1月四级真题讲解

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【导语】下面是小编收集整理的1月四级真题讲解（共9篇），供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

1月四级真题讲解

篇1：1月四级真题讲解

1月四级真题讲解

参考范文：

Create a Green Campus

“Green campus”, as a relatively new concept in a sense, means creating a green environment on campus. Campus is a place where most of the young people are educated for knowledge, technology and responsibility. College students are the most promising and competent young and future generation of economic construction. The very task of building a better, greener world lies with them. So “green campus”, either as a campaign or as an awareness, is of far-reaching significance.

“Green campus” in its most general sense, is the development of a green physical environment on campus, but its content can go far beyond that. It can refer to the education of the students about the importance of environmental protection. It can be the development of an awareness of the environmental problems and their solutions and the development of a responsibility for the green world on the part on the students. Finally, it can involve the notion of sustainable economic development and the building of a harmonious society.

Therefore, as college students, we should take an active part in “green campus” activities. We should take the initiative to arm ourselves with the knowledge about environment and its protection. We should try to communicate with our parents and neighbors about the importance of a green and harmonious community. And we should act immediately, and spare no efforts and waste no time, to conserve and preserve natural resources whenever and wherever possible.

Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)

Section A

这是一篇讨论父母双方谁对孩子的语言能力发展影响更大的说明文，短文通过研究人员的研究报告对该话题进行阐述。第一段引入话题、最后两段综述。中间5段按时间顺序记下叙述。

待选单词按词性分组列表如下：

名词

动词

形容词

副词

C）aspects方面,外貌,外观

B) analyzed分析,分解

G) established确定的,建立的,被制定的

A) already 已经

D) characters 个性,人物

E) contributing有助于,贡献

L) total全体的,总的,全然的

O) yet还,仍然

H) quality品质,特质

F) describing描述

M) unconscious失去知觉的.

J) recording录音,记录

G) established确立,创办

N) unsure不肯定的,不确定的

L) total总计, 全体

I) quoted引述,举证

J) recording记录,将(声音等)录下

K) recruited 招聘

项新的研究表明：在父母都工作的家庭，父亲对孩子语言能力发展的影响可能比母亲更大。

研究人员首先从11家儿童护理中心招募了其孩子未满一岁的92个家庭，通过面试以确定每家的收入、教育水平和孩子护理安排。总体而言，这92家是一个受良好教育的中等收入群体，父母合法结婚并住在一起。

当孩子两岁时，研究人员通过视频记录了孩子在家中和父母一起自由玩耍的片段，同时把所有的谈话录下来。

研究者测量了父母话语的总数、他们使用不同词汇的数目、句子的复杂程度以及话语的其他特征。

最后，研究人员采用标准化的语言测试分析了孩子到达三岁时的话语情况，测试分数高的预测内容仅限于母亲的受教育程度、孩子护理的质量以及父亲使用的词汇量。

篇2：1995年1月四级真题及答案

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A

1. (A) Go out to work. (C) Be calm and patient.

(B) Listen carefully to John. (D) Do the easiest thing.

2. (A) He doesn#39;t like to talk. (C) He is friendly.

(B) He is a very kind man. (D) He is not a pleasant person.

3. (A) The doctor won#39;t see her tomorrow. (C) The doctor is busy all day today.

(B) The doctor is busy tomorrow. (D) The doctor will see her today.

4. (A) Young people are too quick in making decisions. (C) Young people lose their jobs easily.

(B) Young people seldom stay long on the same job. (D) Young people are too eager to succeed.

5. (A) She felt it was tiring. (C) She thought it took less time.

(B) She felt it was very nice. (D) She thought it was expensive.

6. (A) They are having breakfast. (C) They are preparing a hot soup.

(B) They are eating some fruit. (D) They are drinking cold milk.

7. (A) The woman doesn#39;t want to spend Christmas with the man.

(B) The woman is going home for Christmas party.

(D) The woman is going to spend Christmas abroad.

8. (A) By car. (C) By place.

(B) By bus. (D) By train.

9. (A) It closes at four on weekdays. (C) It isn#39;t open on Sundays.

(B) He doesn#39;t know its business hours. (D) It is open till four on Sundays.

10. (A) Tennis shoes. (C) Nothing yet.

(B) Some clothes. (D) Music records.

Section B

Passage One

Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9. (A) In about 20 years. (C) In a couple of weeks.

(B) Within a week. (D) As early as possible.

12. (A) Yes, of course. (C) Not mentioned.

(B) Possibly not. (D) Definitely not.

13. (A) Her complaint was ignored. (C) The store apologized for their mistake.

(B) The store sent her the correct order. (D) The store picked up the wrong items.

Passage Two

Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14. (A) The prison gates always open. (C) The prison has no armed guards.

(B) Its prisoner can work outside. (D) The prison is open to the public.

15. (A) The prisoners are provided with jobs on release. (C) It is run on the principle of trusting prisoners.

(B) Its prisoners are seldom made to work overtime. (D) It has no security measures.

16. (A) One year. (C) Thirteen years.

(B) Two years. (D) Fourteen years.

17. (A) Doubtful. (C) Critical.

(B) Positive. (D) Indifferent.

Passage Three

Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

18. (A) It#39;s good for training one#39;s character but not good for one#39;s health.

(B) It cannot prepare pupils to be good citizens.

(D) It#39;s as important as after-class activities.

19. (A) Because pupils there have to spend most of the time studying.

(B) Because the school authorities insist on traditional ways of teaching.

(D) Because pupils there are too fond of playing.

20. (A) Practical work. (C) Teacher#39;s encouragement.

(B) Collective activities. (D) Book knowledge.

Part II Reading Comprehension ( 35 minutes)

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship. Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic (预言的) because a few have come true; they fail to notice the many that have not. Consider also the belief that “the phone always rings when I#39;m in the shower.” If it does ring while you are in the shower, the event will stand out and be remembered. If it doesn#39;t ring, that nonevent probably won#39;t even register （留下印象）.

People want to see order, pattern and meaning in the world. Consider, for example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths “happen in threes.” Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that counts as their “happening together” is one month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. Flexible end points reinforce such beliefs.

We also tend to believe what we want to believe. A majority of people think they are more intelligent, more fair-minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person. Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably is that we use criteria that work to our advantage. As economist Thomas Schelling explains, “Everybody ranks himself high in qualities

he values: careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and those who

are polite give weight to courtesy, ” This way everyone ranks high on his own scale.

Perhaps the most important mental habit we can learn is to be cautious (谨慎的) in drawing

conclusions. The “evidence ” of everyday life is sometimes misleading.

21. In the first paragraph the author states that ____ .

(A) dreams cannot be said to be prophetic even though a few have come true.

(B) dreams are prophetic because some of them did come true.

(D) dreams and reality are closely related.

22. By “things like ...” “happen in threes” (Para. 3, Line 2), the author indicates that people believe ____ .

(A) personal misfortunes tend to happen every now and then.

(B) personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths usually happen together.

(D) misfortunes will never occur more than three times to a person in his lifetime.

23. Ten word “courtesy” (Para. 4, line 6) probably means ____.

(A) good manners. (B) Appropriate speech.

24. What can be inferred from the passage? ____

(A) Happenings that go unnoticed deserve more attention.

(B) In a series of misfortunes the third one is usually the most serious.

(D) Believers of misfortunes happening in threes are cautious in interpreting events.

25. It can be concluded from the passage that ____ .

(A) there is some truth even in the wildest dreams.

(B) one should take notice of other people#39;s merits.

(D) we should not base our conclusions on accidental evidence.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent. Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is performed in Africa, we are inclined to think that Africans are musicians. The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators (旁观). Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music. We have records, television, concerts, and radio to fulfill many of our musical needs. In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa. Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute (长笛) and drum ensemble (歌舞团) is performing. “Anybody can take part”. This is true , but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music. Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble. It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound. Performances often take place in an open area (that is, not on a stage) and so the lines between the performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.

26. The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that _____.

(A) most of us are consumers while most of them are producers of music

(B) we are musical performers and they are semiprofessional musicians

(D) we are the audience and they are the additional performers.

27. The word “such” (Line 6) refers to the fact that ______.

(A) music is performed with the participation of the audience

(B) music is performed without the participation of the audience

(D) people have records, television sets and radio to fulfill their musical needs

28. The author of the passage implies that _____.

(A) all Africans are musical and therefore much music is performed in Africa

(B) not all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their lives

(D) most Africans perform as well as professional musicians

29. The word “nucleus” (Line 13) probably refers to _____.

(A) musicians famous in Africa

(B) musicians at the center of attention

(D) active participants in a musical performance

30. The best title for this passage would be ______.

(A) The Importance of Music to African People

(B) Differences Between African Music and Music of Other Countries

(D) A Characteristic Feature of African Musical Performances

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom. But Agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdom” and consider means of promoting it.

There are several factors that contribute to wisdom. Of these I should put first a sense of proportion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for example, that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine. The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed (let us say) as modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lowering the infant death-rate, not only in Europe and America, but also in Asia and Africa. This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowing the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations. To take an even more dramatic example, which is in everybody#39;s mind at the present time; you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested (无利害关系的) desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race.

Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments (增强)our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil, if our purpose are unwise.

31. Disagreement arises when people try to decide _____.

(A) how much more wisdom we have now than before

(B) what wisdom is and how to develop it

(D) whether wisdom can be developed or not

32. According to the author, “wisdom” is the ability to _____.

(A) carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research work

(B) give each important problem some careful consideration

(D) give suitable consideration to all the possible elements in a problem

33. Lowering the infant death-rate may _____.

(A) prove to be helpful everywhere in the world

(B) give rise to an increase in population in Europe

(D) raise the living standard of the people in Africa

34. The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point that _____.

(A) it#39;s extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in problem

(B) success in medical research has its negative effects

(D) it#39;s unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine

35. What is the main idea of the passage? _____

(A) It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a powerful mad man.

(B) The more knowledge one has, the wiser one becomes.

(D) Wisdom increases in proportion to one#39;s age.

Passage Four

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there in Fleet Street, home of some London#39;s biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent overmanning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.

A reporter who has visited plants throughout Europe has an impression that the pace of work is much slower here. Nobody tries too hard. Tea breaks do matter and are frequent. It is hard to measure intensity of work, but Britons give a distinct impression of going at their tasks in a more leisurely way.

But is all this so terrible? It certainly does not improve the gross national product or output per worker. Those observant visitors, however, have noticed something else about Britain. It is a pleasant place.

Street crowds in Stockholm. Paris and New York move quickly and silently heads down, all in a hurry. London crowds tend to walk at an easy pace ( except in the profitable, efficient City, the financial district).

Every stranger is struck by the patient and orderly way in which Britons queue for a bus: if the saleswoman is slow and out of stock she will likely say, #39;oh dear, what a pity#39;; the rubbish collectors stop to chat (聊天) and call the housewives “Luv”. Crime rises here as in every city but there still remains a gentle tone and temper that is unmatched in Berlin, Milan or Detroit.

In short, what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right. Having reached a tolerable standard, Britons appear to be choosing leisure over goods.

36. What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?

(A) Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.

(B) More people will be employed than necessary.

(D) The unions will try to increase productivity.

37. What does the reporter who has visited plants throughout Europe think about Britain? _____

(A) Tea breaks do not affect the intensity of work in Britain.

(B) Britons do their work in an unhurried sort of way.

(D) Britons give the impression of working intensively.

38. “The breaks matter” (Para. 2, Line 2) indicates that _____.

(A) they are an important aspect of the British way of life

(B) they are greatly enjoyed by British workers

(D) they help the workers to be on good terms with each other

39. The word “this” (Para. 3, Line 1) the author means to say that _____.

(A) there are more men on any given job than are needed

(B) 33 per cent overmanning leads to 33 per cent less productivity

(D) Britons generally do not want to work too hard

40. By “what is wrong with Britain may also be what is right” (Para. 6, Line 1) the author means to say that _____.

(A) quarrels between unions will help create jobs

(B) a leisurely way of life helps Britons increase productivity

(D) Britons will not sacrifice their leisure to further increase productivity

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

41. The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _____.

(A) are producing (B) are produced (C) produced (D) being produced

42. I could not persuade him to accept it, _____ make him see the important of it.

(A) if only I could not (B) no more than I could (C) or I could not (D) nor could I

43. Because of the _____ emphasis placed on classroom work, the instructor will report your absences to the adviser.

(A) large (B) strong (C) hard (D) high

44. Homework _____ on time will lead to better grades.

(A) done (B) be done (C) having done (D) to have been done

45. The speech _____ a lively discussion started.

(A) being delivered (B) was delivered (C) be delivered (D) having been delivered

46. I have had great deal of trouble _____ the rest of the class.

(A) coming up against (B) making up for (C) keeping up with (D) living up to

47. _____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.

(A) Not being (B) Had it not been (C) Without being (D) Not having been

48. _____ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master#39;s degree.

(A) To become (B) Become (C) One become (D) On becoming

49. The little man was _____ more than one metre fifty tall.

(A) nearly (B) quite (C) hardly (D) almost

50. Certain programs work better for some _____ for others.

(A) and (B) than (C) as (D) but

51. Some plants are so sensitive _____ pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment.

(A) from (B) against (C) to (D) with

52. It does not alter the fact that he was the man _____ for the death of the little girl.

(A) accounting (B) guilty (C) responsible (D) obliged

53. Medical care reform has become this country#39;s most important public health _____.

(A) question (B) stuff (C) matter (D) issue

54. Not that John doesn#39;t want to help you, _____ it#39;s beyond his power.

(A) but that (B) for that (C) and that (D) in that

55. It is not unusual for workers in that region _____.

(A) to be paid more than a month late (C) to pay later than a month more

(B) to be paid later than more a month (D) to pay late more than a month

56. I used to smoke ____ but I gave it up three years ago.

(A) seriously (B) heavily (C) badly (D) severely

57. The doctor told Penny that too much _____ to the sun is bad for the skin.

(A) exposure (B) extension (C) exhibition (D) expansion

58. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when _____.

