这次小编在这里给大家整理了职业高中语文高一第一单元作文怎么写,本文共23篇,供大家阅读参考。

篇1:高一第一单元
高中英语 第一册 第一单元
Unit 1
一、【目的与要求:】掌握本单元出现的单词和词组。
introduce, practice, go away, go on doing , as a result, in one's opinion, take care of ,general idea ,give any regards to sb等等…
二、【日常交际用语】
Nice to meet you. Nice meeting you. I'll introduce you, See you soon .
I must go now . I must be off now. Give one's best wishes to sb …
三、【知识重点与难点分析】
1、Which school were you at last year ? 你去年在哪所大学校读书?此句中的“at”也可用“in”来代替,意思不变。如:Which school are you in?
2、So was my friend Bob White.(=My friend Bob White was also at Centre school.)
我的朋友鲍勃怀特也在那所学校读书。
“So +be/have/助动词/情态动词 +主语”,此结构中的语序是倒装的。这个以so开头的句子内容是接着前句而来的,表示so句中的情况与前句讲的情况相同。例如:
You are a student. So am I. 你是学生。我也是(学生)。
You can speak English ,and so can I. 你会说英语,我也会(说英语)。
He likes playing football. So does his elder brother. 他喜欢踢足球,他哥哥也喜欢(踢足球)。
A: I went to see a film yesterday. 我昨天去看了场电影。
B: Oh, did you? So did I. 哦,是吗?我也去了。
如果上句是否定句,下句就应该用neither或 nor 来引导一个倒装句了。例如:
You are not a student. Neither/Nor am I. 你不是学生,我也不是(学生)。
You have never been to the Great wall .Neither/Nor have. 你没去过长城,我也没去过(长城)。
3、I must be off now. 我现在得走了。
off在这里是副词,在句中作表语,表示“离开”“走开”的意思。当你表示要离开某人或谢绝对方的挽留时,你还可以说:I must go now .=I must be leaving now =I really must be going now.
4、Nice to meet you很高兴见到你。
此句是见面时常用的客气用语。其它见面时常用语还有:
I'm glad to meet you.(=Glad to meet you .)
I'm pleased to meet you.(=Pleased to meet you .)
It's a great pleasure to meet you.
而在分手时,人们常说:It was nice meeting you .(=Nice meeting you). It was nice talking with you (Nice meeting you.).
It was Nice to have talked with you.(=It is nice to have talked with you ).
5、I want to introduce my friend Jane. 我想介绍一下我的朋友简。
introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人,其中“to sb”可以省略。例如:
I'd like to introduce myself (to you). 我想自我介绍一下。
Let me introduce my friend Peter to you? 让我把你介绍给写了先生。
May I introduce my friend Peter to you? 可以向你介绍一下我的朋友彼特吗?
Please allow me to introduce Miss Liu to you all. 请允许我把刘小姐介绍给你们大家。
6、Find out the things which are different in your part of China. 找出与中国你所在地区不同的情况。
find和find out都有“发现”、“找到”的意思。 find通常是指凭一时的感觉或偶然发现,而find out 则是指经过一番努力,研究,计算或探询而发现某物某事,通常有“找出,查明,发现,搞清楚”的意思。例如:
He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒来发现自己在医院里。
I found a $5 note on the pavement. 我在人行道上发现了一张5英镑纸币。
Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查问出火车什么时候开吗?
They tried to find out who had broken the window. 他们试图查明谁打破了玻璃窗。
Later, he found out a new method of learning English. 后来,他找到了一种学习英语的新方法。
7、I hope you are very well .我希望你一切都好。
Well在此句中是形容词,通常作表语,意思是“健康的”相当于healthy的意思。例如:
I'm not feeling well today .我今天觉得身体不大舒服。
Is she well enough to travel?她身体康复,能够旅行了吗?
He is much better now, thank you.他现在身体好些了,多谢你的关心。(better是well的比较好)
Be, feel, get, look + well 身体好,康复,气色好。
8、So every day I work from dawn until dark. 因此,我们每天 从早到晚地劳动。
from until/till/to 冒意思是“从某时到某时”例如:from morning fill night从早到晚
from beginning to end 自始至终,从头到尾。
9、Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of the tractors.
有时,我们在天黑后还要借助拖拉机的灯光继续干活。
go on doing sth 意思是“继续(做某事),连续不断地(做某事)”
go on to do sth表示(在干完某事后)“接着干另一件事”,即接下去干与原来不同的另一件事。例如:
Although if was raining hard ,they still went on working in the field.
虽然雨下得很大,但他们仍继续在地里干活。
After he finished writing the litter,he went on to read the text of lesson one.
他写完信后,接着读第一课课文。
10 、Although the farm is large,my Dad has only two men working for him.
虽然农场很大,但我爸爸只雇了两个人为他干活。
have sb/sth doing 这一结构表示“使某人或某物持续做某事或动作持续的状态”。在句中have是“使”,“让”的意思, working 是现在分词作宾语two men的补足语。例如:
Don't have the car waiting out side the gate all the time. 不要让汽车一直在门外等着。
The two cheats had the lights burning all day long. 两个骗子让灯整天亮着。
Don't have the water running all day long. 不要让这自来水整天花花地流。
I won't have you talking to Mother like that. 我不允许你对妈妈那样说话。
11、It doesn't often rain in the summer here, As a result we have water the vegetable garden.
这儿夏天不常下雨,因此我们不得不给菜园浇水。
As a resulf (由于的)结果;因此常用在有上下文的情况下。例如:
It was late at night and there was no bus.As a resulf , we had to walk to He village.
夜深了,又没有公共汽车,因此我们不得不步行到那个村庄。
He had some bad fish , As a result ,he felt sick his morning .
由于吃了些坏鱼,所以今天上午他感到不舒服。
As a resulf of (=because of… )意思是“由于”例如:
As a result of fog the flight was delayed. 由于有雾,航班误点了。
He got a rist as the result of his hard work. 由于他工作勤奋,所以他长了工资。
Thousands of people lost their lives as the result of the war.由于那场战争,成千上万的人民丧失了生命。
另:在本句中“To water the vegetable garden”,water一词是用作动词。在英语中有些词虽然词形相同,但词类发生变化,由某一词类(如名词)变成另一词类(如动词)。如下下列句子中Pump, water即有名词,也有动词的用法。well即可用作副词,也可用作名词。
There is a pump is the village.it works very well.we often pump water from the well to water the vegetable garden.
12、Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion.美国人吃肉很多,依我看吃得太多了。
in my opinion =in my view意思是“在我看来,依我看”。近似于I fhink/guess/feel/suppose(我想、我认为、我觉得)等表达形式,都是用来表示个人的看法或意见等。
what was the nicest part of your holiday in your opinion?
在你看来,你假期中哪段时间过的最好?
In my opinion ,autumn is the best season in beijing.在我看来,秋天是北京最好的季节。
In charlie's opinion ,Americans should eat less meat.在查理看来,美国人应该少吃一点肉。
In my opinion and in the opinion of most people.it is a very sound investment.照我的和大多数人的看法,这是一项很可靠的投资。
13、In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the states.
在信中,你问有关美国不同时区的问题。
There are five different time areas in the states 美国有5个不同的时区。
以上两句中的The states都是指The United States of America .美国,美利坚众国略作U.S.A或U.S.。
下句In my state中的state 是指写信人所在的那个州,这时state的开头字母不大写。另外, time areas和 time zones同义都是指时区。
14、Please give my regards to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。
Regard vt. 是动词,作“认为,视为”解。regard sb as a hero 认为某人是英雄。 regard sth as a crime 把某事看作是一种罪恶。例如:
He is regarded as the best dentist in town..他被看作是域里最好的牙医。
在名中regards 是名词,作“问候,致意”解。give my regards /love /best wishes to sb作“代我向某人问好”解。remember me to sb 也有同义。例如:
Please give my best wishes to your wife (=Please remember me to your wife.)请代向你妻子问好。
15、Best wishes. 祝好。
该句通常用于信尾,谨致问候之意,还可以说best regards 祝好!Wishing you good luck /success! 祝你走运/成功!
篇2:高一第一单元及《荷塘月色》
高一第一单元及《荷塘月色》
第一单元
一 单元课文特点
1.本单元由两篇散文、一篇杂文和一篇悼词组成。
2、本单元课文涉及作者生活的时代背景,有的比较隐晦地表达了自己的心情,有的形象地提出自己的主张,有的概括了人物一生的伟大业绩,有的在貌似纯知识的“东拉西扯“中, 含蓄婉转地表达出自己的思想感情。只有认真推敲词语和句子,才能真正理解作品的深刻含义。
3、本单元四篇课文中所运用的修辞手法十分丰富,应该仔细揣摩作者运用修辞手法的妙处所在。
二 单元教学目标
1、本单元的重点教学目标 是引导学生揣摩语言。揣摩语言的实质是在一定的语境中,对语言的深层含义、感情色彩等,进行辩析、品味。在阅读中只有注意语言,领会关键词 语和关键语句的真正内涵和表达作用,理解作者运用语言的技巧,才能不断增强自己的语感。
2、要掌握在阅读过程中揣摩语言的技巧,学会抓取关键词语和关键句子,并结合语境进行揣摩和理解。
三 单元教学重难点
1、阅读教学把阅读分为四个阶段,即感知阶段、理解阶段、表述阶段和评价阶段。
揣摩教学把阅读分为四个阶段,即感 知阶段、理解阶段、表述阶段和评价阶段。揣摩语言属于第二个阶段,即在感知内容的基础上,在一定的语境中对关键词语和关键语句的深层含义、感情色彩和表达作用等进行辩析、品味和理解,以彻底理解文句含义,并依靠自己独立思考,在感知、表象再创造的基础上,借助于思维加深对读物的理解。
2、揣摩语言离不开语境。“语境”是“语言环境”的简称。张志公先生说:“所谓语言环境,从比较小的范围来说,对语义影响最直接的,是现实的语言环境,也是说话和听话时的场合以及话的前言后语。此外,大至一个时代、社会的性质和特点,小至交际双方个人的情况,如文化教养、知识水平、生活经验、语言风格和方言基础等,也是一种语言环境,与现实的语言对称,这两种语言环境可以称为广义的'语言环境。”前者“现实的语言环境”习惯称为“内部语境”,后者“广义的语言环境”习惯称为“外部语境”。要彻底理解语句含义,必须把语句放到一定的语言环境中去反复揣摩思考。
3、揣摩语言还要学会抓取关键语句。关键语句在文章中有多种表现形式,包括:(1)出现在文章首尾的总结概述语句;(2)有称代和特指词语的语句;(3)在文中多次重复出现的语句;(4)运用各种修辞格的语句;(5)使用典故或史料的语句;(6)运用“虚化迁移”手法或词类活用的语句;(7)语法结构复杂的语句;(8)有特别生动的词语的语句。
四、单元教学设计
本单元前两课为教读课文,后两课为自读课文。教读课文每两课时完成,自读课文每课一课时完成。
进行教读课文的教学,要求学生在预习的基础上,深入思考一些问题;在课堂上让学生充分发表自己的意见,实现探索性的学习。
进行自读课的教学,更应该体现由学生自己学习的过程。一种形式是学生在课堂上快速阅读课文,然后按照教师提出的问题展开讨论,由教师作出结论。这种方式适合于中等以下水平的班级使用。另一种形式是事先把分析课文的任务交给几个或几组学生,让他们自己去查阅资料,拿出分析意见,在课堂上各抒已见展开讨论。教师不要下结论,让学生对没有取得统一的意见课下继续进行思考,在校刊上发表他们的意见。这种方式适合于语文水平和自学能力较高的班级。
一 荷塘月色
课文说明
一 时代背景
《荷塘月色〉是一篇以写景为主的抒情散文。写于1927年7月,那时作者在清华大学教书,住清华园西院。文章里描写的荷塘就在清华园。当时正值大革命失败,白色恐怖笼罩着中国大地。朱自清也处于苦闷厢逯小K自己也知道,“只有参加革命或反革命,才能解决这惶惶然”,但他最终还是选择了“暂时逃避的一法”。
原因是什么 呢?他曾对夫人陈竹隐说过:“我只是在行为上主张一种日常生活中的中和主义。”又说,“妻子儿女一大家,都指我生活”,“还是暂超然为好”但是他毕竟是一个爱国的民主主义者,面对黑暗现实,又不能安心于这种“超然”。
在《一封信》中他表白说:“这几天似乎有些异样,像一叶扁舟在无边的大海上,像一个猎人在无尽的森林里。……心里是一团乱麻,也可以说是一团火。似乎在挣扎着,要明白些什么,但似乎什么也没有明白。”《荷塘月色》正是作者自己想“超然”而又想“挣扎”的心迹的真实描摹和生动写照。
二 构思
《荷塘月色》写的是一个夏夜,作者为了散心,排解苦闷,去观赏月下荷塘时所见到的景色和此时此际的心情。全篇的“文眼”是开头的“心里颇不宁静”一句,尽管文 中一会儿写“动”,一会儿写“静”,一会儿写“幻觉”,一会儿写“实感”,一会儿描摹眼前,一会儿展开联想,“形”确实很散,但始终没有离开“颇不宁静”这一“文 眼”。
三 思想感情
《荷塘月色》中笼罩着一层淡淡的哀愁,而《绿》中的狂喜之情非常浓烈。这是什么原因?是由于写作时代不同。《绿》写于1924年,这时正是北伐战争前夕,五四运动给作者带来的激情尚未消失。《荷塘月色》则写在大革命失败后的1927年,现实的黑暗使作者陷入了彷徨、苦闷之中。
《荷塘月色》流露的思想感情,反映了作者对当时白色恐怖的严酷现实的不满,以及他苦闷彷徨,希望在一个幽静的环境中寻求精神上的解脱而又无法解脱的矛盾心情。
但对这一问题的理解,历来说法不一。有的认为,本文是作者寄
篇3:高一第一单元教案
高一第一单元教案
Unit 1 Good Friends
Teaching objectives and demands:
1. The activity is designed to encourage students to think about friends and friendship and to activate relevant vocabulary.
2. Ask the students to describe a good friend and give examples of situations where friends have helped them. Use the activity as a brainstorming session done either in groups or with the whole class.
3. Language use: Manipulate listening, speaking practice
Key points:
1. Everyday English for communication.
2. Words and useful expressions
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Warming up
Students are asked to describe themselves and a friend. You can use these questions in at least two different ways. One alternative is to ask the students to think about three words to describe themselves and then let each student tell the class the three characteristics they have chosen. A second alternative would be to ask the students to write down the three characteristics and let other students guess who is being described. As with the first part, the objective is to elicit student language and get the students to think about friends and friendship.
Which words can be used to describe the characteristic?
Brave: courage fearless heroic
Scared : astonish fearful frightened horrified shocked terrified timid
Loyal: devoted faithful
Wise: bright clever cute gifted intelligent smart well-learned witty
Foolish: silly stupid
Beautiful: attractive breath-taking charming cool cute elegant eye-catching good-looking
graceful inviting lovely neat pretty splendid stunning
Rich: wealthy plentiful
Funning: amusing humorous
Happy: carefree cheerful contented delighted glad high merry pleased
Unhappy: bitter blue discouraged displeased heavy miserable sad upset
Step 2. Listening
The students will hear friends discuss common problems that may occur in a friendship. The students are asked to identify the problems and suggest solutions. Tell the students that friends sometimes have problems and that it is important to know how to solve the problems. The students will hear three arguments between friends and are asked to write down the problems and suggest possible solutions. It may be necessary to divide the task into two parts; first the students write down the problems as they listen to the tape, and then they discuss possible solutions. The students can also listen to one situation at a time and discuss solutions with the whole class.
Key
1. Peter is often late for football practice. I think that he should try to be on time in the future.
2. Mary usually borrows things without asking and she doesn’t return things on time. She should ask the owner is she wants to borrow something and try to return it on time in the future.
3. Adam borrowed John’s CD player yesterday and now it is broken. Adam can ask his uncle to fix it.
Extension the students are asked to think of other situations/problems involving friends and role-play or discuss the issues. You may also ask the students to list or discuss what methods are most effective when you want to solve problems in a friendship.
Workbook P85
Listening
a) Students will hear about problems friends may have and what can be done to solve such problems. The students are asked to write down the solutions mentioned on the tape and to think of other solutions. Ask the students to listen to the tape and write down the solutions suggested by the speaker. You can help the students prepare by first asking them to think about problems they may have had with their friends. The solutions mentioned on the tape are simple and general. Encourage the students to think of better, more specific solutions. What would they do if they had a quarrel with a friend? How do they talk to their friends about difficult things? How do they keep secrets from becoming rumours?
b) Listening text Everybody needs friends. But being a good friend can sometimes be hard work. Learning how to solve problems in a friendship can make you a better friend and a happier person. A common problem between friends is that they don’t know how to talk to each other about difficult things. When they do talk, they often get mad with each other. What can they do? Well, it takes time to learn how to communicate well, and it is important to understand why a friend gets angry with you when you say something. If you know what it is that makes your friend angry, then you can try to talk about the problem in a different way.
c) Another problem that many friends have to deal with is what to do after one of them gets angry or upset. If friends get angry with each other and say something bad because they are angry, they often find it difficult to apologize after the quarrel. The best way to apologize after a quarrel is simply to start by telling each other that you are sorry and then go from there. A simple apology is often enough and is a good starting point. What about friends who can’t keep a secret? Sometimes it seems impossible to keep a secret from becoming a rumour that everyone knows. Shouldn’t a good friend be able to keep a secret? Perhaps, but it is not always that easy to keep a secret, and telling a secret to someone will often put them in a difficult situation - they may have to lie to other friends to keep the secret. The best way to make sure that a secret doesn’t become a rumour is simply to keep it to yourself - don’t tell anyone.
d) Answers to Exercise 1
e) Problem: Friends get angry with each other when they try to talk about something difficult.
f) Solution: Try to understand your friend/Try to talk about the problem in a different way.
g) Problem: Friends don’t know how to apologize.
h) Solution: Start by telling each other that you are sorry and take it from there. A simple apology is often enough.
i) Problem: Some friends don’t know how to keep secrets.
