下面是小编精心整理的托福阅读备考做好这3件事，本文共8篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
篇1：托福阅读备考做好这3件事
托福阅读备考做好这3件事 打好基础才能展望高分
托福阅读备考打基础：注重归纳能力的培养
托福阅读最后一大题都是以全文意思的归纳为基础才能完成的，尤其是summary，考察的就是考生对文章的整体把握。因此考生在平时练习的时候一定要注意对文章段落的归纳，能够在较短的时间内把文章段落的中心大意读出来，然后进行总结，最后选择出最能代表文章中心含义的内容。
托福阅读备考打基础：词汇基础要扎实
托福阅读有一个很大的特色就是有专门考察单词的题型，也就是托福阅读词汇题。从文章中抽出一个单词，让考生选择与这个单词词义最接近最符合的。这些词汇是没有一个大纲让考生去背的，只有靠考生平时自己大量的托福阅读词汇积累，尤其是一些学术学科的词汇。
托福阅读备考打基础：逻辑关系词要牢记
托福阅读中的英语句子，很多时候是要考生去理解其逻辑关系的，常见的逻辑关系有并列(and, as well)，比较(than, as….as)，因果(because, so, therefore, thus, result from)，递进(also, furthermore)，转折(but, however, yet)等等。找到这些信号词，对你的解题会有很大的帮助。
托福阅读之慢车道生活
各种汽车广告中，我们总能看到车辆飞驰而过，如风般飘逸，如光般迅疾;各种大电影中，机车发动时，引擎轰鸣，下一秒便如箭离弦，消失在道路尽头……这个时代，巨大的压力化成强大的动力，推着所有人往前飞奔，似乎所有人都崇尚“速度与激情”，而作者却喜欢在空无一人的林荫道上，慢悠悠地开车，为什么呢?
There are moments in life when you’re in the middle of some activity and think, “I love doing this. Love it!” Maybe it happens on the golf course , or camping, or when you’re having dinner at a favorite restaurant. There are so many things to love about modern life.
I’m in love with 35 miles per hour.
It’s a difficult kind of love to talk about in this era of TV commercials and big-budget movies that constantly promote and glorify images of supercharged vehicles with roaring engines and smoking tires thundering across city streets in endless pursuit of high-octane adventure.
My personality has never had a fast-and-furious side. This aversion to speed began early: I learned to ski during elementary school, and while everyone around me was schussing and swooping downhill, I got really good at traveling along in short segments of about one or two hundred feet, then pulling off to a secluded spot where I could rest, survey the surrounding terrain, and plan the next portion of my methodical, low-risk descent.
I vividly recall going to Disneyland as a young teenager and being emotionally thrashed on the Matterhorn bobsled ride. Other kids were howling with delight at the sharp turns and steep drops while I was mentally repeating the phrases “Please be over soon” and “I don’t want to die.”
In high school, I thoroughly enjoyed driver’s education class because of the no-need-to-hurry approach the instructors emphasized. The day my ride-along teacher said, “OK, I think we’re ready for the expressway ” wasn’t an occasion for any internal celebration.
Do not, however, assume I spend most of my road time cowering behind the steering wheel. Freeway fright is not my copilot. After 45-plus years on the road, I can handle a vast range of traffic tribulations. I’ve had my share of white knuckles and sweaty palms but not one accident since a fender bender in college. I go with the flow, and if the flow is doing 65 or 70 m.p.h. in bumper-to-bumper formation, well, as Tim Gunn likes to say on Project Runway, “Make it work!”
But in solitary situations, alone on some suburban boulevard or country lane, I like to ease off the gas pedal, settle in at a steady 35 m.p.h., and achieve an authentic state of cruising nirvana.
It’s a speed that allows me to appreciate my surroundings because the scenery doesn’t flash by in a blur. There’s also a significant safety factor because slowing down means I have more time to react and avoid potholes, bouncing balls, bull elk, or other hazards that may appear unexpectedly.
This is my way of pushing back against the relentlessly increasing pace of our high-intensity, on-demand society.
Think of it as the automotive equivalent of a trail ride. When you saddle up for an equestrian excursion, you don’t race across the countryside at a full gallop. It’s much nicer to mosey along and find pleasure in the journey.
Let me be clear about one crucial point: I would never, ever try to impose my personal commitment to mild motoring on anyone else.
I’m careful to pursue it only in private moments so as not to anger or annoy other motorists. They do their thing; I do my thing (when conditions permit).
“You’re the only person I know,” one friend said, “who waits until no one else is around so you can drive below the speed limit.” Is it possible I’m the only person in America with this particular passion? All I can say in response is that we humans often do strange things for love, and my emotions aren’t likely to change.
When I’m in the driver’s seat, with nothing but wide-open blacktop in both directions, 35 m.p.h. is the velocity of Cupid’s arrow.
