以下是小编帮大家整理的英语四级词汇真题强化训练，本文共7篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
篇1：英语四级词汇真题强化训练
1._______ elephants are different from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.
A) Cultivated
B) Regulated
C) Civil
D) Tame
2. Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to _______.
A) resign
B) reject
C) retreat
D) replace
3. As one of the world#39;s highest paid models, she had her face_______ for five million dollars.
A) deposited
B) assured
C) measured
D) insured
答案
1. D
受过驯化的大象和野生大象在包括性情在内的许多方面不一样。
A) Cultivated 有教养的；
B) Regulated 有管制的；
C) Civil 有礼貌的；
D) Tame ( 指动物 ) 驯服的、柔顺的。
2. A
十天前，这个年轻人告诉了老板他想辞职的打算。
A) resign 辞职；
B) reject 拒绝；
C) retreat 撤退；
D) replace 替换。
3. D
作为世界上最高薪酬的模特之一，她为她的脸投保 500 万美元。
A) deposed 放下,放置;寄存
B) assured 对 ... 进行保险；
虽然 ensure 和 insure 在一般情况下可以互换，现在只有 insure 广泛用于美国英语中，指“给人或财产保险以防意外。”
C) measured 测量 , 测度；
D) insured 给 ... 保险 ; 保 ... 险
篇2：历年英语四级考试真题高频词汇
大学英语四级词汇与语法、完形填空题以考查各类词组和固定搭配为重点，这些词组和搭配在阅读理解、翻译和写作中也有重要作用，所以这里将各类词组以词性为中心加以分类，以便帮助大家学习和记忆。这些词组和固定搭配不仅在四、六级考试中至关重要，研究生入学英语考试中它们也是考查重点。
名词词组和固定搭配
1.介词+名词
by accident 偶然
on account of 因为，由于，为了……的缘故
in addition to 另外，加之
in addition 除…之外(还)
in the air 流传中
on (the／an) average 按平均值，通常
on the basis of 根据，在…的基础上
at best 充其量，至多
for the better 好转，向好的方向发展
on board 在船(车或飞机)上
out of breath 喘不过气来
on business 因公，因事
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in case of 假如，如果发生；防备
in case 假使，以防(万一)
in no case 决不，无论如何不
by chance 偶然，碰巧
in charge (of) 负责，管理
(a)round the lock 日夜不停地
in common 共用的，共有的
in conclusion 最后，总之
on condition (that) 如果
in consequence of 由于…的缘故，因为
on the contrary 正相反
in contrast with／to 与…对比起来，与…形成对比
out of control 失去控制
under control 处于控制之下
at all cots 不惜任何代价，无论如何
at the cost of 以…为代价
in the course of 在…过程中，在…期间
of course 当然，自然
in danger 在危险中，垂危
out of danger 脱离危险
out of date 过时的，不用的
up to date 现代化的，切合目前情况的
in demand 非常需要的，受欢迎的
in debt 欠债，负债
in detail 详细他
in difficulties 处境困难
in the distance 在远处
off duty 下了班(的)，不在值班(的)
on duty 在上班(的)，在值班(的)
on earth 究竟，到底
at all events 无论如何，不管怎样
in any event 无论如何，不管怎样
in the event of 万一，倘若
for example 例如
in the face of 在…面前；不顾
in fact 其实，实际上
in favo(u)r of 赞同，支持
on fire 着火，起火
on foot 步行
in force 生效，有效；在实施中；大量的
in front of 在…面前，在…前面
in future 今后，从今以后
in the future 在将来
in general 一般说来，大体上
on (one’s) guard 警惕，提防；站岗，值班
in half 成两半
at hand近在手边，在附近
by hand 用手，用体力
hand down 把…传下去
hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联地，同时并进地
in hand (工作等)在进行中；在控制中
on hand 在手边，在近处
on (the) one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
at heart 内心里，本质上
by heart 凭记性
at home 在家，在国内；舒适，无拘束；熟悉，精通
in hono(u)r of 为纪念，为了向…表示敬意
on／upon one’s hono(u)r 以名誉担保
in a hurry 匆忙，急于
for instance 例如；比如
at intervals 不时，每隔一段时间(或距离)
at (long) last 终于
at least 至少
at length 终于，最终；详细地
in (the) light of 鉴于，由于
2.动词+名词
have／gain access to 可以获得
take…into account 考虑到，顾及，体谅
take advantage of 占…的便宜，利用
pave the way (for) 铺平道路，为…作准备
pay attention to 注意
do／try one’s best 尽力，努力
get／have the best of 战胜
make the best of 充分利用
get／have the better of 战胜，在…中占上风
catch one’s breath 屏息；喘气，气喘；歇口气
