下面是小编为大家整理的高二英语第七单元重难点词汇点拨，本文共6篇，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
篇1：高二英语第七单元重难点词汇点拨
广东省深圳市宝安中学 赵国强(518101)
average
adj.平均的，一般的，通常的
the average age of the boys这些男孩子的平均年龄
What is the average rainfall for August in your country?你们国家八月份的平均降雨量是多少?
普通的，平常的，水平一般的
men of average ability/the average men能力一般的人
students of average intelligence普通智力的学生
n.平均,平均数
The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.
4、8和60的平均数是24。
on an/ the average平均，按平均数计算； 一般地说
above the average在平均数以上；中上
be well up to the average/ be quite up to the average完全达到一般水平
below the average在一般水平以下，中下；在平均数以下
refer vi.(-red; -ring; 其后跟介词to)
1) 查阅，求教，求助于
refer to sb. for information向某人打听消息
He referred to his notes now and then when he was speaking.他发言时不时地看稿子。
2) 提到，说到
Please refer to the facts of history请提及一下史实。
He often referred to his past experiences as a miner.他经常谈起他当矿工地经历。
3) 涉及；适用于
What I have to say refers to all of you.我要说的话涉及到你们大家。
The regulations refer only to children.这些规定仅适用于小孩。
4）refer to sb. [sth.] as称某人[物]为
She heard them refer to him as “Big Brother”.她听见他们管他叫“大哥”。
vt.（宾语后仍然跟to）使（人）找；叫人查阅[询]，参看
refer a question to an expert把问题提交给专家(处理)；refer sb. to the dictionary叫某人去查字典
The teacher referred him to Chapter V.老师叫他看第五章。
The visitors are referred to the information desk.让来访者到问事处去。
He referred his success to the good teaching he had had.他把他的成功归于他以前所受的良好教育。
generally speaking（adv. 总的来说,一般而言）该短语属固定表达，不受人称等其它条件地限制。
Generally speaking, women love children better than men do.大体上，女人比男人更爱孩子。
类似说法还有：
strictly speaking严格说来
broadly speaking泛泛地说，一般地说
frankly speaking坦率地说，老实说
personally speaking就个人来说，就自己而言
properly speaking确切地说
roughly speaking粗略地说来
本文曾发表于《学生双语报》高二版第10期
篇2：高二英语第七单元重难点
高二英语第七单元重难点
重 点 攻 关
广东省深圳市宝安中学 赵国强 (518101)
1. You mean it looks strange! I’ll tell you something that does sound strange.你是说这看上去奇怪！我要告诉你听起来确实奇怪的事。
这两句话中分别用到了连系动词look（看上去是）和sound（听起来是）。类似的连系动词还有：smell（闻上去是）,feel（摸起来）, taste（尝起来）。使用这类连系动词时，不要用进行时和被动语态。如：
How sweet the music sounds!这音乐听上去多美！
The water feels cold.水摸起来很凉。
They taste like carrots.它们的味道像胡萝卜。
另外，第二句中的does用以强调，表示“确实”、“的确”等，以加强语气。如：
He did attend the meeting early then.他当时的确很早就到会了。
Do come on time.务必按时光临。
I do want to be sure. Do be silent!我确实想肯定。安静！
2. In the north, the winters are long and hard, with snow for six months of the year.北方，冬天漫长而严酷，一年有半年的积雪。
hard在此表示“严酷的”、“艰难的”。该词的另一些形容词词义需要弄清楚。如：
坚硬的adj.
Skate on hard enough ice.在足够硬的冰上溜冰。
The snow has frozen hard on the road.路上的雪已经冻得很硬了。
困难的，艰难的hard questions难题；a hard assignment.困难的任务
Is science harder than English?自然科学比英语难学吗?
It takes years of hard work to complete the project.完成这项工程需要多年的艰苦工作。
强有力的；剧烈的
a hard push奋力一推
The forecast says there’s going to be a hard frost tonight.天气预报说今夜有严重霜冻。
严厉的.，苛刻的；无情的
a hard master严师；a hard heart铁石心肠；a hard customer挑剔的顾客
Don\'t be too hard on the boy.不要对这个小男孩太苛刻了。
With表示“具有”、“伴随”等意思，中文翻译较为灵活。如：
Do you know the woman with a baby in her arms?你认识抱着娃娃的那位妇女吗？
China is a country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
本文曾发表于《学生双语报》高二版20第10期
篇3：高二英语第七单元重难点
重 点 攻 关
广东省深圳市宝安中学 赵国强 (518101)
1. You mean it looks strange! I’ll tell you something that does sound strange.你是说这看上去奇怪！我要告诉你听起来确实奇怪的事。
这两句话中分别用到了连系动词look（看上去是）和sound（听起来是）。类似的连系动词还有：smell（闻上去是）,feel（摸起来）, taste（尝起来）。使用这类连系动词时，不要用进行时和被动语态。如：
How sweet the music sounds!这音乐听上去多美！
The water feels cold.水摸起来很凉。
They taste like carrots.它们的味道像胡萝卜。
另外，第二句中的does用以强调，表示“确实”、“的确”等，以加强语气。如：
He did attend the meeting early then.他当时的确很早就到会了。
Do come on time.务必按时光临。
I do want to be sure. Do be silent!我确实想肯定。安静！
2. In the north, the winters are long and hard, with snow for six months of the year.北方，冬天漫长而严酷，一年有半年的积雪。
hard在此表示“严酷的”、“艰难的”。该词的另一些形容词词义需要弄清楚。如：
坚硬的adj.
Skate on hard enough ice.在足够硬的冰上溜冰。
The snow has frozen hard on the road.路上的雪已经冻得很硬了。
困难的，艰难的hard questions难题；a hard assignment.困难的任务
Is science harder than English?自然科学比英语难学吗?
It takes years of hard work to complete the project.完成这项工程需要多年的艰苦工作。
强有力的；剧烈的
a hard push奋力一推
The forecast says there’s going to be a hard frost tonight.天气预报说今夜有严重霜冻。
严厉的，苛刻的；无情的
a hard master严师；a hard heart铁石心肠；a hard customer挑剔的顾客
Don't be too hard on the boy.不要对这个小男孩太苛刻了。
With表示“具有”、“伴随”等意思，中文翻译较为灵活。如：
Do you know the woman with a baby in her arms?你认识抱着娃娃的那位妇女吗？
China is a country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
本文曾发表于《学生双语报》高二版第10期
篇4：高二英语第七单元
科目 英语
年级 高二
文件 high2 unit7.doc
标题 Mainly Revision
章节 第七单元
关键词
内容
一.教学目的和要求
一.单词和词组：
四会：
L.25 generally speaking notice differently
L.26 settle all the year round be famous for deal a great deal of make use of
L.27 race skin tool
L.28 clear up from time to time
三会：
L.25 tap eastern
L.26 official official language settle struggle struggle against freeze freezing average natural natural gas exploit ordinary refer refer to
L.27 tent baggage block fur basic settlement
二会：
L.25 Dean accent
L.26 Ottawa minus C=centigrade
L.27 hunt Inuit seal
2.日常交际用语：
A lot of people can’t tell the difference between an American accent and a Canadian accent.
Are there many differences?
What do you mean by…?I’m sorry, I don’t follow you.
Do you use American or British spelling?
American spellings are used more and more in Canada now.
