高考英语书面表达常用语句 教案教学设计(人教版英语高考复习)

下面是小编整理的高考英语书面表达常用语句 教案教学设计(人教版英语高考复习)，本文共14篇，欢迎您阅读，希望对您有所帮助。

篇1：高考英语书面表达常用语句 教案教学设计(人教版英语高考复习)

记人类

1. Hong Zhanhui, aged 23, a college student, is one of the top ten people who moved China in .

2. He treated well/ took good care of his 11-year-old sister like a father.

3. He is highly praised for what he has done and what he is doing.

4. Poor as he is, he never gives up his studies.

5. Such is Hong Zhanhui, a poor but strong-minded and great person.

叙事类

1. The other day I was playing in the park when I met a foreigner， who was looking very worried.

2. He thanked me for having helped him out of trouble.

3. Seeing the case, I jumped off my bike and helped the driver, whose car was struck in the mud.

4. Through our joint efforts, we managed to do it/made it/succeeded in catching the thief.

5. The badly hurt boy was rushed to the nearest hospital.

6. It so happened that I was passing there.

7. Five minutes later, some firefighters with an ambulance arrived.

8. It was the boy’s bravery and cleverness that saved the people on the train.

日记类

1. It is Sunday today. This morning we had a social activity---visiting a car factory/ a farm/ a theme park.

2. From the activity we have learned a lot.

3. We benefited a lot from the activity.

4. We can realize that science is playing a more and more important part/role in modern agriculture and industry.

5. From it we must enhance our sense of duty to protect wildlife and our Mother Earth.

6. While visiting, we thought a lot.

7. What an unforgettable experience!

8. Never shall I forget the activity!

9. This is the lesson we should learn.

10. Though tired, we felt very happy.

找工作/求职

1. I read your advertisement in yesterday’s newspaper.

2. I think I can be the right/suitable person you want. I want to be a volunteer.

3. I know from it that you have a vacancy for a typist/driver/secretary, etc.

4. I am sure I am suitable for the job.

5. Besides being good at typing, I have fluent/excellent spoken English.

6. I want very much to apply for the job you offer.

7. I am very interested in the job.

8. If I can get the job/can be employed, I will try my best to do it well.

9. I am looking forward to receiving your reply.

写信/邮件/回信

1. I am writing to tell you that we will have a get-together/ party next week.

2. I am writing to ask whether you have made a final decision to study abroad.

3. I am glad to receive your letter/e-mail saying that you are coming here next month. I am glad to know that you have been admitted to your dream university.

4. Remember me to your family. Good luck!

5. Expecting your writing back

图表变化类用语

1. As we can see from the chart, the number of people who use mobile phones is increasing steadily.

2. As can be seen from the table, there have been great changes in the ways of people getting information.

3. Compared to the year before last, it is obvious that the number has fallen sharply.

4. Great changes have taken place since .

5. The number stays nearly the same, indicating that reading remains an important way that people acquire knowledge or find information.

6. More and more people turn to the Internet.

7. Nowadays, people have changed greatly in their eating habits.

8. It is no doubt it is the quickest and most convenient way to do things.

9. Living in the country, people can refresh themselves, breathing the fresh air.

10. By riding bicycles, people can produce, in a certain degree, no pollution to the environment.

11. More people are rich enough to afford such things as traveling.

12. Therefore, we can see it is a natural process with the development of science.

应用类

1. I want to ask two days’ leave because I need to be physically examined.

2. May I have your attention, please, everybody? I have an announcement to make.

3. I am writing to thank you for having given me so much help.

4. When I arrived at your home, you happened to be out, so I left the message.

5. I am writing to make an apology to you for what I have said about you and what I have done to you.

说明类（方向、坐落、指示）

1． My home is not far from here; it is only two blocks (away from here).

2． The bookstore is right on the left side of the street.

3． The museum is on the opposite side of the street.

4． There is a beautiful garden lying in the middle of the square.

5． There will be a strong wind to the north of the Huai River.

6． They live next door to us. They are our next-door neighbors.

7． Ireland is a large island in Europe.

8． Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom while the rest of the island makes up the Republic of Ireland.

9． The Ireland just west of Britain is called Ireland.

10． Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.

11． The British Isles are surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the North Sea to the east.

12． The largest island is called Britain, which is separated from France by the English Channel, which at one point is only 20 miles wide.

13． A new factory is to be located on this site.

14． The information office is located in the city center.

15． Behind it you will find a white building. That’s the library where you can find the very book.

16． The village is situated in a valley.

17． Where will the school be located?

18． This is a beautiful situation overlooking the valley.

19． That is the right direction of the site.

20． Go/walk straight until you find the traffic lights/reach a crossroads. Turn right, and you will find a bus stop.

讲道理类、观点对比类

21． In recent years, studying abroad has been popular.

22． There are several reasons for it.

23． I don’t think it is good for a child to begin learning a foreign language at a rather early age.

24． We have two main reasons why we are against it.

25． This should be done under others’ guidance/with others’ help.

26． To value time is to value life.

27． One of the reasons is that most of us cannot afford it.

28． It has some advantages as well as disadvantages.

29． Every coin has two sides.

30． As far as we know, it is of great benefit to our health and study.

31． We should arrange it scientifically.

32． Only in this way, can we solve the problem.

33． Recently we have had a heated discussion about whether we should have more time for out-of-class activity.

34． Opinions are divided into two parts.

35． They hold the view/opinion that students should take part in more social practice.

36． 30% of them are against/for the idea (that….)

37． They think it necessary to do so.

38． On the other hand/on the contrary/however, 65% of them insist that computer games be forbidden, even on weekends.

39． In conclusion, most people are in favor of the plan.

40． What is your opinion?

热点话题类

1. It is very important to live in harmony with one another/each other.

2. We must learn to get on well with others.

3. Noise pollution is more serious than before.

4. People should realize the serious situation.

5. The government should take immediate and necessary measures to deal with the problem.

6. In recent years costs in colleges and universities/hospitals tend to increase.

7. Though burdens/loads on farmers’ shoulders are reduced, yet most of them still have financial problem in sending their children to colleges or universities.

8. Costs should be reduced reasonably.

9. Students can have different ways to pay for their schooling.

10. They can win a scholarship through hard work.

11. Also, bank loan is another way.

12. Besides, they can take a suitable part-time job when necessary.

13. What’s more, our government can offer allowance to poor students for their life and study.

14. Planting trees is another effective way to prevent sand and sandstorms.

15. Take action before it is too late/we regret.

16. Something small may cause a big/great disaster.

17. We can learn to be independent.

18. We must do by ourselves what we can do.

19. If everyone had paid enough attention to the problem, we would not have been trapped in such a difficult position.

篇2：书面表达解题指导(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

一、以形式主语it引导的句型。

句型1. It happened（chanced）that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如：

It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。＝He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.

句型2、It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done 如：（还有动词appear可这样使用）

It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.好像你以去过北京。＝He seemed to have been Beijing before.

句型3. It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：

It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移，及形式)。

It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for, as 或since）

It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。）

句型4、It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它。（注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气）

It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。

句型5、It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句. 如：

It was said that he had read this novel.据说他读过这篇小说。＝He was said to have read this novel.

句型6、It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。)如：

It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。

句型7、It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如：

He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。

句型8、It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略。)如：

It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议推迟会议。

句型9、It is/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：

It was this house where I was born.请比较：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调句型。)

句型10、It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：

It was when he came back from the United States. 请比较：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.

句型11、It is well-known that＋从句。如：

It is well-known that she is a learned woman.众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。

句型12、It is +段时间＋since+主语＋did. 请比较：

It was +段时间＋since+主语＋had done. 如：

It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿五年了。

It was five years since he left here.（同上）

句型13、It +谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（ before引导的是时间状语从句。） 如：

It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。

It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之后他才能回来。

句型14、It is +形容词＋for+ sb.+ to do. 如：

It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。

句型15、It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. +to do.=

主语+ be +形容词＋to do.(常用的形容词有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如：

It is kind of you to help me.＝You are kind to help me.你真好给我提供了帮助。

二、定语从句：

句型16、由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：

As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。）

句型17、由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：

He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。（注意：关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。）

句型18、由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：

This is the house where I used to come.请比较：This is the house which / that I used to come to.

This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较：This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.

说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看语法中的定语从句。

三、让步状语从句

句型19、No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose＋从句，＋主句。注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态。如：

No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较：Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一定要做好。

No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较：Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。

说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。

注意：I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。

四、条件状语从句

句型20、When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如：

As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。

Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。

句型21、主句＋on condition that+从句。如：

I will go with you on condition that you give me some money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。

句型22、主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定。)如：

I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。

句型23、祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如：

Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。

Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句，我就揍你。

句型24、If +necessary / impossible/ important等，＋主句。如：

If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做此事。

五、原因状语从句

句型25、主句＋in case+从句。（in case表示以免）如：

I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。

句型26、主句＋due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如：

He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。

六、时间状语从句

句型27、When / While / As +从句，＋主句。（关于它们之间的区别请看语法。）如：

When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。

句型28、主句＋after / before +从句. 如：

They hadn’t been married four months before they were devoiced.他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了。

We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完此工作就回家了。

句型29、主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句（或时间）.请比较：

主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句。如：

I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。

I didn’t worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。

句型30、As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句. 如：

My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。

句型31、No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did. 请比较：

主语＋had + no sooner +done…than +主语＋did. 如：

No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北京就给你打电话了。

I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you.

句型32、Hardly +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had +hardly + done…when / before +主语＋did.

Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完晚饭就出去了。

She had hardly had supper when she went out.

句型33、By the time+从句，＋主句.（注意时态的变化。）如：

By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。

By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书。

句型34、each / every time +从句，＋主句. (这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如：

Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是随便来看看我。

七、地点状语从句

句型35、Where +从句，＋主句. 如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。

句型36、Anywhere / wherever+从句，＋主句. 如：

Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。

I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。

八、目的状语从句

句型37、主句＋in order that / so that +从句.如：

I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。

句型38、主句＋for+sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如：

He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。

九、结果状语从句

句型39、主句＋so that+从句. 如：

It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很泠，因此河水结冰了。

句型40、So+形容词/ 副词＋特定动词＋主语＋…＋that+从句.

So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。

句型41、主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.如：

He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他。

句型42、Such was + 主语＋that +从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如：

Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。

十、比较状语从句

句型43、The +形容词比较级……，（主句）the +形容词比较级＋……如：

The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。

句型44、主语＋谓语＋as +形容词原级＋as +被比较的对象. 如：

He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。

句型45、主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of / between …

He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。

句型46、主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.如：

This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。）

句型47、主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.如：

This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。

The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.那个公社的早稻产量是的两倍。

句型48、主语＋谓语＋the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.如：

Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的大楼比你们的高两倍。

十一、其它句型

句型49、It doesn’t matter wh-+从句。如：

It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。

It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.你来不来无关紧要。

句型50、形容词/ 副词 / 名词（可数单数）+as / though +主语＋谓语，＋主句.如：

Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。

Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格。

Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得很多。

句型51、Were / Should / Had +主语＋谓语，＋主句.如

Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了。

句型52、Only +状语＋特定动词＋主语＋谓语…

Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。

Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。

Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时，我才认识到我错了。

句型53、Not only +特定动词＋主语＋谓语…but also+主语＋谓语…

Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。

句型54、whether….or…, neither…nor…, either…or…

句型55、主语＋doubt＋whether + 从句. 请比较：

主语＋特定否定词＋doubt＋that＋从句. 如：

I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。

书面表达解题指导

一、审题

由于每年的高考书面表达均采用提示性写作，故属于控制性作文。它对写作目的、对象、体裁、内容等作了规定熕以，认真审题，必须做好三方面的工作： 1．审文体；2．审要求；3．审人称。

1． 审文体

写作前，首先要弄清要求写何种体裁的文章，然后再考虑语言、语气的选用，是用口头语还是用书面语。一般地，记叙文、说明文、议论文等多用书面语；而应用文，如书信、口头通知、便条、日记等多用口头语。所以，动笔前，一定要审好文体。

2． 审要求

动笔前，花几分钟时间，弄清题目提示的内容、要求（即注意事项）、时间、环境是非常必要的。这样可以避免出现文不对题的离题现象，也可避免因反复而造成时间上的浪费。

3． 审人称

审人称，即弄清楚书面表达要求用何种人称。如：京皖蒙春季高考书面表达（写书信）要求用第一人称（we），有的同学却用了第三人称，以致白白失掉了许多分。又如：NMET书面表达亦要求用第一人称来写书信。因此，确立人称是审题必不可少的工作之一。

二、紧扣要点

写作时，一定要切题，抓住中心，紧扣要点。题目要求的内容都应该写进去，以保证内容的完整。

1． 列要点

为了防止在写作过程中遗漏要点，情景中给出的各个要点都要逐条列出。给出汉语提示和要求的，要点可能容易找出；以图画（表）为内容的提示，可能稍难确定，但只要充分发挥自己的观察力，就能正确识图（表）以确定正确的要点。其次，还须加上图画（表）以外的汉语提示要点。

2． 紧扣要点，连词成句

同学们应根据内容要求，确定句子的主语和谓语的形式来连词成句。主语和谓语在人称和数上要一致；要正确使用动词的时态和语态。力求正确地使用词语以及地道、现成的英语句型。这就要求同学们平时要大量阅读典型的范文和英语习作。

3． 紧扣要点，连句成篇

首先，文章的组织包括叙述的顺序、各句之间的逻辑关系、过渡词的正确使用及格式的规范。

叙述的顺序一般是由总体到细节或按时间顺序而定。格式的规范只要稍加注意形成习惯即可。为使文章主题突出、行文流畅、语言优美，应注意上下文逻辑关系的确定和过渡词的适当使用，这对提高整篇文章的档次至关重要。为使文章连贯、自然、流畅，平时训练时，要注意运用并掌握一些表示并列、递进、转折等的过渡词。

其次，句子结构的好坏直接影响意义的表达和文章的质量。

句子结构实际上是要求学生用英文思维，排除中文的干扰。尽量使用简单句，在有把握的情况下，可以使用一些结构较复杂的句子，如使用定语从句、状语从句等。 如果遇到较难的词汇，可采用变通的办法化难为易，化繁为简。有时也可适当发挥，增减相关细节。

只要同学们平时多多练习，并注意运用上述方法和技巧，考试时就一定会写出让阅卷老师满意的、高质量的短文。

英语作文的过程

英语作文是英语综合能力的运用，写作前学 生必须具有初步的写作基础，如基本语法知 识，一定数量

的词汇和正确使用标点符号的 能力等。英语作文要求学生除了具备这些基 本能力外，还应该了解作文的过

程和方式。

一、作文的过程 一般说来，作文的过程需经过审题，收集材 料，列出提纲，扩展成文，检查修改和

定稿 这几个阶段。

1．审题 审题是作文的第一步，只有审清题意，才能 按照题意构思具体内容。 审题就是要把握住题

目的中心和范围，确定 文章的体裁，找出文章的主题。如果审题不 当或对题意理解不全面，就会偏题跑题

，甚 至文不对题。以致全功尽弃。 目前高考中常见的是引导式写作题型。题中 的提示语是帮助理解题意

的重要指导，不能 逐字英译，而要按照提示语的规定和暗示进 行扩展引伸，增添细节，构思具体内容。

另外，还应注意作文要求限定的字数，做到 大致相当。字数太少，会辞不达意，言之无 物；字数太多，表

明文章不够简炼，或是把 不必要写的东西写了进去。

2．收集材料 题目审好后，就可根据题目规定的写作对象 和内容范围进行构思和收集材料。构思时要

注意尽可能地抓住要点，不要溢出题外。如 写“Television”就不要把newspaper的内 容也考虑进去，写

“My School”,则不要把 my family也了拉扯进去。在一篇字数有限 的短文里，在收集材料，进行构思的

阶段更 应该严密地防止出现离题偏题的现象。 在构思的同时，我们最好能把可以想到的与 主题有关的素

材记在纸上。譬如要写一篇题 为“My Mother”的作文，我们可能会想到 以下的内容。

(1) Mother's name, age and appearance

(2) Her personality

(3) Her past and present

(4) Her wish

(5) She and my father

(6) Her daily life and her attitude towards life

(7) Her profession and her attitude towards her work

(8) Good neighbourhood

(9) Her kindnesses to her child and to the others

(10) My deep love for her

这些材料还需要加以选择，将那些与主题无关或 关系不紧密的内容删去；对保留下来有用的素材 予以

进一步的整理与归纳，为列提纲作好准备。

3．列出提纲 把有关的材料整理好以后，我们就可以按照一定 的逻辑次序把它们组织起来，分别放进

确定的几个段落中去，列提纲。如“My Mother”一文的 提纲可以被列成下面这种样式：

(1) Introduction-my mother is the loveliest person

(2) About her age and appearance

(3) Mother as an outstanding worker

(4) Mother at home

(5) Her relationship with other people

(6) Conclusion-I am proud of my mother 如果文章较复杂，提纲还可以列得更细，在每 个大标题

下面各还可以列出几个小标题。

4．扩展成文 列好提纲后，我们就可以扩充内容，将提纲发 展成文章。动笔之前，应先考虑好如何开

头， 如何发展，如何结尾。开头和结束应力求简单 扼要，正文应具体面充实地表现主题。臂如根 据上例

中的提纲，我们就可以写成下面这样； 篇作文：

My Mother

My mother is the loveliest person in the world. She loves me very much and is always kind

and gentle. She is now 44 years old. As she has been busy ever since she was young, she looks

older than she really is. She is beginning to get wrinkles around her eyes and her black hair

is going grey.