(A) scolding (B) to scold (C) having scolded (D) scolded

59. He decided to make further improvements on the computer#39;s design _____ the light of the requirements of customers.

(A) on (B) for (C) in (D) with

60. If you don#39;t like to swim, you _____ stay at home.

(A) should as well (B) may as well (C) can as well (D) would as well

61. To be frank, I#39;d rather you _____ in the case.

(A) will not be involved (B) not involved (C) not to be involved (D) were not involved

62. If you suspect that the illness might be serious you should not _____ going to the doctor.

(A) put off (B) hold back (C) put aside (D) hold up

63. If you want to know the train schedule, please _____ at the booking office.

(A) acquire (B) inquire (C) request (D) require

64. He thought that _____.

(A) the effort doing the job was not worth (C) it was not worth the effort doing the job

(B) the effort was not worth in doing the job (D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job

65. The coming of the railways in the 1830s _____ our society and economic life.

(A) transformed (B) transported (C) transferred (D) transmitted

66. I have no objection _____ the evening with them.

(A) to spend (B) to spending (C) of spending (D) spending

67. Realizing that he hadn#39;t enough money and _____ to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his watch.

(A) not wanted (B) not to want (C) not wanting (D) wanting not

68. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should _____ his findings in logical order and clear language.

(A) furnish (B) propose (C) raise (D) present

69. _____ they reached the centre of the city, they stopped the car at a bar.

(A) Before a mile or so when (C) Further than a mile or so

(B) For a mile or so after (D) A mile or so before

70. They are teachers and don#39;t realize _____ to start and run a company.

(A) what it takes (B) what takes it (C) what they take (D) what takes them

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)

Did you ever have someone#39;s name on the tip of your tongue and yet you were unable to recall it? 71 this happens again, do not 72 to recall it. Do something 73 for a couple of minutes. 74 the name may come into your head. The name is there, since you have met 75 person and learned his name. It 76 has to be dug out. The initial effort to recall 77 the mind for operation, but it is the subconscious (下意识的) 78 that go to work to dig up a 79 memory. Forcing yourself to recall 80 never helps because it doesn#39;t 81 your memory; it only tightens it. Students find the preparatory method helpful 82 examinations. They read over the questions 83 trying to answer any of them. 84 they answer first the ones 85 which they are most confident. Meanwhile, deeper mental activities in the subconscious mind are taking 86 ; work is being done on the 87 difficult question. By the time the easier questions are answered, answers 88 the more difficult ones will usually begin to 89 into consciousness. It is often 90 a question of waiting for recall to come to the memory.

71. (A) As (B) When (C) While (D) Whether

72. (A) try (B) want (C) hesitate (D) wait

73. (A) simple (B) apart (C) else (D) similar

74. (A) unless (B) and (C) or (D) until

75. (A) some (B) certain (C) a (D) this

76. (A) then (B) really (C) only (D) indeed

77. (A) leads (B) begins (C) helps (D) prepares

78. (A) deeds (B) activities (C) movements (D) procedures

79. (A) light (B) fresh (C) dim (D) dark

80. (A) merely (B) almost (C) barely (D) hardly

81. (A) loosen (B) weaken (C) decrease (D) reduce

82. (A) into (B) in (C) about (D) by

83. (A) after (B) besides (C) before (D) against

84. (A) Thus (B) But (C) Therefore (D) Then

85. (A) of (B) with (C) for (D) in

86. (A) place (B) shape (C) charge (D) action

87. (A) too (B) less (C) not (D) more

88. (A) to (B) of (C) about (D) for

89. (A) appear (B) grow (C) extend (D) come

90. (A) nearly (B) likely (C) just (D) even

Part V Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Can Money Buy Happiness? You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1. 有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）

2. 也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）

3. 我的看法

Remember to write your composition neatly.

95.1

Part I 1――20题

1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. C

11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B

Part II――Part IV 21――90题

21. A 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. D

31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. A 40. D

41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. B

51. C 52. C 53. C 54. A 55. A 56. B 57. A 58. D 59. C 60. B

61. D 62. A 63. B 64. C 65. A 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. D 70. A

71. B 72. A 73. C 74. B 75. D 76. C 77. D 78. B 79. C 80. B

81. A 82. B 83. C 84. D 85. A 86. A 87. D 88. A 89. D 90. C

篇3：1994年1月四级真题及答案

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A

1. (A) Once a week. (C) Three times a week.

(B) Twice a week. (D) Four times a week.

2. (A) He left his notes at home.

(A) He doesn#39;t know where his notes are.

(B) He doesn#39;t want to lend his notes to the woman.

3. (A) He will go in spite of the cold weather. (C) He will go when he feels better.

(B) He won#39;t go since he is not feeling well. (D) He won#39;t go as he hasn#39;t finished his work.

4. (A) Check the timetable. (C) Travel on a later train.

(B) Go to the railway station earlier. (D) Cancel the trip earlier.

5. (A) In New York. (C) In Newport.

(B) In Boston. (D) In Washington.

6. (A) A clerk at the airport information desk. (C) A policeman.

(B) A clerk at the railway station information desk. (D) A taxi-driver.

7. (A) A guest and a receptionist. (C) A customer and a shop assistant.

(B) A passenger and an air hostess. (D) A guest and a waitress.

8. (A) He#39;s better. (C) He#39;s sick in bed.

(B) He#39;s feeling worse. (D) He has recovered.

9. (A) The man didn#39;t want the woman to have her hair cut.

(B) The woman followed the man#39;s advice.

(D) The man didn#39;t care if the woman had her hair cut or not.

10. (A) He will return from Paris in two weeks.

(A) He is studying French in Paris.

(B) He is having a vacation in Paris.

Section B

Passage One

Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11. (A) Washing plates. (C) Shining shoes.

(B) Clearing tables. (D) sweeping the floor.

12. (A) He must work six days a week. (C) He must study hard in his spare time.

(B) He should never be late for work. (D) He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.

13. (A) To pay him for his work. (C) To give his friends free drinks.

(B) To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant. (D) To allow him to have more free time.

12. (A) Because the boy was not a full-time worker.

(B) Because the boy had made some mistakes.

(D) Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.

Passage Two

Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

15. (A) Watching traditional plays. (C) Boating on the river.

(B) Visiting the magnificent libraries. (D) Cycling in narrow streets.

16. (A) There are many visitors there. (C) There are many old streets there.

(B) There are many students there. (D) There are many bicycles there.

17. (A) He thinks the city is too crowded. (C) He thinks the streets are too narrow.

(B) He likes the place very much. (D) He admires the comfortable life of the students there.

Passage Three

Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

18. (A) He was good at writing about interesting people.

(B) It was much easier to write stories about people.

(D) He thought people played an important role in world events.

19. (A) Action. (C) Enterprise.

(B) World News. (D) Faces and places.

20. (A) He is a sportsman. (C) He is a photographer.

(B) He is an actor. (D) He is a publisher.

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Suppose we built a robot (机器人) to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.

According to the evolutionary (进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny (否认) that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.

The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.

21. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ______.

(A) the differences between robots and men (C) about the need for robots to save power

(B) the reason why men need to sleep (D) about the danger of men working at night

22. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.

(A) maintain a regular pattern of life (C) avoid danger and inefficient labor

(B) prevent trouble that comes looking for him (D) restore his bodily functions

23.According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.

(A) are worrying about our safety (C) are in a tent

(B) are overworked (D) are away from home

24.Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.

(A) need more time for restoration

(B) are unlikely to be attackers

(D) spend less time eating to get enough energy

25.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ______.

(A) Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.

(B) The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.

(D) The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

“ Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it#39;s a girl.”

Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy (怀孕) was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.

Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this resocialization process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.

It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father#39;s role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother#39;s role. The mother#39;s role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine (生活规律) and highly innovative (创新的) adaptation, on the other hand, the father#39;s role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.

26. According to the author, being a father _____.

(A) brings a feeling of excitement to some men

(B) has a different meaning for those who have daughters

(D) means nothing but more responsibilities

27. It is stated in the passage that _____.

(A) some parents are not prepared to have a child

(B) young couples do not like children at all

(D) many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child

28. In the second paragraph, the author ______.

(A) criticizes fathers for not taking enough responsibilities in bringing up their children

(B) excuses the American writers for ignoring the difficulties of being a father

(D) complains about the lack of social programs to help husbands adjust themselves to being a father

29. The transition to the mother#39;s role requires that the wife ______.

(A) change her life style in a highly innovative way

(B) make a complete change in her everyday life to deal with the new situation

(D) help her husband in his resocialization process

30. Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared with mothers, _____.

(A) have to shoulder more burdens (C) have an easier job to do

(B) have to make more difficult adaptations (D) can usually do a better job

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts further questions, and so on.

For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.

Different people converse with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page; others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is written in the text. The latter represents higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.

There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as opposed to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies (策略) we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation. It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.

31. Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when _____.

(A) the reader#39;s expectations agree with what is said in the text

(B) the reader has trouble understanding what the author says

(D) the reader understands a text very well

32. At a lower level of comprehension, readers tend to _____.

(A) read a text slowly (C) interpret a text in their own way

(B) read without thinking hard (D) concentrate on the meaning of words only

33. A “process” conversation has to do with ______.

(A) the application of reading strategies

(B) matching our expectations with the meaning of a text

(D) determining the main idea of a text

34. According to the passage, it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between ______.

(A) conscious and unconscious levels of comprehension

(B) the reader#39;s expectations and the meaning of a text

(D) interpreting and criticizing a text

35. If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level, we should ______.

(A) learn to use different approaches in reading different texts

(B) make our reading process more conscious

(D) take a critical attitude towards the author#39;s idea

Passage Four

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

Although April did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the Central Valley doesn#39;t generally experience the atmospheric sound and lightning that can accompany those rains, it#39;s still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.

The reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. For example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? Our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when it#39;s actually the other way around. But then, if we believed only what we think we see, we#39;d still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.

Most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two cloud or between earth and a cloud. But, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, there#39;s enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.

Parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. When children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark.

36. According to the author, in the area of the Central Valley, ______.

(A) rains usually come without thunder and lightning

(B) it is usually dry in April

(D) parents are not interested in thunder and lightning

37. We believe that lightning is a downward notion because ______.

(A) we were taught so by our parents from our childhood

(B) we are deceived by our sense of vision

(D) it is a truth proved by science

38. What is TRUE about lightning according to the passage?

(A) Only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth.

(B) Lightning travels 5 minutes faster than thunder.

(D) There are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we imagine.

39. The word “activity” (Para. 3, Line 3) is most closely related to the word(s) _____.

(A) “cloud” (C) “lightning flashes”

(B) “lightning strikes” (D) “thunderstorms”

40. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.

(A) we should not believe what we see or hear

(B) things moving downward are more noticeable

(D) adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

41. Before he left for his vacation he went to the bank to _____ some money.

(A) pull (B) pick (C) gain (D) draw

42. By the end of the year all but two people ______.

(A) have left (B) will leave (C) will be leaving (D) will have left

43. Frankfurt, Germany, is in one of the most _____ populated regions of Western Europe.

(A) densely (B) vastly (C) enormously (D) largely

44. Everyone had an application from in his hand, but no one knew which office room _____.

(A) to send it to (B) to send it (C) to be sent to (D) to have it sent

45. The police set a _____ to catch the thieves.

(A) plan (B) device (C) trap (D) trick

46. We _____ to start our own business, but we never had enough money.

(A) have hoped (B) hope (C) had hoped (D) should hope

47. We have to try every means to _____ the costs of the construction project.

(A) bring off (B) bring forth (C) bring down (D) bring back

48. The students were participating _____ an international energy-saving competition between towns in New England and Canada.

(A) for (B) in (C) to (D) at

49. When she was criticized, she claimed that it was outside her _____ of responsibility.

(A) field (B) limit (C) extent (D) range

50. While _____ the sun, the satellite has sent more than four billion bits of information back to earth.

(A) having orbited (B) being orbited (C) having been orbited (D) orbiting

51. Language is a city, to the building of _____ every human being brought a stone.

(A) which (B) that (C) it (D) this

52. _____ of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing.

(A) None (B) Either (C) Both (D) Neither

53. Government cannot operate effectively _____ it is free from such interference.

(A) so long as (B) so that (C) unless (D) because

54. We welcome rain, but a (an) _____ large amount of rainfall will cause floods.

(A) extensively (B) extremely (C) specially (D) constantly

55. Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him as _____ other musicians.

(A) superior to (B) more superior than (C) more superior to (D) superior than

56. I hope that you#39;ll be more careful in typing the letter. Don#39;t _____ anything.

(A) withdraw (B) omit (C) reduce (D) lead

57. We don#39;t need air conditioning, _____.

(A) nor can we afford it (C) neither can afford it

(B) and nor we can afford it (D) and we can neither afford it

58. She is a very _____ secretary: she never forgets anything or makes a mistake.

(A) anxious (B) effective (C) adequate (D) efficient

59. The Browns ______ here, but not any more.

(A) were used to living (B) had lived (C) used to live (D) had been living

60. I#39;ll accept any job _____ I don#39;t have to get up early.

(A) lest (B) as long as (C) in case (D) though

61. Once out of the earth#39;s gravity, the astronauts is _____ by the problem of weightlessness.

(A) affected (B) effected (C) inclined (D) related

62. Medical research has shown that the widespread of use of cigarettes contributes _____ the increase of cancers.

(A) towards (B) for (C) with (D) to

63. Could you find someone _____.

(A) for me to play tennis with (C) play tennis with

(B) for me to play tennis (D) playing tennis with

64. The computer has brought about surprising technological changes ______ we organize and produce information.

(A) in a way (B) in the way (C) in that way (D) in no way

65. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _____ after 11:00 p.m.