take care 注意，当心
take care of 爱护，照料
take a chance 冒险，投机
take charge 开始管理，接管
keep…company 陪伴
take (a) delight in 以…为乐
make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用
carry／bring／put into effect 使生效，实行，实现
come／go into effect 生效，实施
take effect 生效，起作用
catch sb’s eye 被某人看到，引起某人注意
keep an eye on 留神，照看，密切注意
make a face 做鬼脸
find fault with 抱怨，挑剔，找岔子
catch (on) fire 着火，开始燃烧
make fiends (with) 与(…)交朋友
be friends with 与…友好
make fun of 取笑，拿…开玩笑
keep sb’s head 保持镇静
in the world 究竟，到底
lose sb’s head 慌乱，仓皇失措
lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心
get／catch／take hold of 抓住，得到 [page]
keep house 管理家务
throw／cast light on／upon 使人了解，阐明
bear／keep in mind 记住
have in mind 考虑到，想到
make up one’s mind 下定决心，打定主意
bring／put into operation 实施，使生效，使运行
come／go into operation 施行，实行，生效
keep pace (with) 与(…)齐步前进，与(…)并驾齐驱
play a part (in) 起作用，参与，扮演角色
take place 发生，进行，举行
take the place of 代替，取代
put into practice 实施，实行
make progress 进步，进展
give rise to 引起，导致为…的原因
make sense 讲得通，有意义，言之有理
catch sight of 发现，突然看见
(go) on the stage 当演员
take one’s time 不着急，不慌忙
keep track of 与…保持联系
lose track of 失去与…的联系，不能跟上…的进展
make use of 利用
put to use 使用
give way 让路；屈服，让步；倒塌，坍陷
make one’s way 前往，行进，去
make way 让路，腾出地方或位置
3.名词词组的其他形式
appeal to 呼吁，恳求
attempt at 企图，努力
attitude to/towards 态度，看法
a great/good deal of 大量，非常，极其
influence in 干涉，介入
interference with 妨碍，打扰
introduction to 介绍
a lot (of) 许多(的)，大量(的)
lots of 大量，许多
fall in love (with sb) 爱上(某人)
reply to 回答，答复
trolley bus 电车
i.d. card 身份证
credit card 信用卡
no doubt 无疑地，很可能
next door 隔壁
out of doors 在户外
face to face 面对面地
a few 有些，几个
quite a few 不少，相当多
a little 一点，一些
little by little 逐渐地，一点点地
quite a little 相当多，不少
no matter 无论
the moment (that) 一…(就)
no more 不再
fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待
rest room 厕所，盥洗室
primary school 小学
side by side 肩并肩地，一起
heart and soul 全心全意
step by step 逐步地
ahead of time 提前
all the time 一直，始终
once upon a time 从前
once in a while 偶尔
no wonder 难怪，并不奇怪
word for word 逐字地
decline with thanks 婉言谢绝
篇3：四级真题评析
一、听力
本次大学英语四级听力部分分为两个部分：短对话和篇章听力。两部分总的难度走平和路线，较之去年，短对话部分难度没有提升，没有生僻单词的出现，它的难点基本在于语义的理解方面。
例如以下三题都是考察but这个转折词出现后，句子意思的理解问题：
1. m: i think the hostess really went out of her way to make the party a success.
w: yes. the food and drinks were great, but if only we had known a few of the other guests.
q: what did the two speakers say about the party?
这道题目的考点在于“but if only we had known a few of the other guests.” but 表示转折，暗示后面的内容与前面陈述内容相反，即，晚宴不太好的地方是对其他客人不熟悉。
3． m: how do you like the new physician who replaced doctor andrews？
w: he may not seem as agreeable or as thorough as doctor andrews, but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours
q: what can we infer from the woman’s answer?
“but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours，”又是一个语义转折的考点。从女士的回答可以看出，她认为doctor andrews比新来的医生要更适合这份工作，但是他常常让病人等很长时间。
5． w: do you have the seminar schedule with you? i’d like to find out the topic for friday.
m: i gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.
q: what does the man promise to do?