Vocabulary
1. slow lane: 慢车道。
2. golf course: 高尔夫球场。
3. era: 时代，时期;commercial: (电视或电台的)商业广告;budget: 预算;constantly: 持续不断地，重复地;glorify: 吹捧，美化;supercharged: (汽车引擎)增压的，提高功率的;roaring: 轰鸣的，发出巨响的;tire: 轮胎;high-octane: 激动人心的，富有活力的。
4. 我没有“速度与激情”那一面。personality: 个性，性格;fast-and-furious: 迅速的，猛烈的，此处借用了电影名《速度与激情》(Fast and Furious)。
5. aversion: 厌恶，反感;schuss: 直线下滑;swoop: 向下猛冲，俯冲;segment: 部分，片段;pull off: 停靠(路边);secluded: 僻静的，隐蔽的;terrain: 地形，地势;portion: 部分;methodical: 有条不紊的，井然有序的;descent: 下坡。
6. vividly: 清晰地;thrash: 猛烈摆动，剧烈扭动;Matterhorn bobsled: 马特洪雪橇过山车。
7. howl: 高声嚷，大声呼叫;steep: 急剧的。
8. expressway: 高速公路。
9. cower: (因恐惧而)蜷缩，畏缩;steering wheel: 方向盘。
10. freeway: 高速公路;fright: 惊骇，恐惧;copilot: 副驾驶员。
11. tribulation: 问题，麻烦，困难。
12. 虽然我也有指节发白、掌心冒汗的时候，但除了大学时期那次轻微事故外，我没出过任何意外。knuckle: 指节，指关节;fender bender: 轻微交通事故。
13. flow: (人群或事物)流动，持续移动;bumper-to-bumper: 一辆接一辆的;Tim Gunn: 提姆•冈恩，知名时尚品牌丽资•克莱本(Liz Claiborne)的首席设计师;Project Runway: 《天桥骄子》，是一档关于时装设计的美国真人秀节目。
14. 但当我独自一人行驶在郊区的某条林荫大道或乡间小路上时，我喜欢松开油门，放缓速度，以每小时35英里的车速前进，真正进入享受缓慢前行的美妙天堂的状态。solitary: 单独的，独自的;suburban: 郊区的，城外的;boulevard: 林荫大道;ease off: 缓和，减轻;gas pedal: 加速装置，油门;cruising: 以平稳速度行驶的，缓慢行进的;nirvana: 极乐世界，和美之地。
15. flash by: 一闪而过;blur: 模糊不清。
16. pothole: 路面坑洼;bull elk: 公麋鹿;hazard: 危险，危害。
17. relentlessly: 不停地，不间断地。
18. automotive: 汽车的;equivalent: 相等物，对应物;trail: 乡间小路，林间小道。
19. 你备好马匹，骑马出游时，是不会在乡间纵马疾驰的。saddle up: 给马装上鞍;equestrian: 骑马的，马术的;excursion: 短途旅行，远足;at a full gallop: 疾驰，飞奔。
20. mosey: 闲逛，漫步。
21. 有一点很关键，我要说清楚：喜欢开慢车是我个人爱好，我绝对不会把这个观点强加给任何人。crucial: 至关重要的，关键性的;impose sth. on sb.: 把……强加于。
22. blacktop: 柏油路;velocity: 速度，速率;Cupid’s arrow: 丘比特之箭。
托福趣味阅读：各国的奇葩法律
1
A New Zealand bar manager and two Myanmar colleagues were sentenced to two and a half years in jail in a Yangon court on Tuesday.
缅甸仰光一家法庭对一位新西兰籍酒吧经理和他的两名缅甸同事判处监禁两年零六个月。
Their offense?
他们犯了什么罪呢?
Posting a Facebook image of a Buddha wearing headphones to promote an event last December.
原来是他们去年12月在脸书上上传了一张佛祖头戴耳机的照片来宣传他们的一个活动。
According to the Myanmar Times, the trio were sentenced to two years in jail for insulting religion through written word or pictures and a further six months for breaching local authority regulations.
据《缅甸时报》报道，这三人被判处的刑期中，两年是因为使用文字或图片侮辱宗教，另外的六个月是因为违反当地法规。
2
Here's a sampling of reasons travelers might suddenly, surprisingly, find themselves in jail -- or at least forced to pay a fine -- according to the British Foreign & Commonwealth Office.
英国外交和联邦事务部用以下实例说明，旅客怎样神不知鬼不觉地犯了罪，或被迫缴纳罚金。
Netherlands: Don't carry or use drugs.
荷兰：不可携带或使用毒品。
While the Netherlands has a reputation for being tolerant on the use of so-called “soft drugs,” this exists only for designated areas.
虽然荷兰被指对“软性毒品”的使用颇为宽容，但这仅限于指定地区。
Possession of prohibited substances or buying them can carry a prison sentence.
持有或购买违禁用品会被判刑。
Penalty: Arrest, detention.
处罚：逮捕，拘留。
3
Venice: Feeding the pigeons is against the law.
威尼斯：喂鸽子违法。
Penalty: Fine.
处罚：罚款。
4
Japan: It's illegal to bring some commonly available nasal sprays containing pseudoephedrine into Japan.
日本：不可携带含有假麻黄碱的喷鼻剂入境。
Penalty: Fine.
处罚：罚款。
5
Barcelona: It's against the law to wear a bikini, swimming trunks or to go bare-chested away from the beach-front area inBarcelona.
巴塞罗那：在巴塞罗那海滨地区，不可穿比基尼、泳裤或袒胸露乳。
Penalty: Fine.
处罚：罚款。
6
Italy(Florence): It's an offense to sit on steps and courtyards or to eat and drink in the immediate vicinity of churches and public buildings in Florence.
意大利(佛罗伦萨)：在佛罗伦萨，不可在教堂和公共建筑附近区域的台阶和庭院内落座，也不可进食。
Penalty: Large fine.
处罚：罚重金。
7
Nigeria: It's illegal to take mineral water into Nigeria.
尼日利亚：不可携带矿物质水入境。
Penalty: Fine, confiscation.
处罚：罚款，没收。
8
Sri Lanka: Another country that doesn't take kindly to its religion being insulted, whether the slight is intentional or not.