(A) not to play loud music (C) don#39;t play loud music

(B) shouldn#39;t play loud music (D) couldn#39;t play loud music

66. He is late again today. I#39;ll _____ that he will not be late tomorrow.

(A) be sure (B) hope for (C) felt (D) to be felt

67. In Australia the Asians make their influence ______ in businesses large and small.

(A) feeling (B) feel (C) felt (D) to be felt

68. This popular sports car is now being _____ at the rate of a thousand a week.

(A) turned down (B) turned out (C) turned up (D) turned on

69. In Britain people drive _____ the left.

(A) at (B) on (C) to (D) in

70. This programme will examine the writer#39;s books in detail, _____ an introduction to her life.

(A) following (B) having followed (C) being followed (D) to be followed

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)

As the place circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and 71 the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly 72 forward. At that moment, the air-hostess 73 . She looked very pale, but was quite 74 . Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper, she 75 everyone that the pilot had 76 and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines-- or at

77 how to drive a car. After a moment#39;s 78 , a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot#39;s cabin.

Moving the pilot 79 , the man took his seat and listened carefully to the 80 instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport 81 . The plane was now dangerously close 82 the ground, but to everyone#39;s 83 , it soon began to climb. The man had to 84 the airport several times in order to become 85 with the controls of the plane. 86 the danger had not yet passed. The terrible 87 came when he had to land. Following 88 , the man guided the plane to ward the airfield. It shook violently 89 it touched the ground and then moved rapidly 90 the runway and after a long run it stopped safely.

71. (A) although (B) while (C) therefore (D) then

72. (A) shifted (B) thrown (C) put (D) moved

73. (A) showed (B) presented (C) exposed (D) appeared

74. (A) well (B) still (C) calm (D) quiet

75. (A) inquired (B) insured (C) informed (D) instructed

76. (A) fallen (B) failed (C) faded (D) fainted

77. (A) best (B) least (C) length (D) first

78. (A) hesitation (B) surprise (C) doubt (D) delay

79. (A) back (B) aside (C) about (D) off

80. (A) patient (B) anxious (C) urgent (D) nervous

81. (A) beneath (B) under (C) down (D) below

82. (A) to (B) by (C) near (D) on

83. (A) horror (B) trust (C) pleasure (D) relief

84. (A) surround (B) circle (C) observe (D) view

85. (A) intimate (B) familiar (C) understood (D) close

86. (A) Then (B) Therefore (C) But (D) Moreover

87. (A) moment (B) movement (C) idea (D) affair

88. (A) impression (B) information (C) inspections (D) instructions

89. (A) as (B) unless (C) while (D) so

90. (A) around (B) over (C) along (D) above

Part V Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1. 现代的交通工具越来越发达

2. 人与人之间的交往越来越频繁

3. 结论

94.1

Part I 1―20题

1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B

11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D

Part II ――Part IV 21――90题

21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C

31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. C

41. D 42. D 43. A 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. D

51. A 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A 56. B 57. A 58. D 59. C 60. B

61. A 62. D 63. A 64. B 65. B 66. B 67. C 68. B 69. B 70. A

71. A 72. B 73. B 74. C 75. C 76. D 77. B 78. A 79. B 80. C

81. D 82. A 83. D 84. B 85. B 86. C 87. A 88. D 89. A 90. C

篇4：12月四级第1套真题答案

12月四级第1套真题参考答案(完整版)

Part Ⅰ Writing

The Challenges of Living in a Big City

①With the development of economy and urbanization, the number of big cities isconstantly increasing in China. ②While big cities are attracting more and more people, they also bring many challenges, such as traffic jam and pollution, just to name a few.

③The first problem that really bothers me is the traffic congestion during rush hours. Ihate waiting for buses and being late for school or work. ④The next problem is that thelarge population in big cities makes them so crowded that we can hardly find apeaceful place unless staying at home. Supermarkets are always crowded, so arecinemas and parks. ⑤Another consequence of the large population is that it intensifiesthe inadequacy of high-quality medical and educational resources, thus decreasingresidents' sense of happiness.

⑥As a result, although I am frequently asked whether I like to live in a big city or not, my answer is always: “no, definitely not.” What about you?

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

1. C

2. A

3. B

4. B

5. D

6. C

7. A

8. C

9. D

10. A

11. B

12. A

13. A

14. D

15. B

16. C

17. B

18. D

19. C

20. A

21. C

22. C

23. D

24. A

25. B

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：FBMDG EHKIO

36-45：DBGAI FCJRG

46-55：BBADC DCBAC

Part IV Translation

Because of the rapid development of communication network, the number ofsmartphone users in China has increased at an astonishing rate in recent years, whichhas significantly changed the way many people read. Nowadays they often read newsand articles on smartphones instead of buying traditional newspapers and periodicals. The development of numerous mobile apps has enabled people to read novels and otherforms of literary works on their mobile phones. Therefore, the sales of paper books havebeen affected. But surveys show that though smartphone reading market has grownsteadily, over half of adults still enjoy reading paper books.

英语四级必背句子

A coin has two sides. 每个硬币都有两面

Every rose has its thorn. 每一朵玫瑰都有刺。

Every advantage has its disadvantage. 有利必有弊。

Misfortune may be an actual blessing. 塞翁失马焉知非福。

Each dog has its day. 每条狗都有它的一天(俗话说：风水轮流转)

It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹时未晚。

Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

No pains no gains. 没有付出就没有收获。

It's never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 逆境出人才。

Work makes the workman. 勤工出巧匠。

Adversity shows insight 同舟共济。

Return when being helped. 知恩图报。

Misery makes strangers friends. 患难时不择友。

大学英语四级备考词汇

1. at the thought of 一想到…

2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论

3. at will 随心所欲

4. (be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有

5. access (to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解

6. by accident (=by chance, accidentally) 偶然地，意外;Without accident(=safely) 安全地

7. of one’s own accord (=without being asked; willingly; freely) 自愿地 ,主动地

8. in accord with 与…一致 out of one’s accord with 同。。。不一致

9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing) 一致地

10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据

11. on one’s own account

1) 为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益

2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责

3) (=by oneself)依靠自己

12. take…into account (=consider) 把。。。考虑进去

13. give sb. an account of 说明，解释 (理由)

14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，说明

15. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为

16. on no account (=in no case, for no reason) 绝不要，无论如何不要 (放句首时句子要倒装)

17. accuse…of… (=charge…with; blame sb. for sth ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告

18. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于

19. be acquainted with (=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉

20. act on 奉行，按照。。。行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

21. adapt oneself to (=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

22. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要)

23. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之

24. in addition to (=as well as, besides, other than) 除。。。外

25. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持，遵循

26. adjacent (=next to, close to) 毗邻的，临近的

27. adjust...(to) (=change slightly) 调节; 适应;

28. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 。。。的可能，留有。。。的余地。

29. in advance (before in time) 预告，事先

30. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地

31. have an advantage over 胜过

have the advantage of 由于。。。处于有利条件

have the advantage of sb知道某人所不知道的事

32. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness) 利用

33. agree with 赞同 (某人意见) agree to 同意

34. in agreement (with) 同意，一致

35. ahead of 在。。。之前，超过。。。; 。。。ahead of time 提前

36. in the air 1) 不肯定，不具体. 2) 在谣传中

37. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是，最重要的

38. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共，总计

39. all at once (=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; 说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎

40. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到，估计到

41. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计，等于。

42. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对。。。负责。

43. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。

44. be anxious about 为。。。焦急不安; 或anxious for

45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为。。。向。。。道歉

46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁; appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力

47. apply to sb. for sth. 为。。。向。。。申请; apply for 申请; apply to 适用。

48. apply to 与。。。有关;适用

49. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成， approve vt. 批准

50. arise from (=be caused by) 由…引起。

51. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…

篇5：四级真题评析

一、听力

本次大学英语四级听力部分分为两个部分：短对话和篇章听力。两部分总的难度走平和路线，较之去年，短对话部分难度没有提升，没有生僻单词的出现，它的难点基本在于语义的理解方面。

例如以下三题都是考察but这个转折词出现后，句子意思的理解问题：

1. m: i think the hostess really went out of her way to make the party a success.

w: yes. the food and drinks were great, but if only we had known a few of the other guests.

q: what did the two speakers say about the party?

这道题目的考点在于“but if only we had known a few of the other guests.” but 表示转折，暗示后面的内容与前面陈述内容相反，即，晚宴不太好的地方是对其他客人不熟悉。

3． m: how do you like the new physician who replaced doctor andrews？

w: he may not seem as agreeable or as thorough as doctor andrews, but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours

q: what can we infer from the woman’s answer?

“but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours，”又是一个语义转折的考点。从女士的回答可以看出，她认为doctor andrews比新来的医生要更适合这份工作，但是他常常让病人等很长时间。

5． w: do you have the seminar schedule with you? i’d like to find out the topic for friday.

m: i gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.

q: what does the man promise to do?

“but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.”虽然男生已经把他的给了朋友，但是图书馆里还有，他可以帮女生带一本。

第7题是考查对比理解。

7．w: here is this week’s schedule, tony. on monday there is the board meeting. your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon. then on wednesday you have the appointment with your lawyer. and…

m: wait! you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?

q: what will the man do this tuesday?

女生说“your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon”男生惊讶于“wait!you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?”即原来安排的是商务会谈，现在取消了。在听这道题目时，考生一定要注意wait 这个词，表示事实情况与原来的安排可能出现了差异，不能仅凭时间状语进行判断。

而篇章听力理解部分有一定的难度。三篇文章，第一篇主要介绍“kudzu”（野葛）这种植物，它来自哪里，对于人类有哪些利弊等等。

第二篇主要介绍“university”这个单词的来源，以及英国国内著名大学的发展历程。

第三篇主要介绍“heifer international”这个国际组织的由来，它给世界人民尤其是发展中国家人民的生活带来了哪些改变或者益处。

三篇文章的难点在于专业术语比较多，例如：“kudzu”，“universitas”，“heifer international”等等，但是文章对于这些术语都有详细的解释，在解释说明时，并没有什么疑难单词出现，语法也不是很复杂。所以，考生在进行听力测试时，遇到生僻的单词千万不要紧张，只要镇定自若地听完全文，在听的过程中，适当做一下笔记，回答后面的问题，并不困难。

二、阅读

第一篇为说明文。同学们在阅读开头部分，很有可能将文章定位为议论文，但读到第三段会发觉文章主要介绍如何更成功的在国外找到工作。第一、二段作者分别阐述了公司招聘国外员工及人才寻求国外工作机会的原因，而第21、22题正考了这两个原因。第23、24、25题都为事实细节题，可在第三段及作者所列三点写简历注意事项中找到

第二篇为议论文，文章的观点是对发展中国家来说，对女性教育比起其它投资形式可带来更大的回报。考题26、29、30都是考查考生对文章主旨的把握的，可见考生是否理解的此文的主旨是得分的关键。第27、28题分别考查考生对第二、第三段文字的理解。同学们一般比较擅长做细节题，直接在文中找答案，遇到推断总结性的题目就会暴露阅读理解上的薄弱，因此在此份考卷的阅读题中，此篇的五道题同学们比较容易失分。

第三篇为说明文，介绍了最新的汽车防窃技术。五道题中除了第32题，其它都是事实细节题，可在原文中找到确切答案，只要同学们的词汇掌握不太差，做题时不过于慌张，应该可以较顺利的拿下此四题。而第32题也不难，通过对第三、第四段的理解也可得出正确答案。

第四篇介绍了老龄父母的情况，他们的年龄给培育子女所带来的优势和劣势。此篇题目的题型也以推断题为主，属于稍有难度的一篇。第36题可用排除法。第37题考查考生对原文句子的理解，且在文中有明显提示——“end up retiring much later”。第38、39和40题都是考察原文中的举例和引用语所说明的问题。考生们可借助例子前后作者的评述得出正确答案。

三、词汇

6月17日的四级考试，可以说是四级考试最后一次单独考查词汇（下一次考试基本不会再用旧的考试题型），与我们预期的类似，词汇部分的难度比往次考试有所增加。

1、词组考查：

1). 难度中等――53题的pick up (the habit of smoking)、56题的hold on to (their comfortable home)

2). 难度较高――62题的laid off (下岗、解雇)。如果学生平时能够有所积累，对我们中国常用的“下岗”（lay-off）一词有所了解，解开这道题倒也不难。

2、词汇考查：

1). 词汇的固定搭配出现较多，对学生的语感提出了挑战，例如：

a. 51题的(death) penalty

b. 52题的distinguish (from…)

c. 54题的(leave a good) impression (on…)

d. 57题的tackle (the problem)

e. 58题的state (of your mind)

f. 65题的(are …) burdened (with … debt)

g. 67题的apply (them to …)

