以下是小编为大家准备的考研英语真题解析 写作沿袭老路，本文共6篇，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
篇1：考研英语真题解析 写作沿袭老路
考研英语真题解析 写作沿袭老路
2014考研英语二已经落下帷幕，出乎考生们的意料，英语二的难度不再像期待的那样要“比英语一简单一些”，而是整体难度有所提升。但和整体难度的提升形成对比的是，作文的话题依然走的是保守路线，让准备充分的同学们不会感到太大的压力。
小作文的体裁既包括了自我介绍部分也包括询问建议的部分。根据题目的要求，考生需要从一个美国留学新生的角度，给自己未来的室友写一封信，首先介绍自己的生活习惯，然后再向对方提出一些建议。虽然此篇小作文包含了介绍信和询问信两种功能，但换汤不换药，只要同学们在考前把小作文各种体裁的首段和末段背下来，考试的时候，凭借着考前所做的作文练习所把握的词汇和句式，中段根据题目要求自己发挥就可以轻松应对。从内容角度来说，由于非常的生活化（留学生生活，室友相处），所以准备充分的同学们也不会有任何压力，比如写自己的生活习惯，可以写自己喜欢做中国菜（cook Chinese cuisine），会有很多烟雾（smoke），问对方是否介意；也可以写自己是个安静的.人（a quiet person），喜欢规律的起居（lead a regular life），不喜欢被随意打扰（don‘t like to be disrupted without appointment）。
大作文依然是传统的看图表写作文。今年的话题是对比中国历年城市和乡村人口的变化。在描述表格的时候要注意的是：1.图形是柱状图，可以用bar chart，bar graph表达，也可以用diagram（图标）替换；2.图形描述时，要把握数据变化的趋势和极值。今年的图形就要表现出城市人口增长和农村人口的减少，以及在基本持平的情况。后面分析原因，可以从改革开放（Chinese Economic Reform），经济发展（economic development），农民工（migrant worker）等很多角度进行分析。
篇2：考研英语真题解析
考研英语真题
Section I Use of English
Directions：
Read the following text。 Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。 (10 points)
People have speculated for centuries about a future without work 。Today is no different， with academics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers。 Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 。 A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland。
A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed。 6 ， today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time。 One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans。 Also， some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs。 Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future。
But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease。 Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment。 In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure。 Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown。 “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway。
These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs。 “When I come home from a hard day’s work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding， “In a world in which I don’t have to work， I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters。
1。[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring
2。[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty
3。[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction
4。[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured
5。[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom
6。[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless
7。[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated
8。[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute
9。[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among
10。[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside
11。[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically
12。[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles
13。[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course
14。[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield
15。[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship
16。[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce
17。[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats
18。[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved
19。[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into
20。[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal
Section II Reading Comprehension
Text 2
With so much focus on children’s use of screens， it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use。 “Tech is designed to really suck on you in，” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play， “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement。 It makes it hard to disengage， and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine。 ”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise。 She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children。 During a separate observation， she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family。 Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention。
Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world， and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children。 Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s。 In it， a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention。 “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times， but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need，” says Radesky。
On the other hand， Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children： “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized， very white， very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30，000 words you are neglecting them。” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower， do housework or simply have a break from their child。 Parents， he says， can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way。 This can make them feel happier， which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time。
According to Jenny Radesky， digital products are designed to ______。
[A] simplify routine matters
[B] absorb user attention
[C] better interpersonal relations
[D] increase work efficiency
Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______。
[A] takes away babies’ appetite
[B] distracts children’s attention
[C] slows down babies’ verbal development
[D] reduces mother-child communication
Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______。
[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions
[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange
[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood
[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs
The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______。
[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies
[B] teach their kids at least 30，000 words a year
[C] ensure constant interaction with their children
[D] remain concerned about kid’s use of screens
According to Tronick， kid’s use of screens may_______。
[A] give their parents some free time
[B] make their parents more creative
[C] help them with their homework
[D] help them become more attentive
Text 3
Today， widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year。 After all， if everyone you know is going to college in the fall， it seems silly to stay back a year， doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years， it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic。
But while this may be true， it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years。 There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line，” whether that be toward graduate school， medical school or lucrative career。 But despite common misconceptions， a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact， it probably enhances it。
Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not。 Rather than pulling students back， a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence， new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most。 Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment， making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders。
If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests， then consider its financial impact on future academic choices。 According to the National Center for Education Statistics， nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once。 This isn’t surprising， considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications， but switching to another after taking college classes。 It’s not necessarily a bad thing， but depending on the school， it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game。 At Boston College， for example， you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department。 Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on。
One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that 。
[A] they think it academically misleading