斯里兰卡：另一个无法容忍自己宗教被侮辱轻视的国家，不管是出于有意或无意。
Tourists have been arrested for mistreating Buddhist images and artifacts while taking photos, while one woman was reportedly arrested and deported for having a tattoo of Buddha.
曾有游客在为佛像拍照时因为不妥善对待佛祖肖像和史前文物而被捕。据报道，一女人因身上刻有佛祖纹身而被捕并驱逐出境。
篇2：托福阅读提升备考效率要做这3件事
TOEFL的阅读量非常大，一般的中国考生根本无法把文章全部读完，所谓的“扫读法”、“跳读法”和“略读法”也只能适用于少数类型的文章，根本不能解决本质问题。那么，文章到底应该怎么读法呢?一句话，主动地阅读文章的关键部位。所谓主动是指不能像一般的阅读那样完全被动地接受信息，而应该不断的进行思考和预测;所谓关键部位，主要是每一段的开头和结尾部分。由于TOEFL的阅读理解文章全部选自于正式出版物，文章的逻辑结构非常完整和严谨 ，而且出现的逻辑模式也是屈指可数。经过系统的训练，考生的预测可以做到非常准确的程度。这样，通过阅读文章的几处关键部位，就能很快地把握整个文章的结构和内在的逻辑关系，也就解决了问题的70%。
托福阅读的“速度与激情”
On the Facts and Fantasy of Speed Reading
“你喜欢《素鸡7》 吗?”
“素鸡7?哦，七了七了……”
“素鸡!!!7!!!就是那个蛤蟆一样的猛男，还有保罗·沃克的。
“哦哦!速激哦!没看。”
……
各位看官，没错，今天我们就是要来谈一谈素鸡……不对，是雅思阅读里的速读和激情。
相信很多同学跟我一样，都觉得托福阅读应该是听说读写里最简单的咯!明摆在那里嘛，爷想看就看，不就是开卷考试嘛!从文章里找答案谁不会，到时候只要爷阅读速度上来了!哼哼!
理想：嗖……刷……呼……轻松拿下阅读30分。
现实：
“Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.”(TPO13, Types of Social Groups)
或者……
“In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels carrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels; thus, the heat is transferred from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels before it reaches the flipper itself.” (TPO15，A Warm-Blooded Turtle)
(内心戏：blood，…TT^bloody&.%^&。给我把ETS出题人找来，我保证不打死他的!)
于是我们的阅读速度就从“速度与激情”成了“李根你不行!”(金隅球迷别打我)
同学不禁要问了，“宝宝怎么办嘛!”
我们先来看几个阅读速度吓死人不偿命的人吧!
Franklin D. Roosevelt：
罗斯福大哥，能够一眼看完一段;常常是瞥一眼就翻过去，然后思考下整页试图说明什么。
John F. Kennedy:
1200 WPM (word per minute)。
稍微解释一下1200wpm这是什么概念，一篇托福阅读的长度一般是700w，也就是说风流倜傥的JFK几乎可以一分钟读两篇……
……
先别急着撞墙……还有呢
Oscar Wilde：
Oscar Wilde claimed he could read both pages of an open book simultaneously (同时!阅读一本翻开的书的两页)
文字来源：美国记者和书评家Cynthia Crossen，Wall Street Journal)
这我还真的知道……
真正去解决“快速阅读”的难题，不可能像漫画里说的那样，1.5小时就搞定。针对托福阅读，我们首先应该正确理解速度的意义。
Mortimer J. Adler 和Charles van Doran在非常著名的How to Read A Book里面提出，“所谓阅读速度，理想上来说，不只是要能读得快，还要能用不同的速读来阅读——要知道什么时候用什么样的速度是恰当的。”
应该分两步去提升，也就是读前，读中。
Before-reading
读前，有三大准备工作需要去做。
一，克服有限词汇量(lack of sufficient vocabulary)。词汇量有限会严重牵制你的阅读速度，这是不言自明的。来，随意感受一下以下两句给你的不同感觉：
1. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Denmark and Norway had fewer than 1 million people, while Sweden and the Netherlands had fewer than 2.5 million inhabitants. (TPO 18 Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia)
2. Like floral nectar, extrafloral nectar consists mainly of water with a high content of dissolved sugars and, in some plants, small amounts of amino acids. (TPO 34 Protection of Plants by Insects)
这两句话长度相当，但是第二句出现了一些较难的专业词汇(extrafloral nectar, amino acids)，还有一些搭配(consist of…)，所以词汇量中等的同学就总是被生词打断，导致阅读速度减慢。
如果想实现快速阅读，我们词汇量要有多少?
有一个标准，就是能够“推理出不熟悉词汇周围的词汇的意义”。如果针对托福考试的话，你要做到的是托福阅读词汇题选项里的词汇能够熟知。如果把这标准再细化，我们必须有基础英语词汇和搭配4000-4500个(大学四级水平)，再加上专业词汇个，才能保证最基本的阅读速度。
放个ETS给出的关于提升词汇知识的干货在这里，Continually expand your vocabulary knowledge.
