【导语】下面是小编为大家推荐的高一第一单元教学方案：《荷塘月色》（共16篇），欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。
篇1：高一第一单元及《荷塘月色》
高一第一单元及《荷塘月色》
第一单元
一 单元课文特点
1.本单元由两篇散文、一篇杂文和一篇悼词组成。
2、本单元课文涉及作者生活的时代背景，有的比较隐晦地表达了自己的心情，有的形象地提出自己的主张，有的概括了人物一生的伟大业绩，有的在貌似纯知识的“东拉西扯“中， 含蓄婉转地表达出自己的思想感情。只有认真推敲词语和句子，才能真正理解作品的深刻含义。
3、本单元四篇课文中所运用的修辞手法十分丰富，应该仔细揣摩作者运用修辞手法的妙处所在。
二 单元教学目标
1、本单元的重点教学目标 是引导学生揣摩语言。揣摩语言的实质是在一定的语境中，对语言的深层含义、感情色彩等，进行辩析、品味。在阅读中只有注意语言，领会关键词 语和关键语句的真正内涵和表达作用，理解作者运用语言的技巧，才能不断增强自己的语感。
2、要掌握在阅读过程中揣摩语言的技巧，学会抓取关键词语和关键句子，并结合语境进行揣摩和理解。
三 单元教学重难点
1、阅读教学把阅读分为四个阶段，即感知阶段、理解阶段、表述阶段和评价阶段。
揣摩教学把阅读分为四个阶段，即感 知阶段、理解阶段、表述阶段和评价阶段。揣摩语言属于第二个阶段，即在感知内容的基础上，在一定的语境中对关键词语和关键语句的深层含义、感情色彩和表达作用等进行辩析、品味和理解，以彻底理解文句含义，并依靠自己独立思考，在感知、表象再创造的基础上，借助于思维加深对读物的理解。
2、揣摩语言离不开语境。“语境”是“语言环境”的简称。张志公先生说：“所谓语言环境，从比较小的范围来说，对语义影响最直接的，是现实的语言环境，也是说话和听话时的场合以及话的前言后语。此外，大至一个时代、社会的性质和特点，小至交际双方个人的情况，如文化教养、知识水平、生活经验、语言风格和方言基础等，也是一种语言环境，与现实的语言对称，这两种语言环境可以称为广义的'语言环境。”前者“现实的语言环境”习惯称为“内部语境”，后者“广义的语言环境”习惯称为“外部语境”。要彻底理解语句含义，必须把语句放到一定的语言环境中去反复揣摩思考。
3、揣摩语言还要学会抓取关键语句。关键语句在文章中有多种表现形式，包括：（1）出现在文章首尾的总结概述语句；（2）有称代和特指词语的语句；（3）在文中多次重复出现的语句；（4）运用各种修辞格的语句；（5）使用典故或史料的语句；（6）运用“虚化迁移”手法或词类活用的语句；（7）语法结构复杂的语句；（8）有特别生动的词语的语句。
四、单元教学设计
本单元前两课为教读课文，后两课为自读课文。教读课文每两课时完成，自读课文每课一课时完成。
进行教读课文的教学，要求学生在预习的基础上，深入思考一些问题；在课堂上让学生充分发表自己的意见，实现探索性的学习。
进行自读课的教学，更应该体现由学生自己学习的过程。一种形式是学生在课堂上快速阅读课文，然后按照教师提出的问题展开讨论，由教师作出结论。这种方式适合于中等以下水平的班级使用。另一种形式是事先把分析课文的任务交给几个或几组学生，让他们自己去查阅资料，拿出分析意见，在课堂上各抒已见展开讨论。教师不要下结论，让学生对没有取得统一的意见课下继续进行思考，在校刊上发表他们的意见。这种方式适合于语文水平和自学能力较高的班级。
一 荷塘月色
课文说明
一 时代背景
《荷塘月色〉是一篇以写景为主的抒情散文。写于1927年7月，那时作者在清华大学教书，住清华园西院。文章里描写的荷塘就在清华园。当时正值大革命失败，白色恐怖笼罩着中国大地。朱自清也处于苦闷厢逯小K自己也知道，“只有参加革命或反革命，才能解决这惶惶然”，但他最终还是选择了“暂时逃避的一法”。
原因是什么 呢？他曾对夫人陈竹隐说过：“我只是在行为上主张一种日常生活中的中和主义。”又说，“妻子儿女一大家，都指我生活”，“还是暂超然为好”但是他毕竟是一个爱国的民主主义者，面对黑暗现实，又不能安心于这种“超然”。
在《一封信》中他表白说：“这几天似乎有些异样，像一叶扁舟在无边的大海上，像一个猎人在无尽的森林里。……心里是一团乱麻，也可以说是一团火。似乎在挣扎着，要明白些什么，但似乎什么也没有明白。”《荷塘月色》正是作者自己想“超然”而又想“挣扎”的心迹的真实描摹和生动写照。
二 构思
《荷塘月色》写的是一个夏夜，作者为了散心，排解苦闷，去观赏月下荷塘时所见到的景色和此时此际的心情。全篇的“文眼”是开头的“心里颇不宁静”一句，尽管文 中一会儿写“动”，一会儿写“静”，一会儿写“幻觉”，一会儿写“实感”，一会儿描摹眼前，一会儿展开联想，“形”确实很散，但始终没有离开“颇不宁静”这一“文 眼”。
三 思想感情
《荷塘月色》中笼罩着一层淡淡的哀愁，而《绿》中的狂喜之情非常浓烈。这是什么原因？是由于写作时代不同。《绿》写于1924年，这时正是北伐战争前夕，五四运动给作者带来的激情尚未消失。《荷塘月色》则写在大革命失败后的1927年，现实的黑暗使作者陷入了彷徨、苦闷之中。
《荷塘月色》流露的思想感情，反映了作者对当时白色恐怖的严酷现实的不满，以及他苦闷彷徨，希望在一个幽静的环境中寻求精神上的解脱而又无法解脱的矛盾心情。
但对这一问题的理解，历来说法不一。有的认为，本文是作者寄
篇2：高一第一单元及《荷塘月色》的教案设计
高一第一单元及《荷塘月色》的教案设计
第一单元 一单元课文特点
1.本单元由两篇散文、一篇杂文和一篇悼词组成。
2、本单元课文涉及作者生活的时代背景，有的比较隐晦地表达了自己的心情，有的形象地提出自己的主张，有的概括了人物一生的伟大业绩，有的在貌似纯知识的“东拉西扯”中，含蓄婉转地表达出自己的思想感情。只有认真推敲词语和句子，才能真正理解作品的深刻含义。
3、本单元四篇课文中所运用的修辞手法十分丰富，应该仔细揣摩作者运用修辞手法的妙处所在。
二单元教学目标
1、本单元的重点教学目标是引导学生揣摩语言。揣摩语言的实质是在一定的语境中，对语言的深层含义、感情色彩等，进行辩析、品味。在阅读中只有注意语言，领会关键词语和关键语句的真正内涵和表达作用，理解作者运用语言的技巧，才能不断增强自己的语感。
2、要掌握在阅读过程中揣摩语言的技巧，学会抓取关键词语和关键句子，并结合语境进行揣摩和理解。
三单元教学重难点
1、阅读教学把阅读分为四个阶段，即感知阶段、理解阶段、表述阶段和评价阶段。
揣摩教学把阅读分为四个阶段，即感知阶段、理解阶段、表述阶段和评价阶段。揣摩语言属于第二个阶段，即在感知内容的基础上，在一定的语境中对关键词语和关键语句的深层含义、感情色彩和表达作用等进行辩析、品味和理解，以彻底理解文句含义，并依靠自己独立思考，在感知、表象再创造的基础上，借助于思维加深对读物的理解。
2、揣摩语言离不开语境。“语境”是“语言环境”的简称。张志公先生说：“所谓语言环境，从比较小的范围来说，对语义影响最直接的，是现实的语言环境，也是说话和听话时的场合以及话的前言后语。此外，大至一个时代、社会的性质和特点，小至交际双方个人的情况，如文化教养、知识水平、生活经验、语言风格和方言基础等，也是一种语言环境，与现实的语言对称，这两种语言环境可以称为广义的语言环境。”前者“现实的语言环境”习惯称为“内部语境”，后者“广义的语言环境”习惯称为“外部语境”。要彻底理解语句含义，必须把语句放到一定的语言环境中去反复揣摩思考。
3、揣摩语言还要学会抓取关键语句。关键语句在文章中有多种表现形式，包括：（1）出现在文章首尾的.总结概述语句；（2）有称代和特指词语的语句；（3）在文中多次重复出现的语句；（4）运用各种修辞格的语句；（5）使用典故或史料的语句；（6）运用“虚化迁移”手法或词类活用的语句；（7）语法结构复杂的语句；（8）有特别生动的词语的语句。
四单元教学设计
本单元前两课为教读课文，后两课为自读课文。教读课文每两课时完成，自读课文每课一课时完成。
进行教读课文的教学，要求学生在预习的基础上，深入思考一些问题；在课堂上让学生充分发表自己的意见，实现探索性的学习。
进行自读课的教学，更应该体现由学生自己学习的过程。一种形式是学生在课堂上快速阅读课文，然后按照教师提出的问题展开讨论，由教师作出结论。这种方式适合于中等以下水平的班级使用。另一种形式是事先把分析课文的任务交给几个或几组学生，让他们自己去查阅资料，拿出分析意见，在课堂上各抒已见展开讨论。教师不要下结论，让学生对没有取得统一的意见课下继续进行思考，在校刊上发表他们的意见。这种方式适合于语文水平和自学能力较高的班级。
一荷塘月色 课文说明
一时代背景
《荷塘月色〉是一篇以写景为主的抒情散文。写于1927年7月，那时作者在清华大学教书，住清华园西院。文章里描写的荷塘就在清华园。当时正值大革命失败，白色恐怖笼罩着中国大地。朱自清也处于苦闷徬徨中。他自己也知道，“只有参加革命或反革命，才能解决这惶惶然”，但他最终还是选择了“暂时逃避的一法”。
原因是什么呢？他曾对夫人陈竹隐说过：“我只是在行为上主张一种日常生活中的中和主义。”又说，“妻子儿女一大家，都指我生活”，“还是暂超然为好”但是他毕竟是一个爱国的民主主义者，面对黑暗现实，又不能安心于这种“超然”。
在《一封信》中他表白说：“这几天似乎有些异样，像一叶扁舟在无边的大海上，像一个猎人在无尽的森林里。……心里是一团乱麻，也可以说是一团火。似乎在挣扎着，要明白些什么，但似乎什么也没有明白。”《荷塘月色》正是作者自己想“超然”而又想“挣扎”的心迹的真实描摹和生动写照。
二构思
《荷塘月色》写的是一个夏夜，作者为了散心，排解苦闷，去观赏月下荷塘时所见到的景色和此时此际的心情。全篇的“文眼”是开头的“心里颇不宁静”一句，尽管文中一会儿写“动”，一会儿写“静”，一会儿写“幻觉”，一会儿写“实感”，一会儿描摹眼前，一会儿展开联想，“形”确实很散，但始终没有离开“颇不宁静”这一“文眼”。
三思想感情
《荷塘月色》中笼罩着一层淡淡的哀愁，而《绿》中的狂喜之情非常浓烈。这是什么原因？是由于.写作时代不同。《绿》写于1924年，这时正是北伐战争前夕，五四运动给作者带来的激情尚未消失。《荷塘月色》则写在大革命失败后的1927年，现实的黑暗使作者陷入了彷徨、苦闷之中。
《荷塘月色》流露的思想感情，反映了作者对当时白色恐怖的严酷现实的不满，以及他苦闷彷徨，希望在一个幽静的环境中寻求精神上的解脱而又无法解脱的矛盾心情。
但对这一问题的理解，历来说法不一。有的认为，本文是作者寄情山水，抒写清冷幽深的境界，表现凄凉的心境；有的认为本文是借景抒情、表现作者愁闷的心境；有的认为是表现作者欣赏月下荷塘自然之美的情趣，局守个人的小天地，表现闲适的心情；有的认为它不是抒发作者逃避现实的情绪，而是表现作者对现实不满的愤激心情；有的认为是表现对黑暗现实的不满和对美好生活的向往。对于这些看法可引导学生认真思考，各抒己见。对于“反映在这篇课文中作者有淡淡的哀愁，也有难得偷来片刻逍遥的喜悦”这种说法也有不同的意见。有人认为。“实在不能说笼罩全文的是一种淡淡的喜悦，而应该说是一种浓浓的哀愁。我们应该努力去体会作者郁结的'烦闷和满怀悉绪无处诉说的苦衷，把偶然写到的闲情看作是苦情的反衬，才符合文章的实际，才能领会作者的.写作意图。”这些不同看法，也可以提供给学生以引起思考。
四写作特点
《荷塘月色〉抒写的则是淡淡的喜悦和淡淡的哀愁。这什么这样说呢？从朱自清早期散文的独特风格看，他是一个很擅长情景交融的作家。在〈荷塘月色〉中表现得尤为突出，在写景中，委婉而曲折地表达了他不满现实、幻想超脱现实而又无法超脱的苦闷心理。在月光下，在荷塘畔，虽然自我陶醉了，感觉到一种“难得偷来片刻逍遥”的淡淡的喜悦，但仍然夹杂着摆脱不开的淡淡哀愁。
第一部分（第一段）：点明颇不宁静的心境，交代独游荷塘的时间、地点和缘由。写静谧的环境和自己在这咎环境中独处的心境，创造出孤寂的氛围，一开头就在字里行间流露出淡淡的哀愁。
第二部分（第2、3段）：写小径漫步，勾勒荷塘轮廓，抒发月下独处的感受。幽僻的路、蓊蓊郁郁的树，淡淡的月光，既简括地叙述了荷塘周围的情景，也进一步烘托了作者的内心世界。
“我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了”流露出作者从压抑不自由中暂得宽余，欣赏月色的淡淡喜悦。这淡淡的喜悦和上文流露出来的淡淡哀愁，笼罩在下文那诗情画意的荷塘月色上。
第三部分（第4、5、6段）：描写荷塘月色，是全文重点所在。文章先写荷塘，次写月色，再环顾四周，层次分明。
第4段写荷叶、荷花、荷香和荷波，没有谈月，但处处有月，这些景物都是在月光照耀下的。
第5段写月色，先正面写，后反衬。
第6段照应第二段，再写荷塘四周环境，着重写树。
在作者笔下，这是个宁静而幽美的境地，充满了诗情画意。“但热闹是他们的，我什么也没有”，作者仍然摆脱不了那绵绵的愁绪。
第四部分（第7、8段）：写景中人——作者触景生情，由眼前景物联想到江南采莲风俗，表现作者对美好生活的向往。对古代采莲盛况的向往，对故乡的惦念，无非是想把自己从“颇不宁静的心情”中解脱出来。但是现实终究是现实，是无法超脱的。正当作者沉浸在遐想之中时，“猛一抬头，不觉已是自己的门前……”作者又回到现实，并与开头相呼应。统观全文，内心的“不宁静”和环境的“静美”相反相成，轻淡朦胧的景色和淡淡的喜悦和哀悉融为一体，构成了《荷塘月色》的特色。
五语言特色
这篇散文用词准确生动。
如《荷塘月色》写“月光如流水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶了和花上”这“泻”字，再加上“静静地”这个修饰语，就准确地写出月光既像流水一般地倾泻，但又是绝无声响的幽静。再如“叶子底下是脉脉的流水”，“脉脉”，意思是默默地用眼神或行动来表情达意，这里用来写流水，流水无声而好像也有情意了。
篇3：高一第一单元
高中英语 第一册 第一单元
Unit 1
一、【目的与要求：】掌握本单元出现的单词和词组。
introduce, practice, go away, go on doing , as a result, in one's opinion, take care of ,general idea ,give any regards to sb等等…
二、【日常交际用语】
Nice to meet you. Nice meeting you. I'll introduce you, See you soon .
