用， 可译为“到底”，“ 真的”， “竟然”等：
I really don’t see why you should keep a diary at all.
Did you sleep at all on the plane?
3 the number of +_____n. +______ 谓语动词
a number of +_____n. +______ 谓语动词
The number of people invited______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons.
4.except +n./ 介词短语/ 不定式 /that /wh-
except for
besides
all/everything /everyone/ nothing/ nobody/ no one except =but
1) there’s clearly nothing _________ an old chair in the room.
2) The window is never opened ________ in summer.
3) All students___________ Tom have gone the Great Wall.
4) She could not choose anything ____________ (wait).
5) The suit fitted him well ____________ the color was a little brighter.
6) His composition is good __________ some spelling mistakes.
7) He goes there every week __________ he is too busy.
5. with +O. +O.C.
在句中充当状语或定语
1） The guard was standing at the gate,___________________(手里拿着枪).
2） ______________________________(作业完成了)， he went to see a film.
3） _________________________________(有这个小男孩带路) ，we had no difficulty in finding Mr Green’s house.
4） ______________________, ( 有汤姆帮我)I can do it better.
5） At the eve of Christmas ,she got nothing but $2_________ to buy her husband a simple present.
A with which B with what C which D what
6.reason
1) There are several reasons ________ his absence.
2) The reason ____ he didn’t go was ______ he was ill.
3) The reason ____ he gave was ______ he was ill.
4)The reason _____ came from him was important.
reason / cause
A cigarette end was the _______ of the fire.
III. 知识活用
1. ___________________________________________(有那么多人每
天讲英语), it will become more and more important to ________________________________________(精通英语).
2. Nobody ____________________________________(来看她), she felt lonely.
3.He goes to see his mother once a month ___________________(除了他忙的时候)
4．Businessmen and tourists often come to China________________________________________(不会说汉语).
5. 有同等数量的人把英语作为第二语言来学习
6. English is a language ________________________________(全世界都说的).
IV. 知识拓展
Some differences between British and American English
The English used by all over the world is mostly very familiar. There are only very small differences between American English and British English.
Grammar is almost the same, but there are some spelling differences. For example, the words colour, centre and traveller are spelt color, center and traveler in American English.
The differences in the spoken language are greater. For example, Americans say dance /dns/,and in some southern England they say /dɑ:ns/. In America they pronounce not/nɑ:t/; in southern England they say/n:t/.However, most of the time, people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
篇3：人教版高一Unit 2 English around the world
I． 单元教学目标
技能目标Goals
Learn about the differences between American English and British English.
Learn about communication skills.
Report requests and demands using “He/She asked me to...” and “He/She told me to…”.
Write a short passage comparing American and British English.
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式 Language difficulties in communication
Can you spell... , please?
Could you repeat... , please?
What do you mean by saying... ?
Could you speak a little slowly, please?
Sorry, I couldn’t follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say... in English?
How do you pronounce…?
What does... mean?
Could you explain it in another way?
词
汇 1．四会词汇：bathroom, towel, closet, pronounce, broad, repeat, majority, native, total, tongue, equal, government, situation, international, organization, trade, tourism, global, communicate, communication, exchange, service, signal, movement, commander, tidy, stand, independent, fall, expression, typhoon, publish, southern, president, European, howl, cookbook, compare, replace
2．认读词汇：Nancy, landlady, Karen, Thompson, Dave, ketchup, the United Kingdom, mother tongue, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Philippines, peg, tornado, Spanish, Noah Webster, statement, Florida
3．词组：make oneself at home, in total, except for, stay up, come about, end up with, bring in, a great many
4．重点词汇：pronounce, majority, native, international, trade, tourism, communication, exchange, compare
结
构 Direct and Indirect Speech(2)-Requests and Commands
He/she asked/told...(not) to do...
重
点
句
子 1. English is a language spoken all around the world. P10
2. With so many people communicating ..., it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. P11
3. How did these differences come about? P12
4. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language... P12
5. At the same time, British English..., ending up with different words. P13
6. Except for ..., written English is more or less the same... P13
7. However, most of the time ... do not have any difficulty in understanding... P13
8. Not only did Xiaohua learn ..., she also became interested... P95
9. I try to read as many books and magazines as I can find about Canada.
III. 教材分析与教材重组
1. 教材分析
本单元以“世界英语”为话题，介绍了英语在当今世界所起的重要作用，使学生进一步了解学好英语的必要性，了解英美语言在词汇、拼写、语音等方面的区别，学会用请求和命令两种方式转述他人的话语，知晓在写作过程中尽量使用间接引语的优越性。
1.1 WARMING UP提供了一个因不了解英美两国人在用词差异上造成误解的例子，使学生们认识到掌握英美两种语言差异的重要性，为Integrating Skills 中英美语言差异一文作了铺垫。
1.2 LISTENING部分要求学生听后快速记下房东太太对Brown先生所讲的住房规矩，培养学生通过听快速获取有效信息的能力，并在“写”的实际中运用“请求和命令”两种用语间接转述他人的请求。
1.3 SPEAKING部分要求学生三人一组合作，学会在不同场合下运用请求和命令两种用语口头转述他人所说的话，提高他们的语言表达能力。
1.4 PRE-READING 是READING的热身活动。通过对这两个问题的讨论使学生意识到学习第二语言（英语）的重要性。
1.5 READING部分是一篇说明文。文章的三个段落均说明了英语的确是世界范围内使用最广泛的一门语言，是联合国的工作语言，是其他语言无法替代的。
1.6 POST-READING 部分设计了两种练习，练习一的前两题是细节题，第三题是一个开放性题目，鼓励学生将英语学习与现实生活相联系。练习二是填空题，帮助学生梳理文章、概括中心思想。
1.7 LANGUAGE STUDY分词汇和语法两部分。其中，Word study 旨在培养学生用英语解释生词的能力；语法部分是有关“请求和命令”用语的直接引语和间接引语的转换。
1.8 INTEGRATING SKILLS 通过阅读使学生了解英国英语和美国英语的差异及产生差异的历史文化背景。在归纳其差异的基础上写一篇有关“英美语言差异”的小短文，也可模仿课文写出你所熟悉的不同方言的一些区别。
2. 教材重组
2.1 从话题内容上分析，WARMING UP与SPEAKING部分的PART TWO话题较为一致。将WARMING UP作为SPEAKING部分PART TWO的引入部分上一节“口语课”，让学生了解英美语言的确存在差异，有时若不了解其差异会造成很尴尬的局面；进而让学生练习和掌握语言交际中遇到障碍时的一些常用句型。
2.2 将 LISTENING 和SPEAKING部分的PART ONE设计成一节“听力课”，为本单元语法课作铺垫。
2.3 将PRE-READING, READING和POST-READING整合上一节“阅读课”，训练学生的阅读理解能力和技巧。
2.4 将LANGUAGE STUDY和WORKBOOK中的PRACTISING语法练习题整合在一起上一节“语法课”。
2.5 利用INTEGRATING SKILLS的READING和WRITING上一节“读写课”，让学生了解英美两种语言的差异并将其整理成文。
3.课型设计与课时分配（教材重组后，本单元可用五课时完成）
1st period 口语课
2nd period 听力课
3rd period 阅读课
4th period 语法课
5th period 读写课
IV.分课时教案
The First Period Speaking
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
bathroom, towel, closet, pronounce, direct, have a good flight, at all, make oneself at home, if you’ll excuse me now, stay up, end up with
b. 交际用语
Can you spell that please?
Could you repeat that, please?
What do you mean by ...?
Could you speak a bit slowly, please?
Sorry, I didn’t follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say ... in English?
How do you pronounce...?
What does ... mean?
Can you say that in a different way?
2. Ability goals 能力目标
To learn some differences between American English and British English.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Let students learn how to deal with language difficulties in communication.
Teaching important points 教学重点
1. How to improve the students speaking ability
2. How to make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in class.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
How to use different sentence patterns for language difficulties in Communication
Teaching methods 教学方法
1. Listening to the tape .(individuals)
2. Pairs work to practise the dialogue and make up another dialogue（cooperative learning）
Teaching aids 教具准备
1. a recorder
2. a projector and some slides
Teaching procedures && ways 教学过程与方式
Step I Greetings and Revision
T: Good morning/afternoon, boys and girls!
Ss: Good morning/afternoon, Mr Chen!
T: Sit down, please. Today we are going to learn Unit 2: English around the world, but I want to check your homework first.
1. Check whether they have remembered the ten important sentences.
2. Check whether they have previewed the new words and expressions in this unit. Then the teacher write down: English around the world - The First Period on the blackboard.
Step II Warming up
T: Look at the picture and try to guess:
Qs: 1.What do you think is happening in the picture?
2.Where do you think is the man?
Sa: A funny story is happening.
Sb: The man is in the bathroom.
Ask the students to discuss the following questions.
1. What is Joe’s nationality? How about Nancy?
2. What it is that Nancy thinks Joe wants?
3. What is it that Joe is looking for?
4. What is their misunderstanding about?
After discussion.
Sa: Joe is an American while Nancy is British.
Sb: Nancy thinks Joe wants to have a bath.
Sc: Joe is looking for a toilet.
Sd: In American English the word “bathroom” means a place where there is a toilet and sometimes a bath or shower. In British English, the word “bathroom” means a place where there is a bath or shower and sometimes also a toilet. Joe wants to go to the toilet, but Nancy thinks he wants to take a bath.
T: You did quite well. There are really some slight differences between American English and British English, so in order to avoid misunderstanding, it is necessary for us to know about some differences between American English and British English.
Step III Speaking
T: Now, I think you must know about why the misunderstanding occurred between Joe and Nancy. Then turn your book to page10. Let’s do Speaking-Part Two. In the following box there are several useful expressions. These sentences are all about the language difficulties in communication. When we express our requests and orders, we use them. Here I give you a few minutes to remember these sentences.
Can you spell that, please?
Could you repeat that, please?
What do you mean by ...?
Could you speak a bit slowly, please?
Sorry, I didn’t follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say ... in English?
How do you pronounce...?
What does ... mean?
Can you say that in a different way?
T: Now please work in small groups to make up dialogues about other language difficulties in pronunciation, spelling, grammar, uncertainty, misunderstanding, etc. and act out in class, using the useful expressions above.
Sample dialogues
Situation 1:
Taking a message: A is visiting B, but B is not in , C takes a message for B
A: Is B at home?
C: Sorry, she isn’t in. She went out just now.
A: Oh, could you do me a favor to take a message to her? I am her workmate.
C: I’d be glad to.
A: Could you please tell her we have decided to go out for an autumn outing. Please ask her whether she’d like to join us. My phone is 7500924
C: Could you repeat that, please?
A: It’s 7500924
C: Ok. I have taken it down. I’ll tell her about it the time she comes back
Situation 2:
Answering the telephone: Lucy is trying to call Mary, but Mary is not in .Tom takes a message.
Tom: Hello! This is Tom speaking.
Lucy: Is Mary in?
Tom: She is not in. Can I take a message for you ?
Lucy: It’s very kind of you. Henry Potter Ⅲ is going to be put on in the cinema at 3:00 pm this afternoon. I have got two tickets. If she wants to, please tell her to send an e-mail to me at noon. The address is lucy_pretty123456@yahoo.com.
Tom: Could you speak a bit slowly, please?
Lucy: lucy_pretty123456@yahoo.com. Have you got it?
Tom: Ok. Bye.
Situation 3:
The teacher tells the monitor about the task this afternoon. And the monitor tells it to the rest of the students.
T: This afternoon we’ll do some cleaning in our classroom at 4:00 pm . Could you please tell the students about it?
M: Certainly, I’d be glad to .
T: Please tell the students to bring some cloth
M: Sorry, I didn’t quite follow you. What shall we do with it?
T: Oh, we’ll mainly clean the glass and sweep the floor.
M: Ok, I will tell the class about it.
Extension Task: Students can create and practise their own dialogues. They may include other language difficulties such as pronunciation, spelling, grammar, uncertainty, misunderstanding and inability to express what they mean or want to say. (若时间不足，可改为作业)
Step VI Homework
T: Now let’s recall what we have learned during this course. We have learned a dialogue about misunderstanding between Joe and Nancy. And then we have learned the useful expressions about language difficulties in communication. Our homework:
1. Remember the useful expressions on Page10.
2. Complete Talking in workbook.
篇4：人教版高一Unit 2 English around the world
Period 3 Reading
Learning Aims:
1. To get students to know the historical development of English over the past fifty years, developing from a widely spoken national language to a universally spoken world language.