“but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.”虽然男生已经把他的给了朋友，但是图书馆里还有，他可以帮女生带一本。
第7题是考查对比理解。
7．w: here is this week’s schedule, tony. on monday there is the board meeting. your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon. then on wednesday you have the appointment with your lawyer. and…
m: wait! you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?
q: what will the man do this tuesday?
女生说“your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon”男生惊讶于“wait!you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?”即原来安排的是商务会谈，现在取消了。在听这道题目时，考生一定要注意wait 这个词，表示事实情况与原来的安排可能出现了差异，不能仅凭时间状语进行判断。
而篇章听力理解部分有一定的难度。三篇文章，第一篇主要介绍“kudzu”（野葛）这种植物，它来自哪里，对于人类有哪些利弊等等。
第二篇主要介绍“university”这个单词的来源，以及英国国内著名大学的发展历程。
第三篇主要介绍“heifer international”这个国际组织的由来，它给世界人民尤其是发展中国家人民的生活带来了哪些改变或者益处。
三篇文章的难点在于专业术语比较多，例如：“kudzu”，“universitas”，“heifer international”等等，但是文章对于这些术语都有详细的解释，在解释说明时，并没有什么疑难单词出现，语法也不是很复杂。所以，考生在进行听力测试时，遇到生僻的单词千万不要紧张，只要镇定自若地听完全文，在听的过程中，适当做一下笔记，回答后面的问题，并不困难。
二、阅读
第一篇为说明文。同学们在阅读开头部分，很有可能将文章定位为议论文，但读到第三段会发觉文章主要介绍如何更成功的在国外找到工作。第一、二段作者分别阐述了公司招聘国外员工及人才寻求国外工作机会的原因，而第21、22题正考了这两个原因。第23、24、25题都为事实细节题，可在第三段及作者所列三点写简历注意事项中找到
第二篇为议论文，文章的观点是对发展中国家来说，对女性教育比起其它投资形式可带来更大的回报。考题26、29、30都是考查考生对文章主旨的把握的，可见考生是否理解的此文的主旨是得分的关键。第27、28题分别考查考生对第二、第三段文字的理解。同学们一般比较擅长做细节题，直接在文中找答案，遇到推断总结性的题目就会暴露阅读理解上的薄弱，因此在此份考卷的阅读题中，此篇的五道题同学们比较容易失分。
第三篇为说明文，介绍了最新的汽车防窃技术。五道题中除了第32题，其它都是事实细节题，可在原文中找到确切答案，只要同学们的词汇掌握不太差，做题时不过于慌张，应该可以较顺利的拿下此四题。而第32题也不难，通过对第三、第四段的理解也可得出正确答案。
第四篇介绍了老龄父母的情况，他们的年龄给培育子女所带来的优势和劣势。此篇题目的题型也以推断题为主，属于稍有难度的一篇。第36题可用排除法。第37题考查考生对原文句子的理解，且在文中有明显提示——“end up retiring much later”。第38、39和40题都是考察原文中的举例和引用语所说明的问题。考生们可借助例子前后作者的评述得出正确答案。
三、词汇
6月17日的四级考试，可以说是四级考试最后一次单独考查词汇（下一次考试基本不会再用旧的考试题型），与我们预期的类似，词汇部分的难度比往次考试有所增加。
1、词组考查：
1). 难度中等――53题的pick up (the habit of smoking)、56题的hold on to (their comfortable home)
2). 难度较高――62题的laid off (下岗、解雇)。如果学生平时能够有所积累，对我们中国常用的“下岗”（lay-off）一词有所了解，解开这道题倒也不难。
2、词汇考查：
1). 词汇的固定搭配出现较多，对学生的语感提出了挑战，例如：
a. 51题的(death) penalty
b. 52题的distinguish (from…)
c. 54题的(leave a good) impression (on…)
d. 57题的tackle (the problem)
e. 58题的state (of your mind)
f. 65题的(are …) burdened (with … debt)
g. 67题的apply (them to …)
2). 从上下文结构判断的题，对学生迅速判断考点、理解词义差别也提出了较高的要求，例如：
a. 55题从搭配来说，4个选项皆可，但从上文的opportunity for students and faculty，对应下文的research activities，中间只能用participate，与activities一起表示“参加……活动”。――较难
b. 59题考查的是一个表程度的形容词，从no ____ relationship between “a and b”的结构可以看出，这里只能用significant表示关系的重要性。――较难
c. 60题考查的是词汇的用法辨析及空格词与上文考点词spending（花费）的联系，“花费上升”在四个选项中只有soared可以表示此义。――难度中等
d. 61题与上文cancer（癌症）对应，只能用(doesn’t produce) symptoms（症状）。――难度中等
e. 63题只能从上文的physical differences between men and women与下文的our basic roles as hunters and child-bearers找语义联系，“男女间的身体差异”和“我们的角色”原本不需用trace一词来表示，一般我们用be reflected这类即可，但这里出现的basic, hunters and child-bearers表示的是“我们远古时代的角色”，因此be traced to…或be traced back to都是比较贴切的。――难度
