以下是小编给大家收集的陈老师课堂点拨高主谓，本文共6篇，欢迎大家前来参阅。
篇1：陈老师课堂点拨高主谓
<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语语法
Subject-Verb Agreement 主谓一致
1. 当名词词组的中心词表示度量,时间,长度,价值等名词做主语时,往往看作
一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式. E.g. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Twenty years in prison was the punishment he had to pay.
2. 主语是表示“全体、部分、许多、种类”等名词或代词时，如：all，most，
half，the rest，the last等，谓语动词单复数要根据上下文的意义来决定。E.g. All goes well. All are eager to reach an agreement. Half of the building was destroyed. Half of the students are boys. The rest of the lecture is interesting. The rest of the bikes are on sale today. The last of the bread is gone.
3. 加减乘除四则运算时,谓语一般用单数. E.g. Five plus five is ten. Fifteen minus three is 12. Two times three is six. Fifteen divided by three is five. **** 两数相加,谓语用单复数都可以. 两数相乘,谓语用单复数都可以. E.g. Five and five make / makes ten. Six times seven is / are forty-two.
4. 主语是分数词,百分比后边跟of + n.时,根据of 之后的名词的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数. E.g. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. Forty percent of the people are against the plan.
5. 主语为“many a +单数可数名词”,“more than one +单数可数名词”, 尽管意义上为复数,谓语动词用单数形式. E.g. There is more than one answer to your question. Many a man has died for the cause of the revolution. Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.
6. one of + 复数名词 + who / that / which 引导的定语从句中, 关系代词who, that. which 的先行词是复数名词而不是one, 从句中动词用复数形式. E.g. Tom is one of the few people who have learnt English for six years. This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. **** 如果one 之前有the only, the last, the right等词语来修饰时, 定语从句中的动词用单数形式. E.g. Jane is the only one of the youngest girls who plays in the band.(乐队)
7. 由and, both…and…连接的两个单数名词做主语时,动词用复数. E.g. My father and mother are teachers of physics. Basketball and swimming are usually summer sports. Plastics and rubber never rot. What he says and what he does don’t agree. Both rice and cotton grow well in this area. **** 但是: A and B做并列主语时,在意义上指同一个人, 或同一个事物, 同一个概念时,动词用单数. E.g. Your friend and adviser has agreed to lend me his money. Whiskey and soda is always my favorite drink. There is a knife and fork on the table. A cart and horse was seen in the distance. War and peace is a constant theme in history. Bread and butter is our daily food. The singer and dancer is to attend our evening.
8. 并列主语中 each…and each…; every…and every…; no…and no…之后谓语用
1．
单数形式. E.g. Each boy and each girl was congratulated. Every flower and every bush is to be cut down. No teacher and no student has come yet.
9. 并列连词 or, either…or, neither…nor…, not only… but also…引导的名词做并列主语时,通常用就近性原则来确定动词的单复数. E.g. Neither you nor I am right. Not only the teacher but (also) his students are against the plan.
10. 当主语的后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, not, except, rather than, more than, no less than(不亚于, 和……一样)等引导的词组时,谓语动词看前面的名词是单数还是复数来确定. E.g. Nobody but Hsiao Li and Hsiao Wang was there. A woman with two children is coming up to us. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. Tom, more than anyone else, is anxious to go there again. The girl, as well as the boys, has learnt to ride.
11. 主语从句,不定式短语,动名词短语做主语时,谓语常用单数. E.g. Whether he’ll come or not is uncertain. Playing with fire is dangerous. To see once is better than to hear a hundred times. To see something is one thing, to do it is another. **** 但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。What I saw are two books.
12. 某些集体名词如：class, crowd ;family, public; team, school…做主语时,看作整
体时,谓语用单数;看作个体时,谓语用复数. E.g. The crowd were deeply moved. The public are strongly against the policy. The football team is playing well. The football team are having baths. Her family has moved to the south. Her family all live together. Class Three are having an English class.
13. neither和 none做主语时,看意义来定谓语的单复数. E.g. None of the books are / is easy enough for us. Neither of them has / have replied.