My mother is an old outstanding worker in her factory. She often goes to work early and

comes home late. She takes pains to do her work and achieves big successes at her ordinary

post. Because of this, she is often praised as an advanced worker.

My mother is also a good housekeeper. She saves every penny that she can and keep the

house in good order. She is always busy with this or that, and nobody ever sees her idle. She

has too much to do in bringing me up, yet she never makes a complaint.

My mother is kind not only to her own child, but to all other people. She is warm-hearted

and likes to help anyone who is in trouble. She takes delight in doing good deeds for the

people. It is natural for her to get on well with all our neighbours. My mother is liked and

respected by all woh know her. I always think how fortunate I am to have such a good mother.

5．检查修改和定稿 检查修改是写作的一个步骤，因此也是不可忽视 的。文章即使写得很流畅完美，

初稿中也难免会 有拼写、标点方面的错误，因此写好初稿后一定 要反复修改。 文章的修改可以从文章的

文字规范和文章的结构 商方面着手，下面列出的是文章检查时所必须注 意的要点：

(1)句于和段落是否围绕文章主题?

(2)内容和情景是否遗漏?

(3)文章内容的陈述与主张是否合乎逻辑情理?

(4)是否为说明文章主题而列举了一定的事实根 据?

(5)文章内容的层次是否有条理?是否还需要重新 组合?

(6)段落的过渡转换是否清楚自然?

(7)文章是否罗嗦重复?句型是否单调呆板?

(8)用词是否准确、丰富?

(9)文章是否简洁明晰?

(10)句子是否缺少必要的成分?

(11)主语和动词是否配合恰当?动词和名词有否漏掉“s”?

(12)各句的时态是否保持一致?

(13)在语态上，主动和被动是否有混淆?

(14)单词拼写、大小写和标点是否正确? 笔迹是否清楚? 在文章交出之前，不要放松任何修改的机会。

经 过多次完善修改，文章就可以定稿了。仔细抄写 后，还要小心地重读几遍，看看有无误抄之处

如何增加书面表达醒目性

近年来高考英语书面表达采用新标准阅卷，要求考生采用一些高级表达方式来增加文章对读者的吸引力即醒目性，使文章具有一道道亮丽的风景，具有较强的美感。本文拟就如何采用一些好学易用、即学即效的高级表达方式来增强文章的醒目性谈谈自己的看法，以期取得举一反三、触类旁通的效果。

一、写好开篇交待句和末尾总结句，增强文章的照应性。

照应是增强文章可读性的重要环节，写好开篇交待句和结尾总结句，做到首尾呼应，前后相连，可以大幅度增强文章的照应性、逻辑性和可读性。

写开篇交待句时因全文尚未铺开，详细内容尚未介绍，因此可写得笼统一些，但结尾总结句是在全文详细内容介绍后作出的总结，应更具体一点。

如人物介绍式书面表达开篇交待句可笼统写成：Li Ping is a middle school student．末尾总结句则应较为详细地写成：Such is Li Ping，a clever and kind boy．单位介绍式书面表达开篇交待句可笼统写成：Our school is a large one．末尾总结句应较为详细地写成：Such is our school，a famous and successful one．

二、写好常识性语句，增强文章的连贯性。

不少书面表达需要使用常识性语句，这些语句虽然原材料中没有反映，但仍很重要，它们既是重要内容，又起着承上启下的作用，对增强文章的可读性很有好处。如在写通知时，结尾部分可使用常识性语句“Don't forget the time and address．”，“I'm sure you'll have a lot of fun．”或“I'm sure you'll have a pleasant time．”，“That's all，thank you．”；写参观欢迎词时，开头部分可使用常识性语句“You're welcome to visit our city．”，“Now，let me tell you something about our school．”或“Let me introduce something about our school to you．”，结尾部分可用“I'm sure you'll have a pleasant journey．”，“That's all，thank you．”；写人物介绍和单位介绍时，开头部分可使用常识性语句“Now，I 'd like to introduce something about our school ／Li Ping to you．”，介绍结束时可用“That's all，thank you．”；写信时可在结尾部分使用常识性语句“Please give my best regards ／love ／wishes to your parents．”或“Remember me to your parents！”，“I hope to hear from you soon．”或“Waiting for your early reply．”等。

三、巧用过渡性词汇，增强文章的逻辑性。

为了增强文章的逻辑性，同学们应学会使用过渡性词汇，因为过渡性词汇可使文章结构更紧凑，上下文更连贯，逻辑性、可读性更强。同学们除了掌握足够的表示各种逻辑关系的连词之外，还应特别注意使用表示因果关系的thanks to（多亏了），as a result（of）（结果），表示并列关系的as well（as）（和），表示对称关系的on one hand．．．on the other hand（一方面，另一方面），表递进关系的 what's more（更何况），what's worse或worse than all，worse than ever，worse still，to make the matter worse（更糟糕的是），以及过渡性插入语As we all know（众所周知），As far as I know（就我所知的而言），I'm sure（我确信），I'm afraid（恐怕）。这些过渡性词汇使用场合十分广阔，使用前景十分看好，只要同学们掌握其使用特点，并增强其使用意识，在绝大多数场合都可以有选择性地将其派上用场，从而为增加书面表达得分起到立竿见影的作用。

四、巧用高级语法，提高文章的表达档次。

高考英语书面表达最高要求就是要求考生用一些高级语法来提高文章的档次，提升文章的品位。当然，高考英语书面表达还不算是完整的文章，还只是写作片段，不需要同学们挖空心思，一味追求新、奇、难的语法。同学们应掌握一些表达效果好、使用场合广、操作简便易行的较高级语法，如现在分词作句首状语或句末状语，强调句、感叹句、with复合宾语句型、such as列举句型、Such be总结句型等。这些句型相对简单易学，表达效果也不错，更重要的是，只要同学们掌握其用法特点，并有意识地加以使用，高考一定能巧妙地将其派上用场并为文章增添风采。下面介绍一下这些高级语法的使用特点。

1、现在分词作句首状语或句末状语往往用在描绘性文字中，可以使被描绘的内容显得更为形象、生动。

Seeing a yellow car drive up Third Street，I made a right turn into Park Road．（NMET2000 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句成功运用了现在分词作句首状语，生动形象地表达了我一见到黄色小汽车便立即向右拐的应急情景。

I don't know about others，but I used to work even at weekends，doing endless homework and attending classes as well．（NMET2000 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句巧妙运用了现在分词作句末状语，生动形象地表明过去我因学业负担过重而感到苦不堪言。

2、Itis／was＋．．．who／that强调句型，适用于强调原句的主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语，该句型情感色彩浓厚，表达效果好，而且好学易用。

It is English and computer classes that I like best．（NMET96 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句出色运用了强调句型，表达了我对英语和电脑特别喜欢的愉快之情，使文章上升了一个档次。

3、感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情色彩，适当运用感叹句可以有效增强文章的情感性、感染性和感召性，从而震撼读者内心，引起读者共鸣。

感叹句比较适合用于对人物或单位介绍结束后，情不自禁地对被介绍对象加以赞扬。

How time flies！（NMET98 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句巧妙运用了感叹句，表达了对时间飞逝的遗憾之情。

4、with ＋名词＋复合宾语句型的恰当使用也可以增加被描绘内容的生动性和趣味性，从而增强文章的感染性，该句型适合对细节性动作进行描绘。

My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind．（NMET97 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句巧用了“with ＋名词＋复合宾语”句型作伴随状语，形象地描绘了我兄弟载我骑车时的“潇洒”姿态，暗示着他这次违章载人难逃警察的干预。

5、such as列举句型是使用场合最广的句型，该句型结构精巧，对称协调，是一个难得的好句型，而且只要有强烈的使用意识，同学们在绝大多数高考中都可让其一展风采。

不过such as句型的技术含量高，一定要稔熟其用法。such as列举句型往往用来强调人或物的个数多，需要不完全列举所有事例。该句型使用时前边先用一个总述句说明人或物的个数多，后边列举二至五个不等的并列成分，这些并列成分应短小精炼，对称协调，通常为一个词或一个短语，而不能为一个句子。

I studied quite a few subjects such as Chinese，maths，English，physics，chemistry and computer．（NMET96书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句用such as列举句型说明了我的学习科目很多，而且结构巧妙，对称和谐。

I can follow my own interests such as reading books，visiting museums and taking computer lessons．（NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句巧妙运用了such as列举句型，结构精巧工整，意义明确协调，堪称上乘佳句。

6、Such be总结句型适合使用于人物／单位介绍式书面表达的末尾对人物或单位进行总结，只要做有心人，在高考中使用该句型的可能性也是很大的。

Such be后边需接名词，名词后边需接同位语，同位语和被修饰名词之间常用逗号隔开。

Such is Sun Shuwei，a hardworking and successful diving star．（MET91 书面表达参考范文片段）

Such is our present life，a happy and colorful one．（NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段）

析：该句巧用了Such be总结句型，表达了减负后学校生活的重大变化，使读者对减负给学校生活带来的变化有了一个更全面、更准确的了解。

写作：结构需严密 行文要连贯

虽然这篇文章是针对高考的,但对于写作也有很大的帮助.

日前，教育部考试中心公布了《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明》。从英语学科来看，今年的《考试说明》与相比，在命题原则、考试内容、考试题型、分值分配等方面基本没有大的变化，体现了高考命题的稳定性和连续性。

有关写作，我们首先看一看20和20高考中的两篇满分作文。

Sample WritingI(2000)

①At 7：15 a.m. on the morning of Feb.8th，2000，I was heading east on the south side of the Park Road，taking my morning walk as usual.②I saw an old man on the other side of the road outside the gate of the City Park.③He was just crossing the street when a car on the 3rd Street made a sudden right turn at the crossing.④The car was so fast that the old man even didnt have time to dodge and the car hit the elderly hard.⑤I thought the driver would have stopped to help，but she didn't.⑥Instead，she just drove off，leaving the old man still lying on the ground in pain.⑦Fortunately，I noted down the details：it was a yellow car，the plate number of which was AC864，and the driver was a young lady.⑧After that，I went over to check out the old man.(30分)

Sample Writing II(2001)

①I'm very pleased to tell you the change s of my life since reduction of learning load was brought in.②But before that，I was often exhausted at weekends.③I attended school and had classes the whole day.④In the evening，I was often forced to do my boring homework and I could not go to bed until 11：30.⑤Since the program of reducing learning load was introduced，my life，however，has been much more interesting.⑥I frequently pay a visit to museums，drop in at computer rooms and draw pictures in my leisure(=spare)time.⑦After lunch，I watch TV，read stories and look through newspapers to enrich my horizon.⑧No longer do I stay up；on the contrary，I go to bed at about 10p.m.⑨Inshort，I am quite satisfied with my life now.(25分)

上面两篇文章都有一些共同的特点：内容充实，要点全面；语言丰富，文字优美；行文连贯，思路清晰，过渡自然，均为满分作文。我们认为，考生要想在高考写作中取得理想的分数，必须明确高考写作考查的形式。

本人曾参加过2000年和2001年高考北京地区英语阅卷工作。从阅卷的情况来看，老师们更多地是从整体上或者说从宏观上把握整篇文章，比较侧重于语言文字的运用，但是这并不意味着考生要刻意去写一些花哨的东西。要在写作中获取一个比较理想的分数，考生应该从以下几个方面入手：

首先，考生要明确考试的写作要求，主要是说明文字型、图表型和图画型三种类型，对写什么(作文内容或要点)，怎么写(行文和语言)在头脑里面应该有一个清醒的思路。从阅卷的情况来看，很多考生没有认真思考，动笔就写，在写作的过程当中或者在检查的时候发现一些错误，不得不进行修改，由于考试时不准使用涂改液和胶条，致使卷面多处用圆珠笔或钢笔涂改，严重影响卷面整洁，也影响了考生的实际成绩。

其次，考生应该从遣词造句角度多下工夫。词法上，要尽可能地运用已经学过的而且比较熟练的词组、短语或成语，要在使用动词、非谓语动词、副词和词语活用等方面多用笔墨；句法句式上，要求变换各种句式，如强调句、倒装句、感叹句、省略句、各种从句和固定句型等，长句和短句交错使用。需要强调的是，考生务必确保在没有错误的前提下作一些适当发挥。

第三，行文连贯是阅卷教师比较看重的一个方面。为了使文章在整体上结构严密，浑然一体，增强文章的说服力和感染力，考生应该在句子与句子之间，甚至段落与段落之间，恰当地使用一些过渡性词语。

另外，考生很容易犯的一个错误是，在写出若干个句子以后不使用连接词或连词，出现“run-onsentence”(连续句)现象，这是英语写作的大忌。考生一定要牢记，在英语书面表达中一定要用一个连词或连接词连接两个句子(当然，有时用一个分号要连接两个句子)，两个连词连接三个句子，三个连词连接四个句子，依次类推。

在交卷前，考生务必将写完的作文阅读两遍，认真检查是否有语法和拼写方面的错误，是否有动词时态、语态方面的错误，是否有中式英语等等，因为上述任何错误都会影响考生的最后成绩。

高考名师谈外语作文题如何得高分

六年的高考书面表达题予以重温，进行热身赛。考生在热身练习中应注意以下四点：

1、学会审题。首先要明确文体：书信、自荐信、日记、通知(书面或口头)、报告、报导、讲演稿、欢迎辞等。其次要明确话题，找出中心思想和重点内容，力求切中题意。

2、注意划线、标出要点。如果是提纲或表格形式，则应在要点下划线，做适当的标记。如果是图画，则可直接在图画旁边标出简短的词语和短句。这样实际上已经打下一个简单的草稿了。

3、整理思路。首先要将考题所给的信息加以整理：是按时间顺序还是按空间顺序？是否需要分段？是用第一人称还是第二人称？是用什么时态和语态？其次要理清思路：是在何处运用恰当的连接成分使整个语篇更加连贯？是在何处运用从句、分词、不定式、动名词等手段使某个句子增添华彩？

4、注意表达准确、得体。书写清晰，标点正确，力求不在卷宗面上涂改。如果某个词语想不出来(或用英语表达不得体)，应想法换一种说法或变成一个句子去写。考生一般不必去数词数，但在估计上力争突破100词，宁可长一点。写完全文之后应注意检查，就像做“改错”一样，纠正必改的错误(但要注意卷面整洁)。

下面是NMET2001书面表达题：假设你是李华，你澳大利亚朋友Dick听说中国的中小学生正在减轻学生的学习负担，来信询问有关情况。请你根据下表提供的信息，写一封回信，谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。周末活动(减负前)周末活动(减负后)白天：上课、做作业参观博物馆、学习电脑、绘画晚上：做作业看新闻读书看报就寝时间：11：30就寝时间：10：00

审题：文体是书信；话题是“减负”。思路：八个句子。

参考答案和写法点评：

第一句：You want to know what is going on in schools in china？对应对方的询问，运用一般陈述句式的疑问句。

第二句：In short，things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learningload.总括减负带来的变化，短语call on运用得体。

第三句：I don｀t know about others，but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.说白天减负前的情况，句末as well用得语言很娴熟。

第四句：Now I have more free time.可起到承上启下的作用。

第五句：I can follow my own in terests such as reading books，visiting museums，and taking computer lessons.