3.语法
学习主语和谓语的一致的用法
二.重点与难点分析
Lesson 25
1. A lot of people can’t tell the difference between an American accent and a Canadian accent .许多人分不清美国口音与加拿大口音的区别。
1)tell vt辨别；分辨，判断（常与can, could及be able to连用）
例如：
①It’t difficult to tell her exact age.很难说得出她确切年龄。
②I can’t tell one from the other .我分不清这两者区别。
△ tell the difference(between A and B)说出（A和B之间的）区别，分清（A和B）
The teacher asked me to tell the difference in meaning between “over ”and “above”.
老师要我说出“over”和“above”两个词在词义上的区别。
2)accent意为“口音，音调”。还可以作“重音”解。
①Our maths teacher spoke with a strong Zhejiang accent .我们数学老师说话带有浓重的浙江口音。
②Our English teacher has a bit more American accent . 我们英语老师有较多的美国口音。
③The word “woman” has its accent on the first syllable . “woman”这个词，重音在第一个音节。
2.I thought you were from the States. 我还以为你是美国人呢。
此句表示过去认为，而现在说话时已不这么认为了，因此，动词要用过去式。
例如：Hello, Li Lei, I didn’t know you were here, too .
你好，李雷，我不知道你也在这儿。（表示见到李雷之前不知道。）
3.We fill our cars with “gas”, which is American, but we turn on the “tap”, which is British English.
我们给汽车加油(“gas”)，这是美国英语，我们开水龙头(“tap”)，这是英国英语。
美国英语中，汽油是 “gas”，英国英语是 “Petrol”；美国英语中，水龙头是 “faucet”，英国英语是 “tap”。
下面列举几组常用词来说明美国英语和英国英语在词汇方面的不同──同样的意思却用不同的词汇。
美国英语 英国英语 词义
eraser rubber 橡皮
fallautumn 秋天
mailpost邮件
movie film电影
sickill疾病
store shop商店
vacation holiday 假期
4.Gererally speaking, newspapers follow the American way, but conference reports and school books use British spelling.
一般来说，报纸采用美国英语的拼法，而会议报告则用英国英语的拼法。
1)generally speaking是－ing短语，在句中作插入语，对全句作解释。类似的插入语如下：
strictly speaking 严格地说 personally speaking 就个人而言
frankly speaking 坦率地说 broadly speaking 广义地说
exactly speaking 准确地说
2)句中follow意为“遵循”“听从”“沿着”例如：
①We must follow his advice. 我们要听从他的意见。
②Follow the road until you come to a river .沿着这条路走到河边。
5. you mean it looks strange! I’ll tell you something that does sound strange .
你的意思是说，这看起来很奇怪！我倒可以告诉你一件听起来的确很奇怪的事情。
1)句中的look和sound都是连系动词，连系动词后接形容词作表语一起构成谓语。常见的连系动词有：be, feel, fall, seem, keep, appear, taste, smell, become, grow, get, go, turn, sound, look等等
例如：
①That sounds strange. 听起来很奇怪。
②The silk feels smooth .丝绸摸上去很光滑。
③The leaves have turned green .叶子变绿了。
④It’s getting dark .Let’s go home.天快黑了，咱们回家吧。
⑤The potatoes went bad in the soil .土壤在地里变得坏了。
⑥The apples from this tree taste delicious .这棵树上的苹果很好吃。
2)句中does用来加强语气。助动词do (does, did )常用在肯定句或祈使句中，表示强调。例如：
①I do hope you’ll stay to supper .我真希望你留下来吃晚饭。
②Please do come next time. 下次务必要来呀！
Lesson 26
1.Canada is the second largest country in the world .加拿大是世界上第二个最大的国家。
形容词的最高级形式与序数词second/third连用，表示“居第二/第三位”，如本句的“第二个最大的国家”（the second largest country）例如：
①The yellow River is the second longest river in china .黄河是中国第二条最长的河流。
②Li Lei is the tallest boy in our class. Wang Gang is the second tallest .Who is the third tallest?
李雷是我们班最高的男孩。其次是王钢，第三是谁呢？
2.It is larger than the USA and reaches nearly a quarter of the way round the earth.
它比美国还要大，它的国土的长度几乎达到地球周长的四分之一。
△句中的不及物动词reach意为“延伸”(extend)例如：
①The woods reach as far as the river .这片树林一直延伸到河边。
②The park reaches to the foot of the mountain.这座公园一直延伸到山脚下。
△当reach意为“到达”或“伸手碰到”，是及物动词。例如：
①Can you reach those books on the shelf? 你够得着架了上的那些书吗？
②I reached Beijing about half past six .我大约6点半到达北京。
3.The country covers six of the world’s 24 time areas .加拿大的国土跨过全世界24个时区中的6个。
句中的及物动词cover本意是“覆盖”、“遮盖”，本句中的cover意为“占有（多少面积）”cover还可以作“采访解，请看下列例句中cover的不同词义：
①Please cover the table with a table cloth .请将桌布盖在桌子上。
②We covered twelve miles yesterday.昨天我们走了12英里的路程。
③The city covered ten square miles . 这座城市占地10平方英里。
④His studies covered a wide field.他的研究涉及的范围很广。
⑤He was sent to cover the Science Conference in Beijing .他被派出采访北京的科学大会了。
4.For two centuries English and French settlers struggle against each other to control the country .
为了控制这个国家，来自英法两国的定居者相互争斗长达二个世纪。
struggle against意为“和……斗争”，后接斗争的对象。struggle for意为“为……斗争”，后接斗争的目标。
①They struggled against difficulties .他们与困难搏斗.
②The poor had to struggle for a living. 穷人为了生存而斗争.
5. Today, one province of Canada is French-speaking .现在加拿大有一个省说法语.
English-speaking (说英语的),Chinese-speaking(说汉语的)Russian-speaking (说俄语的)
例如
①Australia is an English-speaking country .澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家。
②Many countries in South America are spanish-speaking .南美洲很多国家都说两班牙语。
6.As in China, the weather is different from area to area.同中国的情况一样，加拿大的气候也随着地区的不同而不同。
As in china相当于一个省略了的方式状语从句：As it is the case in China …其中as是连词，意为“正如”，“如像”。例如：
①As in your country, we grow wheat in the north, and rice in the south.
正如你们国家情况一样，我们在北方种小麦，在南方种大米。
②As in the last experiment, he got the same result again this time .
正如上次的实验一样，他这次又得到了同样的结果。
7.The temperatures can fall to－60℃, that is 60℃below freezing.气温可降到
－60℃，也就是零下60摄氏度。
1)－60℃读作minns sixty degrees centigrade. Below freezing=below freezing point=below0℃
2)fall to意为“降到”，“落到……上”
The thermometer has fallen to 20℃below zero .温度表已降到零下20摄式度。
8.In the capital, Ottawa, the average of winter temperature is－10 ℃,and in summer 21℃。
在首都渥太华，冬季平均气温是－10℃，夏季是21℃。
句中的average是名词，意为“平均数”“一般水平”。
①The average of 3,8 and 10 is 7. 3,8,10的平均数是7。
②Tom’s work at school is above the average; Harry’s is below the average .
汤姆在学校的功课高于一般水平，哈利的功课却低于一般水平。
△average也可用作形容词，意为“平均的”，“平常的”。
①The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.这个班男生的平均年龄是15岁。
②What’s the average temperature in your area in summer ?你们地区夏季的平均气温是多少？
9.Plants grow well all the year round and the parks and gardens are famous for their flowers .