14. 带有-ics的复数形式的名词做主语时,表示学科的名称时,动词常用单数.如:
mathematics, physics, politics, economics… E.g. Mathematics is a difficult science. Physics makes much use of mathematics.
15. 某些表示用具的复数名词glasses, clothes, trousers 做主语时, 谓语用复数。 E.g. My trousers are being washed. Where are your glasses? **** 但是, 如果前面有a / the pair of；a / the suit of等词语时，则谓语要用单数。 E.g. That pair of glasses was lying on the desk.---A suit of clothes was lying on the table.
16. “the + 形容词 / 分词”做主语时,动词用复数. E.g. The wounded are to be taken care of. The living must finish the tasks that the dead haven’t finished. **** 但是:如果表示一个人或抽象概念时,谓语用单数. E.g. The dead was his father, who left him a lot of money.
17. 某些形容词与定冠词连用时,表示抽象概念时,谓语常用单数.如: the beautiful, the good, the impossible, the unknown… E.g. The beautiful lives forever. The impossible has often proved possible.
18. everyone, everybody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody,
everything, anything, nothing等做主语时谓语常用单数形式。E.g. Everybody is ready now, aren’t they? Everything is ready, isn’t it ?
2．
篇2：陈老师课堂练习高主谓
<<陈老师课堂>>三十分钟作业 高三英语语法
Subject-Verb Agreement 主谓一致
( ) .1. The iron and steel industry the key link in socialist production.
A. is B. be C. are D. were
( ) .2. What they need at present science and technology.
A. is B. has C. are D. were
( ) .3. That they were wrong in these matters now clear to us all.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( ) .4. Reading books one wise. A. make B. makes C. get
( ) .5. About 40 percent of the population of that country on farms.
A. live B. stays C. lives D. is
( ) .6. The number of college students every year.
A. rise B. rises C. raise D. raises
( ) .7. Half of his goods stolen the other day. A. were B. is C. was
( ) .8. Four – fifth of the wheat in the room good.
A. is B. have been C. are D. were
( ) .9. In that country the rich getting richer and richer.
A. is B. are C. become D. have
( ) 10. Every means tried to save the patient’s life.
A. have B. has C. have been D. has been
( ) 11. Mathematics the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
( ) 12. The singer and the dancer come to the meeting.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
( ) 13. The two things that you can’t buy with money love and health.
A. are B. is C. was
( ) 14. All but one here just now. A. was B. have been C. were
( ) 15. Nobody but Smith and John in the lab yesterday.
A. was B. were C. have been D. had been
( ) 16. In our country, every boy and every girl the right to education.
A. have B. has C. are to have D. are going to have
( ) 17. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest more difficult.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 18. Five of us will go to see the film. The rest to stay at home.
A. is B. are C. has been D. will
( ) 19. either of your parents come to see you recently?
A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is
( ) 20. Neither of them to go there. A. wants B. want C. looks forward
( ) 21. Each of the students a Chinese-English dictionary.
1.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
( ) 22. None of these materials conductors. A. has B. is C. are
( ) 23. Neither you nor I good at singing. Let’s ask someone else to sing
at the party. A. are B. were C. was D. am
( ) 24. Not only Jack but also Tom and I interested in English.
A. are B. is C. am D. have
( ) 25. Either you or I going to the teacher’s office after class.
A. am B. is C. are D. will
( ) 26. Eleven francs not enough for the new bike.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
( ) 27. Ten years only a short period of time in the history of mankind.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
( ) 28. Twenty miles a long distance. A. is B. are C. have
( ) 29. They each a new dictionary. A. is B. has C. are D. have
( ) 30. A scientist, together with some assistants, to help in the work.
A. were sent B. was sent C. sent D. send
( ) 31. Russian, as well as Chinese, not easy to master.
A. is B. are C. both are D. all are
( ) 32. There a great many people at the sports meet yesterday.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 33. One or two soldiers been killed in the battle. A. has B. have C. was
( ) 34. The engineer found that her problem and his similar.
A. were B. was C. are D. is
( ) 35. It is I who leaving for London. A. is B. am C. will
( ) 36. The Arabian Nights a good book. A. is B. has C. are D. have
( ) 37. This pair of trousers too long for him. A. is B. be C. are D. were
( ) 38. The following some other examples. A. are B. is C. was D. were
( ) 39. This kind of exercises quite easy. A. seem B. seems C. is seemed
( ) 40. Many a student going to be examined in the hospital.