Solution: Keep your secrets to yourself.
Step 3 Speaking
The students will use the information about the people on SB page 2 to talk about likes and dislikes and to practice giving reasons for their opinions. Tell the students to work in pairs. Ask the students to complete the chart on page SB page 3 and then use the answers to talk about who could be friends and what they like or dislike. Ask each pair to decide who could be friends and give reasons for their decisions. When they have made their decision, ask them to compare and debate their ideas with other pairs. Encourage different answers, including strange ones.
P3 work in pairs
Name John Steve Peter Ann Sarah Joe
Age 15 14 15 16 14
Gender boy boy boy girl girl boy
Likes football skiing singing dancing reading novels surfing the
reading singing rock music computers football Internet
reading computer rock music singing rock music
skiing
Dis- singing hiking football hiking rock music football
ikes computers football classical music dancing dancing hiking
rock music rock music dancing classical music computer
Extension The students are asked to make a list of famous people or people they know. The students then use the list to identify likes and dislikes and characteristics and try to determine who could be friends.
Step 4. Talking Workbook P85
The students are given role cards based on three situations where friends are having problems. They are asked to act out the situations with the “useful expressions”. They are also asked to think of a fourth situation, prepare role cards for it, and act it out. Let the students role-play in pairs. Remind them that they should not write down a dialogue and then simply read the dialogue. Instead, they should try to act out the situation without rehearsing it. If they find it difficult to get started, you can let them prepare by practising part of a situation. You can also help by modeling part of a situation.
Extension Friends often help each other. Ask the students to work in pairs and list examples of situations where friends can help each other. The students can then write role cards for the situations and act out in pairs.
Step 5. Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Unit1 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the key points of this unit.
(3)List the friend they get to know in class and write down some thing they want to know.
Evaluation of teaching:
The Second Period
Teaching objectives
1. Develop the students’ comprehension of explorative passages, especially their ability of analyzing the structure of such kind of articles.
2. Offer the students chances of self-culture by working in groups and seeking information about the film out-
side the class.
3. Infuse the students with basic knowledge about the friend and friendship
4. Learn some words and useful expressions from the text.
Teaching Approach
1.Communicative Approach should be used throughout the class. Stress should be laid on:
2.Learner-centeredness; learning-centeredness
3.Task-based learning
4.Activity-based teaching (class work; individual work; group work)
Teaching type: Reading comprehension
Teaching Procedure
Step 1. Report in class A student is asked to report something interesting he or she picks up from
newspaper or magazines.
Step 2.Review and check Ss have a word dictation and check their homework in workbook
Exercise 2 Suggested sample sentences
1) My friend Alan is brave. He once saved the life of a little girl who had fallen into a lake.
2) My friend Bob is loyal. He wouldn’t talk to Charles whom I don’t like at all.
3) My friend David is wise. He always gives me the best advice.
4) My friend George is a handsome boy, but he doesn’t like to study and always dreams of becoming a model.
5) My friend Harry is a smart student. He always asks good questions in class.
Step 3 Pre-reading Ss are asked to listen to the tape and find the things they are using or talking about.
Practising on P87 vocabulary
1 “The books are too heavy! I think it’s going to break.”
2 “Oh no! I forgot where I put it! I have written down all the important phone numbers.”
3 “Yum! You have bought it at last. We can have fried fish for dinner. Mmm … I can’t wait to put this fish in it. ”
4 “Hands up! Don’t move or I’ll shoot. Give me all your money!”
5 “Ooooh! I look very nice in this new dress!!!”
6 A: I think we’re lost. What should we do now? B: Don’t worry. I have it here and I know how to use it.
7 “Ouch! I hit myself with it.”
8 A: Hurry up! It’s so dark here. I can’t see anything.
9 “It is shaking badly. Am I going to die? Help! … Oh, thank God!”
10 “I feel sad when it comes to the part in which the two friends become enemies.”
Answers 1 rope 2 notebook 3 pan 4 gun 5 mirror 6 compass 7 hammer 8 match 9 airplane 10 movie
Get the students to think about what it would be like to be alone on a deserted island. The activity is not direct linked to a reading strategy or a structure in the reading, but is intended to be used as a preliminary activity related to the previous parts of the unit. The pre-reading exercise also gives the students an opportunity to practise giving opinions and making decisions.
Explain the situation to the students and give them time to think about what they would bring. The activity should generate different choices and opinions, thus making it a good opportunity for discussion. Tell the students to work in groups. Ask them to describe the usefulness of each item in the box and then decide on the three most useful ones. Make sure that each group member gets an opportunity to speak. Encourage the students to use the structures I think… because…/ I could use it to…/ it could be used to …/ …would be more important than … because … Ask one student from each group to write their answers on the blackboard. Compare answers from different groups and have a short discussion. e.g. 1.I think a knife would be the most useful item, because I could use it to kill animals and cut the meat. It could also be used to cut wood. 2.I also think a box of matches would be useful because I could use the matches to make fire. If I had a fire, I could cook food, stay warm and keep wild animals away. More importantly, if someone saw the fire, they would come and save me. 3.I think a book would be more useful than a radio, because you don’t need batteries to read. And when I read, I would learn about life and the world and forget my loneliness.
Extension 1: Ask the students to think about how the things could help them in other situations, for example, if they were lost in a desert or a forest. Extension 2: Let the students talk about how they would feel in an extreme situation. How would they feel if they were alone on a deserted island? (angry, desperate, lonely, hungry, worried, hopeful, happy, afraid etc.) What would they do to try to overcome these feelings? Extension 3: Ask the students if they have read books or seen movies about island life, for example, Robinson Crusoe, Cast Away, Six days and Seven Nights, etc. How did the main characters survive? How were they rescued? Extension 4 After the discussion, you can ask the students to consider the similarities and differences between spiritual and materialistic needs, i.e. the things we need and the social interaction we need.
Step 4 Reading Listen to tape and finish the following items
CHUCK’S FFRIEND
Background information on the reading :The film Cast Away, starring Tom Hanks, depicts a man’s struggle with solitude and his journey towards self-knowledge. The film shows us how Chuck, a busy manager who never has “enough time,” ends up on an island with nothing but time. He manages to survive on the island and he realizes the importance of friends and friendship. The text, summarized below, describes his experience and the lessons he learns from his unusual friend, a volleyball he calls Wilson.
Guess the meaning of a word or phrase in the text, tell them to mark the word or phrase. Ask the students to list words or phrases that they don’t know. Explain important ones if necessary, but try offering more context of certain words until the students can guess the meaning. Don’t spend too much time going through the new words.
Suggestion for teaching some of the vocabulary of the reading text:
Item Strategy What it means
What is the text about? CLUES The picture shows a man who lives like a wild man, alone. He has to take care of himself. The title says that the text is about Chuck’s friend.
What is the text about? WORLD KNOWLEDGE If I look at the picture and read the story, I may recall other stories about a man living alone on an island, e.g. Robinson Crusoe. In those stories, the man has to learn to find water and food and take care of himself.
What kind of words will be used? GENRE The reading passage is a sort of film review, so I can guess the text will use words about stories, characters, acting and perhaps unusual things that do not exist in the real world.
Cast Away CLUES Form) + SKIP + CLUES (Context) +LOOK UP The words are in italics, so I know that it must be the name of a film or a book. I can probably skip the word and look it up in the dictionary later. If I read the text I will learn that the film is about a man who has to live alone on an island, away from his friends, because of an accident, so I can guess that “Cast Away” refers to the man in the story and his situation. The dictionary says to be left alone on an island after your ship has sunk.
play GENRE +CONTEXT Tom Hanks is a famous actor. He “plays” a man named Chuck Noland in the film Cast Away. I can guess that plays means acts.
survive CONTEXT +WORLDKNOWLEDGE When airplanes crash (fall down), most people die. If, like Chuck, they don’t die, they go on living, so I can guess that to survive means to go on living.
deserted CONTEXT The text tells me that Chuck lands on a deserted island. The text also tells me that there are no people on the island, so I can guess that a deserted place means a place where there are no people.
challenge CONTEXT The text tells me that there are different challenges in Chuck’s life - he has to collect water, hunt for food, and learn to survive without friends. I can guess that a challenge is something difficult that you have to do.
share CONTEXT +LOOKUP I know that I like to talk to my friends when I am happy or sad. If I am sad, talking to a friend makes me feel better. I can guess that “to share” happiness or sorrow means something like “tell others about how I feel” or “make others understand how I feel”. The dictionary says that share means to have the same interest or feeling as someone else.
unusual FORM I know that usual means “something that happens all the time” or “normal.” If I know that the prefix “un-“ means not, I can guess that unusual means not normal or strange.
such as CONTEXT A lucky pen and a diary are examples of favourite objects, so I can guess that such as means for example or “like.”
Summary Ask them to look at the picture and ask one student to point to the picture and retell the main idea of the text.
1 Chuck Noland, a successful businessman, lands on a deserted island after a plane crash.
2 Chuck has to learn basic survival skills on the island. In order to cope with his loneliness, Chuck develops a friendship with a volleyball he calls Wilson.
3 Five years’ life on the island teaches Chuck the importance of having friends and being a good friend. Wilson may just be a volleyball, but their friendship is real and in some ways better than Chuck’s friendships in the past.
4 Human friends and unusual friends are important in our life. Friends and friendship help us understand who we are and how we should behave.
Step 5 Post-reading Exx on Page 4 Ask the students to answer questions about the story. e.g. How can a volleyball become Chuck’s friend? What does Chuck learn about himself when he is alone on the island?
Suggested answers to the questions
1 He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. More importantly, he has to learn to live without friends.
2 He has learnt a lot about himself when he is alone on the island. For example, he has come to realize that friendship is important in his life, that he hasn’t been a good friend, and that he should care more about his friends. (The students may also use present tense, e.g. He learns a lot about himself. He realizes that…)
3 Open for discussion. The students can list basic survival skills.
4 Let the students discuss the question in groups. The question can be discussed in the form of a role-play where each student represents one of the four people and has to persuade the others that he or she should be given the parachute.
5.Have a short discussion about one or more ideas in the text:
1 ) What can we do to be good friends even if we are very busy?
2 ) Does a successful man or woman need friends?
3 ) The text talks about “giving” and “taking.” How do friends give and take?
4 ) What do friends teach us?
5 ) Is it better to have a human friend or an unusual friend such as a volleyball, a pen or a dog?
Step 6 Language study Key to “Word study”:
1 honest, 2 classical 3 sorrow/unhappiness 4 argue/quarrel/disagree 5 loyal/good/true
6 hunt for 7 fond of/interested in 8 brave/fearless 9 in order to/ so as to 10 smart
Student-centered vocabulary learning:
It is very important for students to make their own choices and decisions about what they learn. You can help your students by letting them practise making such choices and decisions.
Give the students a few minutes to make a list of words and expressions from the text that they want to learn. The list should not be too long.
Ask the students to show their list to a partner and explain why they chose these words or expressions.
There are many ways to help the students deal with new words. Begin by letting the students try on their own. If the students can discover the meaning of new words themselves-either by using clues, pair work, or group discussion they are more likely to develop a better understanding of the word. More importantly, the process will help them develop strategies and skills that they can use when they encounter new words. The teacher is responsible for providing guidance and assistance. Give the students time, help as little as possible and in a gradual way. Try to model and encourage positive behaviour-the best way to help is to provide clues and examples. If you “explain” the word or simply translate it, you are not giving the students an opportunity to learn.
1 Encourage the students to try different ways to fix the words in their minds.
2 Some words may have different meanings. You can help the students decide which meaning fits the context.
Unit 1 背景材料:Cast Away 荒岛余生
汤姆汉克斯曾以《费城故事》和《阿甘正传》连续两度获奥斯卡最佳男演员奖殊荣,为自己和别人树立了两座高不可攀的丰碑。经历了一段时间的低潮后,他又再度与赞米基斯(《阿甘正传》的导演)合作,凭借《荒岛余生》一片获得第七十三届奥斯卡最佳男演员奖提名。可惜的是,此奖颁给了罗素克罗(《角斗士》)。据说,奥斯卡评委们是不会让同一个人在十年之内三度称帝的。但汤姆汉克斯的演技可以说无可挑剔。为演好此角,他甚至将体重减少了几十斤。如果你有兴趣,可以找来此片一睹被遗弃荒岛前后判若两人的汤姆汉克斯的模样。
Chuck Noland, who lives in Memphis, is an operation manager at FedEx, an express mailing company. He is hardworking and particularly time-conscious.1 He believes that time is everything: cosmos,2 fortune and misfortune; time is also capable of doing everything, creating and destroying human beings. He has a girlfriend named Kelly Frears, who works at a chemical lab. They love each other very much, though Chuck travels a lot and rarely stays at home. It is Christmas season now. Chuck gets back home and Kelly is very happy to see him. However Chuck is so tired after his business trip to Russia, he is fast asleep when Kelly turns off TV and is about to go to bed.
On Christmas Eve, Chuck, Kelly and his family are having dinner when Chuck's pager3 rings. Another assignment comes. Kelly does not like to see Chuck leave as it is Christmas time now. But Chuck has to go and promises to be back on New Year's Eve. Seeing Chuck off at the airport, Kelly gives him an old watch, inherited from her grandfather, with her photo in it. Chuck is moved and tells Kelly that he will hold on to it for the rest of his life. Then he gives Kelly a small pretty box, saying that this is something special for her and she shall open it on New Year's Eve.
On the way to his destination, the plane Chuck is flying on crashes in the sea due to a heavy storm and a mechanical failure. Fortunately Chuck survives and climbs onto a lifeboat4 after the crash. He still manages to get hold of the watch Kelly gives him.
It rains heavily. Chuck's boat is pushed ashore by waves and lands on a small island the next day. Now the two things he has, Kelly's watch and the pager, are his only possessions. He does not know where he is. There is nobody, not even animals. Chuck writes HELP on the beach with tree trunks. That night Chuck hears strange sound coming from the nearby trees. In the following days, hungry and thirsty, he collects FedEx parcels pushed ashore by waves. Suddenly he hears the strange sound again. He is terrified but then surprised to find the sound is from fallen coconuts.5 The struggle of opening them starts. After trying different ways for a long time, he finally is able to taste his first fruit of success.
One day, climbing onto the top of the mountain on the island, Chuck finds that it is a small and uninhabited island. All of a sudden he spots a man's body near the beach. It is one of the crew.6 Chuck pulls it ashore. With a mixed feeling of fear and sympathy, he hesitantly takes off the man's shoes and flashlight before burying him.
One night in the darkness, he finds a light from afar. It must be a ship. Chuck is very excited and he uses his flashlight for SOS signal. But it is of no use. The light is too weak to be noticed by people on the ship. The following day, Chuck tries to row the lifeboat to the ship. However, big waves turn his lifeboat upside down, and to make things worse, he is injured on the leg. That night there is a heavy thunderstorm. Chuck has to hide himself in a cave. He forgets to turn off the flashlight and the battery runs off.
As the hope of being saved is getting less and less, he faces challenges of survival. An idea strikes his mind, and he opens every and each parcel. Videotapes are thrown away and so are important commercial contracts and documents. A pair of skating shoes, a nightgown,7 and a volleyball are kept. The blades8 are used as knives for cutting, and the nightgown as fishing net. As for the volleyball, Chuck uses his blood to draw a man's face on it and names it ”Wilson“ who gives him spiritual comfort. He begins to talk to the ”man“ he has created and Wilson has become his company.
Next he has to start a fire. Without fire, he has not had any food or hot water for days except eating live fish and drinking rainwater and coconut juice. He gets some wood and works on it for a long time. He almost loses his hope until he discovers that air is important to start a fire. He drills the wood in the middle with a stick while blowing some air in between the two pieces. When a fire is finally made, Chuck sings and dances like a tribesman,9 happy for the first time after landing on the island. He has his first meal, a cooked crab.
Four years later, Chuck becomes an experienced primitive man. He still keeps his girlfriend's photo in his cave. Beside the photo, there stands another companion of his for those lonely years-Wilson. Chuck is so used to talking to Wilson, the volleyball, that he regards as his best friend. Once he throws away Wilson in anger and despair but only finds himself more lonely and desperate. So he searches for it and is very excited to get it back. Then he paints Wilson's face with his blood again so that Wilson has a new face.
One day, he finds a part of the plane on the shore, which gives him an idea. He cuts down the biggest tree on the island and makes it into a man's sculpture. He pulls it up to the highest point of the island and erects it there. Then he plans to build a raft and starts working on it.
Chuck at last completes his grandiose10 project and begins to row towards sea with his dear friend Wilson. At the moment of leaving his island on which he has lived for four years, a sense of sadness overwhelms11 him. He has somehow a special attachment to the island, feeling like leaving his sweet home.