2. To get students to realize the importance of English and to do more practice.
Learning Procedures:
Step I Revision
1. Act out the dialogue
2. Check the exercises on p7 and p9
Step II Pre-reading
There are about 200 countries and regions in the world? But do you know , “How many languages are there in the world? “( More than 5000.) What kinds of languages do you know? Where are they spoken?
English (England, America, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa)
Chinese (China) Japanese (Japan) French (France)
German (Germany) Italian (Italy) Russian (Russia)
Spanish (Spain).
China has an area of 9,600,000 square kilometers with a population of 1.2 billion. Of all the languages, which language has the largest number of native speakers? (Chinese) .Do you think which language is the most widely used all over the world? (English)
Ok, let’s turn to our reading text: English around the world. Open your books at P10
Step III Reading
Listen to the tape and try to find out:
1. How many people speak English as a mother tongue?
(More than 375 million people)
2. How many people speak English as a second language?
(More than 375 million people)
3. In which countries can we find native speakers of English?
The United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland, New Zealand
4. From the text we know, in countries such as India, Pakistan, Nigeria, and the Philippines, English is used in a different way. How is English is used there? Please describe the situations in such countries.
1. How many people use English as a foreign language? Can you give me an example country.
2. But in Hong Kong, the situation there is quite different . How is English used in Hong Kong?
7. Why is it becoming more and more important to have a good knowledge of English?
(English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world . With more and more people using English around the world in trade/ business, travel/ tourism or international organisations, we need to be able to communicate using the English language.)
8. From what we have learned, we know English is a kind of language spoken all over the world.
Bb design:
Number of speakers Example countries
The native language More than 375 million The United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland, New Zealand
The second language More than 375 million India, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Philippines
Theforeign language More than 750 million China….
The working language of international organization, international trade and tourism.
Step IV Post reading
1. We live in China and Chinese is our mother tongue. But we have studied English for more than three years and we can use English every day in different situations. So in what situations do you use(read, listen, write, speak) the languages in your daily life?
Listening to and singing pop songs,
Playing computer games,
Reading web pages,
Watching foreign films, VCD/ DVDs and TV programmes,
Talking to travelers coming to China,
Using the Internet,
Reading advertisements
2. If you are allowed to choose to learn or not to learn English, what is your choice? And why? Discuss with your partner, give as many reasons as possible. Then invite one of your members to state your views.
Step V Language points.
1. English is really a language spoken all around the world./ all over the world
E-mail sent by the company arrived just now.
The questions asked by him are difficult to answer.
He stayed on a deserted island where there were no people at all.
2. There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
The / A majority: most.
There are 62 students in our class. The majority of them are boys.
Most of the students are boys.
Most students are boys.
______ the people seem to prefer TV to radio. (D)
A. The most B. Most C. A most of D. A majority of
The majority ______ in favour of the suggestion made by him.
3. In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue./ native language
In total: in all, altogether
Total: n. vt. adj.
Yesterday I bought three books, but I kept it a secret because the books are very expensive and they cost me 500 yuan in total. / The total cost reached a total of 500 yuan./ The cost totalled 500 yuan.(add up to) My husband is in total darkness.
He has to work day and night because he has debts ______ more than 20,000 yuan. A. total B. in a total C. totalling D. a total
4. An equal number of people learn English as a second language.
Be equal to: the same in size, amount, value, number, degree, status, etc.
In Women’s Liberation Movement, women thought they were equal to men , so they should demand equal pay for equal work.
Bill is good at English. I think Mary is quite equal to him in Brains, so she can also learn English well.
Be equal to sth. / doing sth.: have the ability to do sth.
I am a teacher. I think I am equal to my job.
No one else in the restaurant equals his service.
They are of ______ height but I think Mary ______ the job.
A. equally, is equal B. equal, is equal to C. equal, equals D. equally, is equaled
Women are equal to men. = Women are equals of men.
5. In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
I have read many books on how to learn English, but this is the most useful book. He also said that this book was a most useful one.
I have never seen such a good film. / This is the best film I have ever seen.
Thank you very much indeed for your help. It’s _____ of you.
A. most kind B. the kinder C. the more kind D. the most kind
4. With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a knowledge of English.
I had to stay home with so much homework to do.
I like sleeping with lights burning/ turned on/ on
With all these dishes ______, I can’t go and listen to the speech by the famous professor. A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D. washing
5. knowledge [u.]
a knowledge of history [n.]
Everybody knows that knowledge is power, so a little knowledge is dangerous.
He has a wide knowledge of English.
6. except but besides except for except that
Your composition is good except for its spellings.
Your composition is good except that there are some spelling mistakes in it.
We have classes every day except/but on Sunday.
What else did you buy besides some books?
7. In Chinese, a bathroom means a place where we can have a bath.
8. mother tongue: native language
9. such as
10. the number of / a number of
11. To our great joy, he is developing into a good student.
14. Listen to English songs on the radio
15. communicate with sb. through the Internet
16.▲ for the first time
Joe is an American who has come to Britain for the first time.
Joe has come to Britain for the first time.
It is the first time that Joe has come to Britain.
For the first time in life he was defeated in his game.
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master wore his fine green coat and his black silk tie.
▲the first time
The first time I met him, he was helping his friends with their chemistry.
▲This/ It/ That is the first/ second/ third/ last/ best …time that sb. has done….
This is the third time you’ve asked me the same question
▲ He failed his driving test five times.
17. direct: without interrupting a journey; using straight route
with no one in between
Tom told me that a student was ill in the classroom. I ran direct from the office to the classroom only to find nobody there. Tom looked directly at me, feeling surprised. Maybe they played a trick on me and Tom.
The train goes there direct.
I prefer to deal with him direct.
directly : in a direct line or manner
He looked directly at us.
He speaks very directly to people.
18. all the way
Her brother was badly ill in bed. Mrs. Nancy came all the way from the United States specially to see him.
by the way
get in one’s way
make one’s way
on one’s way to
lose one’s way
篇5：Unit 2 English around the world
I.Teaching aims and demands
1.Topics
1>.interview the headmaster and other teacher about the school rules
and the ways to learn all the subjects
2>.make a world map of English-speaking countries
3>.collect words different in spelling,pronunciation,or meaning between
British English and American English,to make a list
2.Function: language difficulties in communication
Can you spell that?
Could you repeat that,please?
What do you mean by...?
Could you speak a bit slowly,please?
Sorry,I didn't follow you.
I beg your pardon?
How do you say...in English?
How do you pronounce...?
What does...mean?
Can you say that in a different way?
3.Vocabulary
bathroom;towel;closet;pronounce;broad;repeat;majority;native;total;tongue;
equal;government;situation;international;organization;trade;tourism;global;
communicate;communication;exchange;service;signal;movement;commander;tidy;
stand;independent;fall;expression;typhoon;publish;southern;president;European;
hhowl;cookbook;compare;replace
make oneself at home;in total;except for;stay up;come about;end up with;
bring in;a great many;at the same time
4.Grammar direct and indirect speech:imperative(requests and demands)
II.Key points
1.listening and speaking
1>what is it that Joe can't find in the bathroom? [注意]强调句的使用
2>oh,there you are. [用法]行了,好了.表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果.
3>all the way [用法]一路上
4>make yourself at home [用法]别客气;别拘束
5>closet [用法]壁橱 [联想]water closet卫生间
5>pronounce [比较]和pronunciation的拼写差异
6>broad 宽的 [比较]wide;前者重在表示宽广,还可修饰shoulder等;后者指距离,可以修饰eye等
7>repeat 重复 [注意]不可和again连用;后接ing形式
8>make up [用法]组成;弥补;编写 [联想]make up for弥补;make up one's mind(s)下决心
2.reading
1>.native [用法]a.本国的;本地的; n.本国人;本地人;地产物品
2>majority [用法]大多数
3>total [用法]a. n. [搭配] in ~ [联想]totally
4>a number of [比较]the number of
5>except for [用法]整体肯定,局部修正 [比较]besides/except/except that/except when
6>communicate [用法]v.交流;交际;通讯 [联想]communication
7>with so many people communicating in English [注意]with复合结构的使用
8>have a good knowledge of [用法]对...有所了解
9>equal [用法]a. n. v. [搭配]be equal to
10>tongue [联想]mother tongue母语
11>government [联想]govern
12>situation [用法]形势;情况;(建筑物)位置
13>international [联想]national
14>organization [联想]organize/WTO;WHO...
15>tourism [联想]tour;tourist [比较]journey/travel/trip
16>global [联想]globe
17>exchange [用法]n. v.交换;互换;交流
18>service [联想]serve
19>signal [用法]信号
20>command [用法]n. v.命令;指挥 [注意]后接从句应用虚拟结构
21>tidy [用法]a.整洁的; v.使...整洁
22>stand [用法]v.站;忍受 n.置物台;架子 [联想]stand by旁观;stand for象征
23>stay up [用法]不睡觉;熬夜
24>leave the door open [注意]leave:使...保持某一状态
3.integrating skills
1>come about [用法]发生
2>independent [用法]be independent (of) [联想]depend
3>fall [同义]autumn
4>expression [用法]表情;表达
5>end up with [用法]以...结束
6>publish [用法]出版;公布
7>statement [联想]state
8>president [用法]总统;(大学)校长;会长
9>European [联想]Europe
10>bring in [用法]引进;引入
11>a great many [同义]a good many
12>compare [比较]compare to/compare with
13>replace [同义]take the place of
14>stay the same [注意]stay同keep
15>more or less [用法]或多或少;大约
16>have some/no difficulty in doing [注意]difficulty不可数
17>Saying sth slowly often helps. [注意]help:有帮助
18>give a description of [用法]对...进行描述
4>workbook
1>have a problem with [用法]...方面有问题或困难
2>close to [用法]靠近...
3>take care [用法]保重
4>long time no see [用法]好久不见了
5>shut up [用法]闭嘴
6>stay in touch [用法]保持联系
7>Not only did Xiaohua learn...,she also... [注意]倒装
8>in the name of [用法]以...名义
9>format [用法]格式
篇6：Unit 2 English around the world
I. General Goals for this Unit
1) words and expressions
all the way, tired, make oneself at home, excuse, on the left, repeat, forget to do sth, majority, native, in total, a second language, of one’s own, the number of, except, develop into, in fifty years, widely, communicate, so many, have a knowledge of, come about, quick, independent, at the same time, end up with, more or less
2) expressions for communicative uses
Asking for permission and responses
Daily expressions
a. May I …?
Can you …?
I wonder if I could …?
Would / Do you mind if I …?
b. Yes / Sure / Certainly.
Yes, please.
Of course.
Go ahead, please.
That’s OK / all right.
Not at all.
c. I’m sorry you can’t.
I’m sorry, but …
You’d better not.
3) Grammar
Direct speech and indirect speech (II)
II. Some of the vocabulary words
1) landlady, landlord
2) pronounce (v.), pronunciation (n.)
3) broad, Broadway (百老汇)
4) repeat, repetition (n.)
5) majority, major (adj. 主要的)
6) equal, equality (n.)
7) government, govern (v.)
8) tourism, tour
9) service, serve (v.)
10) signal, sign
11) movement, move
12) commander, command (v.)
13) independent, independence (n.)
14) fall, waterfall (n.)
15) expression, express (v.)
III. Language Studies
Warming up
1) What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom? Joe在盥洗室找不到的是什么东西？
What is it that …? 来自于强调句。强调句的框架：It is + 被强调部分 + that …。
用法指导：为了便于说明之，我们先引进一个“母句”。
母句：I saw a friend in the street yesterday.
→It was I that (或who) saw a friend in the street yesterday. (强调主语)
→It was ___ __________ that __ _____ in the street yesterday. (强调宾语)
→It was __ ____ _________ that __ ______ a friend yesterday. (强调状语)
→It was ___________ that __ ________ a friend in the street. (强调状语)
注意强调句的疑问形式：
Was it yesterday that you saw a friend in the street?
