这里小编给大家分享一些雅思阅读要如何自学，本文共8篇，方便大家学习。
篇1：雅思阅读要如何自学
自学雅思阅读的方法一、前期准备
正备考的同学能够将这段时间抓紧，提前做好准备了。提前的时间不同的人是不一样的，有一定大学四级水平的考生通常要3个月左右，而起点较低的考生可能需要半年甚至是更长的时间。
在这个阶段，大家一定要准备以下内容：
1、基础词汇
有的考生总分目标在6分，起码要求的词汇量5500左右。若已经距离上目标很远，如此是肯定要选择一本单词手册，开始背诵单词了。当大家选择选词汇手册时，必须要注意到选择适合自己水平的词汇表，不要盲目求全、求快。收词量如果远远大于考生自身的词汇量，会使考生受挫，从而厌倦背单词，因此要一步步地背起。建议基础较薄弱的考生从高考词汇表开始背起，高中毕业生可以选择从大学四、六级词汇背起。
2、基础语法
语法知识针对英语使用者而言是相当重要的，由于此不但关系到听力和阅读中长难句的理解，针对主观性测试口语和写作上而言，语法是可以有助于大家构建正确、地道的句型。若没有扎实的语法功底，那么一定要恶补起来了。语法书肯定是要配有大量的主观题练习题，但并非所有都是选择题，如此针对考生的写句子能力有很大帮助。
其次，语法书并非从开始看起，应该是要从重要的章节看起。提醒大家可以根据如此的顺序看：句子的基本类型：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词，有时间的话再去看其它的如名词与冠词、动词、形容词与副词的内容。
雅思阅读自学方法二、热身阶段
在前期准备有了大致的准备以后，是能够开始正式的热身复习阶段了。此时间大概要求2-3个月的时间。在这段时间可以用复习真题为主。教材选用《剑桥雅思》系列的4-11。
雅思阅读文章出处简介
首先，细心的同学已经发现从剑四开始每本书的后面都多了一个acknowledgements。其实在acknowledgements里面已经给出了剑桥这几本材料里面阅读文章的来源。
经过总结归纳不难发现，雅思阅读文章主要来自于学术出版物，而非一般娱乐性出版物。其中主要用到的学术杂志如下：
1.New Scientist 这本杂志被用到的频率最高，如剑四中的Lost for Words, Play is a Serious Business，剑五中的What’s So Funny?, Flawed Beauty: the Problem with Toughened Glass，和剑六中的多篇文章 Australia’s Sporting Success, Climate Change and the Inuit, Graying Population Stays in the Pink, Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?
2.The Economist 列居其次，如剑五中的The Truth about the Environment, 剑六中的Delivering the Goods
3.还有American Scientist和Scientific American这两个主要的美国学术期刊，例如剑五的Disappearing Delta和剑六的The Search for Anti-aging Pills
4.当然还有National Geographic。但是值得注意的是，因为这是休闲杂志，所以只作为了G类的阅读，如剑六中的Pterosaurs
除了以上提到的若干来源之外，雅思A类的阅读文章还出自Nature, Discover, Time (Europe)， Boston Global, History Today等其余期刊或杂志。至于是哪次考试的哪篇文章，由于敏感原因在这里就不在透露。
综上所述，雅思阅读文章的来源一般都是国外的一些媒体和杂志等，了解这些雅思文章来源之后对于广大考生平时进行泛读训练具有很好的指导作用，对于大家掌握更多的背景知识有非常大的帮助。大家可以在备考的时候，进行更加有针对性的阅读。
雅思阅读提速有什么技巧
雅思考试一直进行得如火如荼，相信很多同学在面对雅思考试的四个部分时，都会不约而同的说出阅读是最枯燥的一项。从小到大，无论是在学校参加各种英语考试还是在大学参加四六级考试，阅读永远都是篇幅最长，字数最多的一部分。很多同学还没有开始做就开始头晕了。但是，相比其他几项，中国考生在阅读上的得分还是相对较高的。在面对雅思阅读有些比较深的感悟，所读的高中是江苏省重点高中，但自己的英语成绩在班里的一直只属于中等，只是始终保持着非常浓厚的兴趣，这个兴趣一直持续到现在，在刚开始接触雅思阅读时，相信很多同学一定一样，看到那些长篇的文章就犯迷糊，雅思听说读写，最令自己害怕的是写作，最喜欢的听力和口语，而阅读，偏偏是最麻木没知觉的一个，所以究竟该怎么样提高阅读速度，一直是个比较抗拒的问题。但是笔者在三年多的学习后，阅读速度明显快了很多，也不知究竟是什么时候突然有了一个质的飞跃，现在仔细回想分析，终于明白。总的来说，要想提高雅思阅读的速度和以下三点密不可分。
首先特别看一下雅思阅读的特点是什么，只有找到它的特点，才能寻思出特别对待它的方法，而不是用其他英文考试的阅读方法胡乱对症下药，看来，雅思阅读的不同之处在于它文章的篇幅都比较长，往往要占据一面多，而且生词很多，其中还不乏很多专业性词汇，给同学考试增加了不少难度。雅思阅读的题型也是丰富多样，比如有判断、填空、选择、配对等等，需要同学掌握的相应技巧也是非常之多。雅思阅读的时间非常有限，60分钟的时间需要看完三篇篇幅不小的文章，而且还是专业性较强的学术类文章，对很多人来说都是一个不小的挑战。针对这些特点，第一，觉得最重要的应该是找到技巧，学会先看问题再带着问题回去看文章，找出问题里的关键字词，再回原文里去定位，这样阅读起来目标性会比较强，而且雅思阅读的文章句子都是比较长的，如果没有目标，不知道自己要看的重点是什么，看完一遍再看问题然后再回头去找答案，这样非常的浪费时间。其实无论是雅思，对待其他英语考试的阅读也是这个方法。能节省下不少时间，进行更加准确快速的定位。还有，要学会看重点，中心句。建议是其实很多时候每个段落根本不必每个字都看，只要看一看每段的第一句，最后一句，中间可以非常快速的扫描一下，这样就OK了，老外的思维跟中国人不一样，他们表达内容往往都是开门见山，不会弯弯绕绕了很久到后半部分才挤出中心思想。而且觉得也没必要一边看一边读，发现很多同学都喜欢一边看着文章一边嘴巴读出声音，这可能和从小到大在学校接受的早读课有关，中国的老师都喜欢让学生每天早上花一个小时不停反复的朗读课文，但是静静的用脑用心去读文章更加有质量，有两个原因，一是因为眼睛扫的速度远远快于嘴巴读出来的速度，眼睛无声的扫过去可能一目能两行，但是如果硬要读出来的话就必须遵循眼口一致，嘴巴发音较慢的速度可能会拖眼睛的后腿。所以这个边看边读的习惯未必好。第二，很多同学都觉得眼睛看着嘴巴读出来就是读懂了，他就自认为自己真正读进去了，包括自己以前读书时也会犯这样的毛病，其实不然，很多同学都是嘴巴读着但是心和脑却并没有真正的跟上内容，中国有一句话叫做‘小和尚念经，有口无心’，想或许正会这样。
雅思阅读文章出处简介
首先，细心的同学已经发现从剑四开始每本书的后面都多了一个acknowledgements。其实在acknowledgements里面已经给出了剑桥这几本材料里面阅读文章的来源。
经过总结归纳不难发现，雅思阅读文章主要来自于学术出版物，而非一般娱乐性出版物。其中主要用到的学术杂志如下：
1.New Scientist 这本杂志被用到的频率最高，如剑四中的Lost for Words, Play is a Serious Business，剑五中的What’s So Funny?, Flawed Beauty: the Problem with Toughened Glass，和剑六中的多篇文章 Australia’s Sporting Success, Climate Change and the Inuit, Graying Population Stays in the Pink, Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?
