以下是小编为大家准备的初中被动语态语法讲解 (人教版英语九年级)，本文共8篇，欢迎大家前来参阅。
篇1：初中被动语态语法讲解 (人教版英语九年级)
初中被动语态语法讲解
(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)
汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：
助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以 give 为例，列表如下：
一般现在时：am / is / are + done
一般过去时：was / were + done
一般将来时：shall / will + be done
一般过去将来时：should / would + be done
现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done
过去进行时：was / were + being + done
现在完成时：have / has + been + done
过去完成时：had + been + done
将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done
过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done
［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态
1. 一般现在时：
(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.
Rice is grown in the south of the country.
2. 一般过去时：
(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
3. 一般将来时：
(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.
Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
4. 过去将来时：
(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.
5. 现在进行时：
(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.
6. 过去进行时：
(1)The workers were mending the road.
The road was being mended.
7. 现在完成时：
(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
8. 过去完成时：
(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
(四） 含有情态动词的被动语态：
含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
(1)You must hand in your compositions after class.
Your compositions must be handed in after class.
(五) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver.
The cup was broken by Paul.
3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。
These cars were made in China.
(六)主动语态变被动语态的方法
（1） My aunt invited me to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.
主语 谓语 宾语
（2） The school set up a special class to help poor readers.
→ A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
(七)语态转换时所注意的问题
1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.
A new computer has been bought. (正确)
A new computer have been bought. (错误)
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.
I was given a present on my birthday.
如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：
A present was given to me yesterday.
注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：
bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
(1) The book was showed to the class.
(2) My bike was lent to her.
2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：
build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
(1) A new skirt was made for me.
(2) The meat was cooked for us.
(3) Some country music was played for us.
3. 由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：
不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。
The patient is being operated on.
The problem is solved. It needn't be talked about.
及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。
His request was turned down.
The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather
4. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。如：
(1) We always keep the classroom clean.
→The classroom is always kept clean.
(2) She told us to follow her instructions.
→We were told to follow her instructions.
注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。
We often hear him play the guitar.
→He is often heard to play the guitar.
5. 当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如：
Nobody can answer this question.
误：The question can be answered by nobody.
正：The question can not be answered by anybody.
6. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobody, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如：
They haven't done anything to make the river clean.
误：Anything hasn't been done to make the river clean.
正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean.
7. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首：
Who wrote the story?
误：Who was the story written?
正：By whom was the story written?
8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：
(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。
对比：
The books sell well. (主动句)
The books were sold out. (被动句)
The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)
The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)
9. 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句：
第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。
第二，谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：
He entered the room and got his book.
误：The room was entered and his book was got.
She had her hand burned.
误：Her hand was had burned.
第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。如：
The fire broke out in the capital building.
误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.
第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.
误：The sun had already been risen.
After the earthquake, few houses remained.
误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained.
第五，宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：
I taught myself English.
误：Myself was taught English.
We love each other.
误：Each other is loved.
10. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：
据说…… It is said that …
据报导…… It is reported that …
据推测…… It is supposed that …
希望…… It is hoped that …
众所周知…… It is well known that …
普遍认为…… It is generally considered that …
有人建议…… It is suggested that …
1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.
2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.
初中被动语态练习题
1. ( ) 1 The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.
A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found
( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.
A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken
( ) 3 This English song___ by the girls after class.
A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung
( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.
A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made
( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.
A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used
2
( ) 1 Our room must ___ clean.
A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep
( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.
A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold
( ) 3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.
A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building
( ) 4 The key ___ on the table when I leave.
A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left
( ) 5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
( ) 6 His new book___ next month.
A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published
3
( ) 1 Japanese ___ in every country.
A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking
( ) 2 These papers___yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written
( ) 3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.
A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't
4
( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.
A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?
( ) 2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.
A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are
( ) 3 ___ these desks be needed?
A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do
5
( ) 1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?
A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held
( ) 2 Who was the book___?