A. is B. are C. will D. be
Key to Subject-Verb Agreement:
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C
15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B
22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. A
29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
36. A 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. A
篇3：陈老师课堂点拨高非谓2
<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语语法
Non-verbs form非谓语动词（2）
非谓语动词是高中英语语法教学中难度最大的一个项目.它的重点与难点要具体从动词不定式,动名词和分词三个方面来进行探讨. 今天探讨动名词.
动名词在句中做主语
动名词在句子中做主语，一般表示抽象化的概念。
在疑问句中做主语要用动名词，不能用动词不定式。
在there为先行词的句子中用 “no + 动名词” 做主语。
用it做形式主语的形容词或名词有：use；good；pity；fun；funny．E.g.
Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language．
Studying abroad is very difficult in the first few months．
Can playing music records make cows give more milk？
Looking after patients is a nurse’s work．
It is no use / good having a car if you can’t drive．
It is no good / use helping him．He doesn’t help himself．
There is no joking about such matters．
There is no denying the fact．
There is no hiding of evil but not to do it．
There is no saying what may happen．
动名词在句中做表语
动名词在句子中做表语，为泛指意义的动作。E.g.
My job is teaching the students English．
My favorite sport is playing tennis．
What I thought most was going abroad for further study．
Reading is learning and applying is also learning．
The real problem is getting to know the needs of the students．
动名词在句中做定语
动名词做定语只能放在名词之前，说明该名词的性能或用途，不表示动作，被修饰的名词与动名词之间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系。E.g.
a walking stick；a hiding place；a racing bicycle；a sailing boat；a dancing hall；a reading room；a writing desk；a sleeping car；a waiting room；cooking salt；building material；drinking water；working methods；
1.
动名词在句中做宾语
动名词在句中做宾语, 表示经常的，抽象的动作。E.g.
You should consider giving up smoking．
I really can’t help getting excited when I see her．
My wife suggested spending the weekend with her parents．
Miss Wang avoided meeting her former boy-friend Xiao Li．
跟动名词做宾语的动词及短语
下列动词及短语只能跟动名词做宾语：admit；advise；allow；appreciate；approve；avoid；complete；consider；delay；dislike；encourage；enjoy；ensure；escape；excuse；fancy；finish；forbid；forgive；imagine；include；justify；keep；mind；miss；overlook；pardon；picture；postpone；practise；prevent；propose；recommend；reject；report；require；resist；risk；suggest；understand；burst out；can’t help；can’t stand；feel like；give up；go on；insist on；instead of；keep on；
leave off；object to；put off；leave off；look forward to；devote to；be used to；
lead to；get down to；pay attention to；stick to；refer to；point to；turn to；equal to；belong to；E.g.
He admitted taking those books．
Mr. Smith suggested going to the beach．
She excused my not doing the work．
You should consider giving up smoking．
I don’t feel like going to the cinema tonight．
We are looking forward to hearing from you．
He went to Beijing instead of going to Shanghai．
They couldn’t help laughing after hearing my explanation．
I appreciate her devoting herself to the cause of education．
接动名词或不定式所表示的意义完全不同
一些动词后面接动名词和接动词不定式所表示的意义完全不同 E.g.
1. He stopped talking．他停止讲话。
He stopped to talk．他停下来讲话。
2. I regret not to see the film with you．我很遗憾不能和你一块儿去看电影。
I regret telling him the news．我后悔告诉了他那个消息。
3. I can’t help doing it．我忍不住做了那件事。
I can’t help to do it．我不能帮忙做那件事。
4. Please remember to post the letters．请记住把这些信发出去。
I remember posting your letters．我记得把你的信发出去了。
5. I hate smoking．我讨厌抽烟。
2.