一年四季植物生长良好，这里的公园和花园都以花卉而闻名。
1)all the year round是名词词组，意为“一年到头”，“一年四季”
The grassland beyond this mountain has little rain all the year round .山那边的草原终年少雨。
2)be famous for意为“由于……而闻名。be famous as意为“作为……而闻名”。例如：
①Califonia is famous for its fruits .加利福尼亚由于盛产水果而闻名。
②Suzhou is famous for ancient gardens.苏洲以古典园林而闻名于世。
③He is famous as a poet.作为一名诗人，他很有名。
④The west lake is famous as a place of interest .西湖作为一处名胜而闻名天下。
10.Canada has one third of the world’s supply of fresh water .加拿大的淡水供应量占世界的三分之一。
one third意为“三分之一”
分数表达法：英语中分数是由基数词和序数词组成的。分子是基数词，分母是序数词。如果基数词是one，序数词后不加“s”，如果基数词大于one，序数词后必须加“s”。例如：
one fifth五分之一 two fifths五分之二
one fourth四分之一 two thirds三分之二
11.The country has a great deal of coal, oil and natural gas, and these are all exploited for energy .
加拿大拥有大量的煤，石油和天然气，这些全都开发作能源。
1)句中短语a great deal of意为“大量”，后接不可数名词。下面几个词组意思都是“大量”
plenty of ,a large number of , a large amount of a large quantity of
△plenty of和a large quantity of后面既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词。
a large number of后接可数名词；a large amount of后接不可数名词。例如：
①He spent a great deal of money on books .他买书花了很多钱。
②The squirrel hide a large quantity of nuts inside trees. 松鼠在树杆里藏了很多坚果。
③She had plenty of imagination.她有许多的幻想。
④There are plenty of of eggs in the house .家中有很多鸡蛋。
⑤He lost a great quantity of blood. 他失血过多。
⑥There are a large number of people in the hall .大厅里有很多人。
⑦A large amount of money was spent decorating the house last year.
去年装饰房子花了大量的钱。
2)exploit意为“利用”，“开发”。
①We must exploit every opportunity to learn new things .我们必须要利用一切机会来学习新东西。
②They tried every means to exploit the oil under the sea .他们用了一切方法来开发海底石油。
Lesson 27
1.Others remained in one place and started farms of their own .另外一些人定居下来，开垦自己的农场。
△remain用作不及物动词，意为“逗留”“留下”“剩下”。
①My mother has to remain in hospital until she was better .我妈妈不得不住院，直到身体好转。
②After the fire, nothing remained of my house .火灾之后，我家一无所有。
△remain用作连系动词，意为“仍然是”“还是”，后接形容词或名词表语。
①He remained silent .他保持沉默。
②She remains unmarried .她仍然单身（未婚）。
2.They lived on fish and meat and used to make holes in the ice and catch fish and seals .
他们以食鱼、肉为生，还经常在冰川上打洞捕捉鱼和海豹。
动词短语live on意为“靠吃……为生”。
People in the north mainly live on wheat .北方人主要以食小表为生。
△live by靠……为生
She lives by writing .她靠写作为生。
3.They made clothes and shoes from furs and from skins of seals .
他们用兽毛和海豹皮做衣服和鞋子。
句中短语动词make A from B意为“用B制成A”。例如：
The boy made a boat from wood .那男孩用木头做了一只小船。
上述短语动词make from也可以用make out of代替，意思相同。
make A out of B(用B制成A)被动式是A is made out of B.例如：
The bay made a boat out of wood.(The boat was made out of wood)
4.They made use of animal bones, which they carved into basic tools .
他们利用兽骨，把兽骨雕成基本工具。
①Make good use of your time充分利用你的时间。
②She was making full use of her opportunity to practise English.她正在充分利用一切机会来练习英语。
5.The government has started a new school project in which Inuit teach their own young children.
政府已经开始实施一项兴办学校的新计划，由因努伊特人来教育他们自己的小孩。
句中start意为“发起，开动”，“使……开始”，作此义解时，start不能被begin代替。例如：
①We can’t start the car . There must be something wrong with the engine .
汽车开不动了，肯定是发动机出毛病了。
②He started the project for helping poor blind children .他发起了一项帮助贫困盲童的计划。
Lesson 28
Grammar:语法 Agreement（主谓一致）
1.两个或两个以上做主语用的单数名词用and连接时，谓语动词用复数，但如果and所连接的词是指一个概念或同一个人时，谓语动词则用单数。
Li ying and Li Mei are twin sisters .李英和李梅是孪生姐妹。
The poet and writer has come .那位诗人兼作家来了。（前面用一个冠词，表示同一个人）
2.两个做主语用的名词或代词由介词with连接时，谓语动词一般和with前的名词或代词的人称和数一致。
A woman with a baby is coming to the hospital .一个妇女抱着一个婴儿子向医院走来。
The teacher with two students was in the room .老师和两个学生当时在房间里。
3.当either…or或neither…nor连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词通常和邻近的主语一致。
Either he or I am to attend the parents’ meeting不是他就是我去开家长会。
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it .孩子们和老师都不知道这件事。
4.两个做主语的名词或代词由as well as连接时，谓语动词须和前一名词或代词的人称和数一致。
The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car .这个女孩和男孩子一样，也学会了开汽车。
This book, as well as the other two books is borrowed from our school library .
这本书同另外两本书一样，都是从学校图书馆借来的。
5.某些集体名词如family, class, team, audience等主语，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中的一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
My family is a big one我家是个大家庭。
The family are watching TV.全家人正在看电视。
6.表示时间，金钱，长度等复数名词作主语时，通常作整体看待，谓语动词用单数。
Five minutes is enough. 五分钟就够了。
Two hundred miles is not a long distance .两百英里并不是一个很长的距离。
Two dollars is too dear .十块钱太贵了。
7.动名词和不定式(短语)作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数。
To talk with him is a great pleasure .和他谈话是一件非常愉快的事情。
Seeing is believing .眼见为实。
三.同步测试
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.Generally ____ , women live longer than men .
A. saying B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking
2.－Do you write to your parents very____ ?
－Not really. Only____.
A. all the year round B. at the end
C. from time to time D. sooner or later
3.－How much exercise is enough for people each day ?
－It’s hard to say, because the health condition is different____ .
A. from time to time B. from person to person
C. from area to area D. a great deal
4.His parents left him ____ money .
A. a great deal of B. a great many
C. a large number of D. thousands of
5.I’m sorry to say that you haven’t ____ full use of your time .
A. settled B. referred C. made D. got
6.They got married and ____ near Paris .
A. settled B. noticed C. hunted D. exploited
7.Guilin is famous ____ its beautiful mountains and lakes .
A. in B. from C. for D. by
8.Babies live ____ milk .
A. for B. on C. by D. from
9.More than one member ____ needed in the match .
A. is B. are C. be D. is to
10.The singer and dancer ____ their party .
A. are to attended B. is attended
C. were to attended D. is to attend
11.I’m sorry I have no money to ____
A. remain B. cost C. take D. spare
12.Each man and woman must try ____ best to help the goverment plant trees.
A. his B. cost C. take D. our
13.－Have all the villagers left yet ?
－No, A woman with her four children in the house .
A. remains B. remain C. is remained D. are remained
14.The officials didn’t see the cloth ____ the thread ____ the cheats .
A. made from, by B. made of ,by C. making from, it D. make of ,by
15.The works of Karl Marx, of course, ____ worth studying .
A. is B. are C. has D. have
16.Whether she’s coming or not ____ too much .
A. matter B. doesn’t , matter C. don’t matter D. matters about
17.I as well as they ____ help you .
A. are ready to B. is ready for C. am ready to D. are ready for
18.One third of the population here ____ workers.
A. is B. are C. has D. be
19.The Chinese ____ a hardworking people .