A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by
( ) 3 Where ___ these boxes made?
A. was B. were C. is D. am
6
( ) 1 The flowers ___ often.
A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water
( ) 2 The books may___ for two weeks.
A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow
( ) 3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.
A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mend
7
( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.
A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt
( ) 2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.
A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown
( ) 3 The old stone bridge ___ next week
.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild
8
( ) 1 Now these magazines__ in the library for a long time.
A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept
( ) 2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water
.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep
( ) 3 Tea ___ in the south of China.
A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow
( ) 4 The bridges___ two years ago.
A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built
( ) 5 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather
.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung
9
( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.
A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing
( ) 2 The teapot ___ water
.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled
( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.
A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to
( ) 4 Old people must ___.
A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well
10
( ) 1 Newly-born babies___in hospital.
A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care
( ) 2 They were___ at the sudden noise.
A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens
( ) 3 These walls ___ stone.
A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into
11
( ) 1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.
A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said
( ) 2 The papers ___ to them.
A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown
( ) 3 The coat___her sister.
A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to
12
( ) 1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.
A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given
( ) 2 Good care____such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of
( ) 3 She will____good care____.
A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you
13
( ) 1 The teacher made him___ his homework.
A. to do B. do C. did D. done
( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.
A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean
( ) 3 These children____dance.
A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to
14
( ) 1 These stones___well.
A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted
( ) 2 The bike ___ 500 yuan.
A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed
( ) 3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.
A. was'had B. was held C. held D. had
15
( ) 1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.
A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place
( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it____.
A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down
( ) 3 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.
A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened
( ) 4 The watch has often ___ down.
A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell
16
( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one___.
A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken
( ) 2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing
( ) 3 What time ___ the door ___ every day?
A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close
17
( ) 1 Can he___ himself?
A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of
( ) 2 He fell from his bike and ___.
A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt
( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__
A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn
18
( ) 1 The apple___very sweet.
A. is tasted B. taste -C. tastes D. are tasting
( ) 2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.
A. see B. watch C. look D. look at
( ) 3 What you said ___. like a good idea.
A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded
19
( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.
A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing
( ) 2 How dirty the tables are! They need___.
A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
( ) 3 The book is worth ___.
A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read
参考答案：
1. 1-5 B D D D C 2. 1-6 B C B B C A 3. 1-3 A B B 4. 1-3 A B A 5. 1-3 B D B
6. 1-3 B A D 7. 1-3 A B A 8. 1-5 D B B C D9. 1-4 B A D D
10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A
14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C17. 1-3 B C D
18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B
篇2：初中被动语态语法知识
初中被动语态语法知识
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be +过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2) has /have been done 现在完成时
例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时
例A new cinema is being built here.
4) was/were done 一般过去时
例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5) had been done 过去完成时
例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6) was/were being done 过去进行时
例A meeting was being held when I was there.
7) shall/will be done 一般将来时
例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8) should/would be done 过去将来时
例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)
例The project will have been completed before July.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be +过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保
留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother
for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to 。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语) 。
例 My bike was stolen last night.
2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
3. 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)
三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It +be +过去分词+that 从句”或“主语+be +过去分词+to do sth.”。有：
It is said that„ 据说,It is reported that„据报道，It is believed that„大家相信，It is hoped that „大家希望，It is well known that„众所周知，It is thought that„大家认为，It is suggested that „据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1. 英语中有很多动词如 break，catch ，clean ，drive ，lock ，open ，sell ，read ，write ，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义, 主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock. (指门本身有毛病)
The door won't be locked. (指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable
五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
1. 在need ，want ，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。
2. 形容词worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do与things 是动宾关系，与I 是主谓关系。) 试比较：I ’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you 不是post 动作的执行者。)
4. 在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice ，easy ，fit ，hard ，difficult ，important ，impossible ，pleasant ，interesting 等。
例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).