第六句：In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read news papers.晚上减负后的情况，省略减负前的“做作业”的内容。

第七句：What｀s more，I can go to bed earlier.体现概括能力。避免重复介绍两个就寝时间。

第八句：As far as I know，everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.总结全文。As far as I know表达准确。

怎样写好英文日记

英文日记是中学英语书面表达的重要内容，也是高考的重要考点，写好英文日记应注意以下几点：

一、熟悉具有自我特色的语言语法规律，提高表达的准确性。

因为英文日记记述当天已发生的事情，因此在时态上体现一般过去时的特点，根据实际需要有可能个别句子使用过去进行时，同学们一定要熟悉这一时态特点，将一般过去时的时态落实到所适应的每个句子中去。但是日记的最后有可能交待写日记时的感受，可用一般现在时，如日记末尾常出现Now I feel very glad because I have done a good deed．之类的句子，不过该内容也可理解为所述事件发生时的感受，从而表达为：At that time I felt very glad because I had done a good deed．这两句中的时间状语Now和At that time表明两句所用时态是完全正确的。

日记多记述当天发生的有意义的事件，因此常可使用一些具有自我特色的单词、短语和句型，如：hold（举行）、attend（参加）、be present at（出席）、be divided into a few groups to have a discussion（分组讨论）、on one's way to（在某人去某地途中）、happen to（事件发生在……身上）、cross the street（过街）、help sb．to do sth．（帮助某人做某事）、be thankful to sb．或 express one's thanks to sb．for sth．或thank sb．for sth．（因某事对某人表示感激）、be late for（迟到）、do a good deed（做一件好事）等。同学们一定要熟悉这些显示英文日记自我特色的单词、短语和句型，并将这些单词、短语和句型稔熟于心，同时还应加强使用意识，确保在适当场合有选择地加以运用。

二、写好具有自我特色的开篇交待句和末尾总结句，提高文章的照应性。

英文日记往往记述一件特别有意义的事件，因此开篇交待句可简单介绍一下这一事件，如：Today I visited a farm．（NMET98书面表达参考答案开篇交待句）英文日记也可以记叙重大节日的活动，因此其开篇交待句可简单介绍一下这一节日，如：It is Tree Planting Day today．英文日记的末尾总结句往往交待从所述活动中获得的收获，其末尾总结句往往简单介绍这一收获，如：Today Ifeel very glad because Ihave learned a lot from the visit．I feel very glad now because this activity benefits me very much．I decide to do more good deeds for people．

三、写好具有自我特色的过渡性词汇，增强文章的逻辑性。

不少同学写英文日记时，只重事件的表达，而忽略语句的连贯，他们往往记不得使用或不会使用具有自我特色的过渡性词汇，结果写出来的文章缺乏连贯性和逻辑性，影响了文章的可读性。显然，同学们应学会使用过渡性词汇。英文日记以记述事件过程为主，因此往往以时间为写作线索，所以同学们应着重使用表时间的过渡性词汇，如first，then，at last／finally；at that time，now；in the morning，at noon，in the afternoon等；介绍在某一地点从事某活动而交待位置变化时，同学们应着重使用表地点的过渡性词汇，如：here ／there，on either ／every side of或on both ／all sides of，on the one side，on the other side。

四、大胆使用高级表达方式，提高文章的醒目性。

不少同学写英文日记时句式单调，枯燥乏味，缺乏美感，缺乏醒目性。显然，为提高书面表达醒目性，同学们应大胆使用一些常见但较高级的表达方式。同学们可使用感叹句，如：Whatan interesting and instructive day today！同学们也可使用with复合结构，如：I rode my bike across the street with my brother sitting on the back．同学们还可使用强调句型，如：It was early in the morning that we started．

英语写作20字诀

Twenty-word formula (英语写作20字诀）

Agreement: 主语和谓语在人称、数上的一致，关系代词与先行词的一致。

Ambiguity: 尽量不去使用可能引起歧义的词语或句子。

Brief: 文章“简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。

Coherence: 文理通顺，前后连贯。

Development: 主题的发挥应当充分、合理、正确。

Division: 词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和种子片段。

Figures: 正确合理使用各类修辞格式。

Inflated diction: 不使用做作的语言。

Key: 用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。

Logical: 内容要符合逻辑。

Message: 信息要新鲜、确实、可信。

Omit: 合理删除多余的不必要部分。

Proposition: 主张、观点、论述要清楚肯切、合情入理。

Punctuation: 正确适时使用标点符号。

Relevant: 文章一定要要题。

Sentence pattern: 句型要尽量多样化。

Strait: 开门见山，直来直去。

Style: 文体恰切，适合内容要求。

Tense: 动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。

Theme: 选题得当，主题突出。

高考书面表达常见错误范例点击

高考书面表达题的目的是为了测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能进行书面思想交流。从近年高考英语试题来看，书面表达为“情景作文”、“控制作文”或指导性写作，即根据所给情景和提示(包括图画、图表、提纲和短文)写一篇 100字左右的短文，内容涉及一般人际交往和日常生活，体裁通常为书信、日记、通知、简介和描述故事等。

“书面表达”不同于普通作文，无须在审题、立意、选材乃至布局谋篇，谴词造句上酝酿、斟酌。它只要求根据题中的汉语提示或说明来确定体裁，然后用自己最熟悉，最有把握的词语和句型将题中所规定的内容要点加以表达，进而串联成文。其次，“书面表达”又不同于翻译。也就是说，不能简单地将汉语提示逐句译成英语。在具体写作过程中，要做到内容切题、文理通顺、语言准确。

要求是多方面的，归纳起来，要注意以下几点：

(1)认真审题，确定体裁，明确表达要点；

(2)紧紧围绕内容要点表达，既不添枝加叶，又不遗漏要点；

(3)谴词造句必须符合语言规范，切忌硬译、乱译、避免中文式的英语，或根据语法编造一些不地道的语言；(4)扬长避短，注意语言的灵活运用；

(5)正确使用时态、语态、标点符号和字母的大小写，注意主谓一致和单词拼写的准确性。

(6)力求做到内容完整、文字通达、书写规范、条理清楚、卷面整洁、篇幅适中。

【范例点击】

(一) (NMET2001)

假设你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Dick听说中国的中小学正在减轻学生的学习负担，来信询问有关情况。请你根据下表提供的信息，写一封回信，谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.开头已为你写好。

生词：减轻学习负担-reduce learning load

（学生习作）

Dear Dick:

How nice to hear from you again. You want ① know what is going on in schools in China? In short, things have begun to improve ② when schools were called on to reduce learning load. I don't know about ③ the others, but I used to have to work even at ④ weekend doing endless homework and attending classes as well. Now I have free time. I can follow my own ⑤ interest such as reading books, visiting museums, and taking computer lessons. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. What's more, I can go to bed earlier.

As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.

Best wishes

Yours,

Li Hua

［修改与点击］

①修改鴚ant后加to。

【点击】want后不能直接跟动词原形作其宾语，应接带to的动词不定式。本句还可以这样表达：Would you like to know what is going on in schools in China? You want to know something about our studies in schools in our country?

②修改将when改为since。

【点击】这是现在完成时中很常用的一个句型。

类似的说法还有：

Great changes have taken place in our studies since schools were called on to reduce learning load. Things have been quite different in our studies since our schools were demanded to reduce learning load.

③修改去掉the。

【点击】others在表示泛指时，其前通常不用冠词。

④餍薷磨将weekend改为weekends。

【点击】本句应指多个周末。这一句还可以这样表达：

Before reducing learning load,I had to not only do a lot of homework but also attend classes at weekends. Only after calling on to reduce learning load can we have our own weekends, because we had endless homework to do and many different classes to attend at weekends before that.

⑤修改将interest改为interests。

【点击】本句应指多种兴趣。

篇3：高考复习--人教高二Unit1--unit3(人教版高二英语上册教案教学设计)

1 undertake vt.-took, -taken, -taking

担任（职务）；着手（工作）保证; 从事,

断言(that)

（常与to+ inf连用）答应；同意

I undertook to teach the children English.我答应教孩子们英语。

undertake a post担任一个职位

undertake experiment and calculations从事实验和计算

The lawyer undertook the case without a fee.这律师免费承办那个案件。

I can't undertake that you will make a profit.我不能担保你会获利。

He undertook to be here at five.他答应五点钟到这里来。

Undertaker n.承担人, 承办人; 企业家

2 curious adj.好奇的；有求知欲的

It is good to be curious about the world around you.对你周围的世界感到新奇是件好事。

be curious about sth.对(某事物)感到好奇

be curious to (do)很想(做); 渴望(做)

(be) curious to say说来稀奇

3 debate vt., vi.debated, debating讨论，争论

The government is debating the education laws.政府正在就教育法进行辩论。

考虑；思考

He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend.他在考虑去散步或者去访友。

n.讨论，辩论； 讨论会，辩论会

a debate about the punishment for criminals关于如何惩治罪犯的争论

Who open the debate?谁先发言？

beyond debate无疑义, 无可争辩

debate upon讨论(问题)

open the debate在辩论时首先发言

argue debate都含“辩论”的意思。

argue 着重“说理”、“论证”和“企图说服”, 如:

I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.

我和她辩论了好久, 但她还是不听。

debate 着重“双方各述己见”, 内含“交锋”的意思, 如:

We have been debating about the issue.我们一直在就这个问题进行辩论。

4 seek vt., vi.sought, seeking

（常与for, after连用）搜寻，寻找，寻觅

seek fame求名

seek help求助

We sought an answer to the question, but couldn't find one.

我们寻求这个问题的答案，可是没能找到。

After seeking out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress.

“她认出那个粗鲁无礼的售货员之后,要他拿那同一件衣服看看。”

请 求，要求

I will seek my doctor's advice.我将请教医生的意见。

尝试；试图；企图

He sought to make peace.他企图讲和。

seek after [for]寻求, 探索; 追求; 寻找

seek out找出, 搜出; 挑出

seek through找遍

5 observe：可用作动词（vi.＆vt.），主要义项有：观察；监视；认识；注意到；遵守；庆祝；说；评论。作及物动词时，主要搭配形式为：（1）+名词；

Eg. An astronomer observes the stars. 天文学家观察星辰。

（2）+从句；Eg. Please observe how I do this. 请注意看我是怎么做的。

（3）+不定式、分词的复合宾语。

Eg. I observed him enter the bank.我看到他进入了那家银行。

（被动式要用不定式：He was observed to enter the bank.）

I observed a stranger entering the house.我看到一个陌生人进入该屋。

注意：observe后跟不带to的不定式作宾补，但把此结构变为被动语态时要跟带to的不定式。

6 patient n.病人, 患者 adj.忍耐的, 耐心的

I know your leg hurts, just be patient until the doctor arrives.

我知道你的腿伤了，耐心点等医生来。

The doctor visited his patients in hospital.医生在医院里看视他的病人。

be patient with sb.对某人有耐心

patient of容忍; 忍耐

7 work on对...起作用, 对...有影响;使人信服, 说服;从事于, 致力于

work at从事, 致力于, 钻研

work off除去；解除to work off one's debt靠工作还清债务

work out作出, 设计出, 制作出;算出, 得出...答案to work out a sum算出总数

带来好结果；有预期的结果Things will work themselves out.事情会有好结果的。

运动；锻炼to work out daily with sparring partner每天和拳击陪练员练习

8 engage vt., vi.雇；聘; (预)定(房间、座位等)

engage a new secretary聘请新秘书

This seat is engaged.此座已定出。

We engage him as technical adviser.我们聘请他担任技术顾问。

[常用被动语态]从事, 着手, 忙于(in)

约束; 约定; 使订婚, 与…订婚(to)

be engaged in正做着, 正忙着

be engaged to同...订婚

9 difference n.不同；差别；差异

Young people must be taught to learn the difference between good and evil.

必须教导年青人学会区分善与恶。

There are many differences between living in a big city and living in the country.

生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同之处。

make a difference有很大差别, 有很大 不同;有很大的关系[影响]

make a great difference有很大差别, 有很大 不同;有很大的关系[影响]

make a great deal of difference有很大差别, 有很大 不同;有很大的关系[影响]

make a difference between区别对待

make some difference to对...有些关系

make no difference to对...没有关系

make all the difference关系重大, 大不相同

10 rather adv.[常与would或had连用]宁愿, 宁可

稍微; 相当；

[可与or连用]更确切, 更恰当; 更接近

相反地, 倒不如说 ... 更... ；

[口] 当然, 确实如此

[与连词 than 配合使用]与其...不如...; 宁可... 也不...

rather too稍微...一点（rather还可和比较级与too连用，但fairly不可）

Which would you rather have, tea or coffee?你喜欢喝茶; 还是咖啡?

He was rather tired.他有些疲倦了。

He went home very late last night, or rather, in the early hours this morning.

他是昨天深夜回家的, 或者更确切地说, 是今天凌晨。

Do you know her ? R-.你认识她吗? 当然。

She was no better, but rather grew worse.她的病情不但没好转, 反而恶化了。

He resigned rather than take part in such a dishonest transaction .

他宁愿辞职也不愿意参加这样一种欺骗的交易。

Unit two

1 face to face（常与with连用）面对面地

“They've often talked to each other on the telephone, but they've never met each other face to face.”“他们常常互相通电话,但从来没有见过面。”

in the face of不顾；面对，在…前面

in sb.'s face正对着某人; 当着某人的面

He succeeded in the face of great difficulties.尽管有巨大的困难，但他成功了。

We are powerless in the face of such forces.面对这样的势力，我们无能为力。

on the face of it从表面上来看

On the face of it, the document seemed genuine.从表面看，这文件像是真的

v朝, 临, 面向;面对; 应付

face up to大胆面向：

be faced with…;面对

She must face upto the fact that she is no longer young.她必须正视她已不再年轻这一事实。

face a fact面对事实

The window faces the sea.窗户对着海。

2 inform v.(～ of/about) 通知, 告诉, 获悉, 告知

The headmistress informed us that the school would be closed for one day next week.