On the journey to get back to the human world, he experiences dangers of sharks, thunderstorms, and despair of losing his best and only friend Wilson who accompanies him for the past terrible years. How many days have passed, he has no idea. One day, a large ship passes by and Chuck is finally saved.
However, his return is not a happy one. Kelly is married and has a daughter. She is so confused and lost about his return that it is hard for her to accept a man who has been “dead” for four years. Besides, her husband tries to convince her that not to see Chuck is in everyone's interest.
One rainy evening, Chuck cannot resist any longer the desire to see Kelly again. He goes to Kelly's in a taxi and knocks on her door. When Kelly shows him their car they used to drive, which she kept for all those years along with all their sweet memories, they are getting so emotional that they kiss each other. But Chuck cools down and asks Kelly to go back home.
Now Chuck comes back to his old self and starts working again. Having delivered the last parcel he has kept from the island, he suddenly senses a new beginning in his life.
1. time-conscious: 时间观念很强。 2. cosmos: 宇宙。3. pager: 传呼机。4. lifeboat: 救生船。5. coconut: 椰子。
6. crew: 全体机组人员。7. nightgown: (妇女的)睡衣。8. blades: (冰鞋的)冰刀。9. tribesman: 部落人。
10. grandiose: 宏大的。11. overwhelm: 使受不了,使不知所措。
Excerpts
Chuck Talks to a Friend about His Experience and Feeling on the Island
”We both had done the math, and Kelly added it all up. She knew she had to let me go. I added it up, knew that I'd lost her. 'Cause I was never gonna get off that island. I was gonna die there, totally alone. I mean, I was gonna get sick or get injures. The only choice I had, the only thing I could control was when and how and where that was gonna happen. So I made a rope. And I went up to the summit to hang myself. But I had to test it, you know? Of course. You know me. And the weight of the log snapped* the limb of the tree. So I-I-I couldn't even kill myself the way I wanted to. I had power over nothing. And that's when this feeling came over me like a warm blanket. I knew somehow that I had to stay alive. Somehow I had to keep breathing, even though there was no reason to hope. And all my logic said that I would never see this place again. So that's what I did. I stayed alive. I kept breathing. And then one day that logic was proven all wrong because the tide came in, gave me a sail. And now, here I am. I'm back in Memphis, talking to you. I have ice in my glass. And I've lost her all over again. I'm so sad that I don't have Kelly. But I'm so grateful that she was with me on that island. And I know what I have to do now. I gotta keep breathing. Because tomorrow, the sun will rise. Who knows what the tide could bring?“
Step 7 Language points Now read the text and explain the following language points if necessary.
1. practise
e.g. We practiced pronouncing the sound again and again.
e.g. Don’t forget to practise after class.
e.g. I practise playing the piano every day.
2. What’s… like?
e.g.--- What is the play like?---Wonderful.
e.g.He seems like an honest man.
3. make sb /th sb/adj./prep…
e.g.A good friend is someone who makes me happy.
e.g.Annie made her diary her best friend.
e.g. They made me repeat the story.
e.g.What made you think so?
e.g He raised his voice to make himself heard.
4. nor//so倒装 +do/does/should/has…+主语
nor 表示否定意义,用肯定形式.
e.g. I don’t know,nor do I care.
e.g. His brother doesn’t like soccer,nor does he.
So 表肯定意义,用肯定形式
e.g.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.
e.g.They had a good time last night, so did I.
So it is/was with +主语
e.g.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engles.
e.g.John likes Chinese but he is not good at it. So it is with Mary.
5. bore, bored ,boring
e.g. He bored us all by talking for hours about his new car.
e.g. She bored with her present job.
e.g. Jimmy could never understand why so many people found golf boring.
6. interest ,interested, interesting
e.g. She has much interest in music and dance.
e.g. I don’t know what interests him indeed.
e.g. I found him greatly interested in poems.
e.g. I don’t think the joke interesting enough.
7. alone.,lonely
e.g. I was alone in the room.
e.g. He feels quite lonely sometimes.Because he has no friends.
e.g.They brought him into a lonely house.
e.g.Crusoe felt lonely when he was alone on the lonely island.
8. regard …as
e.g. We regarded their pets as members of their families.
e.g.We can’t regard the matter as settled.
Step 8. Homework
(1) workbook P88 Reading Many-flavored friends.
(2) Revise the key points of this Unit.
Evaluation of teaching:
The Third Period
Teaching aims and demands
1. The students are asked to master the Grammar :Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
2. Integrating Skill: reading
3. Oral practice: manipulate oral practice relevant to the reading material.
Key points: grammar and reading
Teaching methods: Reading -Sentence structure----explanation
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the key points of the previous lesson.
Step 2. Presentation To ask the Ss pre-writing the following sentences and check them in class.
1.“Today is Thursday” the teacher said.
2. “I’m going to play football.”Tom said.
3. “He lived in New York” Tom told me.
4. “The moon foes around the earth.”he said.
5. “He wanted to go out for lunch today.”his father said..
6. “He has been here for six years” Mr Li told me.
7. “ I will be here for one year.” I said to Mr Li.
8. “You come here quickly.” he ordered.
9.She said to me, “I will ask for some paper”.
10.They asked: “Why did you come here so late?”
Step 3. Grammar Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
Brief explanation of “Direct Speech and Indirect Speech” (1): Statements & Questions
* use Direct Speech when you want to show the exact words someone said or wrote. Use quotation marks to show that you are reporting the exact words a person used and a reporting clause to include information about the speaker and the situation.
e.g. “I had a great time at the picnic,” she told her mum.
(the direct speech) (the reporting clause)
*The reporting clause may come before, within, or after the direct speech. When the reporting clause comes after the direct speech, the order of the subject and the verb may be changed, e.g. Jane said/said Jane. This typically happens when the reporting clause is within the reported speech and the subject is not a pronoun.
e.g. Jane said, “I got a new e-pal. He is from Germany.”
“I got a new e-pal,” Jane said / said Jane / she said, “He is from Germany.”
“I got a new e-pal. He is from Germany,” Jane said / said Jane / she said.
* Use a comma to connect the direct speech and the reporting clause.
* When you change a sentence from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns in order to keep the same meaning.
DIRECT SPEECH à INDIRECT SPEECH
present past
past past or past perfect
present perfective past perfect
past perfective past perfect
e.g. “I’ll take care of you,” Chuck said. à Chuck said he would take care of him.
“Did you get e-mails from your friends?” she asked. à She asked if I had got e-mails from my friends.
“Have you got any e-mails from your parents?” she asked. à She asked if I had got any e-mails from my parents.
*When you use Indirect Speech to report what someone said, you can sometimes change the exact words without changing what the speaker actually said.
e.g Wilson asked, “How long have we been in this place?”à Wilson asked how long you had been here.
Answers to Grammar Exercise 1
1 The visitor said that he was very glad to visit our factory.
2 “I don’t like American movies very much,” the woman said to / told us.
3 Uncle Wang said that there was something wrong with the front wheel.
4 The teacher said to the students, “We are going to have a meeting at three o’clock.”
5 The students asked when they should go outing that autumn.
6 “I’ll try to finish reading the book by the end of this week,” she said.
7 The daughter told her father that mum had gone to the supermarket.
8 “Are you going to mail the gifts to your parents?” Sara’s friend asked her.
9 Tom asked Bob why he had been so excited that day.
10 “How can I solve the problem?” Sandra asked her friend.
Step 4 Post-reading : Grammar Exercise 2
In this exercise, the students have to imagine that they are helping Chuck “hear” what Wilson “says.” The students use Chuck’s answers to guess what Wilson is asking and then write down the question as reported speech. Let the students look at the example and point out that they don’t need to change the verb tense. When they have completed the written part of the exercise, they can use the questions and answers to talk to each other.
Answers to Grammar Exercise 2:
Chuck: I know, I know. You are angry with me. You think we should wait longer, but we have waited long enough already.
Wilson: Why do you want to leave this island?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks why you want to leave this island.
Chuck: I want to leave the island because I miss my friends.
Wilson: Am I not your friend?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks whether or not he is your friend.
Chuck: Yes, you are my friend, but I miss the others.
Wilson: How long have we been here?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks how long you have been here.
Chuck: We have been here for almost five years.
Wilson: How will we leave?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks how you will leave.
Chuck: How will we leave? We will wait for the wind to change. Then we will go out over the reef.
Wilson: That might be dangerous.
You: Chuck, Wilson says that might be dangerous.
Chuck: Yes, it might be dangerous, but we have to try. We can’t stay here any longer.
Wilson: Will you take care of me?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks if you will take care of him.
Chuck: Of course I will take care of you.
Wilson: I’m scared, Chuck.
You: Chuck, Wilson says he is scared.
Chuck: I’m scared, too.
Step 5 Workbook :Answers to Exercise 1:
1 Mary told Yang Mei that she was doing a biology experiment then.
2 Mary told Yang Mei that she was not free that day.
3 Mary told Yang Mei that she must / had to finish her paper that week.
4 Mary told Yang Mei that she would have to stay in the lab until the next day.
5 Mary told Yang Mei that she was going to write a report the next week.
6 Mary told Yang Mei that she had watched a very interesting TV programme the day before.
7 Mary told Yang Mei that She must / had to wait there that afternoon.
8 Mary asked Yang Mei if she would go to the Students’ Club that afternoon.
9 Mary told Yang Mei that she had visited her teacher the day before.
10 Mary asked Yang Mei who was going to study abroad the next year.
Answers to Exercise 2:
Sept 1, Monday
It’s my first day in senior high school. Mother told me to get up early. Father asked me to tie my hair up. I told myself not to worry too much.
When I arrived at school, I ran into my friend Joanna. She said I looked great. (1)I asked her where she had spent her holiday. (2)She said that she had gone to Shanghai and it had been wonderful. (3)She also asked me if I had enjoyed my holiday.
We went to the classroom for our first lesson. (4)Mr Yu asked us if we had had a pleasant holiday. (5)Then he said that he wanted to get to know us, and he asked us to write a short description of ourselves. I wrote it in English. When Mr Yu read it, (6)he said it was well-written.
After school I went back home. I told my parents about my first day in school. (7)They told me that they were proud of me.
1 “Where did you spend your holiday?” I asked /said to her.
2 “I went to Shanghai and it was wonderful,” she said.
3 “Did you enjoy your holiday?” she asked / said.
4 “Did you have a pleasant holiday?” Mr Yu asked us.
5 “I want to get to know you. Could you please write down a short description of yourselves?” he said.
6 “It’s well written,” he said.
7 “We are proud of you,” they said to me.
Answers to Exercise 3
1 Change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech and Indirect Speech into Direct Speech.
1 Hu Ming, the manager says that they run that restaurant to make friends.
2 “We are unhappy about this,” the students’ parents said.
3 Hu Ming says, “A teacher has already told me that I should spend more time on study.”
4 “Running a business takes a lot of time,” all the managers say.
5 Liu Tao says that they don’t have the money to hire enough waiters or waitresses, so they do most of the work themselves.
6 Another boy tells me that sometimes they have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant.
7 “We are doing OK,” Liu Tao says.
Step 6 Homework
(1) Finish off the work in work book
(2) change the 10 sentences into indirect speech
(3) Try to write a news story in about 100 words on page 88
(4) Revise the grammar on page 178 to page 180
Evaluation of teaching:
The Fourth Period
Teaching aims and demands
1. Integrating Skill
2. Grammar and writing
3. Get the students to write an email
Key points: 1. Useful expressions; 2.writing 3.grammar
Teaching methods: Written practice and grammar.
Teaching procedures
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the work exercises.
(2)A test for unit 1
To get the students to Review the grammar and write the passage on page 88
Pal Restaurant is one of the many restaurants where people come to eat, drink, talk and enjoy music. It is different from other restaurants because its owners are a group of college students. “We run this restaurant to make friends,” says the manager, Hu Ming.
But the students’ parents say that they are unhappy about this. “We can’t stop them but we want them to put study in the first place.” Teachers do not support them, either. Hu Ming says that a teacher has already told him that he should spend more time on study.
All the managers say that running a business takes a lot of time. “We don’t have the money to hire enough waiters or waitresses, so we do most of the work ourselves,” says Liu Tao. “Sometimes we have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant,” says another boy.
But Liu Tao says they are doing OK.
3 Answers may vary. Possible titles/headlines include “Study First or Business First?” “Students Running Bar”
Step 2. Integrating Skill
Instruction: The reading describes different kinds of friends. Let the students read the first paragraph and answer questions 1-3, then ask them to think of words that can be used to describe the different kinds of friends. You can also tell the students to choose words from the “5-star friend” activity in the student’s book.
Extension What does it take to make a friendship work? The students can work in groups and select one kind of friendship described in the reading and think about the advantages and disadvantages of such a friendship. What problems might arise? How could they be solved? (The students can refer to the listening activity).
Suggested answers
1 C
2 A fair-weather friend will only like you when you are happy and popular; a forever friend is a true friend and will help you when you are in trouble.
3 List the characteristics of each kind of friend:
A fair-weather friend only likes you when you are happy and popular, doesn’t help you when you have problems. (students can add more)
A school friend studies and plays together with you, sees you in school. (students can add more)
A forever friend knows everything about you, always listens to you. (students can add more)
4 Sarah helped Janet overcome her shyness and deal with her classmates. Janet helped Sarah study math.
5 Answers may vary.
6 You can make friends with people from other countries by reading e-pal/pen pal ads in newspapers or on the Internet.
7 One of the advantages of having friends in other countries is that you can learn more about the world. You can also learn more about other languages and cultures. There are a few disadvantages, including the fact that it can be difficult to be friends if you live far away from each other.
8 Answers may vary. One possible interpretation is that all the people around us could be our friends; friendship is a two-way relationship and it takes work and patience to develop a good friendship.
Step 3 Writing
Ask the students to read the e-mail and find out what the girl wants to know more about. Tell the students to think about what they want to tell the girl. As a pre-writing activity, the students can list the things they want to include in the e-mail. When the students have written the e-mail, you can compare what they have written.
ASSESSING
A learner log is a set of questions that will help the students to reflect on how and what they have learnt. The students are asked to rate their “comfort level” and summarize what they have learnt. You can use this as an activity in class or let the students complete the log at home. Throughout the book we offer different assessment tools and we recommend that you try as many of them as possible. Learner logs and other similar assessment tools are simple to use and have a positive effect on the students’ learning and learning habits over time. The students may find it difficult to answer the questions at first, but if you use the log consistently it will help the students pay more attention to their learning strategies and set better goals. Once the students are used to the format and expectations, you can use the learner log and other assessment activities in combination with discussion and goal-setting activities.
Step 4. Post -INTEGRATING SKILLS
Ask the students to read the e-mail ads in Unit 1 and choose one to reply to. Before the students start writing, they should think about what they want to write.
Extension Use real e-pal ads from the Internet and let the students find a real e-pal from another country. If your students do not have easy access to the Internet, you can simply copy more e-pal ads and bring them to class.
Sample E-mail
Hi Jane:
My name is Xiao Fei and I come from Hunan. Hunan is in the south of China. I am a middle school student and I like speaking English. I read your e-pal ad and I would like to be your e-pal. You wrote that you like rock music. Can you tell me what bands you like? Have you ever heard any Chinese rock bands? You also wrote that you like talking and joking around. I do too! I think you and I can be good friends. Please send me an e-mail as soon as possible.
Xiao Fei
Assessment Criteria:
An e-mail is less formal than a letter and more formal than speaking. A good response to the e-pal ads should include information about who you are and where you are from. Try to encourage the students to use indirect speech to refer to the e-pal ad.
Step 5. Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises in the workbook.
(2)Write an email into my email-box.
(3) Summary the key points in this unit
Evaluation of teaching:
The Fifth period Students have an Integrating examination
The Sixth period Teachers comment the examination and Review the unit.