二，具备过硬的句型分析能力。我有一个在美国已经就读了两年半的学生，什么BT级别的词都基本认全了：从抽象的“指导-tutelage”到气象学的“沉降-precipitation”，再到“寡头政治-oligarchy”，但是人家在SAT阅读里竟然只考了区区400分(50%)，真是让人跌破眼镜。我问他当年为什么如此，他说自己一句话每个词都认识，但是看完整句就不知道在说什么;而看完整段就更是已经是奇迹。所以考场上老是昏昏欲睡。
从这位同学的课堂分析起来，最大问题还是句型没拿下，定状补、主谓宾“一视同仁”。
英语文章里最大的语法难点是句型，尤其是万恶的定语部分。我们还是看上文的那个例子：“In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels carrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels…”
我们把核心的定语抠出来，应该是这样In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels (carrying cooled blood from the flippers) run close enough to the blood vessels (carrying warm blood from the body) to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels…”
搞清楚谁修饰什么，明白各个句子成分的主次关系，是我们平时学习语法中要好好关注的。这个在我们谈论速读的文章里就恕不展开了：一句话，阅读要关注核心信息点，而核心信息点往往出现在“名词”部分上。
三，必须带着目的去阅读。还是How to Read A Book 里面所说，很多人根本不知道自己在寻找什么就开始阅读，往往贻害很多。像我的那个爱徒，其实经过长难句的折磨以后，阅读已经提升很多，但是还是把自己的能力限制在“读懂”文章上，所以阅读起来照旧是昏昏欲睡。“人们在读一本好书的时候会打瞌睡，并不是他们不想努力，而是因为他们不知道要如何努力。”(How to Read A Book. P.45)
阅读应该是主动的劳作。
在阅读前，就应该先将文章题目分析一下，并在头脑中预测阅读文本的内容。Grellet (1981) 把这种行为称为anticipation，并指出，读者在头脑中期望阅读的内容越多，那么就越容易抓住阅读的中心。
While-reading
Don’ts
1. 出声阅读和亚出声阅读(Vocalization &Subvocalization)
出声读顾名思义，就是读出文本，而亚出声阅读则是指在脑内进行“朗读”。
笔者从Speed Reading for Dummies(Richard Sutz and Peter Weverka)里摘了一个很有趣的小实验，可以帮你检查出你是否习惯了vocalization。请默读以下儿歌：
Hickory dickory dock
The mouse ran up the clock
The clock struck one
The mouse ran down
Hickory dickory dock
如果你也听到了很多的k和d还有其他的辅音，那么你也是属于“出声朗读”派了。
为什么不能够出声活亚出声阅读?
首先，因为人的朗读速度远比阅读速度慢。人正常说话的语速是150-200WPM(你可以想想自己托福口语45秒钟限时，能说几个词)，而高水平的英语阅读者应该要追求达到200-400WPM。我想，要克服这出声朗读，嚼口香糖是个不错的办法。
其次，出声或亚出声阅读会增加给认知系统带来额外的负担，从而降低阅读速度。请大家看下图，如果我们出声阅读，那么本来应该全身心投入到理解的那一部分脑活动，就会被发声器官给拿走了。如果大脑好比是电脑CPU，内存不足，运行自然就慢了。
第三，它会干扰到语境阅读。举例来说，上文例句：Like floral nectar, extrafloral nectar consists mainly of water with a high content of dissolved sugars and, in some plants, small amounts of amino acids.如果你习惯于出声阅读，那么在floral nectar和extrafloral nectar等词汇上，就会浪费时间去发声，从而降低阅读理解的速度。
2. 回读 (Regression)
回读的类别：一是你的眼睛回看到刚刚读过的内容上;还有就是你读着发现自己漏了几行，只好再回头去读。
很多学生说，老师我回读是没办法，因为我看不懂，不得不回头再重新理解一遍。
错!很多时候回读是因为你的大脑开始游移，你只好迫使眼睛回去重新读，然后大脑就更加觉得无聊。
3. 逐字读(Word-by-word Reading)
我想这个就不用多说了吧，很多人一辈子都是一个词一个词地阅读，仿佛上了一辈子高中精读课……但是
“word-by-word reading is a rotten way to read faster. It actually cuts down on your speed.”(美国电视喜剧之父，Bill Cosby)
Dos
1. 找工具辅助——Meta Guiding
Meta guiding is the visual guiding of the eye using a finger or pointer, such as a pen, in order for the eye to move faster along the length of a passage of text. It involves drawing invisible shapes on a page of text in order to broaden the visual span for speed reading. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_reading)
根据这个释义，我们在用工具的时候，引导眼睛的运动方向就应该如下：
用工具的好处很多，一是可以保证我们的注意力集中在所读位置;二是可以逐渐引导自己阅读速度越来越快。
可以选用的工具有两种，pencil-pointer or hand-pointer，如下：
人家的玉手
2. 限时阅读——Timing
为了适应托福考试的考试速度，经常拿真题来进行限时阅读时非常有必要的!既可以迫使我们集中注意力，又可以不断提升我们临场的自信，不至于到头来无从应对。
3.意群阅读(Clustering or Chunking)&找关键词(Key Words)
“昨天，我打车回家路上，司机和我聊了一路有一回在工体拉了国安的张稀哲他们的事。”
您把这句话用口语说出来，其实自然停顿的地方就是一个切分单元。如果你不能够把“中华人民共和国”看成是一整个单元，而是“中华-人民-共和-国”，那么阅读速度就跟坐了驴车一样了。
所以，我们在托福阅读中一定要努力训练自己把句子按照一个个自然停顿的地方切开来。
关键词是指一个意群里的核心词，比如主语及修饰语里的核心名词。比如以下例句：In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels carrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels，
首先用眼去快速切如下意群：In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels/ carrying cooled blood/ from the flippers/ run close enough to/ the blood vessels /carrying warm blood /from the body /to pick up some heat/ from the warmer blood vessels。
然后再抠出句子的核心词汇，变成blood vessels (cooled) run close enough to blood vessels(warm)to pick up some heat.