5. 在too „ to„结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6. 在there be„句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。
例There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。)
7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而, 由于古英语的影响, 下列动词rent,blame,let 等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?
六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
1. “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control(受控制), under
treatment (在治疗中), under repair(在修理中), under discussion(在讨论中), under construction(在施工中)。
例The building is under construction( is being constructed).
2.“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎„„胜过„„、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信) ， beyond one’s reach(鞭长莫及)，beyond one’s control(无法控制)，beyond our hope. 我们的成功始料不及。
例The rumour is beyond belief(=can’t be believed).
3. “above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过„„、高于„„”。
例His honest character is above all praise.=His honest character cannot be praised enough.
4.“for+名词”结构，表示 “适于„„、为着„„”。如：for sale(出售), for rent(出租)等。 例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).
5.“in+名词”结构 ，表示“在„„过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print(在印刷中)，in sight(在视野范围内) ，等。
例The book is not yet in print.(=is not yet printed)
6.“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事„„ 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售) ，on show(展出), on trial(受审)。
例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).
7.“out of+名词”结构 ; 表示 “超出„„ 之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了) ，out of sight (超出视线之外)，out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行) 等。
例 The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled). 。
8.“within+名词”结构，“在„„内、不超过„„”。
例He took two days off within the teacher's permission
【题型展示】 A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give
A . needn’t be thrown B . mustn’t be thrown
C . can’t throw D. may not throw A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters
5. — I won’t come to the party unless — You mean if Sue comes you’ll come ?
A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden A. hear B. be heard C. be hearing D. have heard
8. — It’s time to do your homework , Jack .
— Yes , Mum . I’ll turn off the TV as soon as the programme A. ends B. end C. will be ended D. will end to the meeting , why didn’t you go ?