篇4:高一第一单元语文作文
黑白相间的琴键,就如同一级级台阶。我悠然地拾阶而上,在领略无限风光的同时,心中一直默念:“这个故事永不会停止”。
小时候,我总会坐在窗边,侧耳聆听,沉浸在隔壁传来的阵阵悦耳的旋律之中,那声音好似清澈的泉水在山涧泠泠作响,又似千百的鸟儿在枝头放声歌唱。那一刻我闻到空气中丝丝带着隽永味道的馨香,一个或许幼稚或许冲动的梦想在心中发芽——渴望能坐在黑色的琴凳上,用指尖在黑白分明的琴键上敲出梦想的声音。
当那充满金属质感的钢琴第一次闪耀在我眼前,我一下子被它吸引入怀,迫不及待地想要推开梦想的大门。每晚余晖悄悄爬上琴键时,我便与这架厚重的钢琴为伴。怀着庄严的心坐上琴凳,身体微微前倾,试图读懂这琴谱上富有深意的表达,手指试探性地在琴键上敲击着尚不连贯的音调。琴谱上的线条日益稠密,每道弧线都诉说着音乐间的连接,悠长令人陶醉。面对初识的懵懂,从未忘记那梦想的故事,无论多艰难,梦想让我用快乐去面对。
当听到要准备第一次汇报演出的消息时,我好像一只破茧而出的蝴蝶,跃跃欲试拿起新谱子,然而它的到来并没有我想象如同切开一个西瓜般那样丰富而甜蜜。五线谱上的语言那么艰涩,我皱紧眉头却难以辨认音符间的联系,时而左手,时而右手,难以协调;右手好不容易唱起轻快的主旋律,而左手却太笨拙难以合上节拍;时而枯燥的小节在耳鼓上震动,难以平复内心的烦躁。一个个音符死板地镶在五线谱的黑白之中,望着我仿佛也带着些许苦笑无奈的神情。然而梦想的声音始终萦绕在耳边,我重新鼓起勇气,揉揉疲劳的双眼,认真抬起每根手指,敲下或轻或重的音符。不知练习了多少次,手臂由酸疼变得觉不出酸疼,美妙的乐曲终于从指间流淌而出。面对复杂的琴谱,从未忘记梦想的故事,无论多艰难,梦想让我用坚持去面对。
演出当天我来到后台,心中像有只小兔子在上窜下跳。在脑海中一遍遍过着谱子中易错的地方,手脚并用地打着节拍,嘴里还不停地哼着曲调。轻轻踏上舞台,享受着脚下的每一步,灯光打在那充满金属质感的钢琴上,闪耀进眼中的仿佛是我第一次见到它的画面。我平静下激动的心,双手放于琴键上,一串串优美的音符瞬间响彻礼堂,一个个音符恰似一个个跳动的精灵随着双手舞蹈,在黑白琴键上缓缓流淌。右手高音的歌唱,吟诵着成长的欣慰快乐;左手低音的诉说,讲述着梦想的执着鼓舞。面对台下的掌声,从未忘记那个梦想的故事,无论多艰难,梦想让我用勇气去面对。
我在心中一直默念着:“这个故事永不会停止”。
篇5:高一语文作文第一单元
周末,我一个人去月河古镇玩。古镇很大,漫无目的地逛了半天,已然是黄昏时刻了。小巷的游人渐少,我倚着石栏,看夕阳正好,看廊桥古亭映在流水中央;花瓣一瓣一瓣滑落,落入水中打破倒影泛起淡淡涟漪;又闻古琴,仅几声不成调的音符,就让人心弦微动。我不禁安静倾听……
黑瓦白墙下,纤长的手指缓缓地拨弄琴弦,琴声缠绕着思绪,交织在耳边,一声声敲击着苦闷与心烦。缥缈的琴声声声入耳,像是在诉说古镇的过往,那百年前的繁华早已被人遗忘。
古琴,是老者的象征。其深沉的音色,和缓的曲调,就像是位经历岁月风霜的老者在缓缓诉说那逝去的时光。古琴自古被赋予修身悟道的神圣格调,
古代的人们对于古琴的推崇甚至到了难以想象的高位。之前,我一直认为这不过是古代帝王文人的吹捧,到今日才些许明白这古琴的奥义。
琴声本身醇厚深沉,旋律优美,可以拉回被世俗纷扰的心,让人安静品析山水,亲近自然,所以文人雅士大多都借古琴,逃脱人世间的纷扰,净化内心,来找回本心,重归自然。
琴声悠扬,内涵宽广,正因为这样,古琴才会有这么高的评价,所以,自古以来,手指弹拨的并不是琴弦而是心弦,古琴的弹奏从不是表演,而是心与心的交谈。琴音悠悠,是历史的余音,也是心灵的倾诉。
在古代,世家公子们在弹奏古琴时,格外地神圣——斋戒,沐浴,焚香,净手——保持身心洁净才有资格弹琴。西汉时期文人们便认为“八音之中,惟弦为最,而琴为之首”。
这是古人给琴尊贵的地位。而至现代,这门古老的艺术像古镇的繁华过往,一般被人们淡忘,人们听的多得大多是古筝,古筝古琴一字之差,天差地别。古筝悦耳,古琴悦心;
古筝声声醉我心,古琴悠悠定我意。若把古筝比作花旦,那古琴便是青衣。听古琴与听古筝不同,听古筝,则是听其音,而听古琴则是听其情,曲调不是不动情,只是没有到动情之处。玉指之下,丝丝琴弦,撩拨了谁的心弦,诉说的又是谁的流年……
修长的手指勾过琴弦,声声琴音穿过古巷。淅淅沥沥的雨丝落下,划过屋檐,伴着花瓣悠悠落在琴弦,琴音雨珠,一股忧愁缓缓蔓延,雨珠顺着琴身,滑落一地伤痕,敛音停弦,有余音绕梁,思绪飘远,淡淡忧伤!
撑把油纸伞,走在青石板小巷,淅沥的雨水打湿花窗,那声声琴音依旧在脑中回荡,连接着历史悠悠的过去,承载着百年斑驳的岁月。
篇6:高一第一册第一单元作文
摘录:想到这里,我抬头望了望满天的恒星,我想:如果真有这么一次机会,我会选择做一颗恒星。正在这时,一颗流星划破了夜的沉静,在天空中留下了一道美丽的长弧,继而消失在天边。我呆住了,原来流星也很美丽!
正文:望星空
今夜,凉风徐徐。我独自漫步在门前的小院里,皎洁的月光从天空中直射下来,四处清晰可见。我仰望天空,天上的星星像无数盏明灯映入了我的眼帘……
“如果上帝给你一次机会,让你选择当恒星还是当流星,你怎样选择?”这曾经是好友问我的一个问题,当时我无语。
望星空
此时,仰望满天星星,我开始思索:人生是要像恒星一样默默无闻永恒于世,还是要像流星一样,在瞬间放出耀眼的光芒,然后消失在茫茫宇宙中?
在现实生活中,我曾看到过无数的恒星:清洁工人每天天未亮就去打扫街道;老师站在讲台前向学生传授着时代的文明;十字路口的警察叔叔正指挥着交通;海防战士正守卫着我们伟大的祖国……这些默默无闻的人难道不值得我们去赞扬吗?他们勤劳、奉献,但从未计较得到的多与少,日复一日、年复一年地坚守在自己的岗位上,就如夜空中的恒星,默默地发出星光……
我爱恒星,我喜欢它们的沉默,我敬佩它们的付出。
想到这里,我抬头望了望满天的恒星,我想:如果真有这么一次机会,我会选择做一颗恒星。正在这时,一颗流星划破了夜的沉静,在天空中留下了一道美丽的长弧,继而消失在天边。我呆住了,原来流星也很美丽!
在我的身边,流星般的人不也是有很多的吗?战争时期的董存瑞舍身炸雕堡,鼓舞了很多年轻的战士勇往直前;雷锋助人为乐,帮助了无数在困境中需要帮助的人们……他们的生命虽然都十分短暂,可他们给予整个社会的却无法计算,在他们短暂的人生中,留下了辉煌的事迹,难道他们不值得我们去赞扬、去歌颂吗?流星是短暂的,但它留给人们的却是永远不会磨灭的美丽,永不暗淡的光亮!
我也爱流星,流星的生命虽然短暂,但流星短暂的生命中却有着辉煌的历史。流星的轰轰烈烈,重重地拨动着我的心弦!
思索到这儿,我微笑了,我想:一个人可以像恒星一样默默无闻发出光亮,也可以像流星一样轰轰烈烈。如果上帝真要我只能从中选择其一,那么我会对他说:“只要社会需要,我会不顾一切地扮演好每一个角色!
夜,很静。星星在头上眨着眼睛,仿佛对我的选择感到欣慰。我理了理被吹乱的头发,再次仰望满天星星,我从心底喊道:星星啊!从你身上我懂得了人生的真谛,我会用我的整个生命,去实现我的人生价值——或如恒星默默无闻;或如流星轰轰烈烈!
篇7:高一第二册第一单元作文
摘录:表姐的性格有二怪,她的这种“不怕苦不怕累”的精神传遍了大街小巷。于是,一封封的情书像雪片似地飞到表姐手中,许多青年都想娶她为妻。
正文:表姐二怪
远在他乡的表姐与我并无血缘关系,她只是我的干表姐而已。她的大名叫郑翠红。
她有许多漂亮的衣服,配她匀称,矫健的身材,总是那么的好看。可最吸引人的,还是那柔滑的黑发衬托下的俊秀的面庞。当她笑起来时,腮旁两个浅浅的小酒窝和被睫毛遮住的隐隐发亮的眼睛,仿佛向外辉映着难以形容的柔和光芒。但她的性格却与外表截然不同。她有二怪,哪二怪呢?
一、女孩要当泥水匠
干老爷家是泥水世家,老爷和舅舅都是泥水匠。自古以来这个行业都是男人干的,而表姐偏要当个泥水匠。“女孩当泥水匠合适嘛”舅舅犹豫着。表姐拍着胸膛,坚定地说;“爸,我们家吃口重,我没有哥,弟妹孩小,再加上您身体不好,让我当泥水匠,不是减轻您地负担么?“舅舅经不住表姐地再三要求,只好答应了下来。就这样,1992年,17岁地表姐就成了舅舅地徒弟,跟班作业了。
一天,表姐刚收工,有一个人讽刺她道:“女孩子孩当泥水匠,是吃闲饭吧!“表姐听后非常伤心,回家后大哭一场,她委屈地说:“妈,我不去了。“嘿,真没用,干了一天就不干了。”舅舅拍着表姐的肩膀,鼓励她说:“女人怎么啦?你应该做哥样子出来让那些人看看。”舅舅听见了,面露犹豫,随后又肯定地说:“他们说你是吃闲饭地,我就不相信,不要听那些风言风语,一定要争气,学点真本领出来!“表姐突然抬起梨花带雨般的脸,拍着桌子说:“对!女人也是人,一定要为妇女争口气。”
之后,表姐再也不理别人的闲言飞语,只管埋头苦干。终于,靠着自己的勇气与胆量,练出了一双灵巧的手,再也没有人敢说她是吃闲饭的了。这不是一怪吗?
二、表姐娶丈夫
我只听说男子娶老婆,却没有听说过女人娶丈夫的,而表姐又偏偏要与众不同。
表姐这种“不怕苦不怕累”的精神传遍了大街小巷。于是,一封封的情书像雪片似地飞到表姐手中,许多青年都想娶她为妻。可表姐却不要,最后选中了一个叫“华冬福”的武警战士。表姐对她说:“我家弟妹小,爸妈身体不好我不放心他们,你能不能到我家来?”华动福爽快地答应了。,姐夫华冬福和表姐在家中举行了简单地婚礼。人们一下子传开了:“23岁的女能人要娶丈夫罗!”女的娶丈夫,这不怪吗!
这就是表姐的二怪,但是想想,这一点也不怪。新时代的女性就应该这样,男人能干的事情,女人也能干。
篇8:高一第一单元作文望星空
高一第一单元作文望星空
这是我记忆中的一件事,但这件事让我难忘至今。
以往夏天的晚上是最美的,因为天上布满了星星,平时能数清楚的到这个时候连数的希望都没有!而我有一处绝好的观星台,那就是我外婆家的天台!
那时外婆家对我来说是一个人间天堂!为何这样说?因为这里的夜晚很迷人。那时外婆家较高,周围的房屋都比较矮,远望十里都能看清楚远方的房屋,所以对于无边无际的天空更是毫无阻碍,一望无际!而且外婆的'阳台又宽敞又干净,周围没有虫和蚊子,在上面玩耍就更没顾虑了。
记得第一次去外婆家时,外婆惊奇的看着我,我跟外婆说:“婆婆,阳台借我用。”“哦!”外婆有点结巴地说道。我一路小跑上阳台,跑到上面,在正中央就地躺下,那时正好7点钟,夜幕开始降临,天空中缓缓地出现一个个亮点,从一个÷两个÷三个,然后越来越多,十分钟后就数不清有多少了!外婆轻轻走上来,走到我身边,问我在干嘛,我跟她说好,夏天每晚都过来这里看星星,外婆笑着没说话就下去了,我知道那就是说同意我每晚都来。过了几分钟,见外婆拿上来一张凉席和一个枕头,我起身就接过,谢了声,外婆又下去了。我把凉席铺好,放下枕头就睡下去了。我又拿出MP4,打开音乐,一边听一边看着天空的星星,真是好美的星空,而且时不时会吹过来阵阵凉风。不知不觉,在环游星空的我睡着了。在短短的梦中,我继续遨游在美丽的星空中!
不知什么时候,一个笑声把我惊醒,我睁开眼,就看见外公在旁边笑:“哦呵呵呵呵呵!”听见外公笑,我全身都打了个寒颤,外公笑得好阴森恐怖,笑完后外公就走了。看看表,已经9点半了,我起身,把凉席收好,跟外婆外公说了声再见,然后就骑车回家了。
第二天来时,阳台上已经铺好了凉席,我依旧按照昨天一样,躺在凉席上,听着音乐,依旧看着星空睡着,依旧被外公的笑声惊醒,但那却是快乐的事情!
以后每年夏天,我都会到外婆的阳台上去看星星,因为那里带给我无限的乐趣。但因为外婆去年上了石歧住,所以我也再没有去过外婆家了,但那里还是以往我最喜欢去的地方。只要一到夏天,我就会想起在星星阁看星星的事!
篇9:高一语文第一单元作文
规则,约束行为;规则,培养习惯;规则,助人成功。规则中铸就辉煌,规则中绽放睿智!
——题记
溪流循着大海”有容乃大“规则的,才浩荡出势不可挡的汹涌,大树浸润了“困难孕育成功”的规则,才造就了参天大树的雄奇壮丽;小草领悟了坚持不懈的规则,才成就了“春风春又生”的顽强;雄鹰博览了“天高任鸟飞”的规则,才铸就了“欲与天公试比高”的翱翔。拥有良好的规则,才能成就圆满的事业。
规则对人的影响是不容小觑的。细微的小事之中总能体现发人深省的哲理。“山羊过独木桥”作为学校传统的团体比赛项目,却在今年的预赛中出现了新情况,导致运动员和裁判激烈争论。这说明,这项比赛的规则仍然不够健全,还有待于完善。同时,这更加值得我们深思——规则。个人的成功需要规则,民族的振兴需要规则,国家的富强更有赖于规则。
对于个人来说,规则是一面镜子,更是一把戒尺。每个人置身社会生活中,总要面对各种各样的规则,有了规则的约束,生活才会井然有序。遵守规则,更能体现出一个人的道德素养,思想水平。遵守社会规则,才能奏响生活之歌;完善人生规则;都会成为命运强者!
悠悠中华,五千年岁月。那秦的强大,怎能离开严厉的规则;那唐的昌盛,又何曾不是依靠完善的规则。唐太宗李世民任人唯贤,虚心纳谏,严格要求自己。他恪尽职守,具有强烈的责任感和使命感。作为天子,为文物百官树立了一个良好的典范。遵守规则,知错就改。李世民携百官开辟了一个”贞观盛世“,把唐朝带入了一个开明繁荣的时代!
历史也同样告诉我们,规则的退化,注定是失败。推出的是”取之尽锱铢,用之如泥沙“的挥霍,铭记的却是”楚人一炬,可怜焦土”的秦之泪。规则的完善与否,决定王朝的兴衰。天宝后期,唐玄宗懈怠政事,贪恋女色,整天饮酒作乐。他与唐太宗李世民背道而驰,导致前所未有的盛世开始走向衰败,让光芒四射的李唐王朝褪去了昔日的风采……
历史用它生动的语言为我们诠释规则的意义,生活以它独到的方式给我们呈现规则的真谛,拥有严明纪律的军队,才会拥有战斗力;具有合理道德行为规范的社会,才会正常运转。规则,时时刻刻影响着我们的生活,正所谓“没有规则,不成方圆。”遵守规则,完善规则,培养习惯,铸就辉煌!
篇10:高一第一单元作文英语
高一第一单元作文英语
Upon graduation, virtually all college students will confront the problem of the career choice. It is truly a tough choice. Students opinions differ greatly on this issue. Some hold that priority should be given to their interest in jobs, but others take the attitude that salary is the most critical factor influencing their career choices.
As to myself, I prefer the latter view. A well-paid job exerts a tremendous fascination on a great number of people, with no exception to me. Although it might be impossible to measure the value of one’s job in terms of money, salary counts most when I choose my future career. In my view, our career choices largely depend on how and where we have been brought up. come from a poor urban family and my parents were both laid-off workers. In order to finance my tuition, they have been working hard over the past four years. As the only son in my family, I have to shoulder the burden of supporting my family.
In short, salary is the first and only consideration in my choice of career.