2.The Economist 列居其次，如剑五中的The Truth about the Environment, 剑六中的Delivering the Goods
3.还有American Scientist和Scientific American这两个主要的美国学术期刊，例如剑五的Disappearing Delta和剑六的The Search for Anti-aging Pills
4.当然还有National Geographic。但是值得注意的是，因为这是休闲杂志，所以只作为了G类的阅读，如剑六中的Pterosaurs
除了以上提到的若干来源之外，雅思A类的阅读文章还出自Nature, Discover, Time (Europe)， Boston Global, History Today等其余期刊或杂志。至于是哪次考试的哪篇文章，由于敏感原因在这里就不在透露。
综上所述，雅思阅读文章的来源一般都是国外的一些媒体和杂志等，了解这些雅思文章来源之后对于广大考生平时进行泛读训练具有很好的指导作用，对于大家掌握更多的背景知识有非常大的帮助。大家可以在备考的时候，进行更加有针对性的阅读。
篇2：自学雅思阅读有什么方法
自学雅思阅读有什么方法
自学雅思阅读的方法一、前期准备
正备考的同学能够将这段时间抓紧，提前做好准备了。提前的时间不同的人是不一样的，有一定大学四级水平的考生通常要3个月左右，而起点较低的考生可能需要半年甚至是更长的时间。
在这个阶段，大家一定要准备以下内容：
1、基础词汇
有的考生总分目标在6分，起码要求的词汇量5500左右。若已经距离上目标很远，如此是肯定要选择一本单词手册，开始背诵单词了。当大家选择选词汇手册时，必须要注意到选择适合自己水平的词汇表，不要盲目求全、求快。收词量如果远远大于考生自身的词汇量，会使考生受挫，从而厌倦背单词，因此要一步步地背起。建议基础较薄弱的考生从高考词汇表开始背起，高中毕业生可以选择从大学四、六级词汇背起。
2、基础语法
语法知识针对英语使用者而言是相当重要的，由于此不但关系到听力和阅读中长难句的理解，针对主观性测试口语和写作上而言，语法是可以有助于大家构建正确、地道的句型。若没有扎实的语法功底，那么一定要恶补起来了。语法书肯定是要配有大量的主观题练习题，但并非所有都是选择题，如此针对考生的写句子能力有很大帮助。
其次，语法书并非从开始看起，应该是要从重要的章节看起。提醒大家可以根据如此的顺序看：句子的基本类型：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词，有时间的话再去看其它的如名词与冠词、动词、形容词与副词的内容。
雅思阅读自学方法二、热身阶段
在前期准备有了大致的准备以后，是能够开始正式的热身复习阶段了。此时间大概要求2-3个月的时间。在这段时间可以用复习真题为主。教材选用《剑桥雅思》系列的4-11。
雅思阅读材料：如何清洁眼镜片
Nearly 50% of Americans wear corrective glasses, according to the trade group Vision Council. And most of them are guilty of the biggest crime in lens care: Exhaling onto their lenses, then wiping the fog off with their shirt sleeves. But does this really damage your lenses? Teri Geist, an optometrist in Omaha, Neb., and chairwoman for the American Optometric Association, weighs in.
行业组织VisionCouncil提供的数据显示，接近50%的美国人佩戴用于矫正视力的眼镜。他们中的大多数人在眼镜护理过程中都犯过一个最严重的错误：对着镜片哈一口气，然后用衬衫袖子把镜片上的雾擦掉。这真的会对镜片造成损害吗?美国验光学会主席、内布拉斯加州奥马哈市的验光师盖斯特(Teri Geist)对此进行了实验。
Simple Solution
简单方法
Though there are countless products on the market claiming to wipe streaks away, the AOA recommends the most basic of options: kitchen-sink soap. The best way to clean your glasses, says Dr. Geist, is to run them under warm water and put a tiny drop of dishwashing detergent on the tip of your fingers to create a lather on the lens. Then rinse with warm water, and dry with a clean, soft cotton cloth.
尽管市场上有无数产品声称可以擦掉眼镜镜片上的污痕，但美国验光学会(American Optometric Association)推荐的是最基本的选择：厨房洗洁精。美国验光学会主席盖斯特(Teri Geist)称，清洁眼镜的方式是将其在温水下冲洗，在指尖滴一小滴洗洁精，在镜片上打出泡沫，然后用温水洗净，并用干净柔软的棉布擦干。
'Everyone uses their shirt cloth─worst thing!' she says. 'Your shirttail almost certainly carries dust, and that has the potential of scratching your lens.'
她说：“很多人都用他们的衬衫下摆擦眼镜──这是最糟糕的做法!你的衬
衣下摆几乎肯定沾有尘土，这可能会刮坏镜片。”
Glass vs. Plastic
玻璃镜片与树脂镜片
Of the 69.1 million Americans who bought prescription spectacles last year, most purchased plastic lenses; glass has gone out of fashion as safety concerns have arisen. Unlike that hard surface, plastic is soft and can scratch easily.
去年，6,910万美国人购买了处方眼镜，其中多数都是树脂镜片;由于对安全的担忧上升，玻璃镜片已经过时。与玻璃镜片坚硬的表面不同，树脂镜片柔软而且容易被刮坏。
Once lenses are scraped up, 'there is no way to buff that scratch out,' says Dr. Geist. Attempting to clean glasses when dry only exacerbates the problem, since a wet surface is slicker than a dry one. 'People breathe on their glasses then grab a Kleenex or paper towel or napkin because they're convenient, but the rough fibers that they're comprised of might leave debris behind,' Dr. Geist says. She adds that special microfiber cloths are good for dry touch-ups during the day, but aren't a stand-in for a thorough, soapy cleaning. Neither is your breath.
盖斯特博士说，一旦镜片有了刮痕，“就没有办法除去”。在镜片干燥时擦眼镜只会加剧问题，因为湿润的表面会比干燥的表面光滑一些。盖斯特博士说：“人们在镜片上哈气，然后顺手抓起一张餐巾纸去擦眼镜，但构成餐巾纸的粗糙纤维可能会在镜片上留下碎屑。”她补充说，特殊的超细纤维布适于干擦镜片，但它不能替代彻底的皂液清洁方法。你的哈气也不行。
Reflecting on the Problem
涂层问题
Lenses typically have some form of protective coating and should never come into contact with ammonia, bleach, vinegar or window cleaner. 'Those chemicals can break down the coating or just strip them,' says Dr. Geist. 'You know those bubbles you sometimes see on your lens? Those are caused by 'cleansing' solutions.' Avoid the problem by requesting anti-glare and UV coatings that are embedded within the lens, which can cost about $100 more than regular-coated lenses.
镜片通常有某种形式的防护涂层，因此不应接触氨、漂白剂、醋和窗户清洁剂。盖斯特博士说：“这些化学物质会破坏或者洗掉涂层。你知道有时在镜片上看到的泡泡印是怎么回事吗?那就是用‘清洁剂’导致的。”要求在镜片中加入防眩光和紫外线涂层可以避免这个问题，这种镜片的价格比普通涂层镜片高出约100美元。
Clean Lines
清洁产品
Natural oils from your hands, eyelashes and face can lead to a lot of buildup each day, reducing lenses' effectiveness. Leaving spectacles on a sink or vanity, where hair spray and perfume can fly through the air, adds to the residue. The AOA recommends washing glasses every morning, paying special attention to the frames and earpieces, where hair product and makeup tend to rub off. Whatever you do, don't use the most handy form of water to clean your lenses. 'Some people use spit, but don't,' urges Dr. Geist. Though dirty glasses won't cause an eye infection, saliva 'is not the best hygiene method, and it just won't work very well,' she says. Soap, warm water and a dry cloth are all you need, once a day, to keep glasses optimally clean and functional. 'I have had patients who say they can't see well, but it turns out it is just the scratches,' says Dr. Geist.
手、睫毛和面部每天产生的天然油脂可能大量堆积在镜片上，降低镜片的透光性。将眼镜放在水池或卫生间台面等可能残留发胶和香水飞沫的地方会增加残留物。美国验光学会建议每天早上清洗眼镜，尤其应该注意镜框和镜脚等容易擦到护发品和化妆品的地方。无论你做什么，都不要用最现成的“水”来清洁镜片。盖斯特博士说：“有些人用唾液，可千万别这么做。”尽管脏镜片不会导致眼部感染，但唾液“不是最卫生的方法，而且它的效果也不好”。你只需要每天用皂液、温水和一块干布，即可保持眼镜清洁好用。盖斯特博士说：“我的患者中，有些人说他们看不清，结果只是镜片上有划痕。”
雅思阅读材料：印度男子与39位妻子
A 66-year-old man in India's remote northeast has 39 wives, 94 children and 33 grandchildren, all living under one roof。
They all live in a four storied building with 100 rooms in a mountainous village in Mizoram state, sharing borders with Burma and Bangladesh, according to reports。
“I once married 10 women in one year,” Ziona Chana said。
His wives share a dormitory near Ziona's private bedroom and locals said he likes to have seven or eight of them by his side at all times。
The sons and their wives, and all their children, live in different rooms in the same building, but share a common kitchen。
The wives take turns cooking, while his daughters clean the house and do washing. The men do outdoor jobs like farming and taking care of livestock。
The family, all 167 of them, consumes around 200lb of rice and more than 130lb of potatoes a day. They are supported by their own resources and occasional donations from followers。
“Even today, I am ready to expand my family and willing to go to any extent to marry,” Ziona said。
“I have so many people to care (for) and look after, and I consider myself a lucky man.”