意群和核心词的训练应该循序渐进，高级阅读者的一个意群可能长达7/8个词汇。比如the blood vessels/ carrying cooled blood from the flippers/ run close enough to/ the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body /to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels。
希望大家在平常的时候可以用逐字读到两三个字切分读，再到7-8个词切分读的方式试一下，看看自己能够做到什么水平。
4. 科学用眼——Fixation
还是举罗斯福大哥为例，他一开始也只能一眼看到2-3个单词，然后他渐渐(关键来了)练习到能一眼看到3-4个单词，然后是6-8个。最终，他做到了一瞥瞥一段(并且理解)。这谜眼速的男子，是如何做到的呢?其实就是不断训练自己一眼要看2-3行(“fixation”)。
托福阅读本身的难度，可能使我们无法达到如此理想的状态，但是我们也要努力打开自己的视幅。
最后呀，我们总结一下，要想阅读速度有质的飞跃：
读前要做三件事：词汇语法要过硬，阅读目的要清晰!
读中3不做4做：不出声，不逐字，不回读;用工具，掐时间，切意群，还有巧用眼!
希望这篇文章让各位不仅有速度，而且还有激情!^_^
托福阅读满分策略：以词汇为策略，做题讲方法
在托福备考的四个项目中，相对而言，阅读还是比较讲求策略和技术的。也就是说，想要在短时间内突击阅读的高分，除了有良好的词汇基础之外，一些做题策略也会给你带来不小的帮助。
在托福备考的四个项目中，相对而言，阅读还是比较讲求策略和技术的。也就是说，想要在短时间内突击阅读的高分，除了有良好的词汇基础之外，一些做题策略也会给你带来不小的帮助。那么，在以下内容中，我们就为大家带来，突击托福阅读满分的三大策略分析。
一、做题的误区
考生做旧托福考试(TOEFL)阅读或者平时的阅读练习时，时常表现出一些不良的做题习惯。有些考生读文章时喜欢在试题上划线，似乎不做记号，阅读就无法进行，思维就停止活动。不过在新托福网络考试中，考生面对电脑就做不了任何标志记号。
有些考生文章根本不读完，直接做题。这种方法相当于瞎子摸象，对文章只有局部的感觉，整个文章的概念无法获得。要提醒考生的是，近年考试中针对整个文章提问的题量有所增加。所以，这种不看文章直接做题的方法是极其危险的。
有些考生则喜欢把文章一字不漏地细读之后再做题。这种方法仅适合于两种情况，其一，考生已具备相当的阅读水平，长期以来运用这种方法效果甚佳;其二，某一篇具体的文章是考生所熟悉的内容，细读文章并不会花太多的时间。一般来说，大部分考生采用细读文章方法，做题时间严重不足。考生不应该忘记，阅读理解测试速度和理解两个方面。
在做词汇题时，许多考生认为做不对题与自己的词汇量有关，认识单词能做对，不认识单词就会做错。事实上，那些认识的单词经常做错，不认识的单词反而能做对。原因是，做不认识单词时，考生会仔细研读词汇题的上下文，力求在上下文中突破。而做认识单词时，忽略上下文的重要性，往往是装模作样的看一下上下文，便匆匆做出抉择。所以，做好词汇题关键在于透彻分析上下文——词汇题的句子以及上下一句话，有时候，个别词汇题也许需要在文章其他段落寻找线索。
二、读文章的方法
第一步：花两三分钟时间扫描每篇文章头一两个句子，定位文章难易程度。
虽然平均每篇文章做题时间为11分钟，但是有的文章七八分钟便可以轻松对付，有的文章则需要15分钟左右。一般来说，5篇文章中有2篇难度大一些，比方说：如果最后一篇文章难度大，且12-14道题，在这种情况下，按部就班做题就有可能因时间不够而做错好几道题，带来巨大的损失。因此首先定位文章难程度，同时目测文章的含金量(即题量分布)，有助于科学分配阅读部分的做题时间。
第二步：采取“结构扫描”法阅读具体的一篇文章。
所谓结构，即文章的骨架子。TOEFL文章是纯学术体(Academic)，是北美国际留学生在大学里天天都能接触到的教科书风格的文章，这些文章涉及人文社科和自然科学，均议论文、说明文，最显著的特点是呈板块结构。
TOEFL文章均由数个自然段组成，正确的阅读文章的方法应该是把文章首句先吃透，文章首句经常为文章主题。然后把首段的其他句子尽快略读，文章其他段落采取同样的方法阅读。各段落其他句子一般来说都是用来说明各个段落的主题句，没有必要每个句子理解难度大，而不涉及考题，在此句停留无疑是白白浪费时间。所以，采取“结构扫描”法，意味着以最快捷的方式了解文章大意，从而正确引导下一步做具体的题，而不至于出现大方向的理解错误。
三、做题的方法
1.做题总则：
文章大致看完之后，才能开始做题。做题时，应牢记以下几点：
(1)每篇文章的题目基本上根据文章布局一步一步向前推进，即使有个别题打乱文章布局，在题干里总是有提供信息的关键词将考生带入文章的具体部位。
(2)做题时，根据题干或选项的关键词回归文章寻找重现关键词或其释义的语言区域，同时排除相应的选项。
(3)到难句子时，最直接有效的方式就是对其进行句子结构分析，迅速把握整个句子的意思，不要盯着单个的词不放，不然就会因小失大。
(4)每个问题的四个选项或者是对文章中相关部分的正确释度、或者是歪曲原文、或者与原文毫不相干。换句话说，命题专家在设置试题时会玩一些文字游戏，用各种表达形式让考生晕头转向、雾里看花。考生应该明白自己的职责是辨别真伪，找到合符文章意思和题意的选项。
2.区别对待几种题：
(1)主旨题。
主旨题有三种：A、作者的意图;B、文章标题;C、文章的中心思想。这种题一般为第一道题，建议考生把这道题放在最后做，因为做其他题时，考生会逐步了解文章的各个细节，在做题的过程中就会对文章个总的理解，最后处理主旨题可谓水到渠成、万无一失。