篇11:高一第二册第一单元作文
摘录:“老叔”并不束缚我们,他跟我们玩起来。玩耍中,我们充实了小孩子那天真、活泼的天性,变得更好问更爱思考了。
正文:孩子王“老叔”
幸运的我生活在蔚蓝的海边,度过了无忧无虑的童年。我爱海,当看着那瓦蓝的天,蔚蓝的海,无不时刻让我想起“老叔”。他有像海一样博学的知识,像海一样宽广的胸怀,像海一样那么可亲、可敬。
老叔并不老,三十岁出头,他有一张天生幽默的脸孔,还有着那么一张特会说话的嘴巴。“老叔”的独自里藏着讲也讲不完的故事。小时候我们都是他中忠实的听众。夏夜,孩子们都是很积极地搬来背椅,请“老叔”上座后,大家都围坐在他地身边,津津有味地听他讲“孙悟空三打白骨精”“林教头风雪山神庙”,“诸葛亮草船借箭”……听到入神处,孩子们都双手托着腮,眼睛一眨不眨地盯着神采飞扬的老叔,周围静极了,只有老叔那抑扬顿挫的音调,一切都时那么和谐,童稚的心在默默中学会了辨别善和恶,美和丑。
夏日里,草丛中是我们孩子王的天下,我们最热衷的事莫过于捕蝉了。想想,让那一只胖胖乎乎的家伙在袋子里叫着、撞着,该有多美呀!可是,你别急,别看这家伙很胖,反映还挺灵敏的呢!稍不小心,就只能:望蝉兴叹了。老叔的捕蝉技术特高,只要有他一起去,我们那小小塑料袋就成了小小的王国,里面动着挤着,热闹极了。回到家里,迫不及待地抓出一个胖家伙,剪掉小翅后,再拿起根线系住脚,放开手,似乎是自由了。那家伙着急地扇着翅膀,想奋力冲出,可却又摆脱不了绳子地束缚,像无头苍蝇似地到处乱飞乱撞,都得孩子们“咯咯”地笑着。
“老叔”并不束缚我们,他跟我们玩起来。玩耍中,我们充实了小孩子那天真、活泼的天性,变得更好问更爱思考了。“老叔”从自己得言传身教让我们受到潜移默化的教育和美的熏陶,让我们又一望无垠的大海搬的宽广的胸怀,就拿一个心胸狭窄的人当政来说吧,那他的国家一定不会好到那儿去。一个小肚鸡肠的人很难治理好国家,甚至连他本人都不会被社会所接受,而会被淘汰。“老叔”的话时时刻刻记在我的脑海里。
可是,分手的日子还是在不知不觉中来临了。因为“老叔”工作的调动,如今快八年了。他那亲切的笑容和熟悉的声音,一切仿佛都只能称为回忆。但在我心目中,“老叔”他永远是我们最好的朋友,最好的老师!
篇12:高中语文第一册第一单元教材分析
高中语文第一册第一单元教材分析
1、《沁园春・长沙》
2、《雨巷》、《再别康桥》
3、《大堰河,我的保姆》
篇13:高中语文五册第一单元试题及答案
一、按要求完成下列各题
1.下列词语中加点的字,读音全都正确的一组是( )
A.赍发(jī) 盘缠(chan) 玷辱(diàn) 胭脂(zhǐ)
B.尴尬(ɡà) 口呐(nà) 髭须(xī) 朔风(shuò)
C.拾掇(duo) 央浼(měi) 规矩(jù) 祈祷(qí)
D.妥当(danɡ) 憎恶(zēnɡ) 滑稽(jī) 吼啸(xiào)
2.下列各组词中,没有错别字的一组是( )
A.酒馔 伏侍 喝采 交头接耳
B.庇佑 撮合 恶梦 唉声叹气
C.严峻 虔诚 委屈 成帮搭伙
D.绊倒 分辩 报歉 不假思索
3.下列各句中加点的虚词,使用正确的一句是( )
A.不知是学生的热情感染了我,或者是由于长期工作形成了习惯,我急切地要把这所学校的情况报道出去。
B.刘勰的《文心雕龙》、弗洛伊德的《精神分析引论》,既然是经典著作,都不适宜选作中学语文教材。
C.愤激而不刻露,深切而不艰涩,出经入史而无“掉书袋”之嫌,张中行先生的晚年之文可谓“绚烂之极归于平淡”。
D.艺术的价值必需实现在人与人的对话过程中——虽然这种对话,未必总需要用有声语言或文字来进行。
4.下列句子中加点成语的使用,不正确的一项是( )
A.他只喜欢学数学,数学成绩很好,除此之外别无长物。
B.在中国遭受罕见地震重创、举国哀悼之时,__喇嘛在德国柏林集会发表演说显然不合时宜。
C.尽力的让自己对待每一件事和每一个人都保持平心静气,你会惊讶地发现,自己得到了一份平静,也收获了更多的爱。
D.许多市民已经习惯了自作主张,凭经验自己买药给自己治病,特别在抗生素方面。
5.下列各句,没有语病、句意明确的一句是( )
A.对于能不能一手抓物质文明,一手抓精神文明的问题,大家的回答是肯定的。
B.新课标中,选修课的开设,使同学们的兴趣和特长得到了充分的发挥。
C.如果不重视网络道德建设,一些道德败坏现象及消极落后思想就可通过网络影响人们的身心健康,违反正常的社会秩序,损害改革发展的大局。
D.人非圣贤,孰能无过?年轻人经验不足,在实际工作中难免犯一些错误。
6.下面对文学常识的表述,不正确的一项是( )
A.施耐庵,元末明初小说家,中国四大名著之一《水浒传》的作者。《水浒传》描述北宋末年宋江起义和失败的经过,塑造了大批栩栩如生的人物,如武松、李逵、鲁智深、林冲、黄盖等。
B.契诃夫,19世纪末俄国伟大的批判现实主义作家,幽默讽刺大师,短篇小说的巨匠,著名剧作家。他的许多作品猛烈挟击沙皇专制暴政,再现“小人物”的不幸和软弱。他的名言“简洁是天才的姊妹”成为后世作家孜孜追求的座右铭。
C.沈从文,现代作家、历史文物研究家。原名沈岳焕,湖南风凰人,苗族。他的小说取材广泛,描写了从乡村到城市各色人物的生活,其中以反映湘西下层人民生活的作品最具特色。
D.小说反映社会生活的主要手段是塑造人物形象。小说中的人物,我们称为典型人物;这个人物是作者根据现实生活创作出来的,他不同于真人真事,“杂取种种,合成一个”,通过这样典型的人物形象反映生活,更集中、更有代表性。
7.填入下列横线处,与上下文衔接最恰当的一组是( )
茶峒河是酉水的一条支流,河水明澈如镜。________。当地的顽皮伢仔喜欢在这里撒尿,笑咧咧地夸口:“哈,老子一泡尿浇遍三省!”________。还是“拉拉渡”,不用篙或桨,不过牵船的蔑缆换成了拇脚趾粗的钢索了。摆渡的还是个老人,________,也许是有的,一时半会儿不知跑到哪儿玩耍去了。
①茶峒,以沈从文的著名小说《边城》以此为背景而闻名。
②《边城》中描写的那个渡口还在,据说渡口恰是三省的交界点
③渡口还在老地方,不过尖头的渡船变成方头的了
④当地人说,当年翠翠和她的爷爷就住在这儿的一间木屋里
⑤只是不见翠翠和黄狗
A.②③⑤ B.①③④ C.①③⑤ D.②③④
二、阅读下面文字,按照要求回答问题。
(一)
走运
[波兰]雅?奥卡
我碰见了处长,他从树林里出来,老远就对我喊:“你看我手里是什么!这蘑菇太漂亮了!”
“真漂亮。”我随声附和。
“你看这斑点多好看!”
“是好看。”我同意。
“你还不向我祝贺?”
“衷心祝贺您,处长同志!”我说。
其实,这是毒蝇菌,毒大得很,可是不能讲,讲了他该多么难堪!而且会影响我今后的提升,所以我恨不得马上溜之大吉,没想到他偏偏缠住我:“你还没去过我家吧?今天我请你吃煎蘑菇。”
“我生来不吃蘑菇!”我大吃一惊,马上撒谎说,“我这些天又闹肚子!”
“好蘑菇可是良药呀,”处长说服我,“连病人都可以放心大胆吃,你就跟我走吧!”
“不行,处长同志,”我都要哭了,“我有个要紧的约会……”
“你这是不愿去我家?”处长皱起眉头问,“那我可要生你的气了!你瞧着办吧……”
我只好跟他去,我真后悔,没有一见面就告诉他这是毒蝇菌。现在无论如何不能再说,一说,好像我有心害死他似的。
……酸奶油煎蘑菇端上了桌,处长兴高采烈,就像三岁的孩子,我虽然强作苦笑,心里却在默默与亲人告别了。
“这么漂亮的东西,都不忍心往嘴里放!”处长一边说一边把碟子往我跟前推。
“吃了真可惜,咱还是不吃为好!”我说。
“你是怎么回事,连句笑话都听不懂,快吃吧!”处长用命令的语调说,“对,我得查查这蘑菇叫什么名……”
他走后马上赶回来,脸都白了,对我说:“朋友,我错了,这是毒蝇菌!毒大得很!”
“可是我已经吃了好几口。”我又撒谎。
“我害了你,”处长吓坏了,“真荒.唐,正好还赶上要提升的关口!”
救护车来了,我被送到医院去洗胃……
……处长提升了,我也沾了光。现在,有时我装装头晕……我还得了一笔奖金呢,这是该我走运。
8.写出文中“我”的心理变化的脉络。
答:_______________________________________________________________________
9.毒蘑菇在这篇小说中起什么作用?有无特殊含义?
答:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
10.这篇小说为何命名为“走运”?
答:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
11.下列对这篇小小说的解说,不正确的两项是( )
A.《走运》的核心物件是毒蘑菇,从“我”对毒蘑菇的不同反应中表现出了“权力使人异化”这个主题。
B.文中“我”明知有毒和处长的不知形成对照,表现了我的软弱和处长的热情。
C.我开始撒谎说“我生来不吃蘑菇”,而当处长知道有毒后又撒谎说“已经吃了好几口”,谎言逐步达到极致,与其说蘑菇毒,不如说官场中谎言之毒。
D.所谓的“走运”使我差点儿付出生命的代价,这是因为我碍于情面、自作自受。
E.本文构思巧妙,通过将许多情感凝集在对蘑菇的反应上,由此折射出丰富的普遍存在的东西。
(二)
小说如何才能“好看”
董兆林
小说要想写得好看,首先要有故事。
故事是一篇小说高度凝炼之后的内核,是小说的心脏。现在,越来越多的人认识到故事在一篇小说中的重要性。有的刊物开辟的栏目就叫“好看小说”。其前提是好看的小说应有好看的故事。
小说家是艺术家。正如音乐家是用优美的乐章思维一样,小说家是用故事来思维,他的人生观、个性由此体现出来。读者想要知道引起自己兴趣的人物命运如何,事件的发展趋势、结局是什么,情节会满足这种要求。故事应该能够表现人物性格的发展,能够和题材相适应,合情合理;情节像不断引导读者兴趣的路标,一步一步带领读者进入自己的艺术殿堂,进入你所要求的那种心境。你不能轻易让读者看出你的意图,要不断设置障碍,甚至误导读者,声东击西,一会儿让读者最不愿的事情发生,一会儿又让读者意料不到的事情出现,千方百计抓住读者的注意力,让他看不出上了小说家的圈套。
现实主义题材的作品好理解,有些意识流小说或心理小说等,情绪化东西四处弥漫,似乎不容易理解。其实,这类小说也是有故事的。它的故事虽然只是一种意向、情绪上的扑朔迷离,但包裹着心理内核是能感受出来的。一切外在的东西就由此繁衔出来。这类作品中故事可能是在一个你不熟悉的或没有料到的平面上,它们可能写的是心理的、情绪的或内在的事物。
直觉与思想也很重要。
作家的文化底蕴是衡量作品深度、成败、高下的尺度,主题思想的体现往往与文化底蕴相辅相成,互为补充、完善。一部小说打动读者的也往往体现在这方面。
那么,思想意识又从何而来呢?小说家的思想更多的是来自于他的感觉(直觉)。他可能仅仅意识到人物应该这样而不应该那样,情节这样发展比那样更流畅。为什么如此,则很多人可能并不能自觉地意识到。
小说家并不是哲学家。深奥的思想也许并不能产生优秀的小说作品。直觉是认识的出发点,它将人的主观感觉以艺术化的形式表现出来,这仍是艺术的特殊属性。这其实也符合一个规律,如果先有立意(意欲表现什么)的桎梏,围绕这个什么“主题”来硬加上些东西,这是创作上的大忌。其次,作家的创作主题意图与受众阅读后获得的主题感受常常并不相同,甚至南辕北辙。“直觉”意识是弥足珍贵的,它如电光火石般稍纵即逝。把握住这可贵的“一瞬”,则有赖于作家长期的思考。思考是一个过程。一方面是对过去积累的思想意识、精神、道德评判、价值观等等的体验,另一方面是对叙述表层下各种主题碎片予以挖掘、整合。
寻找作品的深度,直觉往往是致命一击。
小说家应该从正在发展、变化、行进中的历史(现在时),而不是从已经发生的历史(过去时)去提炼自己的思想意识。要有超前的洞察力和观察力,敏锐、敏感、极富预见性,善于发现别人所忽略的现象和细节。具有有别于一般人的认识活动,能辩别出事物的基本性格特征,当别人只看到部分时,小说家能预见到整体,能抓住其精神实质。除细节外,他能看出决定人的精神状态是什么,周围人没有注意到,而常常连作品中人物自己也意识不到的东西,从而创作出人物独特的性格。那时,也许是人物自己左右、操纵着自己的命运发展。特别是当你把人物尽可能的想透彻,而人物已经在你心中生根、变得有血有肉、呼之欲出的时候,更是如此。因此托尔斯泰说:先不去想情节的发展,在写作之前,先把自己的人物尽可能的认识清楚。
作家的观察力不是“摄影”,而是能够引起作家共鸣而又经过作家透彻理解的那些观察,才能使作家创作出非常真实、生动、能够表现社会面貌的优秀作品。
优秀的小说家总是在追求着叙述语言的个性化,完善着自己的叙述风格。但就整体而言,写作者在写作主体意识上对叙述语言着意进行把握、操纵者,似乎较之以前要少多了。平白直露的作品比比皆是。许多作品仅仅是在叙述一件事,讲述一个故事而已。叙述语言的技巧艺术荡然无存。
语言是体裁的一种表达形式,不同的体裁有不同的载体。诗歌的语言特征与小说就截然不同。就小说而言,叙述是其艺术表达的一个重要因素。其主要特征为,第一,叙述是小说的本体语言,是叙事文学的一种内在活动。语言构成其内在结构形式,能给读者以总体感受。这是其基本特征。第二,叙事语言是一种冷静、客观的描述语言,它是介乎于表现性(情感性)和逻辑性(形而上)的语言之间,或者抒情性和议论性的语言之间,带有一定节制特征的语言形态。第三,包容性。这取决于叙事者的叙事态度,在叙述语言常规下所掩盖的“次语言”特征,显露出其潜在的功能指向。“次语言”是被包容的,从属的,被兼容于叙事语言中。比如,散文化小说,可能抒情因素占主导地位。诗化小说,可能短句式占主导地位。现代小说,则可能语言的隐喻特征更明显。
语言决定风格。理想的小说叙述语言的特征应该是:传神、韵味、简约。传神将使笔下的人物生动,富有活力,征服读者,使人久久难忘。好的作品留给人的往往是一个难忘的形象。这也体现了“文学即人学”的命题。韵味带给人的是愉悦、美感和享受。这是阅读带来的快乐。简约则是大家境界,一种大化而至的境界。语言的运用如返璞归真般出神入化,也许就是一些常见的“白话文”,但你能强烈感受其不同寻常。
作家应该深入生活,固守家园。
托尔斯泰说:作家绝对不要写他自己不感兴趣的东西。“不感兴趣”似可理解为不熟悉。这是一个简朴的道理。社会环境决定作家的思想、感情、情绪等等,很难想象脱离生活环境会孕育出优秀作品。深入生活是一种体验。文学创作是一种个体性非常强的精神劳动,它崇尚独特的人生体验。深入生活,这是一个现实而又永恒的话题。
“固守家园”则是找到自己所属的一方创作福祉,这应该是自己最熟悉、人生情感割舍不掉的精神寄托之地,它能赋予你情感的追求,能使之和自己达到水乳交融的境界。
我们读阎连科的耙耧山脉系列小说,无不为他如外科手术般剥离中国农民的筋脉,酣畅淋漓甚至是残酷地探究其生存真相的艺术执著所折服。作家把这块精神家园已经深深地融入了自己的血液之中,直至把中国农民骨子里的精髓写透。
山东高密东北乡可以说是莫言梦牵魂绕的一块土地。读莫言的山东高密系列小说,我们能强烈地感受到,他是在用自己的生命感受着民族的苦难和困惑,并且把这种情绪幻化到故土的人和物之中,在这种极富乡土气息的文化背景中,体验出时代的矛盾和民族的情绪。
而陕西作家叶广芩的家族系列小说,在将历史、文化、世事沧桑与当代社会相交织所生发的怀恋逝去的显赫中,一方面让人体会到深厚的中华文化氤氲其中,另一方面又有对中国人特有的一种文化人格予以的缜密剖析。将家族故事置于历史的流变中,赋予小说以高妙。
把精神家园变成自己的创作源泉,你会从中不断发现、提取有益的养料。它会取之不绝,不断激发你的创作激情,直至经典横空出世。
12.小说怎样才能“好看”?请分条概述。
答:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
13.为什么说“小说家并不是哲学家”?
答:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
14.“作家的观察力不是‘摄影’”,对这句话应该如何理解?