[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college
[C] it feels strange to do differently from others
[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses
Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps 。
[A] keep students from being unrealistic
[B] lower risks in choosing careers
[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens
[D] relieve freshmen of pressures
The word “acclimation” (Line 8， Para。 3) is closest in meaning to 。
[A] adaptation
[B] application
[C] motivation
[D] competition
A gap year may save money for students by helping them 。
[A] avoid academic failures
[B] establish long-term goals
[C] switch to another college
[D] decide on the right major
The most suitable title for this text would be 。
[A] In Favor of the Gap Year
[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year
[C] The Gap Year Comes Back
[D] The Gap Year： A Dilemma
Text 4
Though often viewed as a problem for western states， the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars， says Professor Max Moritz， a specialist in fire ecology and management。
In ， the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago。 In effect， fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation， watershed and cultural resources management， and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans。
Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts。 As Moritz puts it， how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?
“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country，” he says。” We need to take a magnifying glass to that。 Like， “Wait a minute， is this OK?” “Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”
Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire， researchers say。
For one thing， conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive。 Over the past decade， the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires。
While climate is a key element， Moritz says， it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation。
“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked， and the interactions go both ways，” he says。 Failing to recognize that， he notes， leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be。 Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited。”
At the same time， people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity， says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado。 But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws， policies， and practices that make it as safe as possible， she says。
“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire，” Balch says。 “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today。”
More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they 。
[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts
[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget
[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states
[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure
Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” to 。
[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas
[B] avoid the redirection of federal money
[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape
[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds
While admitting that climate is a key element， Moritz notes that 。
[A] public debates have not settled yet
[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving
[C] other factors should not be overlooked
[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place
The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to 。
[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature
[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems
[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life
[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature
Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should 。
[A] do away with
[B] come to terms with
[C] pay a price for
[D] keep away from
Part B
Directions：
Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column。 There are two extra choices in the right column。 Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 (10 points)
The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain， particularly from Donald Trump。 “We don’t make anything anymore，” he told Fox News， while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line。
Without question， manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades， and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing。
But there is also a different way to look at the data。
Across the country， factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge： instead of having too many workers， they may end up with too few。 Despite trade competition and outsourcing， American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years。 Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place， other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay。
For factory owners， it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages。 “They’re harder to find and they have job offers，” says Jay Dunwell， president of Wolverine Coil Spring， a family-owned firm， “They may be coming [into the workforce]， but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing，” Mr。 Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture。
At RoMan Manufacturing， a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980， Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers， five are retiring this year。 Mr。 Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program， with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years。
At a worktable inside the transformer plant， young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors。 It’s his first week on the job。 Asked about his choice of career， he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering。 “I love working with tools。 I love creating。” he says。
But to win over these young workers， manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle： parents， who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression， telling them to avoid the factory。 Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off。 They blame it on the manufacturing recession，” says Birgit Klohs， chief executive of The Right Place， a business development agency for western Michigan。
These concerns aren’t misplaced： Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 。 When the recovery began， worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades。 Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels。
“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill，” says Rob Spohr， a business professor at Montcalm Community College。 “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill。 It’s that gap in between， and that’s where the problem is。 ”
Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing： a work/life balance。 While their parents were content to work long hours， young people value flexibility。 “Overtime is not attractive to this generation。 They really want to live their lives，” she says。
[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools。
41。 Jay Deuwell
[B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill。
42。 Jason Stenquist
[C] points out that the US doesn’t manufacture anything anymore。
43。 Birgit Klohs
[D] believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers。
44。 Rob Spohr
[E] says that for factory owners， workers are harder to find because of stiff competition。
45.Julie Parks
[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing。
[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents。
范文如下：
The statistics about museums and their visitors are precisely illustrated by the line chart. During the 3 years from 2013 to 2015, the figure of museums experienced a gradual rise, and soaring from 4.145 thousand to 4.692 thousand. Besides, following the same tendency, the number of museum visitors, as is shown, ascended gradually from 6.378 billion to 7.811 billion, increasing by about 1.43 billion.