(2)列举题。
列举题有两种：A、一正三误;B、三正误。也可分为四类。第一类：一句话列举。根据某个选项的语言提示，回归文章找到一句话，这句话包含三个选项的内容;第二类：局部列举。根据题意，回归文章发现连续两三句话涉及三个选项的内容;第三类：段落列举。题干语言在某自然段首句重现。这个句子为段落主题句，即三个选项的内容在这段出现，不涉及到其他段落;第四类：文章列举。选项内容涉及整个文章。一句话列举题和段落列举题有明显的信号词帮助答题，根据题序做题，不必区别对待。文章列举题和局部列举题则应放其他题做完之后再处理。
(3)文章结论题。
文章结论题即根据文章可以推断出下面哪个选项结论是正确的，题干没有任何语言信号词。这种题有以下几种布局：为文章第一道题时，相当于文章主旨题，应放在最后一道题时，有可能针对文章最后部分，也有可能针对整篇文章，但不大可能涉及文章其他部分的细节。所以文章结论题应该具体情况具体分析，并不一定是面对整个文章。
(4)作者态度题。
作者态度题分为两种：A、局部作者态度题;B、整体作者态度题。文章最后一道题问及作者态度时为整体作者态度题，它涉及通篇文章，要根据整个文章数个语言点串起来的一根主线答题，也就是作者行文的口气。考生千万不可以根据某一个语言点答题，因为整体作者态度题不是考核某一个点，而是考整体感觉。局部作者态度题位置比较灵活，往往问及作者对文章中某一个具体内容的看法，题干通常信号请将考生带回文章某一区域，考查考生对某个语言点的理解。有时候，某个选项从作者的表达相悖，因此，做作者态度题时，考生一定注意不要把自己作为读者的分析、观点强加于作者。
(5)文章想方设法题。
文章结构题三种：A、文章前面的段落内容是什么?B、文章下面接着将要讲什么?C、文章组织结构是什么?推断文章前面的内容立足于文章首句，因为文章首句承上启下，尤其注意首句中诸如this、so、other、than之类的结构词。预测下文的内容则分两步走：第一、读文章每段首句，文章每段首句表示文章内容的逻辑走向。如果文章讲述某一事物的两个阶段或方面，下文将介绍这一事物的第三个阶段或方面。我们把预测下文内容的题称之为坐标题，即竖看文章每段首句，横看文章最后一句，其他句子是文章所讲内容，而不是下面将要讲的内容，往往选项干扰来自文章所讲内容。至于文章的组织结构题，只需要读文章每段首句即可，因为这些句子是文章框架。
篇3：托福阅读想要拿高分先做好这3件事
托福阅读提分从基础开始 想要拿高分先做好这3件事
汇总背熟阅读热门词汇
如果想要把自己的阅读速度提升，其中有一个最要的因素即为词汇。在大家备考托福过程中一个词汇也在经历不断累积的过程，而在积累词汇过程中考生要学着整理这些词汇，特别是针对那些最容易在阅读文章里出现的高频词汇一定要多做归纳整理，再针对这些词汇出现的语言环境提升掌握能力，如此一来大家对阅读词汇的了解也会提升。
打好语法基础看懂长难句
大家在做托福练习的过程中能够感觉到许多语法内容知识点都已完全融入到了阅读和听力的一些题目中。想要应对好这些题目，最关键的是好句子的结构分析。提升句子结构，就是指将主谓宾结构部分和定状补修饰成分准确把握。做到这一点看上去简单，但实际处理时却仍有一定难度。特别是当考生处理一些长难句复杂句时，如何完全分析出句型结构也需要针对练习，而阅读速度则能在这些练习中获得提升。
提高阅读速度掌握速读技巧
在阅读的过程中大部分同学都会出现一个问题：自己在词汇和语法上都是有基础的，但想要提升阅读速度却会变得一场困难。假如你也有这种问题，那么小编建议你可以去调整一下自己的阅读方法了。大多数考生在阅读时，都有先看完文章完全理解后再开始答题的习惯，而这种做法很容易造成考试时间的紧张。在此小编需要提醒大家，托福考试作为一门语言考试，考察最重要的还是大家的答题能力，而不是阅读能力。所以，考生不需要清晰地把全文的每一个细节都彻底了解。小编建议大家的阅读理解方式是，首先仔细阅读文章段落的第1、2句，把握住段落主旨大意，然后快速浏览其余部分。通过这样的方式阅读，既能加快阅读速度，又能让大家对文章的结构思路更有把握。
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Generally, in order to be preserved in the fossil record, organisms must possess hard body parts such as shells or bones. Soft, fleshy structures are quickly destroyed by predators or decayed by bacteria. Even hard parts left on the surface for a certain length of time will be destroyed. Therefore, organisms must be buried rapidly to escape destruction by the elements and to be protected against agents of weathering and erosion. Marine organisms thus are better candidates for fossilization than those living on the land because the ocean is typically the site of sedimentation, whereas the land is largely the site of erosion.