A. is B. has been C. are D. have been
20.Every picture except those two ____
A. has sold B. have sold C. has been sold D. have been sold
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Mrs.Myra Webb, who was told by doctors that she would never hear again, lived for six years in a world of silence .
But yesterday she heard a black bird sing in the garden of her home in Brighton, Sussex.“My hearing is coming back---and it’s wonderful,”she said .
Mrs. Webb, aged 26, is said to be the first woman in Britain to have her hearing brought back by acupuncture(针炙), which is widely practised in China .
After six months’ treatment she can listen to music again, carry on a conversation with the help of a hearing aid ---and has got a job as a typist on the South Eastern Electricity Board.
“It’s nice to hear people talk,”she said in her home in standstead Crescent, Woodingden, Brighton.
Mrs. Webb began to lose her hearing at the age of 12 after a serious illness.“By the age of 20 I had no hearing at all.”
“A friend of mine told me about acupuncture and I went weekly for treatment. One night when I was in the kitchen I heard a faint sound and realized it was my musical kettle boiling. My hearing has slowly improved since.”
Her husband David, a 28-year-old worker, said,“She is excited by the result and is continuing the treatment.”
(From Daily Mail, May 26, )
( )1.This story is mainly about .
A. when Mrs. Byra webb lost her hearing
B. how Chinese acupuncture is used in Britain
C. acupuncture is of great effect
D. how Brs. Byra Webb’s hearing was brought back
( )2.Mrs. Byra Webb most probably lost her hearing in .
A. 1990 B. 1982 C. 1976 D. 1970
( )3.It can be inferred from the text that .
A. Mrs. Mya Webb used to enjoy ease of mind
B. common medicine didn’t work well in improving her hearing
C. Chinese acupuncture has better efficacy(功效)in some diseases
D. Chinese medicine is better than Western medicine
( )4. The underlined phrase“carry on ”in this text can be replaced by .
A. hold B. continue C. manage D. conduct
B
COME TO NEW YORK AND SEE THE WORLD
If you’re looking for the place that has everything, there’s only one place to visit, and that’s New York, It’s whole world in a city .
The World of Theater All of New York is stage（舞台）.And it begins with Broadway. Where else can you find so many hit shows in one place ? Only In New York!
The World of Music Spend an evening with Beethoven at Lincoln Center. Swing to the great jazz of Greenwich Village. Or rock yourself silly at the hottest dance spots(=places) found anywhere.
The World of Art From Fembrandt to Picasso. From Egyptian tombs to Indian teepees（圆锥形帐篷）.Whatever kind of art you like, you like, you’ll find it in New York.
The World of Fine Dining Whether It’s roast Beijing duck（北京烤鸭）in Chinatown, lasagna in Little Italy, or the finest French coq au vin found anywhere, there’s world of great taste waiting for you in New York.
The World of Sights What other city has a Statue of Liberty ? a Rocketfeller Center ?Or a Bronx zoo ? Where else can you take a horse-drawn carriage through Central Park, only in New York!
( )1.Which of the following programmes can a visitor have only in New York ?
A. To enjoy roast Beijing duck..
B. To taste the finest French coq au vin.
C. To spend an evening with Beethoven.
D. To see the Statue of Liberty.
( )2.From the text we know that“Rembrandt”is most likely the name of a famous .
A. singer B. painting C. play D. painter
( )3.What the writer really wanted to do is to .
A. try to persuade readers to pay a visit to New York
B. give readers some information about New York.
C. supply readers some wonderful programmes in New York
D. help readers to get a better understanding of New York
( )4. The above passage may be taken from .
A. a guidebook for foreign travellers
B. a handbook for English learners
C. a pocketbook for visiting businessmen
D. a storybook for native readers
四.参考答案
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. A 10 D 11. D 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B
19. C 20. C
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A. 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A B. 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.A
篇5：高二第十单元重、难点问答
作者：赵忠西
1. How does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?
[问] reduce的主要用法有哪些?
[答] reduce意为“把......减少”、“降低（价格）”、“缩小（程度、尺寸等）”，是及物动词。例如：
She reduced her weight by 6 kilograms. 她的体重减轻了6公斤。
The bike was reduced from 300 yuan to 200 yuan. 这辆自行车的价格从300元降到200元。
You must reduce your expenses. 你必须减少你的开支。
reduce还表示“使成为”、“使处于（某种状态）”，多用于被动语态，且与介词to连用。例如：
The house was reduced to ashes. 房子被烧成灰烬。
In the past, she was reduced to begging. 在过去，她被逼得去讨饭。
2. Some people got into a total panic, when the typhoon pulled the roofs off their houses and cars went up in the air.
[问] get into a panic表示什么意思?
[答] get into a panic意为“进入恐慌状态”，是固定搭配，可与about连用，引出原因。例如：
They got into a panic about the fire in the building. 他们因大楼起火而变得慌乱起来。
He got into a panic when he thought he'd forgotten the passport. 他想起忘了带护照时，惊慌起来。
3. The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.
[问] at hand能用by hand替代吗?
[答] 不能。 at hand意为“在近处”，是介词短语，而by hand则表示“用手”。例如：
We live close at hand. 我们住在附近。
Fortunately there was someone at hand. 幸好附近有人。
This desk was made by hand. 这张桌子是手工制作的。
at hand还表示“在手边”、“即将来到”，作状语或表语。例如：
I haven't my dictionary at hand. 我的词典不在手边。
The examination is at hand. 考试即将来到。
4. With a tearing crash, tons of water fell upon the deck, as though the ship passed under a waterfall.
[问] as though的主要用法是什么?
[答] as though表示“好像”、“仿佛”，是连词，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。通常用来表示主观想象或夸大性的比喻，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气。该用法在本报第14期《貌似错误却有理，别有用意表虚拟》中已讲过，不再赘述。
as though引导表语从句时，若从句中的情况发生的可能性很大，从句谓语动词用陈述语气。例如：
The meat tastes as though it has already gone bad. 肉尝起来好像已经坏了。
It looks as though we'll have to walk.看来我们得步行了。
第十单元易混词语辨、练、析
作者：陈光明
一、escape; flee
1. Only two of the revolutionaries ________ from the prison.
2. The enemy ________ in disorder on hearing our guns.
3. No gas ________ from the pipe, but I still smelled something unusual.
4. We go south to ________ the winter.
5. Lu Zhishen killed his enemy and ________ his hometown to be a monk.
6. Luckily, there were a lot of people around and he ________ being drowned.
7. I'm afraid your name ________ me.
Key: 1. escaped 2. fled 3. escaped 4. escape 5. fled 6. escaped 7. escapes
【简析】escape指安然“逃脱（走）；跑掉”，强调结果，一般为不及物动词(如1)。用作及物动词时，表示“逃避；避开危险或不愉快的事”（如4和6）或“被疏忽；遗漏；泄漏”（如3和7）。flee指“逃奔；逃走”，侧重指逃走时的急促状况，强调动作本身，不表明其结果。既可用作不及物动词（如2），也可用作及物动词（如5）。
二、awake; wake
1. I walked in quietly because I was afraid of ________ him.
2. Some students ________ read in bed.
3. His letter ________ old memories.
4. His father sat in the chair ________ all night.
5. When I ________ the sun was shining into the room.
6. You must stay ________ while you are on duty.
Key: 1. waking / awaking 2. awake 3. awoke 4. awake 5. woke / awoke 6. awake
【简析】awake 用作形容词时, 一般用作补足语、表语(如6)或表示伴随状况（如4），也可用作后置定语（如2）；用作动词时，既可用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词，但都不与up连用(如1和5)；作“醒来；弄醒”解，通常可与wake换用；作“唤起对......的回忆”解，不能用wake或wake up代替（如3）。wake较为通俗，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，单独使用或与up连用均可（如1和5）。