I must go now . I must be off now. Give one's best wishes to sb …
三、【知识重点与难点分析】
1、Which school were you at last year ? 你去年在哪所大学校读书？此句中的“at”也可用“in”来代替，意思不变。如：Which school are you in?
2、So was my friend Bob White.(=My friend Bob White was also at Centre school.)
我的朋友鲍勃怀特也在那所学校读书。
“So +be/have/助动词/情态动词 +主语”,此结构中的语序是倒装的。这个以so开头的句子内容是接着前句而来的，表示so句中的情况与前句讲的情况相同。例如：
You are a student. So am I. 你是学生。我也是(学生)。
You can speak English ,and so can I. 你会说英语，我也会(说英语)。
He likes playing football. So does his elder brother. 他喜欢踢足球，他哥哥也喜欢(踢足球)。
A: I went to see a film yesterday. 我昨天去看了场电影。
B: Oh, did you? So did I. 哦，是吗？我也去了。
如果上句是否定句，下句就应该用neither或 nor 来引导一个倒装句了。例如：
You are not a student. Neither/Nor am I. 你不是学生，我也不是(学生)。
You have never been to the Great wall .Neither/Nor have. 你没去过长城，我也没去过(长城)。
3、I must be off now. 我现在得走了。
off在这里是副词，在句中作表语，表示“离开”“走开”的意思。当你表示要离开某人或谢绝对方的挽留时，你还可以说：I must go now .=I must be leaving now =I really must be going now.
4、Nice to meet you很高兴见到你。
此句是见面时常用的客气用语。其它见面时常用语还有：
I'm glad to meet you.(=Glad to meet you .)
I'm pleased to meet you.(=Pleased to meet you .)
It's a great pleasure to meet you.
而在分手时，人们常说：It was nice meeting you .(=Nice meeting you). It was nice talking with you (Nice meeting you.).
It was Nice to have talked with you.（=It is nice to have talked with you ）.
5、I want to introduce my friend Jane. 我想介绍一下我的朋友简。
introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人，其中“to sb”可以省略。例如：
I'd like to introduce myself (to you). 我想自我介绍一下。
Let me introduce my friend Peter to you? 让我把你介绍给写了先生。
May I introduce my friend Peter to you? 可以向你介绍一下我的朋友彼特吗？
Please allow me to introduce Miss Liu to you all. 请允许我把刘小姐介绍给你们大家。
6、Find out the things which are different in your part of China. 找出与中国你所在地区不同的情况。
find和find out都有“发现”、“找到”的意思。 find通常是指凭一时的感觉或偶然发现，而find out 则是指经过一番努力，研究，计算或探询而发现某物某事，通常有“找出，查明，发现，搞清楚”的意思。例如：
He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒来发现自己在医院里。
I found a $5 note on the pavement. 我在人行道上发现了一张5英镑纸币。
Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查问出火车什么时候开吗？
They tried to find out who had broken the window. 他们试图查明谁打破了玻璃窗。
Later, he found out a new method of learning English. 后来，他找到了一种学习英语的新方法。
7、I hope you are very well .我希望你一切都好。
Well在此句中是形容词，通常作表语，意思是“健康的”相当于healthy的意思。例如：
I'm not feeling well today .我今天觉得身体不大舒服。
Is she well enough to travel?她身体康复，能够旅行了吗？
He is much better now, thank you.他现在身体好些了，多谢你的关心。（better是well的比较好）
Be, feel, get, look + well 身体好，康复，气色好。
8、So every day I work from dawn until dark. 因此，我们每天 从早到晚地劳动。
from until/till/to 冒意思是“从某时到某时”例如：from morning fill night从早到晚
from beginning to end 自始至终，从头到尾。
9、Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of the tractors.
有时，我们在天黑后还要借助拖拉机的灯光继续干活。
go on doing sth 意思是“继续（做某事），连续不断地（做某事）”
go on to do sth表示（在干完某事后）“接着干另一件事”，即接下去干与原来不同的另一件事。例如：
Although if was raining hard ,they still went on working in the field.
虽然雨下得很大，但他们仍继续在地里干活。
After he finished writing the litter,he went on to read the text of lesson one.
他写完信后，接着读第一课课文。
10 、Although the farm is large,my Dad has only two men working for him.
虽然农场很大，但我爸爸只雇了两个人为他干活。
have sb/sth doing 这一结构表示“使某人或某物持续做某事或动作持续的状态”。在句中have是“使”，“让”的意思， working 是现在分词作宾语two men的补足语。例如：
Don't have the car waiting out side the gate all the time. 不要让汽车一直在门外等着。
The two cheats had the lights burning all day long. 两个骗子让灯整天亮着。
Don't have the water running all day long. 不要让这自来水整天花花地流。
I won't have you talking to Mother like that. 我不允许你对妈妈那样说话。
11、It doesn't often rain in the summer here, As a result we have water the vegetable garden.
这儿夏天不常下雨，因此我们不得不给菜园浇水。
As a resulf (由于的)结果；因此常用在有上下文的情况下。例如:
It was late at night and there was no bus.As a resulf , we had to walk to He village.
夜深了，又没有公共汽车，因此我们不得不步行到那个村庄。
He had some bad fish , As a result ,he felt sick his morning .
由于吃了些坏鱼，所以今天上午他感到不舒服。
As a resulf of (=because of… )意思是“由于”例如：
As a result of fog the flight was delayed. 由于有雾，航班误点了。
He got a rist as the result of his hard work. 由于他工作勤奋，所以他长了工资。
Thousands of people lost their lives as the result of the war.由于那场战争，成千上万的人民丧失了生命。
另：在本句中“To water the vegetable garden”，water一词是用作动词。在英语中有些词虽然词形相同，但词类发生变化，由某一词类（如名词）变成另一词类（如动词）。如下下列句子中Pump, water即有名词，也有动词的用法。well即可用作副词，也可用作名词。
There is a pump is the village.it works very well.we often pump water from the well to water the vegetable garden.
12、Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion.美国人吃肉很多，依我看吃得太多了。
in my opinion =in my view意思是“在我看来，依我看”。近似于I fhink/guess/feel/suppose(我想、我认为、我觉得)等表达形式，都是用来表示个人的看法或意见等。
what was the nicest part of your holiday in your opinion？
在你看来，你假期中哪段时间过的最好？
In my opinion ,autumn is the best season in beijing.在我看来，秋天是北京最好的季节。
In charlie's opinion ,Americans should eat less meat.在查理看来，美国人应该少吃一点肉。
In my opinion and in the opinion of most people.it is a very sound investment.照我的和大多数人的看法，这是一项很可靠的投资。
13、In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the states.
在信中，你问有关美国不同时区的问题。
There are five different time areas in the states 美国有5个不同的时区。
以上两句中的The states都是指The United States of America .美国，美利坚众国略作U.S.A或U.S.。
下句In my state中的state 是指写信人所在的那个州，这时state的开头字母不大写。另外， time areas和 time zones同义都是指时区。
14、Please give my regards to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。
Regard vt. 是动词，作“认为，视为”解。regard sb as a hero 认为某人是英雄。 regard sth as a crime 把某事看作是一种罪恶。例如：
He is regarded as the best dentist in town..他被看作是域里最好的牙医。
在名中regards 是名词，作“问候，致意”解。give my regards /love /best wishes to sb作“代我向某人问好”解。remember me to sb 也有同义。例如：
Please give my best wishes to your wife (=Please remember me to your wife.)请代向你妻子问好。
15、Best wishes. 祝好。
该句通常用于信尾，谨致问候之意，还可以说best regards 祝好！Wishing you good luck /success! 祝你走运/成功！
篇4：高一《荷塘月色》教学反思
教师视学生为一个个活泼泼的生命体，尊重学生，平等对话，探究气氛浓郁，学生个性获得发展，潜能得到开发。教育，说到底是培养人，学科教学是育人的重要组成部分，不具备现代教育观念，就会陷入重书轻人、机械操作的误区。这三节课教学处处以学生为本，以促进学生个性的健康发展为本，学生的求知欲望得到满足，对语言的揣摩，对文章思想感情的领悟，均能打开思想的闸门，知无不言，又言无不尽，再佐以教师的推敲，因而，精彩纷呈，常闪发智慧的火花。教师始终与学生处于平等的地位，不以“权威”自居，而是作为学习课文的一员，积极参与讨论，谈自己的阅读感受。有时要言不烦，意在点睛，给学生以深深的启迪;有时明说“不过我也不知道，因为这可能永远是个迷”，(绝非搪塞，而是列举种种研究成果)，意在留给学生思考的空间，继续学习的空间;有时提出“现在，我能不能也提几个问题啊”，意在深入开掘，弥补学生探究的不足。教师、教材、学生三维空间碰撞、交融，奏出了美妙、和谐的语文交响乐。
语文教学要加强综合，注重知识之间、能力之间以及知识、能力、情意之间的联系，重视积累、感悟、熏陶和培养语感，致力于语文素养的整体提高。这两节课在这方面表现得十分突出，语文教学的多功能发挥得淋漓尽致。关键的语言文字放在特定的语境中理解、品味、鉴赏，感悟是灵动的，具个性色彩的;指导朗读、培养良好的学习习惯与方法，研究作者与创作背景，探究作品的写作意图与价值取向，把知识传授、能力培养、智力发展与思想情操陶冶融为一炉，发挥了语文的实用功能、发展功能、审美功能，学生在潜移默化中多方面获得培养。
更为难能可贵的是教师不仅在各个教学环节中注意循循善诱、逐步深入，探求真知，更在于教师能把自身的文化积淀融合于教学之中，提高课的质量与品味，提升学生的思想情操。对课文作者的总体认识与评价，对课文意义的阐发，对通感收发的比拟，对重点词句推敲的延伸，对媒体相关报道的评论等，看似信手拈来，实则平日勤于阅读、积累文化的必然展现。而这些挥洒自如的讲解，对学生最有吸引力，感染力，最有启发性，也是课最能发光的亮点。学生以学为主，教师不学无以为师，教师学识丰厚，学生终生受益。
篇5：高一《荷塘月色》教学反思
今天我上了《荷塘月色》，总的感觉不好，不喜欢这堂课，可以说是一节失败的课。其一，缺乏激情；其二，重点不突出；其三，分析不透彻；其四，学生活动不够。
现细细想来，觉得有几点值得我好好反思的。
第一，课堂教学不是百家讲坛唱独角戏，而是要调动学生的积极性，要学生去探究合作。
第二，散文教学要突出朗读，要学生读去体味作者的情感和优美的散文语言。如何读，要课前设计好，面要广、要意义。
第三，抒情散文教学要突出文中的情和景，如何梳理把握情感，怎样品味文章的景物描写，中学语文老师不是大学教授不必要那么深奥，要讲得通俗易懂。但也不能流于表面毫无启发。
第四，教学要设计亮点和高潮，教学要有波澜，有余味。
第五，教学要选好突破口，设计好有价值的提问。
第六，散文教学不需面面俱到，要有所取舍。
第七，《荷塘月色》第一课时可以从找出文中抒情的句子，然后在此基础上进行点拨，主要是要学生体悟作者的心理波动，设置高潮应该在“蝉声和蛙声”、《采莲曲》以及“妻儿”的沉睡处，作者用反衬来表达自己的心理反应。那么我们可以感悟到作者的内心“不宁静——宁静、孤寂——不宁静”这种矛盾的徘徊的过程。
第八，第二课时重点欣赏描写部分通过诵读来感受散文的美以及作者描写技巧。
篇6：高一《荷塘月色》教学反思
《荷塘月色》是朱自清先生于1927年7月写作的一篇写景抒情散文。由于时代久远，作者在当时社会背景下的独特感受，不易为现代青少年所理解，教学上有一定难度。但这又是一篇文情并茂的优美散文，其语言精妙传神，是学生品味语言好教材。笔者把这篇课文的教学重点放在“品味语言，掌握方法上”，“拈精摘要”，大胆取舍，主要抓住描绘“荷塘月色”的的三幅图景，教会学生掌握品味语言方法。
1、诵读精彩文段：
诵读是品味语言的最基本的方法。著名特级教师洪镇涛先生说：“……采用朗读的办法，让学生比较、推敲、品味语言使用的妙处，形成语感。”学生通过对精彩文段的反复诵读，可以感受语言的丰富性，领会语言表达的规律性，从而增强对语言的规范的敏感性和鉴别能力。“文章不是无情物”，通过表情朗读，学生从朗读的语调、音色和形象生动的词汇中，领会文中表达的思想感情，“耳醉其音”、“心醉其情”。
学习《荷塘月色》这篇课文，我主要采用多种朗读方法，诵读描绘“荷塘月色”的部分。除齐读外，或让学生先听录音，体会范读的速度，声调的高低以及感情的流露等;或由学生自己试读;或让学生自读，便于自己体味、揣摩;或由一人范读，其他同学聆听，然后共同评论其优劣。
2、抓住关键词语：
在景物描写中，关键词语就是指那些最能反映景物特点，又最能表达作者思想感情的词语。《荷塘月色》中描写月下荷塘里的景色有：田田的荷叶、袅娜的荷花、缕缕的荷香、脉脉的流水;描写荷塘上的月的景色有：如水的月光、月色、月影。一切都显得那么得宁静、和谐、自由，与作者“求静”的心态相吻合，情景交融。
描写景物形态的词语起到了渲染环境及刻画作者情感的作用，也属关键词语。如月下荷塘一段的“曲曲折折”、“田田”、“亭亭”、“点缀”、“袅娜”、“羞涩”等，无不与表现人物思想情绪、感情色彩密切相关。
体味本文朴素、典雅，充满诗意的语言，还应抓住本文比喻、通感及叠字的运用。比如，写静态荷花，连用三个比喻，“正如一粒粒的明珠，又如碧天里的星星，又如刚出浴的美人”，分别写出了淡月辉映下荷花晶莹剔透、忽明忽暗、不染纤尘的美质。写塘中的月色，“但光与影有着和谐的'旋律，如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲”。由视觉向听觉转移。
月的光华和阴影，用“名曲”的旋律来形容，表明光和影的和谐，与小提琴演奏的名曲一样悠扬、优美，烘托出一种温馨、幽雅的氛围，给读者以联想和想象，乃至带人进入一种幻境。作者锤炼语言的另一方面，是许许多多叠字的运用，这也是本文语言的一大特色，不但传神地描摹出眼前的景象，同时又加强了语意，给人一种音韵和谐的美感。如“蓊蓊郁郁”“远远近近”“高高低低”的绿树，“隐隐约约”的远山，“曲曲折折”的荷塘，“亭亭”玉立的荷花，“缕缕”的清香，“脉脉”的流水，真是比比皆是，匠心独运。
此外，一些数词、量词，甚至虚词在特定的语言环境中起到特殊的作用，同样要引起重视。
3、体会深层含义：
学生找到这些关键词语后，应引导学生深入分析这些词语的意义和作用。我让学生思考：“‘云’、‘月’是‘淡淡’的，不能郎照，作者却以为是恰到好处呢?”“蝉声与蛙声很热闹，为什么作者说‘但热闹是他们的，我什么也没有。’”
通过对这些问题的思考，学生逐步明确这实际反映了作者思想感情的发展历程，在当时的社会背景下，作者不满黑暗现实，追求自由光明，但一时又看不清前进方向，心情苦闷彷徨，思想矛盾复杂，于苦闷中想求得一时的解脱，因此踏上了求静之路，来到了日日曾走过的荷塘。欣赏着月下荷塘的美景，作者得到了片刻的宁静，但现实的阴霾在心头挥之不去，总有一股淡淡的忧愁蕴含其中。学生再进一步可以理解本文将客观描述与主观感受融为一体的写作特点。
4、通过比较，体会词语运用之妙：
不同词语的运用，所表达的效果也不一样，没有比较，就没有发现，就难有深的体会。引导学生比较不同词语的优劣，品味其中的奥妙，学习语文的兴趣也必然大增。
《荷塘月色》中描述月光时这样写道：“月光如流水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。”我让同学们比较“泻”字与“照”的区别。学生通过反复诵读、品味，一个“泻”字，变静为动，增强了月光的流动感，同时与“流水”相照应，而“照”就缺少这样的表达效果。
又如“薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里”一句中的“浮”，是否可以换作“漂”或“升”呢?同学们思考后明确，“浮”，写出了雾的轻飘状态，与“薄薄”相照应。“漂”和“升”就难以体现青雾的轻盈之美、自由之态。
教学的目的在于教会学生学习的方法，教会学生自己掌握品味语言方法。实践证明，语文教学抓住了“品味”这个鼻子，完全可以调动起学生学习语文的浓厚兴趣。因为教材中所选课文大都是语言精品，引导学生深入品味，就如同挖井，井挖得越深，泉水越多，越甘甜。
篇7：高一《荷塘月色》教学反思
朱自清先生的《荷塘月色》是脍炙人口的名篇佳作。这篇文章，我听过许多老师讲过公开课。可以说，几乎每个老师的讲法都不一样——有的着重于品味语言;有的偏向于体会作者的感情……听得越多，便越觉得这篇课文不好讲，尤其是要讲出这篇文章的精妙之所在，真是难上加难。
一篇文章的学习，不可能种种能力面面俱到，只能突出其中一两个能力的训练。这就要求教师突出重点，“小切口，深挖掘”。
这篇课文的教学目的是为了加深学生对于语言运用的理解。语言文字可以表现多种美：音乐美、绘画美、建筑美、摄影美……如何让学生通过语言文字体会到这些美呢?选取什么样的切口呢?我陷入了深思。
一段《神秘园》中的音乐飘了过来。是的，美妙的音乐能给人美的享受，美的熏陶。其实，美丽的文字也有这样的审美功效。艺术是相通的。我知道该怎么做了——引导学生动用他们的听觉、视觉、嗅觉、味觉、感觉、凭借他们丰富的想象力来体会这篇文章的美。