_______ _____ ____ (到底在哪) that you saw a friend yesterday?
What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom?
2) for the first time 首次，第一次（状语结构）
I visited the Great Wall for the first time that summer.
区别：the first time
①名词结构
I ______ ___________ (还记得) the first time that I saw the Great Wall.
It is the first time that I have been late.
②名词性连词，“第一次，一…就”
The first time I saw it, I knew it was mine.
3) have a good flight 飞行愉快 have a good time (泛指)过得愉快
4) all the way 全程；一直地
They ____ _____ _____ _________ (一路跑着到) here.
5) You must be very tired. 你一定很疲劳。
这里的must是表示推测，“一定是；肯定”。常见的句子有：
He must be watching TV now, ______________? (对吗)
You must be hungry, ________________? (是吗)
对过去的推测，用must have + 过去分词：
You must have finished the work, _______________?
They must have been told about the news, _____________________?
6) at all 一般用在否定句，帮助加强否定的语气，如：
I do not _____ the _______ ____ ____________ (根本不了解这座城市).
用在肯定和疑问句的时候，有怀疑的口气：
Did you know the city at all? 你到底了解这座城市吗？
7) make oneself at home 无拘束；随便一点，就象在自己家里一样；感到舒适
Help _________ ___ (别客气，吃) some more food; just make yourself at home.
I can’t ______ ________ ___ _________ in such a place. 在这样的地方我觉得不自在。
8) upstairs 是一个副词，注意其位置：
go upstairs (副词状语); a room upstairs （副词后置定语）
Speaking
1) pronounce a word 发一个单词的音
The word is ________ ____ this way. ( 这样发音)
Your _______________ is different from mine.
2) hurry up 快点！
3) on one’s way back 在回来的路上 on one’s way home 在回家的路上 on one’s way to a place 在去某地的路上；
in this / that way;
in the way / in one’s way 妨碍，挡了路：Move a bit; you are in the / my way.
By the way;
In a way 在某种程度上：This match was well played in a way.
Pre-reading
1) native language; mother tongue 母语
native n. & adj.
A native ________ _____ our guide. 一个当地人做了我们的导游。
native speakers of English 英语是母语的人们
He has a ________ deal of native __________. 他有极大的与生俱来的能力。
2) situation
The situation in China at that time was very _____________. (处境很困难)
The house has a fine _____________. 这所房子的地点很好。
Reading
1) English is a language spoken all around the world. 英语是一门全世界都讲的语言。
注意spoken是分词后置定语。
分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）可以直接作定语；理解分词定语的关键在于______________________________________________________________.
Do you know ___ ________ __________ a newspaper there? ( 那个正在读报纸的人)
I want to buy a ________ _________. ( 会唱歌的鸟儿)
This is a bridge __________ by the farmers. (造)
_________ ________ ( 英语口语) is in greater need than ________ _________. (笔头英语)
--第四单元的学案上有更多的有关分词定语的内容。
2) There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
majority n. “大多数，大半”，要和the 连用：
___ _____________ _____ (大多数的) students here like English.
☆The majority is / are for the plan.
3) native speakers of English 母语是英语的人
4) in total 总计；总共 (相当于 altogether; in all)
These apples _______ 56 ________ ____ ___________. （总共花费…美元）
The _____ __________ of students in our school _____ 1,200. (学生总数是)
5) of one’s own (…) 某人自己的..
I don’t want to ______ (分享) a room with others; I want a room ____ _______ _________. （自己的）
6) an equal number of people learn English as a second language
a number of 大量、许多，等于many, a lot of，加可数名词，number 前可受large, great, small 等修饰，谓语动词是复数：
__ _________ _______ ____ people went to the Great Wall on National Day. （大量的）
the number of “…的数目”，谓语动词是单数：
The _________ ___ students here ___ 1,200. (这里的学生数目)
An equal number of 同等数量的：
We have 200 English books and __ ________ _________ ___ Chinese books. (同等数量的)
7) In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
注意这里又出现了分词后置定语most widely spoken and used in the world。
develop into 发展、发育成…；发达成…
The place has developed _______ a small __________ __________ a modern city. (从一个小村，成)
8) the working language 工作语言 international organizations 国际性组织 international trade and tourism 国际贸易和旅游
9) Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.
Without + 动名词是一个常见的状语性结构：
He came into the room ________ ______ ________ (没向我们打招呼) to us.
He came __________ _______ ________ (不请自来).
10) Chinese businessmen, … talk with them using English. 华商们用英语和他们交谈。
分词可以作伴随状语，伴随谓语动词，和谓语动词之间不要用任何连词；但分词本身可以有自己的连词或副词。
He went there _________ and ___________. ( 唱着跳着)
He stood under the tree, _________. (看书)
_________ _____ the room, he saw a lot of classmates. (走进)
While riding the bicycle, Li Ping fell and broke his leg.
Once finished, the bridge will be the longest in Asia.
11) global culture 全球文化 global village 地球村
12) communicate with 和…交流 communicate … to 把…传递给
__ ______ ___ ________ (将很容易) to communicate with foreigners if you have a good knowledge of English.
Please communicate the message to them at once.
13) With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
①With + n. + 分词或不定式往往作状语，表示伴随情况：
With so many people ____________ (谈话) outside, I didn’t hear the radio.
--（用什么分词？为什么？）
The man with his hands __________ (招手) is our English teacher.
--（用什么分词？为什么？）
With the work _________ (完成), they went home.
--（用什么分词？为什么？）
With so much homework to do, I have to go home at once.
--(讲这句话的时候，作业做了吗？)
②have a good knowledge of English 有扎实的英语知识/功底
knowledge 本来是不可数名词，如：
Knowledge is power (知识就是力量)；但当指某一门具体学科等的知识时，可以作可数名词，如：
___ good ____________ of English is a must in _____________ __________. (一个扎实的英语功底是国际贸易中的必备条件。)
--（高考题目）
Language study
1) exchange 交换
They ____________ _________ and then said ________ ___ ______ __________. (他们相互交换了电子信箱，就互道再见。)
2) stay up 熬夜，不睡觉；挺立不倒
He is tired because he _______ ___ ______ ________ (熬夜太晚) last night.
The building stayed up after the earthquake(地震).
Integrating skills
1) know about the difference between 了解…之间的差异
注意区别：know about 了解关于…的情况（片面、直观）；know知道，认识（全面、深刻）：
I knows ________ English, but I do not ________ English. (我了解一点英语的情况但是我不懂英语。)
difference between A and B A 和B之间的差异、不同点
I can’t _______ the ____________ between these two books. (区别，不同点)
Between 通常指两者之间，还可以指每两者之间；
The city is ________ a ___________ and a canal. 该城市位于铁路和运河之间。
There are soldiers between trees. 在每两棵树之间都站着士兵。
Among 指众多事物之间：He came from a village among the hills.
2) come about “发生；造成”，注意该词组同happen一样，没有被动：
How _________ (was 还是did？) the accident come about?
3) stay the same “保持不变”，stay 可以作连系动词，加形容词the same作表语。又如：
The temperature _______ ______ ( 一直热) this week.
The store ________ _______ (一直开着) till 12 at night.
4) end up with “以…结束”
His speech started with a joke and ended up with a joke.
He is sure to end up with a big failure.
5) A + be different from B A不同于B
My _________ (主意) is _________ ________________ (相当不同于) from yours.
6) more or less 几乎，差不多；大致，大约；或多或少
The plan is _____ ___ ______ the same ___ that one. (大致一样)
I have ______ __ _______ _________ _________ the book. (差不多读完了)
He ______ _______ or less a whole day to repair the car. ( 花费)
7) have … difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有…困难
The old man had a lot of difficulty (in) finding his home.
_____ (一些)
_____ (没有)
_____ (很大)
There be … difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth
以上结构里的(in) doing sth可以换成with something.
9) over the centuries “几个世纪以来；横亘几个世纪的时间”，over 可以表示时间或地域的跨度：
He ________ ________ (驱车来) to see me.
He stayed in the country _______ ____ _________ (整个周末).
10) bring in 拿近来；引来；引进；吸收；赚得；有收入
___________________________ (把衣服收进来); it is raining.
The police brought in two thieves.
We will have to bring more workers in to help us harvest rice.
_____________________________ (美国乡村音乐) brings in 200 million dollars a year.
11) compare A with B 把A和 B进行比较
If you ________ this pen ______ that one, you can see the _________. (如果你把这支笔和那支笔进行一下比较，你就会发现差异。)
compare A to B 把A比作B
We often compare girls to flowers. → Girls are ______ ________ ______ ________.
12) give a description of 对…作一个描述
Please give ____ a _______ ___________ of the accident. (给我们一个清晰的描述)
13) replace A with B 用B来替代A
The workers _________ the old machine with a ______ ________. (用一台新的来代替旧机器)
篇7：Unit 2 English around the world
一． 学习目标和要求
1. 掌握以下单词和习惯用语
1)单词
Nancy; bathroom; towel; landlady; closet; Karen; pronounce; Thompson; broad; repeat; Dave; ketchup; majority; native; total; tongue; equal; government; situation; Pakistan; Nigeria; the Philippines; international; organization; trade; tourism ;global; communicate; communication; exchange; service; signal; movement; peg; commander; tidy; stand independent; fall; expression; tornado; Spanish; southern; statement; president; European; Florida; howl; cookbook
2）习惯用语
make yourself at home; forget to do sth; in total
2. 功能意念项目
了解并掌握美式英语和英式英语的区别。
3. 语法
1) 学习直接引语和间接引语（2）。
2) 学习ask/tell sb. to do sth结构。
4．语言运用
运用所学语言，围绕英语学习这一话题，完成教材和练习册中的听、说、写的各项任务；阅读课文 “English around the world”并联系生活中的实际进行书写练习。
二．学习指导
1．单词和习惯用语的用法
1)flight n.[C]飞行；航班
Did you have a good flight?
你乘飞机一路愉快吗？
They made a successful flight across the ocean.
他们成功地飞越了这个大洋。
a non-stop flight不着陆飞行
a round-the–world flight环球飞行
2) directly adv. 直接地；一直地；直截了当地
He looked directly at us.
他直瞪瞪地看我们。
He speaks very directly to people.
他跟人们讲话很直率。
3) majority n.[C]（大）多数
The Liberal Party has a majority in the House.
自由党在议院中占多数。
The company holds a majority of the stock.
该公司拥有大多数股份。
The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
大多数人似乎都喜欢看电视，而不喜欢听收音机。
4) native adj.本国的；本土的；n.[C]本国人；本地人；土著人
（1） adj.本国的；本土的
native customs 当地风俗
His native language is German.
他的母语是德语。
Potato is native to America.
马铃薯是美洲产的。
Many foreigners have gone native in China.
许多外国人在中国已入乡随俗。
（2） n.[C]本国人；本地人；土著人
a native of London(Wales/India/Kenya)
伦敦人（威尔士人/印度人/肯尼亚人）
5）equal adj. 相等的；同等的；平等的
Women demand equal pay for equal work.
妇女要求同工同酬。
Not all men are equal in ability.
不是所有的人都有同样的能力。
One kilometer is equal to five eighths of a mile.
一公里等于八分之五英里。
n.[C]相等的事物；（地位）相同的人
As an artist, she knows no equal.
作为艺术家，她是无以伦比的。
Let A be the equal of B.
设 A 等于 B 。
6) situation n.[U]位置，地点；地位；地势；
Measures must be taken to meet the situation.
必须采取措施以应付这种局面。
The country is in a critical situation.
国家处于紧急状态。
a dangerous situation difficult situation
困难的处境 危险的处境
economic situation sb’s financial situation
经济状况 某人的经济状况
the geographical situation a good situation
地理位置 好的形势
the international situation the domestic situation
国际形势 国内形势
7) international adj.国际的；世界的
They signed an international agreement on nuclear waste.
他们签定了关于核废料的国际协议。
International bomber international date line
洲际轰炸机 日界线
international law international call
国际公法 国际长途
international conventions
国际惯例
8) organization [C]组织，团体；机构；机制
He had been engaged in the organization of a strike.