三、serious; severe
1. She was in ________ pain.
2. The bad harvest led to ________ food shortage.
3. Do you think that he is ________ about leaving his wife?
4. The underwater trials will provide the ________ test of the engine's capabilities.
5. Nothing ________ . Just a cold. Don't worry about me.
Key: 1. severe 2. severe 3. serious 4. severest 5. serious
【简析】severe指“（伤害、痛苦、担心、不舒适等的程度上）严重的；激烈的；剧烈的”(如1和2)，也可指（处理方式上、标准要求上）“严厉的；严格的；苛刻的”（如4）。serious作“严重的；严肃的”解时，强调须认真对待（如5）；也表示“认真的；并非开玩笑的”（如3）。
四、knock about; knock on; knock into
1. He returned home after he had ________ for ten years in Africa.
2. Please ________ the door before entering.
3. The old typewriter ________ the house for three years. It is of no use at all.
4. He ________ an old lady while walking in the street and fell over.
5. The prisoners are said to ________ there.
6. This kind of sense ________ their heads when they were children.
Key: 1. knocked about 2. knock on 3. has been knocking about 4. knocked into 5. have been knocked about 6. was knocked into
【简析】knock about 既可作不及物动词，表示“闲逛；漫游”（如1）或“放置在（不引人注意的地方）（如3）”；也可用作及物动词，作“虐待”解（如5）。knock on中的on表示“敲打”的方向，可与at换用（如2）。knock into 表示“撞上”（如4），也表示“强行灌输”（如6）
篇6：-（下）高二英语单元重难点Us13---15
Unit 13 The water planet
重点词汇
1. cube 1)立方形, 立方体, 方块; 2)立方;三次幂
Please bring me an ice cube (一块冰块)out of the fridge.
The cube of 2 is 8. 2的3次幂是8.
The cube root of 27 is 3. 27的立方根是3.
cubic立方的；立方形的
2. benefit 1) vt. “对…有利”, 后面接名词&代词, 但不接反身代词
Exercise benefit our health.
Your advice benefited me a great deal..
The fresh air will benefit you.
2) vi. “获益, 得益于”,后面可接from/ by
We benefit by/ from daily exercises.
The plants benefited from the rain.
3) n.益处, 好处(可数& 不可数)
I told them all the benefits of fresh air and exercise.
He got a lot of benefit from the holiday.假期让他受益匪浅！
Your advice was of great benefit to me. 你的忠告对我很有好处
4) for the benefit of 为了…的利益； be of benefit to sb. 对…有好处
3. property
1) 财产; 不动产; 所有权(不可数); (某处特定的)地产(可数)
This small house is my only property （唯一的财产）
With the city developing rapidly, property in the center is becoming more expensive.
He has a large property in the county. 他在这个县有一大宗地产。
2)性能, 特性(可数)
One property of steel is its hardness. 坚固是钢的特性之一
He is studying the medicinal properties of wild plants. 他正在研究野生植物的药物特性。
Many plants have medicinal properties.
4. range
1)vt.“排列, 归类”, 其宾语为排列对象,后接介词on/ in/ along表示方向或趋势
The teacher ranged the pupils along the curb. 教师叫学生沿着路边排队。
I ranged the books on the shelf by/ according to size. 我把书依照大小顺序排在书架上。
The cards are ranged in alphabetical order
2) vi. 在…范围内变动 & (山脉等)绵亘, 伸展, 排列, 延及
The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade.
The road ranges westward from the lake. 这条路由湖边向西延伸
3)(不可数)“范围”, 指认知, 知识, 经验或能力方面的范围
be out of one’s range 某人所不能及的, 非自己知识范围之内的
beyond the range of human understanding超越人类理解的范围
within range of vision 在看得到的范围之内
The houses are sold out within this price range. 在这个价位范围之内的房子已售完。
5.pure 1)纯粹的；干净的；无有害物质的;纯洁的；清白的；无邪的
Is this cup made of pure gold?
The water in mountain rivers is usually pure.
2)“完全的；彻底的”，常用来加强语气
What you are saying is pure nonsense.
It is a pure accident.
6. mass n. & vi.
1) “质量”,不可数；“团、块、堆、片、群”，可数，常指聚成一体的没有具体形状的物质；“人民、群众”，常用作复数形式.
a mass of masses of 许多 ，大量的
A great mass of snow has fallen off the roof.
There are masses of dark clouds in the sky.
I wonder if they are truly concerned with the interests of the masses.
7. float
1) vi.“漂浮”，强调的是“保持悬在流体的表层内或表面上的状态而不沉下去”；“漂移，游荡”尤指随意地从一处移动到另一处，多作不及物动词用，后面可以加介词on.
Wood floats on water.
The empty boat was floating on the sea.
A balloon is floating in the sky.
2) vt.使悬浮或放入水中；使……下水
There was enough water to float the ship.
3) on the float漂浮着
8. absorb
1）vt. 吸收(水、热、光、知识、学问等)
Cotton gloves absorb sweat.
So many good ideas! It is too much for me to absorb all at once.
He was utterly absorbed in the book.
2)be absorbed in 全神贯注于…，热衷于
absorb one’s attention =attract one’s attention
9. sensitive 1)adj. 敏感的(to)；灵敏的； 容易生气的(about)
She is sensitive to the smell of smoking.
The child is sensitive to eggs. 那个孩子对鸡蛋过敏。
He is sensitive about his failure. 人家一提到他的失败，他就生气。
㈡主课文讲解:
1. life 生物(活的有机物的总称)无复数形式不加冠词，谓语用单数
There is no life on the moon.
Marine life swims in water.
2. range from … to… 从…分布到，在某一特定的范围内变化或变动
There are 200 boys ranging from 7 to 14 in age.
This plant ranges from Canada to Mexico.
Prices ranged from 5 dollars to 10 dollars.
3. all the way 自始至终，一直，一路上，从远道而来
All the way back, they talked about the persons and things that they could remember at school.
It is very kind of you to come all the way to see me.
4. whatever(=anything that)作为连接代词引导名词性从句，“无论什么，任何东西，一切事物” ，语气比what强烈。
Whatever is left over is yours.
You must do whatever is best for you.
Whatever book you want to read will be sent to your office.
She is against whatever I am fond of.
5. available adj. 可用的，可获得的，有效的，适宜的
sth.(受体)+ be + available + to + sb.
(主体) 某物对某人来说是可得的
The information is available to anybody.
The ticket is available to you for 3 days.（ 三天内有效）
sb.(主体) + be + available + for + sth.
(受体) 某人对…来说是合适的
He is not available for the job.
Are you available for a meeting tomorrow?
6. take advantage of 利用，很好地利用；投机取巧
Peter took advantage of his visit to Paris to improve his French.
I should like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my thanks for your help.