在讲文章的第四、五自然段的时候，我发动学生动用所有的感官来欣赏这两段文字，然后问他们：“在这两段文字中，你听到了什么?看到了什么?又闻到了什么?感觉到了作者什么样的情感?”同学们读着、讨论，教室里非常热闹。
把这种浓厚的学习气氛推向高潮的，还是关于第六自然段的讨论。我先抛出了一个问题，“如果让你用一种艺术形式来表现第六自然的内容，你会选择什么样的艺术形式?是画?是音乐?是舞蹈?还是别的?”大家的回答比较一致，都认为应选择一幅画来表现这段文字所传达的内容。我的下一个问题接着来了：“绘画有很多种类，按照表现技法的不同，可以分为油画，水彩画，水粉画，素描画和水墨画等等。如果你是一位画家，你会选择哪一种绘画技法来表现这段文字呢?为什么会这样选择呢?”
“素描!”一个声音很快地响起。
“来，来，你说说看，为什么选素描呢?”
“因为素描画简洁。第六自然段描写的景物不多，就只有树和山，如果用别的画来表现，画面就会显得比较杂乱。”
这个心直口快的孩子很自信地坐了下去。教室里忽然一片寂静。有的学生在点头，有的学生却皱着眉在摇头。一只手高高地举起来，是个秀气的女孩子。
“老师，我觉得素描画不好。因为素描画的线条太硬，层次感、黑白对比都非常分明。但这段文字所表现的内容很朦胧，很含蓄。您看：树色阴阴象一团烟雾，远山也只是树梢上隐隐约约的一带远山，树与山的界线是不分明的。所以我觉得用素描画不好。”
“那你认为用什么画比较好呢?”
“用水彩画吧!”她想了一会儿，“因为水彩画比较适合画景物，它能表现出景物朦胧、含蓄的美”。
“不对!不对!”这个孩子的话音未落，另一个反对的声音响起来，我点点头，示意他发表他的观点。
“水彩画的颜色太明丽，一般用来表现白天的景物。这段文字写的是晚上的景物，色彩哪有那么鲜艳?”
我又问：“你说说看，用什么种类的画表现要好一些呢?”
“我还没有想好。”他不好意思地搔搔头。
“你学过画吗?”我问。
他摇头。
“那你怎么知道这些的呢?”
“凭感觉!”
哦，感觉!好玄的词儿!这不正是语感吗?
“好!班上有同学学过画吗?我们来听听‘专家’的意见，如何?”
一个男生很神气地站了起来，还故作姿态地清了清嗓子。大家都笑了。
“我觉得用中国的水墨画比较好，水墨画色彩淡雅。在这幅画中，可主要选取黑墨，通过墨的深浅来表现远山近树的层次。水使墨荡开，使山与树的界线呈现出一种隐隐约约的状态。而且，中国的水墨画讲究一种‘留白’艺术。就是整幅画并不画满，而是适当地留取一定的空白，给欣赏者一定的想象空间。因此，中国画最适合表现空灵、含蓄的意境。而未自清先生在这段文字中表现的淡淡忧伤与落寂，也就是‘但热闹是他们的，我什么也没有’这句话，通过整个画面能很好地表现出来。
教室里安静极了，接下来便是雷鸣般的掌声。讲得多好啊!我们的学生总会有让老师惊奇的潜质。我从他的一番话中知道了许多我以前所不知道的东西。他们的回答让这节课更加精彩了。
同学们都很赞同他的观点。因为他的话十分有说服力。上课，并不是简单的老师教、学生学的过程，而是汇聚了许多闪光点的教学相长、师生互动的过程。
我想，我应该把这节课记下来。
篇8：高一第一单元教案
高一第一单元教案
Unit 1 Good Friends
Teaching objectives and demands:
1. The activity is designed to encourage students to think about friends and friendship and to activate relevant vocabulary.
2. Ask the students to describe a good friend and give examples of situations where friends have helped them. Use the activity as a brainstorming session done either in groups or with the whole class.
3. Language use: Manipulate listening, speaking practice
Key points:
1. Everyday English for communication.
2. Words and useful expressions
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Warming up
Students are asked to describe themselves and a friend. You can use these questions in at least two different ways. One alternative is to ask the students to think about three words to describe themselves and then let each student tell the class the three characteristics they have chosen. A second alternative would be to ask the students to write down the three characteristics and let other students guess who is being described. As with the first part, the objective is to elicit student language and get the students to think about friends and friendship.
Which words can be used to describe the characteristic?
Brave: courage fearless heroic
Scared : astonish fearful frightened horrified shocked terrified timid
Loyal: devoted faithful
Wise: bright clever cute gifted intelligent smart well-learned witty
Foolish: silly stupid
Beautiful: attractive breath-taking charming cool cute elegant eye-catching good-looking
graceful inviting lovely neat pretty splendid stunning
Rich: wealthy plentiful
Funning: amusing humorous
Happy: carefree cheerful contented delighted glad high merry pleased
Unhappy: bitter blue discouraged displeased heavy miserable sad upset
Step 2. Listening
The students will hear friends discuss common problems that may occur in a friendship. The students are asked to identify the problems and suggest solutions. Tell the students that friends sometimes have problems and that it is important to know how to solve the problems. The students will hear three arguments between friends and are asked to write down the problems and suggest possible solutions. It may be necessary to divide the task into two parts; first the students write down the problems as they listen to the tape, and then they discuss possible solutions. The students can also listen to one situation at a time and discuss solutions with the whole class.
Key
1. Peter is often late for football practice. I think that he should try to be on time in the future.
2. Mary usually borrows things without asking and she doesn’t return things on time. She should ask the owner is she wants to borrow something and try to return it on time in the future.
3. Adam borrowed John’s CD player yesterday and now it is broken. Adam can ask his uncle to fix it.
Extension the students are asked to think of other situations/problems involving friends and role-play or discuss the issues. You may also ask the students to list or discuss what methods are most effective when you want to solve problems in a friendship.
Workbook P85
Listening
a) Students will hear about problems friends may have and what can be done to solve such problems. The students are asked to write down the solutions mentioned on the tape and to think of other solutions. Ask the students to listen to the tape and write down the solutions suggested by the speaker. You can help the students prepare by first asking them to think about problems they may have had with their friends. The solutions mentioned on the tape are simple and general. Encourage the students to think of better, more specific solutions. What would they do if they had a quarrel with a friend? How do they talk to their friends about difficult things? How do they keep secrets from becoming rumours?
b) Listening text Everybody needs friends. But being a good friend can sometimes be hard work. Learning how to solve problems in a friendship can make you a better friend and a happier person. A common problem between friends is that they don’t know how to talk to each other about difficult things. When they do talk, they often get mad with each other. What can they do? Well, it takes time to learn how to communicate well, and it is important to understand why a friend gets angry with you when you say something. If you know what it is that makes your friend angry, then you can try to talk about the problem in a different way.
c) Another problem that many friends have to deal with is what to do after one of them gets angry or upset. If friends get angry with each other and say something bad because they are angry, they often find it difficult to apologize after the quarrel. The best way to apologize after a quarrel is simply to start by telling each other that you are sorry and then go from there. A simple apology is often enough and is a good starting point. What about friends who can’t keep a secret? Sometimes it seems impossible to keep a secret from becoming a rumour that everyone knows. Shouldn’t a good friend be able to keep a secret? Perhaps, but it is not always that easy to keep a secret, and telling a secret to someone will often put them in a difficult situation - they may have to lie to other friends to keep the secret. The best way to make sure that a secret doesn’t become a rumour is simply to keep it to yourself - don’t tell anyone.
d) Answers to Exercise 1
e) Problem: Friends get angry with each other when they try to talk about something difficult.
f) Solution: Try to understand your friend/Try to talk about the problem in a different way.
g) Problem: Friends don’t know how to apologize.
h) Solution: Start by telling each other that you are sorry and take it from there. A simple apology is often enough.
i) Problem: Some friends don’t know how to keep secrets.
Solution: Keep your secrets to yourself.
Step 3 Speaking
The students will use the information about the people on SB page 2 to talk about likes and dislikes and to practice giving reasons for their opinions. Tell the students to work in pairs. Ask the students to complete the chart on page SB page 3 and then use the answers to talk about who could be friends and what they like or dislike. Ask each pair to decide who could be friends and give reasons for their decisions. When they have made their decision, ask them to compare and debate their ideas with other pairs. Encourage different answers, including strange ones.
P3 work in pairs
Name John Steve Peter Ann Sarah Joe
Age 15 14 15 16 14
Gender boy boy boy girl girl boy
Likes football skiing singing dancing reading novels surfing the
reading singing rock music computers football Internet
reading computer rock music singing rock music
skiing
Dis- singing hiking football hiking rock music football
ikes computers football classical music dancing dancing hiking
rock music rock music dancing classical music computer
Extension The students are asked to make a list of famous people or people they know. The students then use the list to identify likes and dislikes and characteristics and try to determine who could be friends.
Step 4. Talking Workbook P85
The students are given role cards based on three situations where friends are having problems. They are asked to act out the situations with the “useful expressions”. They are also asked to think of a fourth situation, prepare role cards for it, and act it out. Let the students role-play in pairs. Remind them that they should not write down a dialogue and then simply read the dialogue. Instead, they should try to act out the situation without rehearsing it. If they find it difficult to get started, you can let them prepare by practising part of a situation. You can also help by modeling part of a situation.
Extension Friends often help each other. Ask the students to work in pairs and list examples of situations where friends can help each other. The students can then write role cards for the situations and act out in pairs.
Step 5. Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Unit1 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the key points of this unit.