他一直从事组织罢工工作
build up /establish/form an organization
建立起一个团体
a charity organization a commercial organization
慈善机构 商业团体
an international organization a religious organization
国际组织 宗教组织
a social organization a woman organization
社会团体 妇女组织
9) tourism n.[U]游览；观光；观光事业
Some countries obtain large sums of foreign exchange from tourism.
有些国家靠观光事业赚取大量外汇。
10) communicate vi. 交流；传递；传送
communication n. [U] 交流；传递
Deaf people communicate by sign language.
聋人用手势交流 。
The two friends haven’t communicated with each other for years.
这两个朋友已经多年没有联系了。
communicate clearly communicate directly
清楚地表达 直接交流
communicate officially (unofficially)
正式[非正式]地交流；官方[非官方]地交流
11) knowledge n. [C]知识；学识
We must broaden and enrich our knowledge.
我们必须扩展和丰富我们的知识。
He has a wide knowledge of history.
他具有丰富的历史知识。
absorb knowledge acquire knowledge
吸取知识 获得知识
accumulate knowledge demand knowledge
积累知识 需要知识
spread knowledge actual knowledge
传播知识 实际知识
all branches of knowledge background knowledge
各门学问 背景知识
common knowledge an elementary knowledge
常识 基础知识
extensive knowledge general knowledge
广阔的知识 一般知识
12）make yourself at home
请不要拘束，随便一些
13）forget to do sth.表示忘记要做某事
I forgot to tell her about it.
我忘记告诉他这事了 。
He forgot to buy a newspaper.
他忘了买报纸了。
forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事
I forgot telling her about it .
我忘记了曾把这事告诉过他。
14）in total 总共；总计
How many people took part in the activity in total ?
15) mother tongue 母语
What is your mother tongue?
Chinese is my mother tongue.
你的母语是什么？是汉语
2.语言要点
1）You must be very tired.
表示肯定推测一定正在做某事
must +be doing sth. 一定正在做某事
He must be writing a letter to his parents.
She must be waiting for him.
He must be telling lies.
Must have done sth. 对过去的事情的肯定推测
It must have rained last night.
You must have seen this play before.
注意：反义疑问句的形式
It must have rained last night, didn’t it?
He must have finished his experiment, haven’t he?
虽然Must 表示肯定推测，但mustn’t 却一定不能表推测。表示不可能的时候我们采用 can’t。
2)In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong.
除了香港以外，中国学生都把英语当成一门外语学习。
except for结构：表示对一个人或事物先做一个总体评价，然后就其局部提出一点看法，意为“除去……一点以外”，“只是……”
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
你的作文很好除了有一点拼写错误以外。
The carpet is good except for its price.
地毯很好，只是价钱太高。
Except for John, the whole class passed the test.
除了约翰以外，全班考试都通过了。
3) With so many people communicating in English every day,we can see that it will be more and important to have a good knowledge of English.
with +宾语+形容词/副词
He slept with the window open.
他开着窗户睡觉
He was working there with only a shirt on .
他只穿一件衬衫在那干活。
with+宾语+介词短语
The teacher came into the classroom with a book In his hand.
老师手里拿着书走进了教室。
with+宾语+doing
With night coming on, we started for home .夜幕降临我们就动身回家了.
The meeting ended with all singing the International.会议以全体高唱国际歌结束。
with+宾语+done
He went away without a word more spoken. 他没再说一句话就走了。
He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他站了一会，手依然举着。
With+宾语 +to do
With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.由于没有什么事可做，我便到外面去散步。
With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops.
由于所有的工作都由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。
3.语法说明
1)学习直接引语和间接引语（2）：
(1)祈使句：直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，在原祈使句前加 to 或否定的加 not to 。
人称的变化
He said , “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”
He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。
He said to me , “I’ve left my book in your room.”
他对我说：“我把书放在你的间了”
He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间了。
时态的变化：
如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时。直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。
直接引语转换成间接引语时态的变化 例 句
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去完成时不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
He said , “I’m afraid I can’t finish this work”
He said , “I’m using the knife”
She said, “I have not heard from him since May .”
He said , “I came to help you.”
He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”
Zhou Lan said, “I ‘ll do it after class” He said that he was he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work.
He said that he was using the knife.
She said that she had not heard from him since May.
He said that he had come to help me.
He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.
指示代词,时间状语和动词的变化
直接引语转换成间接引语的变化 例 句
直接引语 间接引语
This that
这个 那个
these those
这些 那些
now then
现在 那时
today that day
今天 那天
yesterday the day before
昨天 前一天
tomorrow the next (following) day 第二天
here there
这里 那里
come go
来 去
She said , “I will come this morning”
He said , “These books are mine.”
He said , “It is nine o’clock now.”
He said , “I haven’t seen her today.”
She said , “I went there yesterday.”
She said , “I’ll go there tomorrow.”
He said , “My sister was here three days ago.”
She said , “I will come here this evening.”
She said that she would go that morning
He said that those books were his .
He said that it was nine o’clock then.
He said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
She said that she had gone there the day before
She said that she would go there the next (following )day.
He said that his sister had been there three days before.
She said that she would go there that evening.
注：直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
He said , “Light travels much faster than sound.”
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
2)代词用法复习：
种类：人称代词 、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词、
用法：物主代词
形容词性物主代词有：
my your his her its our your their 一般作定语。
名词性物主代词有：
mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs一般作主语宾语和表语。
反身代词:
myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves一般作宾语、表语、同位语
指示代词
英语中的指示代词有 this that these those it
such same等指示代词一般作主语、宾语、表语和定语
注意：一般指以后要说的事，this是对下文而言。而 that 一般指已说的人和事物，对上文而言。
疑问代词：
疑问代词有 who whom whose what which whoever whatever whichever .疑问代词一般位于句首，构成特殊疑问句。
不定代词
不定代词有 both、either、neither、all、none、each、every、some 、any、another、other、no
both表示两个人或事物（所修饰词和谓语动词为复数形式）具有形容词和代词的特征，可做主语、宾语、定语和同位语
either表示两者中的一个，这个或那个，所修饰的谓语动词为单数。具有形容词和代词的特征，可作主语、宾语和定语
注意： 还可作副词在否定句中意思是“也”
Neither 表示两者中的任何一个也不，所修饰词和谓语动词为单数，具有形容词和代词的特征，可作主语、宾语和定语
all 表示三者以上的人或事物译为全体或都，所修饰词和谓语动词为复数。
注意：有时表示不可数的东西，谓语动词用单数。
none 表示没有一个人和东西的意思，多表三者以上的人或事物。只有代词特征，故不能作定语。可作主语（如想到所有人的情况，谓语动词用复数形式，如谈每个人的情况，谓语动词用单数形式），还可做宾语和同位语。如:
None of us are perfect.
None of them has that kind of experience.
A friend to all is a friend to none.
We none of us said anything.
No 这一不定代词是没有的意思，只有形容词的特征，只能作定语。
Time waits for no man.
No man is born wise.
It’s no trouble at all.
each 表示每一、各、各自的意思。具有形容词和代词的特征，所修饰词和谓语动词为单数形式。可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。如：
Each of us has something to say on the subject.
Each of the rooms is sixteen feet square.
Our class teacher had a talk with each of us .
Each month we had a meeting .
We each have an English book.
every 是每一个的意思，具有形容词的特征，只能作定语。如：
Every room is bright and tidy.
We have an English class every day.
注意：all every both 的句子中如有not 出现，为部分否定；如表示全部否定含义则需使用 none 或 neither
Not all the animals hibernate in winter.
不是所有的动物都在冬天冬眠。
2）Both of us are not diligent。
我们不都勤奋。
3）Every boy isn’t here .
不是所有的男孩儿都在这。
4）None of them are here.
他们都不在这。
any和 some 意思是一些、任何，可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。 通常用于疑问句、
否定句和条件句。
I have some questions.
There is some water in the bottle.
If you have any questions, please ask.
注意：但在疑问句中表示问对方想吃什么时，通常用some.另外some 修饰单数可数名词。译为：某一、某个
other 意思是“另外的 ”，作定语，表示两个人或事物通常用 one…the other 。others 是 other 的复数形式，等于other 加复数名词，译为剩下的或其他的。如果表示剩下的所有的，则前面加 “the”
He has two sons; one is a work ,the other is a doctor.
Some students went to the street and others stayed at school.
There are forty students in our class. Ten of them are girls the others are boys.
三、课文理解 根据课文内容判断正误（True or False）
( )1.Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom, the United states of America, Canada, Australia, South Korea ,and Ireland.
( )2.In total, for less than 375 million people English is their native language
( )3.Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English.
( )4.In only 20 years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
( )5.Businessman and tourists who come to China often come here being able to speak Chinese well.
四．语法知识训练：
A. 把下列直接引语的句子变成间接引语。
1．“Bob, be sure to lock the window before you go to bed. ” mother said.
2． The teacher told his students, “watch me carefully when I do this experiment.”
3．“Please pass me the sugar” Mary asked her sister.
4．“Don’t forget to turn off lights before you leave the room.” Mrs. Green told her son.
5．“Please don’t go to school until you have no fever” the doctor said to the patient.
6．“Don’t drink too much.” The wife asked her husband.
7． He said , “Don’t look out of the windows while the train is moving.
8．“Could you please show me how to use the computer,” he asked.
9． The teacher said to us, “The earth is round.”
10．Mr. Wu often says, “You must speak English as often as possible.”
11．“I prefer maths to physics.” he said.
12．“Are you interested in history and biology?” she asked them.
13．“How often do you visit your home village?” I asked him.
14. He said to us, “Follow your teacher’s instructions”
15．“Don’t punish the children.” the woman said to him.
B．用代词填空
16． Lao Li is my good friend. He thinks more of ______than
----.（他总是考虑别人比自己多）
17． Doesn’t she feel lonely all by ________? （难道她一个人不感觉孤独吗？）
18． Do they have great concern for _____work? (他们彼此关心对方的工作吗？)
19．____who want to go to the cinema may sign up here.
(那些想要去看电影的人可以在这里签名)
20． ________ of the answers is right.（这两个答案中没有一个答案是对的 ）
21． Everything _____ ready and all _______ eager to enjoy the Christmas party?
（所有的事情都已经准备好了，所有的人都在渴望着圣诞晚会。）
22． Please help ______ to some fish. (请随便吃一些鱼)
23． After he came to ______, he tried to rise to his feet.
(在他苏醒以后，他想努力站起来。)
24． Because of my poor English, I am afraid I can’t make_____ understood in English.
（因为我的英语不好，我恐怕不能让别人明白我的意思）
25． Let’s exchange _________ gifts.（让我们彼此交换礼物）
26． We are going to stay at _____ hotel as we did last year.
（我们将呆在去年住的同一所旅馆里）
27． My parents _____ in on Sunday evening.
（我们父母亲在周日晚上都在家了）
28． _______ of us is perfect, we all may make some mistakes.
（我们没有一个人是完美的，我们都会犯一些错误。）
29． One of his parents is a doctor._____ is an engineer.
（他的父母一位是医生，另一位是工程师。）
30． Some people like to stay at home on Sunday, but ______ like to go to the cinema.
（一些人在周日喜欢呆在家里，而另外一些人却喜欢去电影院）
五．综合知识训练
I.基础知识运用
A．单向选择
1 Women were engaged in the strike for ________ pay with man .
A. right B. high C. equal D. value
2 Can you tell us some ________ customs in your country? I am deeply interested in it.
A. popular B. wonderful C. native D. advanced
3. Besides the major, you should also consider your financial _______.
A. organization B. situation C. reputation D. support
4．According to ______ conventions, the meeting will be held every other year.
A. common B. ordinary C. international D. special
5．Thailand obtain large sums of foreign exchange from _________.
A. industry B. agriculture C. advertisements D. tourism
6．The two friends haven’t _____ with each other for years.
A. talk B. tell C. speak D. communicate
7.Studying is a process of ___________ knowledge.
A．remembering B. accumulating C. demanding D. spreading
8. The carpet is very good ______ its colour.
A. besides B. except that C. except for D. but
9. Those reformers always pay close attention to ________ development.
A. globe B. global C. the earth’s D. rapid
10.______cars were parked outside the school.