The following factors, from my perspective, are responsible for the statistics. To begin with, aside from disseminating knowledge in schools, department concerned adopts other ways to promote the comprehensive quality of Chinese citizens, for instance providing more access to museums is a simple yet effective way to broaden visitors’ horizon. In addition, having been experiencing the unparalleled material prosperity, most of Chinese citizens intend to pursue knowledge by visiting museums, tourist attractions and other places. Moreover, museums, which are supported by public funding, provide visitors with knowledge and professional service. Individuals, therefore, are inclined to enjoy their leisure time by visiting museums.
To summarize, the data shown by the chart objectively reflect what’s happening in our society. Museums undoubtedly exert indispensible effects on our society and Chinese citizens, and it is predictable that, in the next decade, both large cities and small towns will witness the popularization of museums.
作文考察的是一封邀请信的回函，要求写作内容包括：
1、接受教授邀请给留学生做有关中国文化的presentation(介绍/演示)。
2、提供介绍内容的关键信息。
篇3：考研英语作文真题解析
考研英语作文真题解析
20考研英语一写作大作文有两副图画，第一幅是爸爸坐在电视机前打游戏，但是对书桌前的儿子说：儿子，你要好好学习。第二幅图则是爸爸与儿子一起在书桌前学习。下面的提示语则是：与其只提要求，不如做个榜样。
关于英语二的作文--某高校大学生旅游的目的，本次作文是一个饼状图。
关于饼状图，第一段可以先描述图表，第二段对进行图表进行剖析。
参考词汇：
1.the modeled behaviors of parents父母的表率作用
2. practise践行，实施
3. advocate提倡，主张
4.earnestly practise what one advocates认真的`践行你的主张
5. Action speaks louder than the words.行动比说更重要
6.I prefer to dosomething instead of talking.我更赞同身体力行而不是空口说说而已。
7.Wise people used to say that taking actions is of utmost significance in our daily life.采取行动是最重要的。
8.There is no denying that it is taking actions that really realize the promise they made.是行动让我们实现了自己所做的承诺。
篇4：考研英语真题重点解析
考研英语真题重点解析
今天距2013考研还有不到150天的时间，对于参加考研的考生来说，距离考试的时间又临近了，到了真正关键的冲刺时刻。英语长难句一直是大家英语备考的中难点。
在线网络课堂考研英语辅导团队，现将历年考试中的经典长难句进行了汇总、分析，希望广大考生能从这些总结、归纳中吸引考试中的精华内容，提高复习效率。
句子一：
Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分为三段：
Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant
respect, / extremists of this kind think / that animals lie outside the area of
moral choice.
第二、句子的结构：
1)主干结构是extremists of this kind think that… 其中that引导宾语从句，Arguing from.。.是现在分词短语作状语。
2) the view和后面的从句that.。.是同位语关系
第三、词的处理：
Arguing from the view 从……观点看，持……观点
different from... 与……不同
in every relevant respect 在各相关方面
extremists 极端主义者，持极端观点的人
lie outside the area of moral choice 不在道德问题范围，与道德取舍无关
参考译文：
这类人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑道德问题。
句子二：
But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looks into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分为三段：
But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looks into the past, / for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures / that existed 15 billion years ago.