答:_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
15.“作家的创作主题意图与受众阅读后获得的主题感受常常并不相同,甚至南辕北辙”,你在阅读过程中有过这种体验吗?请举例说明并谈谈你对此的看法。
答:_______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
16.下面对这篇文章的解说,不正确的两项是( )
A.正如音乐家是用优美的乐章思维一样,小说家是用故事来思维的,只有在情节上不断设置障碍,甚至误导读者,才能一步一步带领读者进入自己的艺术殿堂。
B.小说家应该从正在发展、变化、行进中的历史(现在时)和已经发生的历史(过去时)中去提炼自己的思想意识。
C.小说家要具有超前的洞察力和观察力,具有有别于一般人的认识活动,能辩别出事物的基本性格特征,能抓住其精神实质。
D.阎连科的耙耧山脉系列小说、莫言的山东高密系列小说、叶广芩的家族系列小说都是写的自己最熟悉并赋予了情感追求的作品。
E.作家应该“固守家园”是说作家要守住并依托自己最熟悉、人生情感割舍不掉的精神寄托之地,并从中不断发现、提取有益的养料,作为自己的创作源泉。
三、作文
从以下题目中任选一个,写一篇作文,不少于600字。
1.根据《装在套子里的人》的情节,发挥合理的想象,写《别里科夫结婚以后》。
2.以下是一篇小小说的开头,请你认真阅读后,根据情节续写,要求合乎情理,具有启迪意义。
水泊梁山大减员
上峰有令,要求各机关单位实行减员增效。水泊梁山自然也在此列。
水泊梁山一把手宋江在传达会上说此次减员遵循“优胜劣汰”原则,实行民主集中制,先广泛听取大家的意见,再由水泊梁山大减员委员会研究研究,对108位首领的德、才、勤、绩等逐个逐项进行考评,最后决定谁去谁留。末了,宋公明言辞严厉地说:此次是动真格的,108位首领非得下去一大批不可,而不像以前几次。希望大家作好思想准备!
会议一结束,水泊梁山便像一口煮沸了水的大鼎,闹闹哄哄乱糟糟。有不屑一顾嗤之以鼻的,有大发牢骚骂娘的,有窃笑不止的,也有叫苦不迭的……但很快也就肃静了,大家该干什么干什么去了,毕竟这是件关系到身家性命的大事,马虎不得。
几天过后,谁去谁留宋头领心中已经有数了。而此刻,他正在决定众位头领的去留……
篇14:高中语文五册第一单元试题及答案
一
1.D脂(zhī) 呐(nè) 矩(jǔ)
2.C A喝彩B戍守D抱歉
3.C A不知是……还是B虽然……却D必须
4.A
5.D A表意不明B“兴趣”与“发挥”不搭配C“道德败坏现象及消极落后思想”与“违反正常的社会秩序”不对应
6.A黄盖是《三国演义》中的人物。
7.A
二
(一)
8.明知有毒,不敢说穿——硬着头皮,参与“食毒”,——随机应变,假装“中毒”。
9.毒蘑菇在这篇小说中起线索作用,并具有象征意义:屈从权力是人灵魂的毒素。
10.“走运”应是指碰到好运气,可文中的“我”却遇到处长挖到毒蘑菇而不自知,还邀请我吃毒蘑菇这种事,按理说这是件倒霉事,可屈从权力而又向往权力的我,却凭借谎言最终化险为夷,得到提升。这种所谓的“走运”反映了虚假逢迎却官运亨通的官场游戏规则。
11.BD (B这种对照体现了情节发展的内在紧张,主要表现了“我”的虚假。D并不仅限于“碍于情面”,主要是“我”对权力的屈从,“我”是权力的奴隶。)
(二)
12.(1)小说要想写得好看,首先要有故事。 (2)作品的主题思想要有深度和文化底蕴。 (3)要有传神、有韵味、简约的语言。
13.有哲学家那样深奥的思想也许并不能产生优秀的小说作品,小说家的思想更多的是来自于他的感觉(直觉),“直觉”如电光火石般稍纵即逝,是作家长期思考的结果。
14.优秀作品并不只是像“摄影”那样照搬生活的图景,而是经过作家深入观察并透彻理解、引起共鸣才创作出的非常真实、生动、能够表现社会面貌的作品。
15.略
16.A B
三
17.略
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篇15:高中语文第一册第一单元教材分析
必修一第一单元──诗歌单元
重点:抒情,意象。
这个单元指导学生品味、鉴赏诗歌。在具体接触文本之前必须让学生明确,诗歌是以抒情为主的文学样式,即使是叙事诗,也把抒发感情放在一个极为重要的位置。中国是诗的国度,抒情诗极为发达,“情”是诗的内核。《毛诗序》中说:“情动于中而形于言。”钟嵘《诗品》中说:“气之动物,物之感人,故摇荡性情,形诸舞咏。……动天地,感鬼神,莫近乎诗。”别林斯基说:“情感是诗的天性中一个主要的活动因素;没有情感就没有诗人,也没有诗。”众多论述表明,情感抒发是诗歌最主要的美学特征。感情是诗歌的内容,人们可以把一部小说、一篇散文、一个剧本的内容复述得头头是道,但是,要复述一首诗写了什么内容,却非常困难,你只能说它表达了一种什么情感,你从中悟出了什么思想。感悟力差的读者,读一首稍微晦涩一点的诗,可能什么也得不到。可以说,诗歌的思想情感就相当于小说散文剧本叙写的内容。诗评家吕进说得好,诗歌内容是“诗是生活的大海蒸发出的纯净、美丽的云霞。读者从诗中所得到的是感情上的满足、启示与享受”。
如这个单元所选编的这些名篇佳作的主题,可以共用一个“情”字来概括:《沁园春・长沙》中青年诗人的革命豪情,《雨巷》中对丁香姑娘的朦胧爱情,《再别康桥》中对母校的绵绵别情,《大堰河,我的保姆》中对“母亲”大堰河的赤子之情,教学时用“情”这根红线来贯穿,学生必大有思想和情感的收获。
正因如此,教学这个单元的诗歌,要让学生反复诵读作品,体会诗人表达的情感,以丰富心灵,陶冶性情。
这个单元的鉴赏重点是情感与意象。情感与意象,既是指单元鉴赏重点,也可以说是诗歌鉴赏的主要方法,即:鉴赏这些诗歌,一方面要注意体会诗中表达的思想情感,另一方面要分析诗中运用的意象。或者说通过分析诗歌中的意象来体会作者的思想感情。
意象是诗歌理论中一个非常重要的概念。“意”即欣赏者的心意、情志,“象”即形象、物象,意象即审美主体眼中的形象或心中的物象,是主体与客体的统一,有形与无形的统一。欣赏一首诗,外行眼中只是词语与词语的连接,内行眼里却是意象与意象的组合,这些组合担负着表达诗人思想感情的任务。“鸡声茅店月,人迹板桥霜”,表面看是“鸡声”“茅店”“月”“人迹”“板桥”“霜”六个词语的连缀,六种似乎不相干的物象的拼凑,而从诗歌艺术角度看,是六个意象的组合,而这六个意象又是经过诗人精心选择,是为表达诗人心中的情感服务的。人们所熟知的古代诗词中常见意象如“春草”“杨柳”“梅花”“明月”“秋风”等,早已不是仅指客观事物本身,而是饱含了诗人强烈的主观感情,读者一看到它们,就会引发丰富的情感联想。
新诗中的意象虽然不如古诗中的意象那样集中、鲜明,意蕴丰富,广为欣赏者所关注与接受,但仍然是欣赏中不可忽视的内容。
教学中,要注意区分新诗中的描述性意象和比喻性意象(又称为实生活意象和象征性意象)。描述性意象或实生活意象,在《再别康桥》《大堰河,我的保姆》两首诗中用得较多,如前一首诗中的“云彩”“金柳”“波光”“水草”“星辉”“夏虫”等,后一首诗中在对大堰河辛苦劳作的生活场景的描写中,诗人用了集束描述性意象群,渗透了诗人对大堰河悲惨身世和凄苦命运的深切同情。而像《雨巷》中的“丁香”“姑娘”、《风雨》中的“风雨”“舵手”等,则为比喻性意象或象征性意象,我们初中学过的艾青的《我爱这土地》一诗中的“土地”“黎明”“河流”“歌唱”等,也属于这类意象,它们表达的.诗人思想情感丰富深刻,更吸引人,因而更值得揣摩、品味。
再有就是鉴赏诗歌有多种方法,除了抓住诗歌中的意象,尽可能展开联想和想像,理解诗歌的主旨,体会诗人表达的感情之外,还有知人论世(注意作品的写作背景和诗人的思想状况,但又要避免用时代背景去简单地印证作品的思想内容,不以特定的政治事件或诗人的政治遭遇与作品内容一一对应),还有要注意欣赏诗歌的形式美,分析诗歌的表达技巧;还要品味诗歌凝练、含蓄、富有跳跃性和音乐性的语言等。这些可在授课时根据需要处理。
具体操作过程:1.反复朗读;2.分析意象;3.发挥想像;4.感受真情;5.陶冶性情;6.学写新诗。(出示雨巷课例)
其中反复朗读、发挥想像是读诗的基础,这是最基本的训练,也是容易做到的,在本册课本“表达交流”中有“朗诵”一节,较为全面地指导学生朗诵,可提示学生提前阅读,其中朗读的知识、方法、技巧(表达与交流)等可供学习本单元时参考;分析意象、感受真情是教学重点,分析意象又是教学难点,学生可能不懂什么是意象,不会分析意象,应该教给一些关于意象的知识,明确了概念有利于顺利地把握和分析诗中意象;学写新诗体现读写结合的原则,是更高要求,读诗与写诗可以互相促进,但在本单元读诗是更基本的。毕竟还是初始阶段嘛。
《高中语文第一册第一单元教材分析》篇16:高中语文必修二第一单元教案二
人教版高中语文必修二第一单元教案(二)
人教版高中语文必修二第一单元教案(二) 安工大附中 高一备课组 《囚绿记》教案 学习目标: 1、把握文章抒情线索。 2、理解文章的深刻内涵。(重点、难点) 3、树立积极的生命价值观。(重点) 课前准备: 1、学生认真预习课文。 2、学生合作搜集艺术家勇于面对苦难的例子。 教学时数:二课时。 教学过程: 一、导入新课 1、导入: 要求学生用成语说出看后的感受。 如心旷神怡、赏心悦目、生机勃勃、朝气蓬勃、绿色是希望之色,是生命之色,它不仅是芸芸众生喜欢的颜色,也是文人墨客歌咏的颜色。这样充满生命力的绿色,我们“求”之不得,可有人却偏偏要“囚”住它。要想理清其中缘由,请让我们一起走进陆蠡的《囚绿记》 二、研读课文 第一块:与陆蠡相识 学生根据自己搜集的资料谈作家作品。 巴金回忆一位作家时说,他有“优美的性格和黄金的心”,同他谈话,“仿佛听完一曲贝多芬的交响乐,因为,我是和一个崇高的灵魂接触了”。 陆蠡是一位真诚勇敢的作家,也是一位文如其人的作家。现在让我们一起研读陆蠡的散文代表作《囚绿记》,去接触他那崇高的灵魂。 第二块:走近那抹绿 1、绿是什么?“我”为什么如此热爱这抹绿? (圆窗外面长着常春藤。当太阳照过它繁密的枝叶,透到我房里来的时候,便有一片绿影。) (绿色是多宝贵的啊!它是生命,它是希望,它是慰安,它是快乐。 我忘记了困倦的旅程和已往的许多不快的记忆。 人是在自然中生长的,绿是自然的颜色。) 2、为什么要“囚”绿? (让绿色和我更接近,更亲密。我拿绿色来装饰我这简陋的房间,装饰我过于抑郁的心情。我要借绿色来比喻葱茏的爱和幸福,我要借绿色来比喻猗郁的年华。我囚住这绿色如同幽囚一只小鸟,要它为我作无声的歌唱。) 3、我“囚”住了那抹绿吗? (可是每天早晨,我起来观看这被幽囚的绿友时,它的尖端总朝着窗外的方向。甚至于一枚细叶,一茎卷须,都朝原来的方向。 永远向着阳光生长的植物 它渐渐失去了青苍的颜色,变得柔绿,变成嫩黄;枝条变成细瘦,变成娇弱,好象病了的孩子。) 第三块:评论那抹绿 联系当时的社会背景,对作者“囚绿”的行为,对这位被囚的“绿囚”你是如何理解的? 前后四个人讨论后回答。 本文是作者在抗日战争爆发一年后写的,作者回顾了一年前在北平寓所将窗关的常春藤囚禁起来的事。 (因为绿蓬勃向上,充满生机;因为绿永远向着阳光,固执,坚持已见;因为绿使处于孤独、寂寞、苦闷中的作者以精神的激励,所以,他深深地爱绿――一株常春藤。因而将它囚。 作者那份对绿的渴望,表现了他对生活的热爱,对光明的向往。常春藤的不屈不挠;显示了生命不可侵犯。) 全班交流中明确,形成 板书 蓬勃 生命、希望 绿 向阳 象征 向往光明、自由 固执 坚贞不屈的民族气节 小结:作者借一株常春藤,抒发了对光明与自由的向往之情。作者以一株常春藤为线索,牵出无限的情思,唱出了一曲绿色生命之歌。绿色是自然给予人类的审美心理需求,它给人以和平安宁的象征,给人以生命活力的感召力量。古诗词中就有不少写“绿”的名句,能背几句吗? 预设 日出江花红胜火,春来江水绿如蓝。 白居易 春风又绿江南岸,明月何时照我还。 王安石 碧玉妆成一树高,万条垂下绿丝绦。 贺知章 诗家清景在新春,绿柳才黄半未匀。 这些诗句中写到绿,体现了诗人独特的感悟、思想,因此千古传颂。绿在视觉上给人以美感,色彩美;心理上使人愉悦,安宁。这就是一般人都喜欢绿,爱绿的原因。而我们的作者在“烽火四逼”的民族危亡时刻,不仅写爱绿,更赋予绿以时代需要的象征意义――(齐读板书。)我们从中窥见他渴望光明、自由,呼唤永不屈服于黑暗的“崇高的灵魂”。他确实有一颗――“黄金的心”。在那抗日救国的年代,《囚绿记》确实像一盏明灯照亮了我们民族的心灵。 第四块:拓展“那抹绿” 其实我们每个人就是一抹绿色,免不了要被生活的苦难和痛苦囚住。遗憾的是,有的没有能够永远向着阳光生长,枯萎了!就以一些作家艺术家为例吧…… 你能举出一些被人生的苦难“囚住”了但“永远向着阳光生长”的“常春藤”吗? 自由发言。应该知道的正面的有司马迁、张海迪、史铁生、海伦凯勒、保尔柯察金、苏轼、李白等。反面的有海子、梵高、海明威、川端康成等 总结语:艺术家的心灵和灵魂大都是纯净、复杂、深邃又有很多有痛苦的,有一些人自杀了,原因虽然不尽相同,但有一点是相同的:对自己对人类对这个世界感到绝望。 我们每一个人都应有一颗追求真善美之心,拥抱善良和纯真,善待生命,珍视生命,善待他人和世界,像司马迁、张海迪、史铁生、海伦凯勒、保尔柯察金一样,在人生的风风雨雨里,让生命之树永远向着阳光生长! 结束语(生齐读):当我们的生命之绿被囚住时,我们不能失去生机,更不能枯萎和凋落!要永远向着阳光生长!勇敢地追逐生命的美丽和辉煌! 第五块:抒写“那抹绿” 请同学们从表现手法角度好好品味一番,就你感受最深的某一特色,写一段200字左右的鉴赏文字。 写景要抓住特征 教学目标: 学习抓住景物特征描写景物; 掌握描写景物的几种方法。 教学过程: 一、布置预习课文《写景要抓住特征》,思考:课文中老舍《济南的冬天》节选和宗璞《紫藤萝瀑布》节选,分别抓住了景物的什么特征? 二、学生回答预习思考题。 三、操作步骤: 1、多媒体展示几幅荷塘图:(可到网络上下载) 2、要求学生写一段描写荷塘的文字,写后读给同学们听。师简要评析。 3、师展示朱自清先生以下文字。 “曲曲折折的荷塘上面,弥望的是田田的叶子。叶子出水很高,像亭亭的舞女的裙。层层的叶子中间,零星地点缀着些白花,有袅娜地开着的,有羞涩地打着朵儿的;正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星,又如刚出浴的美人。微风过处,送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动,像闪电般,霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着,这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。” 教师简要点评,说明写作技巧应向文章本身学。分析得出作者是如何层层深入地写景的,即 绘形、绘色、香味。 顺序:环境(位置)--------定语 + 描写的对象-------比喻、拟人等。 (说明:斜体字板书) 4、要求学生用此种公式写一段景物。 (学生思考且起立朗读) 5、提示学生朗读课本P74中“景物描写还要突出感情特点”至“当然也印上了作者细腻委婉的艺术风格”一段话,明确写景是单纯的描写,真正的描写还要有其他的条件。 6、分别举孙犁、宗璞、许瑜萍三人写荷花的片断。 “那密密层层的大荷叶迎着阳光舒展开,就像铜墙铁壁一样,粉色的荷花箭高高地挺出来,是监视白洋淀的哨兵吧。” 