A. be invited B. will be invited C. were invited D. are invited A. planted B. are planted C. were planted
二. 用正确的时态和语态填空 (know )(build ). (see )(build )many years ago . (tell )break )last week . (tell )to take care of their desks and chairs . (be )hold )next Friday . turn )round the earth . use )(not use)it tomorrow .
(sell )in this shop . (speak )here . (like )by us all twenty years ago .
初中英语学习方法
一、把握好课堂学习这一主阵地。
课堂上要积极参与，不能做被动的听众。提高课堂效率，珍惜每一次练习机会。要想在课堂上提高效率，那课前的预习就显得尤为重要了。在预习时，我们要结合课后的notes(注释)熟读课文，了解生词在文章中的使用，标出难点。同时在课堂上要做到认真听讲，积极回答;我们还要学会记笔记，因为理解≠记住≠灵活运用。因此，对好的例句、词语辨析、常用句型、文化差异，中英文差异，习俗差异都可作些笔录。既可以在课上去记，同时课下还要进行认真的补充和整理，要将英语笔记作为我们学习英语的一笔宝贵的财富。
二、积极主动归纳总结语法规则
中学阶段的语法知识非常多，常常给人错综复杂的印象，记忆起来常常是“剪不断、理还乱”。其实语法记忆也有规律性，我们要形成一个完整的知识框架将语法点分类串起来。例如，由by引导的时间状语，主句大都跟完成时有关。by后接的是表示现在的时间，主句用现在完成时，而by后接的是表示过去的时间，主句用过去完成时。另外，语法记忆也讲究技巧性。比如，Negro，hero，tomato，potato这几个单词，它们有一个共性就是变成复数形式在词尾加-es。你可以把这几个词的中文意思串起来，“黑人和英雄爱吃番茄、土豆”，这样记就不容易遗忘了。因此在学习过程中，要善于主动观察、归纳、总结语法规则。
三、注重阅读训练，提高自己的阅读能力
阅读应该是高中三年中最应重视的部分了。因为它是培养英语语感，巩固和熟悉所学知识的最有效途径。在高中阶段，我们的阅读不能仅仅满足于课文了，还要做到进行大量的课外阅读。要记住，用一本教科书学英语是绝对不够的。泛读时可以选择一些与高中学习有关的书报杂志。读不同题材、体裁的文章，理解跨学科知识。读时注意对运用精妙的词汇，短语或句子做些摘抄。
四、要树立信心，不要妄自菲薄。
“有的同学在初中阶段英语学习的并不是很好，对高中学习也失去了信心。其实，语言学习就是一个积累的过程，只要我们在高中阶段认真学习，把握英语学习的规律，就一定能够将这一学科学好。无数的实践也反复证明了这一道理，很多在初中阶段英语基础并不是很好的同学，到了高中之后掌握了正确的学习方法并且努力学习，一样可以将英语学得很好。 记住：Rome isn’t built in one day! (罗马不是一天就建成的)。急于求成就可能会造成消化不良，或者一事无成的结果。急于求成往往表现为对自己提出过高的要求。这样做往往会给自己很大压力，进而对自己逐渐失去信心，失去兴趣。只有逐步的积累，才能聚沙成塔、集腋成裘，由量的积累进而实现质的变化，从而实现英语成绩的飞跃提升和自己语言运用能力的提高。
五、掌握英语语法的框架。
关于语法知识的学习：掌握一定的语法知识是必要的，它是基础，也是高中英语模块教学的重点。中国人学习外语应该学点语法，但是过分地研究语法是不利于能力的培养的，这也是中国人学习英语的误区。因此我们学习语法的时候，不是单纯的记忆语法的条文，而是看语法在实际语境中是如何应用的。语法会对其他能力的形成有很大的影响，缺乏的扎实的语法基础就无法读懂结构复杂的长句，阅读能力和书面表达的能力也因此而受到牵制和影响。切记：语言的意义决定语言的形式。我们在学习时一定要再具体的语境中去分析句子，认真分析并总结错题，我们就一定能够掌握好语法的。
初中英语学习建议
学习英语应注重能力的培养
英语对学生的听、说、读、写能力有了更高的要求，总的来说，英语应注重能力的培养，为以后运用英语进行交际及进一步自学深造打好坚实的基础。
在我看来，打好基础是学好英语的前提，如何打下基础呢?可以归纳如下：制定计划，明确目标;课前预习，找出难点;专心听讲，当堂巩固;及时复习，防止遗忘;独立作业，检测效果;错误归类，解决疑难;勤奋多练，广泛阅读;系统总结，掌握规律。
建立错误档案本
在学习过程中，已获得的知识和技能对以后新知识、新技能的形成产生一定的影响，最好的办法是消灭错误，获得正确知识和技能。每次练习或考试后，应该把自己做错的具有代表性的题目抄下来，收集汇编，然后把老师对错题讲解后的正确语句熟读牢记，保留错误的答案，用红笔写上正确的答案，眉批上理由分析，这样就形成新的语言习惯。平时和临考前翻看，加深印象，引起注意，大大减少了错误率。既巩固了知识，又提高了应试能力，发挥了最佳的水平。
重视阅读理解能力的培养
重视阅读理解能力的培养，目的是提高对语篇整体认识的能力，以及推理判断、归纳总结的能力。坚持长期阅读(每天至少2篇以上)是稳步提高的保证。通过有计划有步骤的课外阅读(如读21世纪报中学生英文版，《新概念英语》第二、三册，英语周报同步辅导及听说读写版)，不仅能巩固拓宽教材所学内容，更关键是会使所学知识活起来，激发出浓厚的学英语的兴趣以及扩大知识量的欲望。