女校长告诉我们下星期学校将停一天课。

The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything concerning the sales in time.

销售部经理让他手下的人把关于销售量的情况及时报告他。

Inform vi.告发, 告密(against, on)

be well informed about sth.

精通某事; 对某事消息灵通

be informed of听说; 接到...的通知

keep ... informed随时向...报告情况

inform against sb.告发某人, 检举某人

3 relate vt., vi.讲；叙述

I related my adventure to my family.我向家人讲述了我的奇遇。

To him we related our troubles, asking his advice.我们向他讲述了我们的困难,请他指导。

（常与to, with连用）把…联系起来

I can't relate what he does with [to]what he says.我没法把他做的和说的联系起来。

They are related to each other.他们彼此之间有亲戚关系。

vi.有关,涉及[(+to)]I don't know to what this relates.我不知道这与什么有关。

符合[(+with)]Your statement does not relate well with the facts.

你的说法与事实不太符合。

相处[(+to)]She doesn't relate well to her peers.她和同辈处不来。

She doesn't relate well to her mother.她与她母亲相处不很和睦。

4 addict t.使沉溺; 嗜好;...成瘾, 热中于

addict oneself to沉溺于, 醉心于

be addicted to嗜好, 热中

5 tolerate vt.容忍; 忍受; 容许; 默许; 有耐药性[力]

I can't tolerate your bad manners any longer.我再也不能容忍你无礼的行为。

He can't tolerate penicilin.他对盘尼西林无耐药力。

6 concern vt.关于；对…有关系;影响；关系

This concerns us deeply.这事对我们关系极大。

担心；担忧；挂念We're rather concerned about father's health.我们相当担心父亲的健康。

（常与with, about, in连用）关心；关照to concern oneself with public work关心公众事务

We're rather concerned about father's health.我们相当担心父亲的健康。

n.(利害)关系, 关心, 关注, 关注, 所关心的是

as concerns关于

as far as... be concerned关于； 至于； 就...而言

be concerned about关心

be concerned over sth.为某事忧虑

be concerned at sth.为某事忧虑

be concerned in sth.和某事有牵连

be concerned with牵涉到， 与...有关， 参与

feel concern about忧虑， 挂念

give oneself no concern (about)不关切， 对...冷淡

have a concern in和...有利害关系

have no concern with和...毫无关系

of much concern很重要， 很有关系

of no concern无关紧要， 没有意义

with concern关切地

7 bore vt.令人厌烦

I'm bored with this job.我对这件工作厌烦了。

bear with容忍；忍耐

We have to bear with his bad temper because he is a bit frustrated these days.

我们不得不容忍他的坏脾气因为这些日子他有点灰心丧气。

8 go up 上升；上涨；爆炸；焚毁； 攀登

Eg. The temperature is going up.温度上升。

go up in flames 燃烧起来；毁于大火

She went up the ladder.她登上扶梯

相关归纳：（1）go down 下降，下跌；沉没

Eg. She went down by elevator.她乘电梯下去。

Prices are going down.物价正在下跌。

The ship went down into the sea. 那艘船沉到海中。

（2）go off 发射；爆炸；变坏；入寝；进展；聚会；熄灭；中断。go off（with a）bang. 砰一声爆炸了。

Eg. The gun went off by accident. 那支枪意外走火了。

This food has gone off.这食物坏掉了。

The child has gone off（to sleep）. 那个孩子睡着了。

The party went off well. 聚会进行得很顺利。

The power has gone off. 电力中断了。

（3）go on 继续；发生Eg. What’s going on?发生什么事了？

(4) go by：(从...旁)走过, 依照, 顺便走访

9 for once：只有一次相关归纳：

（1）for this/that once只这/那一次，就这/那一回

Eg. I’ll forgive you for this once.我只原谅你这一次。

2）at once 马上；立刻；同时

Eg. Tell her to come at once.叫她马上来。

I can’t do two things at once.我不能同时做两件事。

（3）all at once 突然，忽然；同时；一同

Eg. All at once the door opened.门突然开了。

They spoke all at once.他们同时说话。

10 switch n.[C]开关,电闸,电键You pressed the wrong switch.你按错了开关。

变更,转换,更改There's been a switch in our plans.我们的计划改变了。

【口】调换,交换I asked him why he'd made the switch.我问他为什么要调换。

vt.打开(或关掉)...的开关[(+on/off)]He switched the light on.他打开电灯。

使转换;为...转接(电话)[(+to/over)]

Hang on, please. I'll switch you to the manager.请不要挂断电话。我给你转接到经理那儿去。

改变;转移;调动They switched the talk to a more interesting subject.

他们把谈话转到比较有趣的题目上去了。

vi.改变;转移[(+to)]He studied chemistry and then switched to biology.他原来学化学,后来改学生物。

【口】调换;交换I am on duty tomorrow. I've to switch with someone to go to your party.

我明天值班。我得和谁换一下班才能去参加你们的聚会。

switch from (to)变换, 转移

switch off [on to]切断[接上](电流); 不收听[收听](某一广播); (使)兴味索然[兴致勃勃]

switch over (from one to another)(从某方面)转变(到另一方面)

switch to转(换)到

11 contact n.接触,触碰[U][(+with)]

交往;联系,联络[U][(+with)]

He tried in vain to get into contact with the local branch.

他试图与当地分部取得联络,但没有成功。

be in contact with和...接触， 有联系［脱离接触， 失去联系］

be out of contact with和...接触， 有联系［脱离接触， 失去联系］

bring into contact with使接触， 使与...联系

come into (in) contact with接触， 碰上

have contact with接触到， 和...有联系

lose contact with和...失去联系， 离开

make contact with和...接触［联系］

12 adapt vt.使适应；使适合

He adapted himself to the cold weather.他适应了寒冷的天气。

When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well.

他移居加拿大后孩子们很能适应变化。

改编；改装

The movie was adapted from a novel.这部电影是由小说改编的。

adapt for使适合于; 为...改编[改写]

adapt from根据...改写[改编]

adapt oneself to使自己适应或习惯于某事

adapt sth. to使某事物适应或适合

adopt vt.收养；采取；采用

They adopted our methods.他们采用了我们的办法。

adopt a child收为养子

13 focus one's attention on把注意力集中在...

give (one's)attention to注意; 关心

pay attention to注意, 重视, 倾听

pay one's attentions to殷勤款待某人, 向(女人)献殷勤

attract attention引起注意

catch sb.'s attention 引起某人的注意

with attention留心地, 注意地

devote one's attention to 专心于, 对...注意

14 beat vt., vi. beat, beaten 或 beat, beating

连打The rain was beating against/on the deck.雨打在甲板上。

The rain beat against the windows.雨水拍打在窗户上。

规律性地拍击to beat a drum击鼓

The heart beats.心脏跳动。

搅拌to beat eggs打鸡蛋

击败；胜过We played the top class at football but we couldn't beat them.

我们踢足球是一流水平, 但是我们不能战胜他们。

Unit 3

1 design n.设计, 图案, 花样, 企图, 图谋, (小说等的)构思, 纲要

v.设计, 计划, 谋划, 构思

My brother designs to be an engineer.我弟弟立志要当工程师。

My parents designed me for the navy.我的父母打算要我去当海军。

This room was originally designed to be my study.这间屋子原预定做我的书房。

This machine is of bad design.这部机器设计很差。

This dictionary is designed for college students.这本辞典是供大学生使用的。

The laws were designed to protect children.那些法律是为了保护儿童而制定的。

This book is designed as an introduction to literature.这本书是要用作文学入门读物的。

She designs for a dressmaking company.她替一家服装店设计图样。

by design故意地, 蓄意地

have designs on对...抱不良企图; 图谋加害于; 企图盗窃(某物)

design sb. for打算让某人从事(某种职业);

design sth. for预定某物作(某种用途)

design sb. to be打算让某人从事(某种职业); 预定某物作(某种用途)

2 convenient adj.便利的， 方便的;合宜的

When would it be convenient for you to go?你什么时候去方便？

We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting.

我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会。

注意：convenient主语不能是人。例如：如果你方便的话，英语应表达为：if it is convenient to/for you,而不应表达为：if you are convenient。

3 taste：taste可用作动词（vi.＆vt.）和名词。主要义项有：尝（味），尝起来，有……味道，品尝；体验，领略；味觉；风味；爱好；审美力，鉴赏力。

Eg. Can you taste anything strange in this soup?你尝得出这汤里有什么怪味吗？

The young man has only begun to taste life.那个年轻人才开始体验人生。

This food tastes nice. 这食物味道很好。

This food has little taste. 这食物没有什么味道。

She has developed a taste for Chinese art. 她爱上了中国艺术。

She has excellent taste in jewelry. 她对珠宝有很好的鉴赏力。

注意：taste作连系动词时，不能用于被动语态。

4 set aside：留出, 不顾, 取消, 驳回

相关归纳：（1）set about着手，开始；散布

Eg. We set about cleaning the house.我们着手打扫房子。

Who has set this rumor about?谁散布的这种谣言？

（2）set back 拨慢；阻碍

Eg. He set back his watch three minutes.他将表拨慢了三分钟。

Their plans were set back by the storm.他们的计划被暴风雨所延误。

（3）set off 使爆发；燃放（焰火等）；发射

Eg. set off fireworks 燃放焰火

The joke set us off laughing.那个笑话引得我们大笑。

（4）set out 陈述；陈列；踏上旅途；出发；开始，着手

Eg. set out one’s arguments陈述自己的论点

set out goods on a stall将货品摆在摊子上

We set out for home.我们踏上归途。

He set out to paint the house.他着手粉刷房子。

（5）set up 竖立；设立；开办；使康复

Eg. set up a pole 竖立木柱

set up a sign 竖起招牌

set up a tent 搭帐篷

set up a school 创校

A few weeks’ stay in the countryside will set her up.在乡下住几个星期将使她康复。

注意：set about和set out都有“开始，着手”之意，但前者接名词或动名词，而后者常接不定式。

5 A is to B what C is to D：这是一个比喻句，通常用于“A对B而言正如C对D一样”这个句型。

Eg. We are to them what fish is to water.我们和他们的关系就像鱼儿和水一样。

Smell is to the nose what taste is to the tongue.嗅觉与鼻子的关系如同味觉和舌头的关系。

6 impress：可用作动词（vt.）和名词。主要义项有：使铭记，给……以印象；盖印,压印；印记；铭刻；印象,痕迹,特征。

注意：用作动词时，和介词的主要搭配形式为：impress sth. on sb.； impress sb.with sth.

Eg. The accident impressed on me the necessity of observing regulations.

那次事故使我深感遵守规则的必要性。

He impressed me with the need to work hard.他使我深知努力工作的必要性。

Time has left its impress upon him.时代给他留下了痕迹。

（常与with连用）使（人）印象深刻；使铭记

His words are strongly impressed on my memory.他的话使我深深铭记心头。

（常与on连用）使印象深刻

I impressed on him the importance of his work.我使他注意他的工作的重要性。

（常与on连用）盖（印）；盖（印）于

impress a mark on [upon] a surface=impress a surface with a mark在表面上打记号

be impressed by [at, with]被深深打动[感动]

impress sth. in [on] one's memory使...铭记在心

be favourably [unfavourably] impressed得到好[不好]的印象

7 choice n.挑选；选择；抉择

She had to make a choice between the two dresses.她得在两件衣服中选择一件。

She is the people's choice for Prime Minister.她是人民选出来的首相。

选举权；选举能力

入选者；被选中的人或物

Which is your choice?你选哪一个?

a great\\ large choice of大量可供选择的 (物品等)

a poor choice无从选择; 备货少

at one's own choice随意挑选, 自由选择

have no choice but[后跟动词不定式]非...不可, 除...之外别无他法

without choice无选择地, 不分好歹地

8 despite, in spite of, though

三者都有“尽管”之意，但词性不同。前两者为介词，后跟名词，通常情况下可换用。而though 是连词，后跟句子。

Exercises:

（1）He’s very active ______ his age.

（2）______ all their hard work, the project ended in failure.

（3）______ it was very late, the child would not go to bed.

4）Young ______ he was he knew a lot.

答案：（1）despite/in spite of （2）In spite of/Despite （3）Though （4）though

9 be out of use不通用; 不时行; 作废

bring sth. into use开始使用(某物)

come into use开始被使用

in use正在用; 通用

make use of利用; 使用

no earthly use[口]完全没有用

of no use没有用, 无益

of use有用

put to use利用, 使用

use up用完, 耗尽;[口]使精疲力尽

篇4：浅谈高考书面表达 (人教版英语高考复习)

浅谈高考书面表达

摘要：“书面表达” 要求考生有丰富的语言语法知识，而且有较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。它也是一种融形式、文体、交际三位于一体的试题，所考查内容都体现在表达和传递信息的交流能力。

关键词：书面表达；错因分析；写作建议

今两年，随着高考阅卷方式的变化和高考英语作文题型的变化，学生高考作文的估分与实际得分出入较大，在平时考试中笔者发现很多学生对英语写作存在畏惧心理，在最后的十几分钟里草草地将作文写好，显然像这样的作文是得不到高分的。书面表达是要求考生在一定情景下完成的100-120个词左右的短文。它不但要求考生有丰富的语言语法知识，而且有较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。它也是一种融形式、文体、交际三位于一体的试题，所考查内容都体现在表达和传递信息的交流能力。那么，在平时的教学过程中该如何提高学生的作文应试能力呢？

一，分析考生失分的主要原因

从考生的英语书面表达来看，大多数考生的失分原因有以下几点：

1．语言表达有错误，常见错误主要有以下几种形式。

1）低级错误

是指那些最基本的错误，譬如拼写(大小写)错误；冠词错误；名词单数和复数的错误；主宾格的错误；介词的误用；形容词和副词的误用；时态的错误；主谓一致等等。以上错误在写作中最常见。

2)句子结构错误

这种错误常见的有句子结构不完整(如漏掉be动词)；在表达时试图用比较复杂的结构，但往往又事与愿违，丢三落四；2个句子之间缺乏连词或多用连词；写出断句(sentence fragment)等等。

3)中文式英语（Chinglish）

由于受母语的影响，不少学生在写作时往往习惯于用中文构思或把中文直接翻译成英文，造成用词不当或句子成分的缺失，结果经常出现不地道的汉式英语。2.要点不全。由于考生考试时审题不够认真,没有完全理解题意,或者虽然审题时理解了题意却没有列成提纲就直接下笔写,因为遗漏了部分要点。所以要提醒考生在答题前认真审题，列出提纲后再答题。

3．离题句太多。一篇书面表达词数要求在100-120个词范围之内，大约10句话左右，考生不可以盲目发挥，如果离题句过多，就会冲散主题，影响得分。

4．书写是否工整清晰也会影响考生得分。一篇字迹优美书写工整的作文和一篇字迹模糊反复读了几遍仍有些句子识别不清的文章，两者相比前者得分要远远高于后者。因此，考生平时练习就要注意字体工整、清晰。

二，如何提高书面表达分数的几点建议。

1．运用表示列、递进、转折等关系的过渡词（transitional words）。例如：

1)表示递进 what’s more, what’s better , besides, even, moreover, furthermore ;in addition ,etc.