7. 动词不定式短语也可作结果状语，但只能表示消极的结果，通常用only来加强不愉快结果的语义：
They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
1. graduation n. the receiving of a first university degree or an American school diploma 毕业（典礼）
graduate vt. to obtain a degree, esp. a first degree, at a university（从……）大学毕业；获得（学士）学位
She graduated from Oxford with a first-class degree in physics.她在牛津大学获得物理学一级荣誉学位。
注：graduate也可用作名词，意为“大学毕业生”，“学士学位获得者”。
a high school graduate高中毕业生
2. action n. ①the act or process of doing things, with the intention of gaining a desired result行动；活动；动作 eg:
The police had to take firm action to deal with the riots.警方不得不采取果断的行动来对付骚乱。
Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于语言。
②in/into action在活动（运转、工作） eg:
He is a very good tennis player; you ought to see him in action.他是个出色的网球手，你该看看他打球。
③out of action损坏；发生故障 eg:
The storm put the telephones out of action. 暴风雨使电话发生了故障。
④active adj. 积极的；有活动能力的 eg:
Although he’s over 80, he’s still very active.他虽然已年过八十，但活动能力仍然很强。
3. speech n.
①the act or power of speaking; spoken language 说话；言谈；说话能力；言语；说的话 eg:
Only human beings are capable of speech. 只有人类才具有说话的能力。
She had a speech impediment.她有言语障碍。
②an act of speaking formally to a group of listeners 演说；演讲
I had to give/ make/deliver a speech to the Press Club.我得向记者俱乐部发表演说。
4. put sb. in prison“把某人投入监狱”（in还可用into替换）相似短语还有throw…into prison; send…to prison eg:
He was put into prison for robbing the bank. 他因抢银行而被投入了监狱。
Law breakers will be thrown into prison. 犯法者都会被送进监狱。
prison n. 表示被监禁的状态，不指监狱的房子，一般不用冠词。
be in prison被监禁；坐牢 eg:
He has been in prison, so nobody wants to make friends with him.他蹲过监狱，所以没人想和他交朋友。
知识点讲解
1. dream vi. & vt. to imagine (something)梦想；想像；幻想（某事）
(1) vi.做梦 eg:
He dreams every night. 他每天晚上都做梦。
(2)dream of/about sth. 梦见 …… eg:
I dreamed of my grandma last night. 昨晚我梦见了奶奶。
(3)dream that 梦见…… eg:
I dreamed that I passed the exam. 我梦见我通过了考试。
(4)vt. 梦见；做…… eg:
He dreamed a strange dream. 他做了一个奇怪的梦。
(5)dream of doing sth.想要做某事 eg:
He often dreams of going abroad. 他经常想出国。
2. revolution n. ①(a time of) great, usu. sudden, social and political change, esp. the changing of a ruler and/or political system by force革命 eg:
the French Revolution法国大革命
②revolutionary n. a person who joins in or supports a revolution 革命者；革新者 eg:
The revolutionaries are attacking the palace.革命分子在攻打王宫。
3. join hands 携手；联手；合伙 eg:
We all joined hands and danced round in a circle.我们都拉起手来，围成一个圆圈跳舞。
4. not…but…是并列连词，在句中连接两个并列同等成分，表示对比，意思是“不是……而是……”。 eg:
The seagulls had come to eat not the crops, but the locusts.海鸥不是来吃庄稼，而是来吃蝗虫的。
He will come not today but tomorrow. 他不是今天来而是明天来。
Shakespeare was not a musician but a playwright. 莎士比亚不是音乐家，而是一位剧作家。
生词、词组讲解
1. forbid vt. order(sb.) not to do sth. 禁止；不许 eg:
Smoking is forbidden in the public. 公共场合禁止吸烟。
注：forbid后跟动词-ing形式做宾语，不接不定式。 eg:
He forbids taking books out of the library. 他禁止把书带出图书馆。
Forbid后面有人称代词时，则只能接不定式，即：forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事。 eg:
He forbids us to take books out of the library. 他禁止我们把书带出图书馆。
2. runaway adj. out of control 脱离控制的；失控的 eg:
a runaway horse/ train 失控的马/火车； a runaway child 一个离家出走的孩子
We are suffering from runaway inflation.我们正经受着失控的通货膨胀之苦。
3. create v. (1) to cause(something new) to exist; produce (something new)创造；创建；创作 eg:
God created the world. 上帝创造了世界。
The regulations are so complicated that they will only create confusion. 条例如此复杂，只能造成混乱。
(2) creation n. something created; something produced by human invention or imagination创造物；作品；产物 eg:
an artist’s creation 艺术家的作品 the latest creations from Paris 巴黎来的最新时装
4. work as 担任……工作 eg:
When she finished school, she went to the north to work as a nurse.毕业以后，她到北方当了一名护士。
5. more than ①多于；超过 ②不仅仅 eg:
More than 300 workers were saved in the accident.在事故中三百多人幸免于难。
She is more than a teacher to us.她不仅仅是我们的老师。
more…than… it is more true to say … than … 与其说……倒不如说…… eg:
She’s more thoughtless than stupid. 与其说她笨倒不如说她粗心大意。
no more …than in no greater degree…than 与……同样不 eg:
He is no more fit to be a priest than I am!他和我都不适合当牧师！
Jack is no more diligent than John.约翰不勤奋，杰克也不勤奋。
I could do it no more than you.我和你一样都不能做那件事。
6. be active in 在……积极 eg:
take an active part in积极参加 be active in work工作积极
7. demand vt. ask for as if one has a right to do so; need; require要求；需求
（1）后跟名词或不定式做宾语。 eg:
This work demands great patience. 这种工作需要耐心。
We demanded to know where he had gone. 我们要求知道他去哪儿了。
（2）后接宾语从句
注：要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词要用should+动词原形，should可省略。
eg: The blacks demanded that they(should) be treated as equal citizens.
黑人要求他们应当受到平等的公民待遇。
8. march
（1）v. walk as soldiers do, with regular and measured steps 行军；行进
eg: The soldiers marched on.战士们继续行军。
March against the enemy. 向敌人进军。
（2）n. the act of marching, procession as a demonstration行军；游行 eg:
the Long March长征 a rapid march急行军
Thousands of people joined in the march though they were warned of danger. 数以千计的人虽然被警告有危险还是参加了游行。
9. separate (1) v. divide分隔；把……分开来 eg:
Let’s separate the good apples from bad ones.咱们来把好苹果和坏苹果分开。
(2) adj. not shared with another; individual单独的；各自的 eg:
The children sleep in separate beds. 孩子们各睡各的床。
Some people only think of their own separate interests.有些人只考虑他们各自的利益。
10. set/give an example to sb. 给某人树立榜样 eg:
She has set an example of plain living to us all.她给我们大家树立了艰苦朴素的榜样。
Example还可当“例子”讲。 eg:
The teacher told us many examples of how to use the verb.老师给我们列举了许多怎样使用这个动词的例子。
for example例如；比方
11. give/make/deliver a speech发表演讲 eg:
The official gives/makes/delivers a speech on/about the Common Market to a receptive audience.这位官员就共同市场问题向能接受该政策的听众发表演说。
同、近义词辨析
1. divide与separate
（1）divide指把整体“划分”成若干份，其后接into, from, among, between, with等。 eg:
This island divided into two parts.这个岛屿被分成两部分。
（2）separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来，也可指“离别”。 eg:
Please separate the white shirts from the colored ones.请把白衬衫与其他颜色的衬衫分开。
注：被divide的东西在一定条件下具有统一性；被separate的东西没有统一性。 eg:
The Pacific separates Asia from America.太平洋把亚洲和美洲隔开。
She divided the cake among the children. 她把这块蛋糕分给孩子们吃。
2. in prison与in the prison
（1）“in prison”意为“在坐牢”，中间无冠词，表示与法律有关。 eg:
He has been in prison for ten years.他已经坐牢十年了。
（2）“in the prison”意为“在监狱中”，只强调地点。中间有冠词。 eg:
There are two libraries in the prison.这座监狱中有两个图书馆。
英语中的类似结构 eg:
in hospital 住院 in church 做礼拜
in the hospital 在医院中 in the church在教学中
3. join, join in与take part in
(1)join通常做“参加（某个团体、组织等）”（become a member of）讲。 eg:
Do you know how many people joined the organization? 你知道有多少人参加了那个组织吗？
(2)join in常用于“参加（某种活动）”。 eg:
All the students joined in the discussion. 全体学生都参加了讨论。
The whole school will join in the concert. 全校都要参加音乐会。
(3)join in与take part in都有“参加（某种活动）”的意思。但join in多指正在进行的活动，如竞赛、娱乐、谈话等。而take part in只指参加活动。
eg: They watched the game, and then they were invited to join in it.他们先观看了比赛，后来又被邀请参加。
知识回忆
1. In the summer of 1963 Martin Luther King, Jr gave a speech to thousands of black people who marched on Washington DC, the capital of the USA. 1963年夏天小马丁路德金给在美国首都的华盛顿特区游行的成千上万的黑人作了一次演讲。
句中短语“march on”译作“前进；行进”。“on the march”译作“在行军中，在进行中”。 eg:
The soldiers were still on the march in spite of the heavy snow.尽管下着大雪，战士们仍在行军。
2. Blacks were not treated as equal citizens.黑人们没有被当作平等公民对待。
句中“be treated as”表示“被当作……对待”，主动结构为：treat sb./sth. as…
eg: Don’t treat me as your sister. 别把我当作你妹妹对待。
3. His message was that black people should not be separated but should be treated with respect in the same way as other people. 他主张黑人不应该被分开，他们应该和别人一样受到同样的尊重。
在这个句子中as是连词，和the same…一起构成定语从句。 eg:
I have the same trouble as you(have).我和你有同样的麻烦。
典型病句诊断
1.病句：The teacher forbids to smoke in his room.