养成朗读背诵的习惯
朗读是在课文所提供的语境中对语音、语调、意群、句型等基础知识的综合练习，同时培养纯正的语音语调和好的用语习惯以及为听力打下坚实的基础。对学过的句型、词组、对话、课文进行朗读和背诵，形成流利的语感，也培养了理解能力，为说、读及英语写作打好基础，这是提高英语水平的根本方法。
养成良好的书写习惯
养成书写规范、字迹工整、卷面整洁的习惯也很重要。高中相当一部分学生的字体书写不好，难以辨认，大小写不分，词距若有若无，标点符号乱用，给老师批改作业和试卷造成极大的麻烦。这在高考阅卷评分中会吃大亏，白白丢分。因此，高二学生平时要养成书写规范的习惯，对大小写、标点符号和词距等一定要一丝不苟，力求规范化、整齐美观。
养成使用英汉双解词典的习惯
高二学生阅读面扩大，需要补充词汇量。学生应备一本英汉词典，如牛津中、高阶英汉双解词典，在学习中随时查阅。这在很大程度上能解决学生的疑惑，帮助理解词的用法，词汇量也就随之不断扩大。
通过朗读扩大词汇量
对于那些单词，语法什么的，都不去有意记它，而换成大声朗读它，一天读它十几遍甚至几十遍，上百遍，一些单词你只要一想，嘴里马上就能发出它的音，一动手自然就把单词写出来了。当然对于一些词法、语法，朗读有一个小窍门，就是把一些经典的，具有明显语法现象的句子反复读，日子一长，你的语感能力就会大大增强，以后当你做单项填空时，就不用想它所涉及到的语法，只是在心中默念一次，然后对照一下，答案立刻就出来了。
篇3：初中英语语法被动语态讲解
初中英语语法被动语态讲解
重点一：一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are+动词过去分词
If I _____ five minutes, I'll get everything ready. (，湖北黄冈)
A. will give B. be given
C. am given D. was given
解析：C 首先，读题发现本题主要考查的动词是give。故可知句意为如果再给我5分钟，我将完成所有事情。也就是说已经到了所规定的时限了，我已经没有更多时间了。再看选项，B、C、D选项考查的是不同时态的被动语态，A选考查主动语态，根据句意可知，本题考查的是被动语态，故排除A。然而句中没有出现明显表时间的词语，那么怎么判断时态呢？再看句子结构，可知本句是由If 引导的条件句，主句用一般将来时态，从句应用一般现在时，排除D，而与我搭配的be的形式是am，故正确答案为C。
重点二：一般过去时的被动语态 was/were+过去分词
Liu Xiang ______ by his coach to train regularly.
(, 天津)
A. advised B. advises
C. was advised D. be advised
解析：C 首先，读题，发现需要填的是谓语， 再看题干出现by his coach, 初步判断考查被动语态。再根据题干和选项可知句意为刘翔的教练建议他要有规律的进行训练。可知考查的就是被动语态，那么，可将选项A、B排除，剩下C、D均是被动语态，但区别是C选项为was，D选项为be, 选择哪个呢？再来看题干，主语是Liu Xiang(第三人称单数，所以要用be的第三人称单数)，故正确答案是C。
重点三：一般将来时的被动语态 will+be+动词过去分词
A new school _____ in my hometown next year. (，福建)
A. build B. will build
C. will be built D. has built
解析：C 首先读题发现本题主要考查的动词是build。故可以猜测句意为明年我的家乡将建一所新学校。再看句子，主语是a new school, 新学校是无生命的物体，故是不能发出动作来的，所以只能是build的动作承受者。这样我们便可以确定句子的语态了――被动语态。再看选项，只有C是被动语态。那为什么会出现will 呢？因为在题干中出现了next year 这个表将来的时间状语。故完全确定了正确选项是C。
重点四：含有情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must等+be+过去分词
1. Something must _____ to stop the factory from pouring waste water into the rivers。( 2007，天津)
A. be done B. do
C. was seen D. had seen
解析：A 首先，读题发现句子我们选择合适的谓语形式。由于句子没有明确的线索告诉我们就是考查的被动语态，所以根据题意我们可以猜测一下题干的意思：必须……来阻止工厂向河里排放污水。所以我们可以将选项逐个带入题目里，A 带入后句意为：必须采取措施来阻止工厂向河里排放污水。B带入后句意为某物做来阻止向河里排放污水。(语义不通)C带入后句意为某物被看到用来向河里排放污水。(语义不通)D带入后句意为某物曾看到阻止向河里排放污水。(语义不通)题目的主语是something 以表物的`不定代词作主语，物是没有生命的东西，故是不能主动做出任何动作的，而只有人等有生命的个体才能发出动作来。故本题考查的是被动语态，结合句意，只有A符合。
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篇4：英语初中语法学习：如何构成被动语态
1.现在一般时，由am/ are / is+done构成。
The book is written by Wang Meng.