(3)List the friend they get to know in class and write down some thing they want to know.
Evaluation of teaching:
The Second Period
Teaching objectives
1. Develop the students’ comprehension of explorative passages, especially their ability of analyzing the structure of such kind of articles.
2. Offer the students chances of self-culture by working in groups and seeking information about the film out-
side the class.
3. Infuse the students with basic knowledge about the friend and friendship
4. Learn some words and useful expressions from the text.
Teaching Approach
1.Communicative Approach should be used throughout the class. Stress should be laid on:
2.Learner-centeredness; learning-centeredness
3.Task-based learning
4.Activity-based teaching (class work; individual work; group work)
Teaching type: Reading comprehension
Teaching Procedure
Step 1. Report in class A student is asked to report something interesting he or she picks up from
newspaper or magazines.
Step 2.Review and check Ss have a word dictation and check their homework in workbook
Exercise 2 Suggested sample sentences
1) My friend Alan is brave. He once saved the life of a little girl who had fallen into a lake.
2) My friend Bob is loyal. He wouldn’t talk to Charles whom I don’t like at all.
3) My friend David is wise. He always gives me the best advice.
4) My friend George is a handsome boy, but he doesn’t like to study and always dreams of becoming a model.
5) My friend Harry is a smart student. He always asks good questions in class.
Step 3 Pre-reading Ss are asked to listen to the tape and find the things they are using or talking about.
Practising on P87 vocabulary
1 “The books are too heavy! I think it’s going to break.”
2 “Oh no! I forgot where I put it! I have written down all the important phone numbers.”
3 “Yum! You have bought it at last. We can have fried fish for dinner. Mmm … I can’t wait to put this fish in it. ”
4 “Hands up! Don’t move or I’ll shoot. Give me all your money!”
5 “Ooooh! I look very nice in this new dress!!!”
6 A: I think we’re lost. What should we do now? B: Don’t worry. I have it here and I know how to use it.
7 “Ouch! I hit myself with it.”
8 A: Hurry up! It’s so dark here. I can’t see anything.
9 “It is shaking badly. Am I going to die? Help! … Oh, thank God!”
10 “I feel sad when it comes to the part in which the two friends become enemies.”
Answers 1 rope 2 notebook 3 pan 4 gun 5 mirror 6 compass 7 hammer 8 match 9 airplane 10 movie
Get the students to think about what it would be like to be alone on a deserted island. The activity is not direct linked to a reading strategy or a structure in the reading, but is intended to be used as a preliminary activity related to the previous parts of the unit. The pre-reading exercise also gives the students an opportunity to practise giving opinions and making decisions.
Explain the situation to the students and give them time to think about what they would bring. The activity should generate different choices and opinions, thus making it a good opportunity for discussion. Tell the students to work in groups. Ask them to describe the usefulness of each item in the box and then decide on the three most useful ones. Make sure that each group member gets an opportunity to speak. Encourage the students to use the structures I think… because…/ I could use it to…/ it could be used to …/ …would be more important than … because … Ask one student from each group to write their answers on the blackboard. Compare answers from different groups and have a short discussion. e.g. 1.I think a knife would be the most useful item, because I could use it to kill animals and cut the meat. It could also be used to cut wood. 2.I also think a box of matches would be useful because I could use the matches to make fire. If I had a fire, I could cook food, stay warm and keep wild animals away. More importantly, if someone saw the fire, they would come and save me. 3.I think a book would be more useful than a radio, because you don’t need batteries to read. And when I read, I would learn about life and the world and forget my loneliness.
Extension 1: Ask the students to think about how the things could help them in other situations, for example, if they were lost in a desert or a forest. Extension 2: Let the students talk about how they would feel in an extreme situation. How would they feel if they were alone on a deserted island? (angry, desperate, lonely, hungry, worried, hopeful, happy, afraid etc.) What would they do to try to overcome these feelings? Extension 3: Ask the students if they have read books or seen movies about island life, for example, Robinson Crusoe, Cast Away, Six days and Seven Nights, etc. How did the main characters survive? How were they rescued? Extension 4 After the discussion, you can ask the students to consider the similarities and differences between spiritual and materialistic needs, i.e. the things we need and the social interaction we need.
Step 4 Reading Listen to tape and finish the following items
CHUCK’S FFRIEND
Background information on the reading :The film Cast Away, starring Tom Hanks, depicts a man’s struggle with solitude and his journey towards self-knowledge. The film shows us how Chuck, a busy manager who never has “enough time,” ends up on an island with nothing but time. He manages to survive on the island and he realizes the importance of friends and friendship. The text, summarized below, describes his experience and the lessons he learns from his unusual friend, a volleyball he calls Wilson.
Guess the meaning of a word or phrase in the text, tell them to mark the word or phrase. Ask the students to list words or phrases that they don’t know. Explain important ones if necessary, but try offering more context of certain words until the students can guess the meaning. Don’t spend too much time going through the new words.
Suggestion for teaching some of the vocabulary of the reading text:
Item Strategy What it means
What is the text about? CLUES The picture shows a man who lives like a wild man, alone. He has to take care of himself. The title says that the text is about Chuck’s friend.
What is the text about? WORLD KNOWLEDGE If I look at the picture and read the story, I may recall other stories about a man living alone on an island, e.g. Robinson Crusoe. In those stories, the man has to learn to find water and food and take care of himself.
What kind of words will be used? GENRE The reading passage is a sort of film review, so I can guess the text will use words about stories, characters, acting and perhaps unusual things that do not exist in the real world.
Cast Away CLUES Form) + SKIP + CLUES (Context) +LOOK UP The words are in italics, so I know that it must be the name of a film or a book. I can probably skip the word and look it up in the dictionary later. If I read the text I will learn that the film is about a man who has to live alone on an island, away from his friends, because of an accident, so I can guess that “Cast Away” refers to the man in the story and his situation. The dictionary says to be left alone on an island after your ship has sunk.
play GENRE +CONTEXT Tom Hanks is a famous actor. He “plays” a man named Chuck Noland in the film Cast Away. I can guess that plays means acts.
survive CONTEXT +WORLDKNOWLEDGE When airplanes crash (fall down), most people die. If, like Chuck, they don’t die, they go on living, so I can guess that to survive means to go on living.
deserted CONTEXT The text tells me that Chuck lands on a deserted island. The text also tells me that there are no people on the island, so I can guess that a deserted place means a place where there are no people.
challenge CONTEXT The text tells me that there are different challenges in Chuck’s life - he has to collect water, hunt for food, and learn to survive without friends. I can guess that a challenge is something difficult that you have to do.
share CONTEXT +LOOKUP I know that I like to talk to my friends when I am happy or sad. If I am sad, talking to a friend makes me feel better. I can guess that “to share” happiness or sorrow means something like “tell others about how I feel” or “make others understand how I feel”. The dictionary says that share means to have the same interest or feeling as someone else.
unusual FORM I know that usual means “something that happens all the time” or “normal.” If I know that the prefix “un-“ means not, I can guess that unusual means not normal or strange.
such as CONTEXT A lucky pen and a diary are examples of favourite objects, so I can guess that such as means for example or “like.”
Summary Ask them to look at the picture and ask one student to point to the picture and retell the main idea of the text.
1 Chuck Noland, a successful businessman, lands on a deserted island after a plane crash.
2 Chuck has to learn basic survival skills on the island. In order to cope with his loneliness, Chuck develops a friendship with a volleyball he calls Wilson.
3 Five years’ life on the island teaches Chuck the importance of having friends and being a good friend. Wilson may just be a volleyball, but their friendship is real and in some ways better than Chuck’s friendships in the past.
4 Human friends and unusual friends are important in our life. Friends and friendship help us understand who we are and how we should behave.
Step 5 Post-reading Exx on Page 4 Ask the students to answer questions about the story. e.g. How can a volleyball become Chuck’s friend? What does Chuck learn about himself when he is alone on the island?
Suggested answers to the questions
1 He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. More importantly, he has to learn to live without friends.
2 He has learnt a lot about himself when he is alone on the island. For example, he has come to realize that friendship is important in his life, that he hasn’t been a good friend, and that he should care more about his friends. (The students may also use present tense, e.g. He learns a lot about himself. He realizes that…)
3 Open for discussion. The students can list basic survival skills.
4 Let the students discuss the question in groups. The question can be discussed in the form of a role-play where each student represents one of the four people and has to persuade the others that he or she should be given the parachute.
5.Have a short discussion about one or more ideas in the text:
1 ) What can we do to be good friends even if we are very busy?
2 ) Does a successful man or woman need friends?
3 ) The text talks about “giving” and “taking.” How do friends give and take?
4 ) What do friends teach us?
5 ) Is it better to have a human friend or an unusual friend such as a volleyball, a pen or a dog?
Step 6 Language study Key to “Word study”:
1 honest, 2 classical 3 sorrow/unhappiness 4 argue/quarrel/disagree 5 loyal/good/true
6 hunt for 7 fond of/interested in 8 brave/fearless 9 in order to/ so as to 10 smart
Student-centered vocabulary learning:
It is very important for students to make their own choices and decisions about what they learn. You can help your students by letting them practise making such choices and decisions.
Give the students a few minutes to make a list of words and expressions from the text that they want to learn. The list should not be too long.
Ask the students to show their list to a partner and explain why they chose these words or expressions.
There are many ways to help the students deal with new words. Begin by letting the students try on their own. If the students can discover the meaning of new words themselves-either by using clues, pair work, or group discussion they are more likely to develop a better understanding of the word. More importantly, the process will help them develop strategies and skills that they can use when they encounter new words. The teacher is responsible for providing guidance and assistance. Give the students time, help as little as possible and in a gradual way. Try to model and encourage positive behaviour-the best way to help is to provide clues and examples. If you “explain” the word or simply translate it, you are not giving the students an opportunity to learn.
1 Encourage the students to try different ways to fix the words in their minds.
2 Some words may have different meanings. You can help the students decide which meaning fits the context.
Unit 1 背景材料：Cast Away 荒岛余生
汤姆汉克斯曾以《费城故事》和《阿甘正传》连续两度获奥斯卡最佳男演员奖殊荣，为自己和别人树立了两座高不可攀的丰碑。经历了一段时间的低潮后，他又再度与赞米基斯（《阿甘正传》的导演）合作，凭借《荒岛余生》一片获得第七十三届奥斯卡最佳男演员奖提名。可惜的是，此奖颁给了罗素克罗（《角斗士》）。据说，奥斯卡评委们是不会让同一个人在十年之内三度称帝的。但汤姆汉克斯的演技可以说无可挑剔。为演好此角，他甚至将体重减少了几十斤。如果你有兴趣，可以找来此片一睹被遗弃荒岛前后判若两人的汤姆汉克斯的模样。
Chuck Noland, who lives in Memphis, is an operation manager at FedEx, an express mailing company. He is hardworking and particularly time-conscious.1 He believes that time is everything: cosmos,2 fortune and misfortune; time is also capable of doing everything, creating and destroying human beings. He has a girlfriend named Kelly Frears, who works at a chemical lab. They love each other very much, though Chuck travels a lot and rarely stays at home. It is Christmas season now. Chuck gets back home and Kelly is very happy to see him. However Chuck is so tired after his business trip to Russia, he is fast asleep when Kelly turns off TV and is about to go to bed.
On Christmas Eve, Chuck, Kelly and his family are having dinner when Chuck's pager3 rings. Another assignment comes. Kelly does not like to see Chuck leave as it is Christmas time now. But Chuck has to go and promises to be back on New Year's Eve. Seeing Chuck off at the airport, Kelly gives him an old watch, inherited from her grandfather, with her photo in it. Chuck is moved and tells Kelly that he will hold on to it for the rest of his life. Then he gives Kelly a small pretty box, saying that this is something special for her and she shall open it on New Year's Eve.
On the way to his destination, the plane Chuck is flying on crashes in the sea due to a heavy storm and a mechanical failure. Fortunately Chuck survives and climbs onto a lifeboat4 after the crash. He still manages to get hold of the watch Kelly gives him.
It rains heavily. Chuck's boat is pushed ashore by waves and lands on a small island the next day. Now the two things he has, Kelly's watch and the pager, are his only possessions. He does not know where he is. There is nobody, not even animals. Chuck writes HELP on the beach with tree trunks. That night Chuck hears strange sound coming from the nearby trees. In the following days, hungry and thirsty, he collects FedEx parcels pushed ashore by waves. Suddenly he hears the strange sound again. He is terrified but then surprised to find the sound is from fallen coconuts.5 The struggle of opening them starts. After trying different ways for a long time, he finally is able to taste his first fruit of success.
One day, climbing onto the top of the mountain on the island, Chuck finds that it is a small and uninhabited island. All of a sudden he spots a man's body near the beach. It is one of the crew.6 Chuck pulls it ashore. With a mixed feeling of fear and sympathy, he hesitantly takes off the man's shoes and flashlight before burying him.
One night in the darkness, he finds a light from afar. It must be a ship. Chuck is very excited and he uses his flashlight for SOS signal. But it is of no use. The light is too weak to be noticed by people on the ship. The following day, Chuck tries to row the lifeboat to the ship. However, big waves turn his lifeboat upside down， and to make things worse, he is injured on the leg. That night there is a heavy thunderstorm. Chuck has to hide himself in a cave. He forgets to turn off the flashlight and the battery runs off.
As the hope of being saved is getting less and less, he faces challenges of survival. An idea strikes his mind, and he opens every and each parcel. Videotapes are thrown away and so are important commercial contracts and documents. A pair of skating shoes, a nightgown,7 and a volleyball are kept. The blades8 are used as knives for cutting, and the nightgown as fishing net. As for the volleyball, Chuck uses his blood to draw a man's face on it and names it “Wilson” who gives him spiritual comfort. He begins to talk to the “man” he has created and Wilson has become his company.
Next he has to start a fire. Without fire, he has not had any food or hot water for days except eating live fish and drinking rainwater and coconut juice. He gets some wood and works on it for a long time. He almost loses his hope until he discovers that air is important to start a fire. He drills the wood in the middle with a stick while blowing some air in between the two pieces. When a fire is finally made, Chuck sings and dances like a tribesman,9 happy for the first time after landing on the island. He has his first meal, a cooked crab.
Four years later, Chuck becomes an experienced primitive man. He still keeps his girlfriend's photo in his cave. Beside the photo, there stands another companion of his for those lonely years-Wilson. Chuck is so used to talking to Wilson, the volleyball, that he regards as his best friend. Once he throws away Wilson in anger and despair but only finds himself more lonely and desperate. So he searches for it and is very excited to get it back. Then he paints Wilson's face with his blood again so that Wilson has a new face.