Mr Chana met his oldest wife, who is three years older than he is, when he was 17.
He heads a local Christian religious sect, called the “Chana”, which allows polygamy. Formed in June 1942, the sect believes it will soon be ruling the world with Christ and has a membership of around 400 families。
印度东北部一个偏远地区有一位66岁男子，他共有39位妻子、94名儿女和33个孙子女，所有人都生活在一起。
据报道，他们全都住在印度米佐拉姆邦一个山村中的一栋四层小楼里，楼中共有100个房间。米佐拉姆邦与缅甸和孟加拉国接壤。
这名叫齐奥纳?查纳的男子说：“我曾经在一年内娶了10个老婆。”
齐奥纳私人卧室旁边有一间大寝室是他的妻子们共用的，当地人说齐奥纳喜欢身边总是有七八位老婆陪着他。
他的儿子和儿媳们，以及孙辈们住在同一栋楼的不同房间里，但他们共用一个厨房。
齐奥纳的妻子们和媳妇们轮流做饭，而他的女儿们则负责打扫房子和洗衣服。家庭里的男人们负责耕种、喂养家畜等户外工作。
这个167人的大家庭要吃掉约200磅米饭、130多磅土豆。他们基本能自给自足，偶尔也会有追随者赠送一些食物给他们。
齐奥纳说：“即使是现在，我也很愿意继续娶妻，扩大我的家庭。”
“我有这么多亲人可以去关心和照顾，我觉得我是个幸运的人。”
查纳在17岁时遇到了他的老婆，她大他三岁。
查纳是当地一个叫“查纳”的基.督.教派别的，该教创立于1942年6月，允许一夫多妻制。目前，该教派约有400个家庭的教徒，并且认为他们很快就会和耶稣一起统治世界。
篇3：雅思阅读自学全面攻略
雅思培训是准备雅思考试的捷径之一，因为雅思培训机构中一流的教师、专业的教学资料，会让考生在最短的时间内达到最佳的培训效果。但是也有相当一部分考生，因为经济或时间条件所限，无法参加考前培训，只能进行自主复习。本文中，将针对这部分考生，提出一些雅思阅读自学全面攻略，供考生参考。
告诉大家雅思阅读自学建议
雅思阅读自学建议点：夯实词汇基础
当词汇到了雅思阅读考试中里是相当关键的，考生要心中有数。夯实词汇基础不是注重单词本身的汉语意思，更要注意单词的词性及其用法等，如此才可以帮助考生进一步拓展词汇量，同时还有助于更好地解题。另外，把以上内容理解，有关前缀后缀等知识点考生也同样可以熟练掌握，这样的话可以帮助考生分类记忆词汇，把词汇记忆效率提升，同时还可以在一定程度上帮助考生在阅读文章时猜词。
此外，提醒大家在夯实词汇基础时，别拿着一本从A-Z的单词书去背，如此的效果会不明显的。考生能够选择按照不一样背景题材划分的单词书，或是高频词汇等，如此的效果会更加的明显。
雅思阅读自学建议第二点：扩大阅读量
考生们都知道雅思阅读考试中虽然只有三篇文章，但是这三篇文章的来源是非常广泛的，有时还会牵涉到有的很专业的知识，那么考生若是对这些背景知识不了解的话，势必会影响阅读速度与做题的。因此，要将考生阅读量提升，如经济学人，家地理杂志等等，考生需要合理安排时间去阅读。其实，就像是雅思写作考试一样，不积累背景知识都是有害无利的。
不过，当选择阅读材料时，考生能够选择自己有感兴趣的文章，这样才会提高阅读的积性。从文章中也会积累到很多词汇和其他有用的知识。如果考生根本没有兴趣，那对于自己就是一种折磨。总之，考生要慎重选择。
雅思阅读自学建议第三点：温故而知新
不管学习什么知识都要求大家不断去复习，备考雅思阅读考试也是这样的。如果不复习的话，即快速的把所记的知识忘掉。只有反复记忆，加强复习，才可以使自己的知识点记住地更加牢固，有一句话叫做温故而知新，温习一遍的时候可能就会带来不一样的收获。
当考生自学时，对于复习的重要性要知道，尤其是背单词，不要制定背单词的计划，同时还需要有一个温习的计划，什么时候背了哪些单词，复习时间又是多长，然后再往下进行等等。
另外，当大家记知识点时，要适当的结合练习才行，毕竟实践与理论相结合才能检验出真知，才可以把考生掌握的够不够看出来。
雅思阅读自学指南
一、前期准备
“早起的鸟儿有食吃”，准备考试的同学可以抓紧这段时间，提前做好准备了。提前的时间因人而异，具备大学四级水平的考生一般需要3个月左右，而起点较低的考生可能需要半年甚至是更长的时间。
在这个阶段，专家建议考生必须准备以下内容：
1、基础词汇
对于总分目标是6分的考生，至少需要词汇量5500左右。如果离这个目标很远，那就一定要选择一本单词手册，开始背诵单词了。在挑选词汇手册的时候，一定要注意选择适合自己水平的词汇表，不要盲目求全、求快。收词量如果远远大于考生自身的词汇量，会使考生受挫，从而厌倦背单词，因此要一步步地背起。建议基础较薄弱的考生从高考词汇表开始背起，高中毕业生可以选择从大学四、六级词汇背起。
2、基础语法
语法知识对于英语使用者来说至关重要，因为这不仅关系着听力和阅读中长难句的理解，对于主观性测试口语和写作部分来说，语法能够帮助考生构建正确、地道的句型。如果语法功底不扎实，那么就一定要恶补起来了。语法书一定要配有大量的主观题练习题，而不要全部是选择题，这对于考生的写句子能力有很大帮助。
其次，语法书不一定要从头看起，而是从重要的章节看起。建议考生按照这样的顺序看：句子的基本类型à名词性从句à定语从句à状语从句à非谓语动词，有时间的话再去看其它的如名词与冠词、动词、形容词与副词的内容。
二、热身阶段
在前期准备做了差不多之后，就可以开始正式的热身复习阶段了。这个时间大约需要2-3个月的时间。这段时间以复习真题为主。教材就选用《剑桥雅思》系列的4-7。1-3因为年代久远，与目前考试已经脱节。
阅读部分的复习不是一套题一套题去做，这样很难发现雅思阅读的出题规律。雅思阅读与其它英语考试阅读部分不同之处在于它有很多题型，因此把握题型的出题规律，才是掌握雅思命题规律的关键。
雅思阅读的题型有十几种之多，但是各类题型之间会有很多相似之处。专家将其进行整理，分为以下几大类：
1、判断类
包括TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN和YES/NO/NOT GIVEN
2、填空类
包括Sentence completion, summary completion, table completion, flow chart, diagram labeling，以及Short-answer question
3、选择类
包括Multiple choice (四选一)，pick from a list(多项选择题), global multiple choice(主旨大意选择题)
4、配对类
a) 细节配对类：专有名词-句子;句子-句子;段落-细节配对;classification
b) 主旨配对类：List of headings
这四大类是按照难度来排序的，因此考生可以按照以上的顺序进行循序渐进的复习。可以选取剑桥4-6中的某一类题型进行专项强化练习，并且总结每一种题型的规律。
每一道题目做完以后都要核对答案，之后认真分析、总结做错的原因，看下到底是因为什么原因导致了错误，是词汇量，句型理解除了问题，还是没能理解考官的出题思路。等一个题型全部做完之后，考生就会发现其出题规律。
对于某些文章，尤其是一些和写作的取材比较类似的文章，可以利用时间进行精读，划出重要的词句，以便写作借鉴。对于长难句，一定要在理清其结构的基础上理解句意，而不是囫囵吞枣，一知半解。
三、冲刺应考阶段
这个阶段大约在考试前2-4周，考生利用这段时间进行最后的冲刺。这段时间应当选用雅思真题进行限时实战演练，以便提前适应考场。教材的选用上，专家建议考生选择最新的剑桥雅思7，因为这本书反应了目前雅思考试的一些最新动态，一些出题原则与前面的几套题相比有了一些变化(比如个别判断、填空题不再遵循顺序原则)，应当引起注意。
真题做完以后不是对下答案就结束，而是应当和上一阶段一下，认真总结错误原因并且对某些文章进行精读。
四、注意事项
有些考生准备时间非常充裕，因此喜欢购买大量的模拟题练习。这里要特别指出的是，市面上的模拟题并非考官编写，并没有在真实的考场上使用过，因此很多题目的出题思路与真题可能会不一致甚至会有冲突。因此不建议考生去选购这些模拟题，只需要把剑桥真题系列中的题目理解透彻即可，时间充裕的同学可以考虑把文章精读，因为毕竟精读是彻底提高阅读水平的最好方法。
在没有老师的指导下，独立备考雅思可以说是一个比较艰巨的任务。但是在当今信息资源丰富的时代，相信考生也从各方面汲取雅思信息，了解其他考生的经验和教训，从而在少走弯路，取得理想的成绩。
雅思阅读考试技巧：问答题答题步骤
回答问题(short-answer question tasks)
回答问题是根据所给文章或图表回答问题。在IELTS阅读测试中通常是用下列单词提问：. what、which、when、where、who、whose、whom、why、how 等。除了利用上述单词进行提问外，有时会在答题指引中将所提问题列出。
回答问题答题步骤：
1. 仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。
2. 查看例句，确定答题方式。
3. 要确定问句的种类，一般疑问句可按正常形式回答(例如：yes/no)，如果是选择疑问句或者是以wh/how开头的问句就一定要具体回答
4. 仔细理解问句所提问题。
5. 特别要注意问句中所提问题的关键词语(例如：单数、复数)，以及问句中表明数量、时间、地点的词语。
6. 将问句中的关键词语与文章中相关句子中的词语进行匹配。
7. 确定问句与文章中相关句子含义是否一致，得出答案。
雅思阅读考试技巧：多选题
其实多选题并没有想象的那么难，用一句话来介绍我喜欢用的方法是：把多选题的每一个选项都转化为一个True/False/Not Given题来做。做完之后，所有选True的选项便是应该选择的正确答案。
比如剑4-94页的20-21题：
The list below gives some statements about anthropology.