这本书是(被)王蒙写的。
He is respected by the teachers and his students.
他受到师生们的好评。
The phone is repaired by me.
这部手机是(被)我修理的。
2.过去一般时,由was /were+done构成。
Two chairs were moved away.
两把椅子被移开了。
He was dismissed by my boss.
他被我的老板解雇了。
I was asked to go to Harbin on business yesterday.
我昨天被派往哈尔滨出差了。
This novel was published in 2008.
这本小说是在出版的。
3.将来一般时,由shall /will be+done构成。
The money will be returned by my son.
我钱将由我儿子还。
The letter will be sent by my friend to you.
这封信将由我的朋友带给你。
Iam sure that we shall be invited to theparty.
我们肯定会被邀请参加舞会的。
4.将来一般时,由should/ would be+done构成。
She said that all the apples would be finished up bythe kids that afternoon.
她说所有的苹果会在当天被孩子们吃掉。
He told me that he would be asked to attend the opening ceremony.
他告诉我说他将被邀请参加开幕式。
5.现在进行时,由am /are / is+being+done构成。
Tom is being praised in the class.
汤姆正在班上受表扬呢。
The new teaching building is being built.
新的教学大楼正在修建。
6.过去进行时,由was/were+being+done构成。
They were being criticized for being late.
他们当时因为迟到正在受批评。
He realized that he was being made fun of.
他意识到有人在取笑他。
7.现在完成时,由have /has+been+done构成。
John has been given the first prize.
约翰已被授予一等奖。
He has been praised since he came here.
自从他来这儿以来，一直受到表扬。
This computer has been repaired.
这台电脑已经修好了。
8.过去完成时，由had+been+done构成
He said that the newspaper had been sold out.
他说那张报纸已经被卖掉了。
By the time I came back, the work had been finished.
到我回来时，此工作已经完成。
9.将来完成时，由shall/ will+have+been+done构成。
The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.
到这个月末，这个新工厂将已竣工。
10.过去将来完成时，由should / would+have+been+done构成。
It was reported that this building would have been completed by the end of this month.
据报道，这栋楼将在这个月末以前将已竣工。
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公众号：英语语法学习
篇5：英语从句语法讲解
从句的定义：
从句(Subordinate Clause)是一个特殊句子，不能单独成句，但也有主语部分和谓语部分，从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导。
如何理解上面的定义呢?其实这很简单。“从句”的“从”(subordinate)，意思就是从属，附属;“句”就是指“句子”，那“从句”，顾名思义，就是“从属的句子”嘛。这里给大家打个不太恰当的比方。大家应该听说过澳洲的袋鼠。小袋鼠在一岁之前，必须借居在母袋鼠的袋子里才能存活。“从句”就像是不满一岁的小袋鼠，要依附于主句，在主句的保护下，才有存在的意义。
从句的分类：
根据从句在句子中的作用，从句可以分为以下几种：
名词性从句：从句在主句中的成分相当于名词，又被称为名词从句;
形容词性从句：从句在主句中的成分相当于形容词;起到限定修饰的作用，因而，又被称为定语从句;
副词性从句：从句在主句中的成分相当于副词，作状语，因而，又被称为状语从句。
1. 名词性从句(名词从句)
根据从句在主句中所做的成分，名词性从句可以分为以下4种：
例如：
(1)That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.
海洋正在被人们过渡捕捞，许多年来这已是尽人皆知的事情了。
(2)I have learned that love, not time, heals all wounds.