f. 64题a much greater ______ of its brain，由上文的a much greater可以排除percent（可数名词），同时composition, compound都不可以用比较级来修饰，也可排除――较难
g. 66题的上文first meal of the day（早餐）对应的应该是(classroom) performance（表现）。――较易
h. 68题从下文的only to the very rich（只有非常富有的人）可以发现只有affordable（承受）比较贴切。――较易
i. 69题从上文的being out of work可以知道jane失去了经济来源，因此下文的(can no longer) treat (friends to dinners …)就顺理成章了。――较易
j. 70题从下文的young athletes的努力程度来看，只有inspired（受……的激励）符合。――较易
四、完型
本文主要讨论室内环保问题，包括从城市规划和建设到室内的装潢和布置。
本次考试的题目总体而言比往年稍显容易，主要是测试考生对词汇的搭配和固定用法以及上下文联系理解的能力。
71题为送分题，该空所在句子谓语动词的过去时态是线索，所以选ago。
72空that为关键词，其后的句子为同位语从句，且整句话表达了观点，所以选idea。
73空前的将来时为线索，所以选come，to come为常用搭配。
74空根据上下文知道文章讨论的是室内环保问题，所以选indoor。
75空的主语是sth，所以可以排除b), c)和d)，因为它们的主语一般都是sb。
76空后的molecules是线索，与material相比更为微小，所以选down。
77空由上下文可知，文章讨论的是环境污染对人类和地球的破坏，属安全性问题，所以选safe。
78空后的amount是线索，表数量，所以选reduced。
79空后的quality是关键词，说明前面这空需要能表达对空气、水和土壤质量的破坏，所以选destroy。
80空后的not simply提示前后为转折关系，所以选however。
81空由前文的less bad推知，后面的材料应该是完全有益健康的，所以选completely。
82空为送分题，因为前面有either，所以答案为or。
83空为固定短语，as a matter of fact表示in fact。
84空前has already一次说明后面的动作肯定已经结束，所以researched不对。sketched意思完全不符。constructed搭配不对，后面一般不解产品。所以答案为developed，表示“开发”。
85空为语境题，通过后文的current暗示，前面需要的词应表达之前发生的动作，所以选start，start out与start同意，表示“一开始”。
86空由句首的but和句末的whether we like it or not得知，此后果无法选择，所以答案为inevitably。
87空前的reduce the damage与后文的a positive approach形成对比关系，所以选instead。
88空由approach得知，所以选adopt，表示“采纳，采用”。
89空由前文的healthful可知，effect应该是积极的，所以选beneficial。
90空为词汇搭配题。full, total和complete都主要表量，所以选entire，表整个城市。
五、写作
这篇作文并不是很难。
首先，本篇文章的基本框架肯定是三段式：概诉、具体内容、附加内容和口号，所以大部分的学生在框架上肯定不会失分。
其次，本篇文章的可发挥性很强，所以大家尽可以拣自己最熟悉的活动去写。如果是为了得到高分，可以考虑是否写一些与众不同的活动，例如：去西部支教、参加奥运筹备活动、出国做自愿者等活动。
最后，从文章内容上来讲，希望尽量条理清晰，但大家尽量不要写成流水帐之类的东西，这是这种文章写作的最大陷阱！口号的写作尤其重要，因为这些东西会给教师留下较深刻的印象，但是切勿无病呻吟。
综合起来说，这篇文章选题中规中矩，不应该成为广大考生此次考试的拦路虎。
an announcement for a voluntary program
ladies and gentlemen, our students’ union is calling for your due attention for a voluntary program to be launched in this imminent summer vacation and we are looking forward to your keen concern and active participation in earnest.
this program is designed to offer the young kids from a certain poverty-stricken area of yun nan province an opportunity of free education, which means a two-month stay there. we are convinced it is bound to help us university students to put our learning to full play, to foster a meaningful conception of life of being more caring and tolerant and to assume new tasks and responsibilities after graduation.
dear fellow students, we are beneficiaries of a rare privilege of formal education, meanwhile, there are many people, as innately talented as us, have been deprived of this equal chance, therefore, we hope sophomores and juniors, if interested and willing to help, in this university to contact us at abc@cde.com or by 021-12345678.