I hate to smoke．我不爱抽烟。
6. What do you mean to do？你打算干什么呢？
What he said means refusing us．他说的话意味着拒绝我们。
7. She proposed catching the early train．她建议赶早班火车。
She proposed to catch the early train．她打算赶早班火车。
8. You may try cleaning it with petrol．你可以试试用汽油清洗它。
I tried to open the door, but couldn’t．我试图打开门，但打不开。
动名词主动形式代表被动内涵的情况
可用动名词主动形式代表被动内涵的形容词有：worth；
可用动名词主动形式代表被动内涵的动词有：need；want；deserve；repay；require；bear；take(需要)；stand(承受)；E.g.
The house needs repairing．
The job will take noticing a lot．
The situation requires careful handling．
This book repays reading and re-reading．
This book is worth reading and re-reading．
动名词的复合结构
动名词有自己的逻辑主语。其构成规律是： 1). 当其逻辑上的主语是有生命的名词时，用名词或代词的所有格。(说明：当动名词做主语时,其逻辑主语只用所有格；而当动名词做宾语时，其逻辑主语也可以用普通格)。 2). 当其逻辑上的主语是无生命的名词或抽象概念时，只能用普通格。 3). 逻辑主语是以s结尾的名词或是一个以上的名词构成的词组，只能用普通格。 4). 逻辑主语是数词，指示代词或是不定代词this；that；someone；somebody；anybody；nobody等时，只能用普通格。E.g.
His leaving is a great lose．
He has never heard of a woman being a pilot．
My wife disliked my / me working late．
I don’t like Jack and Tom speaking ill of each other．
Is there any hope our team winning the match？
He was awakened by somebody shouting outside．
动名词的否定式
动名词的否定式通常是将not，never放在动名词之前。当动名词前面有逻辑主语时，not要放在逻辑主语与动名词之间。
I’m sure of him not coming on time．
Mary’s never coming made her teacher very angry．
3.
篇4：陈老师课堂点拨高非谓3
<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语语法
Non-verbs form非谓语动词（3）
非谓语动词是高中英语语法教学中难度最大的一个项目.它的重点与难点要具体从动词不定式,动名词和分词三个方面来进行探讨. 今天探讨分词.
动词的现在分词形式有两种类型, 即: 一般式和完成式
动词现在分词的一般式是在动词原形的基础上加上词尾-ing (动词原形词尾有e的，要去掉e后再加-ing)。例如：working，knowing，writing，having，studying， saying，taking等。它所表示的动作通常和谓语动作同时进行的。
动词现在分词的完成式用 “having + 动词的过去分词”构成。例如：having
written，having worked，having studied，having known，having discovered，having taken等。它所表示的动作通常在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成了。
动词的过去分词形式只有一种类型
规则动词的过去分词是在动词原形的基础上加上词尾-ed (动词原形的词尾有e的，只要加上d)。例如：cooked，worked，asked，moved，developed，surprised，called，washed，returned，escaped等。
现在分词的被动语态形式及其用法:
及物动词现在分词一般式的被动语态用“being + v-ed”构成。
及物动词现在分词完成式的被动语态用“having + been + 动词v-ed”构成。
不及物动词的现在分词没有被动语态形式。
如果现在分词与句子的主语是主动关系，现在分词就用主动形式。如果现在
分词与句子的主语是被动关系，现在分词就用被动形式。现在分词的被动形式常常用做定语，状语及宾语补足语。E.g.
The building being repaired is our library.
He asked who is the man being operated on
You will find the topic being discussed everywhere.
As we came near the village, we saw many new houses being built.
Being asked to give a talk, she couldn’t very well refuse.
Having been given such a good chance, how could he miss it?
过去分词和现在分词的区别:
过去分词表被动，现在分词表主动；
1.
Seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful.
Seeing nobody around, the thief stole into the room.
过去分词表示动作已经完成，现在分词表示动作正在进行；
rising sun，risen sun，developing country，developed country。
All the trees planted in the garden are alive.
The man planting trees in the garden is his uncle.
现在分词有多种形式，而过去分词只有一种形式；
分词做表语：
分词做表语时，现在分词往往表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词往往表示主语所处的状态。
The music is pleasing to the ears.
The film is frightening.
This article is well written.
They are satisfied with their present job.
The girls looked frightened when they saw the snake.