A．The big number of B. The large number of
C．big number D.A large number of
将下列英语译成英语
11. 你乘飞机一路愉快吗？
__________________________________
12. 她跟人们讲话很直率
__________________________________
13. 该公司拥有大多数股份
__________________________________
14. 大多数人都喜欢看电视，而不喜欢听收音机。
__________________________________
15. 并非所有的人都有同样的能力。
__________________________________
16. 必须采取措施以应付这种局面。
__________________________________
17. 聋人用手势交流。
__________________________________
18. 我们必须扩展和丰富我们的知识。
__________________________________
19. 我忘了去邮信了。
__________________________________
20. 除了有一些拼写错误以外，你的作文写的很好。
__________________________________
II.完形填空：
Paul had long promised to marry Clara, but at thirty –three he met and married Alice. Clara was made (21)d______ in this way.
Paul was taken before a judge. And he had to pay 600 pounds because of the broken promise. Paul had (22)b______ the money. He agreed to pay back 5 pounds a month.
Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. They worked very hard,(23)n_______ taking a holiday .In time, there were seven mouths in the family.
The years of hard work and little food changed the family so much. After 12 years of family time , Paul was alone in the world . And the 20 years ended, Paul paid off all the debts.
One day it was a holiday, he went to the park. He sat down on a seat . A middle- aged woman came and sat down near him. It was (24) C_______. She said, “The 600 pounds has been in a bank since the day it was paid to me, Paul. It is now 6000 pounds, and I have kept it for you .Will you let me share it with you?”
“No,”said Paul. “Each thousand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring me any (25)h______.”
III.阅读理解：
A
In the 20th century many new nations have been set up. Though their people
may be free to vote and to elect their leaders, yet unjust opinions, unusual and harmful customs take a long time to die out.
There was a good example of this recently. In a newly republic when a girl of
fourteen refused to marry a sixty-year-old man who had bought her for 40 pounds. Her father had agreed to the marriage when the girl was only four years old and had sold her to a man who already had at least six wives .Just before the marriage ceremony, the girl ran away and wrote to the president of the republic. In her letter, she pointed out that although her country was independent, its people were still not truly free. Some human beings were like slaves, she said, and women could be bought and sold like cows or sheep. She asked the president if he thought this was
right. The president felt sorry for her and he immediately changed the cruel law which allowed women to be bought and sold.
In a way ,the girl had won a victory but she still had a big problem. She
had to find 40 pounds to repay the man who might have become her husband. There seemed to be n way of finding so much money. Luckily, however, the girl’s story was told on a radio program in Europe and nearly 2,000 pounds poured in from listeners. The buyer got his money back and the girl was free to marry anyone she chose. She had true freedom for herself and for others like her.
根据短文内容判断正误（True or False）。
( )26. In most countries, unjust opinions and harmful customs died out easily
( )27. A girl of fourteen in a newly founded country refused to attend the old man’s
marry the man much older than her.
( )28. Upon receiving the girl’s letter, the president of the country helped her father repay the man.
( )29. Before the republic was founded, most women there were freely bought and sold.
( )30. In the end, the girl was free to marry anyone but was in debt.
B
Foreign language are widely taught. In every big city in the United States,
as well as in most small and middle-sized cities, you can find instruction in at least seven foreign languages. Of course, the so-called commonly taught languages ,such as French, Spanish, and German are popular. Finding more exotic language may be more difficult, however, and in such cases, you may wish to consider some form of self-instruction. The National Association of Self –Instructional Language Programmes(NASLP) has a large network of instructions that offer self-study programs in many uncommonly taught languages. Your local librarian should know hoe t get in touch with this organization.
根据短文内容判断正误（True or False）。
( )31. People in middle-sized towns in the United States learn a foreign language
( )32. French, Spanish, Japanese are popular for people to learn in the United States.
( )33. The word “exotic ” perhaps means unusual.
( )34. NASLP is an organization to help people find job.
( )35. Your local librarian can tell you how to learn a foreign language.
C
Nearly three-quarters of adult American believe it is important or very
important to speak a second language ,according to a Sunday newspaper survey.
The most popular second language was Spanish, studied by 54 percent, and
French ,studied by 34 percent. Latin and German followed with 11 percent and 9 percent.
The most popular way to learn a second language was living where a language is
spoken(33 percent),teaching oneself with a book(30 percent),listening to tapes (24 percent),taking private lessons (11 percent), and using an electronic translator (6 percent).
The vast majority ,87 percent of answer-sheets said they believed it was “never
too late ” to learn a second language, the CNN/US News found.
36. About three-fourths grown-ups in America think it ____ to speak a second language.
A. easy B. important C. difficult D. possible
37. Which one is the most popular foreign in America?
A. French B. Spanish C. Chinese D. German
38. Most people believe the best way to learn a foreign language is ____
A. listening to the recorder B. teaching himself
C. speaking to foreigners D. living where a language is spoken
39. It seems that most ____learn a second language in America.
A. children B. elders C. women D. grown-ups
40. Many people think that _____.
A. only old people can learn a second language
B. old people can not learn a second language
C. any one can learn a second language anytime
D. one should stop learning a second language when he is old
D
When a child enters school, he will learn many different kinds of skills. For example, he will learn to speak correctly, to read well, and to behave properly .One of the most important skills that he must get is good handwriting.
There are two main ways in which the language is written by hand. The first form is called printing. It looks much like the letters in this book. The letters have simple lines or cursive. They are not corrected. The second method of writing is called cursive. Cursive letters are slanted to one side. They are usually connected. Printing is usually learned before cursive writing.
Each person has a unique cursive writing which is difficult to copy exactly. Fro example, it is difficult to forge a person’s signature on a check. Some people believe that your handwriting shows a lot about your personality .The study of predicting a person’s character of personality from handwriting is called graphology.
41. According to the passage__________.
A. printing letters are never slanted
B. printing letters are only used in books
C. cursive writing is easier to learn
D. cursive writing is more difficult than printing
42. Writing which is not connected is called ________.
A. cursive writing B. printing
C. graphology D. signature
43. From this passage,we may conclude that ____.
A. printing is more beautiful than cursive writing
B. predicting personality is rather easy
C. cursive writing is not easy to forge
D. a good person must write well
44. Graphology deals with the connection between a person’s handwriting and the way that person______.
A. speaks B. writes C. learns D. acts
45.A good title for this passage is _____.
A.HANDRITING B.SPEAKINGANDWRITING
C.HANDWRITINGAND PERSONALITY D. A UNIQUE CURSIVEWRITING
VI.单句改错：
46. Why your brother have to have a rope around his neck when he goes out for a walk with you?
47. Thomas joined in the army last year.
48. American is a highly developed country.
49. Driving is also great importance.
50. If you’ve past the driving test after learning, you can drive the real car.
51. There must be grown-up who has a driver’s license beside you.
52. They were tiring after a long day’s hard work.
53. They filled their cares with fruit, vegetables and sheeps.
54. They returned back in the evening with some money and perhaps a present for their children.
55. That evening on TV, I heard that the old woman was bad injured in the leg.
V.书面表达：
请根据下列提示，写一篇题目为“Computers ”的文章。
电脑出现于20世纪初。当时的电脑很庞大，能占一间房子。而且运算速度也很慢；
随着时间的推移，电脑越来越小，运算越来越快，存储的信息也越来越多；
在21世纪，随着网络的发展，人们之间的交流更方便了。我们在网上交谈，发送电子邮件，而且还可以查阅我们所需要的信息。
字数：120词左右
Unit 2
三、课文理解 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F
四、语法训练
1. Mother told Bob to be sure to lock the door before he go to bed.
2. The teacher asked his students to watch him carefully when he did that experiment.
3. Mary asked her sister to pass her the sugar.
4. Mrs. Green told her son not to forget to turn off lights before he left the room.
5. The doctor asked the patient not to go to school until he had no fever.
6. The wife asked her husband not to drink too much.
7. He asked the passengers not to look out of the windows when the train was moving.
8. He asked me if I could show him how to use the computer.
9. The teacher told the students that the earth is round.
10.Mr Wu often tells me that I must speak English as often as possible.
11.He said that he preferred maths to physics.
12.She asked them if they were interested in history and biology.
13.I asked him how often he visited his home village.
14.He told us to follow my teacher’s instructions.
15.The woman told him net to punish the children.
16. others himself 17. herself 18. one another’s 19. Those 20.Neither
21. is…are 22. yourself 23. himself 24. myself 25. each other’s
26. the same 27. were both 28. None 29. the other 30. others
五、综合训练
I.基础知识运用
A. 1---5 CCBCD 6---10 DBCBD
B. 11. Did you have a good flight?
12. She speaks very directly to people.
13. The company holds a majority of the stock.
14. The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
15. Not all men are equal in ability.
16. Measures must be taken to meet the situation.
17. Deaf people communicate by sign language.
18. We must broaden and enrich our knowledge.
19. I forgot to post the letter.
20. Except for spelling mistakes, your composition is good.
II.完形填空
21. disappointed 22. borrowed 23. never 24. Clara 25. happiness
III. 阅读理解
26---30 FFFTF 31---35 FFTFF
36---40 BBDDC 41---45 DBCDA
IV. 单句改错
1. does 2. in 3. American ---America 4. of加在 great前 5. past--- pass
6. a 加在grown-up 前7. tiring---tired 8. sheeps ---sheep 9. back
10. bad---badly
V.书面表达
Computers are more and more popular nowadays. The computer was first invented in the early 20th century. The computer at that time was very large and took up much room. Besides the speed was very slow.
As time went on, the computer was smaller and smaller. The speed is faster than ever before. More information can be stored in it.
Now with the appearance of the Internet, we can communicate with others conveniently. People can use a computer to make a phone call, and can talk to each other on the net. What is the most important to us students is to look up information.
篇8：Unit 2 English Around the World
Lesson1
Step 1 Presentation
Get the students have an general idea about the differences between American and British English by playing a tape of various people’s talking. Ask them what countries they think these people come from.
Step 2 Warming Up
Get the students to look at the picture and ask the questions: What do you think Joe is looking for in the bathroom? Why can’t he find it?
Step 3 Reading
Ask the students to read the dialogue carefully in part 1. Then get the students to think: What is it that causes the misunderstanding between Joe and the landlady, Nancy? If necessary, explain some language points.
Step 4 Speaking
Ask the students to read the dialogue in the part SPEAKING to learn more differences between the British and American English. Then complete the following sentences as well.
Step 5 Practice
Ask the students to make a similar dialogue.
Step 6 Listening
Listen to the tape and fill the blanks in the part LISTENING.
Step 7 Homework
Finish exercise1 on page 91 in the TALKING part.
Lesson2
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework.
Step 2 Presentation
Show the students some pictures in different situations in order to get them know everywhere English is needed.
Step 3 Reading
Ask the students to read the text. And find the topic sentence in each paragraph.
Step 4 Post-Reading
Ask the students to answer the questions in the part POST-READING. If necessary, explain some language points. Then according to what they have read, get them to fill in the blanks in the following exerecise2.
Step 5 Homework
Finish exercise in the part PRACTISING in their workbooks..
Lesson 3
Step 1.Revision
Check the home work.
Step 2 Word Study
Ask the students to match the words on the left with their meaning on the right.
Step 3 Grammar
Ask the students to say something about the differences between a command and a request. Then tell which is a command and which is a request.
Step 4 Practice
Let the students to change the sentences into Direct Speech. And then finish exercise 3 in the same part.
Step 5 Workbook
If times permits, ask the students to finish the exercise2 in their workbooks in part Grammar.
Step 6 Homework
Review the last part what is Direct Speech and what is Indirect Speech.
Lesson 4
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework. by doing exercise 1 in part Grammar in the workbook..
Step 2 Presentation
Play a tape of various people’s talking. Ask which is from England and which from America. How do they tell? In this way draw the students’ attention to the difference on the pronunciation.
Step 3 Reading
Ask the students to read the text and be prepared for one question how come the difference between the American English and the British English. Explain some language points if necessary.
Ask the students to read the text again carefully and finish the exercise on page 13.
Step 4 Retelling
Ask the students to say something about the difference between the American English and the British English according to what they just learned.
Step 5 Specific Reading
Students read the paragraph about American English and fill in the chart on page 14.
Step 6 Homework
Ask the students to write a short passage about the dialects in Chinese. They can use the text as a simple.