2). 从上下文结构判断的题，对学生迅速判断考点、理解词义差别也提出了较高的要求，例如：

a. 55题从搭配来说，4个选项皆可，但从上文的opportunity for students and faculty，对应下文的research activities，中间只能用participate，与activities一起表示“参加……活动”。――较难

b. 59题考查的是一个表程度的形容词，从no ____ relationship between “a and b”的结构可以看出，这里只能用significant表示关系的重要性。――较难

c. 60题考查的是词汇的用法辨析及空格词与上文考点词spending（花费）的联系，“花费上升”在四个选项中只有soared可以表示此义。――难度中等

d. 61题与上文cancer（癌症）对应，只能用(doesn’t produce) symptoms（症状）。――难度中等

e. 63题只能从上文的physical differences between men and women与下文的our basic roles as hunters and child-bearers找语义联系，“男女间的身体差异”和“我们的角色”原本不需用trace一词来表示，一般我们用be reflected这类即可，但这里出现的basic, hunters and child-bearers表示的是“我们远古时代的角色”，因此be traced to…或be traced back to都是比较贴切的。――难度

f. 64题a much greater ______ of its brain，由上文的a much greater可以排除percent（可数名词），同时composition, compound都不可以用比较级来修饰，也可排除――较难

g. 66题的上文first meal of the day（早餐）对应的应该是(classroom) performance（表现）。――较易

h. 68题从下文的only to the very rich（只有非常富有的人）可以发现只有affordable（承受）比较贴切。――较易

i. 69题从上文的being out of work可以知道jane失去了经济来源，因此下文的(can no longer) treat (friends to dinners …)就顺理成章了。――较易

j. 70题从下文的young athletes的努力程度来看，只有inspired（受……的激励）符合。――较易

四、完型

本文主要讨论室内环保问题，包括从城市规划和建设到室内的装潢和布置。

本次考试的题目总体而言比往年稍显容易，主要是测试考生对词汇的搭配和固定用法以及上下文联系理解的能力。

71题为送分题，该空所在句子谓语动词的过去时态是线索，所以选ago。

72空that为关键词，其后的句子为同位语从句，且整句话表达了观点，所以选idea。

73空前的将来时为线索，所以选come，to come为常用搭配。

74空根据上下文知道文章讨论的是室内环保问题，所以选indoor。

75空的主语是sth，所以可以排除b), c)和d)，因为它们的主语一般都是sb。

76空后的molecules是线索，与material相比更为微小，所以选down。

77空由上下文可知，文章讨论的是环境污染对人类和地球的破坏，属安全性问题，所以选safe。

78空后的amount是线索，表数量，所以选reduced。

79空后的quality是关键词，说明前面这空需要能表达对空气、水和土壤质量的破坏，所以选destroy。

80空后的not simply提示前后为转折关系，所以选however。

81空由前文的less bad推知，后面的材料应该是完全有益健康的，所以选completely。

82空为送分题，因为前面有either，所以答案为or。

83空为固定短语，as a matter of fact表示in fact。

84空前has already一次说明后面的动作肯定已经结束，所以researched不对。sketched意思完全不符。constructed搭配不对，后面一般不解产品。所以答案为developed，表示“开发”。

85空为语境题，通过后文的current暗示，前面需要的词应表达之前发生的动作，所以选start，start out与start同意，表示“一开始”。

86空由句首的but和句末的whether we like it or not得知，此后果无法选择，所以答案为inevitably。

87空前的reduce the damage与后文的a positive approach形成对比关系，所以选instead。

88空由approach得知，所以选adopt，表示“采纳，采用”。

89空由前文的healthful可知，effect应该是积极的，所以选beneficial。

90空为词汇搭配题。full, total和complete都主要表量，所以选entire，表整个城市。

五、写作

这篇作文并不是很难。

首先，本篇文章的基本框架肯定是三段式：概诉、具体内容、附加内容和口号，所以大部分的学生在框架上肯定不会失分。

其次，本篇文章的可发挥性很强，所以大家尽可以拣自己最熟悉的活动去写。如果是为了得到高分，可以考虑是否写一些与众不同的活动，例如：去西部支教、参加奥运筹备活动、出国做自愿者等活动。

最后，从文章内容上来讲，希望尽量条理清晰，但大家尽量不要写成流水帐之类的东西，这是这种文章写作的最大陷阱！口号的写作尤其重要，因为这些东西会给教师留下较深刻的印象，但是切勿无病呻吟。

综合起来说，这篇文章选题中规中矩，不应该成为广大考生此次考试的拦路虎。

an announcement for a voluntary program

ladies and gentlemen, our students’ union is calling for your due attention for a voluntary program to be launched in this imminent summer vacation and we are looking forward to your keen concern and active participation in earnest.

this program is designed to offer the young kids from a certain poverty-stricken area of yun nan province an opportunity of free education, which means a two-month stay there. we are convinced it is bound to help us university students to put our learning to full play, to foster a meaningful conception of life of being more caring and tolerant and to assume new tasks and responsibilities after graduation.

dear fellow students, we are beneficiaries of a rare privilege of formal education, meanwhile, there are many people, as innately talented as us, have been deprived of this equal chance, therefore, we hope sophomores and juniors, if interested and willing to help, in this university to contact us at abc@cde.com or by 021-12345678.

篇6：四级真题

英语四级考试真题及答案

art I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

________________________________________________________________________

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

听力音频MP3文件，点击进入听力真题页面

Section A News Report

Directions： In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.

B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.

C) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.

D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.

2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.

B) It found its way back to the park's zoo.

C) It became a great attraction for tourists.

D) It was sent to the animal control department.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) It is the largest of its kind.

B) It is going to be expanded.

C) It is displaying more fossil specimens.

D) It is staring an online exhibition.

4. A) A collection of bird fossils from Australia.

B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.

C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.

D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) Pick up trash.

B) Amuse visitors.

C) Deliver messages.

D) Play with children.

6. A) They are especially intelligent.

B) They are children's favorite.

C) They are quite easy to tame.

D) They are clean and pretty.

7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.

B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.

C) Children may contract bird diseases.

D) Children may overfeed the rooks.

Section B Conversation

Directions： In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University.

B) It will be hosted by famous professors.

C) It will cover different areas of science.

D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.

9. A)It will be more futuristic.

B) It will be more systematic.

C) It will be more entertaining.

D) It will be easier to understand.

10. A) People interested in science.

B) Youngsters eager to explore.

C) Children in their early teens.

D) Students majoring in science.

11. A) Offer professional advice.

B) Provide financial support.

C) Help promote it on the Internet.

D) Make episodes for its first season.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) Unsure.

B) Helpless.

C) Concerned.

D) Dissatisfied.

13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect.

B) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.

C) He is too ambitious in achieving goals.

D) He takes on projects beyond his ability.

14. A) Embarrassed.

B) Unconcerned.

C) Miserable.

D) Resentful.

15. A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens.

B) Compare his present with his past only.

C) Always learn from others' achievements.

D) Treat others the way he would be treated.

Section C Passage

Directions： In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.

B) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.

C) They are more likely to become engineers.

D) They have greater potential to be leaders.

17. A) Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.

B) Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.

c) Insist that boys and girls work together more.

D) Respond more positively to boys' comments.

18. A) Offer personalized teaching materials.

B) Provide a variety of optional courses.

C) Place great emphasis on test scores.

D) Pay extra attention to top students.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) It often rains cats and dogs.

B) It seldom rains in summer time.

C) It does not rain as much as people think.

D) It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.

20. A) They drive most of the time.

B) The rain is usually very light.

C) They have got used to the rain.

D) The rain comes mostly at night.

21. A) It has a lot of places for entertainment.

B) It has never seen thunder and lighting.

C) It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.

D) It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.

B) It results from exerting one's muscles continuously.

C) It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.

D) It comes from staining one's muscles in an unusual way.

23. A) Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.

B) Body movements in the affected area become difficult.

C) They begin to make repairs immediately.

D) They gradually become fragmented.

24. A) About one week.

B) About two days.

C) About ten days.

D) About four weeks.

25. A) Apply muscle creams.

B) Drink plenty of water.

C) Have a hot shower.

D) Take pain-killers.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or __26__ the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is __27__ , and the label says “pure water”. But maybe what's inside is not so __28__ . Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world __29__ microplastics?

That's the conclusion of a recently __30__ study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, __31__ an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a __32__ commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and __33__ containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.

Confronted with this __34__ , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the __35__ health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.

A) adequate

B) admiring

C) contains

D) defending

E) evidence

F) instant

G) liquid

H) modified

I) natural

J) potential

K) released

L) revealing

M) sealed

N) solves

O) substance

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Make Stuff, Fail, And Learn While You're At It

A) We've always been a hands-on, do it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.

B) Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.

C) The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members-including guys named Jobs and Wozniak-started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.

D) So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.

E) These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you, re learning to do.

F) Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American context, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.

G) Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown in popularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making. Although there is a connection, there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project- based learning.

H) I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head—or you just borrow it from someone—and begin to develop it, repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others. I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person, their ideas, and their interactions with the world.

I) In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize （使变得无足轻重） making. The thing that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the; textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the straws, the cardboard tubes.

J) Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car.

K) Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment, where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.

L) The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes, to people, it sounds like this is a diminished role for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're creating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? Are they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling （受挫）？ Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help them be aware of where they are?

M) My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enables us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable; it's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems-problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.

N) If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit t together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, “This is science, over here is history,” I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?

O) I feel like this is a shift away from a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn but how they learn.

36.A maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests.

37.The teachers, role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process.

38.Coming up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept of making.

39.Contrary to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.

40.America is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself.

41.Making will be boring unless students are able to take charge.

42.Making can be related to a project, but it is created and carried out by students themselves.

43.The author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum.

44.The maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.

45.Making is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.

Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.

Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students' questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn't know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn't tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn't inform them about Jill's true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.

The goal of Professor Goel's virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.

46. What do we lear about Knowledge-Based Arificial Itelligence?

A) It is a robot that can answer students' questions.

B) It is a course designed for students to leamn online.

C) It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.

D) It is a computer program that aids student leaming.

47. What problem did Professor Goel meet with?

A) His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.

B) His course was too difficult for the students.

C) Students' questions were too many to handle.

D) Too many students dropped out of his course.

48. What do we lear about Jill Watson?

A) She turned out to be a great sucess.

B) She got along pretty well with students.

C) She was unwelcome to students at first.

D) She was released online as an experiment.

49. How did the students feel about Jill Watson?

A) They thought she was a bit too artificial.

B) They found her not as capable as expected.

C) They could not but admire her knowledge.

D) They could not tell her from a real person.

50. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson?

A) Launch different versions of her online.

B) Feed her with new questions and answers.

C) Assign her to answer more of students' questions.

D) Encourage students to interact with her more freely.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

Thinking small, being engaging, and having a sense of humor don't hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network and some promotional skills may be more crucial.

Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more than twice their goals, but others have fallen short of reaching even modest targets.

To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Sch?fer of the University of Zurich examined the content of the webpages for 371 recent campaigns.

Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platforms such as Experiment.com and Petridish.org only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors, since projects that answered questions from interested donors fared better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4,000 on average, with 30% receiving less than $1,000. The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.

Other factors may also significantly influence a project's success, most notably, the size of a scientist's personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on their own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researchers' efforts to reach the public, and people give because “they feel a connection to the person” who is doing the fundraising—not necessarily to the science.

51. What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projects?

A) They did not raise much due to modest targets.

B) They made use of mixed fundraising strategies.

C) Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals.

D) Most of them put movies online for the purpose.

52. What is the purpose of Mike Schafer' s research of recent crowdfunding campaigns?

A) To create atractive content for science websites.

B) To identify reasons for their different outcomes.

C) To help scientists to launch innovative projects.

D) To separate science projects from general ones.

53. What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfiunding campaign?

A) The potential benefit to future generations.

B) Its interaction with prospective donors.

C) Its originality in addressing financial issues.

D) The value of the proposed project.

54. What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projects?

A) They should be small to be sucessful.

B) They should be based on actual needs.

C) They should be assed with great care.

D) They should be ambitious to gain notice.

55. What motivates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaign?

A) The ease of access to the content of the webpage.

B) Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.

C) The significance and influence of the project itself.

D) Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好教育。他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参与国际交流项目，以拓宽其视野。通过这些努力，他们期望孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣作出贡献。

Part Ⅰ Writing

Hi Mark,

I'm so glad that you have made up your mind to teach English in China. Before you make a decision about your precise destination, let me introduce my hometown, Chongqing.

Located in southwest China, Chongqing may not enjoy worldwide fame as much as Beijing or Shanghai, but it is a thriving metropolis with lower cost of living. Working and living here, you can achieve your career goals without feeling too much stress. The locals are known for being warm and hospitable, and you can teach in a way that feels good for you. To be sure, teaching a foreign language in a city where residents speak a dialect all the time can be very challenging. It takes time indeed to correct pronunciation mistakes each student makes. But since you are always praised for your kindness and patience, it should hardly be an obstacle for you.

Anyway, I will support and help you as much as possible, whichever city you go to. I believe living and teaching in China will be a pleasant and memorable experience for you.

Best wishes,

Li Ming

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

1. D

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. A

6. A

7. B

8. C

9. C

10. A

11. B

12. D

13. A

14. C

15. B

16. C

17. D

18. A

19. C

20. B

21. D

22. D

23. A

24. B

25. C

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：BMICK LOGEJ

36-45：EICGK FBJDH

46-55：BCADC CBBAD

Part IV Translation

Chinese families attach great importance to their children's education. Many parents hold that they should work hard to ensure their children's access to good education. Not only are they perfectly willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend much time urging them to study. Most parents expect their children to get admitted to elite universities. Owing to China s reform and opening-up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange programs to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children grow up strong and healthy and make a contribution to the nation's development and prosperity.