能够用于表语的分词常见的有：
amusing有趣的，astonishing令人惊讶的，confusing迷惑的，discouraging令人丧气的，disappointing令人扫兴的，encouraging令人鼓舞的，promising大有希望的，exciting令人兴奋的，interesting有趣的，missing不见的，moving动人的，promising大有希望的，shocking令人震惊的，puzzling莫名其妙的，surprising令人奇怪的，broken破碎的，moved感动的，tired疲劳的。
分词做定语：
现在分词做定语表示动作正在进行。
a waiting taxi一辆正在等人的出租车，a walking child走路的孩子，an interesting story有趣的故事，a sleeping boy睡觉的男孩，the boiling water沸水，working people劳动人民。
Do you know the man talking to the headmaster?
A girl looking after his small children can get 500 yuan a month from him.
完成式的现在分词短语不能用做定语。
过去分词作定语表示动作已经完成。
a piece of burnt paper一张烤焦了的纸，a fallen leave一片落叶，a developed country发达国家，boiled water开水，a fallen tree一棵倒下的树，a pleased
2.
look / expression满意的表情，a devoted friend忠实的朋友，a troubled place是非之地。
分词作定语的几种情况：
分词作定语修饰复合不定代词something，everything，anything，nothing，
nobody等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词之后
There is nothing doing!
He is one of those involved.
Is there anything unsolved?
There’s almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.
分词短语要放在被修饰的名词之后。
Those were the problems puzzling her day and night.
Do you know the number of people coming to the party?
The book written by him is very popular.
This is a letter written in blue ink.
The girl dressed in red is my daughter.
过去分词作定语时，及物动词的过去分词可改为被动语态的定语从句。
lost time---time which is lost
a well-known artist---an artist who is well-known
不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，可改为完成时态或表状态的定语从句。
a returned soldier---a soldier who has returned
retired workers---workers who have retired
分词做宾语补足语：
现在分词做宾补表示正在进行的主动意义，过去分词做宾补则表示已经完成的被动意义。感觉动词feel，find，hear，smell，catch，notice，watch，observe，see，look at，listen to以及有些使役动词如have，send，leave，set，get，keep等都可以接现在分词或过去分词做宾补。例如:
I hear someone knocking at the door.
What he said set me thinking carefully.
On the way home , I saw Tom changing the tyre of his car.
I’ll have the taxi waiting at the entrance.
I can smell something burning in the room.
I won’t have you saying such a thing to your mother.
They had their ears hurt by the noise of the machines.
3.
They had their houses damaged in the earthquake.
We ought to have her examined by the doctor.
When he fell off his bike, he had his legs hurt.
分词做状语：
表伴随情况: 分词短语做伴随状语位于句尾。在功能上相当于并列谓语。
They sat in the garden, talking about the days they spent together.
She stood there waiting for the bus.
He turned away disappointed.
The teacher went out of the classroom, followed by his students.
Laughing and talking, they went into the park.
表原因: 分词短语做原因状语一般位于句首。功能上相当于原因状语从句。 Being ill, he couldn’t come to school today.
Not knowing English, she couldn’t understand the film.
Not having received a reply he decided to write another letter.
Disturbed by the noise, he turned off the radio.
Moved by Lei Feng’s examples, they did countless good deeds.
表时间: 分词短语做时间状语一般位于句首。功能上相当于时间状语从句。
Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see a beautiful park.
Hearing the news, they were much surprised.
Having finished the work, they had a rest.
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
表条件: 分词短语做条件状语一般位于句首。功能上相当于条件状语从句。
Having time, I’ll come and help you.
Thinking it over carefully, you’ll take the job.
Given more time, we can finish the work successfully.
Given better condition, the crops could have grown better.
表结果: 分词短语做结果状语一般位于句尾。功能上相当于结果状语从句。
His wife died, leaving him with three children.
He hit a parked car, thus breaking one of his legs.
表让步: 分词短语做让步状语一般位于句首。功能上相当于让步状语从句。
Being ill, he still came to school today.
Though having a lot of money, he is unhappy.
Whether supported or not, I’ll go on with it.
The dog remained faithful to its owner through treated badly.
4.