One day, he finds a part of the plane on the shore, which gives him an idea. He cuts down the biggest tree on the island and makes it into a man's sculpture. He pulls it up to the highest point of the island and erects it there. Then he plans to build a raft and starts working on it.
Chuck at last completes his grandiose10 project and begins to row towards sea with his dear friend Wilson. At the moment of leaving his island on which he has lived for four years, a sense of sadness overwhelms11 him. He has somehow a special attachment to the island, feeling like leaving his sweet home.
On the journey to get back to the human world, he experiences dangers of sharks, thunderstorms, and despair of losing his best and only friend Wilson who accompanies him for the past terrible years. How many days have passed, he has no idea. One day, a large ship passes by and Chuck is finally saved.
However, his return is not a happy one. Kelly is married and has a daughter. She is so confused and lost about his return that it is hard for her to accept a man who has been “dead” for four years. Besides, her husband tries to convince her that not to see Chuck is in everyone's interest.
One rainy evening, Chuck cannot resist any longer the desire to see Kelly again. He goes to Kelly's in a taxi and knocks on her door. When Kelly shows him their car they used to drive, which she kept for all those years along with all their sweet memories, they are getting so emotional that they kiss each other. But Chuck cools down and asks Kelly to go back home.
Now Chuck comes back to his old self and starts working again. Having delivered the last parcel he has kept from the island, he suddenly senses a new beginning in his life.
1. time-conscious: 时间观念很强。 2. cosmos: 宇宙。3. pager: 传呼机。4. lifeboat: 救生船。5. coconut: 椰子。
6. crew: 全体机组人员。7. nightgown: （妇女的）睡衣。8. blades: （冰鞋的）冰刀。9. tribesman: 部落人。
10. grandiose: 宏大的。11. overwhelm: 使受不了，使不知所措。
Excerpts
Chuck Talks to a Friend about His Experience and Feeling on the Island
“We both had done the math, and Kelly added it all up. She knew she had to let me go. I added it up, knew that I'd lost her. 'Cause I was never gonna get off that island. I was gonna die there, totally alone. I mean, I was gonna get sick or get injures. The only choice I had, the only thing I could control was when and how and where that was gonna happen. So I made a rope. And I went up to the summit to hang myself. But I had to test it, you know? Of course. You know me. And the weight of the log snapped* the limb of the tree. So I-I-I couldn't even kill myself the way I wanted to. I had power over nothing. And that's when this feeling came over me like a warm blanket. I knew somehow that I had to stay alive. Somehow I had to keep breathing, even though there was no reason to hope. And all my logic said that I would never see this place again. So that's what I did. I stayed alive. I kept breathing. And then one day that logic was proven all wrong because the tide came in, gave me a sail. And now, here I am. I'm back in Memphis, talking to you. I have ice in my glass. And I've lost her all over again. I'm so sad that I don't have Kelly. But I'm so grateful that she was with me on that island. And I know what I have to do now. I gotta keep breathing. Because tomorrow, the sun will rise. Who knows what the tide could bring?”
Step 7 Language points Now read the text and explain the following language points if necessary.
1. practise
e.g. We practiced pronouncing the sound again and again.
e.g. Don’t forget to practise after class.
e.g. I practise playing the piano every day.
2. What’s… like?
e.g.--- What is the play like?---Wonderful.
e.g.He seems like an honest man.
3. make sb /th sb/adj./prep…
e.g.A good friend is someone who makes me happy.
e.g.Annie made her diary her best friend.
e.g. They made me repeat the story.
e.g.What made you think so?
e.g He raised his voice to make himself heard.
4. nor//so倒装 +do/does/should/has…+主语
nor 表示否定意义,用肯定形式.
e.g. I don’t know,nor do I care.
e.g. His brother doesn’t like soccer,nor does he.
So 表肯定意义,用肯定形式
e.g.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.
e.g.They had a good time last night, so did I.
So it is/was with +主语
e.g.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engles.
e.g.John likes Chinese but he is not good at it. So it is with Mary.
5. bore, bored ,boring
e.g. He bored us all by talking for hours about his new car.
e.g. She bored with her present job.
e.g. Jimmy could never understand why so many people found golf boring.
6. interest ,interested, interesting
e.g. She has much interest in music and dance.
e.g. I don’t know what interests him indeed.
e.g. I found him greatly interested in poems.
e.g. I don’t think the joke interesting enough.
7. alone.,lonely
e.g. I was alone in the room.
e.g. He feels quite lonely sometimes.Because he has no friends.
e.g.They brought him into a lonely house.
e.g.Crusoe felt lonely when he was alone on the lonely island.
8. regard …as
e.g. We regarded their pets as members of their families.
e.g.We can’t regard the matter as settled.
Step 8. Homework
(1) workbook P88 Reading Many-flavored friends.
(2) Revise the key points of this Unit.
Evaluation of teaching:
The Third Period
Teaching aims and demands
1. The students are asked to master the Grammar :Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
2. Integrating Skill: reading
3. Oral practice: manipulate oral practice relevant to the reading material.
Key points: grammar and reading
Teaching methods: Reading -Sentence structure----explanation
Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the key points of the previous lesson.
Step 2. Presentation To ask the Ss pre-writing the following sentences and check them in class.
1.“Today is Thursday” the teacher said.
2. “I’m going to play football.”Tom said.
3. “He lived in New York” Tom told me.
4. “The moon foes around the earth.”he said.
5. “He wanted to go out for lunch today.”his father said..
6. “He has been here for six years” Mr Li told me.
7. “ I will be here for one year.” I said to Mr Li.
8. “You come here quickly.” he ordered.
9.She said to me, “I will ask for some paper”.
10.They asked: “Why did you come here so late?”
Step 3. Grammar Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
Brief explanation of “Direct Speech and Indirect Speech” (1): Statements & Questions
* use Direct Speech when you want to show the exact words someone said or wrote. Use quotation marks to show that you are reporting the exact words a person used and a reporting clause to include information about the speaker and the situation.
e.g. “I had a great time at the picnic,” she told her mum.
(the direct speech) (the reporting clause)
*The reporting clause may come before, within, or after the direct speech. When the reporting clause comes after the direct speech, the order of the subject and the verb may be changed, e.g. Jane said/said Jane. This typically happens when the reporting clause is within the reported speech and the subject is not a pronoun.
e.g. Jane said, “I got a new e-pal. He is from Germany.”
“I got a new e-pal,” Jane said / said Jane / she said, “He is from Germany.”
“I got a new e-pal. He is from Germany,” Jane said / said Jane / she said.
* Use a comma to connect the direct speech and the reporting clause.
* When you change a sentence from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns in order to keep the same meaning.
DIRECT SPEECH à INDIRECT SPEECH
present past
past past or past perfect
present perfective past perfect
past perfective past perfect
e.g. “I’ll take care of you,” Chuck said. à Chuck said he would take care of him.
“Did you get e-mails from your friends?” she asked. à She asked if I had got e-mails from my friends.
“Have you got any e-mails from your parents?” she asked. à She asked if I had got any e-mails from my parents.
*When you use Indirect Speech to report what someone said, you can sometimes change the exact words without changing what the speaker actually said.
e.g Wilson asked, “How long have we been in this place?”à Wilson asked how long you had been here.
Answers to Grammar Exercise 1
1 The visitor said that he was very glad to visit our factory.
2 “I don’t like American movies very much,” the woman said to / told us.
3 Uncle Wang said that there was something wrong with the front wheel.
4 The teacher said to the students, “We are going to have a meeting at three o’clock.”
5 The students asked when they should go outing that autumn.
6 “I’ll try to finish reading the book by the end of this week,” she said.
7 The daughter told her father that mum had gone to the supermarket.
8 “Are you going to mail the gifts to your parents?” Sara’s friend asked her.
9 Tom asked Bob why he had been so excited that day.
10 “How can I solve the problem?” Sandra asked her friend.
Step 4 Post-reading : Grammar Exercise 2
In this exercise, the students have to imagine that they are helping Chuck “hear” what Wilson “says.” The students use Chuck’s answers to guess what Wilson is asking and then write down the question as reported speech. Let the students look at the example and point out that they don’t need to change the verb tense. When they have completed the written part of the exercise, they can use the questions and answers to talk to each other.
Answers to Grammar Exercise 2:
Chuck: I know, I know. You are angry with me. You think we should wait longer, but we have waited long enough already.
Wilson: Why do you want to leave this island?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks why you want to leave this island.
Chuck: I want to leave the island because I miss my friends.
Wilson: Am I not your friend?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks whether or not he is your friend.
Chuck: Yes, you are my friend, but I miss the others.
Wilson: How long have we been here?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks how long you have been here.
Chuck: We have been here for almost five years.
Wilson: How will we leave?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks how you will leave.
Chuck: How will we leave? We will wait for the wind to change. Then we will go out over the reef.
Wilson: That might be dangerous.
You: Chuck, Wilson says that might be dangerous.
Chuck: Yes, it might be dangerous, but we have to try. We can’t stay here any longer.
Wilson: Will you take care of me?
You: Chuck, Wilson asks if you will take care of him.
Chuck: Of course I will take care of you.
Wilson: I’m scared, Chuck.
You: Chuck, Wilson says he is scared.
Chuck: I’m scared, too.
Step 5 Workbook :Answers to Exercise 1:
1 Mary told Yang Mei that she was doing a biology experiment then.
2 Mary told Yang Mei that she was not free that day.
3 Mary told Yang Mei that she must / had to finish her paper that week.
4 Mary told Yang Mei that she would have to stay in the lab until the next day.
5 Mary told Yang Mei that she was going to write a report the next week.
6 Mary told Yang Mei that she had watched a very interesting TV programme the day before.
7 Mary told Yang Mei that She must / had to wait there that afternoon.
8 Mary asked Yang Mei if she would go to the Students’ Club that afternoon.
9 Mary told Yang Mei that she had visited her teacher the day before.
10 Mary asked Yang Mei who was going to study abroad the next year.
Answers to Exercise 2:
Sept 1, Monday
It’s my first day in senior high school. Mother told me to get up early. Father asked me to tie my hair up. I told myself not to worry too much.
When I arrived at school, I ran into my friend Joanna. She said I looked great. (1)I asked her where she had spent her holiday. (2)She said that she had gone to Shanghai and it had been wonderful. (3)She also asked me if I had enjoyed my holiday.
We went to the classroom for our first lesson. (4)Mr Yu asked us if we had had a pleasant holiday. (5)Then he said that he wanted to get to know us, and he asked us to write a short description of ourselves. I wrote it in English. When Mr Yu read it, (6)he said it was well-written.
After school I went back home. I told my parents about my first day in school. (7)They told me that they were proud of me.
1 “Where did you spend your holiday?” I asked /said to her.
2 “I went to Shanghai and it was wonderful,” she said.
3 “Did you enjoy your holiday?” she asked / said.
4 “Did you have a pleasant holiday?” Mr Yu asked us.
5 “I want to get to know you. Could you please write down a short description of yourselves?” he said.
6 “It’s well written,” he said.
7 “We are proud of you,” they said to me.
Answers to Exercise 3
1 Change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech and Indirect Speech into Direct Speech.
1 Hu Ming, the manager says that they run that restaurant to make friends.
2 “We are unhappy about this,” the students’ parents said.
3 Hu Ming says, “A teacher has already told me that I should spend more time on study.”
4 “Running a business takes a lot of time,” all the managers say.
5 Liu Tao says that they don’t have the money to hire enough waiters or waitresses, so they do most of the work themselves.
6 Another boy tells me that sometimes they have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant.
7 “We are doing OK,” Liu Tao says.
Step 6 Homework
(1) Finish off the work in work book
(2) change the 10 sentences into indirect speech
(3) Try to write a news story in about 100 words on page 88
(4) Revise the grammar on page 178 to page 180
Evaluation of teaching:
The Fourth Period
Teaching aims and demands
1. Integrating Skill
2. Grammar and writing
3. Get the students to write an email
Key points: 1. Useful expressions; 2.writing 3.grammar
Teaching methods: Written practice and grammar.
Teaching procedures
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the work exercises.
(2)A test for unit 1
To get the students to Review the grammar and write the passage on page 88
Pal Restaurant is one of the many restaurants where people come to eat, drink, talk and enjoy music. It is different from other restaurants because its owners are a group of college students. “We run this restaurant to make friends,” says the manager, Hu Ming.
But the students’ parents say that they are unhappy about this. “We can’t stop them but we want them to put study in the first place.” Teachers do not support them, either. Hu Ming says that a teacher has already told him that he should spend more time on study.
All the managers say that running a business takes a lot of time. “We don’t have the money to hire enough waiters or waitresses, so we do most of the work ourselves,” says Liu Tao. “Sometimes we have to skip classes to keep an eye on the restaurant,” says another boy.
But Liu Tao says they are doing OK.
3 Answers may vary. Possible titles/headlines include “Study First or Business First?” “Students Running Bar”
Step 2. Integrating Skill
Instruction: The reading describes different kinds of friends. Let the students read the first paragraph and answer questions 1-3, then ask them to think of words that can be used to describe the different kinds of friends. You can also tell the students to choose words from the “5-star friend” activity in the student’s book.
Extension What does it take to make a friendship work? The students can work in groups and select one kind of friendship described in the reading and think about the advantages and disadvantages of such a friendship. What problems might arise? How could they be solved? (The students can refer to the listening activity).
Suggested answers
1 C
2 A fair-weather friend will only like you when you are happy and popular; a forever friend is a true friend and will help you when you are in trouble.
3 List the characteristics of each kind of friend:
A fair-weather friend only likes you when you are happy and popular, doesn’t help you when you have problems. (students can add more)
A school friend studies and plays together with you, sees you in school. (students can add more)
A forever friend knows everything about you, always listens to you. (students can add more)
4 Sarah helped Janet overcome her shyness and deal with her classmates. Janet helped Sarah study math.
5 Answers may vary.
6 You can make friends with people from other countries by reading e-pal/pen pal ads in newspapers or on the Internet.
7 One of the advantages of having friends in other countries is that you can learn more about the world. You can also learn more about other languages and cultures. There are a few disadvantages, including the fact that it can be difficult to be friends if you live far away from each other.
8 Answers may vary. One possible interpretation is that all the people around us could be our friends; friendship is a two-way relationship and it takes work and patience to develop a good friendship.