2)表示并列或选择and，or，as well，as well as，both---and，either---or，neither---nor，some---others otherwise etc.

3)表示转折 but，however，on the contrary，instead，yet; in spite of ; etc.

4)表示因果so，therefore， as a result，because of，due to，owing to，thanks to etc.

5)表示列举 for example，for instance，that is ; namely ; such as，and so on etc.

6)表示总结after all ，in a word，in short，in all，in general ; generally speaking

7)表示对比 while，on one hand，on the other hand etc.

2．在书面表达中运用一些高级词汇和复杂结构，解析新的高考评分细则,我们不难看出,运用高级词汇、复杂句式和适当的过渡连接词语是书面表达得高分的重要手段.这里我们所说的一般表达和高级表达指的是词汇和句式两个方面。例如：

1）学会使用从句

① 使用定语从句

The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written. (一般)

The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)

② 使用状语从句

I won’t believe what he says. (一般)

No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高级)

2）合理使用复杂的句型

① When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. (一般)

The more he spoke, the more excited he felt. (高级)

② Who will be on duty today? (一般)

Whose turn is it to be on duty today? (高级)

③ She can’t correctly pronounce the word. (一般)

She has trouble in pronouncing the word. (高级)

3） 适度使用高级词汇

① As a result the plan was a failure. (一般)

The plan turned out to be a failure. (高级)

② She went to Australia in order to study music. (一般)

She went to Australia for the purpose of studying music. (高级)

③ Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. (一般)

Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable. (高级)

3．避生就熟，进行“曲线”表达

巧用思维拐弯法。当表达某一意思有困难时，巧用常用词语或自己熟悉的词语来进行表达，可达到同样效果，又可避免出错。在表达过程中，应选用自己熟悉的和有把握的词汇及句型，千万不能自己去创造或生搬硬套汉语式的句子。如果遇到确实难以回避的内容，一时又想不起确切的表达法，那就要“拐弯抹角”地去表达，尽量找同义或近义的词语或句型来代替，英语有句谚语：“All roads lead to Rome.”这样既可节约时 间又可避免犯大的错误。

例如：“游客纷至沓来”

1）A large number of visitors come here.

2）There are lots of visitors coming here every day.

3）Many people visit here every day.

4．书写规范，字迹清楚，这是最基本的要求。任何一种形式的书面文字材料，都要求书写规范、拼写正确无误、字迹清晰、大小写、标点符号及移行都要正确。其实，做到这点并不难，只要做练习时认真、细心就行。

三、结束语

近几年来高考书面表达正在一步步地向考试要考语言运用能力这一方向改进，并采用了新的评分标准，因此要求考生语言的准确性和得体性，注重上、下文连贯，注重表达方式多样化。新的评分标准提倡考生使用高级词汇和复杂句式，运用过渡性词汇增强文章连贯性。如果考生在表达中只是运用了简单句，虽然表达了要求的信息，那么得分也不会高。因此，近几年高考要求考生掌握词汇要丰富，句式表达要复杂，适当地使用情感性语言。

参考文献：

[1] 《普通高中英语课程标准》 国家教育部

[2] 《走进新课程》 与课程实践者对话

[3] 马广慧、文秋芳，，《外语教学与研究》第四期

[4]胡春洞，王才仁，1999，《外语教育语言学》，广西教育出版社

篇5：英语书面表达中的句型转换(人教版高考复习)

广东汕头潮阳城南中学 谢振忠

xiezhzhls@126.com

句型转换在英语书面表达中起着非常重要的作用，灵活的运用句型转换能使表达更加生动，避免过多地使用简单句或生硬的照抄原文

广东高考书面表达包括基础写作和任务型写作，是对学生多种英语素质及其英语综合运用能力的全面考查。高考开始设置基础写作和任务型写作，英语书面表达的要求较前有所提高，其难度在于对应用英语语言的准确性要求较高，如果要想得高分，考生必须能够使用较高级的词汇和较复杂的句子结构，完整、流畅、准确、地道地表达思想，达到文理通顺，圆满完成写作任务的交际目的。因此英语书面表达既是教学的难点，也是应试的难点。

广东英语高考中的基础写作是要求考生根据所提供的材料，进行材料作文、看图作文，表格作文等，不一而同。考生要写好作文，平时要做好阅读--进行大量语言知识输入，丰富语言的源泉，通过阅读大量英语文章，学生渐渐学会准确地把握英语篇章结构，精彩的语言表达，时态语态等基本语法、基本句型及基本词汇的用法，这是提高英语书面表达能力的基础。根据基础写作的要求，用5个句来表达全部内容，这是基础写作题与传统书面表达题最显著的不同点，也是学生感到辣手的难点所在，因为在传统写作中没有句数的限制，基础较差的学生为了不犯句法错误总是使用一些简单句，现在行不通了。而现在要求用5个句子把所有的内容表达完整、准确，势必要求考生要采用复合句或并列句来综合多个信息点，而且还要照顾句子之间的衔接和语意上的连贯，才能避免句数超出或因句型单一而得不到高分。

综上所述，考生如何避免过多使用简单句，如何把简单句整合为复合句，从而完整地、准确地完成写作任务？下面就英语句型转换中简单句型转变为复杂句型在英语书面表达的应用提出几点看法。

所谓句型转换（the transformation of sentence patterns）就是保留句子原意而把句子中的某些成分或整个句子结构加以变换。例如：我们用两个句子来表达A：Jane had lost her purse.珍妮丢了钱包。B: Jane had to borrow some money.珍妮不得不借一些钱。同样我们也可以用下面的方法来表达同样的意思：

1）Jane, who had lost her purse, had to borrow some money.(定语从句)

2) Jane, having lost her purse, had to borrow some money.(现在分词短语)

3）Jane lost her purse, and had to borrow some money.(并列句)

一、简单句型结合为简单句型：两个或两个以上的简单句在意思上彼此联系很紧密时，可以结合为一个简单句型。

1．用并列连词。表示关联的并列连词有：and, both…and…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, as well as等。

1) Li Hua is a League menber. Xie Lei is also a League member.

Both Li Hua and Xie Lei are League members.

2) I haven’t seen the film. He hasn’t seen the film, too.

Neither I nor he has seen the film.

3) She has knowledge. She has experience.

She has not only knowledge but also experience.

或She has experience as well as knowledge.

二、简单句型结合为复合句型

两个或两个以上的简单句型在意思上彼此联系很紧凑时，可以结合为一个复合句型。

1．用名词性从句

1）用主语从句结合

He will come to the meeting. This is certain.

It is certain that he will come to the meeting.

You didn’t go to see such a wonderful play. It’s a pity.

It’s a pity that you didn’t go to see such a wonderful play.

2)用表语从句结合

We should stick to our original plan. This is my idea.

My idea is that we should stick to our original plan.

Can we finish our work by tomorrow evening? That is my question.

My question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.

3)用宾语从句结合

He will be back tomorrow. We hope so.

We hope that he will be back tomorrow.

You have done an excellent day’s work. I am much pleased to see it.

I am much pleased to see what an excellent day’s work you have done.

2、用定语从句结合

1）用关系代词把前后两个简单句结合成一个复合句型：

He is a teacher. He often helps us.

He is a teacher who often helps us.

In our courtyard there was a big date tree. I liked it very much.

In our courtyard there was a big date tree which I liked wery much.

2）用关系副词把前后两个简单句结合成一个复合句型：

This is the beautiful village. Comrade Mao once lived here.

This is the beautiful village where Comrade Mao once lived.

The day will come. People of the world will live a peaceful and happy life.

The day will come when people of the world live a peaceful and happy life.

3、用同位语从句

We will win greater victories next year. There can be no doubt about it.

There can be no doubt that we will win greater wictories next year.

You had succeeded very well. This was the news to me. It gave me nuch pleasure.

The news that you had succeeded very well gave me much pleasure.

4、用状语从句。状语从句包括时间状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等。

We’re in school. We must keep fit,study well and work hard.

While we’re in school, we must keep fit, study well and work hard.(时间状语从句)

John studied very hard. He answered all the questions correctly.

John answered all the questions correctly because he studied very hard. (原因状语从句)

You must work hard. Then you can fulfil your plan ahead of time.

You must work hard in order that you can fulfil you plan ahead of time. （目的状语从句）

It was raining cats and dogs. We could not go out.

It was raining cats and dogs, so that we could not go out(结果状语从句)

He ran very fast. I could not catch him.

He ran so fast that I could not catch him. (结果状语从句)

John told a very funny story. Mary wanted to hear it again.

John told such a funny story that Mary wanted to hear it again. (结果状语从句)

He has had great success. He remains modest and prudent.

Even if he has had great success, he remains modest and prudent. (让步状语从句)

You work hard at English. You will make progress.

If you work hard at English, you will make progress.(条件状语从句)

I shall not od it, You give me permission.

I shall not do it unless you give me permission.（同上）

You are tall. He is taller.

He is taller than you. （比较状语从句）

Beijing is large. Shanghai is also large.

Beijing is as large as Shanghai. （同上）

英语书面表达是对学生的英语综合能力的考查，难度高，这要求学生要有扎实的基础知识，要熟练掌握简单句的五种基本句型、并列句句型以及复合句句型。在完成基础写作时，基础差的同学可先用简单句把提供的信息完整地表达出来后，运用各种句型进行拆分和组合，简单句、并列句和复合句有机结合，长句和短句交插，更好地把写作内容表达完整。以下面这篇描写某个地方的短文为例：

（1）We can imagine the beautiful surroundings．（2）There are many trees along the streets．（3）There is a clean river in the city．（4） There are many fishes in the river．（5）There are willow trees on the one side．（6）There are some pieces of grassland on the other side．（7）There are many flowers on them．

文中七个句子都是简单句，句型结构单一，而且句子长短同一，都在七、八词左右，十分单调。下面是运用句型转换修改后的段落：

（1）Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we make our cities greener．（2）Green trees line the streets．（3）A clean river winds through the city，in which a lot of fishes abound．（4）On the one side stand rows of willow trees．（5）On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers．

改写后的这段文字，有长句（1）、（3）、（5），也有短句（2）和（4），一长一短，抑扬顿挫的节奏感就出来了。不仅句子长短交插，而且句型结构变化也很大，使文章流畅自然，生动活泼。

再以广东英语高考基础写作为例：

你很荣幸地成为北京奥运会的一名志愿者，负责编写奥运比赛项目的英语介绍。

[写作内容]

请根据以下中文提纲，编写射击项目的英语介绍：

背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。

1896：第一次成为奥运项目

1904：中断

1928：中断

1932：重回奥运会

1968：第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛

现状：稳步发展，1896奥运会只有三项射击项目，现今有17项。

在开始写作时，考生可以先把上面提供的信息先翻译成一个一个的简单句，然后再根据所学句型转换的知识，对简单句进行整合，合并成为并列句或复合句，如：

射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。

Shooting was originally a tool of people’s survival. It developed into a sprots event at the end of nineteenth century.

这两句可以合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句：Shooting was originally a tool of people’s survival, which developed into a sprots event at the end of nineteenth century.

In 1904 and 1928 Olympics, it was stopped. After that it returned in 1932.

这两可以合并为：In 1904 and 1928 Olympics, it was stopped，after which it returned in 1932.

学好英语的句型转换还表现在能用不同的句型来表达同样的意思，如：例1：他正在努力学好英语。

A.He is working hard at English.

B.He is making an active effort to study English well.

C.He is devoting himself to English study.

以上A,B,C,三句学生都学过，但比较一下，当然还是B、C两句优于A句。在书面表达时，应选用象B ,C这样含高级词、词组的优美句子。让阅卷老师觉得耳目一新，与众不同，从而对你的文章产生好感，最后为自己赢得宝贵的分数。

例2：我突然想到一个主意。

A. I had an idea suddenly.

B. In a flash I thought of an idea.

C. An idea flashed across my mind.

D. An idea began to form in my mind.

很明显，A句就比较一般，几乎每个中学生都会，而B，C，D三句给人的感觉是优美、生动、形象。

例3：美国最大的城市是纽约，它位于美国的东海岸，有“大苹果”之称。联合国总部大楼就坐落在这里。

The east coast city ----New York is its biggest city ,which is also known as the “Big Apple”, where the United Nations’ building stands.这一句的表达就比较好。此句中，出现了两个定语从句，（一个是which引导的，另一个是where引导的定语从句）。而有的学生就只会用简单的句子来表达，使句子显得松散。

要较好地完成一篇英语书面表达应注意尽量采用长短不一、结构不同的句子，避免单调平淡，使表达更加丰富多彩，如正确使用定语从句，同位语从句或状语从句，会使你的文章更紧凑而避免松散；

事实证明：“运用之妙，存乎一心”。只要我们学生尽早掌握语言学习规律，注意运用句型转换，多练习，做到厚积薄发，就会更好地完成英语书面表达，取得好的成绩。

篇6：高考英语书面表达经典句型 教学总结

一 用于驳斥和比较的常用句型

In general, I don’t agree with…

In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.

There is no doubt that…

What is more serious is that…

Besides, we should not neglect that…

The chief reason why…is that…

But the problem is not so simple. Therefore…

We have no reason to believe that…

二 用于描写数据的常用句型

The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.

It was decreased twice than that of the year .

It has increased by three times compared with that of .

There is an increase of 20% in total this year.

The number is five times as much as that of 200.

The total number was lowed by 10%.

Compared with , it fell from 15 to 10 percent.

It would be expected to increase 5 times.

三.解释原因,分析影响的常用句型

1. It can be easily proved that…

2. I am of the opinion that…[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]

3. To take…as an example…

4. No one can deny that…

5. The change in…largely results from the fact that…

6. As everyone knows…

7. It can be expressed as follows:

8. The chief reason is that…

四.有关文章,段落起始的常用句型

1. As the proverbs says…

2. with the rapid growth of our economy/transportation system /heavy industry/modern agriculture/private enterprises/population/market economy/housing industry.

3. With the rapid growing popularity of Internet surfing /computers /cars /mobiles phones /television in China, the quality of our lives is improving for the better.

4. With the rapid development of science and technology /electronic industry /information industry /higher education…an increasing number of people come to know that…

5. The government is /We are seriously concerned with drug abuse /widespread corruption /organized crimes / high unemployment rate…

6. Recently the issue of…has been brought to public attention. /Now people in growing number are coming to realize that…

7. It is quite clear that…because…

8. It goes without saying that…/Generally speaking…/It is often said that…

五.有关文章和段落结尾的常用句型

1. From this point of view, we can see…

2. Without computer /cell phones /cars /telecommunication /Internet, it would be difficult to imagine modern life.

3. In a word /In conclusion /To sum up…

4. Thus, this is the reason why we must…/It is obvious that we must…

5. It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on…

6. I want to do /be…not only because…but also because…

7. Let us work hand in hand to do…

8. In short, population explosion /environmental pollution are the major problems to be solved to make our world a better place in which to live.

六.用于论证和说明的常用句型

1. It is described that…

2. It has been illustrated…

3. It provides a good example of …

4. A number of further facts may be added…

5. A recent investigation indicates that…

6. According to a latest study, it can be concluded that…

7. Examples given lead us to conclude that…

8. All the facts suggested that…

9. No one can deny the fact that …

10. According to the latest survey, we can draw a conclusion that…

书面表达中表达情感的句型:

Do you think you’ll like it? If not, I can try and find another flat for you.