篇7：1月大学英语四级CET4真题及答案

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)

section a

directions: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), and decide which is the best answer. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

example: you will hear:

you will read:

a) at the office.

b) in the waiting room.

c) at the airport.

d) in a restaurant.

from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. therefore, a) “at the office” is the correct answer. you should choose [a] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.

sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]

1. a) the man could buy a shirt of a different color.

b) the size of the shirt is all right for the man.

c) the size the man wants will arrive soon.

d) the man could come some time later.

2. a) the woman is watching an exciting film with the man.

b) the woman can’t take a photo of the man.

c) the woman is running toward the lake.

d) the woman is filming the lake.

3. a) it’s quiet in the restaurant.

b) the price is high in the restaurant.

c) the restaurant serves good food.

d) the restaurant is too far from their school.

4. a) at a booking office.

b) in a hong kong hotel.

c) on a busy street.

d) at an airport.

5. a) the woman has been complaining too much.

b) the woman’s headache will go away by itself.

c) the woman should have seen the doctor earlier.

d) the woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor.

6. a) help the woman move the items.

b) hurry to mr. johnson’s office.

c) help move things to mr. johnson’s office.

d) put off his appointment with mr. johnson.

7. a) the man should not dream of being a superstar.

b) the man didn’t practice hard enough.

c) the man should find a new partner.

d) the man should not give up.

8. a) there is no more left.

b) it doesn’t appeal to her.

c) it’s incredibly delicious.

d) she has already tasted it.

9. a) the man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.

b) the man has made a mess of his midterm exam.

c) the man has bad study habits.

d) the man is a diligent student.

10. a) the man will drive the woman to school.

b) the man has finished his assignment.

c) the man is willing to help the woman.

d) the man is losing patience with the woman.

section b

passage one

questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11. a) the art of saying thank you.

b) the secret of staying pretty.

c) the importance of good manners.

d) the difference between elegance and good manners.

12. a) they were nicer and gentler.

b) they paid more attention to their appearance.

c) they were willing to spend more money on clothes.

d) they were more aware of changes in fashion.

13. a) by decorating our homes.

b) by being kind and generous.

c) by wearing fashionable clothes.

d) by putting on a little make-up.

passage two

questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14. a) children don’t get enough education in safety.

b) children are keen on dangerous games.

c) the playgrounds are in poor condition.

d) the playgrounds are overcrowded.

15. a) they should help maintain the equipment.

b) they should keep a watchful eye on their children.

c) they should stop their children from climbing ladders.

d) they should teach their children how to use the equipment.

16. a) they tend to stay within shouting or running distance of their parents.

b) they should be aware of the potential risks in the playground.

c) they may panic in front of high playground equipment.

d) they can be creative when they feel secure.

passage there

questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

17. a) it takes skill.

b) it pays well.

c) it’s full-time job.

d) it’s admired worldwide.

18. a) a mother with a baby in her arms.

b) a woman whose bag is hanging in front.[page]

c) a lone female with a handbag at her right side.

d) an old lady carrying a handbag on the left.

19. a) the back pocket of his tight trousers.

b) the top pocket of his jacket.

c) a side pocket of his jacket.

d) a side pocket of his trousers.

20. a) theater lobbies with uniformed security guards.

b) clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard.

c) airports where people carry a lot of luggage.

d) hotels and restaurants in southeast london.

partⅱ reading comprehension (35minutan)

directions: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b),c)and d).you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheer with a single line through the centre.

passage one

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

i'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier on unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. while any of there statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. still, i was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950. in fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.

why are america's kids so stressed? the report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation -- brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things -- and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.

given that we can't turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope. at the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. no child is an island. strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.

to help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on tvs and computers. your family will thank you later. they will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.

limit the amount of viral (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. it's not just radio games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.

keep your expectations for your children reasonable. many highly successful people never attended harvard or yale.

make exercise part of your daily routine. it will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. but it doesn't have to ruin your life.

21. the author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are ______.

a) surprising c) illogical

b) confusing d)questionable

22. what does the author mean when he says, “we can't turn the clock back”(line 1, para.3)?

a) it's impossible to slow down the pace of change.

b) the social reality children are facing cannot be changed.

c) lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.

d) it's impossible to forget the past.

23. according to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ______.

a) were less isolated physically c) probably suffered less from anxiety

b) were probably less self-centered d)were considered less individualistic

24. the first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is ______.

a) to provide them with a safer environment

b) to lower them expectations for them

c) to get them more involved socially

d) to set a good model for them to follow

25. what conclusion can be drawn from the passage?

a) anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.

b) children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.

c) children's anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.

d) anxiety, it properly controlled, may help children become mature.

passage two

questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.[page]

it is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. one thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don't at least ask for it. men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. consider beth's story:

i did not get what i wanted when i did not ask for it. we had cubicle(小隔间) offices and window offices. i sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. one by one they were moved into window offices, while i remained in the cubicles. several males who were hired after me also went to offices. one in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. i guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since i did not voice my opinion either way.

it would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. if you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it.

performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. you must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. timing is also a good bargaining chip. if you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. use information as a bargaining chip too. find out what you are worth on the open market. what will someone else pay for your services?

go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.

26. according to the passage, before taking a job, a person should ______.

a) demonstrate his capability c) ask for as much money as he can

b) give his boss a good impression d) ask for the salary he hopes to get

27. what can be inferred from beth’s story?

a) prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.

b) if people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.

c) people should not be content with what they have got.

d) people should be careful when negotiating for a job.

28. we can learn from the passage that ______.

a) unfairness exists in salary increases

b) most people are overworked and underpaid

c) one should avoid overstating one’s performance

d) most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises

29. to get a pay raise, a person should ______.

a) advertise himself on the job market

b) persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract

c) try to get inside information about the organization

d) do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions

30. to be successful in negotiations, one must ______.

a) meet his boss at the appropriate time

b) arrive at the negotiation table punctually

c) be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction

d) be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes

passage three

questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

when families gather for christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to grandma’s generation. their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be sunday-best.

but in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware (粗陶)–and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-friday look. for hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. for makers of fine china in britain, it spells economic hare times

last week royal doulton, the largest employer in stoke-on-trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jots – one-fifth of its total workforce, that brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.

although a strong pound and weak markets in asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. a spokesman for royal doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”“ toward casual dining. families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television. even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. in a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it's better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. too often, the perfect moment never comes. iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? forget it. polish the silver? who has time?[page]

yet the loss of formality has its down side. the fine points of etiquette (礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“chew with your mouth closed.” “keep your elbows off the table.”) must be picked up elsewhere. some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.

31. the trend toward casual dining has resulted in ______.

a) bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers

b) shrinking of the pottery industry

c) restructuring of large enterprises

d) economic recession in great britain

32. which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?

a) family members need more time to relax.

b) busy schedules leave people no time for formality.

c) people want to practice economy in times of scarcity.

d) young people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation.

33. it can be learned from the passage that royal doulton is ______.

a) a retailer of stainless steel tableware c) a pottery chain store

b) a dealer in stoneware d) a producer of fine china

34. the main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _______.

a) the increased value of the pound

b) the economic recession in asia

c) the change in people’s way of life

d) the fierce competition at home and abroad

35. refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life, ______.

a) are still a must on certain occasions

b) are bound to return sooner or later

c) are still being taught by parents at home

d) can help improve personal relationships

passage four

questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

some houses are designed to be smart. others have smart designs. an example of the second type of house won an award of excellence from the american institute of architects.

located on the shore of sullivan’s island off the coast of south carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by hurricane (飓风) hugo 10 years ago. in september 1989, hugo struck south carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state.

before hugo, many new houses built along south carolina’s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn’t strict, according to architect ray huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. in hugo’s wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. the new beach house on sullivan’s island should be able to withstand a category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour.

at first sight, the house on sullivan's island looks anything but hurricane-proof. its redwood shell makes it resemble ”a large party lantern ( 灯笼 )“ at night, according to one observer. but looks can be deceiving. the house's wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.

to further protect the house from hurricane damage, huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings -- long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. they also elevate the house above storm surges. the pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. ”these swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,“ said huff.

huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the house's ground-to-roof shell. ”the shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pant legs pulled up,“ said huff. in the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.

36. after the tragedy caused by hurricane hugo, new houses built along south carolina’s shore line are required_______.

a) to be easily reinforced

b) to look smarter in design

c) to meet stricter building standards

d) to be designed in the shape of cubes[page]

37. the award-wining beach house is-quite strong because _______.

a) it is strengthened by street rods

b) it is made of redwood

c) it is in the shape of a shell

d) it is built with timber and concrete

38. huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to _______.

a) withstand beak winds of about 200 km/hr

b) anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand

c) break huge sea waves into smaller ones

d) prevent water from rushing into the house.

39. the main function of the shell is ___________.

a) to strengthen the pilings of the house

b) to give the house a better appearance

c) to protect the wooden frame of the house

d) to slow down the speed of the swelling water

40. it can be interred from the passage that the shell should be ________.

a) fancy-looking

b) waterproof

c) easily breakable

d) extremely strong

part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)

directions: there are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

41. he asked us to _____ them in carrying through their plan.

a. provide b. arouse c. assist d. persist

42. a good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _____ was to be expected.

a. that b. what c. so d. as

43. he was such a _____ speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three-hour lecture.

a. specific b. dynamic c. heroic d. diplomatic

44. arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the _____ which occurred in his dormitory.

a. occasions b. matters c. incidents d. issues

45. the opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the boys managed to _____ through.

a. press b. squeeze c. stretch d. leap

46. they are trying to _____ the waste discharged by the factory for profit.

a. expose b. exhaust c. exhibit d. exploit

47. the manager urged his staff not to _____ the splendid opportunity.

a. drop b. miss c. escape d. slide

48. _____ i admire david as a poet, i do not like him as a man.

a. much as b. only if c. if only d. as much

49. because of a _____ engagement, lora couldn't attend my birthday party last saturday.

a. pioneer b. premature c. prior d. past

50. the continuous rain _____ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks.

a. set back b. set off c. set out d. set aside

51. not having a good command of english can be a serious _____ preventing you from achieving your goals.

a. obstacle b. fault c. offense d. distress

52. it's very _____ of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep.

a. concerned b. careful c. considerable d. considerate

53. many a player who had been highly thought of has _____ from the tennis scene.

a. disposed b. disappeared c. discouraged d. discarded

54. she's fainted. throw some water on her face and she'll _____.

a. come round b. come along c. come on d. come out

55. all their attempts to _____ the child from the burning building were in vain.

a. regain b. recover c. rescue d. reserve

56. computer technology will _____ a revolution in business administration.

a. bring around b. bring about c. bring out d. bring up

57. the university has launched a research center to develop new ways of _____ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments.

a. regulating b. halting c. interrupting d. combating

58. the _____ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly the gap between researchers and teachers.

a. joint b. intensive c. overall d. decisive

59. the rapid development of communications technology is transforming the _____ in which people communicate across time and space.

a. route b. transmission c. vision d. manner

60. when i go out in the evening i use the bike _____ the car if i can.

a. rather than b. regardless of c. in spite of d. other than

61. there is no _____ evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab.

a. rigid b. solid c. smooth d. harsh

62. every culture has developed _____ for certain kinds of food and drink, and equally strong negative attitudes toward others.[page]

a. preferences b. expectations c. fantasies d. fashions

63. it is reported that uruguay understands and _____ china on human rights issues.

a. grants b. changes c. abandons d. backs

64. only a few people have _____ to the full facts of the incident.

a. access b. resort c. contact d. path

65. his trousers _____ when he tried to jump over the fence.

a. cracked b. split c. broke d. burst

66. so far, _____ winds and currents have kept the thick patch of oil southeast of the atlantic coast.

a. governing b. blowing c. prevailing d. ruling

67. the author was required to submit an _____ of about 200 words together with his research paper.

a. edition b. editorial c. article d. abstract

68. as the old empires were broken up and new states were formed, new official tongues began to _____ at an increasing rate.

a. bring up b. build up c. spring up d. strike up

69. many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, _____ they have no schedules to keep.

a. even though b. for c. as if d. since

70. some plants are very _____ to light; they prefer the shade.

a. sensible b. flexible c. objective d. sensitive

part iv cloze (15 minutes)

directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage. for each blank there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d) on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

it’s an annual back-to-school routine. one morning you wave goodbye, and that __71__ evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy. in the race to improve educational standards, __72__ are throwing the books at kids. __73__ elementary school students are complaining of homework __74__. what’s a well-meaning parent to do?

as hard as __75__ may be, sit back and chill experts advise. though you’ve got to get them to do it, __76__ helping too much, or even examining __77__ too carefully, you may keep them __78__ doing it by themselves. “i wouldn’t advise a parent to check every __79__ assignment,” says psychologist john rosemond, author of ending the tough homework. there’s a __80__ of appreciation for trial and error. let your children __81__ the grade they deserve.

many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their __82__. but “you don’t want them to feel it has to be __83__,” she says.

that’s not to say parents should __84__ homework -- first, they should monitor how much homework their kids __85__. thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in __86__ four, five, and six is standard, says rosemond. for junior-high students it should be “__87__ more than a hour and a half,” and two for high school students. if your child __88__ has more homework than this, you may want to check __89__ other parents and then talk to the teacher about __90__ assignments.