篇9：人教版 高一Unit 2 English around the world要点讲解
第二单元English around the world
重点句型：
1）While
一、while意为\“当......时候\”,指一段时间,不能用来表示一个时间点。
Someone knocked at the door while I was cooking.
While the discussion was still going on, George came in. 当讨论还在进行时,乔治走了进来。
二、while意为\“而;然而\”,表示转折。可以用作并列连词，表示对比意义，译为“而”，“却”。
Jane was dressed in blue, while Mary dressed in red. 珍妮穿蓝色衣服，而玛丽却穿红色衣服。
三、while意为\“虽然;尽管\”,表示让步。=although
While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 尽管我承认他的优点,但我还是能看到他的缺点。
四、while意为\“只要\”,表示条件。
We can surely overcome these difficulties while we are closely united. 只要我们紧密地团结一致,一定能克服这些困难。
五、while从句中的省略。
当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致,且含有be的某种形式时,从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。
While listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 她在听收音机时睡着了。
While in London, he studied music and painting. 在伦敦时,他学习音乐和绘画。
While on his way here,在来这里的途中
He never dreams while asleep.他睡觉时总来不做梦。
六、while还可以用作从属连词，作“在……期间”，“当……时候”讲，使用时应注意它与用作从属连词的when的区别：
when引导的时间状语从句，即可表示“一段时间”，又可表示“一点时间”，因此从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。如：
①I hope to see you when(while)I stay in Beijing on business. (一段时间)当我出差北京时，希望见到你。
②When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out. (一点时间)当钟敲响十二下时，灯全部熄灭了。
【注意】while引导的时间状语从句只能表示“一段时间”所以 while从句的谓语动词应是延续性动词(或状态动词)。例如：
①While I stayed(or was) in Shanghai, I saw her three times. 我在上海期间见到她三次。
如果从句的谓语动词是延续性的，可以用while也可以用when。例如：
②While(When) we were having a meeting, a stranger came in. 我们在开会时，一个陌生人走了进来。
七、while可用作名词,意为\“一会儿;一段时间\”。
作名词用时,主要用于短语中:
1. all the while一直，始终
2. all this(long) while长久,这阵子all this time；有好久for a long time
3. after a while过了一会儿
4. a short/little while ago方才
5. for a while=for a moment一会儿
6. in a little while不久, 没一会儿
7. between whiles时时；时常
8. once in a while=sometimes偶尔,间或
9. at whiles有时, 时常
10. every little while (=at whiles)有时, 时常
11. it’s worth (sb.’s) while to do(doing) sth.值得做
12. while the time away 消磨时间[while v.=pass]
13. make it worth your while=pay(you)
I haven\'t seen her for a long while.我好久没有看见她了。
Where have you been all this while?这一阵子你到哪去了?
He usually goes to work by bike, but once in a while he goes by bus. 他通常骑自行车上班,但偶尔也乘公共汽车。
I looked everywhere for the letter, but it was in my pocket all the while. 我到处找那封信,却不知它一直在我口袋里。
2）What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom?
用It is／was…that／who…句型表示强调。
被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。例如：
He met an old friend in the park yesterday. 他昨天在公园碰见一个老朋友。
上述句子可以通过强调句型对除谓语以外的不同成分进行强调。如：
It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday. (强调主语)
It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday. (强调宾语)
It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday. (强调地点状语)
It was yesterday that he met an old friend in he park. (强调时间状语)
如果强调的是特殊疑问句，要用“特殊疑问词+is/was + it + that +…”结构，表示“究竟是谁……，到底在哪里……”等等。例如：
1. It is from the sun that we get light and heat.
2. It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.
3. It was playing computer games that took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lesson.
4. Who was it that you want to see? 你究竟想见谁？
5. Where was it that you saw the teacher? 你到底在哪里看见老师的？
6. How was it that you found out the accident which happened a month ago?
7. Where was it that you met the foreigner from Canada ?
8. Why is it that you want to change your mind? 你究竟为什么要改变主意？
9. What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom?乔治在浴室里找不到的是什么？
3）Businessmen and tourist often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.来中国的商人和游客往往都不会说汉语。
1. Her face was without expression.她的脸上没有表情。
2. he went out without being seen by the others.他走了出去，没有被人看见。
3. He left the room without a word.他一句话没说就走出房间。
4. We will have to begin without you.我们只好不等你来就开始了。
5. I can't do it without your help. 没有你的帮助，我不能做这件事
6. Please don't leave without me.请让我和你一起去。
7. He can’t speak English without making mistakes.他一讲英语就出错。
8. They never meet without quarreling.他们一见面就要吵嘴。
9. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
10. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.不犯错误者一事无成。
11. Nothing so bad but might have been worse.塞翁失马，焉知福祸。
12. Nothing is so certain as the unexpected.天有不测风云。人有旦夕祸福。
13.
4）复合宾语
1.with + O. + doing(phrase)
She felt very nervous with so many people looking at her.这么多人瞧着她，她感到非常紧张。（原因状语）
With everyone supporting us we will certainly succeed.大家都支持我们，我们一定能成功。（条件状语）
He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky, lost in deep thought.他躺在那儿，眼望天空，陷入了深思。
2. with + O. + done( phrase)
With all work done, they went home.全部工作做好了，他们就回家去了。（原因状语）
The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.小偷被反绑的手带来。
3.with + O. + to do to do 表示目的、或者将发生、未发生的事
We arrived at the station, with five minutes to go before the last train left.在末班车还有五分钟开车的时候我们来到了车站。（时间状语）
With those tractors to help them, the peasants will finish working on the land.有了那些拖拉机的帮助，农民人就能干完地里的活。（条件状语）
I can’t go out with all these dishes to wash.我有这么多盘只要洗不能出去。
4. with + O. + prep. phrase
The guards stood at the gate with guns in their hands.卫兵持枪站在大门口。（方式状语）
To my surprise, I saw her with a splendid necklace around her neck today.使我惊奇的是，我看见她今天脖子上带着一条光彩夺目的项链。（宾语补足语）
The teacher came in with some books under his arm.老师j夹着几本书走了进来。
5. with + O. + adj.
He sleeps with the windows open even in winter.即使在冬天她也开着窗户睡觉。（方式状语）
With the weather hot, most of the people can’t sleep at night.由于天气太热，许多人晚上睡不着觉。（原因状语）
Don not talk with your mouth full.嘴里塞满东西的时候不要讲话。
6. with + O. + adv.
He remained silent with his head down.他低着头一言不发。
He went out with his hat on.他戴着帽子出去了。
Do you know the man with no hat on?你认识那个没在帽子的人吗？（定语）
With the breakfast over, the boy hurried to school.吃完早饭，男孩子匆忙去上学。
7. with + O. + n.
He was carried into the hospital, with his face a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬进医院时，面部血肉模糊。
The brave man fought the tiger with a stick his only weapon.这位勇士与老虎搏斗时，一根木棍是他唯一的武器。
Having finished his homework, he went out to play.
= With the homework done, he went out to play.
=The homework done, he went out to play.
= after he had finished his homework, he went out to play.她做完功课后便出去玩了。
1. With lots of waste water to be poured, the drinking water will be badly polluted.
2. With his mother helping him, he is getting on well with his work
3. Tom is coming. With him to help me, I’m sure I will finish the work on time.
4. With your help, I have made rapid progress in my English study.
5. The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes fixed on the wall.
6. With so much electrical equipment, wood and water in one place, there is a danger of fire.
7. For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single pant or tree in sight.
8. With the 28th Olympics held in Athens over, all players from different countries were prepared to return to their own home land.
9. The programs put on last night, of which this was one example, were all well played.
5）that’s why---那就是……的原因[实际上表示结果]
that’s because ---那是因为---[从句表示一种动作或状态的根本原因]
He didn’t study hard. That was why he failed in the exam.
He failed in the exam. That was because he didn’t study hard.
The reason why he hasn’t come is that he has to send his mother to hospital.
Don’t make the same mistake as you did last time.
I want to use the same hammer I used yesterday.
She is the same woman who came last week.她与上周来的那位妇女是同一个人。
I don’t like such books he likes.我不喜欢他喜欢的那些书。
the same as = the same + (n.)+ as
the same as/the same…as 和……一样
same 前面必须加定冠词the; as 表示“与……, 和……”,不能用with 或like。例如:
My dictionary is the same as yours. 我的字典跟你的一样。
We will do the same experiment as they did yesterday.
我们将做和他们昨天做的一样的实验。
注意区别下面的句子:
This is the same pen as he lost. 这支钢笔跟他丢的那支
钢笔一样。
This is the same pen that he lost. 这就是他丢的那支钢笔。
the same as 表示“同样的”，the same that 表示“同一的”。
Mary looks the same as before. Mary和以前看上去一样
He is about the same age as my father.他们和我父亲岁数一样大。
Just as
He came just as I was leaving.我正要走，他来了。
It is just as you said.事情正像你说的那样。
Electricity flows along a wire just as water flows through a pipe.
You must be very hungry now.
She must be waiting for me.
It must have rained last night.
6）“除...外... ”表达辨析 except for, except, except that, but, besides 和 apart from 的中文意思均为“除...外”，但其具体用法不尽相同。
except （排它的含义）; besides （附加的含义）
except for 不是同类事物 except 为同一类事物
1．besides 除……以外，（还有）。作副词时意思是“而且，更何况”。
Well all went to the cinema besides Tom.除了Tom外，我们都去了电影院。
It was too late to see a film, and besides, I was tired.
②except除去，除……之外（不再有）。
We all went except John.我们都去了，约翰没有。
He has always been in good health except in the past days.他一向都是很健康的，这几天除外。
He never came except when he was in trouble.除了遇到麻烦，否则他总也不来。
在否定句中，两词可以换用，如：
He has no other hats except / besides this one.
③except for除了……（对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明）后接名词、代词或what从句，此时与except that + 句子意思相同。
The road was empty except for a few cars.除了几辆车外，这条路空荡荡的。
He was very clever except for carelessness.
He is a good man except for hot temper.=He is a good man except that he has hot temper.他是个好人，除了脾气不好而已。
④except that … 除了……一点以外。
He has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.
⑤but与except
but和except在表示“除了……以外”时可以通用，但应注意以下三点：
①前面有不定人词、疑问代词在意义上对称时，多用but。
All but one are here.
Nobody but I likes making model ships.
②后接不定式短语为排除对象时，多用but。
He has nothing to do but wait.（前有do,后省to）
③but与一些固定结构连用。
have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事，can not but do sth.不得不,can not help but do sth.不得不……，but for … 如不是……
1.except for: 用于非同类事物，它的宾语与前述对象完全是两回事。
例如： The room was very cold and, except for Jack, entirely empty. 这个房间很阴冷，而且除了杰克，完全是空荡荡的。 本句中，前述对象是“房间”，而除去的对象是“Jack”，两者毫无关系。
2.except:指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分，强调的是除去。
如： He gets up early everyday except Sunday. 除星期天外，他每天早起。
有时except与except for可以换用，
如： Except for(=except) John, the whole class passed the test. 全班同学除约翰外，全都通过了考试。
3.表达的语意与except近似，只是后面要跟从句。
如： He has always been in good health except that he has had a slight headache in the past few days.除了在过去几天里有些头痛之外，他身体一直很好。
4.but:常可与 except互换，强调“不在其中”。
例如： Everyone attended the meeting but Mary. 大家都出席了这次会议，但玛丽不在其列。
5.besides:强调“除此之外，还包括”。
She can speak French and Japanese besides English. 除英语外，她还会讲法语和日语。
6.apart from:其含义主要依据上下文而定，有时可与except换用，有时可代替besides.
Apart from the coat, the hat doesn't suit me. 除价钱太贵，这帽子也不适合我戴。
but 经常用在下列词之后：
i. any(+n.), anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere
ii. every(+n.),everything, everyone, everybody,everywhere
iii. no(+n.) nothing, no one, nobody, nowhere
iv. what who where
v. all
but 和except 后面可接不定式，当前有动词do; does; did时，不定式符号to 省去，反之，则一般带to.
除外
There are ten people in the queue apart from me.除我之外，还有十人在排队。
Hiking is good exercise as well as fun.徒步旅行除了好玩外，还是很好的运动。
There is no one here but me.这儿除我外，在无其他人。
Expecting Sunday the stores are open daily.