As far as I know, everyone is happy about the arrangement of this.

I hope you will come to China to watch Olympic Games 2008. Then I’ll be very happy to be your guide.

I hope you will come and see for yourself （本人）some day.

How I wish we could stay there longer!

I’m sure you’ll enjoy the dinner and have a good time with us.

I hope you can come here for a visit some day.

Do come here for the great fun.

Do you think one and a half hours will be enough?

We all expect you to join us. If you are too

篇7：虚拟语气 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)

虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的。

一．在非真实条件句中

虚拟条件句（if从句） 主句

与现在事实

相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/ should + do

与过去事实

相反 主语 + 主语 + would/could/might/should + have done

与将来事实

相反 ①主语 + did

②主语 +were to do

③主语 + should do 主语 + would/could/might/should + do

1 If I were you, I would buy it. 2 If she knew English, she would ask me for help now.

3 If you had got up earlier, you would have caught the train yesterday.

注意：错综时间条件句：从句和主句发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间作相应的调整。 5 If you had followed my advice (听从)yesterday, you would be better now.

6 If they had studied hard in the past, they would do it easily now.

二 省略if的情况: 虚拟条件句中含were , should, had 时，可省略if,把这几个词置于句首。

1 Were I you, I wouldn’t do that. （be） 2. Had you come earlier, you would have seen him.

3. Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

三 含蓄条件句 :使用with, without, but, or,or else, otherwise， but for(= if it were not for…与现在事实相反；if it had not been for…与过去事实相反)等代条件句。

1 We couldn’t have succeeded without your help.(没有你的帮助)

2 But for the rain（要不是） we would have finished the work.

3 He telephoned to inform me of your birthday. or (=If he hadn’t telephoned to inform me of your birthday)I would have known nothing about it.

但是： If it were not for the fact that she ____sing, I would invite her to the party. C

A. couldn’tB. shouldn’t C. can’tD. mightn’t

四 常用虚拟语气的句型

(一) 在下列句型中，常用“should + 动词原形”且should可以省略：

1 表示要求，建议，命令，提议，意愿等的主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句中。

一坚持insist; 二命令order, command; 三建议suggest, advise,propose; 四要求demand,require,request,ask等后。

注意：当suggest作__________讲，insist作_________讲，后边that从句不用虚拟语气。

2 在It is + 形容词(necessary, natural, strange, etc. ) + that从句中。

在It is/was a pity（a shame, no wonder, etc. ） + that从句中。

1）We all agreed to his suggestion（that）we (should abandon the plan. 放弃那个计划.

2) It is suggested that the meeting should be put off next week.（被推迟）

3) It’s necessary/important/natural that we_______________________每天打扫房间.

但是1) Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. （从未偷过）

2) The look on his face suggested that he was angry.

但是： It is（high/about）time（that）sb.did sth /should do sth

Eg: It is high time we started / should start. 动身出发

(二) 用动词的过去式表示与现在事实（或将来事实）相反，用动词的过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的句型。

1)．wish后that引导的宾语从句中。(表示对将来的设想，用could/would/might+v.)

2)．as if（though）引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中。

3)．would rather后的宾语从句中。

4)．If only引导的感叹句中。

1 I wish I _______________________. 和你一样聪明。

2 I wish he ______________________ tomorrow. 再次尝试

3 He looks as if/though he ____________________. 他是一个艺术家

4 I’d rather you _________________ there yesterday. 不去

5 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _______________ (follow) your advice.

篇8：高考英语作文书面表达写作步骤教案

高考英语作文书面表达写作步骤教案

资源名称：高考英语作文书面表达写作步骤教案 资源分类：英语作文教案   “书面表达”是考察考生综合运用英语能力的一种题型，根据其一般规律，它要求考生对所给情景和要求写一篇书面材料，做到所写的内容符合所给的情景和要求，文理通顺。它既象作文，又不完全是作文，因为考生不能离开情景和要求自行立意、选材，随意发挥。它类似翻译，但又不同于翻译，因为考生必须根据需要进行适当的发挥，因而有较大的灵活性。所以在做这种题目时，要掌握一个总的原则是“不漏、不错、不多写、不乱写”。具体地则从以下四个方面去考虑、着手： 1、读题，明确要求，做好必要的准备工作。高考的书面表达，题材较多，有给文字背景材料的`，有看图作文的，还有两者皆而有之的。对于文字背景材料，考生要仔细阅读，看懂题目要求，并对材料进行必要的删减。文字材料中有的是有用信息，有的是无用信息。不进行必要的删减，则会使做出来的书面表达轻者增加了错误的可能性，重者文不对题，逻辑不清。  

篇9：高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案3

高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案3

高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案 最近你班举行了一场关于“动物园里笼养动物好不好”的讨论。假如你是李华，请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语将讨论的'结果向某中学生英语报投稿，并陈述你的观点（至少发挥一条）。注意：字数100左右。 赞成的同学认为 1、有机会亲眼目睹野生动物;2、有助于培养对动物和自然的爱;3、能保护动物免于野生环境的危险. 反对的同学认为 1、浪费人力物力;2、破坏生态平衡;3、动物失去自由。 你的观点 …… Dear Editor, I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we held on whether it is good to keep animals in zoos. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 一、提炼要点 第一节：很多同学赞成动物园笼养动物。（他们认为这样）（人们就）有机会亲眼目睹野生动物，这有助于培养（人们）对动物和自然的爱；（同时，）（笼养）还能保护动物免于野生环境的危险。 第二节：（相反地）很多也同学不赞成动物园笼养动物。（他们认为）笼养动物浪费人力物力，破坏生态平衡。同时，动物也失去自由。 第三节：在我看来，笼养野生动物是错误的，为了保证他们健康成长和生态平衡，应该释放所有野生动物。 二、灵活表达要点 第一节 1.很多同学赞成动物园笼养动物: ①Many students in our class support the idea that animals can be kept in zoos. ②Many students in our class agree that zoos can keep some wild animals. ③Some of the students in our class think it (is) a good idea to keep animals in zoos. 2.（他们认为这样就）有机会亲眼目睹野生动物： ①They argue that they will have the opportunity to see wild animals if (they are) kept in zoos. ②They think that if animals are kept in zoos, they can go and have a clear look at them. ③They believe that only in this way, can they watch wild animals easily, clearly and safely. 3.这有助于培养（人们）对动物和自然的热爱。 ①It helps (to) increase people’s love for animals and nature if they see wild animals in zoos. ②Taking a look at wild animals can increase people’s love for animals and nature. ③It is good for people to see animals in zoos, because they can develop a further understanding of animals and nature. 4.（笼养）还能保护动物免于野生环境的危险 ①Wild animals can be protected from dangers in the wild. ②Wild animals can be prevented from being endangered if they are kept in zoos. ③Animals kept in zoos can get away from the dangers in the wild. 第二节 1.很多也同学不赞成动物园笼养动物: ①Other students are against the idea about keeping animals in zoos. ②Other students think it (is) no good keeping animals in zoos. ③The rest of the students have a totally different attitude towards the idea. 2.他们认为:笼养动物浪费人力物力，破坏生态平衡: ①They think (that) it is a waste of money and labor to keep animals in zoos and that it will damage the balance of nature. ②They argue (that) keeping animals in zoos is a waste of money and, worse still, will have a negative effect on the balance of nature. ③They believe that it is a waste of money and labor to keep animals in zoos, which will also do harm to the balance of nature. 3.同时/另外，动物也失去自由: ①At the same time, animals will lose their freedom if caged in zoos. ②Besides, animals will have no freedom when kept in zoos. ③In addition, animals will be deprived of freedom when living in zoos. 第三节 在我看来，笼养野生动物是错误的，应该释放所有野生动物, 以保证生态平衡。 ①In my opinion, it is wrong to keep animals in zoos. All animals should be set free so as to keep the balance of nature. ②Personally speaking, I insist that it is wrong to keep animals in zoos and that animals (should) be set free to keep the balance of nature. ③I personally feel it is wrong to take animals away from their natural living areas and keep them locked up. I suggest the animals (should) be set free to keep the balance of nature. 三、添加连词，连段成篇 Dear editor,   I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we held on whether it is good to keep animals in zoos. Those who favor the idea think it provides chances for people to see wild animals. It might also develop people’s love for animals and nature. Besides, animals in zoos can be protected from dangers in the wild.   However, those who are against the idea think that it’s a waste of money and labor to keep animals in zoos. It’ll also damage the balance of nature. Animals will lose their freedom if caged in zoos.   I personally feel it is wrong to take animals away from their natural living areas and keep them locked up.   Yours sincerely,    Li Hua

篇10：高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案5

高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案5

高三英语看图作文讲评2   试题：根据下列六幅图所反映的内容，结合写作提示，以“Changes In Our Life”为题写一篇 120左右的短文 写作要点提示：过去寄信、听收音机、住房拥挤 现在打电话、看电视、住房宽敞    设想一下图中所反映的过去到现在的.变化就发生在你的家里。图中人物就是你、你的父母。还要讲明变化的大体时间（可根据常识） 一、提炼要点 1、与外界联系方式上的变化 过去：父辈寄信与别人联系 现在：我们可以在家里打电话与别人联系 2、获取信息方面的变化 过去：父辈听收音机获取信息 现在：我们看电视获取信息 3、居住条件方面的变化 过去：父辈结婚时住在一间挤满家具的小房间里 现在：我们已经搬进了两层楼的楼房里了（可以设想） 总结点题：过去二十年的变化给我们带来了什么（可以设想） 二、简要译出要点 1.In the past my parents got in touch with others by sending letters but now we can get in touch with others over the telephone at home. 2.In the past my parents listened to the radio for news and other information,but now we can get much news and information by watching TV. 3.In the past when my parents got married about twenty years ago,they had to live in a small room crowded with furniture, but now we have moved into a two-storeyed building with quite a few rooms inside it. 4.In short,changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us a lot of happiness and convenience. 三、增加要点 Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life. Take my family for example. Another big change is that our housing conditions have been improved 四、修饰成文 Changes In Our Life Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life. Take my family for example. In the past my parents got in touch with others by sending letters but now we can get in touch with others over the telephone at home.And my parents used to listen to the radio for news and other information,but now we can get much more news and information by watching TV. Another big change is that our housing conditions have been improved. When they got married about twenty years ago, my parents had to live in a small room crowded with furniture, but now we have moved into a two-storeyed building with quite a few rooms inside it. In short,changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us a lot of happiness and convenience.

篇11：高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案4

高考英语文字书面表达讲评教案4

高三英语看图作文讲评1   下列四幅图描述了李华一家某一天的经历。请根据画面及图中的有关提示，用第三人称的口吻写一篇120字左右的短文。 注意：可以适当增加细节，并展开合理的想象，使故事完整连贯。   1、认真看图，确立主题 结合文字和图画，确立所要表达的.主题是什么。 根据“四幅图描述了李华一家某一天的经历”一段文字提示,结合第一幅图中的日历上所表示的时间（ 3月8日），我们可以确立本篇书面表达的主题是：李华要做些家务事来为他的妈妈庆祝“3.8”妇女节 2、围绕主题，提炼要点 围绕确立的主题，仔细看图，初步列出每幅图的要点。 第一幅图：李华把他的主意告诉父亲 第二幅图：李华扫地、父亲洗衣服 第三幅图：李华和父亲下厨房做菜 第四幅图：餐桌上有花瓶、饮料、鱼、肉等等 3、合理想象，补出要点 将四幅图连起来并结合考虑每幅图中的各个细节进行想象，将隐藏的要点补出来,使故事连贯。 第一幅图：李华为什么要把他的主意告诉父亲：求得父亲的帮助或配合 第二幅图：李华和父亲为什么要选择做家务：这些家务平时都是由母亲做的 第三幅图：可以想象他们做了除图画中表现出的:fish, pork外，还可能做了其它菜。比如：chicken, soup and other delicious dishes. 第四幅图：这幅图中没有一个人出现，连母亲的影子也没有。为什么，留给考生进行合理的想象：李华和父亲是不是藏起来了？其目的是什么：可能是等母亲回家时以给她一个惊喜。 4、确定时态，译出要点 确定表达时所用的正确时态，将围绕主题初选出的要点和经过合理想象补出的要点翻译出来。 本篇叙述的是李华一家过去某一天（“3.8”妇女节）所发生的事，应该用过去时来进行表达。 第一幅图：On March the eighth,Women’s Day, Li Hua had a good idea and told his father that he was going to do something to celebrate it.He asked his father to help him. 第二幅图：They decided to do some housework,which was always done by his mother.Li Hua cleaned the house completely.His father did some washing. 第三幅图：They made a good meal,cooking fish,pork,chicken,soup and some other delicious dishes. 第四幅图：Li Hua laid the table and set a vase full of flowers in the middle of the table.They hid themselves behind the door,waiting for Mother.They wanted to give her a happy surprise.When his mother came back and saw delicious dishes and drinks on the table,she felt very curious and happy. 5、连句成篇，过渡自然 对译出的要点通过合理的组合，加上必要的连接词或词语以及照顾到文章的首尾呼应， 再加上必要的结束语。 It was March the eighth that day,Women’s Day.Li Hua had a good idea and told his father that he was going to do something to celebrate it.He asked his father to help him.First they decided to do some housework,which was always by his mother.Li Hua cleaned the house completely while his father did some washing.Then they made a good meal,cooking fish,pork,chicken,soup and some other delicious dishes. Li Hua laid the table and set a vase full of flowers in the middle of the table.After that they hid themselves behind the door,waiting for Mother so as to give her a happy surprise.When his mother came back and saw delicious dishes and drinks on the table,she felt very curious and happy.The family had a pleasant festival.

篇12：高考文言文复习教案 (人教版高三教案教学设计)

【教学目标】

1.以虚词，实词翻译为切入口，落实文言文复习。

2.在学生已掌握文言文翻译的一般原则、技巧的基础上，加强基础知识的巩固，指导学生掌握好高考文言句子翻译的方法技巧。

【教学重点难点】

1.抓关键词句(关键词语、特殊句式)，洞悉得分点。

2.借助积累(课内文言知识、成语、语法结构、语境等)，巧解难词难句。.