诊断：The teacher forbids smoking in his room.
点拨：forbid作“禁止”解时，其结构为forbid sb. to do sth.即当有“禁止”之对象时，用不定式；无“禁止”之对象时，用动名词。不能说forbid to do sth.或forbid sb. doing sth.。
2.病句：He demanded me to return the book at once.
诊断：He demanded that I (should) return the book at once.
点拨：demand后接不定式作宾语，但不能跟带有不定式的复合宾语结构。若要表示“要求某人做某事”的意义时，只能通过宾语从句来表示，而且宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
3.病句：Everyone here is free expressing himself.
诊断：Everyone here is free to express himself.
点拨：“be free to do sth.”是固定搭配，即be free后接不定式，不接动名词。
4.病句：He was made begin his work from the midnight.
诊断：He was made to begin his work from the midnight.
点拨：当make, see, hear, watch, find等感官或使役动词在主动句中时，其后的不定式不带to，但在变为被动句之后必须加上to。
5.病句：Abraham Lincoln was made the president of the USA.
诊断：Abraham Lincoln was made president of the USA.
点拨：在独一无二的职务前，一般不加the。
6.病句：Slavery was finished in the U.S. in 1865.
诊断：Slavery was ended in the U.S. in 1865.
点拨：表“终止”应用end，不用finish或complete。
7.病句：I don’t imagine you are interested in politics.
诊断：I imagine (that) you are not interested in politics.
点拨：imagine和think不同，否定从句中的not不能移到主句中。
Unit15 Destinations
知识归纳
1.在英语中，do,have,make,take这四个动词，加上名词作宾语（名词前可有形容词）构成词组，可以表达许多不同含义，其意义相当于在名词前加上一个相关动词，现分述如下：
(1)do+名词
e.g. Mary has done (=has written) an article. 玛丽写了一篇文章。
He will do (=draw) a large portrain of Ren Changxia. 他要为任长霞画一幅大画像。
do computer study=study computer
do the room=clean the room
do the dishes=wash the dishes
do one’s hair=comb one’s hair
do one’s teeth=brush one’s teeth
do the fish=cook the fish
do the puzzle=work out the puzzle
do science=study science
do a comedy=act a comedy
do a concert=hear a concert
do the tower=visit the tower
do Japan=visit Japan
do 20 miles=travel 20 miles
do one’s guests well=serve one’s guests well 有时宾语也可用doing,并在doing前加some。
do some reading=read some books,read some pages
do some studying=study something
do some walking=walk for some time还有do most of the talking,do some morning shopping等。
(2)have+名词
e.g.We had a long talk(=talked for a long time) last Sunday.上星期天我们进行了一次长谈。
They’re having a rest(=resting).他们在休息。
此类结构常见的还有：
have a chat,have a look at…,have a drink,have an interview,have a smoke,have a fight,have a bath,have a dream
名词前可有修饰成分，如have no respect,have no wish,have some good laughs,have one more try等。
有时意义上等于在名词前加上一个相关的动词，如：
have a lesson (class)上一节课
have an X-ray进行X光检查
have a great success取得很大成功
have a small accident出了小事故
have a headache(a flu,cold)得头疼病（流感，感冒）
have a baby生孩子
have one’s advice听从某人的建议
have a telegram收到一封电报
have an answer有了答案
(3)make+名词（相当于名词的动词含义）
e.g.The police made an examination in her room.警察检查了她的房间。
The teacher made a clear explanation.老师清楚地作了解释。
We made a comparison of the two articles.我们把这两篇文章作了比较。
make an attempt=attempt
make a suggest=suggest
还有make a visit参观，make a long stay住了很长时间，make another start又重新开始了，make preparations作准备，make arrangements作安排，make decisions作决定，make a choice作选择，make a map画一张地图，make tea沏茶，make an expression留下印象
（4）take+名词（相当于名词相应的动词）
e.g.He took a look at(=look at) this book. 他看了一下这本书。
I want to take a nap(=nap).我想午休一会儿。
这类词组还有：
take a bath 洗澡
take a walk散步
take exercise进行锻炼
take an action采取行动
take an examination进行考试，进行检查
take a trip旅行
take a vacation度假
相当于“吃，喝，吸（入）”，如：
take the food,take pills,take medicine,take tea (coffee),take a glass of beer,take sugar,take a breath of fresh air,还有：take a taxi(bus,train…)坐出租车（公共汽车，火车……）
take a room要一个房间，租用一个房间
take one’s advice接受……的建议
take a job承担一项工作
take one’s degree接受……学位
take chemistry选学化学
2.with的一种用法
with之后可以加一个抽象名词，构成名词短语，作用相当于这一名词相对应的副词。
e.g.He looked at her with respect(=respectfully).他恭敬地看着她。
She told Tom the story with a smile(=smilingly).她微笑着给汤姆讲了个故事。
He accepted the invitation with pleasure(=pleasurably).他愉快地接受了邀请。
这类词组常见的还有：
with calmness=calmly冷静地
with curiosity=curiously好奇地
with surprise=surprisingly惊奇地
with ease=easily轻易地
with difficulty 艰难地
with amazement惊奇地
with sympathy同情地
with disapproval不满地
with fear害怕地
with delight (joy)高兴地
with envy妒忌地
with anger生气地
with efficiency有效地
with one accord voice异口同声地
with tears in one’s eyes含泪地
in+名词也可以这样用。例如：
“How did you come here?”He asked in surprise(=surprisingly).