The beds of ancient lakes were also excellent sites for rapid burial of skeletal remains of freshwater organisms and skeletons of other animals, including those of early humans. Ancient swamps were particularly plentiful with prolific growths of vegetation, which fossilized in abundance. Many animals became trapped in bogs overgrown by vegetation. The environment of the swamps kept bacterial decay to a minimum, which greatly aided in the preservation of plants and animals. The rapidly accumulating sediments in flood plains, deltas, and stream channels buried freshwater organisms, along with other plants and animals that happened to fall into the water.
Only a small fraction of all the organisms that have ever lived are preserved as fossils. Normally, the remains of a plant or animal are completely destroyed through predation and decay. Although it seems that fossilization is common for some organisms, for others it is almost impossible. For the most part, the remains of organisms are recycled in the earth, which is fortunate because otherwise soil and water would soon become depleted of essential nutrients. Also, most of the fossils exposed on Earth's surface are destroyed by weathering processes. This makes for an incomplete fossil record with poor or no representation of certain species.
The best fossils are those composed of unaltered remains. Generally, it is the inorganic hard parts, composed mostly of calcium carbonate, that form the vast majority of unaltered fossils. Calcite and aragonite also contributed to a substantial number of fossils of certain organisms.
1. According to the passage , an organism without hard body parts
(A) is not likely to appear in the fossil record
(B) is not heavy enough to sink below the surface
(C) is not attractive to predators
(D) takes a long time to decay
2. The word agents in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) dangers
(B) examples
(C) areas
(D) causes
3. Why are marine organisms good candidates for fossilization?
(A) They have more fleshy structures than land organisms.
(B) It is likely that they will be buried rapidly.
(C) The water environment speeds the decay caused by bacteria.
(D) It takes longer for them to be preserved.
4. The fact that the land is largely the site of erosion (line 7 - 8) is significant because
(A) erosion is less destructive than sedimentation.
(B) fossils are most common in areas subject to erosion.
(C) erosion contributes to the destruction of skeletal remains.
(D) few organisms live in areas that experience extensive erosion.
5. According to the passage , why were the remains of organisms trapped in swamps better
preserved for the fossil record than those that were not?
(A) The swamp environment reduced the amount of bacterial decay.
(B) Swamp waters contained higher amounts of materials such as calcium carbonate.
(C) There were fewer sediments in swamps than in other bodies of water.
(D) Swamp vegetation accelerated the decomposition of organisms.
6. The word aided in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) reversed
(B) helped
(C) reformed
(D) counted
7. It can be inferred that flood plains, deltas, and stream channels (lines 14 - 15) are similar in
which of the following ways?
(A) Animals rather than plants have been preserved at such locations.
(B) Such locations are likely to be rich sources of fossils.
(C) Fossilized human remains are only rarely found in such locations.
(D) Rapid sedimentation in such locations makes it difficult to locate fossils.
8. What is the author's main point in paragraph 3?
(A) Weathering makes it impossible to identify many fossils.
(B) Many fossils have been buried forever under the soil.
(C) Fossils provide a limited sample of ancient organisms.
(D) It is easier to find the remains of plants than animals.
9. Why does the author mention aragonite in line 27
(A) To explain why fossils are rare
(B) To compare aragonite fossils and calcite fossils
(C) To argue that certain fossils are more informative than others
(D) To illustrate the kinds of inorganic hard parts that can form fossils
PASSAGE 88 ADBCA BBCD
篇4：托福备考只要做到这3件事
托福备考只要做到这3件事 冲刺100+高分就有把握
托福备考需要完整细致的学习计划
托福备考中能够保证高分的基础就在于一个有条理有细节的合理备考计划。学习计划大家应该都会有，但够不够全面细节安排是否到位可能就有待商榷了。很多同学的备考计划其实可能只有明天学什么明天学什么，或者是这个礼拜要做什么这个月要怎么练这类只有目标没有具体实施安排的粗略计划。而想要获得托福高分靠着这种计划是行不通的。小编认为考生的备考计划需要有明确的规划目标，无论短期还是长期都要有，比如这个月具体需要做到哪些事情，这个礼拜要练好什么题型等等。另外备考计划还需要添加充分的细节，比如每天学习大概花多少小时做哪些题目，或是需要练习几篇作文背几个LIST的词汇等等。备考计划的细节越是丰富，考生执行这些计划才能更有目标性，达成目标以后也会更有成就感，这样的备考计划才能够帮助大家通过较为长期的备考最终收获一份满意的成果。
托福备考需要学应试技巧
托福考试虽然考察的是大家的英语语言能力，但说到底毕竟还是一门考试，而既然是考试那就一定有应对的技巧。托福考试的备考过程中，考生主要花时间掌握和提升的其实就是这些应试技巧。应试技巧种类很多，有些是为了帮助大家在限时内做完题目的技巧，比如阅读提速或者快速解答时某些难题;有些则是让考生能够更好发挥出自身实力的临场技巧，比如面对难题的猜题还有保持整体答题节奏以及随时调整心理状态等等;还有一些则是针对不同考试科目具体题型的快速解题且能够保证正确率的技巧。无论是哪方面的技巧，考生都需要在托福备考中通过各种训练方式来学习和熟练，并在考试中把这些技巧灵活运用出来。因此，大家在备考过程中，对于技巧的学习才是备考的重点所在。
考前阶段一定要做好充分准备
可能大家都知道，备考中积累的实力只是考生能够获得理想成绩的一个重要因素，而考生能否发挥出这些实力则需要看大家的考场实战发挥也就是临场表现。很多同学备考做了很多时间准备也比较到位，但到了考场上因为各种原因没能发挥出实力，本来能做对的题目都做错，这样也是无法获得高分的。因此，小编认为考生需要提前积累足够的实战经验，而这部分的工作就需要大家在考试临近的考前阶段来做好了。具体的包括一些考场上的应试经验，应对各种考场突发状况和外界干扰的策略措施，还有考前前往考场熟悉交通线路踩点确保能够准时到场的种.种准备等等。考生只有在考前事无巨细地做足功课，才能保证考场上万无一失的顺利发挥，而能够做好这些考前准备的同学，距离托福高分也就不会远了。
总而言之，托福考试的备考过程中虽然看似大家要做的事情千头万绪，但考生需要关注的大方向其实并不算多，大家如果能够做好本文中提到的这三件事，那么冲刺托福高分100+其实也并不会太难，最后小编祝大家托福备考顺利，考试成功拿下满意分数。
托福语法中介词to的常见用法
1介词to的常见用法
1.动词+to
a)动词+ to
adjust to适应，attend to处理;照料，agree to赞同，amount to加起来达…，belong to属于，come to达到，drink to为…干杯，get to到达，happen to发生在某人身上，hold to紧握，lead to通向，listen to听，occur to想起，object to反对，point to指向，respond to回答，refer to参考;指的是…;涉及，reply to回答，see to负责，stick to坚持，turn to求助，write to给某人写信。
b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.