3.在学生已掌握文言文翻译的一般原则、技巧的基础上，加强踩点得分意识，以难词难句为突破口，指导学生掌握好高考文言句子翻译的方法技巧。

【 教学设想】

1.依据福建省考纲对文言文的要求着重落实18个虚词和120个实词的意思，4种文言句式的运用，常见的通假字的运用。

2.高考的文言文阅读是源于课本而又高于课本的，作为高考的第一轮复习，由课内拓展到课外，以课内文段阅读为材料进行复习，通过“积累--迁移--巩固”的复习原则，逐一落实考点内容。

3.在学生掌握了 “ 信、达、雅 ” 三字翻译目标和 “ 六字翻译法 ” 的基础上，针对学生在文言翻译中的盲点， 力图引导学生总结归纳出解决翻译疑难的技巧，并通过训练验证这些技巧的可操作性，使学生能举一反三，从而增强文言文翻译的信心。

4.为调动学生的学习兴趣，发动 学生积极参与，在教学中，让学生变换角色，通过师生互动、生生互动的教学模式，完成教学内容，提高课堂复习效率。

【 教学时数】

6课时

第一课时

教学目的：

1、高考对文言文的要求及主要题型

教学重点：

1、 让学生从整体上了解高考文言文的几种题型

2、 在学习中发现自己在翻译中碰到的困惑和不足

一、导入：

这节课我们进入高考文言文阅读古文翻译专题的复习。文言文是对学生古汉语知识的综合能力的考查。近几年来，高考文言文翻译题的分值基本保持不变，共计15分，设两至三题选择题，每题3分；设一道翻译题，每题两到三句，此题为9分。那么针对于这些题型，怎么做好复习呢？

二、考纲阐释：

高考语文《考试说明》对文言实词，虚词，句式的能力层次均为B级。分别要求做到“理解常见文言实词在文中的含义”“理解常见文言虚词在文中的意义和用法”“理解与现代汉语不同的句式和用法”。“理解并翻译文中的句子”，能力也为B 级。这部分题目学生感觉难度最大。

三、文言文翻译五步法：

1．先将古今汉语语义基本一致的地方抄写下来，将比较容易理解的内容对译出来，然后将现代汉语无法翻译或不需要翻译的地方删去。以便将完全不懂的地方突显出来。

2.将不懂的词语放到原句中去揣测，大致推断出它的意思。

3.统一整理答案，注意前后协调和语句的畅通，保持原文语气。

4.按照翻译要求，写出译文。

5.将译文放到原文中加以检查，并作必要的修改。

四、范例解析

将文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

庄宗与梁军夹河对垒。一日，郭崇韬以诸校伴食数多，主者不办，请少罢减。庄宗怒曰：“孤为效命者设食都不自由，其河北三镇，令三军别择一人为帅，孤请归太原以避贤路。”……俄而崇韬入谢，因道之解焉，人始重其胆量。

天成、长兴中，天下屡稔，朝廷无事。明宗每御延英，留道访以外事，道曰：“陛下以至德承天，天以有年表瑞，更在日慎一日，以答天心。……

译文：① 不久郭崇韬进来（向庄宗）谢罪，通过冯道化解了与庄宗的冲突。

②陛下凭借最高道德来承受天命，上天用丰收的年成来显示吉祥。

解析：

第一句：“俄而”应翻译成“不久”；“谢”意思是“道歉谢罪”，不要翻译成“感谢”；“因”是“通过”的意思。“因”一般不作因为讲，而常作因此于是讲，如在《齐桓晋文之事》中有：“若民，则无恒产，因无恒心。”

第二句：第一个“以”是“凭借”的意思，是介词；后一个以是“才”，是连词。“年”是“（好的）收成”，在《齐桓晋文之事》有：“乐岁终身饱，凶年免于死亡。”“瑞雪兆丰年”

五、了解有关文言文翻译的常识

1、标准

简言之三个字：信(准确)、达(通顺)、雅(有文采)。高考中的翻译一般只涉及信和达。

2、原则--直译为主，意译为辅。

“直译”，就是严格按原文字句一一译出，竭力保留原文用词造句的特点，力求风格也和原文一致。“意译”，则是按原文的大意来翻译，不拘泥于原文的字句，可采用和原文不同的表达方法。一般说来，应以“直译”为主，辅以“意译”。高考文言文翻译也主要考“直译”。

3、直译的方法-- “留”、“换”、“删”、“补”、“调”、“贯”六个字。

六、文言文翻译标准：

“信”要求忠实于原文，用现代汉语字字落实、句句落实直译，不可以随意增减内容。

例：六国破灭，非兵不利，战不善，弊在赂秦。

六国灭亡，不是武器不锋利，战术不好，弊病在于贿赂秦国。

“达”要求译文表意明确、语言通畅、语气一致。

例：以勇气闻于诸侯。

凭勇气闻名在诸侯国

凭着勇气在诸侯中间闻名

“雅”要求用简明、优美、富有文采的现代汉语把原文的内容、形式以及风格准确的表达出来。

例：曹公，豺虎也。

曹操是豺狼猛虎。

曹操是象豺狼猛虎一样（凶狠残暴）的人。

七、文言语句翻译方法归纳

1、保留法（留）：

㈠人名（名、字、号等）、地名、官职名、年号、国号等专门称谓。

㈡度量衡单位、数量词、器物名称。

㈢古今意义相同的词。

例题1：

①     此沛公左司马曹无伤言之。不然，籍何以至此？（《鸿门宴》）

②李氏子蟠，年十七，好古文。（《师说》）

③屈原者，名平，楚之同姓也。为楚怀王左徒。（《屈原列传》）

④于是废先王之道，焚百家之言。（《过秦论》）

⑤庆历四年春，滕子京谪守巴陵郡。(《岳阳楼记》)――庆历四年的春天，滕子京被贬为巴陵郡太守。

2、替换法（换）：即用现代汉语词汇替换古代汉语词汇

㈠古代的单音词换成现代汉语的双音词。

㈡古今异义、通假字、今已不用的字。

例题2：

①请略陈固陋：请让我大略的陈述自己固执鄙陋的意见。

②故予与同社诸君子哀斯墓之徒有其名而为之记，亦以明死生之大，匹夫之有重于社稷也。（《五人墓碑记》）

予：我。           斯：这。        徒：只。      记：记载

明：使……明了。   匹夫：百姓。    社稷：国家。

③先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中。(《出师表》)――先帝不认为我地位低微，见识浅陋，降低自己的身份，三次到草庐来探望我。“卑鄙”一词古今汉语都常用，但词义已转移，所以译文用“地位低微、见识浅陋”来替换它。“顾”今天不常用，译文用“探望”来替换。

对古今意义相同，但说法不同的词语，翻译时要换成现代通俗的词语。如：

④齐师伐我。

这句中的“师”，要换成“军队”;“伐”，要换成“攻打”。

⑤吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也。

这句中的“吾”，要换成“我”;“尝”，要换成“曾经”;“终”，要换成“整”;“思”，要换成“想”;“须臾”，要换成“一会儿”。

3、删减法（删）：删除没有实在意义、也无须译出的文言词。对象：仅起结构作用，没有具体意义的虚词。

情况：①句首发语词。②句中停顿或结构作用的词。③句末调节音节的词。④偏义复词中的衬字。

例题3：指出下面各句中加点词的用法

①夫战，勇气也。（《曹刿论战》）

②生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾。（《师说》）

③魏王怒公子之盗其兵符（《信陵君窃符救赵》）

④卒然问曰：“天下恶乎定？”（《孟子见梁襄王》）

⑤以无厚入有间，恢恢乎其游刃必有余地矣。（《庖丁解牛》）

⑥辍耕之垄上，怅恨久之。（《陈涉世家》）

⑦所以遣将守关者，备他盗之出入与非常也。

⑧战于长勺，公将鼓之。(《曹刿论战》)――长勺这个地方与齐军交战，鲁庄公将要击鼓(命令将士前进)。(之，句末语气助词)

⑨师道之不传也久矣。

这句中的“之”，用于主谓之间，取消句中独立性，不译

4、增补法（补）：把文言文中省略的而现代汉语不能省略的成分补上。包括主语省略、动词后宾语的省略、介宾省略、介词省略等。

例题4：在下列句中准确的位置写出省略的成分，并用括号表示出来：

①（桃花源中人）见渔人，乃大惊，问（渔人）所从来，（渔人）具答之。（《桃花源记》）

②竖子，不足与（之）谋（《鸿门宴》）

③今以钟磬置（于）水中（《石钟山记》）

④尉剑挺，广起，夺（之）而杀尉（《陈涉世家》）

⑤无以，则王乎（《齐桓晋文之事》）

（如果）不能不说，那么还是（说说）如何行王道吧。

5、调整法（调）：将古代汉语句子中语序与现代汉语不同的句式进行调整，使之符合现代汉语的表达习惯。对象是文言文中倒装句，如主谓倒装、宾语前置、定语后置、介词结构后置等。

例题5：将下列句子翻译成现代汉语，注意语序的变化。

①  甚矣，汝之不惠! （主谓倒装）

② 保民而王，莫之能御也（宾语前置）

③  宋何罪之有？（宾语前置）

④ 青取之于蓝，而青于蓝。（介词结构后置）

⑤  石之铿然有声者（定语后置）

⑥忌不自信。(《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》)――邹忌不相信自己(比徐公美)。

这是宾语前置句，译时要调为“动+宾”语序。、

⑦大王来何操?

这句是宾语前置句，“何操”应为“操何”。

⑧“蚓无爪牙之利”为定语后置句，现代汉语句式为“蚓无利之爪牙”，“利”是修饰“爪牙”这个词的。

6、贯通法（贯）：指文言句中带修辞的（常见的有比喻、互文、借代、婉说等手法）说法，用典用事的地方，要根据上下文灵活、贯通地译出。

例题6：将下面文言语句翻译成现代汉语，尤其注意加点词语的意思。

①金城千里，子孙帝王万世之业也。（固若金汤的城池）

②项伯以身翼蔽沛公。（像翅膀一样）

③缙绅而能不易其志者，四海之大，有几人与？（做官的人）

④虽少，愿及未填沟壑而托之。（自己死去）

⑤燕赵之收藏，韩魏之经营，齐楚之精英。（燕、赵、韩、魏、齐、楚六国统治者拥有的金玉珍宝）

⑥司马青衫，吾不能学太上之忘情也（（人民的灾难）使我和白居易那样泪湿青衫，我不能学古代圣人那样忘情。）

八、巩固练习

①是社稷之臣也，何以伐为？

译：这是国家的臣属，为什么要讨伐他呢？

②无乃尔是过与？

译：恐怕该责备你了吧！

③尽吾志也而不能至者，可以无悔矣，其孰能讥之乎？

译：尽了自己的努力却不能到达的人，就可以没有悔恨了。难道谁还会讥笑你吗？

④是故圣益圣，愚益愚，其皆出于此乎？

译：因此，圣人更加圣明，愚人更加愚笨，大概都是因为这吧！

⑤仲尼之徒无道桓文之事者，是以后世无传焉，臣未之闻也。

译：孔子的门徒中没有讲述齐桓公晋文公霸业的，所以后世不曾流传，我没有听说过这件事。

马雨量

[高考文言文复习教案 (人教版高三教案教学设计)]

篇13：英语高考词汇教学教案 (人教版英语高一)

一、学生分析

我校是一所相对偏远的农村中学，学生学习的成绩偏低，学习积极性不高，尤其是英语。大部分学生认为英语难，光花时间却不见成绩，根本谈不上学习兴趣。归根结底是英语单词难记，昨天记的今天忘，早上记的下午忘，绝大部分学生没有耐心和恒心去反复记忆枯燥的单词。久而久之，连最基本英语单词都不懂，更谈不上单词的灵活运用和综合能力的提高。因此，英语成为学生最畏惧的课程。

二、内容分析

本课内容以高考词汇为基础，以分类的方式引导学生运用各种方法高效快速地记忆高考词汇。

三、教学目的与目标

词汇是组成语言的最基本材料，没有词汇也就无所谓语言，英语教学自然离不开词汇教学。学生不掌握一定的词汇量，就无法顺利进行听、说、读、写、译，就无法进行英语交流。高考考纲要求学生掌握3700个词汇，英语词汇的记忆是英语学习最枯燥最繁琐却又是最基础最重要的部分，词汇量少直接影响学生的学习兴趣和学习成绩。本课题的重点就是以考纲词汇为基础，对高考词汇进行分类整合，重点突出写作词汇的运用，使学生科学地掌握英语词汇的记忆方法，明确学习目的，挖掘学生自主学习的潜能，使他们掌握有效的单词记忆方法，消除学生对英语的畏惧心理，使他们树立信心，提高英语学习兴趣及积极性，使他们能够灵活地运用英语词汇，进而提高他们的英语综合能力。

四、教学策略

《英语课程标准》强调教师要引导学生主动学习，帮助他们形成以能力发展为目标的学习方式。英语词汇教学理念为以语言发展为中心，通过师生互动，生生互动，让学生学会用英语处理现实生活的问题，让学生在完成任务的过程中体验、实践、参与、交流和合作，实现任务目标，感受学习的快乐和成功，以此来提高学生学习英语的积极性。为了使学生更好地系统地记忆和理解英语词汇，我将高考词汇大致分为四大类：听说词汇、语法词汇、阅读词汇和写作词汇，重点训练语法词汇和写作词汇的用法。为此，课前主要是分析近年来高考常考的语法题型和写作常用句型，让学生在实践中掌握高考词汇的用法。

五、教学过程

1.导入

向学生介绍高考考纲对学生掌握词汇的要求，让学生了解记忆单词的重要性，对英语词汇进行简单的分类，让学生有针对性有主次地学习和掌握英语词汇。同时让学生交流一下自己平时记单词的方法和心得体会，使学生重视英语词汇的积累，为本课时做好铺垫。

2.教学方法

（1）运用构词法记单词。构词法作为一项语法项目，主要是识别词缀和词根，从根本上把握单词的含义。久练这种学记单词的方法，能够领略一些英语单词的构造奥妙，并减轻记忆的负担。更重要的是，如果学生能真正领悟并进而拓展这种方法所蕴涵的思路，他们将能触类旁通，从而受益匪浅。例如courage一词，学生能通过构词法迅速识记discourage, discouragement, courageous, courageously，encourage，encouragement等同词根的多个新词,从一个词汇引申出这么多的新词，可谓一箭多雕，这样的记忆使他们觉得很有成就感，增添了自信心。

（2）在语境中学习词汇。从近几年来高考写作的话题出发，分析出常用的写作句型以及常用的连接词，把词汇与句子，语境结合起来，多让学生自己造句，掌握词的用法，在词汇与句子结合的基础上，我们将词汇、句子与语篇相结合，进一步扩大词汇的交流功能。使学生感觉英语学习是一件很简单的事情，从而消除学生的畏惧心理，也让学生既对词汇学习有了明确的目的，又对高考的考题有一定的了解，并树立信心，提高他们学习英语的积极性。例如remind 一词，remind sb of sth 这个固定搭配，只要是描写自己或身边的人的类似经历都可以用这个句子作为段落的开头：The story remind me of my own experience.对于我校这种比较差的学生把词汇融入一个固定句式的学习对他们的记忆和运用都有很大的帮助。

（3） 词汇分类记忆。把英语词汇分成类，比如描写环境的，描写人物的，描写校园生活的等，以描写人物特征的词汇为例：

五官特征：长睫毛long lashes，双下巴 s double chin ，小眼睛 small eyes， 鹰勾鼻 a hooked nose， 五官明显 strong features， 无神的眼睛lifeless eyes，明亮的眼睛 glowing eyes ，四肢特征：粗壮的手臂thick arms， 肮脏的指甲 dirty nails，细手臂 thin arms， 涂指甲油的指甲 painted nails， 瘦腿 thin legs

身材特征： 结实的 trim ，年老的 old ，过重的 overweight， 凹凸有致的 shapely(女) ，白发苍苍的 gray-haired ，瘦的 thin， 身材比例很好的 well-proportioned， 病恹恹的 sickly ，皮包骨的 skinny

行为特征：落寞的 depressed ，情绪化的 emotional ，萎靡的 lifeless ，寂寞的 lonely， 笨拙的 clumsy ，精力充沛的full of life， 无精打采的 listless，

（4）．单词记忆法总结

（1）“五到”记忆法。记单词要“五到”，眼嘴手脑齐开炮；读写背默各几遍，印象清晰记得牢。

（2）循环记忆法。记过单词莫靠边，几天之后再看看；似忘非忘又温习，反反复复印心间。

（3）分组记忆法。单词多了别心烦，分片分组来攻占；五个一组先吃掉，几组连成一大片。

（4）语音记忆法。要想单词不写错，语音一关还得过，读音规律掌握好，拼写自然少差错。

（5） 理解记忆法。结合词组句子记有情有景有意义；重点段落须背诵。理解深刻有乐趣。

（6）归纳记忆法。分类归纳便于记，同类词汇放一起；bike，play和jeep，归到交通工具里。

（7）对比记忆法。同义近义反义词，辨析对比来记忆，比较对照才开窍，印象深刻记得牢。

（8）卡片记忆法。单词长了容易忘，卡片纸条来帮忙；mathematics不好记，纸条贴到《数学》上。

（9）构词记忆法。构词法，要学习，前缀后缀有规律；转换常把词类变。合成本是二合一。

（10）阅读记忆法。课外读物有情趣，单词复现便于记；只要坚持常阅读，一举几得大有益。

3、巩固练习

（1）写出下列词汇的变体

born(名词形式) , brave(名词形式)，breath(否定词缀)

occupy(名词形式) environment (形容词形式)

equal(名词形式) comfort(形容词形式)

consider(形容词和名词形式) ，

（2）把下列中文翻译成英语

方脸 ，单眼皮 ，大嘴巴 ，圆脸 ，双眼皮 ，小嘴巴，心形脸，瘦鼻子 ， 薄嘴唇，长鼻子，厚嘴唇， 暴牙 ，苍白的脸魁梧的 ， 骨瘦如柴的， 年轻的，大骨架的 ， 弱不禁风的， 中年的，小骨架的，优雅的 ， 心烦的 ，精疲力竭的 ， 粗枝大叶的， 内向的，不悦的， 做作的 ， 外向的 ，好动的 ， 轻浮的 ，举止夸张的 ，多话的，有活力的 ，手舞足蹈的 .