Which TWO statements are mentioned by the writer of the text?
A It is important for government planners.
B It is a continually growing field of study.
C It often involves long period of fieldwork.
D It is subdivided for study purpose.
E It studies human evolutionary patterns.
那么我们可以把5个选项看做5个TFNG题，然后去解答这些TFNG题。因为TFNG往往是大家练习得很多，现存的技巧很多，特别具有“定位+做题”特色的题，所以大家做起来会觉得轻车熟路。直接划出每个选项中的关键词，如government planners, growing field, filedwork, subdivide, evolutionary patterns. 接下来用这些词去定位，会发现只有D和E是true，其他的都是NG，所以正确答案就是DE。
在剑4-95上还有一道题，大家可以马上尝试自己做这个题目，实践一下上述方法。
篇4：自学雅思阅读怎么能上8
自学雅思阅读怎么能上8?
首先，一定要有充足的时间准备。
据非官方调查表示，具备大学四级水平的烤鸭如果要自学攻破雅思阅读，达到6.5分以上，一般需要三个月左右的时间，而且如果起点较低的烤鸭需要备考雅思阅读的时间，必定花得更加的多。因此，准备考试的烤鸭必须抓紧时间，“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”。
然后，我们来看看自学雅思阅读的烤鸭们需要准备一些什么
词汇量
要是雅思阅读目标是6分的烤鸭，那你的词汇量需要达到5500这个数量左右，如果现在的你离这个目标是有些距离的，那你一定得准备好一本词汇手册，开始累积更多单词，开始背诵更多单词了。那要怎么挑选属于自己的词汇手册呢?烤鸭们必须要注意词汇手册的词汇表，选择的词汇表一定要适用于自己现在的水平，不能盲目去扩充词汇量，也不能太过简单快速。而且如果选择了词汇量比较大的词汇手册，那烤鸭们在背单词的过程中就会很容易产生厌倦情绪，因此建议烤鸭们先从大学四六级的词汇开始背起。
语法
烤鸭们都知道，语法知识这方面对于英语的学习来说地位是至关重要的，不仅仅因为语法与雅思听力和雅思阅读中的长难句理解有着深刻的联系，而且学会运用各种语法是有助于烤鸭们创造正确的句型。如果烤鸭们连语法这个基本功都还未扎实，那就一定要抓紧时间恶补了，而且各种英语语法的教学书当中有很多选择题以外的题型，对于烤鸭们日后在雅思阅读考试中长难句的理解是很有帮助的。
再者，我们来看看应该怎么去复习。
如果烤鸭们上述的准备都做得差不多了，那么烤鸭们就可以开始你们的正式复习了。这段复习的时间其实因不同烤鸭的不同水平而不同，但是至少也应该有个两三个月，所以这两三个月内，建议烤鸭们主要的复习手段都是做真题。材料当然是剑桥系列的第四到第七部，一至三部因为太旧了可能不适用于新的雅思考试出题策略。
更重要的是，雅思阅读部分的练习并不建议烤鸭们one by one地去完成，因为这样做的话烤鸭们会很难才能够发现雅思阅读的一些出题规律。雅思阅读与其它英语考试阅读部分不同之处在于它有很多题型，因此把握题型的出题规律，才是掌握雅思命题规律的关键。
雅思阅读：备考技巧总结
雅思阅读备考技巧一、词汇量一定要够足
烤鸭们必须正确理解还要有效提高自己个人的词汇量，这个词汇量会涉及生活中的方方面面。建议烤鸭们看看机经或者真题，了解一下雅思阅读考试一般的选材题型和材料的类型，从而再进行相对应的专题分类强化训练。同时在训练的过程中烤鸭们也可以运用自身所学到的一些记单词的技巧，其实词汇量这个东西是很容易在短期内有效提高的。此外，尽管许多烤鸭单词量其实还是可以的，但是单词的词型结构却没有分清楚，虽说词型的这一类小问题对考试来说并没有很重要的地位，但希望各位烤鸭不要忽视这个问题，因为要解决这个问题，烤鸭们在备考时多留一个心眼就搞定的，绝对是百利而无一害。
雅思阅读备考技巧二、要理解好背景文化知识
其实我们可以从语言学的角度入手，雅思阅读里面经常也有考察背景知识的题型。建议烤鸭们尽可能地去看一些国家地理的节目或者是BBC的新闻节目，多累计一些背景文化知识，扩充自己的知识面，结合雅思阅读考试的一些经常出现的题型材料然后有目的地分类学习，如果烤鸭们能够坚持下去，一定会在雅思阅读考试中有收获回报的。
雅思阅读备考技巧三、语法一定要熟悉
从我们接触英语，甚至是说接触一门语言开始，我们就理解到一个语言中语法起的是极其重要的作用，如果语言中没有语法或者语法混乱，那么无论是说话的人还是听话的人，都会难以理解。如果烤鸭们放任着自己的语法问题不管，积累下来就会在你日后的英语阅读中产生越来越大的阻碍，更不用说是雅思阅读考试。建议烤鸭们一定要熟悉语法并且能活用各种类型的语法，分析清楚句子的结构，才能在雅思阅读考试中得心应手。
雅思阅读：倒装强调的讲解
(1)倒装
_全部倒装 ：把全部谓语放在主语前。
1. there be 句型(特殊的全部倒装句型)
There are bloody contents ,violence and pornograpgy in the Internet.
2.there /here /now /then 放在句首
Now is the time to take action .
3.方位状语开头
In books are embalmed the greatest toughts of all ages .
4.主语与表语互换位置
Well-know is that energy crisis poses a threat to the society.
5.伴随状语开头
(with 或along with 放在句首时，句子应该全部倒装)
With globalization have come many problems.
_分倒装：只将情态动词，助动词或系动词放在主语前。
1. only +单词 ，词组 ，状语从句位于句首
Only in this way can you learn it well.
Only through education can we rise in the world .
2.以否定意义状语开头，部分倒装
Never /hardly .....when/no sooner...... than/scarcely.......when ......./by no menas /under no circumstances.
Never has this topic failed to fascinate people .
3.neither ......nor 开头
Economic success is not the only factor in achieving happiness ,neither is social status.
4. so 开头
Success teaches us something about ourselves .So does failure.
5.always /often /particularly /many times /many a time 放在句首时
Always am I amazed when I hear people saying that computers can replace teachers.
6.虚拟语气(特殊)
7.让步状语从句：由 though 或 暗示引导时间用倒装，将表语放在句子最前面。
Fascinating as computers utilized in education seem ,teachers' roles are more imperative.
8.so.....that 引导的结果状语从句
So severs is this problem that we have no alternative but to take some feasible measures to deal with it.
(2)强调
1.用 do/does /did+v.强调
Adversity best discovers virtue .