学好分词的关键--掌握分词的逻辑主语
分词作定语时，逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词：E.g.
exciting news，rolling stones，boiling water，disappointed boys，wounded soldier，the locked door，boiled water，improved conditions。
分词作状语时，逻辑主语是句子中的主语：E.g.
Knowing English well, he translated the article without much difficulty.
Heated, water changes into steam.
= When water is heated，it changes into steam.
分词作宾语补足语时，逻辑主语是它前面的宾语：
We often hear the girl singing in English.
We often hear the song sung in English.
分词作表语时，逻辑主语是句子中的主语：
The news was encouraging.
We were encouraged at the news.
It sounds exciting.
We all felt excited.
分词构成独立主格结构
表示时间(相当于状语从句)
Spring coming on, the trees turned green.
Our work having been finished, we went home.
The signal given, the bus started.
表示原因
It being Sunday, the library was closed.
There being no buses, we had to walk home.
The key having been lost, he could not enter the room.
With the child leading the way, they had no trouble in finding the house.
表示条件
Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace.
表示伴随情况或补充说明
I have bought a new coat, the old one being worn out.
Liu Hulan died for the people, her deeds touching the hearts of the people.
5.
篇5：陈老师课堂点拨高非谓1
<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语语法
Non-verbs form非谓语动词（1）
非谓语动词是高中英语语法教学中难度最大的一个项目.它的重点与难点要具体从动词不定式,动名词和分词三个方面来进行探讨. 今天探讨动词不定式.
动词不定式的句法功能
动词不定式在句子中可以做主语，表语，宾语，定语，状语和宾语补足语。做主语或宾语时，经常用it来做形式主语或形式宾语。E.g.
主语：To say something is one thing, to do it is another. To get up early is good for you. It is necessary to learn English well. It is difficult to know oneself.
表语：His duty is to keep the room clean. My wish is to be an engineer.
宾语：He offered to help us. I think it necessary to learn English well. Do remem- ber to post the letter for me this afternoon. . He pretended not to see me.
定语：I have many homework to do this evening. She has two babies to look after.
状语：We hurried the school to find nobody there. Food must be kept in a refrige- rator to keep fresh. He is too tired to walk on.
宾补：At the party we asked her to sing that song. Wang Fang advised me to accept her offer.
动词不定式的时态与语态
让我们以动词take为例；
动词不定式的一般式是to take，它的被动语态形式是to be taken，它所表示的动作通常和谓语动作同步或在谓语动作之后发生；E.g.
I plan to attend the meeting.
I believe him to be a Chinese teacher.
This box is too heavy to be lifted.
His father disappeared, never to be heard from again.
动词不定式的完成式是to have taken，它的被动语态形式是to have been taken，它所表示的动作通常先于谓语动作之前发生；E.g.
He is said that to have been working in that factory for twenty years.
I intended to have come to see you. .
I am sorry to have taken up so much of your time.
I expected to have finished the book by the end of the year.
1.
That book is said to have been translated into many foreign languages.
动词不定式的进行式是to be taking，它没有被动语态形式，它所表示的动作通常和谓语动作同时发生；E.g.
They seemed to be talking about something interesting.
I hate to be lying in bed like this while other students are having class.
动词不定式不带to的情况
动词feel; hear; notice; observe; see; watch; have; let; make等后面的宾语补足语如果是动词不定式, 不带to, 但如果变成被动结构,就必须带to。E.g.
I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song.
We heard you sing this song. You were heard to sing this song.
A student saw the thief enter the office. The thief was seen to enter the office.
Mr.Ma made Lily do her work again. Lily was made to do her work again.
The boss made the workers work ten hours a day. The workers were made to work ten hours a day.
动词不定式在介词but, except, beside后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后面的动词不定式不带to。反之，就要带to。E.g.
I have no choice but to act on his advice.
He desired nothing but to succeed.
He did nothing last night but watch TV.
There is nothing for me to do but wait.
Mary did nothing except clean her clothes.
I had nothing to do besides answer their questions then.
在would rather…than…, would sooner…than…, had rather…than…, had sooner…than…, rather than等结构的than后面的动词不定式不带to。 E.g.
I would rather not drink anything.
They would rather die than surrender.
They would sooner die than surrender.