篇4：四级真题
英语四级考试真题及答案
art I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
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Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面
Section A News Report
Directions： In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.
B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.
C) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.
D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.
2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.
B) It found its way back to the park's zoo.
C) It became a great attraction for tourists.
D) It was sent to the animal control department.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) It is the largest of its kind.
B) It is going to be expanded.
C) It is displaying more fossil specimens.
D) It is staring an online exhibition.
4. A) A collection of bird fossils from Australia.
B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.
C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.
D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Pick up trash.
B) Amuse visitors.
C) Deliver messages.
D) Play with children.
6. A) They are especially intelligent.
B) They are children's favorite.
C) They are quite easy to tame.
D) They are clean and pretty.
7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.
B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.
C) Children may contract bird diseases.
D) Children may overfeed the rooks.
Section B Conversation
Directions： In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University.
B) It will be hosted by famous professors.
C) It will cover different areas of science.
D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.
9. A)It will be more futuristic.
B) It will be more systematic.
C) It will be more entertaining.
D) It will be easier to understand.
10. A) People interested in science.
B) Youngsters eager to explore.
C) Children in their early teens.
D) Students majoring in science.
11. A) Offer professional advice.
B) Provide financial support.
C) Help promote it on the Internet.
D) Make episodes for its first season.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Unsure.
B) Helpless.
C) Concerned.
D) Dissatisfied.
13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect.
B) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.
C) He is too ambitious in achieving goals.
D) He takes on projects beyond his ability.
14. A) Embarrassed.
B) Unconcerned.
C) Miserable.
D) Resentful.
15. A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens.
B) Compare his present with his past only.
C) Always learn from others' achievements.
D) Treat others the way he would be treated.
Section C Passage
Directions： In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.
B) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.
C) They are more likely to become engineers.
D) They have greater potential to be leaders.
17. A) Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.
B) Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.
c) Insist that boys and girls work together more.
D) Respond more positively to boys' comments.
18. A) Offer personalized teaching materials.
B) Provide a variety of optional courses.
C) Place great emphasis on test scores.
D) Pay extra attention to top students.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) It often rains cats and dogs.
B) It seldom rains in summer time.
C) It does not rain as much as people think.
D) It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.
20. A) They drive most of the time.
B) The rain is usually very light.
C) They have got used to the rain.
D) The rain comes mostly at night.
21. A) It has a lot of places for entertainment.
B) It has never seen thunder and lighting.
C) It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.
D) It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.
B) It results from exerting one's muscles continuously.
C) It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.
D) It comes from staining one's muscles in an unusual way.
23. A) Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.
B) Body movements in the affected area become difficult.
C) They begin to make repairs immediately.
D) They gradually become fragmented.
24. A) About one week.
B) About two days.
C) About ten days.
D) About four weeks.
25. A) Apply muscle creams.
B) Drink plenty of water.
C) Have a hot shower.
D) Take pain-killers.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or __26__ the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is __27__ , and the label says “pure water”. But maybe what's inside is not so __28__ . Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world __29__ microplastics?
That's the conclusion of a recently __30__ study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, __31__ an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a __32__ commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and __33__ containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.
Confronted with this __34__ , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the __35__ health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.
A) adequate
B) admiring
C) contains
D) defending
E) evidence
F) instant
G) liquid
H) modified
I) natural
J) potential
K) released
L) revealing
M) sealed
N) solves
O) substance
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Make Stuff, Fail, And Learn While You're At It
A) We've always been a hands-on, do it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.
B) Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.
C) The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members-including guys named Jobs and Wozniak-started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.
D) So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.
E) These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you, re learning to do.
F) Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American context, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.
G) Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown in popularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making. Although there is a connection, there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project- based learning.
H) I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head—or you just borrow it from someone—and begin to develop it, repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others. I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person, their ideas, and their interactions with the world.
I) In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize （使变得无足轻重） making. The thing that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the; textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the straws, the cardboard tubes.
J) Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car.
K) Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment, where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.
L) The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes, to people, it sounds like this is a diminished role for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're creating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? Are they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling （受挫）？ Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help them be aware of where they are?
M) My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enables us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable; it's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems-problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.
N) If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit t together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, “This is science, over here is history,” I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?
O) I feel like this is a shift away from a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn but how they learn.
36.A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests.
37.The teachers, role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process.
38.Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept of making.
39.Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.
40.America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself.
41.Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge.
42.Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves.
43.The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum.
44.The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.
45.Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.
Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students' questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn't know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn't tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn't inform them about Jill's true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.
The goal of Professor Goel's virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.
46. What do we lear about Knowledge-Based Arificial Itelligence?
A) It is a robot that can answer students' questions.
B) It is a course designed for students to leamn online.
C) It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.
D) It is a computer program that aids student leaming.
47. What problem did Professor Goel meet with?
A) His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.
B) His course was too difficult for the students.
C) Students' questions were too many to handle.
D) Too many students dropped out of his course.
48. What do we lear about Jill Watson?
A) She turned out to be a great sucess.
B) She got along pretty well with students.
C) She was unwelcome to students at first.
D) She was released online as an experiment.
49. How did the students feel about Jill Watson?
A) They thought she was a bit too artificial.
B) They found her not as capable as expected.
C) They could not but admire her knowledge.
D) They could not tell her from a real person.
50. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson?
A) Launch different versions of her online.
B) Feed her with new questions and answers.
C) Assign her to answer more of students' questions.
D) Encourage students to interact with her more freely.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Thinking small, being engaging, and having a sense of humor don't hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network and some promotional skills may be more crucial.
Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more than twice their goals, but others have fallen short of reaching even modest targets.
To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Sch?fer of the University of Zurich examined the content of the webpages for 371 recent campaigns.
Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platforms such as Experiment.com and Petridish.org only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors, since projects that answered questions from interested donors fared better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4,000 on average, with 30% receiving less than $1,000. The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.
Other factors may also significantly influence a project's success, most notably, the size of a scientist's personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on their own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researchers' efforts to reach the public, and people give because “they feel a connection to the person” who is doing the fundraising—not necessarily to the science.
51. What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projects?
A) They did not raise much due to modest targets.
B) They made use of mixed fundraising strategies.
C) Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals.
D) Most of them put movies online for the purpose.
52. What is the purpose of Mike Schafer' s research of recent crowdfunding campaigns?
A) To create atractive content for science websites.
B) To identify reasons for their different outcomes.
C) To help scientists to launch innovative projects.
D) To separate science projects from general ones.
53. What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfiunding campaign?
A) The potential benefit to future generations.
B) Its interaction with prospective donors.
C) Its originality in addressing financial issues.
D) The value of the proposed project.
54. What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projects?
A) They should be small to be sucessful.
B) They should be based on actual needs.
C) They should be assed with great care.
D) They should be ambitious to gain notice.
55. What motivates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaign?
A) The ease of access to the content of the webpage.
B) Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.
C) The significance and influence of the project itself.
D) Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好教育。他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参与国际交流项目，以拓宽其视野。通过这些努力，他们期望孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣作出贡献。
Part Ⅰ Writing
Hi Mark,
I'm so glad that you have made up your mind to teach English in China. Before you make a decision about your precise destination, let me introduce my hometown, Chongqing.
Located in southwest China, Chongqing may not enjoy worldwide fame as much as Beijing or Shanghai, but it is a thriving metropolis with lower cost of living. Working and living here, you can achieve your career goals without feeling too much stress. The locals are known for being warm and hospitable, and you can teach in a way that feels good for you. To be sure, teaching a foreign language in a city where residents speak a dialect all the time can be very challenging. It takes time indeed to correct pronunciation mistakes each student makes. But since you are always praised for your kindness and patience, it should hardly be an obstacle for you.
Anyway, I will support and help you as much as possible, whichever city you go to. I believe living and teaching in China will be a pleasant and memorable experience for you.
Best wishes,
Li Ming
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1. D
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. A
19. C
20. B
21. D
22. D
23. A
24. B
25. C
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35：BMICK LOGEJ
36-45：EICGK FBJDH
46-55：BCADC CBBAD
Part IV Translation
Chinese families attach great importance to their children's education. Many parents hold that they should work hard to ensure their children's access to good education. Not only are they perfectly willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend much time urging them to study. Most parents expect their children to get admitted to elite universities. Owing to China s reform and opening-up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange programs to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children grow up strong and healthy and make a contribution to the nation's development and prosperity.