Step 3 Writing
Ask the students to read the e-mail and find out what the girl wants to know more about. Tell the students to think about what they want to tell the girl. As a pre-writing activity, the students can list the things they want to include in the e-mail. When the students have written the e-mail, you can compare what they have written.
ASSESSING
A learner log is a set of questions that will help the students to reflect on how and what they have learnt. The students are asked to rate their “comfort level” and summarize what they have learnt. You can use this as an activity in class or let the students complete the log at home. Throughout the book we offer different assessment tools and we recommend that you try as many of them as possible. Learner logs and other similar assessment tools are simple to use and have a positive effect on the students’ learning and learning habits over time. The students may find it difficult to answer the questions at first, but if you use the log consistently it will help the students pay more attention to their learning strategies and set better goals. Once the students are used to the format and expectations, you can use the learner log and other assessment activities in combination with discussion and goal-setting activities.
Step 4. Post -INTEGRATING SKILLS
Ask the students to read the e-mail ads in Unit 1 and choose one to reply to. Before the students start writing, they should think about what they want to write.
Extension Use real e-pal ads from the Internet and let the students find a real e-pal from another country. If your students do not have easy access to the Internet, you can simply copy more e-pal ads and bring them to class.
Sample E-mail
Hi Jane:
My name is Xiao Fei and I come from Hunan. Hunan is in the south of China. I am a middle school student and I like speaking English. I read your e-pal ad and I would like to be your e-pal. You wrote that you like rock music. Can you tell me what bands you like? Have you ever heard any Chinese rock bands? You also wrote that you like talking and joking around. I do too! I think you and I can be good friends. Please send me an e-mail as soon as possible.
Xiao Fei
Assessment Criteria:
An e-mail is less formal than a letter and more formal than speaking. A good response to the e-pal ads should include information about who you are and where you are from. Try to encourage the students to use indirect speech to refer to the e-pal ad.
Step 5. Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises in the workbook.
(2)Write an email into my email-box.
(3) Summary the key points in this unit
Evaluation of teaching:
The Fifth period Students have an Integrating examination
The Sixth period Teachers comment the examination and Review the unit.
篇9：第一单元教学初探
第一单元教学初探
一、单元内容总述
1、本单元主题。
这是一个识字单元，编排了《天地人》《金木水火土》《口耳目》《日月水火》和《对韵歌》5 篇识字课，包括多种多种识字方法，目的是让学生爱上语文，乐于识字。
2、本单元重点。
（1）重点是借助听读和联系生活经验来学习汉字。教学时要充分联系学生的生活，运用多种识字方法，运用直观形象的现代教学手段，帮助学生认识汉字，激发学生的识字兴趣。
（2）注意培养学生良好的'写字和朗读的习惯。写字姿势要正确，按笔顺规则正确书写。朗读课文，要努力做到读正确、读通顺。
二、单元教学要点和课时安排
内容
教学要点
课时
教学建议
识字1天地人
本课以国画为背景，向我们展示了六个常用汉字。重点是认识这六个汉字，了解事物。
1、鼓励学生多种方法识字。
2、通过听读、观察图画、联系生活等方法识字。
识字2金木水火土
本课以儿歌的形式向我们介绍了五行和自然界的四种事物，重点是认识生字，认识田字格，学写汉字。
1、通过听读、联系生活、看图想象等方法认识“一二”等汉字。
2、观察、仿照范字，学习正确地书写汉字。
识字3口耳目
本课以图画的形式介绍了人体的四个身体部位及相关的动词，重点是识记生字，会写横折、撇、弯钩3个笔画。
1、借助图画，识记生字。
2、联系生活了解“坐、立、行”的规范。
识字4日月水火
本课给我们介绍了生活中常见的8个象形字，重点是初步了解象形字的构字特点，识记生字。按笔顺规则正确书写“禾、火”等字。
1、图片与汉字对照，理解字义，识记字形。
2、按笔顺规则正确书写汉字。
识字5对韵歌
本课以韵文的形式向我们介绍四种自然现象、四种动植物和美丽风光图。重点是识记生字，读准字音。
通过听读、看图想象等方法识记生字。
口语交际：我说你做
本口语交际是以“我说你做”为交际内容。重点是“大声说”和“注意听”。
1、说话有自信，能在适当的场合“大声说，让别人听得见”。
2、“注意听别人说话。”
语文园地一
本次园地主要内容是读谜语诗，认识生字，会写汉字。区别运用形近字，会写独体字，正确诵读《咏鹅》，和大人一起读《小兔子乖乖》。重点是识字、写字，正确辨析运用形近字，按照正确笔顺书写汉字，诵读古诗，阅读儿歌。
1、多元识字。
2、范读、听读的形式诵读谜语诗。
3、书写时，先看后写再对照。
4、多种形式的朗读和背诵。
5、用听读、唱读的方式正确朗读短文。
快乐读书吧
《读书真快乐》提到阅读的方式和阅读的途径。重点是体会阅读的快乐，产生阅读的期待，乐于和大家分享课外阅读成果。
1、充分发挥4幅场景图及提示语的作用。
2、联系生活实际进行阅读。
篇10：第一单元写作的教学方案
教学目标：
1能仔细观察人物，准确捕捉人物形象的外在特点。
2恰当运用多种描写方法，写出人物的特点，显示人物的个性。
3培养由外部触及人物内心并能把握其性格的'能力，展示人物的内心世界。
4能运用规定的符号自改、互改习作，提高作文质量。
一、写作指导：
1自学“观察人物特点，写出人物个性”。
2让学生说说《水浒》中最让自己难忘的形象，并谈谈其出色的人物描写。(寒假中已让学生开始阅读《水浒》)
3推荐《父亲》及《父亲的爱》两篇文章，与学生一起分析两文的写作技巧，前者着重借助环境描写及外貌、语言、动作、心理的描写来刻画人物，后者着重通过精心选材、对比反衬等描写人物。
4总结，具体显现本次练笔的意图。
二、学生当堂作文：题目“猜猜他是谁”
三、学生自改、互改作文。
四、作文讲评：
1榜上有名：表扬作文中在不同方面有亮点的学生。
2佳作欣赏：让学生朗读自己的作品，谈自己的创作体会。
3片段欣赏：与学生一起发现佳处，进行点评。
4出谋划策：选一段文章，共同提出修改。
篇11：第一单元诵读欣赏教学方案
教学目的
1.通过诗歌形象,深切体会诗的意境
2.结合背景,感受作者所抒发的感情。
3.品味诗歌生动形象的语言特点,并学会灵活运用诗中句名
教学重难点
1．感悟作者的思想感情
2．品味诗歌优美的语言
教学计划
共2课时 第一课时教授《古诗二首》，第二课时教授《周总理，你在哪里》
教学过程：
第一课时
初备 统复备
一、导语
同学们从小学到现在，一定去过不少寺院，想想看都去过哪些寺院，（学生回答）我们已经学习了不少描写寺院的古诗，想想看学习了哪些在关寺院的古诗（学生回答）有哪些感受呢？（生答）。今天再学习一首描写寺院的古诗
二、解题
1．《题破山寺后禅院》。 （投影）
作者介绍：常建，唐代田园诗人。其作品往往通过对田园景色的描绘，表现对大自然秀丽风光的热爱和对悠闲恬静的田园生活的向往，歌颂隐逸生活，抒发闲情逸致，有时流露出对污浊官场的厌恶。艺术风格上朴素真切，清新自然，诗情画意，浑然一体。本诗是常建的代表作。
三、诵读欣赏
1．配乐范读，（投影展现）
注意划分节奏和语速语调
2．自由朗读
（1）结合注释理解诗意
（2）共同讨论质疑解难
3．配乐竞读
学生评议，教师点结
4．师生品读
（1）．品读意境：（投影）
写了哪些景物？这些景物有何特点？
————讨论明确 景物有古寺、初日、高林、曲径、禅房、花木、山水，可谓步步有景。这些景物都幽雅、宁静、安闲，即使有鸟儿的欢腾、钟筹的声响，也只是以动村静，更增添了一份肃穆与淡然之气。
读后有怎样的感受？试着将其改写成一段写景散文。
————使人读后仿佛进入了一个与世隔绝的净地，心中杂念、浮躁消失殆尽，不禁沉醉于这样的幽林清潭、山光花色之中。
清晨我信步来到破山寺，
朝阳映照着高高的树林。
曲折山道通向幽静处所，
禅房深藏之处花卉缤纷。
山光秀丽怡悦群鸟性情，
碧潭映影净化人的`心灵。
自然界的声音全然消失，
只听到院里的钟磬声音……
（2）品读情感
这首诗抒发作者怎样思想感情？
?————诗旨在赞美后禅院景色之幽静，作者寄情山水寄托自己遁世情怀。
（3）品味语言（投影）
你最喜欢哪句诗，说说喜欢的理由
————“曲径通幽处，排房花木深”是历来为人所称诵的佳句， “曲径”一句，写出了禅房的位置及环境，弯弯曲曲的小路将人们引向一个幽静的去处，那就是在繁花簇拥中，高木掩映下的禅房。诗句的妙处在于“曲”“幽”“深”三字留给读者无限暇想的空间，读者会身不由己地进人这个加入了自己想像成分的境地，使原来的“无我之境”成为“有我之境”，读者的心灵也受到这种清灵幽深环境的吸引与净化，人与自然成为和谐的一体。因为一个心存杂念的人是不配进入这种画面的。诗句既给人美妙的想像、愉悦的感受，又给人心灵的净化与升华，而且这一切全在不动声色之中进行，这便是其超人之处了。？
———— “山光悦鸟性，潭影空人心”一句中的“悦”与“空”都是使动用法， 应理解为“使……欢 悦”“使……消除”否则整句诗歌的意义将无法把握鸟声潭影，正写其幽静。鸟性之悦，人心之空，都出于人之主观感受。
————万籁此俱寂，但余钟磬音，是静中之动，愈见其静。不过，声静还是表象，心静才是意境，故万籁俱寂之中又有万念俱寂的意思在；闻钟磬之声亦仿佛听佛法而有所警觉。。
5．配乐齐读
6．比较阅读
与本诗意境及感情相同或相近的古代诗还有哪些？
篇12：高一一册第一单元教学设计纲要..
高一一册第一单元教学设计纲要..
邓浩
第一单元
一、单元课文特点
1．本单元四篇课文都是哲学论文。《人生的境界》一文，就“人生的境界”和“哲学的任务”提出了独到的见解，对提高我们的思想道德修养有着十分重要的意义；《人是什么》一文，就人的本质和人生的价值问题做了十分深入的探讨，鼓舞人们以自强不息的精神进行创造性的劳动，投身到人类进步的伟大事业中；《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文，赞美了庄子思想的博大精深，对他不与当时的统治者合作的态度和做法给予了充分的肯定和赞扬；《孔孟》一文，以一个新的视角，主要就孔孟之间的不同点及其产生的原因进行了深入而翔实的阐述，显示出理论研究的精细。
2．思想有深度，理论有高度，是这四篇文章的共同特点。这些文章内容都是作者在各自研究领域，经过潜心研究提出的富有独创性的见解。这些研究成果，对于丰富我们的文化底蕴，提高我们的哲学素养和人生境界都是十分有益的。
3．把深奥的道理讲得深入浅出，易于被读者了解，也是这四篇文章的共同点。《人生的境界》一文层次清楚，条理清晰；语言简明，通俗易懂，使读者对哲学的任务一目了然；《人是什么》一文旁征博引，并且运用了大量生动形象的比喻，使我们对人的本质和人生的价值获得了具体而深入的了解；《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文比喻生动，事例典型，分析透彻，使读者对庄子的思想有了深刻的了解；《孔孟》一文主要运用对比的方法，使我们对孔孟的不同点有了比较清晰的认识。
4．论证方法多种多样，使这几篇文章具有极强的说服力。例证论证、引证论证、比喻论证、对比论证、因果论证等多种论证方法的熟练运用，不但使文章的观点得到了充分而详细的论证，而且也使文章显得手法多样，灵活而生动，使读者在跟随作者登堂人室享受喻理愉悦、提升思想境界的同时，也欣赏到了论说文写法的艺术美。
二、单元教学目标
1．引导学生提高自身的思想道德境界和哲学理论水平，树立自强不息的精神，为中华民族的伟大复兴和人类的进步而奋斗。
2．培养学生阅读论说文的能力和写作水平。在理清思想结构的基础上，能迅速筛选信息，把握中心句和关键句，提高学生的概括能力和表述能力。
3．培养学生质疑思辨的能力，批判地吸收古今中外丰富的文化遗产和精神财富。对作者的观点要敢于和善于提出不同意见，进行创造性地学习。
4．体味语言的言外意弦外音，理解语言的深层含义。
三、单元教学重点、难点
本单元的四篇文章都是哲学论文。哲学是关于世界观的学说，是自然知识和社会知识的概括和总结。哲学的根本问题是思维和存在、精神和物质的关系问题，根据对这个问题的不同回答而形成了唯心主义哲学和唯物主义哲学两大对立的派别。在教学过程 中，要把树立唯物主义世界观、批判唯心主义世界观放在突出的地位。要密切联系实际，启发学生针对现实生活中出现的形形色色的伪科学进行分析和批判，引导学生树立科学的人生观、世界观。
著名学者、哲学家冯友兰先生在《人生的境界》一文说：“哲学的任务是什么?我曾提出，按照中国哲学的传统，它的任务不是增加关于实际的积极的知识，而是提高人的精神境界。”中国的哲学体现了中华民族最深层的生存方式和文化核心以及由这种生存方式和文化核心所转化的自觉生存智慧和价值观念。其最终目的`，是为了在理性原则的指导下从事德行实践，通过道德主体的自觉操持，实现人生的价值和意义。我们学习这篇文章，就要力求做一个有道德境界和天地境界的人，做一个应该成为人的人。
在《人是什么》一文中，作者提到了古今中外许多著名哲学家、思想家、教育家、文学家以及物理学家的哲学主张，他们都有很高的精神境界。东、西方哲学家的一致见解是：生无所息。这正是《周易》中所说的“天行健，君子以自强不息”的精神。学习这篇文章，我们就应当以这种精神作为我们一生中的座右铭，紧紧把握住现在，为中华民族的腾飞和人类的进步事业奋力拼搏。
在《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文中，作者对庄子思想的博大精深给予了充分的肯定与赞美。无论是政治上还是人生态度上，庄子都主张自然无为。他的这种哲学思想当然是有一定积极意义的，但是，如果我们人人都采取这样的一种人生态度，科学将无从发展，社会将无从进步。
哲学同世界上的一切事物一样都是与时俱进、不断发展的。所以，我们也要用发展的眼光看待这些精神财富，在学习中要善于去伪存真、去粗取精，在汲取前辈哲学家精神营养的同时，对他们的哲学观点作出科学的批判。
阅读中要善于质疑思辨。质疑思辨是一种“读思结合”的创造性阅读。孔子说：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”这说明，学习和思考是相辅相成的。“小疑则小进，大疑则大进，无疑则不进”，这话是很有道理的。在阅读中，多问几个为什么，疑问也就有了；如果实在无疑，不妨“于无疑处有疑”。阅读过程是不断生疑、不断思考、不断探究的过程。王安石说，“人之愈深，其进愈难，而其见愈奇”，“而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远”。这样阅读，必然会有所发现，有所收获，甚至有所
篇13：高一英语新教材第一单元教学设计
Unit 1 Good Friends
省前中提供
Teaching Aims And Demands:
1. Learn and master the following words and expressions:
argue solution classical sorrow survive share cast deserted adventure scared…
be fond of in order to hunt for care about…
2. Review direct speech and indirect speech
3. Train the students’ ability of speaking.
4. Train the students’ ability of reading comprehension.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Everyday English:
1) Talk about friends
2) Practice talking about likes and dislikes
3) Learn to make apologies
2. The correct understanding of the passage
3. Grammar: direct speech and indirect speech
Teaching Difficult Points:
Train the students’ ability of reading comprehension
Teaching Methods:
1. Explanation to make the Ss understand the difficult languages in the passage.
2. Fast reading to find out the general information in the text.
3. Question and answer to help the students go through with the whole passage.
Teaching Aids:
1. tape recorder
2. multimedia
Teaching Procedures
Section 1
Step1. Lead-in ( warm up)
It’s the first time for you to leave your family to live all alone. And everything around you are strange, the strange school, the strange classmates, the strange teachers and so on. Most of you do not get used to the life here, especially some girls, they maybe cry at night, they miss their father, mother, sisters, brothers …, because they feel alone.