71. a. very b. exact c. right d. usual

72. a. officials b. parents c. experts d. schools

73. a. also b. even c. then d. however

74. a. fatigue b. confusion c. duty d. puzzle

75. a. there b. we c. they d. it

76. a. via b. under c. by d. for

77. a. questions b. answers c. standards d. rules

78. a. off b. without c. beyond d. from

79. a. single b. piece c. page d. other

80. a. drop b. short c. cut d. lack

81. a. acquire b. earn c. gather d. reach

82. a. exercises b. defects c. mistakes d. tests

83. a. perfect b. better c. unusual d. complete

84. a. forget b. refuse c. miss d. ignore

85. a. have b. prepare c. make d. perform

86. a. classes b. groups c. grades d. terms

87. a. about b. no c. much d. few

88. a. previously b. rarely c. merely d. consistently

89. a. with b. in c. out d. up

90. a. finishing b. lowering c. reducing d. declining

part v writing (30 minutes)

directions: in this section you are required to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. you should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline given in chinese below:[page]

1. 建议报考的专业及理由；

2. 报考该专业的基本条件；

3. 应当如何备考。

a letter of reply to a friend

december 27,

dear

1. a 2. b 3. a 4. d 5. c 6. b 7. d 8. b 9. c 10. d

11. c 12. a 13. b 14. c 15. b 16. d 17. a 18. c 19. a 20. b

21. d 22. b 23. c 24. c 25. a 26. d 27. b 28. a 29. d 30. a

31. b 32. b 33. d 34. c 35. a 36. c 37. a 38. d 39. b 40. c

41. c 42. d 43. b 44. c 45. b 46. d 47. b 48. a 49. c 50. a

51. a 52. d 53. b 54. a 55. c 56. b 57. d 58. c 59. d 60. a

61. b 62. a 63. d 64. a 65. b 66. c 67. d 68. c 69. a 70. d

71. a 72. b 73. b 74. a 75. d 76. c 77. b 78. d 79. a 80. d

81. b 82. c 83. a 84. d 85. a 86. c 87. b 88. d 89. a 90. c

篇8：1月大学英语四级CET4真题及答案

part ⅰ listening comprehension (20 minutes)

section a

example:you will hear:

you will read:

a) at the office. b) in the waiting room.

c) at the airport. d) in a restaurant.

from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. this is most likely to have taken place at the office. therefore, a) “at the office” is the best answer. you should choose on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.

sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]

1.a)get some change from jane. b)go to look for a payphone.

c)use the woman's phone. d)pay for the phone call.

2.a)at an art gallery. b)in a department store.

c)at a bookstore. d)in a workshop.

3.a)she will help the man to catch up. b)she is worried about the man's health.

c)she has bought the man an uptodate map. d)she's bought the man a pair of glasses today.

4.a)he is going to give a talk on fishing. b)he is eager to meet susan's parents.

c)he has the same hobby as susan's father. d)he thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.

5.a)he finds the presentation hard to follow. b)he speaks highly of the presentation.

c)he considers the presentation very dull. d)he thinks professor white has chosen an interesting topic.

6.a)a bookshelf. b)a typewriter. c)some stocks. d)high quality paper.

7.a)they set off early. b)they wait for a fine day.

c)they go sightseeing. d)they go to the seaside.

8.a)he liked to show off in class. b)he was the first person she met at school.

c)he had a funny face. d)he was late for school on the first day.

9.a)her car can stand any crash. b)her car is kept in good condition.

c)her car is not as good as his. d)her car is maintained as well as his.

10.a)she is too busy to go. b)she's willing to go swimming.

c)she doesn't want to wait long. d)she enjoys the wonderful weather.

section b

directions:in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a), b), c), and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

passage one

questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11.a)he was a tax collector. b)he was a government official.

c)he was once a friend of the ruler. d)he was once a shcool teacher in india.

12.a)to reward outstanding tax collectors. b)to declare new ways of collecting tax.

c)to collect money from the persons invited. d)to entertain those who had made great contributions to the government.

13.a)they were excused from paying income tax.

b)they were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler.

c)they tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for.

d)they enjoyed being invited to dinner at the ruler's palace.

passage two

questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14.a)they liked travelling. b)the reasons are unknown.

c)they were driven out of their homes. d)they wanted to find a better place to live in.

15.a)they are unfriendly to gypsies. b)they admire the musical talent of the gypsies.

c)they are envious of gypsies. d)they try to put up with gypsies.

16.a)they are now taught in their own language. b)they are now allowed to attend local schools.

c)special schools have been set up for them. d)permanent homes have been built for them.

passage three

questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

17.a)the causes are familiar. b)the causes are not well understood. [page]

c)the causes are obvious. d)the causes are very complicated.

18.a)improved highway design. b)better public transportation.

c)regular driver training. d)stricter traffic regulations.

19.a)highway crime. b)drivers' errors. c)poor traffic control. d)confusing road signs.

20.a)increasing people's awareness of traffic problems. b)enhancing drivers' sense of responsibility.

c)building more highways. d)designing better cars.

part ⅱ reading comprehension (35 minutes)

section a

directions: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a) , b) , c) and d) . you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

passage one

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. they will spboil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively,fight other dogs and even bite you. nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. the key to preventing or treating behavior problems us learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.

one of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train (驯服) it. obedience training doesn't solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem.training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.

training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. when your dog o

beys a simple request of ”come here, sit,“ it is showing obedience and respect for you. it is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack (群) by using extreme measures. you can teach your dog its subordinate (从属的)role by teaching it to show submission to you. most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.

training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog.it can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. a well |trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.

21. behavior problems of dogs are believed to _______.

a) be just part of their nature b) worsen in modern society

c) occure when they go wild d) present a threat to the community

22. the primary purpose of obedience training is to _______.

a) teach the dog to perform clever tricks

b) make the dog aware fo its owner's authority

c) provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior

d) enable the dog to regain its normal behavior

23. effective communication between a dog and its owner is _______.

a) essential to solving the dog's behavior problems

b) the foundation for dogs to perform tasks

c) a good way to teach the dog new tricks

d) an extreme measure in obedience training

24. why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?

a) to avoid being punished. b) to show their affection for their masters.

c) to win leadership of the dog pack. d) to show their willingness to obey.

25. when a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner _______.

a) can give the dog more rewards b) will enjoy a better family life

c) can give the dog more freedom d) will have more confidence in himself

passage two

questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality

, but when it comes to my college education i am an idealist and a fool. in highschool i wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department,famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. but that's not what i did.[page]

i chose to study engineering at a small liberal |arts(文科) university that doesn't even offer a major in electrical engineering. obviously, this was not a practical choice; i came here for more noble reasons. i wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. i wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren't studying science or engineering. my parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. they told me i was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and i believed them.

i headed off to college sure i was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineerng ”factories“ where they didn't care if you had values or were flexible. i was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist(人文学者) all in one.

now i'm not so sure. somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. after three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, i have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile (协调) engineering with liberal |arts courses in college.

the reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is

that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as i assumed in high school. individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. the struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.

26. the author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because

he _______.

a) wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality

b) intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist

c) wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college

d) intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals

27. according to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts,

engineering students can _______.

a) balance engineering and the liberal arts

b) receive guidance in their careers

c) become noble idealists

d) broaden their horizons

28. in the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected _______.

a) to have an excellent academic record

b) to be wise and mature

c) to be imaginative with a value system to guide him

d) to be a technical genius with a wide vision

29. the author's experience shows that he was _______.

a) creative b) ambitious c) unrealistic d) irrational

30. the word ”they“ in ”... together they threaten to confuse.“ (line 3, para. 5)

refers to _______.

a) engineering and the liberal arts b) reality and noble ideals

c) flexibility and a value system d) practicality and rationality

passage three

questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

priscilla ouchida's ”energy |efficient“ house turned out to be a horrible dream. when she and her engineer husband married a few years ago, they built a $100,000, three -bedroom home in california. tightly sealed to prevent air leaks,the house was equipped with small double |paned(双层玻璃的) windows and several other energy |saving features. problems began as soon as the couple moved in, however. priscilla's eyes burned. her throat was constantly dry. she suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. it was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness.

experts finally traced the cause of her illness. the leyel of of formaldehyde(甲醛) gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. the source of the gas? her new kitchen cabinets and wall |to |wall carpeting.

the ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation's drive to save energy. the problem itself isn't new. ”the indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along,“ says moschandreas, a pollution scientist at geomet technologies in maryland. ”energy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.“[page]

the problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didn't worry much about unsealed cracks. because of such leaks, the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. as a result, the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up to dangerous levels.

31. it can be learned from the passage that the ouchidas' house_______.

a) is well worth the money spent on its construction

b) is almost faultless from the point of energy conservation

c) failed to meet energy conservation standards

d) was designed and constructed in a scientific way

32. what made the ouchidas' new house a horrible dream?

a) lack of fresh air.

b) poor quality of buildig materials.

c) gas leakage in the kitchen.

d) the newly painted walls

33. the word ”accentuate“(line 4, para. 3) most probably means ”________“.

a) relieve b) accelerate c) worsen d) improve

34. why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?

a) because indoor cleanness was not emphasized.

b) because energy used to be inexpensive.

c) because environmental protection was given top priority.

d) because they were technically unavoidable.

35. this passage is most probably taken from an article entitled ”________“ .

a) energy conservation b) house building crisis

c) air pollution indoors d) traps in building consruction

passage four

questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

in 1993, new york state ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage(饮料) containers. within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills (垃圾填埋场). the problem was not limited to new york. unfortunately, there were too few uses for second |hand plastic.

today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled (回收利用) in the united states. the reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.

as the new york experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating

valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. a discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.

shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. in many areas, the east coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste |management option. for every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of new york, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.

36. what regulation was issued by new york state concerning beyerage containers?

a) beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded

plastic soda bottles.

b) throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.

c) a fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.

d) consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on

returning them.

37. the returned plastic bottles in new york used to _______.

a) end up somewhere underground

b) be turned into raw materials

c) have a second |life value

d) be separated from other rubbish

38. the key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is_______.

a) to sell them at a profitable price

b) how to turn them into useful things

c) how to reduce their recycling costs[page]

d) to lower the prices for used materials

39. recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because _______.

a) local governments find it easy to manage

b) recycling has great appeal for the jobless

c) recycling causes little pollution

d) other methods are more expensive

40. it can be concluded from the passage that _______.

a) rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials

b) local governments in the u.s. can expect big profits from recycling

c) recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally

d) lanfills will still be widely used for waste disposal

part ⅲ vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)

section a

directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a) , b) , c) and d) . choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the anwer sheet with a single line through the centre.

41. it is important that the hotel receptionist _______ that guests are registered correctly.

a) has made sure b) made sure c) must make sure d) make sure

42. i suggested he should _______ himself to his new conditions.

a) adapt b) adopt c) regulate d) suit

43. i'll never forget _______ you for the first time.

a) to meet b) meeting c) to have met d) having to be meeting

44. cancellation of the flight _______ many passengers to spend the night at the airport.

a) resulted b) obliged c) demanded d) recommended

45. that young man still denies _______ the fire behind the store.

a) start b) to start c) having started d) to have started

46. _______ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21,000.

a) judged the best b) judging the best

c) to be judged the best d) having judged the best

47. wihtout proper lessons, you could _______ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.

a) keep up b) pick up c) draw up d) catch up

48. everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body's need for it from natural sources without turning _______ the salt bottle.

a) up b) to c) on d) over

49. he always did well at school _______having to do part-time jobs every now and then.

a) in spite of b) regardless of c) on account of d) in case of

50. ______ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.

a) as b) once c) although d) lest

51. all the key words in the article are printed in _______ type so as to attract readers' attention.

a) dark b) dense c) black d) bold

52. the basic features of the communication process are identified in one question:who says _______ through what channel to whom?

a) how b) when c) what d) such

53. i didn't _______ to take a taxi but i had to as i was late.

a) assume b) suppose c) mean d) hope

54. the hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.

a) in which b) on which c) when d) that

55. i'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than _______ a room with someone else.

a) share b) to share c) sharing d) to have shared

56. in disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because disney refused to _______ signs asking his ”guests“ not to step on them.

a) put down b) put out c) put up d) put off

57. _______ difficulties we may come across, we'll help one another to overcome them.

a) wherever b) whatever c) however d) whenever

58. so many directors _______, the board meeting had to be put off.

a) were absent b) been absent c) had been absent d) being absent

59. on new year's eve,new york city holds an outdoor _______ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.

a) incident b) event c) case d) affair

60. american football and baseball are becoming known to the british public through televised _______ from the united states.

a) transfer b) deliveries c) transportation d) transmissions

61. he will surely finish the job on time _______ he's left to do it in his own way.

a) in that b) so long as c) in case d) as far as[page]

62. if this kind of fish becomes _______, future generations may never taste it at all.

a) minimum b) short c) seldom d) scarce

63. the bank is reported in the local newspaper _______ in broad daylight yesterday.

a) being robbed b) having been robbed

c) to have been robbed d) robbed

64. agriculture was a step in human progress _______ which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.

a) in b) for c) to d) from

65. the same factors push wages and prices up together, the one _______ the other.

a) emphasizing b) reinforcing c) multiplying d) increasing

66. no one had told smith about _______ a lecture the following day.

a) there being b) there be c) there would be d) there was

67. operations which left patients _____ and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.

a) exhausted b) abandoned c) injured d) deserted

68. i was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived ______ susan caught up with me.

a) when b) while c) until d) though

69. _______ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn't go on with the experiment.

a) since b) for c) as d) with

70. the bed has been _______ in the family.it was my great-grandmother's originally.

a) handed out b) handed over c) handed down d) handed round

part ⅳ cloze (15 minutes)

directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage. for each blank there are four choices marked a) , b) , c) and d) on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line throught the centre.

for the past two years, i have been working on students' evaluation of classroom teaching. i have kept a record of informal conversations 71 some 300 students from at 72 twenty-one colleges and universities. the students were generally 73 and direct in their comments 74 how course work could be better 75 . most of their remarks were kindly 76 - with tolerance rather than bitterness-and frequently were softened by the 77 that the students were speaking 78 some, not all, instructors. nevertheless, 79 the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel 80 with things-as-they-are in the classroom.

professors should be 81 from reading lecture notes. ”it makes their 82 monotonous (单调的).“

if they are going to read, why not 83 out copies of the lecture? then we 84 need to go to class. professors should 85 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. ” 86 we've read the material, we want to 87 it or hear it elaborated on, 88 repeated.“ ”a lot of students hate to buy a 89 text that the professor has written 90 to have his lectures repeat it.“

71. a) involving b) counting c) covering d) figuring

72. a) best b) least c) length d) large

73. a) reserved b) hard-working c) polite d) frank

74. a) over b) at c) on d) of

75. a) presented b) submitted c) described d) written

76. a) received b) addressed c) made d) taken

77. a) occasion b) truth c) case d) fact

78. a) on b) about c) at d) with

79. a) though b) as c) whether d) if

80. a) dissatisfied b) unsatisfactory c) satisfied d) satisfactory

81. a) interfered b) interrupted c) discouraged d) disturbed

82. a) voices b) sounds c) pronunciation d) gestures

83. a) hold b) leave c) drop d) give

84. a) couldn't b) wouldn't c) mustn't d) shouldn't

85. a) refuse b) prohibit c) prevent d) avoid

86. a) once b) until c) however d) unless

87. a) remember b) argue c) discuss d) keep

88. a) yet b) not c) and d) or

89. a) desired b) revised c) required d) deserved

90. a) about b) how c) but d) only

part writing (30 minutes)

directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: how to succeed in a job interview?you should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in chinese below:

1 面试在求职过程中的作用

2 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……

how to succeed in a job interview?