“你是怎么到这儿的？”他惊奇地问。
Jack shut his eyes in fear(fearfully).杰克害怕得闭上了眼睛。
His sister stared at him in amazement(=amazingly).他的妹妹惊奇地看着他。
He came home in high cheerfulness(=cheerfully).他兴高采烈地回了家。
常见的这类词组还有：
in terror害怕地
in astonishment惊奇地
in anxiety焦急地
in amazement惊奇地
in confusion大惑不解地
in alarm惊慌地
in curiosity好奇地
in great happiness非常愉快地
in a hurry急忙地
in a low voice低声地
in hatred and despair满怀仇恨和绝望地
in earnest 认真地
同义词语辨析
1.murder, kill, massacre
(1)murder是“谋杀，杀害”的意思。英语意思是to kill unlawfully,especially on purpose。
e.g.The bandits murdered the man for his money.歹徒为了谋取他的钱而杀害了他。
Every two hours someone was murdered.每两个小时就有一人被谋杀。
(2)kill用于因凶器或在非常事故中死亡的场合。英语的意思是cause to die。
e.g.His father was killed in a railway accident.他父亲在一次火车事故中身亡。
Only a few people were killed in the earthquake.地震中只有少数人死亡。
He killed him with a spear.他用矛刺死了他。
kill还可作“使……难受之极，使……极其尴尬，使失去，消磨（时间）”解。
e.g.My back killed me.我的背非常难受。
It killed him to admit he is wrong.承认他错了使他感到极为尴尬。
The joy killed the audience.这个玩笑让观众笑得要死。
The train was late,so we killed time by playing cards.火车晚点了，我们就打牌消磨时间。
（3）massacre“大屠杀”，英语意思是to kill a number of people without mercy。
e.g.When the soldiers captured the town,they massacred all the inhabitants.
当敌兵占领这座城市后，他们屠杀了城里的所有居民。
另外，表示“为……而献出生命”的同义词组有：
devote one’s life to…
dedicate one’s life to…
give one’s life for…
lay down one’s life for…
lose one’s life for…
另外还有一些词组可以用来表示“死”，但此用法较委婉：
(sb.) pass away;one’s heart stop beating forever;
(sb.) sleep peacefully;those who have fallen;
(sth.) cost sb. his life;sb.is dead and gone;
(sb.) be in heaven for some time
2.ask for,require,demand
(1)ask for指要求得到具体的物质的东西，普通用词。也可用ask sb.to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，语气较客气。
e.g.He asked for some money.他让了一些钱。
He asked his mother to wake him at six in the morning.他让他母亲早上六点叫醒他。
I asked that I (should be) was allowed to see her.我请求允许我看望她。
(2)require“要求，有必要”,语气不如demand强，一般强调从需要、规章、惯例出发，要求别人做某事，含有客观上必要的，缺此不可的性质。
e.g.He has done all that was required of him.凡需要他做的他都做了。
How many days will be required to finish this work? 完成这项工作需要多少天？
(3)demand“要求，需要”,指坚持要得到某物或坚持要做某事，用于人时，通常表示提出要求的一方认为他们有权这样做，语气较强烈，有时带有强制的意味；用于物时，指一般的“需要”，这时可和require,want,need等词互换。
e.g.The Iraqi people demanded that the USA soldiers should get out of Iraq.
伊拉克人要求美国兵从伊拉克撤退。
All his life he believed that it was right and necessary to demand changes in society if people did not have their civil rights.整个一生他都认为如果人民没有权利的话，要求社会变革是正确的，而且是必要的。
The work demands(=requires,wants,needs,etc,) great skill.这个工作需要熟练的技巧。
高考真题
1.(2004北京卷)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics______by 2006.
A.has been completed
B.has completed
C.will have been completed
D.will have completed
简析：选C。本句意思是：“北京市市长说所有北京奥运会的建设工作将在2006年前完工。”“work”和“complete”是被动关系，句子应用将来完成时态，所以选C。
2.(2004上海卷)The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A.causing
B.being caused
C.to be caused
D.to have caused
简析：选C。全句的意思是：“人们认为感冒是由病毒引起的，这种病毒喜欢在人的鼻子和喉咙中繁殖。”“感冒”和“引起”之间为被动关系。这里叙述一般情况，应选C。B为“正在引起”，D为“已经引起”。
3.(2004上海卷)The disc,digitally ______ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A.recorded
B.recording
C.to be recorded
D.having recorded
简析：选A。disc和record之间是被动关系，作定语时，不定式表示未来动作，及物动词的过去分词表示完成了的被动动作，故这里应选A。
4.（2004上海卷）
The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______ to eat more fruit and vegetables.
A.persuade
B.will persuade
C.be persuaded
D.are persuaded
简析：选D。本句意为：“如果人们能被说明多吃些水果和蔬菜的话，死于心脏病的人数就会大大减少了。”“people”和“persuade”是被动关系，在if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，故选D。
The First Period
△complaint n.投诉；申诉；抱怨，表示不满
△Iraq n.伊拉克
△Mexico n.墨西哥
△Greenland n.格陵兰
Airline n.航空公司;航线
uncomfortable adj.不服的，令人不自在的
△wanderlust n.漫游癖
The Second Period
every now and then不时地
△itch/it n.&vi. 渴望；痒
phenomenon n.现象；奇迹
△Rio de Janeiro n.里约热内卢（巴西港市）
Brazil n.巴西
△stretch/stret vt.&vi. 展开；伸展；延伸
△Cariocas n.里约热内卢人
downtown n.&adj. 城市商业区（的）
△historical adj.具有历史意义的
commercial adj.商业性的；商务的；商业的
△Copacabana n.科帕卡巴纳（巴西著名海滩）
△princess n.公主；王妃
△hundredth n.&adj. 第一百（个）；第一百的
get tired of对……感到厌倦；对……失去兴趣
avenue n.（城市中的）大街；通道；（通往乡间的）小路
disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
△Carnival n.(四旬斋前持续一周或半周的)嘉年华会；狂欢节；欢宴
△Kitzbuhel n.基茨比厄（奥地利城市）
△paradise n.乐园；天堂
△skier n.滑雪者
altitude n.纬度
surrounding adj.&n.周围（的）；环绕（的）；环境；周围的情况
guarantee vt.保证……免受损失或伤害；确保
breath-taking adj.壮观的；激动人心的；惊险的
△resort n.胜地；常去之地
downhill adj. 快速下降滑雪的；下坡的；倾斜的
inexpensive adj.廉价的；便宜的
feast n.（感官、精神等的）享受；盛宴
dip n.（在江河湖海中）洗澡；游泳；蘸湿
gym n.体育馆
shore n.滨；岸
The Third Period
to do
1.The first thing would be to decide where to go.
2.The most important thing would be for you to decide where to go.
-ing
1.Every now and then we get the itch for travelling.
2.Kitzbuhel has the most challenging and exciting downhill slopes for skiers in the world.
3.Few visitors leave Rio feeling disappointed.
-ed
1.Amazed by the beautiful scenery at Copacabana Beach,he decided to come again next year.
2.Known as Carnival,the festival attracts visitors from all over the world.
Point out the function of the -ing form in each sentence.
1.Doing nothing is doing ill.
2.Be careful!The falling stones might hit you.
3.When you hang wet clothes near a fire,you will see steam coming from them.
4.Not knowing much English,I found it hard to understand them.
5.While walking along the shore,we saw that the water was very dirty.
6.Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.
7.Babies like tearing paper into pieces.
8.They went out of the club,talking and laughing loudly.
The Fourth Period
budget n.预算；预算案
rate n.价格；费用；速度；效率
visa n.签证
arrangement n.安排；准备工作；整理
passport n.护照；过境通行证
cheque n.支票
△photocopy n.&vt.复印（件）
currency n.货币；通货
sight n.景象，情景；视力，视觉
seasoned adj. 有经验的
accommodation n.住处；膳宿
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