Question: What do you need when you feel alone?
Warm up
Most of you think that you need friends to talk, to care about each other when you feel alone. But not all friends are good, some of them maybe do harm to you. So what do you think a good friend should be like?…
Brainstorm:
You have talked much about good friends, and I think I will be one of your good friends, of course, I am not the smartest, but I am helpful; I am not the strongest, but I am kind; I am not the most handsome, but I am gentle. OK! I have described myself, your new friend. Now it’s your turn to describe yourselves and one of your good friends.
Step2. Listening
Good friends are helpful, they can bring you happiness, but sometimes they will
bring you some trouble too, because you can’t agree with each other on everything, so, of course, you will argue with them. Now let’s listen to this kind of argument between two friends. Please pay attention to what they are arguing about. And how do you think to solve their problem?
1. Listen to the tape.
2. Finish the questions.
3. Notes to the listening:
1) What’s the big deal?
2) What’s up?
Step3. Speaking
1. Speaking
From this material you maybe feel it important to choose people to make friends with, if there are too many differences between you, you will argue more against each other. Now, there are six persons for you to choose, the following is their information, please read it carefully and think who could be your friends and tell me your reason for your decisions.
2. Discussion
What quality of good friends is the most important? Why?
3. Make up dialogues
Situation1: You meet a new classmate, you want to make friends with him/ her.
Situation2: Two friends are arguing, because they have different opinions on something.
Step4. Language points
1. A good friend is someone who makes me happy.
make sb. / sth. +a. make sb. / sth. + n.
make sb. / sth. + pp. make sb. / sth. + do sth.
e.g. 1) We will make our country richer and stronger.
2) We make him our monitor.
3) He tried to speak clearly to make himself understood.
4) Don’t make him drink too much.
5) He is made to study by his parents, because he is not into studies
too much.
much too.
2. 他讲得太快了。
He spoke much too fast.
Tom昨天喝的酒太多了，我也是。
Tom drank too much wine yesterday, so did I.
3. Tom昨天没喝酒，我也没有。
Tom didn’t drink wine yesterday, neither / nor do I.
表示前面的情况也适合于下面时可以用so / neither / nor引起一个倒装来表示,其结构为so / neither / nor + 情态动词/帮助动词/ be + 主语
Tom昨天喝酒了，但喝得不多，我也是。
Tom drank wine yesterday, but he didn’t drank too much.
﹡如果表示前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一个人或物时，则用：
So it is / was with… 或 It is / was the same with…
﹡so / neither / nor 引起的倒装句其放在主语前面的助动词、情态动词或系动词应与前一句保持一致（人称和数作适当调整）。
﹡句中如用否定的派生词，后句使用so.
e.g. 1) I dislike coffee, so does she.
2) She is unmarried, so am I.
﹡如果下文表示的是对上文的肯定或赞成，则仅需把so放于句首，其后用正常语序。
e.g. ---- He came to school late yesterday.
---- So he did.
4. argue
argue (vi.) + with sb. about / over sth.
e.g. 1) They are arguing with their classmates about the solution to the problem.
Step5. Practice ( consolidation )
1. ---- I hear Bill likes playing basketball.
---- Yes, __________, and_________.
A. he does; so like me B. he is; either do I
C. so he does; so do I D. He does so, so am I
2. ---- Do you know which team won the game?
---- I don’t know, _____________.
A. nor do I care B. nor I care
C. neither will I D. I don’t care, too
3. These math problem are _______ difficult for me. Can you please help me out?
A. much too B. too much
C. very much D. very
Homework
1.Review what we have learned.
2.Preview the next part.
篇14：高一第一单元复习教案 教案教学设计
教学目标
1．了解现代诗歌的一般特点，了解诗歌常常借助鲜明生动的形象来抒发感情。
2．提高对现代诗歌的阅读和鉴赏能力。
3．学习诗歌富有表现力的语言。
教学课时 1 课时
教学步骤
一、阅读能力培养。
（1）广泛阅读中外名诗。
（2）诗歌鉴赏要防止僵化、片面的解读。教学中鉴赏诗歌有多种方法。
如：①要抓住诗歌中的意象，尽可能展开联想和想像，理解诗歌的思想感情；
◆意象 1、意象，即诗人意中之象，是寄寓着诗人的独特理解和特定感情的事物和景物，是诗人表达思想、抒发感情载体。比如《雨巷》中创造了两个中心意象：“雨巷”和“丁香”般的“姑娘”。“雨巷”--“悠长”“寂寥”，诗人在其中“独自彷徨”。这个意象表现了诗人在现实世界中的孤独感。“丁香”般的“姑娘”--她“在雨中哀怨，哀怨又彷徨”、“像梦一般地凄婉迷茫”，从这里飘过，不留下一丝痕迹。这个意象表现了诗人对美、爱、理想和希望的企慕与追求，以及没有着落时的迷茫心境和空虚幻灭感。如李白的《春夜洛城闻笛》：
谁家玉笛暗飞声，散入春风满洛城。
此夜曲中闻折柳，何人不起故园情？
要理解题目中的“折柳”的含义，关键就要能理解“柳”的意象。我们知道古诗中的“柳”是有特殊的含义的。柔顺婀娜、随风摆动的“柳”和“留”谐音，另外古人还有折柳送行的习俗，这就很容易引申到“柳--留--惜别--依依不舍”的层面上来。使人联想到，离别的人一看见杨柳，就会想起离别时依依不舍的场面，就会浮现出赠柳惜别的情景，心中就会涌起一缕缕离愁。这样，诗中“折柳”一词所寓含的“惜别怀远”之意就比较容易理解了。2p对于意象，我们要注意它的如下特点： ①主观和客观的统一。意象渗透诗人在特定环境、特定时刻的思想与感情，它不是对事物的客观描摹，即使是诗中最细微、最平常的事物，也都渗透了诗人主观上的情意。例如《再别康桥》这首诗中，柳树、水草、清潭、夏虫，都是寻常景物，但在诗人充满离情别意的眼里，他们都显得那么美丽、迷人而深情依依。②意象之间紧密的内在联系。一个意象运用的好坏，不仅在于这个意象是否鲜明，还在于它在整体中的地位。如果一个意象和作品所要表达的主要思想感情关系不大，没有和其他意象融为统一的整体，那么这个意象就是多余的。③意象要鲜明、有力。意象的形成：物象--形象--意象。
②要知人论世，注意诗歌创作的时代背景和诗人的思想状况，进一步懂得“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”的道理。也要注意背景与内容又不必机械地一一对应。
如果脱离了诗歌的写作背景去鉴赏诗歌，那是毫无意义的。有些诗歌不联系当时的社会背景，根本就不好理解，如闻一多的《死水》、穆旦的《赞美》等。但一般的考题并没有直接告诉我们诗歌的写作背景，这就需要我们用心去思考。细心的.同学会发现很多诗歌都标明了写作日期，我们就可以从诗歌的写作日期去联想当时的社会背景，并且运用所学到的知识结合诗歌中描写的内容进行思考。如在赏析艾青的诗歌《我爱这土地》时，就应该联系后面的写作日期“1938年11月17日”去思考。1938年，日本侵略者连续攻占了中国的广大地区，所到之处疯狂肆虐，妄图摧毁中国人民的抵抗意志。中国人民奋起抵抗，进行了不屈不挠的斗争。诗人在国土沦丧、民族危亡的关头，满怀对祖国的挚爱和对侵略者的仇恨，写下了这首慷慨激昂的诗。
③要注意诗歌的表达方式和写作技巧。
表达方式：
诗词中主要运用叙述、描述、议论、 抒情四种表达方式，这其中描写、抒情是考查的重点。描写方式有动静结合、托物言志p虚实结合等的不同；抒情方式有（抒情方式 主要有直接抒情和间接抒情两种方式。）直抒胸臆、借景抒情、寓情于景、情景交融情景相生 情因景生 以景衬情 融情入景 一切景语皆情语等。
写作技巧包括：
赋比兴、衬托、对比、渲染、卒章显志、画龙点睛、以小见大、欲扬先抑、联想想象、语序倒置等。
艺术风格：
包括雄浑、旷达、豪放、俊爽、冲淡、沉郁、悲慨、婉约
结构方式：（首尾照应，开门见山、层层深入，先总后分，先景后情、卒章显志，过渡、铺垫、伏笔）
⑤注意明辨各种修辞手法
古诗词中作者常常会运用各种不同的修辞手法，使表情达意丰富形象。
比喻：最常用的技巧。写同一事物还可以用不同比喻。如李煜的“恰似一江春水向东流”，写了“似春水”的“愁之多，之源源不断”。
通感：把视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉沟通起来，如林逋的“暗香浮动月黄昏”，用视觉“暗”写嗅觉“香”、突出梅香的特点。
借代：如用“帆”代“船”，“朱门”代“权贵豪门之家”。
互文：在连贯性话语中，将本应含在一起的词语，分别安排在上下两句，或一句的上下段中，既省字又表意。如白居易的“主人下马客在船”，实际是说：“主人下马在船，客人下马在船”。
设问：如李煜的“问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流”。
夸张：如辛弃疾的“东风夜放花千树，更吹落，星如雨”。
古诗词常用的修辞还有拟人、反问、反复等，都要求我们去注意。
⑥注意关注诗歌题目
诗歌的题目很重要，往往可以透露出重要的线索，如上海卷，试题为“约客”，作者约人，对方迟迟没有来，环境上“家家雨，处处蛙”的渲染，约了客人，怎么不来？突出了作者等待的焦虑。
⑦注意运用联想、想象
诗歌鉴赏是一种再创造。再创造的主要方式是联想、想象，如王驾的《雨晴》，作者没有描写邻家院子景色，但写了“蜂蝶纷纷过墙去”这一实景。如果考生紧紧依傍这一诗句，透过言在此而意在彼的重重迷雾，会联想到邻家春色美不胜收，如此景致，连路人都会驻足观望，更何况是喜花的蜂蝶呢！
④从诗歌的关键词句入手进行诗歌鉴赏
我们在学习郑愁予的《错误》时，老师都会讲到理解这首诗要从“我不是归人，是个过客”一句入手，这一句是我们理解这首诗的关键，也是突破口。有时候，诗歌中还有一些提示性的语言，如有的诗歌就写了是为谁而作、为何而作等，这也可以作为我们理解诗歌的突破口。舒婷的《这也是一切》下面还有一个小标题“答一位青年朋友的《一切》”就是一个例子。
⑤从诗人的世界观和人生观入手进行诗歌鉴赏
我们说“文如其人”，也可以说“诗如其人”，也就是说诗人有着怎样的世界观和人生观，那么这些观念在他们的诗歌中必然有所折射。我们知道海子是个理想主义者，那么我们从这一印象出发去理解《面朝大海，春暖花开》就更快捷一些。相反，如果我们不了解余光中其人，那么《乡愁》就不好理解。对于比较熟悉的诗人，我们常可以联系诗人的世界观和人生观去进行思考。
古代诗词中常见的思想情感