《白洋淀》 “那是满地的新荷,圆圆的绿叶,或亭亭立于水上,或婉转地靠在水面,只觉得一种蓬勃的生机,跳跃满池。绿色,本来是生命的颜色,我最爱看初春的杨柳嫩枝,那样鲜,那样亮,柳枝儿一摆,似乎蹬着脚告诉你,春天来了。荷叶,则要持重一些,初夏,则更成熟一些,但那透过活泼的绿色表现出来的茁壮的生命力,是一样的.。再加上叶面上的水珠儿滴溜溜滚着,简直好像满池荷叶都要裙袂飞扬,翩然起舞了。” 《西湖漫笔》 “每天清晨经过荷塘,总是能看到一池荷韵。从冬日的衰落到春日的绿意、繁盛、凋零。一如人生的起落。当风起水皱,湖润雨清的日子,清荷亭亭,绿裙裾上青意滚滚,水生秀色,抑或刀风烈日,如丹青杰作的风荷依旧清色冰姿,气宇凌仙。年年荷花都能从丝毫不见生机的枯萎中复生,而我的老师却不能了。那一个年轻的身影走进了翩翩的荷叶间,稍不留意便无迹可寻,只余下清香袅袅。” (许瑜萍《又是清荷盛开时》) 教师说明三者之不同。 问:由这几人写荷叶荷花,由这些材料,你会得出一个什么结论?(提示:各人写荷花,有什么不一样之处?) 学生自由回答后教师展示: 景物是客观的,人的眼睛心情千差万别。同一种景物在不同人的眼睛里形色味是不同的,心情不同,感受不同,文章主旨不同,景物也随着千变万化,任何描写都要目的明确,为表达内容服务,哪里需要描写,如何描写,都要从表达的需要出发。 教师进一步结合以上三段景物描写分析说明:描写景物时,要确定一个主题,一个思想感情,这样写才能有针对性。 7、运用课堂上学到的方法,写一段描写景物的文字。 (1)写作要求: 对象:操场上的大枫杨树 主题环境:温馨祥和 角度:绘形、着色、传神、动态。 描写:环境(位置),然后是定语+描写的对象,然后用一些比喻、拟人等手法 (2)写作说明: 对象不一定是操场上的大杨树,可以是家乡附近的等等,主题环境也不一定是温馨祥和,但写好后应先说明写的中心是什么,是什么样的感情基调。 8、学生写作并朗读所写文段。 《成语:中华文化的微缩景观》教案 教学目标: 1.明确成语的来源,了解成语的结构特点。 2.感知成语与文化的关系,认识成语承载了极其丰富的文化内涵。 3.梳理学习过的成语,做到能正确运用成语。 教学过程: 一、成语的来源 成语的来源:来源于神话传说、寓言故事、历史故事、文人作品、外来文化。 二、成语的结构: 成语的结构:主谓关系、并列关系、动宾关系、偏正关系、补充关系、承接关系、转折关系、递进关系、选择关系、因果关系、条件关系、目的关系、假设关系、让步关系等等。 二、成语的运用。 1.做做下面的游戏。 成语填空 一、六畜成语 六畜就是:牛、羊、马、鸡、犬(狗)、豕(猪)等六种牲畜的合称,并泛指农家所饲养的各种家禽、家畜而言。下列成语中都含有六畜的名称,你是否能把这些空格填入正确的答案呢? 塞翁失___ 顺手牵___ 偷___摸___ 汗___充栋 ___尾续貂 亡___补牢 __鸣___盗 人仰___翻 ___入虎口 鹤立___群 ___ ___不宁 二、量词填一填 下列成语皆有一字空白,必须填“单位量词”!试试自己的实力喔! 形单影___篇17:高中语文暑假作业第一单元复习试题
1.B 思路解析:B项充分体现的说法在原文中无依据。
2.D 思路解析:据原文莎士比亚戏剧将人物命运归咎于主观原因与具有宿命论色彩构不成因果关系。故D项与原文不相符。
3.A 思路解析:B项,莎士比亚突破了时代的限制和文人思维的固定性的说法在原文中没有根据。C项,关汉卿戏剧表现的是悲剧的客观性,所以主人公信任王法,寄希望于清官并不是窦娥悲剧的原因。D项,根据原文,关汉卿和莎士比亚在人物设置上采用了相同的手法。
4.D 思路解析:D项只好认命,表现了她的软弱不当,应为反映了当时吏治的黑暗和百姓的走投无路。
5.思路解析:对这段唱词的分析,可以从塑造人物形象和反映的作品主题两个方面分析。
参考答案:这三段唱词一方面表现了窦娥的宁死不屈的倔强性格和善良本性,另一方面也反映了昏官的残暴无道。
6.思路解析:从修辞手法的角度看,是排比和夸张,从句式角度看,是短句。结合课文的主题分析其作用即可。
参考答案:唱词中画线的语句采用短句和排比、夸张的修辞手法,生动形象地描写了昏官的残暴和窦娥所受的拷打之重。一杖下,一道血,一层皮,三个短句,节奏急 促,对比鲜明,令人触目惊心。
7.思路解析:本题考查体会重要语句的丰富含义,品味精彩语言的表达艺术的能力。解答时需从台词的表面意思和深层意思两个角度思考。这句台词是吴县长对他的父亲说的,直接点出了不要搞虚假,因此应该从虚假这里突破,研究吴县长的心理,由此可得出答案。
答案示例:①这句台词说明了吴县长深知官场不说真话的虚假现实,的确对搞虚假的现象有厌恶之感;②说明吴县长在官场的虚假现实中饱受浸染,受影响颇深,怀疑一切,连自己的父亲都不相信。
8.思路解析:本题考查分析文章内容,把握文章思路的能力。解答本题可从两个角度进行思考:一是结构, 二是内容。结构上,可从线索入手,内容上,可从主旨入手。然后结合文本内容阐述即可。
答案示例:(1)知心话是贯串全文的线索,对话都是围绕知心话展开的,本文的情节发展和矛盾冲突都与之紧密相连。(2)知心话是本文的核心内容,本文的主题就是通过父子两人的知心话来表现的,知心话突出并升华了本文的主旨。
9.思路解析:本题考查分析作品体裁的基本特征的能力。四处舞台说明,各有用意。第一处,说的是舞台的布置,第二至四处都与故事情节及人物形象有关。因此,解答此题,必须结合故事情节和文本内容进行分析,才能得出答案。
答案示例:①第一处,交代故事发生的时间、地点、环境、人物,设置情境,增强舞台气氛;②第二处,写吴父的动作、神态,展现人物的心理活动,为下文作铺垫;③第三处,渲染气氛,突出吴父心灰意冷的心理感受,推动故事情节发展;④第四处,表达吴父心中的不满和愤怒,刻画人物性格,突出人物形象。
10.思路解析:本题考查对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读的能力。解答此题必须明确题干的要求:表现主题艺术性。对这两者的分析,缺一不 可。解答时,需要涉及对主题的表现,更为重要的是必须落实到艺术性上来。
答案示例:这两个问题的设置极其巧妙,直接引出了戏剧的冲突,不仅最舒坦最惬意和最慌张最着急形成鲜明对比,对 于同一个问题,父子二人的回答也形成了鲜明对比。 这种艺术处理直接把农民和官员的真实心态展露出来,再现了现实生活,深刻地揭露了社会上存在的'官场文化,对此进行了批判。
11.答案:D 思路解析:A项当真的当应读dng,融汇贯通应为融会贯通应读zn,犄角之势应为掎角之势嗔怒的嗔应读chēn,计日成功应为计日程功。
12.答案:B 思路解析:A项面目全非意为事物的样子改变得很厉害,多含贬义。C项昭然若揭指真相大白。D项顺藤摸瓜比喻沿着发现的线索追根究底。
13.答案:A 思路解析:B项,成分残缺,去掉随着 或使,把才能够放到国家C项搭配不当,在抓紧后加组织D项结构混乱,去掉是必不可少的。
14.思路解析:所谓颁奖词,就是用中肯的语言,对这部书作出客观的评价。语言上追求精练,有文采,可以运用一定的修辞手法。
答案示例:莫言的《蛙》,颁奖词称:在二十多年的写作生涯中,莫言保持着旺盛的创作激情。他的《蛙》以一个乡村医生别无选择的命运,折射着我们民族伟大生存斗争中经历的困难和考验。
15.思路解析:第一个问题可以依据中期的两条曲线的发展方向分析,此时工作效率开始出现下降,而激励力度却一直保持上升趋势。第二个问题,可以从怎样激励员工提高工作效率的角度思考。
参考答案:(1)团队的工作效率开始逐步下降,激励力度进一步提高 (2)在不同的时期,要根据团队工作效率的变化,调整激励力度
16.写作提示:这是一首蕴涵着深刻寓意的哲理诗,理解诗歌的寓意是关键。这首小诗的诗题是错觉,错觉的含义是:对客观事物不正确的反应。就其范围来讲有物理、生理、心理、艺术再审读诗歌的内容:双方均以为对方过得比自己好它们都没有看到自己的优势,都处在自怨自艾之中。在理解诗歌内涵之后,我们就可以围绕小诗的含义立意选材了。
篇18:高中语文必修2第一单元知识点
高中语文必修2第一单元知识点
《荷塘月色》 《故都的秋》 《囚绿记》
【知识梳理】
1、基础盘点
(1)字音:
踱步duó 弥望mí 颤动chàn
宛然wǎn 霎时shà 梵婀玲fàn
渺茫miǎo 煤屑xiè 落蕊ruǐ
夹袄jiá平仄zè 颓废tuí
歧韵qí 房檩lǐn 驯鸽xùn
譬如pì 细腻nì 瞥见piē
涸辙hé 茎叶jīng 婆娑suō
猗郁yī 移徙xǐ 囚系xì
圆弧hú 尘垢gòu 黝黑yǒu
栅栏zhà 俯瞰kàn 水涡wō
短暂zàn 虚掷 zhì 徜徉cháng
缪斯miù 澄清chéng 曲折qū zhé
袅娜niǎo nuó 颤栗zhàn lì 混沌hùn dùn
葱茏cōng lóng 漪澜yī lán 黑魆魆 xū xū
潭柘寺zhè 蓊蓊郁郁wěng脉脉含情mò mò
一椽破屋chuá 削皮xiāo 剥削xūe
纤腰xiān 纤夫qiàn 隽永juàn
隽秀jùn 幽禁jìn 禁不住jīn
安宁níng 宁愿nìng 创伤chuāng
创chuàng建 露水lù 露相lòu
厚薄báo 刻薄bó 薄荷bò
参差cēn 参与cān 人参shēn
疏落luò 落枕lào 大大落落luō
落在后面là 折腾zhē 折叠zhé
折耗shé 差别chā 参差cī
差劲chà 出差chāi 穿着zhuó
着急zháo 走着zhe 着数zhāo
独处chǔ 妙处chù
(2)字形:
点缀 啜泣 辍学 拾掇 没精打采
斑驳 倩影 喝彩 敛裾 了截爽直
萧索 落寞 严厉 学历 再接再厉
喇叭 咳嗽 攀援 玷污 掂量
惦记 漂浮 深邃 吞噬 常春藤
船舶 停泊 嬉戏 闲暇 瑕不掩瑜
名闻遐迩 娇嫩 矫情 娇生惯养
骄兵必败 鞭挞 黯淡 轻歌曼舞
漫不经心 枝蔓
(3)词义:
弥望:充满视野,满眼。
脉脉:形容水没有声音,好像饱含深情的样子。
翁蓊郁郁:形容树木茂盛的样子。
一叶知秋:看见一片落叶就知道秋天要来临了。比喻发现一点预兆就料到事物发展的趋向。
猗郁:茂盛的样子。
急不暇择:着急得没有时间选择。
揠苗助长:比喻违反事物的发展规律,急于求成,反而坏事。
(4)文学常识及名段名句:
文学常识:
①朱自清(1898~1948),原名自华,字佩弦,号秋实。祖籍浙江绍兴。朱自清是诗人、散文家、学者,又是民主战士、爱国知识分子。毛泽东称他“表现了我们民族的英雄气概”。
②郁达夫(1896~1945),原名郁文,现代小说家、散文家,浙江富阳人。1922年与郭沫若、成仿吾等组织了“创造社”。1930年参加中国左翼作家联盟。主要作品有短篇小说《沉沦》《春风沉醉的晚上》等,在不同程度上揭露了旧社会的罪恶,向封建道德大胆挑战,有一定的积极意义,但也有颓废色彩。散文以游记著称,情景交融,自成一家。
名段名句:
①《荷塘月色》第四、五、六段。
②采莲南塘秋,莲花过人头;低头弄莲子,莲子清如水。
③二十四桥明月夜,玉人何处教吹箫。
2.疑难提醒
抒情散文重在抒情。将这种情诉诸文字,往往不是直露无遗的,而是通过精巧、绵密的构思,富有华彩或哲理性的语言,在写景、状物、叙事中深婉迂曲又自然而然的表现的。这种情感,打上了作者个性、人格的印记,具有真实性、独特性;同时,它又是社会生活、时代风云在作者心底留下的痕迹,具有社会性、时代性。所以,同学们在复习这一单元散文时,要理解作者寓情于景、情景交融的写作手法,同时,要了解相关的写作背景,走进作者的心灵。
3.方法精要:
方法一:
阅读写景状物的散文时,要展开想象的翅膀,力求身临其境般地感受作者心灵的搏动,体会作品所描绘的美景,理解作品的思想,分享作家的个性思想。
方法二:
阅读时,遇到精彩的句子,可以做一些批注,写一写自己的心得。同时反复朗读优美的段落,最好背诵下来,这样反复咀嚼,就可以增强对散文的鉴赏能力。
【写作广场】
1、素材积累
课内素材:
(1)曲曲折折的荷塘上面,弥望的是田田的叶子。…… 遮住了,不能见一些颜色;而叶子却更见风致了。(学习作者运用的比喻、排比和通感的修辞手法,并学习合理安排描写顺序。平时养成细心观察周围事物的习惯。)
(2)秋天,无论是什么地方的秋天,总是好的;可是啊,北国的秋,却特别地来得清,来得静,来得悲凉。(学会使用“文眼”,总领全文。)
(3)南国之秋,当然是也有它的特异的地方的,譬如廿四桥的明月,钱塘江的秋潮,普陀山的凉雾,荔枝湾的残荷等等,可是色彩不浓,回味不永。比起北国的秋来,正像是黄酒之与白干,稀饭之与馍馍,鲈鱼之与大蟹,黄犬之与骆驼。(学会使用对比的手法,突出要描写的事物。)
(4)从槐树叶底,朝东细数着一丝一丝漏下来的日光,或在破壁腰中,静对着像喇叭似的牵牛花的蓝朵,自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意。说到了牵牛花,我以为以蓝色或白色者为佳,紫黑色次之,淡红者最下。最好,还要在牵牛花底,教长着几根疏疏落落的尖细且长的秋草,使作陪衬。(描写景物要细致,要有自己的主观感受。)
(5)像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊,早晨起来,会铺得满地。脚踏上去,声音也没有,气味也没有,只能感到一点点极微细极柔软的触觉。(调动各种感觉器官来感受景物。)
(6)一个湖是风景中最美、最有表情的姿容。它是大地的眼睛;望着它的人可以测出他自己的天性的深浅。湖所产生的湖边的树木是睫毛一样的镶边,而四周森林蓊郁的群山和山崖是它的浓密突出的眉毛。(描写景物要插上想象的翅膀。)
课外素材:
(1)我也喜欢鸟
不过
比你贪心一点
总共拥有几万几千几百零几只
统统养在天空里
陈斐雯《地球花园》
(2)为了让你相信
我们真的可以拥有
一座地球花园
请原谅
我不让你摘花
陈斐雯《养鸟须知》
(3)那花丛中飞舞的蝴蝶,永远属于我,被我捉住的那只,我倒是永远的失去了。
泰戈尔
(4)采着花瓣之手,得不到花的美丽。
泰戈尔
(5)人们啊,你可知秋天为何有一个丰厚的收获?因为它有一个成熟的头脑。
题记
秋实
秋天了,成熟的果实却低下了头,它不是在孤芳自赏,也不是在自我陶醉,更不是哀泣自己将跌落枝头。它是在想:我是怎样成熟的呢?
不是风,我能成熟吗?怕早已霉烂了;
不是雨,我能成熟吗?怕早已干瘪了;
不是光,我能成熟吗?怕早已苍白了;
不是热,我能成熟吗?怕早已憔悴了。
世界上有不经过风吹雨打而成熟的果实吗?
世界上有不经过光射日晒而成熟的收获吗?
秋色
秋是什么颜色?
谷子说:秋是黄色的,我就是叫秋风吹黄的。高粱说:秋是红色的,我就是叫秋气染红的。棉花说:秋是白色的,不然,我哪里会有这银装素裹呢?墨菊却说:秋是黑色的,我开放的花朵就是证明。松柏说:秋和夏没什么区别,都像我一样青翠。
秋天听了摇摇头说:不,不,我是五彩缤纷的。如果我只属于一种颜色,那秋天该是多么单调啊!
秋味
你品味过秋吗?它是什么滋味?
苹果说:秋是香的,不信你闻闻;甘蔗说:秋是甜的,不信你尝尝;槐籽说:秋是苦的,不信你嚼嚼;秦椒说:秋是辣的,世上的人没有不知道;红果说:秋是酸的,连山里的石头都晓得。------真是众说纷纭,各抒己见。
秋天笑了笑说:你们的见解对一半错一半,我是香的,又不单是香的;我是甜的,又不只是甜的;我是苦的,又不光是苦的;我是辣的,也不全是辣;我是酸的,更不尽是酸的。在我的收获里,充满着酸、田、苦、辣各种味道,不信,就请去问问那饱经忧患的庄稼人吧!