第二、句子主干结构是：主句+ for +原因状语从句。
主句是强调句it was... that.。.被强调部分the farthest是后面句子的状语，可以理解为scientists had been able to look the farthest into the past
2) for.。.引导的原因状语从句是一个系表结构，what they were seeing是从句中的'主语，that引导定语从句修饰the patterns and structures。
第三、词的处理：
even more important 更为重要的是
he patterns and structures (宇宙云的)形状和结构
15 billion years ago 150亿年前
参考译文：
更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
句子三：
Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true。
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分为三段：
Odd though it sounds, / cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, / and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true。
第二、句子的结构：
1)主干结构是cosmic inflation is a consequence, and many astrophysicists have been convinced that it is true。其中Odd though it sounds是倒装的让步状语从句，等于 though it sounds odd
2) consequence前后有多重定语。
3) and many astrophysicists have been convinced为被动结构。
4) that it is true是宾语从句。
第三、词的处理：
cosmic inflation 宇宙膨胀说
scientifically plausible consequence 科学上可信的推论
in elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理学
convinced 被说服，相信
for the better part of a decade 七八年来
参考译文：
宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。
句子四：
Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分为三段：
Interest in historical methods has arisen / less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline / and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
第二、句子的结构
1)主干结构是一个简单句：Interest has arisen less through ...and more from.。.
2)并列状语less through ...and more from的翻译是关键，through和from意思完全相同，表示原因，直译为：比较少的是因为……，更多的原因是……
3)challenge后面的不定式短语to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline是它的定语，直译对历史作为一门学科的正确性提出异议，internal quarrels后面的介词短语among historians themselves作quarrels的定语。
第三、词的处理：
Interest in historical methods 对历史方法的关注(兴趣)
arisen 来自于，产生于challenge质疑，挑战
validity 真实性，正确性as an intellectual discipline作为一门学问(一个学科领域)
internal quarrels 内部意见不统一，内部分歧
参考译文：
人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，主要是因为史学界内部意见不一，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。
句子五：
During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional
methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study。
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分为三段：
During this transfer, / traditional historical methods were augmented / by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.
第二、句子的结构：
1)主干结构是一个被动语态的简单句：...methods were augmented by.。.
2)过去分词短语designed to.。.作句子宾语methodologies的定语。
第三、词的处理：
transfer 转变
augmented 充实，补充
篇5：考研英语一真题解析
今年英语一的作文相对来说，并没有特别的标新立异，小作文仍然是信件类，是信件类型中较为熟知的推荐信。这类信件在考过一个类似的推荐一部电影，而如今考到了推荐书籍。这一点也再次证明了真题的重要性，真题是一切的根本，每年的考试都是以真题为基础，然后在此基础上加以适当变化。考过电影那是否同样会考察书籍呢?同时让大家列举出相应的书籍名称，课堂上很多同学根据20的推荐电影联想到推荐书籍比如“Harry Potter”，“Gone With the Wind”等等。所以联系思维是一定要的，但这样的思维只有在仔细研究真题的基础之上才能有。