Adversity does best discover virtue.
Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace.
2.adv.或 adj.可表强调：never /only /very
This is the very question that deserves careful analysis.
Don't hit a man when he is down !Never hit a man when he is down!
The freedom of heart will never die .Only the freedom of heart will never die.
3.双重否定
Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks.
4.what 引导的主从
The lack of motive makes life dreary.
What makes life dreary is the lack of motive.
Cooperation really matters.
What really matters is cooperation.
5.倒装可表强调
A good job was never done without great effort.
Never was a good job done without great effort.
Little do people take into account the serousness of this problem .
6.比较状语从句
The scientific method is the most important tool for understanding the world .
Nothing is more powerful for understanding the world than the scientific method.
7.It is /was +被强调部分+that/who +原句剩余部分
(1)强调主语：It is the first step that costs most.
(2)强调宾语：It is yourself who/that you should first believe in.
(3)强调地点状语：It is in the whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has meaning .
(4)强调方式状语：It is through cooperation rether than conflict that your greatest success will be derived.
(5)强调状语从句：It is while we are young that the habit of industry is formed.
雅思阅读：主语从句的讲解
一，主语从句可以由以下引导词引导：that /whether /whoever/which/whta /whatever /where / how/when/why /if
(1) That 引导主语从句，在主语从句中不做成分
That everyone may receive at least a moderate education is significant.
That education plays a vital role in all walks of life is clear
That advertisements are predominant in our day-to-day lives is obvious
(2)Whether 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
Whether you can succeed in making your dream come true depends on hard work more than lick.
Whether tachnology is a blessing or a curse is discussed heatedly by people
Whether computers can replace the role of teachers has long been a hot topic
(3)Whoever 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做主语。
Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps
Whoever dares wins .
Whoever seeks obtains.
Whoever suffers gets.
(4)Which 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做定语
Which way you turn is up to you
Which book you read is your decision
(5)What 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做主语，宾语。
What's done can't be undone .
What we do willingly is easy.
(6) Whatever 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做主语，宾语
Whatever is at the center of our life will be the source of our wisdom and power.
Wharever you love and trust in this world loves you in return.
(7)Where 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
Where we love is home
(8)How 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
How you think and act will influence your life .
(9) when引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
When the sun is dhining is the best time to repair the roof .
When you can make it depends on your efforts.
(10)Why 引导主语从句，在主语从句中做状语。
Why so many people prefer to live in the city beyond me .
Why dinosaurs became extinct has long been a mystery to sxientists and researchers.
二，主语从句与形式主语it 的关系。
主语从句如果过长时，可用it替代，将原来的主语从句放在后面。
三，雅思写作中形式主语从句的使用
1.It's a fact ......
2.It's strange.....
3It's no wonder.....
4It seems.......
5It's said......
6It's reported....
7.It's believed....
8.It's universally-accepted...
9.It's announced .....
10.It's estimated....
11.It must be admitted.....
12.It's obvious ......
13.It can safely be said .......
14.It makes no difference.....
15.It's generally recognized........
16.It must be stressed out........
17.It has been proved..........
18.It is widely-accepted........
19.It can't be denied ...........
21.It's as clear as crystal.......
22.It goes without saying.......
23.It is thought........
24.It is commonly found......
25.It should be noted that.....
26.It is acknowledged......
27.It is well-know....
28.It is known to all.....
29.It is always the case.....
30.It is crystal-clear....
篇5：雅思阅读自学该如何准备？
一、前期准备
常言道“早起的鸟儿有食吃”，准备考试的同学可以抓紧这段时间，提前做好准备了。提前的时间因人而异，具备大学四级水平的考生一般需要3个月左右，而起点较低的考生可能需要半年甚至是更长的时间。
在这个阶段，专家建议考生必须准备以下内容：
1、基础词汇
对于总分目标是6分的考生，至少需要词汇量5500左右。如果离这个目标很远，那就一定要选择一本单词手册，开始背诵单词了。在挑选词汇手册的时候，一定要注意选择适合自己水平的词汇表，不要盲目求全、求快。收词量如果远远大于考生自身的词汇量，会使考生受挫，从而厌倦背单词，因此要一步步地背起。建议基础较薄弱的考生从高考词汇表开始背起，高中毕业生可以选择从大学四、六级词汇背起。
2、基础语法
语法知识对于英语使用者来说至关重要，因为这不仅关系着听力和阅读中长难句的理解，对于主观性测试口语和写作部分来说，语法能够帮助考生构建正确、地道的句型。如果语法功底不扎实，那么就一定要恶补起来了。语法书一定要配有大量的主观题练习题，而不要全部是选择题，这对于考生的写句子能力有很大帮助。
其次，语法书不一定要从头看起，而是从重要的章节看起。建议考生按照这样的顺序看：句子的基本类型：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词，有时间的话再去看其它的如名词与冠词、动词、形容词与副词的内容。
二、热身阶段
在前期准备做了差不多之后，就可以开始正式的热身复习阶段了。这个时间大约需要2-3个月的时间。这段时间以复习真题为主。教材就选用《剑桥雅思》系列的4-11。1-3因为年代久远，与目前考试已经脱节。
阅读部分的复习不是一套题一套题去做，这样很难发现雅思阅读的出题规律。雅思阅读与其它英语考试阅读部分不同之处在于它有很多题型，因此把握题型的出题规律，才是掌握雅思命题规律的关键。
雅思阅读的题型有十几种之多，但是各类题型之间会有很多相似之处。专家将其进行整理，分为以下几大类：
1、判断类
包括TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN和YES/NO/NOT GIVEN
2、填空类
包括Sentence completion, summary completion, table completion, flow chart, diagram labeling，以及Short-answer question
3、选择类
包括Multiple choice (四选一)，pick from a list(多项选择题), global multiple choice(主旨大意选择题)
4、配对类
a) 细节配对类：专有名词-句子;句子-句子;段落-细节配对;classification
b) 主旨配对类：List of headings
这四大类是按照难度来排序的，因此考生可以按照以上的顺序进行循序渐进的复习。可以选取剑桥4-10中的某一类题型进行专项强化练习，并且总结每一种题型的规律。
每一道题目做完以后都要核对答案，之后认真分析、总结做错的原因，看下到底是因为什么原因导致了错误，是词汇量，句型理解除了问题，还是没能理解考官的出题思路。等一个题型全部做完之后，考生就会发现其出题规律。
对于某些文章，尤其是一些和写作的取材比较类似的文章，可以利用时间进行精读，划出重要的词句，以便写作借鉴。对于长难句，一定要在理清其结构的基础上理解句意，而不是囫囵吞枣，一知半解。
三、冲刺应考阶段
这个阶段大约在考试前2-4周，考生利用这段时间进行最后的冲刺。这段时间应当选用雅思真题进行限时实战演练，以便提前适应考场。教材的选用上，专家建议考生选择最新的剑桥雅思11，因为这本书反应了目前雅思考试的一些最新动态，一些出题原则与前面的几套题相比有了一些变化(比如个别判断、填空题不再遵循顺序原则)，应当引起注意。
真题做完以后不是对下答案就结束，而是应当和上一阶段一下，认真总结错误原因并且对某些文章进行精读。
四、注意事项
有些考生准备时间非常充裕，因此喜欢购买大量的模拟题练习。这里要特别指出的是，市面上的模拟题并非考官编写，并没有在真实的考场上使用过，因此很多题目的出题思路与真题可能会不一致甚至会有冲突。因此不建议考生去选购这些模拟题，只需要把剑桥真题系列中的题目理解透彻即可，时间充裕的同学可以考虑把文章精读，因为毕竟精读是彻底提高阅读水平的最好方法。
篇6：自学雅思的阅读备考方法
自学雅思的阅读备考方法一文描述了在自学的情况下，我们应该怎样备考雅思阅读。无论你报补习班还是自己复习，都应该做到知己知彼百战不殆。
自学雅思的阅读备考方法
自学雅思的阅读备考方法为你带来在准备自己学习复习备考雅思的情况下，应该怎样复习雅思阅读。首先我们要了解雅思阅读都考什么。怎么考，其次我们要找好适合自己的雅思阅读备考材料。最后，我们要根据自身的弱点制定备考计划。下面我们就一起看一下文章怎么说。
雅思阅读主要是先按各种题型讲解题方法。雅思的阅读可以大致分成4类：
1。overview questions：List of headings
2。viewpoint questions: T/F/NG
3。summarizing questions: summary
4。specific questions: multiple choice; short answer; sentence completion; flow chart; table completion; matching
以上按顺序难度递减。
每种题型都有其解题的方法步骤以及注意事项，这是没有接触过雅思阅读的学生必须学的(不论程度怎样!!!)。因为在雅思阅读中不仅要做得对，更要做得快，如果不熟悉题型，很可能来不及做或掉入题目的陷阱中!!!