我明白了是爱，而不是时间能治愈一切创伤。
(3)The reason for my return is that I left my keys behind.
我又回来，是因为我忘带钥匙了。
(4)An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
她突然想到，她可以换个方法做实验。
2. 形容词性从句(定语从句)
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
(5)When television was first introduced, the extent to which it could affect human society could not have been foreseen.
人们发明电视的时候，并没能预见到它会对人类社会产生多大的影响。
(6)As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.
正如人们常常指出的，知识是一把双刃剑，既可以用于造福，也同样可以用来为害。
定语从句按照关系代词的不同，会有不同的情况。具体情况，以后的沪江英语教研课堂会继续讲到，欢迎大家继续关注沪江英语教研课堂系列>>。
3. 副词性从句(状语从句)
状语从句可是个大家族，这里我们先来简单的看两个例子，了解一下。
(7)This is an illness that can result in total blindness if left untreated.
这种病不治疗的话，会导致患者完全失明。
(8)I was walking on the road when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.
当时我正在路上走，突然有人从后面拍了拍我的肩膀。
一路俯视下来，大家是不是对从句的框架有了一个较为清晰的了解呢?你对从句掌握得如何呢?下面有两个练习题，你能给出正确答案吗
1)Stopping pouring polluted water into the river is _____ the factory has to solve at present.
A. what B. which C. as D. that
答案：A
解析：本题考查表语从句。
这是what引导的表语从句，其中what充当从句谓语solve的宾语。
译文：停止向河流中排放污水是现在工厂要解决的问题。
2)It is useful to be able to predict the extent _____ which a price change will affect supply and demand.
A. from B. with C. to D. for
答案：to
解析：本题考查定语从句。
这里的to which 来自于固定搭配 to the extent。
译文：能够预测价格变动对供需的影响程度，是非常有用的。
篇6：中考英语讲解名词语法
中考英语讲解名词语法
（一）名词概述
名词用来表示人或事物的名称。名词可分为专有名词和普通名词，普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用。在考试命题中，主要是考察可数、不可数名词的区分，以及量词修饰的使用。考试的题型主要是选择题和词性转换。另外，名词的所有格也是重要的考查部分，主要是区分's和of的用法。
（二）基础知识梳理
1. 名词复数形式的构成
1）规则变化
（1）一般名词后面加s。如：month-months，bird-birds。
（2）以s，ss，x，ch，sh结尾的名词，后面加es。如：bus-buses，boss-bosses，box-boxes，match-matches，brush-brushes。
（3）以o结尾的名词，有的加es，如：patato-patatoes，mango-mangoes，tomato-tomatoes；有的加s，如：radio-radios，zoo-zoos，piano-pianos。
（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es。如：factory-factories，city-cities。以元音字母加y结尾的名词，直接加s，如：toy-toys，day-days。
（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加es。如：knife-knives，wolf-wolves（例外：roof-roofs，chief-chiefs），scarf-scarfs或scarves。
2）不规则变化
（1）改元音字母，构成复数。如：man-men，woman-women，foot-feet，fisherman-fishermen，tooth-teeth，mouse-mice（例外：German-Germans，walkman-walkmans,human-humans）。
（2）单复数形式一样。如：sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese，deer-deer，fish-fish。
（3）词尾变化。如：child-children。
（4）只有复数形式，无单数形式的名词。如;clothes，trousers，glasses，shoes。
（5）以man和woman构成的复合名词变复数时，要采用双复数形式。如：man tourist-men tourists，woman teacher-women teachers。
2. 名词的`数量表达
可数名词：用数词直接修饰，如：one book，three watches，200 years；与量词连用，量词与所修饰名词都要用复数形式，如：three pairs of shoes，hundreds of years；与模糊数量词连用，如：a few relatives，some people，many boys，a lot of/lots of computers，a large number of students。
不可数名词：与量词连用，量词有复数形式，而不可数名词不能有复数形式。如：two loaves of bread，a bottle of water；与模糊量词连用，如：some work，a little milk，much advice/time/money，a lot of/lots of news，a large amount of information。
模糊数量词修饰可数名词，有如下几个：many，a few，few，a large number of。
模糊数量词修饰不可数名词，有如下几个：much，a little，little，huge amounts of，a great deal of。
模糊数量词既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，有如下几个：some，any，a lot of，lots of，plenty of，enough。
3. 名词所有格
1）表示有生命的名词所有格
（1）单数名词加's，如：Peter's bag。
（2）词尾有s或es的复数名词加“'”，如：the teachers' office。
（3）不以s或es结尾的复数名词后仍加“'s”，如：Children's Day。
（4）表示时间、距离，如：today's newspaper，two hours' walk。
2）表示无生命的名词所有格，用of+名词所有格，如：the front gate of the City Hall，a map of China。
3）表示有生命的名词所有格，也可用of+名词所有格，如：a friend of mine，a book of jane's，a friend of Mary's sister's。
篇7：英语高考语法考点讲解
冠词、名词和主谓一致
【考点分析】
冠词
1.不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法; 定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法; 2.考查冠词在固定搭配中的用法 ，包括零冠词(即不用冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法 ;