They had rather die than surrender.
They had sooner die than surrender.
在cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but等结构的but后面的动词不定式不带to。E.g.
I cannot help but be sorry.
I cannot but admire his courage.
There was no bus that day. I couldn’t choose but stay there for another night.
2.
如果主语部分含有动词do的形式，做表语的动词不定式不带to。E.g.
What I want to do is run a foreign language school.
John cannot do anything but ask silly questions
What he wanted to do was wash his hands off it.
What he did to the matter was keep silent.
The only thing I could do was go there alone.
The first thing for them to do is collect enough money and grain.
The first thing I did on my return to my hometown was visit my teachers.
动词不定式的复合结构
动词不定式的复合结构有两种情况： 1). It + be + adj. + of sb. to do sth.; 2). It + be + adj. + for sb. to do sth.；那么我们怎样去选择呢？也就是说选择for或of的理由是什么呢？当句子中的形容词表示的是人的性质或特征时，我们用of；当句子中的形容词表示的是后面的动词不定式的性质时，我们用for。E.g.
* This passage is too hard for me to understand.
It is easy for you to say so; you haven’t got to make the decision.
It is impossible for you to finish the task in five minutes.
It is necessary for us to learn English well.
* It is wise of you to give up smoking.
It is clever of you to guess right.
It’s very kind of you to help me with my English.
动词不定式的疑问结构
动词不定式可以与疑问词who, which, what, how, when, where连用, 构成动词不定式的疑问结构。动词不定式的疑问结构可以用来做主语，表语，宾语和宾语补足语。
She couldn’t decide what to do next.
When to hold the meeting has not been decided.
The question is how to put the theory into practice.
The problem is where to buy this kind of material.
The computer teacher showed us how to operate the computer.
动词不定式省略的情况
有时为了避免重复，我们可以用to来代替前面的动词不定式，这种情况常出现在动词except, prefer, care, mean, forget, want, wish, hope, try,之后。但如果在
3.
省略的动词不定式结构中含有be，have或have been，这些词要保留。E.g.
* I broke a dish while washing up this evening. I didn’t mean to.
You don’t have to finish the soup if you don’t want to.
I wonder why he didn’t do as he was told to.
He doesn’t live here now, but he used to.
Ought I to finish my homework today? Yes, you ought to.
Why did you do that? They told me to.
Would you like to go to the film with me? I’d love to.
Are you going to transfer to another school? I hope to.
* I didn’t tell him the news. Oh, you ought to have.
Are you on holiday? No, but I’d like to be.
要求用动词不定式做宾语的动词
下列动词的后面要求接动词不定式做宾语。他们是：ask, want, attempt, intend, wish, demand, expect, prefer, love, plan, need, promise, refuse, agree, decide, trouble,
determine, pretend, manage, learn, desire, long, choose, afford等。E.g.
I can’t afford to take flying lessons.
We expected to organize a youth club.
He demanded to know the truth.
She didn’t expect to see him here.
He intended to have come yesterday.
He pretended not to have seen me when I passed him.
Her legs began to tire and she wanted toget up and stretch.
下列动词的后面还要求接疑问词+动词不定式做宾语。他们是：decide, ask, tell, advise, know, wonder, explain, consider, discuss, discover, forget等。E.g.
He didn’t tell us where to hold the meeting next week.
She was wondering whether to stay there another week.
We haven’t decided when to hold the meeting.
He didn’t know where to find his father.
The peasants taught us how to do farm work.
Li Mei is considering where to spend her holidays.
I didn’t know how to look up information in Internet five years ago.
不用动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词
下列动词不用动词不定式做宾语补足语。他们是：hope, find, demand, agree, suggest, lead等。这些动词必须熟记在胸。
4．
动词不定式做定语
动词不定式做定语通常指未来行为。它与被修饰的词或是主谓关系，或是动宾关系，或是同位关系。不及物动词构成的动词不定式做定语则应该加上必要的介词且常用主动语态。 E.g.
Our headmaster is always the first one to come to school every day.
Mr Zhang said that he needed someone to help him do the housework.
I have an important meeting to attend this afternoon.
China is the first country to use gunpowder in the world.