至于每种题型的方法这里就不详细说了，大家可以收集市面上的资源。但有一点值得注意：
在选购了自己觉得不错的书后(一定要是讲方法的)，可以学习书中的方法并分析书中所提供的试题，因为阅读不是会了方法就一定能做对的，必须要通过练习来感悟，学以致用!!!
那么有人会问，哪些试题比较权威呢?!
这个问题太简单了。在学习了讲题方法后，买本剑3，学一个题型后就到剑3中把这种题型都做一遍(即把剑3当作单项训练)，在掌握各种题型的解题方法后(剑3的题目也练完了)，买本剑4，把剑4当作实际考试来做，从中再积累点综合解题的心得。
总结一下：先学解题方法并通过剑3巩固，再做剑4进一步训练综合解题的能力，这样是最有效的也是最捷进的了。
有的学生又要问，自己怎么自学呢?!
市面上有剑3和剑4试题的详解还附有文章的译文和重点单词，所以大家大可以自学。
对于已经同大学英语四级或具有同等水平的学生来说，直接学解题方法并通过剑桥的试题训练就可以达到一个不错的分数。如果是想拿高分的(7分以上)，那么在做剑桥的同时，可以把里面的文章精读，扩大词汇量，把文章多读几遍，读透，提高综合的阅读能力。两本书G类试题不算的话，有24篇长文章，若能坚持读完那么综合的阅读能力一定能提高!!!
对于尚未达到大学英语四级水平的学生，建议先不要做剑桥。我建议可以买些其他的难度稍低的阅读书来提高一定的阅读量提高一下英语基础。这一步是为了打基础，所以大可选用非雅思的阅读，但是如果能选用难度略低，有符合雅思阅读要求的题目当然是最好的。同样也是要精读文章，积累词汇量和看长文章的能力，在打下了一定的基础后，再来研究真实的雅思试题，效果会更好!!!
需要说明的是，在没有了解雅思的情况，想通过自学后去考试的同学，请不要急于做真题，因为雅思的真题很少，一口气做完了，后面就没有权威的题目了，所以必须在对雅思有一定的了解，掌握了一定的方法后再去拿真题来巩固，这样比较好。
以上就是自学雅思的阅读备考方法的全部内容，同学们一定要根据自身的特点进行备考计划的制定。不管你是报补习班还是要自己备考雅思，我们都应该做到知己知彼百战不殆。雅思阅读是雅思4科目中较容易在短时间内进行提分的科目，我们应该有效利用这个特点。
雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案
How to increase sales
From The Economist print edition
How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales
1.A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is.Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended.Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.
2.At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology，set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct.The idea is that，if a certain product is seen to be popular，shoppers are likely to choose it too.The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.
3.Enter smart-cart technology.In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag，a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer.As a customer walks past a shelf of goods，a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product.If the number is high，he is more likely to select it too.
4.Mr Usmani's “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is，the one everyone else bought.The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world，mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets.But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work，and testing will get under way in the spring.
5.Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could，indeed，be boosted in this way.Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14,000 people downloaded previously unknown songs.The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded，they followed the crowd.When the songs were not ordered by rank，but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed，the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced.People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.
6.In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category，and the rankings are updated weekly.Icosystem，a company in Cambridge，Massachusetts，also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.
7.And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet.Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers.Even in the privacy of your home，you can still be part of the swarm.
Questions 1-6
Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
1.Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.
2.In shops, products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.
3.According to Mr. Usmani, with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon, a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.
4.On the way to everyday items at the back of the store, shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.
5.If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high, other customers tend to follow them.
6.Using the “swarm-moves” model, shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.
Questions 7-12
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write
YES if the statement agrees with the information中华考试网(www.Examw。com)
NO if the statement contraicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage
7.Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.
8.People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.
9.Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.
10.People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.
11.Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.
12.Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.
雅思考试阅读模拟练习及答案
Answer keys:
1.答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)
2.答案：expensive. (第1段第4行： Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)
3.答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome, Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani, a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology, described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)
4.答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance, by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store, forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)
5.答案：screen. (第3段第4行：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.)
6.答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)
7.答案：NO.(第4段第3、4句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world, mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd, and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 “get under way”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)
8.答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)
9.答案：YES。(第5段第3句：The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded, they followed the crowd.)
10.答案：NO。(第5段最后两句：When the songs are not ordered by rank, but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed, the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced的词义是“显著的、明显的”)
11.答案：YES。(第6段第1句：In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)
12.答案：YES。(最后一段最后一句：Even in the privacy of your home, you can still be part of the swarm. home应该算是everyday life的一部分)
篇7：自学雅思的阅读备考方法
自学雅思的阅读备考方法
雅思阅读主要是先按各种题型讲解题方法。雅思的阅读可以大致分成4类：
1。overview questions：List of headings
2。viewpoint questions: T/F/NG
3。summarizing questions: summary
4。specific questions: multiple choice; short answer; sentence completion; flow chart; table completion; matching
以上按顺序难度递减。
每种题型都有其解题的方法步骤以及注意事项，这是没有接触过雅思阅读的学生必须学的(不论程度怎样!!!)。因为在雅思阅读中不仅要做得对，更要做得快，如果不熟悉题型，很可能来不及做或掉入题目的陷阱中!!!
至于每种题型的方法这里就不详细说了，大家可以收集市面上的资源。但有一点值得注意：
在选购了自己觉得不错的书后(一定要是讲方法的)，可以学习书中的方法并分析书中所提供的试题，因为阅读不是会了方法就一定能做对的，必须要通过练习来感悟，学以致用!!!
那么有人会问，哪些试题比较权威呢?!
这个问题太简单了。在学习了讲题方法后，买本剑3，学一个题型后就到剑3中把这种题型都做一遍(即把剑3当作单项训练)，在掌握各种题型的解题方法后(剑3的题目也练完了)，买本剑4，把剑4当作实际考试来做，从中再积累点综合解题的心得。
总结一下：先学解题方法并通过剑3巩固，再做剑4进一步训练综合解题的能力，这样是最有效的也是最捷进的了。
有的学生又要问，自己怎么自学呢?!
市面上有剑3和剑4试题的详解还附有文章的译文和重点单词，所以大家大可以自学。
对于已经同大学英语四级或具有同等水平的学生来说，直接学解题方法并通过剑桥的试题训练就可以达到一个不错的分数。如果是想拿高分的(7分以上)，那么在做剑桥的同时，可以把里面的文章精读，扩大词汇量，把文章多读几遍，读透，提高综合的阅读能力。两本书G类试题不算的话，有24篇长文章，若能坚持读完那么综合的阅读能力一定能提高!!!
对于尚未达到大学英语四级水平的学生，建议先不要做剑桥。我建议可以买些其他的难度稍低的阅读书来提高一定的阅读量提高一下英语基础。这一步是为了打基础，所以大可选用非雅思的阅读，但是如果能选用难度略低，有符合雅思阅读要求的题目当然是最好的。同样也是要精读文章，积累词汇量和看长文章的能力，在打下了一定的基础后，再来研究真实的雅思试题，效果会更好!!!
需要说明的是，在没有了解雅思的情况，想通过自学后去考试的同学，请不要急于做真题，因为雅思的真题很少，一口气做完了，后面就没有权威的题目了，所以必须在对雅思有一定的了解，掌握了一定的方法后再去拿真题来巩固，这样比较好。
以上就是自学雅思的阅读备考方法的全部内容，同学们一定要根据自身的特点进行备考计划的制定。不管你是报补习班还是要自己备考雅思，我们都应该做到知己知彼百战不殆。雅思阅读是雅思4科目中较容易在短时间内进行提分的科目，我们应该有效利用这个特点。
雅思阅读材料：日本科学家克隆出581只相同的老鼠
Biologists in Japan have cloned 581 mice from one original donor mouse, Livescience reported. The scientists made the mice over 25 generations of cloning; that is, from making clones from clones from clones, 25 times over。
根据Livescience的报道，日本生物学家用一只小鼠的基因供体克隆出581只小鼠。这些科学家们克隆了25代小鼠，即：用克隆鼠克隆新的小鼠，一共克隆了25次。
They could probably make animal clones indefinitely, the research team wrote in a paper published last week in the journal Cell Stem Cell。
研究团队在上周发表在《干细胞》期刊中的论文称，他们很有可能会让动物无休无止地克隆下去。
Really. Check out the last sentence of their abstract: “Our results show that repeatediterative recloning is possible and suggest that, with adequately efficient techniques, it may be possible to reclone animals indefinitely.”