( 节选自刘增山的《秋魂》)
2、写作训练
(1) 作文材料
我们生活在大自然中,雄奇的山峰,广袤的原野,欢快的溪流,深沉的海洋,都会引起我们的沉思;朝晖夕阴,寒来暑往,花开叶落,鸟语虫鸣,都会引起我们的遐想。在沉思和遐想中,我们会有所感悟。
要求:①以“感悟大自然”为话题,写一篇文章。②题目自拟。③文体自选。④不少于800字。
(2)写作指导
大自然中引起我们沉思遐想的东西太多太多了。所以,在写作过程中,应针对具体而实在的东西展开,不能把话题中的“大自然”作为感悟的直接对象,应从“大自然”的众多事物中选择你最能感悟到人生哲理的事物来写,要从小处着眼,写出自己真实的感受及领悟,特别是领悟方面,要多下功夫。例如,花有花开花落,花灿烂的绽放时你会感悟到人生的美丽,要珍惜青春年华,勤奋学习,让生命发出灿烂的光辉;随风飘落时你会感悟到“化作春泥更护花”的崇高精神境界。写“悟”,可以散见于全文,也可以凝聚于篇尾。如果感受和领悟独到新颖,语言过关,就能写出好的文章。
(3)范文赏读
落 叶
窗外有一棵法国梧桐,样子并不大的。春天的日子里,它长满了叶子。枝根的,绿的深,枝梢的,绿的浅:虽然对列相间而生,一片和一片不相同,姿态也各有分别。没有风的时候,显得很丰满,娇嫩而端庄的样子。一早一晚的斜风里,叶子就活动起来,天幕的衬托下,看的见那叶背面了了的绿的脉络,象无数的彩蝴蝶落在那里,翩翩起舞:又象一位少妇风姿卓越的,作一个妩媚的笑。
我常坐在窗里看它,感到温柔和美好。我甚至十分嫉妒那住在枝间的鸟夫妻,它们停在叶下欢唱,是它们给法桐带来了绿的欢乐呢,还是绿的欢乐使它们产生歌声的清妙?
法桐的欢乐,一直要延长一个夏天。我总想,那鼓满着憧憬的叶子,一定要长大如蒲扇的,但到了深秋,叶子并不在长,反要一片片落去,法桐就瘦削起来,寒伧起来,变得赤裸裸的,惟有些嶙嶙的骨,而且亦都僵硬,不在柔软婀娜,用手一折,就一节一节地断了下来。
我觉得这很残酷,特意要去树下捡一片落叶,保留起来,以做往昔的回忆。想:可怜的法桐,是谁给了你生命,让你这般长在土地上?既然给了你这一身绿的欢乐,为什么偏偏又要一片片收去呢?
来年的春上,法桐又长满了叶子,依然是浅绿的好,深绿的也好。我将历年收留的落叶拿出来,和这新叶比较,叶的轮廓是一样的,喔,叶子,你们认识吗,知道这一片是那一片的代替吗?或许就从一个叶柄眼里长上,凋落的曾经那么悠悠的欢乐过,欢乐的也将要寂寂的凋落去。
然而,它们并不悲伤,欢乐时须尽欢乐:如此而已,法桐竟一年大出一年,长过窗台,与屋檐齐平。
我忽然醒悟了,觉得我往日的哀叹大可不必,而且有十分的幼稚。原来法桐的生长,不仅是绿的生命的运动,还是一道哲学的命题的验证:欢乐到来,欢乐又归去,这正是天地间欢乐的内容;世间万物,正是寻求着这个内容而各自完成着它的存在。
我于是很敬仰起法桐来,祝福于它:它年年凋落旧叶,而以此渴望来年的新生,它才没有停滞,没有老化,而目标在天地空间里长成材了。
篇19:高中语文必修2第一单元知识点
高二语文到底该背哪些东西才有价值
很多人感觉到不好把握语文学习。语文学习不像数学,可以背记公式,物理化学可以实地试验。语文只有课文、习题,有点叫人无从下手。
从教学大纲上来看,语文学习主要是对新的字、词、句、篇章的掌握。培养大家对文章的分析和总结能力。从考试来看,很容易看出这一点来。
如果一个学生要系统的去掌握字词句的话,看起来工作量的确不少,而且单个的词语,句子都很零散,记起来也枯燥乏味,但是如果通过整篇的来记忆的话,就容易多了。
毋庸置疑,所有的文章都有字词句组成,如果能背记,起码熟悉数十篇文章的话,肯定对语文的学习有所增益。从可行性上看,文章的背记是比单个的词语,句子的背记容易些,因为文章总都会有一个中心思想,所有文字都围绕这个中心来写,因此各部分之间有一定的潜在联系,背起来也就容易多了。
那么如果要背记课文,到底背记那些比较有用呢?
经过调查,觉得背记以下课文比较有实用价值。
1.古文诗词中的名篇
优秀的古文诗词是古代文化的精华。从结构上来看,由于文字风格的迥然不同,文言文的结构更加紧密,意思的跨度更大。从文字上来看,更加凝练,因此背诵古文诗词名篇,可以以极少的文字,了解更多的文章意思。另外,优秀的古文诗词其字词的运用比较讲究,其文学也比较丰富,文意隽永,可以提高背记者的语文修养。
2.现代经典诗歌,经典文章段落
诗歌是浓缩的文学,是美的激烈表现形式,短短的诗句可以表达作者深刻而丰富的感情。如果能背几篇现代经典是个的话,对自己写作文,对做阅读理解题都是很有好处。
对经典文章段落的背诵,不但可以了解文章作者的思想,还可以了解优秀作品在写作上的独特风格。如果进而背诵下来,那么这种语言的风格,会逐渐的影响自己的写作。
背诵是学习语文最好的捷径。背诵不但可以掌握丰富的字词句,而且可以了解作者的写作背景,锻炼个人对作品的理解能力,而且可以掌握特殊的句式,语言风格,对大家的作文写作有好处,因此,学习语文要从背诵抓起!
篇20:高一第一册第一单元第一课
高一第一册第一单元第一课
请问第一课,我想问个问题:朝抵抗力最大的路径走,是不是人活着就为了受苦?应怎样答?thank you!
高一第一册第一单元第一课<新版书>由本站会员分享,版权归作者所有,请注明出处!
篇21:高一一册第一单元 纲要..
高一一册第一单元 纲要..
邓浩
第一单元
一、单元课文特点
1.本单元四篇课文都是哲学/论文。《人生的境界》一文,就“人生的境界”和“哲学的任务”提出了独到的见解,对提高我们的思想道德修养有着十分重要的意义;《人是什么》一文,就人的本质和人生的价值问题做了十分深入的探讨,鼓舞人们以自强不息的精神进行创造性的劳动,投身到人类进步的伟大事业中;《庄子:在我们无路可走的时候》一文,赞美了庄子思想的博大精深,对他不与当时的统治者合作的态度和做法给予了充分的肯定和赞扬;《孔孟》一文,以一个新的视角,主要就孔孟之间的不同点及其产生的原因进行了深入而翔实的阐述,显示出理论研究的精细。
2.思想有深度,理论有高度,是这四篇文章的共同特点。这些文章内容都是作者在各自研究领域,经过潜心研究提出的富有独创性的见解。这些研究成果,对于丰富我们的文化底蕴,提高我们的哲学素养和人生境界都是十分有益的。
3.把深奥的道理讲得深入浅出,易于被读者了解,也是这四篇文章的共同点。《人生的境界》一文层次清楚,条理清晰;语言简明,通俗易懂,使读者对哲学的任务一目了然;《人是什么》一文旁征博引,并且运用了大量生动形象的比喻,使我们对人的本质和人生的价值获得了具体而深入的了解;《庄子:在我们无路可走的时候》一文比喻生动,事例典型,分析透彻,使读者对庄子的思想有了深刻的了解;《孔孟》一文主要运用对比的'方法,使我们对孔孟的不同点有了比较清晰的认识。
4.论证方法多种多样,使这几篇文章具有极强的说服力。例证论证、引证论证、比喻论证、对比论证、因果论证等多种论证方法的熟练运用,不但使文章的观点得到了充分而详细的论证,而且也使文章显得手法多样,灵活而生动,使读者在跟随作者登堂人室享受喻理愉悦、提升思想境界的同时,也欣赏到了论说文写法的艺术美。
二、单元教学目标
1.引导学生提高自身的思想道德境界和哲学理论水平,树立自强不息的精神,为中华民族的伟大复兴和人类的进步而奋斗。
2.培养学生阅读论说文的能力和.写作水平。在理清思想结构的基础上,能迅速筛选信息,把握中心句和关键句,提高学生的概括能力和表述能力。
3.培养学生质疑思辨的能力,批判地吸收古今中外丰富的文化遗产和精神财富。对作者的观点要敢于和善于提出不同意见,进行创造性地学习。
4.体味语言的言外意弦外音,理解语言的深层含义。
三、单元教学重点、难点
本单元的四篇文章都是哲学/论文。哲学是关于世界观的学说,是自然知识和社会知识的概括和.总结。哲学的根本问题是思维和存在、精神和物质的关系问题,根据对这个问题的不同回答而形成了唯心主义哲学和唯物主义哲学两大对立的派别。在教学过程中,要把树立唯物主义世界观、批判唯心主义世界观放在突出的地位。要密切联系实际,启发学生针对现实生活中出现的形形色色的伪科学进行分析和批判,引导学生树立科学的人生观、世界观。
著名学者、哲学家冯友兰先生在《人生的境界》一文说:“哲学的任务是什么?我曾提出,按照中国哲学的传统,它的任务不是增加关于实际的积极的知识,而是提高人的精神境界。”中国的哲学体现了中华民族最深层的生存方式和文化核心以及由这种生存方式和文化核心所转化的自觉生存智慧和价值观念。其最终目的,是为了在理性原则的指导下从事德行实践,通过道德主体的自觉操持,实现人生的价值和意义。我们学习这篇文章,就要力求做一个有道德境界和天地境界的人,做一个应该成为人的人。
在《人是什么》一文中,作者提到了古今中外许多著名哲学家、思想家、教育家、文学家以及物理学家的哲学主张,他们都有很高的精神境界。东、西方哲学家的一致见解是:生无所息。这正是《周易》中所说的“天行健,君子以自强不息”的精神。学习这篇文章,我们就应当以这种精神作为我们一生中的座右铭,紧紧把握住现在,为中华民族的腾飞和人类的进步事业奋力拼搏。
在《庄子:在我们无路可走的时候》一文中,作者对庄子思想的博大精深给予了充分的肯定与赞美。无论是政治上还是人生态度上,庄子都主张自然无为。他的这种哲学思想当然是有一定积极意义的,但是,如果我们人人都采取这样的一种人生态度,科学将无从发展,社会将无从进步。
哲学同世界上的一切事物一样都是与时俱进、不断发展的。所以,我们也要用发展的眼光看待这些精神财富,在学习中要善于去伪存真、去粗取精,在汲取前辈哲学家精神营养的同时,对他们的哲学观点作出科学的批判。
阅读中要善于质疑思辨。质疑思辨是一种“读思结合”的创造性阅读。孔子说:“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。”这说明,学习和思考是相辅相成的。“小疑则小进,大疑则大进,无疑则不进”,这话是很有道理的。在阅读中,多问几个为什么,疑问也就有了;如果实在无疑,不妨“于无疑处有疑”。阅读过程是不断生疑、不断思考、不断探究的过程。王安石说,“人之愈深,其进愈难,而其见愈奇”,“而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观,常在于险远”。这样阅读,必然会有所发现,有所收获,甚至有所创造。
在学习中,还要注意比较,在比较中找出古今中外哲学家哲学观点的同与异。只有了解了各种哲学观点的同与异,才能准确把握哲学家们各自不同的哲学主张。同时还要密切联系实际,用正确的哲学理论指导我们的学习和工作。只有这样,才能把哲学学习落到实处。
提高论说文的阅读能力和.写作水平,也是本单元的重点内容之一。通过训练,要求学生能把握作者的主要观点、论证思路和立论依据;能准确、迅速地筛选出文中的关键句、中心句,并在此基础上用简要的语言进行概括和表述。要求学生能较熟练地运用例证论证、引证论证、对比论证、比喻论证、因果论证等方法写论说文。
阅读离不开对语言的揣摩,要引导学生深入体味语言的言外意弦外音,提高对语言的感悟能力和鉴赏水平。
四、单元教学设计
本单元共四篇课文,前两篇为教读课文,后两篇为自读课文。教读课文共用四课时,根据课文难易、长短,《人生的境界》可用一课时,《人是什么》可用三课时。自读课文各用一课时。
由于哲学/论文所涉及的内容博大精深,教学目的和方法应以“质疑思辨”为主,采用“研究阅读”的模式进行为好。鉴于课时较少的现实,要求学生课前要做较为充分的预习。教师可在课前布置一些富有启发性的思考题,要求学生以个人或小组的方式进行准备。教师则要在潜心研读的基础上,分析学生可能提出的问题,做好应答的准备。课堂上,要鼓励学生畅所欲言,既要有正确的引导,又不要急于对一些问题急忙下结论。提倡学生之间、师生之间的质疑与辩驳。对学生提出的富有创见性的观点,要及时予以表扬,激发他们学习与研究的兴趣,培养学生的创新精神。不要求对所有有争议的问题下一个所谓的定论,要鼓励学生课下继续讨论与研究。教师当然可以提出自己的看法,但不要强加于人。总之,要创设一个平等与民主的课堂气氛。
自读课应以学生自学为主,但教师也要体现主导作用。比如《庄子:在我们无路可走的时候》一文,作者对庄子拒绝与当权者合作的精神给予了肯定与赞扬。学生在讨论中,可能会产生肯定与否定两种对立的观点,教师则可以引导学生探讨庄子思想形成的时代背景,对庄子“清静无为”的思想给予实事求是的评价,采取扬弃的态度。对《孔孟》一文,则以弄清孔孟的不同点及其立论依据为主,引导学生学习科学研究的方法和论说文的.写作方法。总之,自读课应当突出学生的活动,但也不能撒手不管走过场,教师的主导作用不能忽视。
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篇22:高一语文第一单元作文题
——题记
走在通往学校的路上,街边屹立着几棵高大的柳树,阳光透过时间的缝隙透射在我的肩上。杜鹃在那半明半暗树叶中亮出她那婉转的歌喉,小动物们也从自己的豪宅走了出来,开始新的一天。一阵风吹过,绿叶闪烁,那叶上的露珠透过晨光的照射,折射出七彩的光,好似生命在跃动,轻轻一嗅,泥土的清香扑鼻而来,好香。
体验生活,体验“清晨入古寺,初日照高林”的生机勃勃。
伴着下课铃声,又到了锻炼的时候。红日西斜,天边洒满了落日的余晖。我走出教学楼,声音从操场上传来,一群正值青春年华的少年们在跑道上狂奔着,你追我赶,就像一匹匹驰骋的骏马,宽阔笔直的跑道已成为了他们施展才能的平台。他们尽情地,无拘无束地角逐,沐浴着夕阳,享受竞技的快乐,一头乌黑的短发欢快地跳跃着,炯炯有神的双眼直视前方,充满对胜利的渴望,修长的双腿交替前进,好似充满着无尽动力,在夕阳下定格一幅青春画卷,深深印入我脑海。
体验生活,体验“夕阳无限好,只是近黄昏”下的永不放弃。
夕阳西下,夜幕降临,月慢慢地走了出来,走到属于她的岗位上,为人们照亮回家的路,她弯弯的,是一只小船,但不一会儿,她又弯成一把镰刀,又变成一叶弯眉,皎洁的月光照在我的脸上,我感到十分温馨,也让我看到了她那身上发出的光带给那新的希望。月光似水,永远那么明亮,让整个夜晚更美好。
体验生活,体验“春江潮水连海平,海上明月共潮生”带来的静谧。
体验生活,体验每一天清晨时第一缕阳光,体验夕阳西下时的最后一丝温暖,体验夜幕下月带给你的静谧,细细品尝,回味无穷。
篇23:高一语文第一单元作文题
什么是体验?又应该怎样去体验生活?从小到大,似乎从来没想过这样的问题。字典里的解释是这样的:体验,就是通过实践来认识周围的事物;生活,其中一个意思就是进行各种活动。那么,体验生活,应该就是从各种活动中认识事物吧。不但认识事物本身,还从中悟出道理。
小时侯根本不懂体验这个词,就更不要说体验生活了。
只记得在五、六年级的时候,爸爸常对我说,要多回家乡劳动劳动,尝试一下农村生活。他还给这种行为美名为“体验生活”。对于我,那时是非常不愿意的,为什么放暑假不在家里吹空调而跑去晒太阳呢?可能是黑皮肤显得健康些吧。现在想起来,那样的体验,既体验农村生活的艰苦,也体验什么叫自然。体验那样的生活,悠闲自在。
那现在的生活呢?
高一的生活,用紧张两个字形容最贴切了,这不是我的个人见解,可是大家公认的。从刚踏入高一门槛的那一刻起,老师和家长就不断给我们灌输这种思想,要我们凡事都抓紧,绷紧脑袋里的每一根弦。说什么高一是你人生的第一个重大转折点诸如此类。
爸爸常常对我说老生常谈的话:学习如逆水行舟,不进则退。没办法,上了高一,这样的说教,谁都避免不了。
那么在这样的生活中,能体验到什么呢?不可否认,高一的生活教给我们许多许多,它让我们吃了苦头,但成长了不少。平时的生活是乏味的。试卷的多少,已经不能用“像雪花一样”之类的词语形容了,而每天三点一线的行程更是让人变得公式化。大家都成了悟性很高的人,科代表还没有走到黑板,就知道今天的作业了。
在这里面,有我们的焦急、恐惧、欢笑、泪水、无奈……
高一生活,我们体验了当中的苦,更记住了其中的甜。
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