We have made the plan to learn a second foreign language.
It is your job to cook three meals, wash the dishes and do some cleaning.
She has eight children to look after in the kindergarten.
The pen to write with is borrowed from my English teacher.
动词不定式做定语语态选择的原则
动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的执行者，用主动语态形式；动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的承受者，用被动语态形式; 动词不定式和它前面所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,又和句子的主语(人)或宾语(人)构成了逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动语态形式。 E.g.
Do you have anything else to say for yourself?
Please tell us the homework to be done this evening.
Do you have anything to take to your parents?
Do you have anything for me to take to your parents?
Do you have anything to be taken to your parents? ( taken)
It is a great honour for him to have been elected an advanced teacher.
在there be句型结构中，当说话人考虑的是人去做某事时，动词不定式用主动语态形式；如果只是考虑某事要完成，动词不定式用被动语态形式。E.g.
There is a lot of housework to do this afternoon.
There is a lot of housework to be done this afternoon.
动词不定式做状语语态选择的原则
动词不定式做表语形容词的状语，且和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，动词不定式用主动语态形式。E.g.
“This book is difficult to understand.” Mr. Chen declared.
“He is nice to get on with.” The headmaster intruduced Mr. Li to us and added.
5
篇6：陈老师课堂点拨高三31
<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语 Unit 8
Lesson 31
1. …but towards the end of our crossing a terrible storm came up and the ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. 但是在横渡航程将要结束时出现了可怕的大风暴，要不是船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。1). come up 出现；走上前；提出；发芽；e.g. I’ll let you know if anything comes up. 如果发生什么事，我会让你知道的。A beggar came up to us and asked for money while we were waiting for the train. 我们候车的时候，一位乞丐走过来要钱。The seeds I planted last week hasn’t come up. 我上周种的种子还没发芽。 2). but for 如果不是；e.g. I would not have succeeded but for your help. 要不是你帮忙的话，我是不会成功的。But for the snow we would have had a very pleasant journey. 要不是下雪的话，我们旅行会很愉快的。
2. But after pumping for one whole night, they were losing the battle against the rising water and were on the point of giving up. 但是在经过一整夜的抽水之后，他们没有能战胜不断上升的水，他们快要放弃努力了。on the point of doing 正要去做……; e.g. We were on the point of calling him up when he came. 我们刚准备去叫他这时他来了。I was on the point of leaving when it began to rain. 我正准备离开，这时天下起了雨。
3. The captain, as soon as he realized the situation, took charge . 船长一看到这种情况就采取了紧急措施。take charge 负责(人做主语); 不受控制(物做主语); e.g. Mr Jiang was sent to No 3 Middle School to take charge 蒋主任被派去负责三中的工作。The driving belt took charge and ran out. 传送带不受控制，脱了出来。Miss Liu takes charge of Class 1 Grade 3. 刘老师负责管理高三(1)班。
4. His strong will doubled their efforts. 他的坚强意志使他们加倍努力。
5. How the men pumped like crazy! 水手们拼命地抽着水。crazy adj. 疯狂的；狂热的；like crazy 拼命地; 疯狂地; e.g. You are crazy to do so. 你这么做简直是疯了。In order to finish his task on time, he works like crazy. 为了准时完成任务，他拼命地工作。be crazy on / about (dong) sth. 醉心于……；e.g. He is recently crazy on playing football. 他最近特别喜欢踢足球。
6. I asked him whether there was any hope of saving the ship. 我问他有没有希望拯救这艘船。there be … hope / chance of … 有……的希望/机遇；e.g. There is every hope of his getting well. 他肯定有希望好起来的。Is there any hope of getting there in time? 还有希望按时到达那儿吗？There is often a chance of the week defeating the strong. 弱者常常有可能战胜强者。
7. Neither I nor any of the sailors will leave the ship so long as it remains above the surface of the sea. 只要这艘船还在海面上，我以及我的水手都不会离开船一步。so long as 只要；e.g. We can surely overcome all the difficulties so long as we are closely united. 只要我们紧密地团结在一起，我们就一定能够克服一切困难。
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★<<陈老师课堂>>重点难点点拨 高三英语 Unit 6Lesson 2
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