● 忧国伤时
● 建功报国
● 思乡怀人
● 生活杂感
● 长亭送别
⑧鉴赏用词之妙
“日色冷青松”（《过香积寺》王维 ：不知香积寺，数里入云峰。古木无人径，深山何处钟。泉声咽危石，日色冷青松。薄暮空潭曲，安禅制毒龙。
【评析】这是一首写游览的诗，主要在于描写景物。题意在写山寺，但并不正面描摹，而用侧写环境，来表现山寺之幽胜。“云峰”、“古木”、“深山”、“危石”、“青松”、“空潭”，字字扣合寺院身分。最后看到深潭已空，想到《涅诰》中所说的其性暴烈的毒龙已经制服，喻指僧人之机心妄想已被制服，不觉又悟到禅理的高深。全诗不写寺院，而寺院已在其中。构思奇妙、炼字精巧。“泉声咽危石，日色冷青松，”历代被誉为炼字典范。）
大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆（王维《使至塞上》）
王维《使至塞上》：“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆。”一个“直”字更显荒漠的浩瀚无际，“圆”字更显长河的磅礴远大。
李清照《醉花阴》中：“莫道不消魂，帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦。”“瘦”字是词眼，是全词精神集中表现的地方，因为有刻骨铭心的离愁，所以衣带渐宽，腰肢瘦损。“人比黄花瘦”五字，以生动的形象来表达感情，而“为伊消得人憔悴”之含义，自在其中。
总之，教学过程中要注意调动学生的生活体验，启发学生的悟性和灵性。可以结合单元后面朱光潜先生的文章，进一步领悟诗歌鉴赏的技巧；可以通过诵读，感受诗歌的音乐美，体验诗中的节奏、韵律，体会诗中浓郁的感情；可以通过感知和分析诗歌语言，进行联想和想像，理解诗中生动、鲜明的形象（意象）和品味诗歌的意境美，领悟诗的主旨和意味。
二、掌握古诗词基本知识
诗歌分为古体诗(又称“古风”)、今体诗(又称“格律诗”)。
古体诗：包括“今体诗”出现以前的除“楚辞”以外的所有诗作，也包括“今体诗”出现以后的除“今体诗”以外的所有诗作。“歌、行、吟”分别是古体诗的一种体裁。如岑参的《白雪歌送武判官归京》、白居易的《琵琶行》、李白的《梦游天姥吟留别》。
今体诗：分为律诗、绝句。律诗每首八句，有五律(五字)、七律(七字)。首联(一、二句)、颔联(三、四句)、颈联(五、六句)、尾联(七、八句)，颔联、颈联必须对仗。绝句每首四句，有五绝(五字)、七绝(七字)，二、四、六、八句押韵，首句可押可不押，一般押平声韵，一韵到底。
词：是今体诗之后产生于盛唐，流行于中唐，发展于晚唐与五代，成就于宋代的一种新诗体。词又称长短句(句子字数不等、长短不一)、诗余(由诗歌发展而来)。根据词的长短，词又分单调(也叫小令，一般认为58字以内)、中调(一般分上下阙，58-96字)、长调(96字以上，三阙以上)。词有词牌，词牌严格律定了每首词的格律和音韵。
曲：即散曲，分为“小令”、“套数”。是宋金时期逐渐形成的一种新诗体。曲与词的最大不同，是曲可在词规定的字数中增加衬字，从而增加语言的生动性，更自由灵活地表达思想与情感。
三、把握不同的诗作题材
就诗作题材内容的不同，古诗词可分为写景(抒情)诗、记事(咏怀)诗、咏史(怀古)诗、咏物(言志)诗、田园(山水)诗、边塞(征战)诗等等。
写景诗：学生在高中阶段大体接触过，毋须多说。
咏怀诗：叙事抒怀，通过具体的事件的叙写来抒写胸臆，抒写个人的恨别、怀远、思乡、离愁、感时等情怀的作品。如王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀州》、杜甫的《春望》。
咏史诗：诗人对某一历史事件或历史人物的咏叹，一般融进了诗人独到的见识，以史咏怀，以史诵人，以史治史，以史喻今。如陶渊明、刘禹锡、杜牧等都是咏史诗的作者。
咏物诗：主要特点是托物言志。这类古诗中的“物”多具有特定意义的意象。如桃花象征美人、牡丹寄寓富贵、杨花有飘零之意等等，不同的意象有不同的内蕴。
山水田园诗：写田园生活和山水风景，陶渊明是田园诗的开山，南朝的谢灵运是山水诗的鼻祖。唐代形成了山水田园诗派，主要有王维、孟浩然、储光羲、常建等。
边塞诗：描写边塞生活与民族矛盾，还有一系列与边塞有关的东西形成于盛唐，最高成就为高适、岑参、王昌龄、王之涣。
四、分清各种风格流派
“风格”是指诗人在选择题材、塑造形象以及语言运用等方面形成的创作特色。如陶渊明的诗恬淡平和，王维的诗诗中有画，李白的诗豪放飘逸，杜甫的诗沉郁顿挫。
流派主要指诗歌的流派和词的流派。
1.诗歌流派：现实主义、浪漫主义
现实主义：提倡客观地观察现实生活，精确细腻地描写现实，真实地表现典型环境的典型人物。源头：《诗经》；代表作家：杜甫、白居易、陆游等。
浪漫主义：善于抒发对理想的热烈追求，用热情奔放的语言、奇特的想象和夸张手法、神话故事来塑造形象。源头：《楚辞》；代表作家：屈原、李白、李贺、龚自珍等。
2.词的流派：豪放派、婉约派豪放派：气势磅礴，格调高昂，意境雄浑，感情激荡。代表人物：苏轼、辛弃疾。
婉约派：笔调柔和，感情细腻，委婉缠绵，韵味深远。代表人物：刘永、姜夔、秦观、李清照。
三、基础知识聚焦
（一）文学常识
1．徐志摩（1896-1931） 现代诗人，“新月派”代表诗人，著有《志摩的诗》《猛虎集》《云游集》等。有名作《再别康桥》等。
2．闻一多（1899-1946） 现代诗人、学者、民主战士。早年参加“新月社”，著有诗集《红烛》《死水》。
3．艾青（1910-） 现代诗人，原名蒋海澄，1932年加入“中国左翼作家联盟”，《大堰河--我的保姆》是他的成名之作。抗战期间，写了长诗《向太阳》《火把》。解放后，又写了《在浪尖上》《光的赞歌》。
4．舒婷 当代女诗人，“朦胧诗派”代表诗人。出版有诗集《双桅船》，并与顾城合编《舒婷、顾城抒情涛选》，她的创作有典型的浪漫主义风格。
5．普希金（1799-1837） 19世纪俄国积极浪漫主义文学的代表和批判现实主义文学的奠基人。著有抒情诗《自由颂》《致恰达耶夫》《致大海》《致诗人》等，中篇小说《上尉的女儿》，代表作长篇诗体小说《叶甫盖尼奥涅金》（也译作《欧根奥涅金》）。
6．华兹华斯（1770-1850） 英国“湖畔派”代表诗人，消极浪漫主义代表诗人。
7．爱密丽狄金森（1830-1886） 十九世纪美国女诗人。诗写得都很短，富有奇想，常寓有深邃的哲理。但也常有玄秘主义和晦涩的毛病。
8．裴多菲（1823-1849） 十九世纪匈牙利最伟大的爱国诗人。他的《自由爱情》一诗被白莽意泽为《爱情和自由》：“生命诚可贵，爱情价更高，若为自由故，二者皆可抛。”在我国流传甚广。
9．词 产生于唐代，最初称曲子词，是民间创作，到中唐时期一些文人也开始作词．经过五代到宋，词发展到了极盛时期。
词最初是配音乐的，后来词逐渐和音乐分离，成为诗的别体，故也有人称词为“诗余”。词牌，就是词的格式的名称。不同的词牌，其段数、句数、韵律，每句的字数、句式、声律，均有各自不同的规格。
篇15：高一第一册第一单元第一课
高一第一册第一单元第一课
请问第一课，我想问个问题：朝抵抗力最大的路径走，是不是人活着就为了受苦？应怎样答？thank you!
高一第一册第一单元第一课<新版书>由本站会员分享，版权归作者所有,请注明出处!
篇16：高一一册第一单元 纲要..
高一一册第一单元 纲要..
邓浩
第一单元
一、单元课文特点
1．本单元四篇课文都是哲学/论文。《人生的境界》一文，就“人生的境界”和“哲学的任务”提出了独到的见解，对提高我们的思想道德修养有着十分重要的意义；《人是什么》一文，就人的本质和人生的价值问题做了十分深入的探讨，鼓舞人们以自强不息的精神进行创造性的劳动，投身到人类进步的伟大事业中；《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文，赞美了庄子思想的博大精深，对他不与当时的统治者合作的态度和做法给予了充分的肯定和赞扬；《孔孟》一文，以一个新的视角，主要就孔孟之间的不同点及其产生的原因进行了深入而翔实的阐述，显示出理论研究的精细。
2．思想有深度，理论有高度，是这四篇文章的共同特点。这些文章内容都是作者在各自研究领域，经过潜心研究提出的富有独创性的见解。这些研究成果，对于丰富我们的文化底蕴，提高我们的哲学素养和人生境界都是十分有益的。
3．把深奥的道理讲得深入浅出，易于被读者了解，也是这四篇文章的共同点。《人生的境界》一文层次清楚，条理清晰；语言简明，通俗易懂，使读者对哲学的任务一目了然；《人是什么》一文旁征博引，并且运用了大量生动形象的比喻，使我们对人的本质和人生的价值获得了具体而深入的了解；《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文比喻生动，事例典型，分析透彻，使读者对庄子的思想有了深刻的了解；《孔孟》一文主要运用对比的'方法，使我们对孔孟的不同点有了比较清晰的认识。
4．论证方法多种多样，使这几篇文章具有极强的说服力。例证论证、引证论证、比喻论证、对比论证、因果论证等多种论证方法的熟练运用，不但使文章的观点得到了充分而详细的论证，而且也使文章显得手法多样，灵活而生动，使读者在跟随作者登堂人室享受喻理愉悦、提升思想境界的同时，也欣赏到了论说文写法的艺术美。
二、单元教学目标
1．引导学生提高自身的思想道德境界和哲学理论水平，树立自强不息的精神，为中华民族的伟大复兴和人类的进步而奋斗。
2．培养学生阅读论说文的能力和.写作水平。在理清思想结构的基础上，能迅速筛选信息，把握中心句和关键句，提高学生的概括能力和表述能力。
3．培养学生质疑思辨的能力，批判地吸收古今中外丰富的文化遗产和精神财富。对作者的观点要敢于和善于提出不同意见，进行创造性地学习。
4．体味语言的言外意弦外音，理解语言的深层含义。
三、单元教学重点、难点
本单元的四篇文章都是哲学/论文。哲学是关于世界观的学说，是自然知识和社会知识的概括和.总结。哲学的根本问题是思维和存在、精神和物质的关系问题，根据对这个问题的不同回答而形成了唯心主义哲学和唯物主义哲学两大对立的派别。在教学过程中，要把树立唯物主义世界观、批判唯心主义世界观放在突出的地位。要密切联系实际，启发学生针对现实生活中出现的形形色色的伪科学进行分析和批判，引导学生树立科学的人生观、世界观。
著名学者、哲学家冯友兰先生在《人生的境界》一文说：“哲学的任务是什么?我曾提出，按照中国哲学的传统，它的任务不是增加关于实际的积极的知识，而是提高人的精神境界。”中国的哲学体现了中华民族最深层的生存方式和文化核心以及由这种生存方式和文化核心所转化的自觉生存智慧和价值观念。其最终目的，是为了在理性原则的指导下从事德行实践，通过道德主体的自觉操持，实现人生的价值和意义。我们学习这篇文章，就要力求做一个有道德境界和天地境界的人，做一个应该成为人的人。
在《人是什么》一文中，作者提到了古今中外许多著名哲学家、思想家、教育家、文学家以及物理学家的哲学主张，他们都有很高的精神境界。东、西方哲学家的一致见解是：生无所息。这正是《周易》中所说的“天行健，君子以自强不息”的精神。学习这篇文章，我们就应当以这种精神作为我们一生中的座右铭，紧紧把握住现在，为中华民族的腾飞和人类的进步事业奋力拼搏。
在《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文中，作者对庄子思想的博大精深给予了充分的肯定与赞美。无论是政治上还是人生态度上，庄子都主张自然无为。他的这种哲学思想当然是有一定积极意义的，但是，如果我们人人都采取这样的一种人生态度，科学将无从发展，社会将无从进步。
哲学同世界上的一切事物一样都是与时俱进、不断发展的。所以，我们也要用发展的眼光看待这些精神财富，在学习中要善于去伪存真、去粗取精，在汲取前辈哲学家精神营养的同时，对他们的哲学观点作出科学的批判。
阅读中要善于质疑思辨。质疑思辨是一种“读思结合”的创造性阅读。孔子说：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”这说明，学习和思考是相辅相成的。“小疑则小进，大疑则大进，无疑则不进”，这话是很有道理的。在阅读中，多问几个为什么，疑问也就有了；如果实在无疑，不妨“于无疑处有疑”。阅读过程是不断生疑、不断思考、不断探究的过程。王安石说，“人之愈深，其进愈难，而其见愈奇”，“而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远”。这样阅读，必然会有所发现，有所收获，甚至有所创造。
在学习中，还要注意比较，在比较中找出古今中外哲学家哲学观点的同与异。只有了解了各种哲学观点的同与异，才能准确把握哲学家们各自不同的哲学主张。同时还要密切联系实际，用正确的哲学理论指导我们的学习和工作。只有这样，才能把哲学学习落到实处。
提高论说文的阅读能力和.写作水平，也是本单元的重点内容之一。通过训练，要求学生能把握作者的主要观点、论证思路和立论依据；能准确、迅速地筛选出文中的关键句、中心句，并在此基础上用简要的语言进行概括和表述。要求学生能较熟练地运用例证论证、引证论证、对比论证、比喻论证、因果论证等方法写论说文。
阅读离不开对语言的揣摩，要引导学生深入体味语言的言外意弦外音，提高对语言的感悟能力和鉴赏水平。
四、单元教学设计
本单元共四篇课文，前两篇为教读课文，后两篇为自读课文。教读课文共用四课时，根据课文难易、长短，《人生的境界》可用一课时，《人是什么》可用三课时。自读课文各用一课时。
由于哲学/论文所涉及的内容博大精深，教学目的和方法应以“质疑思辨”为主，采用“研究阅读”的模式进行为好。鉴于课时较少的现实，要求学生课前要做较为充分的预习。教师可在课前布置一些富有启发性的思考题，要求学生以个人或小组的方式进行准备。教师则要在潜心研读的基础上，分析学生可能提出的问题，做好应答的准备。课堂上，要鼓励学生畅所欲言，既要有正确的引导，又不要急于对一些问题急忙下结论。提倡学生之间、师生之间的质疑与辩驳。对学生提出的富有创见性的观点，要及时予以表扬，激发他们学习与研究的兴趣，培养学生的创新精神。不要求对所有有争议的问题下一个所谓的定论，要鼓励学生课下继续讨论与研究。教师当然可以提出自己的看法，但不要强加于人。总之，要创设一个平等与民主的课堂气氛。
自读课应以学生自学为主，但教师也要体现主导作用。比如《庄子：在我们无路可走的时候》一文，作者对庄子拒绝与当权者合作的精神给予了肯定与赞扬。学生在讨论中，可能会产生肯定与否定两种对立的观点，教师则可以引导学生探讨庄子思想形成的时代背景，对庄子“清静无为”的思想给予实事求是的评价，采取扬弃的态度。对《孔孟》一文，则以弄清孔孟的不同点及其立论依据为主，引导学生学习科学研究的方法和论说文的.写作方法。总之，自读课应当突出学生的活动，但也不能撒手不管走过场，教师的主导作用不能忽视。
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