是这样吗?我们来看看论文摘要的一句话：“我们的研究结果证明多代克隆是可能实现的。如果技术到位，那么克隆出无穷多代的动物都是可能的。”
The 581 cloned mice were made using an improved version of somatic cell nuclear transfer, the technique that created Dolly the cloned sheep in .这581只小鼠是用改进后的体细胞克隆技术克隆得到的，这一技术最早是在克隆多莉时发明的。
Previously, researchers using somatic nuclear cell transfer would get fewer and fewer animals every time they tried to make a clone from a clone. Eventually, they wouldn't get any new clones at all. Cloned mammals also often died sooner than their non-clonedcounterparts。
在此之前，运用体细胞克隆技术反复克隆动物时，被克隆的动物数量会越来越少，直到最终无法克隆出新动物为止。被克隆出的哺乳动物也会比非克隆的同类动物死得更早。
The cloning team protected the mice's DNA from the genetic abnormalities they (the humans) think reduced the efficiency of previous cloning efforts. The researchers didn't lose any cloning efficiency over their 25 generations, they reported, and their cloned mice lived normal lifespans of about two years。
这支研究团队保护了小鼠的基因，使其不发生基因异常。他们认为，基因异常正是降低克隆形成率的罪魁祸首。研究者称，这25代小鼠的克隆过程中克隆形成率并没有降低，小鼠的寿命也很正常，约能生存两年时间。
Cloning could help reproduce animals for farming or conservation, Sayaka Wakayama, a biologist at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology who led the cloning study, said in a statement。
日本理化研究所的生物学家若山清香是这次研究的负责人，他在一个声明中提到，克隆技术可以繁殖动物，为农业和动物保护服务。
This isn't the first time Wakayama has made some big strides in cloning. He previously cloned mice from bodies of mice that had been frozen for 16 years。
这已经不是若山清香在克隆技术上的个重大成就了。此前他曾经以一只冰冻了的小鼠为供体克隆出了一只小鼠。
雅思阅读材料：美学者发明可视眼镜
High-tech glasses developed at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis may help surgeons visualize cancer cells, which glow blue when viewed through the eyewear.
The wearable technology, so new it's yet unnamed, was used during surgery for the first time today at Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine.
Cancer cells are notoriously difficult to see, even under high-powered magnification. The glasses are designed to make it easier for surgeons to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells, helping to ensure that no stray tumor cells are left behind during surgery.
“We're in the early stages of this technology, and more development and testing will be done, but we're certainly encouraged by the potential benefits to patients,” said breast surgeon Julie Margenthaler, MD, an associate professor of surgery at Washington University, who performed today's operation. “Imagine what it would mean if these glasses eliminated the need for follow-up surgery and the associated pain, inconvenience and anxiety.”
Current standard of care requires surgeons to remove the tumor and some neighboring tissue that may or may not include cancer cells. The samples are sent to a pathology lab and viewed under a microscope. If cancer cells are found in neighboring tissue, a second surgery often is recommended to remove additional tissue that also is checked for the presence of cancer.
The glasses could reduce the need for additional surgical procedures and subsequent stress on patients, as well as time and expense.
Margenthaler said about 20 to 25 percent of breast cancer patients who have lumps removed require a second surgery because current technology doesn't adequately show the extent of the disease during the first operation.
“Our hope is that this new technology will reduce or ideally eliminate the need for a second surgery,” she said.
The technology, developed by a team led by Samuel Achilefu, PhD, professor of radiology and biomedical engineering at Washington University, incorporates custom video technology, a head-mounted display and a targeted molecular agent that attaches to cancer cells, making them glow when viewed with the glasses.
In a study published in the Journal of Biomedical Optics, researchers noted that tumors as small as 1 mm in diameter (the thickness of about 10 sheets of paper) could be detected.
Ryan Fields, MD, a Washington University assistant professor of surgery and Siteman surgeon, plans to wear the glasses later this month when he operates to remove a melanoma from a patient. He said he welcomes the new technology, which theoretically could be used to visualize any type of cancer.
“A limitation of surgery is that it's not always clear to the naked eye the distinction between normal tissue and cancerous tissue,” Fields said. “With the glasses developed by Dr. Achilefu, we can better identify the tissue that must be removed.”
In pilot studies conducted on lab mice, the researchers utilized indocyanine green, a commonly used contrast agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration. When the agent is injected into the tumor, the cancerous cells glow when viewed with the glasses and a special light.
Achilefu, who also is co-leader of the Oncologic Imaging Program at Siteman Cancer Center and professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics, is seeking FDA approval for a different molecular agent he's helping to develop for use with the glasses. This agent specifically targets and stays longer in cancer cells.
“This technology has great potential for patients and health-care professionals,” Achilefu said. “Our goal is to make sure no cancer is left behind.”
Dr. Achilefu has worked with Washington University's Office of Technology Management and has a patent pending for the technology.
The research is funded by the National Cancer Institute (R01CA171651) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
透过一副特制的高科技眼镜，医生小心切除闪着蓝光的癌变组织……当地时间2月10日，一台特殊的外科手术在美国密苏里州圣路易斯市一家医院里进行，借助这项刚刚问世的可视技术，原本几不可见的癌细胞变得无所遁形。
据美国媒体报道，这副能够“看见”癌细胞的眼镜由华盛顿大学(W U)放射学和生物医学工程学教授塞缪尔?阿基里弗教授领队研发成功，在理想状态下，它可以帮助外科医生在手术时一次性彻底切除所有癌变组织。
众所周知，即使置于高性能的显微镜下，癌细胞也难以被发现。但有了这副眼镜之后，医生能够轻松区分健康细胞和癌细胞，从而确保首次手术时不会遗漏任何癌变组织，进行二次切除手术以“查缺补漏”的可能性也由此大大降低。
据介绍，使用时，需要先把一种特定的分子药剂涂抹在肿瘤及其周边组织上，这种药剂会附着于癌细胞、令其发出肉眼不可见的光芒，然后，主刀医生戴上一个形似眼镜的头盔式显示器，通过自定义视频技术，即可看清癌细胞分布于何处。
“目前，我们尚处于研究初期，未来会进行更多的改进和测试工作。”乳腺外科医生朱莉?马格塔勒是10日进行手术的主刀大夫，同时也是个在实际操作中使用癌细胞可视眼镜的人，“一想到这项新技术将令病患获益良多，我们就干劲十足。”
依据现在的医护流程，外科医生手术时需要切除肿瘤及其附近组织，而这些组织中可能存在、也可能不存在癌细胞。随后，切除下的组织标本被送往病理实验室接受检验，如果在其中发现癌细胞，则需进行第二次甚至多次手术，直至癌变组织被完全切除。
据马格塔勒介绍，依靠现有的技术，无法准备判定癌变组织的全部范围，所以大约20%至25%的乳腺癌患者接受首次手术切除肿瘤后，还需经受第二次手术。
“借助这种癌细胞可视眼镜，可以在首次手术时一次性切除所有癌变组织。这意味着，没有必要再进行后续手术，病人也无需承担随之而来的病痛和手术费用。”马格塔勒希望，这项新技术能够降低、甚至完全消除二次手术。
篇8：雅思阅读分数上不去要如何备考
雅思阅读分数上不去 要如何备考?
阅读题效率低的原因和解决方法归为以下三个：
首先，当然是词汇。任何一篇内容相对复杂的阅读文章，都不可避免地出现大量生僻词语或者是难度相对较大的单词。从文章的选材而言，范围是十分丰富的，主要来自世界各国主要的英文报刊杂志，内容涉及任何一个国家的文化、经济、自然和科技等。
而IELTS考试所考查的，是实际运用语言的能力，所以在考试中真正需要理解的单词，或是题目中真正考查到的单词，往往是英语阅读中的一些最核心的单词。这些单词虽然数量不多，难度不大，但却是必须掌握的。就考试而言，掌握6000左右的常用词汇，即大学六级大纲中所要求的词汇是必须的。
第二，复杂的句型结构。有些同学的词汇量已经达到了6000左右，但是依然感觉读不懂文章，这就是因为文章中充斥着大量结构复杂难以把握的复杂句。
如：The challenge now is to develop policies and practices based on a presumption of shared responsibility between men and women, and a presumption that there are potential benefits for men and women, as well as for families and the community, if there is greater gender equality in the responsibilities and pleasures of family life.