篇5：英语四级作文真题
12月真题
Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Spring Festival Gala. You should write at least 120 words following the outline liven below:
1.许多人喜欢在除夕观看春节晚会
2.有些人提出取消春节晚会
3.我的看法
Spring Festival Gala on CCTV
As regards the Spring Festival Gala there has been a heated discussion among the general in public in our society. People who believe in-its necessity argue that the Spring Festival Gala performed on CCTV on New Year's Eve presenting grand sight and sound has already been considered as an indispensable custom by many Chinese people.
By contrast，others hold that the 4-hour show is gradually losing its appeal and should he cancelled. The past two decades has witnessed a steady decrease in the number of people watching the Spring Festival Gala from 943 , 500 , 000 to 728 , 500 , 000.With the roaring development of economy，various mass media come out like bamboo shoots after spring rain，making it increasingly difficult to cater to all tastes.
As far as I am concerned，I prefer the program to stay. Served as an occasion for families to get together, the Spring Festival Gala is a tradition and treasure of the Chinese people.(153词)
“一句话”点评
毫无疑问，第二段中的两个数据将首先吸引阅卷老师的眼球，同时该句还使用了decade , witness , steady等亮点词和watching分词短语做后置定语，这将给阅卷老师留下良好的第一印象。应该注意的是:比较对照型的第一段往往已经有了一个比较长的模板句，所以建议将“一句话”放在第二段。
快捷构思
从本范文三段之间的篇幅对比和画线部分模板词句来看，比较对照型的整篇构思清晰明了。而且，除第一段第一句为模板句引人话题外，其他段落首句皆为段落中心句(即题目所给提纲)，第一段第二句前半句紧跟其后的为段落中心，完全符合“黄金3原则”的谋篇原则。
第一段:在模板句引人话题后接着提出首段中心“有些人喜欢(认为有必要举行)春节晚会”，并用presenting grand sight and sound和be considered as an indispensable custom by many Chinese people两个原因来支持段落中心。
第二段:开门见山展现段落中心“也有些人提出要取消春节晚会”。而后“一句话”数例为具体现象展示，说明越来越多的人不喜欢了。最后呈现人们不喜欢的原因:媒体暴增，晚会不能满足人们的各种[l味了。
第三段:直接展现自己的观点，并简要提出一个原因，不做更深层次的展开。
美丽词句
(1) presenting grand sight and sound展现美好的视听盛宴
(2)indispensable不可缺少的(优于necessary , important等表达)
(3)lose its appeal失去吸引力(如要表达“对……有吸引力”则用sth. appeal to sb.)
(4)come out like bamboo shoots after spring rain像雨后春笋般呈现出来
(5)increasingly逐渐地，越来越……(优于全国人民都习惯使用的more and more )
(6)cater to all tastes满足各种日味
篇6：英语四级作文真题
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to makes something happen” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being creative rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words, no more than 180 words.
Example：
While we often hear some people say that they have great plans and fantastic dreams, they seldom put their plans into reality. These people are the talker not the actor. However, it is the actor not the talker who can achieve the goal.
Rome was not built in one day. We should realize our dream step by step. Although one day’s improvement is little, it can finally become tremendous, so we should not look down upon the trival things. Take study for example, those who stand out in the class are often not the smart ones who ignore everyday actions but the ones who are deligent and devide their dreams into everyday’s action.
Therefore, go out there to see what happens, and go out there to make something happen. Only when you go out to act everyday can you make your dreams come true.
篇7：英语四级作文真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of listening. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Example：
As we all known, talking and listening are commonly used in communication, but how can you talk without listening to others? Good conversation skills include much more than simply talking to others, listening is also a necessary quality of a successful person.
I firmly believe that listening is of greater significance than talking. For one thing, If you can not listen correctly, you can not talk properly. Just imagine a world where everyone keep talking but nobody listening, it's useless to say anything then. For another, if you want to make achievement in social settings, relationships and business, one way to ensure your success is to be a great listener.
Therefore, in order to enhance our conversation skills, here are a few simple rules we can follow to help us become a better listener, such as stopping talking endlessly, giving your full attention to the speaker and making an effort to shift the focus of the conversation to the other person. All in all, nothing can instead of listening!
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