His composition is good, expect for some spelling mistakes.
I know nothing with the exception of what I read in the papers.除了我在报纸上所读之外，其余一无所知。
In addition to these English, he has to study a second foreign language.第二外语
Do you have any special interests other than your job?除了工作之外，你还有其他特殊兴趣吗？
7）first time first of all“首先，最初，首要” 用来强调中重要性；at first”起初，当初”用来强调时间发生的顺序或时间的先后
1． They were invited to an important meeting for the first time.
2． For the first time in his life, he read this kind of horrible book.有生以来第一次，
3． The first time I met him, he was a young man.l.我第一次见到他时，
4． This is the first time that he has left home.这是他第一次离开家。
5． It was the third time you had visited our school.
6． It is (high,about) time you had your breakfast.你该吃早饭了。
7． By the time 到……时候I had been there for two hours by the time you arrived./I will have finished my work by the time(that)you come back.
8． I had no time to finish my homework.
9． It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed.=It’s time for children to go to bed.
10． Each time he came to my city, he would call on me. [every time]
11． By this time到此刻；到现在
12． Every time 1.每次，总是2.无论何时，每当3.毫无例外地，当然
13． Each time每当/next time下次/any time任何时候/the second time第二次+从句 [例如] The second time we met, he replied to many questions./I will lend you the book any time you like.
14． For the time being 暂且；暂时；眼下
15． For a time = for the time being一度，暂时[用于过去时态
16． For some time=for a period of time表示动作持续的“一段时间”
17． From time to time =At times有时；间或= sometimes = now and then=occasionally不时；间或；偶尔now and then 1.not often, occasionally有时候 2.from time to time时常 irregularly, on and off，off and on
18． all the time 1.(在该时间内)一直continuously 2.always向来，一向at all times, first and last
8）They must have finished the second book by the end of last month, hadn’t they?
He must be in the room, isn’t he?
He must have gone to Beijing, hasn’t he?
He must be waiting for me.
a number of ; the number of
a number of + 复数可数名词”作主语时，如果说话人把此结构当作集合体看待，谓语动词也可用单数形式。
A number of new products have(has) been successfully trial-produced.许多新产品已经试制成功。
A number of students are(is) absent today. 今天有些学生缺席。
A large number books is(are) lent at the library every day.图书馆每天借出许许多多的书。
An increasing number of students has made use of the library.更多的学生使用了图书馆。
“the number of + 复数可数名词”作主语，指数量的总和时，谓语动词应用单数单，但当前面有形容词的比较级和最高级时，谓语动词也可以用复数
The largest number of lakes are in Hubei. 湖北省的湖泊最多.
The greater number of them are vilely housed.他们大多数是通过卑鄙手段获得房子的。
9）
the majority of people 大多数人
most students
most of the students
mostly young
1. the majority of + n. 名词单数动词单数/名词复数动词复数 [minority少数]
2. the majority 做主语，动词或单或复数
3. The majority of students is good.[整体]
4. The majority of students are playing on the ground.[个体]
5. a thin majority of 50 votes50票的微弱多数
6. be in majority占多数
10）
a great/good many: a large number of许多。修饰可数名词复数。
I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有很多事要做。
若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时应加of .
①A great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多书了。
②A great many of them are out of work.他们很多人失业了。
a great many = a good many = many
a good/great many = a good few +
many a good student = many good students= a good many good students
not a little =quite a little=much
not a few=quite a few=a good few=many
not a bit=not in the least一点也不
only a little=little
only a few=few
more or less somewhat; rather; mostly ; fairly ; nearly ;about
more or less (about,not exactly, almost,nearly) 大约,或多或少,大体上。
I have more or less succeeded and they haven't.我大体上成功了,他们还没有。
It is a mile, more or less, from his home to the school.( It is about a mile,not exactly.)
John made some mistakes on the test,but his answers were more or less right.
(He did rather well, not very poorly.
Betty believes more or less fairies.( Betty doesn’t believe fully , but more than a little.)
a great many=many=a great number of +n.(pl.)
a great many of them
a great many of the(these, those) books
a great many + 名词／of代词，这里一个固定搭配用法，作“许多”，“非常多”解（=a large number of ）. many在句中可用作形容词，也可用作代词。
例如：
A great many workers went on stride last week . 上周许多工人举行了罢工。
Now a great many of them are out of work . 现在他们当中许多人都失业了。
a great many等表示“许多”的词语
英语中有许多词语可用来表示“许多”，根据性质可分为三大类。
1)修饰可数名词复数形式的有 many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large (或great)/small number of等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。如：
①A great/good many words and expressions have come into the language from American English.美国英语中的许多单词和短语进入了这门语言。
②Many have come to visit the old temple. 许多人来是为了看看古庙。
③Quite a few people didn\'t understand this. Very few would accept it. 有许多人不明白这一点。很少有人愿意接受。
④A great/small number of new factories have been set up in my hometown. 我们家乡建立了许多新的工厂。
Many a man believes the story. 许多人都相信这个故事。 Many a time=many times许多次
A good many men believe the story.许多人都相信这个故事。
▲many和few, a few在句中可作定语、主语，但不能作表语。如只能说I have many/few books, 而不能说 My books are many/few.
▲very many相当于a great/good many, 在程度上比many要强。
▲a number of修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，the number of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
⑤A number of students have done the work well. 许多学生作业做得很好。
⑥The number of the students in our school has risen this year. 今年我们学校学生的数量上升了。
句⑤的 A number of作定语修饰主语 students。句⑥的介语短语 of the students in our school作定语，修饰前面的主语 the number, 表示特指，students 前的冠词the不能省。
2)修饰不可数名词的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：
①He has spent much/quite a little/a great deal of/a large amount of money on his new house. 他在新房子上花费了许多钱。
②Much/A great deal/Quite a little has been done to stop the noise. 已采取了许多措施来制止污染。
▲much, a great deal和 many一样，可作定语或主语，而不能作表语，我们一般说 He has much/a great deal of money, 而不说 His money is much(或a great deal)。
▲a great deal后面不接名词时，不能用介词of。
3)既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。如：
①There are a lot of/lots of people in that room. 那个房间里有许多人。
②There\'s a lot of/lots of rice in the bag. 那只口袋里有许多大米。
③They don\'t have plenty of(=enough)rooms to live in/food to eat.
他们没有足够的房间住/没有足够的食品吃。
a good[great] many很多, 相当多
as many一样多的, 同样数目的
as many again两倍的, 加倍的; 同样多的
as many as1.; 整整(一般指数目字而言) 2.接动词, 作 all who 解)凡...都...
be(one) too many for sb.胜过[优于]某人
half as many again多半倍, 一倍半
like [as] so many象许多人一样; 象同数的...一样
many a [an, another][后接单数名词]好些, 许多
many a time多次
many's the time曾有多少次
not so many as没有...那么多, 少于
Develop vt.1.发展……，使发育
He said it was right to develop heavy industry in this city.他说在这个城市发展重工业是合适的。
Having sports will develop your health.运动会增进健康。
Milk will be helpful in developing a child’s body.牛奶对孩子身体发育有帮助。
2.开发，启发
It’s important to develop the mind of students in our teaching.在我们地教学中启发学生的思维是很重要的。
We must develop our good points and overcome our shortcoming.发扬优点，克服缺点
3.产生，逐步显示出
Don’t let your children develop such a habit.别让你的孩子养成这样的习惯。
He developed an interest in gardening.他显示出对园艺的兴趣。
He developed an interest in collecting stamps.她养成了集邮的习惯。
4.冲洗
Films used to be developed in a chemist’s in the past.过去胶片常在药房中冲洗。
5II. vi.发展，发育，发达
The business is developing rapidly.生意正在快速的发展中。
An interest in cookery developed in Mary when she was ten.在玛丽十几岁的时候就有了对烹调的兴趣。
Plants develop from seeds.植物从种子长大。
Develop the friendship with sb.
Develop a business开发业务
Develop the mind启发思维
Develop the natural materials开发自然资源
Develop a film冲洗胶卷
Develop the habit of 养成……的习惯
Develop an interest in 对……产生兴趣，养成对……的兴趣
Develop into 成长为……
Develop(take)……attitude to(towards)对……采取……态度
With the development of 随着……的发展
undeveloped country 不发达国家
developing country发展中国家
a developed country发达国家
1. He developed a cough.他咳嗽了。Show signs of (illness)开始（生病）灵活翻译
2. I develoed a cold this week.这星期我感冒了。灵活翻译
3. He seems to be developing an illness.他好象要生病。灵活翻译
4. The is a motor which develops 100 horse power.这是一台100马力的发动机。灵活翻译
5. lung fever develops from flu.肺炎是由流行性感冒引起的。
6. He is developing into a good soldier.他在成长为一名好战士。
7. We must develop the nature resource of our country.我们必须开发我国的自然资源。
8. Fresh air and exercise develop healthy bodies.新鲜空气和运动有助于身体健康。
9. When will the film be developed?胶卷什么时候冲洗出来？
10.
n. 成就、事物（表示发展的结果）
Jets are a new development in aviation.喷气式飞机是航空事业上的新成就。
This is a new development in social problem.这是社会问题中的新事物。
be tired with(from)体力上的“疲劳”表示原因 因……而疲乏
be tired of (be no longer interested in )精神上的“厌倦、讨厌”；对……厌倦
be tired of厌烦、厌倦
get/be tired of厌倦于、腻烦，疲倦极了
tire sb. out“使精疲力尽”，使累坏，使疲惫”
I’m tired of persons like him.我讨厌他这样的人。
We are all tired our after a long walk.走了很长的路之后我们精疲力尽了。
I am tired with carrying these boxes.我因办这些盒子而很累。
too much 1.作主语 2. 修是不可数名词 3.
Much too 只能修饰形容词和副词的原级 much too expensive
Be too much for sb. 对……来说太
bring in : to allow or invite someone to be in a discussion, ect. 意思是“带进来”，“请进来”，“赚得”，“带来收入”。
A new topic was brought in yesterday. 昨天一个新的话题被提出来。
The newcomers brought in new customs and new habits.新来的人带来了新的习俗和习惯。
His vegetable garden brings in $ two a year.他的菜园一年可赚得500元。
They have brought in experts to advise on the project. 他们请来的专家就这项工程提意见。
His job will bring him in two thousand yuan a month.他的工作使他一个月可赚元
They have brought in a very good harvest this year.今年他们获得了好收成。
We’ll bring in a professor to give us a lecture on the difference between American English and British English. 我们准备请一位教授来给我们讲一讲美国英语和英国英语的差异。
Don’t bring Peter in .He will do nothing to help us . 不要请Peter来，他不会帮我们什么忙的。
His orchards bring(him)in ＄2000 a year . 他的果园每年可赚二千美元。
He does odd jobs that bring him in ten to twelve pounds a week . 他做零工每月可赚十至十二英镑。
14. end up结束，告终
15. end up as成为
16. end up +adj.
17. end up doing sth.
He ended up as headmaster of the school.最后他成为了这所学校的校长。
Though he worked hard, he ended up unsuccessful.虽然他很努力，但是最后仍未成功
If you don’t watch the road more carefully, you’ll end up having an accident.如果你不特别留神马路，最后总要出事故的。
stay：连系动词“保持（某种状态）”
eg. The windows stayed open all night long . 窗户整夜开着。
（2）the same … as “和……一样”
eg. She used the same pen as I（do）她用的笔和我的一样
1. stay clean/fine/young/open/single[stay=remain,keep]stay停留，暂住，耽搁，中止站住，坚持
2. stay fine/clean/open/seated/in power/
3. stay hidden隐藏起来，藏或躲起来
4. stay closed关门，不营业或不开放
5. stay fine/awake/at home/away from sb. or sth./
6. stay for supper留下来吃晚饭
7. stay in呆在家里
8. stay away外出
9. stay on 继续停留
10. stay over过夜
11. stay up熬夜，不睡觉
18. stay awake一直醒着
19. stay young一直年轻 handsome; beautiful; single一直不结婚
20. stay still静止不动
21. stay open一直开着;
22. stay up不睡, 熬夜stop up
23. stay up vi. remain out of bed (not go to bed)熬夜,坐正,坐起来，挺住not fall down
24. stay up doing sth.(伴随动作)
25. sit up doing sth.(伴随动作)
26. stop up to do sth.