这是一个相对复杂的句子，主干是the challenge now is to develop policies and practices, 从based on到句子的结尾处是由过去分词短语充当的状语。后一个presumption后面有一个由that引导的从句，充当presumption的同位语。在同位语的后面，有一个if 引导的条件状语从句。一般而言，对同学们造成障碍的是并列句或并列复合句，倒装结构，所以在训练时可以精挑一个语段做仔细分析。
第三，题型多样化。这个障碍使原本已经拥有相当英语语言实力的考生，在考试中因为缺乏对题型的理解，或是被众多题型干扰，不能正常发挥。
一些必考题型如list of headings, summary, T/F/NG等，可以作为练习重点。如summary题是很多同学感到头痛的题型，普遍感到非常难找。其实不然，只要记住两大原则即可。
原则一，顺序原则。summary题的答案排列顺序，必定与文章的行文顺序一致。原则二，完整的summary，不仅应该能够体现文章本身所表达的思想含义，而且必须是符合语法规律的英语文章。所以根据语法也可以进行判断。
在准备考试的过程中，除了要做IELTS考题之外，还要进行泛读和快速阅读。泛读可以选择一些英美主流媒体的文章，在网站上可以找到，目的是熟悉单词和句型。快速阅读就是用扫描文章的方法对其结构有大致的了解，并把握其主旨。
同时，在重点句子和词汇上做出标记。这种方法对阅读考试帮助极大，平时可多加练习。另外，为了提高阅读的速度还要养成良好的阅读习惯，不能边看边用嘴跟着读，眼、嘴并用必会降低阅读速度;
一旦发现生词(这种情况绝大多数同学都肯定要遇到)，先不要紧张，要通过英语构词法(前缀、词根和后缀)来分析推测词义，或结合上下文、前后词语去猜测，如果根据上下文及前后词语还是无法确切了解其真正含义，可以再看一下这个词对整个句子所构成的影响是肯定的，还是否定的，实际上这对你理解作者的意图已足够了，实在不行就做上记号，将来看一看是否影响答题，如无影响就坚决忽略。
雅思阅读模拟练习及答案
From The Economist print edition
How shops can exploit people’s herd mentality to increase sales
1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is， how ants， bees or any social animal， including humans， behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.
2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes， also of the Florida Institute of Technology， set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that， if a certain product is seen to be popular， shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.
3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani’s supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag， a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information， and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.
4. Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is， the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work， and testing will get under way in the spring.
5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could， indeed， be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14，000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded， they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.
6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category， and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem， a company in Cambridge， Massachusetts， also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.
7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm.
Questions 1-6
Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.
2. In shops， products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.
3. According to Mr. Usmani， with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon， a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.
4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store， shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.
5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high， other customers tend to follow them.
6. Using the “swarm-moves” model， shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.
Questions 7-12
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write
YES if the statement agrees with the information
NO if the statement contraicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage
7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.
8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.
9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.
10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.
11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.
12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.
Answer keys：
1. 答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2 行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)
2. 答案：expensive. (第1段第4 行： Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)
3. 答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1 句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)
4. 答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2 句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)
5. 答案：screen. (第3段第4 行：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.)
6. 答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmani’s “swarm- moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)
7. 答案：NO. (第4段第3、4 句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd， and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 “get under way”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)
8. 答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)
9. 答案：YES。 (第5段第3 句：The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded， they followed the crowd.)
10. 答案：NO。 (第5段最后两句：When the songs are not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced 的词义是“显著的、明显的”)
11. 答案：YES。 (第6段第1 句：In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)
12. 答案：YES。 (最后一段最后一句：Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm. home应该算是everyday life的一部分
雅思阅读模拟练习及答案
Rogue theory of smell gets a boost
1. A controversial theory of how we smell， which claims that our fine sense of odour depends on quantum mechanics， has been given the thumbs up by a team of physicists.
2. Calculations by researchers at University College London (UCL) show that the idea that we smell odour molecules by sensing their molecular vibrations makes sense in terms of the physics involved.
3. That’s still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid-1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct. But it should make other scientists take the idea more seriously.
4. “This is a big step forward，” says Turin， who has now set up his own perfume company Flexitral in Virginia. He says that since he published his theory， “it has been ignored rather than criticized.”
5. Most scientists have assumed that our sense of smell depends on receptors in the nose detecting the shape of incoming molecules， which triggers a signal to the brain. This molecular ’lock and key’ process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body’s detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for example， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.
6. But Turin argued that smell doesn’t seem to fit this picture very well. Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs. And molecules with very different structures can smell similar. Most strikingly， some molecules can smell different — to animals， if not necessarily to humans — simply because they contain different isotopes (atoms that are chemically identical but have a different mass)。
7. Turin’s explanation for these smelly facts invokes the idea that the smell signal in olfactory receptor proteins is triggered not by an odour molecule’s shape， but by its vibrations， which can enourage an electron to jump between two parts of the receptor in a quantum-mechanical process called tunnelling. This electron movement could initiate the smell signal being sent to the brain.
8. This would explain why isotopes can smell different： their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier. Turin’s mechanism， says Marshall Stoneham of the UCL team， is more like swipe-card identification than a key fitting a lock.
9. Vibration-assisted electron tunnelling can undoubtedly occur — it is used in an experimental technique for measuring molecular vibrations. “The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stoneham’s colleague， Andrew Horsfield.
10. Stoneham says that when he first heard about Turin’s idea， while Turin was himself based at UCL， “I didn’t believe it”。 But， he adds， “because it was an interesting idea， I thought I should prove it couldn’t work. I did some simple calculations， and only then began to feel Luca could be right.” Now Stoneham and his co-workers have done the job more thoroughly， in a paper soon to be published in Physical Review Letters.
11. The UCL team calculated the rates of electron hopping in a nose receptor that has an odorant molecule bound to it. This rate depends on various properties of the biomolecular system that are not known， but the researchers could estimate these parameters based on typical values for molecules of this sort.
12. The key issue is whether the hopping rate with the odorant in place is significantly greater than that without it. The calculations show that it is — which means that odour identification in this way seems theoretically possible.
13. But Horsfield stresses that that’s different from a proof of Turin’s idea. “So far things look plausible， but we need proper experimental verification. We’re beginning to think about what experiments could be performed.”
14. Meanwhile， Turin is pressing ahead with his hypothesis. “At Flexitral we have been designing odorants exclusively on the basis of their computed vibrations，” he says. “Our success rate at odorant discovery is two orders of magnitude better than the competition.” At the very least， he is putting his money where his nose is.
Questions 1-4
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer
FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer
NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage
1. The result of the study at UCL agrees with Turin’s theory.
2. The study at UCL could conclusively prove what Luca Turin has hypothesized.
3. Turin left his post at UCL and started his own business because his theory was ignored.
4. The molecules of alcohols and those of thiols look alike.
Questions 5-9
Complete the sentences below with words from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
5. The hypothesis that we smell by sensing the molecular vibration was made by ______.
6. Turin’s company is based in ______.
7. Most scientists believed that our nose works in the same way as our ______.
8. Different isotopes can smell different when ______ weigh differently.
9. According to Audrew Horsfield， it is still to be proved that ______ could really occur in human nose.
Question 10-12
Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
10. What’s the name of the researcher who collaborated with Stoneham?
11. What is the next step of the UCL team’s study?
12. What is the theoretical basis in designing odorants in Turin’s company?
(by Zhou Hong)
Answer Keys and Explanations
1. T 见第一段。“give sth the thumbs up”为“接受“的意思。
2. F 见第三段。 “That’s still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid- 1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct.”意即“现在尚无法证实生物物理学家Luca在九十年代中期提出的理论是否正确。”
3. NG
4. T 见第六段 “Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs.”“identical” 一词是“完全相同”的意思。这句话是说alcohols和thiols的分子结构看起来一样，但是它们的味道却相去甚远。
5. Luca Turin 文章第二，三和七段均可看出Luca的理论即人类的鼻子是通过感觉气味分子的震动来分辨气味的。
6. Virginia 见第四段。
7. tongue 见第五段 “This molecular ’lock and key’ process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body’s detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for example， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.”
8. the atoms 见第八段 “This would explain why isotopes can smell different： their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier.”
9. vibration-assisted electron tunneling 见第九段 ““The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stoneham’s colleague， Andrew Horsfield.” 句中的代词“this”指句首的“vibration-assisted electron tunneling”。
10. Andrew Horsfield 见第九段结尾。
11.proper experimental verification 见第十三段。
12.their computed vibrations 见第十四段
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