考研英语考试经过了整个到的一种演变，特别是从近十年来看，其命题思路是非常稳定的一种选拔性考试。这就给大家准备考研写作带来了福音。另外，考研真题文章实效性的加强，尤其从近三年命题规律来看，这一特点，有别于前考研真题的命题规律，比如现代科技与网络的近与远，考的是尊老爱幼，是毕业后的抉择，而且此命题规律，越来越明显。都会对当下热门和大众关心的社会现象社会问题结合起来。
篇6：考研英语真题解析：信函类应用文写作
在刚刚过去的2015考研[微博]英语作文中考[微博]查了推荐信的写作，其实在历年的英语作文中，信函类应用文都占用很大的比重，虽然说不同的信件有不同的关注点，但是作为信件，自然有其共同点需要我们总结并在复习中多加注意，下面就书信的一般写作格式加以介绍。
一封正规的英文书信的结构或框架由以下五部分组成：
The Heading信端;
The Salutation称谓;
The Body正文;
The Close结尾;
The Signature签名。
下面分别对这五个部分进行详细的分析：
1.信端(或信头)
信端是写信时最先要写的，也就是你的地址和写信日期。当然，如果你的长期通信地址收信人已知道，信端只写日期也行。
写信端时至少要离纸边缘三、四行开始写，信端写在信纸右上角。先写发信人地址，第一行写门牌号码和街道名称;第二行写区名、市(县)名、省(州)名;寄往国外的信，还要加上国家的名称;第三行写发信日期。
日期的写法应注意以下几点：
(1)年份应写完整，不能以09代替2009;
(2)月份通常用缩写形式(May, June, July除外);
(3)日期最好用基数词，这样简单明了;
(4)如果都用阿拉伯数字，一般顺序是：日、月、年。
整个日期可用下列几种表达方式：
Oct.15,2009
15th Oct.，2009
15 Oct.，2009
注意：日期与年份之间总要用逗号隔开，但月份与日期之间不用逗号(全用阿拉伯数字除外)。
2.称谓
信的称谓是对收信人的尊称语。一般在信纸的左边顶格开始书写，低于信内地址一、二行;如果没有信内地址，就低于信端一、二行。
不管写给何人的信都首先写上Dear。给一般朋友的信，Dear后跟名字，如Dear Mary;给母亲的信，Dear后跟称谓，如Dear Mother;给长辈亲戚的信，Dear后跟称谓，如Dear Uncle John;给不太相识的人写信，Dear后跟先生、夫人、小姐等称呼，再跟姓，如Dear Mr. Brown，Dear Miss Jenny;如果不知对方姓名，可直接写Dear Sir或Dear Madam，如连对方的性别都不知道，就写Dear Sir/Madam。
千万不要根据汉语的习惯用下列称呼，如Dear Friend, Mr. Frank Smith等。
称呼后一般用逗号，但美国和加拿大英语常用冒号。
3.正文
信的正文是一封信最重要的部分，它包含你要说的话或你的个人信息等。
信的正文在称呼的下面一行，一般在信纸左边五六个字母的空隙后开始写。写正文时，如果涉及的事务较多，可以分段叙述。每段开头都要留空格，每句第一个字母都应大写。信的正文应简明扼要，条理清楚，语言通俗易懂。信的开头语和结束语多种多样。
常见的开头语有：
I was so pleased to receive your letter…
Thank you for your kind letter…
Sorry for delaying this letter so long…
常见的结束语有：
Best wishes to you。
Take good care of yourself and write often。
Our warm regards to your parents。
4.结尾
信的结尾即在签名前再一次表示敬意和问候。信的结尾写在低于正文两、三行的地方，大都从信纸中间偏右的位置写起，只第一个字母大写，句末应用逗号。确切的措辞取决于书信的种类以及与收信人的友谊深浅和亲昵程度。如果写给一般相识，就不应用“Devoutly yours，”或者“With deepest affection，”也不要用冷漠和正式的“Very truly yours，”写给一位很喜欢的老相识，结尾既不要过分使用华丽辞藻，也不可粗鲁无礼，而是要恰到好处的用词。
写给专业人士的商务信函，一般用正式的社交语言结尾。如：“Very truly yours。”
一般非正式的社交信函，通常使用下列结尾：Sincerely yours，Yours very sincerely，Always sincerely yours，Yours cordially，Most cordially yours，Faithfully yours等。
对于密友或亲戚可以用这些结尾：Yours affectionately，Always affectionately yours，Lovingly yours，Yours loving sister，With love等。
至于情书，那要看爱情的深厚程度如何，可以用一般性的结尾“Fondly yours”，也可用冲动的“Yours with the utmost devotion”。
我们中国人用英语写信，往往受汉语书信格式和语言的影响，所以要注意不要用中国式的结尾如：“I salute to you”，“Salute”等。
5.签名
写信人将自己的名字签在结尾的下面，偏向信纸的右边，名字签完一般要靠近右边边缘。签名时要注意名字的拼法：一是不要带有任何头衔，二是中国人的姓名若是两个汉字的名字，其拼音的首字母都要大写，如“Li Ming”(而现在最流行的写法是姓氏的字母全都要大写，如LI Ming，以便让人区别姓氏与名字);若是三个字的名字，则第一、二个拼音首字母大写，第三个与第二个无间隔首字母小写，如“Liu Xiaoming”。
考研作文中没有对英文信封的考查要求，故在此只作简单介绍，作为考生的知识补充。英文信封的写法与中文信封的写法不同。发信人的地址应写在信封左上角，收信人的地址应写在信封中间。
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