201月大学英语四级考试试参考详细答案和录音文字材料[page]

年1月大学英语四级考试试卷录音文字材料

part ⅰ listening comprehension

section a

1.m:hi,jane,do you have some changes?i have to make a call on the payphone.

w:payphone?why not use my mobilephone?here you are.

q:what will the man most probably do?

2.m:can you tell me the title of this oil painting?

w:sorry,i don't know for sure,but i guess it is an early 18 century work.let me look it up in the catalog.

q:where does this conversation most probably take place?

3.m:i am worried about those classes i missed when i was sick.

w:i will try to bring you up today on what we've done.

q:what does the woman mean?

4.w:hey dan.i hear you're meeting susan's parents for the first time.

m:yeah,next weekend.fortunately,her father loves to fish,so we will have so mething to talk about.

q:what can be infered about dan?

5.w:professor white's presentation seemed to go on forever.i was barely able to stay awake.

m:how could you sleep through it?it is one of the best that i have ever heard on this topic.

q:what does the man think of professor white's presentation?

6.w:i am looking for quality paper to type my essay.i don't see any on the shelf.

m:i saw some in the stockroom this morning.i will go and check.

q:what does the woman want to buy?

7.m:it seems that we'll have another fine day tomorrow.let's go to the seaside.

w:o.k.but we'll have to leave very early,or else we'll get caught in the traffic.

q:what does the woman suggest?

8.m:do you know james?he is in your class.

w:certainly.in fact he was the first person i got to know in my class.i still remember the look on his face when he showed up late on the first day of school.

q:why did the woman remember james so well?

9.w:the man at the garage thinks that i take good care of my car.

m:so do i. i can't see any scratches on the outside,and the inside is clean ,too.

q:what does the man think of the woman's car?

10.m:wonderful day,isn't it? want to join me for a swim?

w:if you don't mind waiting while i get prepared.

q:what does the woman mean?

section b

passage one

a friend of mine told me that when he was a young man,he went to work as a teacher in one of the states of india.one day,he received an invitation to dinner at the ruler's palace.very pleased,he went to tell his colleagues.they laughed, and told him the meaning of the invitation.they had all been invited,and each person who was invited had to bring with him a certain number of silver and gold coins.the number of coins varied according to the person's position in the service of the government.my friend's income was not high,so he did not have much to pay.each person bowed before the ruler,his gold went onto one hip,his silver went onto another hip.and in this way he paid his income tax for the year.this was a simple way of collecting income tax.the tax on property was also collected simply.the ruler gave a man the power to collect a tax from each owner of land or property in a certain area,if this man promised to pay the ruler a certain amount of money.of course,the tax collector managed to collect more money than he paid to the ruler.the difference between the sum of money he collected and the sum of money he gave to the ruler was his profit.

11.what do we know about the speaker's friend?

12.what was the real purpose of the ruler's invitation?

13.what does the passage say about the tax collectors?

passage two

around the year 1000 a.d,some people from northwest india began to travel westward.nobody knows why.after leaving their homes,they did not settle down again,but spent their lives moving from one place to another,their later generations are called the romany people,or gypsies.there're gypsies all over the world,and many of them are still travelling with no fix homes.there are about 8,000,000 of them,including 3,000,000 in eastern europe.gypsies sometimes have a hard time in the countries where they travel,because they are different,people may be afraid of them,look down on them, or think that they are criminals. the nazies treated the gypsies cruelly,like the jews,and nobody knows how many of them died in hitler[page]

's deathcamps.gypsies have their own language romany.they liked music and dancing.and they often work in fairs and travelling shows.travelling is very importantto them,and many gypsies are unhappy if they have to stay in one place.becauseof this,it is difficult for gypsy children to go to school,and gypsies are often unable to read and write.in some places,the education authorities tried to arrange special travelling schools for gypsy children,so that they can get the same education as other children.

14.why did the ancestors of gypsies leave their home?

15.what is the attitude of some people toward gypsies?

16.what measure has been taken to help gypsy children?

passage three

as the car industry develops,traffic accidents have become as familiar as the common code.yet,their cause and control remain a serious problem that is difficult to solve.experts have long recognized that this discouraging problem has multiple causes.at the very least,it is a problem that involves three factors:the driver,the vehicle,and the roadway.if all drivers exercise good judgement at all times,there would be few accidents.but that is rather like saying that if all people were honest,there would be no crime.improved design has helped make highways much safer.but the type of accidents continued to rise because of human failure and an enormous increase in the numbers of automobiles on the road.attention is now turning increasingly to the third factor of the accident,the car itself.sincep eople assume that the accidents are bound to occur,they want to know how cars can be built better to protect the drivers.

17.what does the speaker think of the causes of automobile accidents?

18.what measure has been taken to reduce car accidents?

19.what remains an important factor for the rising number of road accidents?

20.what is the focus of people's attentions today according to the passage?

2001年1月大学英语四级考试试卷参考答案及详细解答

part i listening comprehension

1.c 2.a 3.a 4.c 5.b 6.d 7.a 8.d 9.b 10.b

11.d 12.c 13.c 14.b 15.a 16.c 17.d 18.a 19.b 20.d

part ii reading comprehension

21. 选a。文章第一句指出”如果不对狗进行恰当的训练，它们的行为以如同其它野生动物一样“可见狗的行为问题是由其本性所决定的，故选a。

22. 选c。文章开始就说明了狗的兽性和在未训练前所具有的破坏性，对于这种情况最好的是驯服它，也正是答案c表述的。

23. 选c。文章第二段最后一句说：狗与主人我最有效的交流是让狗知道，你想让它去做什么，很明显这需要一个好的方法，即答案c正确。

24. 选d。见第三段最后一句。

25. 选a。见最后一段最后一句。

26. 选b。文章第二段说明了作者想通过与文科生的交流拓宽自己的视野，并想成为一个完美的理科生，即科技与文学的结合，故答案b正确。

27. 选d。第二段第四句指出”我想通过与非理工科的人交往来拓展自己的眼界“与d项同意。

28. 选d。见第三段最后一段。

29. 选c。文章第一句作者说自己是个idealist即”理想主义者“c项的意思是不实际的，不现实。

30. 选a。此处的”they“指的是上文提到engineering and the liberal arts故选a。

31. 选b。从文章第一段第三句可以看出orchids的房子采用了很多energy conservation的措施，从这方面讲是无可挑剔的。

32. 选a。见第三段第一句。

33. 选c。accentuate意为”加重“在文中是”使…恶化“的意思，故选c。

34. 选b。见最后一段第二句。

35. 选c。本文主要在讲室内空气的污染问题，故选c。

36. 选d。文章第一句中deposit意为”订金“，故选d。

37. 选a。见第一段第三句。

38. 选b。根据第一段最后一句可见”二手塑料的用途很少“，因此如向它们变成有用的东西是处理回收的塑料饮料包装中的主要问题。

39. 选d。见最后一段第二句。

40. 选c。见最后一段最后一句。

part ⅲ vocabulary and structure

41. 选d。important要求that从句中要用虚拟。

42. 选a。adapt…to…意思是”使…适应…“

43. 选b。forget to do sth意为”忘记去做某事“（此事未做）；forget doing sth意为”忘记做过某事“（此事已做）

44. 选b。oblige sb to do sth强迫某个人做某事。

45. 选c。deny doing sth否认做过某事。

46. 选a。此题是一个名词独立主格，主语与judge是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。

47. 选b。keep up 获得；draw up 写catch up跟上。

48. 选b。turn up 露面；turn to 求助于…；turn on 打开；turn over思考

49. 选a。a）虽然 b）不管，不顾 c）因为 d）以防，故选a。

50. 选c。a）因为 b）曾经 c）虽然 d)以免，故选c。[page]

51. 选d。在印刷品中黑体的固定说法为bold type。

52. 选c。句中says后面需加一个宾语，而只有what可做关系代词。

53. 选c。mean to do sth打算

54. 选d。此处为定语从句that指物，作spent的宾语。

55. 选a。would rather do sth than do sth意为“宁愿…而不愿…”

56. 选c。a）写下，记下 b）熄灯，火 c）张贴 d）延期

57. 选b。本题意为”无论我们遇到什么样的困难，我们都会互相帮助克服困难“。

58. 选d。本题为独立主格结构，故选d。

59. 选b。a)事件 b）重大事件 c）事例 d）事务，业务

60. 选d。a）调后，转移； b）释放 c）流放 d）播送消息

61. 选b。a）没有这个短语 b）只要 c）万一，以防 d）以…而论

62. 选d。a）最小量 b）短的 c）很少，不经常 d）稀小

63. 选c。be reported to do 为固定用法意为”被报导…“

64. 选c。此处为定语从句介词 + which 结构；be comparable to为固定搭配意为”能与…相比较的“

65. 选b。a) 强调 b) 加强 c) 增加 d)使升高

66. 选a。此处为独立主格结构，做about的宾语。

67. 选a。a）精疲力竭的 b) 被废除的 c) 受伤的 d）被抛弃的

68. 选a。此处为时间状语从句。意”为susan赶上我时，我正在回妈妈居住的村子的半路上“

69. 选d。a）、b）、c）均为连词后面应该加句子。

70. 选c。a）分给 b）移交，让出 c）传给（后代）d）传递

part ⅳ cloze

71. 选a。此处意为”涉及大约300个学生至少21所高校的非正式谈话“

72. 选b。at least固定短语”至少“

73. 选d。a）含蓄的 b）努力的 c）礼貌的 d）坦白的

74. 选c。comment on 为固定搭配，意为”对…的评价“

75. 选a。present的意思是：to bring to sb's notice directly。

76. 选c。made mark 是固定搭配译为讲话

77. 选c。by the case译为“在…情况下”

78. 选b。speak + abont表论及；…涉及

79. 选b。此处意为”正如以下建议所暗示的…“

80. 选a。a）令我不满的 b）没有这个形容词 c）没有这个形容词 d）称心如意的

81. 选c。a）、b）、d）意思是”打扰“ c）不鼓励

82. 选a。a）噪音，说话的声音 b）声响，声音 c）发音 d）手势

83. 选d。give out 固定短语”分发“

84. 选d。should可代表有个人感情色彩，且表将来发生的事情的可能性

85. 选d。avoid doing sth避免做某事

86. 选a。此处意为”一旦我们读材料，我们希望讨论它或是听到详尽的说明，而不是简单的重复“。

87. 选c。 a）记住 b）争论，争吵 c）讨论 d）保存

88. 选b。参考86解释，故选择not。b为答案。

89. 选c。a） required text 必须的课本

90. 选d。此处意为”仅仅为了…"

part v writing(略)

篇9：1月大学英语四级CET4真题及答案

2005年1月8日四级试卷

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)

section a

example: you will hear:

you will read:

a) at the office.

b) in the waiting room.

c) at the airport.

d) in a restaurant.

from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. therefore, a) “at the office” is the best answer. you should choose [a] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.

sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]

1. a) the man enjoys traveling by car.

b) the man lives far from the subway.

c) the man is good at driving.

d) the man used to own a car.

2. a) tony should continue taking the course.

b) she approves of tony’s decision.

c) tony can choose another science course.

d) she can’t meet tony so early in the morning.

3. a) she has to study for the exam.

b) she is particularly interested in plays.

c) she’s eager to watch the new play.

d) she can lend her notes to the man.

4. a) they will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.

b) they will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.

c) they will continue to exist along with on-line education.

d) they will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.

5. a) most students would like to work for a newspaper.

b) most students find a job by reading advertisements.

c) most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.

d) most students don’t want jobs advertised in the newspapers.

6. a) move the washing machine to the basement.

b) turn the basement into a workshop.

c) repair the washing machine.

d) finish his assignment.