27. stay at home;
28. stay the night 过夜;
29. stay with sb. 与某人呆在一起;
30. stay in在家里, 不外出; 课后留在学校里
31. stay on继续呆下去 ;继续点燃下去 ;继续处于某种状态
32. stay out呆在外, 不在家 ;呆到...的结束
33. stay out of不参与...; 不插手; 置身于...之外
The man with broad forehead stared at the boy with wide eyes.那位宽额的人睁大眼睛盯着那男孩
His taste in literature is very broad.他在文学方面的兴趣是非常广泛的。[开明的，丰富的，广博的]
Broad宽 [侧重于幅面的宽广] 如：肩、背、胸、额
Wide [侧重于两线之间的宽] 河宽 、眼睛
come about发生; (风等)改变方向; 转帆, 转航向
happen强调偶然性
take place强调必然性或按计划而发生
break out指灾难性的战争、火灾、疾病等的爆发
occur指意想不到的事情发生
How did this accident come about?这个事故是怎样发生的？
They didn’t know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样造成的。
Sometimes it is hard to tell how a quarrel comes about.有时候很难说口角是怎样引起的。
How did the differences come about ? 这些差别是怎样产生的呢？
（1）come about “发生”“造成”
eg. The police are investigating how the accident came about .
警方正调查事故是怎样发生的。
（2）happen和take place , happen to do
It happens that …
eg. ① The car accident happened under my eyes .
② I happened to meet him in the street yesterday .
③ It’ll happen that I’ll go to your university for a visit .
④ I don’t believe that the accident happened to him .
⑤ The May Fourth Movement took place in 1919 .
1. compare notes about/on sth.=talk about sth.
2. compare notes对笔记,交换意见
3. compared to/with---- 与……相比[用于句首或句尾]
4. compare A to B把A比作B
5. compare A with B A和B相比
6. make a comparison between 把---比较There is no comparison between the two.两者根本不能相比.
7. beyond compare举世无双，无可比拟
8. by comparison相比之下
9. in comparison with与……比较起来
Diffculty 不可数 “困难、费劲”
(no, much, little) difficulty
trouble
have. problem in doing
fun
a hard time
a good time
当不强调是谁有困难时,也可以用
There is (was)some difficulty in doing sth. 这一句型。例如:
There is some difficulty in teaching such little
children. 教如此小的孩子有些困难。
I can’t see any difficulty in it.我看不出这有什么难的。
I find some difficulty in learning English. 我觉得学英语有些困难。
The book is full of difficulties.这本书有许多难点
They carried on the work in spite of the difficulties.尽管有种种困难，还是把工作进行下去
Here is a difficulty for you to get over.
I don’t have much difficulty with English grammar.我在英语语法上没有多大困难。
I have great difficulty with the boss.我和老板关系很僵。
Please come in and help me out of the (a ) difficulty.请进来帮我解围。
difficulty可数名词 “难事、难题”
1. 表示“遇到困难，面对困难，克服困难”
They met with many difficulties in the project.在这项工程中，他们遇到很多困难。
The book is full of difficulties.这本书上难解之处很多。
This paper is full of difficulties.这份考据难题很多。
2. 表示经济拮据常用复数
He is having financial difficulties.它目前手头很拮据。
I’m in difficulties, so I can’t buy a new bike.我手头拮据，所以不能买辆新车。
Be in difficulty(with)遇到---困难
Without difficulty轻而一举地
With difficulty艰难的
explain sb. (sth.)
how(what etc.) to do sth.
clause
that-clause
explain to sb. that-clause
shout;mention;introduce;announce;express;say;whisper;disclose
report/introduce sth. to sb.
explain ……as……
Please explain your idea to me.
He explained how to use this machine.
why he was late for the meeting.
what this means.
that he had to leave at once.
know和know about的区别
know是vt. 后面跟名词，代词，意为“认识”“知道”指人与人之间直接的认识，了解；而know about（of）意为知道，了解关于……的情况，指间接地“了解”，或听说过某人，某物。
eg. ① I don’t know / about him . 我不认识/ 没听说过他。
② I know about（of）her , but I can’t say that I know her .
我知道有其人，但谈不上认识她。
know about = know of（知道）
hear of = hear about（听到）
learn of = learn about（得知）
speak of = speak about（说起）
talk of = talk about（谈起）
think of = think about（想到、考虑）
of 侧重提及而不涉及详细情况，不是主题。
about侧重详细情况，是议论得对象、主题。
原因状语从句表示主句动作发生的原因或理由。引导原因状语从句的连词有：because(因为)、as(由于)、since(既然)、now that(既然)等。例如：
I do it because I like it. 因为我喜欢我才干。
As(或Since、Now that)everybody has come, we can set off. 既然大家都到了，我们可以动身了。 As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.因为他诚实、谦虚，所以他的朋友们都喜欢他。
1)because、since、as、for用法区别。
用because引导的原因状语从句时，主、从句可以体现出明显的因果关系，其重点在从句的原因上。because从句所表示的原因往往是人们不知道然而很想知道的原因。可放在句首或句末，并且语气最强，是唯一能回答why问题的连词。because从句也可以在对话中单独使用。例如：
He is absent today because he is ill.他今天缺席，因为他病了。
It was because he is ill that he is absent today.正是因为他病了，才没来。
since的语气比because弱，且其引导的从句多放在句首，其原因在说话人看来已很明显，或已为听话人所熟知，全句重点在主句上。since一般译为“既然”或“由于”。例如： Let's put off the meeting till tomorrow since so many people are absent.既然这么多人没来，我们就把会推到明天吧。
as和since引导原因状语从句，其含义差别不大，只是wince比as更正式。as表示原因的语气最弱，常用于口语中。例如：
Since(或As)I was afraid, I hid myself.由于害怕，我藏了起来。
As it is raining, you'd better take a taxi.既然现在下雨了，(所以)你最好乘出租汽车。
for常用作并列连词。它引导的句子只是对其前的内容加以解释或表示由产生的结果来推断造成这种结果的理由，而不表示直接因果关系。for一般放在全句后。例如：
It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. 昨夜下雨了，今早地都湿了。
(for引导的句子不表示“因为今晨地湿，所以昨晚下雨”的直接原因)
【注意】 相反，如果将原句改写成：
The ground is wet, for(或because) it rained last night.这里for和because都表示因果关系，可交替使用。
2)because一般不与reason连用，
一般不写成：The reason he is absent from work is because he is ill.
应写成He is absent from work because he is ill.或
The reason he is absent from work is that he is ill.他没上班，是因为他生病了。
3)以as、since、now that等引导的原因状语从句可以放在主句的前面或后面。放在主句前面是为了强调主句所表示的结果；放在主句后面，则强调从句所表示的原因。例如：
As he is working hard, he is likely to succeed.由于他工作努力，所以很可能成功。
He is likely to succeed as he is working hard.他大概会成功，因为他工作努力。
in that 既然，因为(引导原因状语从句)
Critism and self瞔ritism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评与自我批评是必要的，因为能帮助我们改正错误。
now that 既然(引导原因状语从句)
since 自从；因为(引导时间和原因状语从句)
It has been only forty years since television came to control American free time. 电视开始主宰美国人的空闲时间，至今也不过才40年。
Prof. Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies. 格莱姆教授将它们命名为摩天大楼，因为它们似乎已经擦到了天。
篇10：Unit 2 English Around the World Teac
Unit 2 English Around the World Teaching Plan
Period 2 SpeakingI. Teaching Aims and Demands1. To learn about some differences between language and culture in the USA & Britain . 2. To learn to deal with language difficulties in communication. 3. To listen focusing on key words and details.II. Teaching ProceduresStep1. RevisionCheck Ss’ homework, and do the dictation.Step2. Pre-speaking[T: There are some differences between the USAand England. Now you will listen to a dialogue between David and Terry. Terry is from the USAand she is visiting England. Terry talks about some of the differences between the USAand England.]1. Listen to the tape, tick the things which Terry talks about. ( ) English language ( ) Touching ( ) Pronunciation ( ) Trains ( ) saying hello and goodbye ( ) Words ( ) Spelling ( ) Buses ( ) Parties ( ) Driving 2. Listen to the tape again and tick the right sentences ( )① Terry has a problem with English pronunciation. ( )② Terry sometimes doesn’t understand what English people are saying. ( )③ English people stand closer to each other than Americans. ( )④ In the States, touching is part of being friends with somebody. ( )⑤ In the USA and in Britain, people drive on the same side of the road. 3. Listen to the tape again and complete the sentences ①____’s ___ living in English, Terry? ②A woman said she would ___ me the next day. ③What’s ______ about that? ④Well, we say “I’ll ____ you tomorrow.” ⑤Now that sounds ____ to me! ⑥So I have to _____ not to touch people when I’m in ____.Step3. Speaking1. Listen to the tape and find how many people there are. Find what is happening between them. 2. Read the dialogue and complete the sentences. 3. Practice the dialogue in three and act it out. 4. Ask Ss to work in small groups of four, make up another dialogues, and act it out in class, using the useful expressions on page 10.Step4. Post-speakingMatch the following pairs: (1) I’ve got to go now, Goodbye. A. Thank you (2) How are you? B. Yes, please. (3) How a good weekend! C. How are you. (4) Cheers! D. You too! (5) Ah, you speak English very well. E. I’m fine. Glad to see you again. (6) Bless you! F. Yeah, see you later. (7) Take care! G. Cheers! (8) Would you have a bit more fish, please? H. Thanks. (9) See you later, alligator. I. It’s been nice talking to you, Bye. (10) Hi, long time no see. J. Same to you! 1. Listen to the tape to find the right answers. 2. Ask Ss to practice these short conversations with their partner.III. Homework1. Make up two dialogues about other languages difficulties such as pronunciation, spelling, grammar, uncertainty, misunderstanding and inability to express what they mean or want to say. 2. Preview the part of Reading .
Period3 Reading(1)I.Teaching Aims and Demands1. Get the Ss to learn about English spoken around the world 2. Improve the reading ability of the Ss, especially the skills of summarizing and scanning. 3. Encourage Ss to think and talk in English through communicative tasks and provide Ss with chances of cooperation. 4. Get the Ss to realize the importance of learning English.II.Teaching ProceduresStep1.Warming up1.(1). Show the language profile of myself Mother tongue Yuyao dialect Fluent Second language: native Putonghua Fluent Third language: foreign English Good Fourth language: foreign German A few words (2). Ask Ss to work in small groups of four，discuss and fill in group members’ language profile .Ask them to discuss in what situations they use the foreign languages.(e.g. listening to pop songs, accessing software and web sites, chat rooms, reading packages of products, etc) (3) Ask some groups to report. 2. Introduce some terms : mother tongue, native speak, L1, ESL, EFL (see the teacher’s book in P35--36) Step2 While-reading1.SkimmingAsk Ss to read through the passage and summarize the main idea of each paragraph.2.Scanning(1) Ask Ss listen to the tape and fill in the form (2) Ask Ss to work in pairs to discuss (3) Check the answer Number of speakers example of countries working situation The native language The second language The foreign language3.Carefully reading(1) Explain some words and expressions.(total, in total, equal, except, except for, except that, majority, communicate, etc) ---see the teacher’s book in P28―29,P34―35 (2) Analyze some complex sentences (3) Sum up the textEnglishUsed in spoken as learned as developing quickly in 42 counties a 2nd language a foreign language 50 years as a by by using range native language 375 million people 750 million people international organizations, trade and tourism by in what fields for how long also used in 375 million people offices, schools, newspapers 5―6 years global culture pop music and the internetStep3. Post-readingDiscussion:1.Ask Ss to work in small groups of four, discuss the following questions:We’ve learned so much about English spoken around the world. Do you think it is necessary to have a good knowledge of English? Why do you think so? Does it mean English learning should be paid more attention to than Chinese learning? 2.Ask some groups to report.(During the group work., T walks around the class and provide necessary help ) III. Homework 1. Recite the text 2. Write a short essay about the discussion 3. Finish exercise 3 in P93
★unit 3 going places 人教新课标 ┆ 高一
★人教新课标 高一Unit 10 The world around us
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