(3)用下列词或短语造句

in spite of

prevent……from

lead a………live

look forward to

be famous for

4. homework

（一）词类转换

1..In the past, oxen played an important role in the ____（spirit）life of the Chinese.

2.Some are for ____ (begin) and others are for _____ (advance) students.

3.The dark chocolate ___ (popular) began about five years age and has reached the highest point now.

4.Obama said he didn’t see any controversy in the fact and said he was unaware of any _______ (satisfy) in the black community.

5.The government is promoting a program making science more _____ (access) to young people.

6.It`s ____(exact) these tight rings marks that we found in the fossil bones,” said Sander.

7.I stood there ____ (astonish), barely believing that man, whose existence was ____ (know) to me only moments ago, could be so _______ (thought).

8.More than half of them cross the bridge ________ the morning and evening rush hours when traffic is so heavy that the trip is not ________. (please)

9.One young drinker interviewed thinks price is ______ (relevant) to the increase of alcohol addictions and that teens, determined to get drunk , will find a way.

10.As an _____ (skill) game player, he often lost money.

11.If all drivers exercised good ______ (judge) , there would be few accidents.

12.In May , a hurricane left thousands of people homeless and ruined the island’s freshwater _____ (supply).

13. Your _____ (argue) is not ________ (convince) enough .

14. Hydrogen fuel cells would provide a renewable, clean source of energy; however, the technology is expensive and presents a number of _______ (convenient).

15. He is ______ (simple) a fool, who can’t ___ (simple) his life just by planning it _____ (effect)

（二）短语动词

1. He promised to attend my birthday party, but till now he hasn’t turned _____ yet.

2. All the girls swam in the lake except two, who gave _____ halfway.

3. If the new arrangement doesn’t work _____, we’ll go back to the old one.

4. “Have great changes taken place in your village?” “Yes, A new school was set ______ in the village last year.”

5. I had to hang ______ because someone else wanted to use the phone.

6. Elephants would die ______ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.

7. My study of biology has taken ______ much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.

8. The plan broke______ just because people were unwilling to co-operate.

9. The government has called _______the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.

10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to let ______ all his trousers to his measure.

11. I can put up _____ some noise while I’m studying, but I can’t stand very loud noise.

12. The mother often tells her son to be a good boy, warning him to keep out ______ trouble

13. To my surprise, the manager kept ____ 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason.

14. Steven has a lot of work to make ____ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.

15. Although Jane agrees with me on most points, there was one on which she was unwilling to give _______.

16. You should live up ______ what your parents expect of you.

17. I can hardly believe my eyes. What a poor composition you have turned ______. There are so many wrong spellings in it.

18. Some kinds of animals can take _______ the colour of their surroundings.

19. Let’s congratulate Li Ming and Li Hua ______winning the first prize.

20. The hospital provided the patients ___many advanced equipments.

21. I can’t put up _____the heat here.

22. The government should come up ____a better solution to the problems caused by the high price of beef.

23. His health broke ____under the pressure of work.

24. This project adjusted ___what I meant.

25. Please leave _____all the useless contents in the article.

26. All the students, please put your hands _____the poor children in the distant area.

27. He is addicted ______smoking and drinking wine.

28. We accused him ______killing our friend.

29. We assure him _____ going to America smoothly.

30. Do you mind if I carry______with my work while you are getting tea ready?

31. Old memories are often called ______ when you hear a particular song or a piece of music.

32. He looked through as many daily newspapers as he could to find______ what they said about his latest book.

33. We had a good many anxious moments but everything turned ______all right in the end.

34. Twenty people were expected, but only ten turned ______.

35. After the meeting, I set ______ to write a report on our next term’s work.

36. The English evening party turned ________ a great success.

37. A good writer must connect what he writes_____ what has happened around him.

38. The gentleman does not join______the argument but watches the other guests.

39. Although the working mother is very busy, she still devotes a lot of time ______ children.

40. We want our children to know that hard work pays ______.

41. It wears me ______ to look after these naughty grandchildren of mine for a whole day.

42. His pale face took ______a reluctant smile when he heard the news.

43. The Party Central Committee calls______the Chinese people to work hard for the economic development.

44. Don’t forget to put______your things after you have finished your homework .

45. Being much too fat, the lady was advised to reduce her food for each meal, yet she would have none______that.

46. The good service at the hotel made up______the poor food to some degree.

47. His strength had almost given______when they found him in the desert.

48. -Your tie looks smart. It goes______ your shirt perfectly.

- Thanks. I’m glad you like it.

49. It takes a long time to build______a good fame, but this name is quickly lost but just one crime or piece of bad behavior.

50. -I’m putting______ too much weight, doctor?

- I think you ought to go on a diet.

51. When he heard the news, she couldn’t keep ______ her tears.

52. Please go to your teacher to ask ________ his help if you meet with any

difficulties.

53. Please walk slowly. I can’t keep up ________ you.

54. After a heated discussion, we agreed _________ the policy.

55. Last night his house was broken _________, and many valuable things were found stolen.

56. After hearing the news, some burst ________ laughter, while others burst

________ tears.

57. Whenever he comes to Beijing, he calls _________ me at my house.

58. We must keep learning new things so that we can keep pace ________ the times.

59. This morning they checked______ at a hotel and will check out tomorrow.

60. Whether we will have the match today depends_______ the weather.

61. The teacher is devoted ______ teaching in the countryside in his life.

62. She has a gift_______ language, as she could speak four languages.

63. They worked day and night in order to pay ________ their debts.

64. On getting home, mother gets down _______ preparing supper for her children.

65. The sports meet will be put______ till next week because of the rain.

66. He was badly ill, so a doctor should be sent _______.

67. The five rings on the Olympic Flag stand________ the five continents.

68. The wounded soldier struggled _______ his feet and moved on.

69. He is always running_______of money before payday.

70. Korea is now divided_______two countries, North Korea and South Korea.

71. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was cut ______ from the outside world.

72. Then the car I was in broke_______, so I had to walk home.

73. After the 90th failure, he was almost ready to give ________.

74. We decided to give _______ to the wish of the majority.

75. Hearing the news, she couldn’t hold ______ her tears coming down her cheeks.

76. Mr. Smith set _____ to write a history of America in 1980.

77. We take pride _____ our responsibilities as teachers in China.

78. To whom should we turn ______ the key when we leave the room?

课后反思

这节课是以高考词汇记忆作为法作为重点，帮助学生解决记单词难的问题，在教学过程中引导学生通过观察，体验，探究等积极主动的学习方式，充分发挥自己的学习潜能，提高自主学习的能力，同时刺激学生的思维，多种单词记忆法相结合，降低单词记忆的难度，进而提高对英语的学习兴趣。

由于我们是农村学校，英语知识的来源单一，英语底子也差，词汇积累也少，所以学生反应相对较慢，所以能够回答问题的学生相对较少。

篇14：英语情境化语法教学(人教版高考复习)

语法是语言的规则, 语言没有规则, 说写则语不成句, 听读则不解人意。如何进行高效率的语法教学, 使之能更好地为培养学生的语言运用能力服务。情境教学法是语法教学的一种有效尝试。新课标要求教师重视在真实的情景中让学生体会语言的使用, 有意识地把语法学习的目的引导到训练和交际上来, 创设符合生活的、活泼的教学情境, 使语法形象化、实践化, 以提高学生学习的兴趣, 达到语法学习和提高交际能力相辅相成的目的。语言离开了情景和实践, 将成为无源之水, 无本之木。语法就应该让学生在具体的语境中体会, 在“ 实战”中演练。语法在情境中的应用, 不仅是新课标的要求, 也是近几年考试命题的原则。本人在课改实践中探索, 根据语法情境化原则, 结合实例对英语情境化语法教学问题谈己浅见。教师要开辟英语语言环境, 配以大量的感性材料和电化教学手段, 来突破语法重点和难点,把文字、声音、图像等融为一体, 创设学生主动参与语言交际活动的情境, 给学生提供英语对话、表演、朗读的机会和时间, 使学生在语境中学好英语。

1. 创造逼真情景, 在情景中精讲多练的原则

从学生的学习生活和社会实践中挖掘教学情景或素材, 尤其是发生在学生身边的事情, 使教学活动更具有针对性和实效性。将语法还原成实践, 让学生有一种现学现用, 学了就有用的感觉, 从而激发学生的学习积极性和潜力, 让学生有话想说、有话可说和有话能说, 使学生逐步形成习惯, 从而掌握该语法项目。例如:

( 1) 复习名词性物主代词时, 随手捡起学生掉在地上的铅笔, 进行问答, 学生一旦会模仿, 将师生间的对话转向学生间的对话。如:

T: Is this your pencil? S: No, it’s not mine.

Mine is blue./ Yes, it’s mine.

( 2) 在复习情态动词can 和could 时可以拿出自己小孩的或自己本人的一些照片, 示范“At the age of, I ( he) could ( couldn’t) ”“Now I ( he) can”, 再让学生练习说和写。当学生在口头和书面练习中反复应用了在真实情景中的目标语言, 他们就不会轻易忘记。

( 3) 讲一般现在时, 要做的活动便是询问学生们的业余爱好, 并鼓励他们或者相互之间或者通过互联网去了解他人的爱好, 这样的生活化场景, 对一般现在时的强化远远胜过让学生去做上百道选择题。初中的新目标英语教材讲到过去时时, 书内便围绕着一些名人的传奇来列出活动内容。

( 4) 学习非真实条件句时, 在学习if 引导的虚拟语气时, 教师可让学生进行如下的“接龙游戏”:

S1: If I were you, I would buy the computer.

S2: If I bought the computer, I would get more information. S3: If I got more information, I would have a better choice. 通过这样的操练活动, 学生既练习了听力与口头表达能力, 又锻炼了

思维能力与快速反应能力, 还加深了对所学语法现象的理解; 同时, 在紧张的学习气氛中又不乏幽默与调侃, 从而使语法教学既轻松又有效。

2. 在语言训练感性认识的基础上点拨、归纳的原则启发学生在情景中运用语言材料归纳语法规则,进而在情景中探究解疑。当学生对所学句型能够运用自如, 脱口而出时, 立刻引导学生进行概括性归纳小结。例如:

( 1) 在学习“某人花做某事”这一句型时,教师注意到班里一位学生戴了一只漂亮的手表, 为了引入主题, 教师问该学生: How beautiful your watch is! How much is it? 该学生回答: “Oh,Thank you! It is about 80 yuan. ” 接着教师用“他花了80 元买这块手表”作例句造句, 并引导学生归纳并认知语法规则:

He spent 80 yuan on the watch.

He spent 80 yuan ( in) buying the watch.

It cost him 80 yuan to buy the watch.

然后再通过意义性替换操练, 使学生进一步理解句型结构在情景中的意义和用法, 最终目的是以语言规则指导学生在情景中的言语再实践活动, 达到交际功能这一目的。

( 2) 英语的动词时态是学生难以驾驭的复杂概念。如果采用“关门”这个动作作为直观手段, 边做边说, 则会取得突破性的进展。教师一边去关门,一边说:

When class begins, we usually shut the door.

I'm going to shut the door.

I'm shutting the door.

I have shut the door.

Just now I shut the door.

I told you that I had shut the door.

I said I would go to shut the door.

When I was shutting the door, you watched me carefully.

教师表演以后, 把句子写到黑板上让学生讨论、归纳再叫学生反复操练, 融行为和语言于一体。通过情景、直观教学, 培养学生的直觉思维能力, 使他们能触景生情, 整体跳跃, 脱口而出, 把课堂上学到的语法与句型变成自己的语言。

3. 意义操练和语言交际相结合的原则教师创设情景, 学生在情景中运用语言, 在情景中掌握句型结构。句型操练情景化, 可以帮助学生把注意力集中在语言的意义上。例如教学if 引导的条件状语从句和had better( not) do sth 时, 可设计以下教学活动:先出示投影: 医生在给一位胖妇女检查身体,并说: “ If you want to be thinner and healthier, you'd better not eat too much and you’d better take more exercise. ”再出示投影, 套用句型示范: If you want tolearn English well, you'd better If there’s a lot of traffic, you’d better ( not) 然后让学生通过观察、讨论, 归纳出if 引导的条件状语从句的语法规则和had better ( not) do sth. 句型结构。接着通过意义性替换操练, 进一步理解了句型结构在情景中的意义和用法。最后让学生分组自编对话, 根据他们的生活实际练习目标语言。因为这是他们身边的事, 从创设语言环境的角度看, 比起用其他例句更贴近学生的生活实际, 更易掌握。

由以上例子可以看出语法教学情景化的教学程序和步骤是: ① 让学生在一个有意义的情景中理解所教语法项目的意义; ② 引导学生归纳、小结语法知识, 并进行口头和笔头训练; ③ 展开话题, 有意识将语法要点贯穿其中, 使语法知识在能力训练中得以内化, 流畅输出。

根据新课标的要求, 语法教学绝不仅仅局限于让学生发现、归纳出语言形式和规则, 教师还必须向前迈出两步, 那就是认真设计巩固操练和实际运用两个环节的教学活动。任何语言形式只有通过实践才能加深理解, 只有通过实际运用, 特别要通过在实际交际或者仿实际交际活动中去运用才能内化其规则、才能真正掌握。因此创设情景学语法, 让学生在真实或准真实语境中感知所学语法结构, 在有意义的交际情境中进行大量的语言实践, “在用中学, 在学中用”, 既学了语言又活用了语法, 符合用英语来学英语的原则。但学生还须在教师的启

发诱导下归纳出规则, 使感性认识提高到理性认识, 因为认识规则的监控作用不仅能有意识地利用语言规则, 促进理解语言材料的速度, 更重要的是能培养学生举一反三灵活运用规则进行言语交际的能力。

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