7. a) some students at the back cannot hear the professor.

b) the professor has changed his reading assignment.

c) some of the students are not on the professor’s list.

d) the professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.

8. a) she doesn’t want to talk about the contest.

b) she’s modest about her success in the contest.

c) she’s spent two years studying english in canada.

d) she’s very proud of her success in the speech contest.

9. a) talking about sports. c) reading newspapers.

b) writing up local news. d) putting up advertisements.

10. a) they shouldn’t change their plan.

b) they’d better change their mind.

c) the tennis game won’t last long.

d) weather forecasts are not reliable.

section b compound dictation

directions: in this section, you will hear a passage three times. when the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from si to s7 with the exact words you have just heard. for blanks numbered from s8 to s10 you are required to fill in the missing information. you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

there are a lot of good cameras available at the moment – most of these are made in japan but there are also good (s1) _____________ models from germany and the usa. we have (s2)_____________ a range of different models to see which is the best (s3)_____________ for money. after a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (s4) ____________ with the different cameras being assessed, our researchers (s5) _____________ the olympic by model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. it costs $200 although you may well want to spend more – (s6) _____________as much as another $200 – on buying (s7) _____________ lenses and other equipment. it is a good japanese camera, easy to use. (s8)____ _________________________________________________________[page]

whereas the american versions are considerably more expensive.

the olympic by model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit less than other cameras of a similar type. indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much. (s9)______________________________________ ______________________________. all the people we interviewed expressed almost total satisfaction with it.(s10)__________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)

direction: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b) c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

passage one

questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu（流感）may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.

the american lung association（ala）has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. that’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. as for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.

the common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. more than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses – flu a, b and c. there is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine（疫苗）, which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ala.

but if the flu does strike, quick action can help. although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.

cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. on the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. and in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.

the ala notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. it advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.

both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. however, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of reye syndrome（综合症），a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.

there is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. but frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.

11. according to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help _______.

a) shorten the duration of the illness

b) the patient buy medicine over the counter

c) the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugs

d) prevent people from catching colds and the flu

12. we learn from the passage that _______.

a) one doesn’t need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu

b) aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu

c) delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous system

d) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu

13. according to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, _______.

a) one should identify the virus which causes it

b) one should consult a doctor as soon as possible

c) one should take medicine upon catching the disease

d) one should remain alert when the disease is spreading

14. which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?

a) a stuffy nose. c) a sore throat.

b) a high temperature. d) a dry cough.[page]

15. if children have flu-like symptoms, their parents _______.

a) are advised not to give them aspirin

b) should watch out for signs of reye syndrome

c) are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccination

d) should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever

passage two

questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

in a time of low academic achievement by children in the united states, many americans are turning to japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. however, the answers provided by japanese preschools are not the ones americans expected to find. in most japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. in one investigation, 300 japanese and 210 american preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. only 2 percent of the japanese respondents（答问卷者）listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. in contrast, over half the american respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. to prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. the vast majority of young japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

in the recent comparison of japanese and american preschool education, 91 percent of japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented（强调个性发展的）americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. an emphasis on the importance of the group seen in japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.

like in america, there is diversity in japanese early childhood education. some japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. in large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. some japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some japanese kindergartens.

16. we learn from the first paragraph that many americans believe _______.

a) japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than american parents

b) japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

c) japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

d) japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

17. most americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to _______.

a) problem solving c) parental guidance

b) group experience d) individually-oriented development

18. in japan’s preschool education, the focus is on _______.

a) preparing children academically

b) developing children’s artistic interests

c) tapping children’s potential

d) shaping children’s character

19. free play has been introduced in some japanese kindergartens in order to _______.

a) broaden children’s horizon c) lighten children’s study load

b) cultivate children’s creativity d) enrich children’s knowledge

20. why do some japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

a) they can do better in their future studies.

b) they can accumulate more group experience there.

c) they can be individually oriented when they grow up.

d) they can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

passage three

questi0ns 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960’s and 70’s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the united states. in the twenty years that the clean air act has mandated unleaded gas use in the united states, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.[page]

a study published recently in the journal nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the united states were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in greenland. the new study is a result of the continued research led by dr. charles boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the national center for scientific research in france. a study by dr. boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic（北极的）snow were declining.

in his new study, dr. boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the united states were different from the ratios of european, asian and canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate（区分）the lead sources. the dominant lead ratio found in greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the united states.

in a study published in the journal ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the northeastern united states had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.

many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.

the authors of the ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in new england, new york and pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. the forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.

scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem（生态系统）respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.

21. the study published in the journal nature indicates that _______.

a) the clean air act has not produced the desired results

b) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increase

c) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected

d) the us is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow

22. lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the us ________.

a) was discouraged c) was prohibited by law

b) was enforced by law d) was introduced

23. how did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in greenland?

a) by analyzing the data published in journals like nature and ambio.

b) by observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.

c) by studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in northeastern america.

d) by comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.

24. the authors of the ambio study have found that _______.

a) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected

b) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with

c) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the us

d) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions

25. it can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists _______.

a) are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollution

b) feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasoline

c) still consider lead pollution a problem

d) lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution

passage four

questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average american, who would rather try switching to “light” beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. the centers for disease control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.

in rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious danish pastry（小甜饼）. even exercise professionals concede half a point here. “exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight,” says york onnen, program director of the president’s council on physical fitness and sports.[page]

still, exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. a study at the boston university medical center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.

if you have been sedentary（极少活动的）and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. in a year’s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. by increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.

26. what is said about the average american in the passage?

a) they tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of “light” beer.

b) they usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.

c) they prefer “light” beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.

d) they know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.

27. some people dislike exercise because _______.

a) they think it is physically exhausting

b) they find it hard to exercise while on a diet

c) they don’t think it possible to walk 3 miles every day

d) they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome

28. “even exercise professionals concede half a point here” (line 3, para. 2) means “they _______”.

a) agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise

b) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction

c) are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one’s new weight

d) are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight

29. what was confirmed by the boston university medical center’s study?

a) controlling one’s calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.

b) even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.

c) weight reduction is impossible without exercise.

d) one could lose ten pounds in a year’s time if there’s no increase in food intake.

30. what is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

a) to justify the study of the boston university medical center.

b) to stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.

c) to support the statement made by york onnen.

d) to show the most effective way to lose weight.

part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)

directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

31. the machine looked like a large, ______, old-fashioned typewriter.

a) forceful c) intense

b) clumsy d) tricky

32. though she began her ______ by singing in a local pop group, she is now a famous hollywood movie star.

a) employment c) occupation

b) career d) profession

33. within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to ______ with the local police

a) inquire c) register

b) consult d) resolve

34. considering your salary, you should be able to ______ at least twenty dollars a week.

a) put forward c) put out

b) put up d) put aside

35. as he has ______ our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.

a) torn c) exhausted

b) wasted d) consumed

36. these teachers try to be objective when they ______ the integrated ability of their students.

a) justify c) indicate

b) evaluate d) reckon

37. mrs. morris’s daughter is pretty and ______, and many girls envy her.

a) slender c) faint

b) light d) minor

38. tomorrow the mayor is to ______ a group of canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.

a) coordinate c) accompany

b) cooperate d) associate

39. i’m ______ enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams.

a) realistic c) aware

b) conscious d) radical

40. can you give me even the ______ clue as to where her son might be?

a) simplest c) least

b) slightest d) utmost

41. norman davis will be remembered by many with ______ not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightful and faithful friend.[page]

a) kindness c) warmth

b) friendliness d) affection

42. salaries for ______ positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.

a) legal c) voluntary

b) optional d) temporary

43. most people agree that the present role of women has already affected u.s. society. ______, it has affected the traditional role of men.

a) above all c) at most

b) in all d) at last

44. science and technology have ______ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.

a) attached c) contributed

b) assisted d) witnessed

45. as an actor he could communicate a whole ______ of emotions.

a) frame c) number

b) range d) scale

46. this is what you should bear in mind: don’t ______ a salary increase before you actually get it.

a) hang on c) wait on

b) draw on d) count on

47. the ship’s generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ______ instead of mechanically.

a) artificially c) manually

b) automatically d) synthetically

48. the little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn’t ______ her grip on my arm.

a) loosen c) relieve

b) remove d) dismiss

49. he never arrives on time and my ______ is that he feels the meetings are useless.

a) preference c) inference

b) conference d) reference

50. mrs. smith was so ______ about everything that no servants could please her.

a) specific c) precise

b) special d) particular

51. last night he saw two dark ______ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

a) features c) sketches

b) figures d) images

52. it is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without ______.

a) exception c) modification

b) exclusion d) substitution

53. his temper and personally show that he can become a soldier of the top ______.

a) circle c) category

b) rank d) grade

54. during the lecture, the speaker occasionally ______ his point by relating his own experiences.

a) illustrated c) cited

b) hinted d) displayed

55. only those who can ______ to lose their money should make high-risk investments.

a) maintain c) endure

b) sustain d) afford

56. he found the ______ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.

a) sufficient c) steady

b) constant d) plenty

57. there has been a collision ______ a number of cars on the main road to town.

a) composing c) involving

b) consisting d) engaging

58. ______ elephants are different from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.

a) cultivated c) civil

b) regulated d) tame

59. ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to ______.

a) resign c) retreat

b) reject d) replace

60. as one of the world’s highest paid models, she had her face ______ for five million dollars.

a) deposited c) measured

b) assured d) insured

part iv cloze (15 minutes)

wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. the __61__ you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually __62__ you money or can add __63__ the cost.

take the __64__ example of a hairdryer. if you are buying a hairdryer, you might __65__ that you are making the __66__ buy if you choose one __67__ look you like and which is also the cheapest __68__ price. but when you get it home you may find that it __69__ twice as long as a more expensive __70__ to dry your hair. the cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well __71__ your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.

so what principles should you __72__ when you go out shopping?

if you __73__ your home, your car or any valuable __74__ in excellent condition, you’ll be saving money in the long __75__.

before you buy a new __76__, talk to someone who owns one. if you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular __77__.

before you buy an expensive __78__, or a service, do check the price and __79__ is on offer. if possible, choose __80__ three items or three estimates.[page]

61. a) form b) fashion c) way d) method

62. a) save b) preserve c) raise d) retain

63. a) up b) to c) in d) on

64. a) easy b) single c) simple d) similar

65. a) convince b) accept c) examine d) think

66. a) proper b) best c) reasonable d) most

67. a) its b) which c) whose d) what

68. a) for b) with c) in d) on

69. a) spends b) takes c) lasts d) consumes

70. a) mode b) copy c) sample d) model

71. a) cause b) make c) leave d) prove

72. a) adopt b) lay c) stick d) adapt

73. a) reserve b) decorate c) store d) keep

74. a) products b) possession c) material d) ownership

75. a) run b) interval c) period d) time

76. a) appliance b) equipment c) utility d) facility

77. a) function b) purpose c) goal d) task

78. a) component b) element c) item d) particle

79. a) what b) which c) that d) this

80. a) of b) in c) by d) from

part v writing (30 minutes)

directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in chinese:

1. 你认为自己具备了什么条件（能力、性格、爱好等）可以胜任学生会主席的工作

2. 如果当选，你将为本校同学做些什么

a campaign speech

section a

1.d) the man used to own a car

2.a) tony should continue taking the course.

3.a) she has to study for the exam.

4.c) they will continue to exist along with on-line education.

5.b) most students find a job by reading advertisements.

6.d) finish his assignment.

7.c) some of the students are not on the professor's list.

8.b) she's modest about her success in the contest.

9.c) reading newspapers.

10.a) they shouldn't change their plan.

section b compound dictation

s1. quality

s2. investigated

s3. value

s4. familiar

s5. recommend

s6. perhaps

s7. additional

s8. equivalent german models tend to be heavier and slightly less easy to use.

s9. similarly, it is smaller than most of its competitors, thus fitting easily into a pocket or a handbag.

s10. the only problem was slight awkwardness in loading the film.

partⅱ reading comprehension

11.a) shorten the duration of the illness

12.d) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu

13.c) one should take medicine upon catching the disease

14.b) a high temperature

15.a) are advised not to give them aspirin

16.c) japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

17.b) group experience

18.d) shaping children's character

19.c) lighten children's study load

20.d) they can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

21.d) the us is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow

22.b) was enforced by law

23.d) by comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.

24.a) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected

25.c) still consider lead pollution a problem

26.b) they usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.

27.b) they find it hard to exercise while on a diet

28.b) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction

29.c) weight reduction is impossible without exercise.

30.d) to show the most effective way to lose weight.

part ⅲ vocabulary

31.b) clumsy 32.b) career 33.c) register 34.d) put aside 35.c) exhausted

36.b) evaluate 37.a) slender 38.c) accompany 39.b) conscious 40.b) slightest

41.d) affection 42.d) temporary 43.a) above all 44.c) contributed 45.b) range

46.d) count on 47.c) manually 48.a) loosen 49.c) inference 50.d) particular

51.b) figures 52.a) exception 53.b) rank 54.a) illustrated 55.d) afford

56.b) constant 57.c) involving 58.d) tame 59.a) resign 60.d) insured

part iv cloze

61. c)way 62. a)save 63. b)to 64. c)simple 65. d)think 66. b)best 67. b)whose

68. c)in 69. b)takes 70. d)model 71. b)make 72. a)adopt 73. d)keep

74. b)possession 75. a)run 76. a)appliance 77. b)purpose 78. c)item

79. a)what 80. d)from

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