3.考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法 ;
4.考查冠词在比较级前的用法 ;
5.考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法 ;
6.考查用不用冠词意义大不相同的短语 。
名词和主谓一致
1.对名词的可数与不可数性的考查：
①最常见的形式是主谓一致的考查;分数和百分数作主语、数量词作主语仍将是考查重点(as well as; together with; along with; not only…but also…; rather than; neither…nor…; either…or…; the number of与a number of等要特别关注);
②有些名词的复数形式可以表示特别的意义;
③有些名词通常用作不可数名词;
④有些名词用作不可数名词时，表示抽象概念，与不定冠词连用或用作可数名词时表示个体事物;
⑤有些名词，既可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，但意思不一样;
⑥某些集体名词，如果把它们所表示的人或事物当作整体来看待，谓语动词用单数形式;如果把它们表示的人或事物当作若干个体来看，谓语动词用复数形式。
2.对名词词义及词义辨析的考查;
3.对名词与介词固定搭配的考查;
4.对名词句法功能的考查：重在考查名词作定语的用法。
【知识点归纳】
(一)冠词
冠词分为不定冠词(a, an)，定冠词(the)，和零冠词。
I.不定冠词的用法
1.指一类人或事，相当于a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指
A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。
3.表示“每一”相当于every，one
We study eight hours a day.
4.表示“相同”相当于the same
We are nearly of an age.
5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
―Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
―Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋)
6.用于固定词组中
a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7.用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后
This room is rather a big one.
8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后
She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前
success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事
a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事
a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西
a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识
10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。
In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.
为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。
篇8：中考英语名词语法讲解
名词当然是大家都很熟悉的了，我们吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名词。It is easy, right 但是你可能被名词的单复数变化、名词作定语以及名词所有格等问题搞得糊里糊涂的，到底该怎么用呢？
First, 名词复数的特殊变化。
普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。这些小调皮是：
a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es；
b. story, factory 等以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es；
c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es；
d. 以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是“元音字母+o” 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是“辅音字母+o”的词，变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。
e. child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse（mice）, man（men ）, woman（women ）等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。
注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；
f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。好记好记。 people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。the English，the French，the Chinese等名词表示国民总称时，也作复数用。
注意：maths，politics，physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾，仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国），the United Nations（联合国）等应视为单数。
别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。
a. man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：menworkers， women teachers。
b. 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路，two-hundred trees 两百棵树。
名词所有格：
表示“……的”通常是在名词的后面加-s，如：Childrens day，fathers shoes。但以-s结尾的名词因为已经有s了，只需加 就OK了。如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，.则表示“分别有”。.如：Johns and Marys room（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；两个名词并列，只有一个s，则表示“共有”。如：John and Marys room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）。
还有些无生命名词的所属要用介词of来帮助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term。
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