announce to通知某人， describe to向某人描述， explain to向某人解释， express to对某人表达， mention to提及， nod to向某人点头， report to报告， say to告知， shout to对某人大叫， suggest to对某人提建议，speak to与某人交谈， talk to跟某人谈话， whisper to和某人低声耳语。
c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加， compare to比作， carry to运送至， devote to致力于，introduce to介绍给， invite to邀请参加， join to连接到， leave to委托给，reduce to下降至， sentence to判处， take to带到。
2. be +形容词/过去分词+ to
be alive to觉察;晓得，be attentive to注意;留心，be awake to知晓，be blind to缺乏眼光，be close to紧挨着，be common to对某人来说很普通，be contrary to违反;反对，be devoted to致力，be deaf to不愿意听，be exposed to暴露;遭受，be fair to对…公平，be familiar to对某人来说熟悉，be grateful to对某人心存感激，be good to对…有好处，be harmful to对…有危害，be important to对…重要，be kind to友好对待，be known to周知于，be married to嫁给，be moved to转移到，be near to靠近，be necessary to对…有必要，be opposite to在对面，be opposed to反对，be pleasant to合某人之意，be polite to礼貌待人，be rude to粗暴对待，be relative to与…有关，be strange to不习惯，be similar to类似，be suitable to适合，be true to忠实，be thankful to感激，be useful to对…有用，be used to习惯。
3.to+名词构成的词组
to a degree在某种程度上， to date到现在为止，to one's feet跳起来，to one's mind照…看来， to one's surprise使…吃惊，to one's taste符合胃口， to oneself独自享用，to the letter不折不扣地， to the point中肯地
托福语法：定冠词the的省略
不用the(走冠词)的情形如下：
1 除上述情况外，不用在地名或人名之前。
2 除用于特指含义外，不用在抽象名词之前：
Men fear death.
人怕死。
The death of the Prime Minister left his party without a leader.
首相一死，他的党派就群龙无首了。
3 不用在所有格名词或所有格形容词之前：
the boy’s uncle= the uncle of the boy这个男孩的叔叔
It is my(blue) book.相当于：
The(blue)book is mine.
这(蓝皮)书是我的。
4 不用在三餐名称之前(但参见第3节C)：
The Scots have porridge for breakfast.
苏格兰人早餐吃麦片粥。
The wedding breakfast was held in her father’s house.
婚礼早宴是在她父亲家举行的。
5 不用在体育项目的名称之前：
He plays golf.
他打高尔夫球。
6 不用在表示身体各部位或服装的各部分名称之前，这里通常用其所有格形式：
Raise your right hand.
举起你的右手。
He took off his coat.
他脱掉了大衣。
但应注意以下说法：
She seized the child’s collar.
她抓住孩子的衣领。
I patted his shoulder.
我轻轻地拍了拍他的肩膀。
The brick hit John’s face.
砖头打在约翰的脸上。
这三个句子也可以换一个方法来说：
She seized the child by the collar.
她抓住孩子的衣领。
I patted him on the shoulder.
我轻轻地拍了拍他的肩膀。
The brick hit John in the face.
砖头打在约翰的脸上。
用被动式表示时也与此相似：
He was hit on the head.
他被击中头部。
He was cut in the hand.
他的手割破了。
注意在有些欧洲语言中定冠词可以用在不定的复数名词之前，而英语中绝不可以那样用：
Women are expected to like babies.
妇女被当成是该喜欢小孩的。(指一般妇女)
Big hotels all over the world are very much the same.
世界各地的大饭店都很相像。
在上述第一个例子中，如果在women之前加上the，就表明是特指某一部分妇女。
C nature指自然界(动植物等的世界)的创造之灵和原动力时，之前不使用the：
If you interfere with nature you will suffer for it.
谁干扰大自然，就要承受恶果。
托福语法：一般将来时用法
A 表示说话人对于将来的看法、假定和推测的句子中常由动词assume，be afraid，be/feel sure， believe， daresay， doubt， expect，hope，know，suppose，think，wonder等来引导或与副词per-haps，possibly，probably，surely等连用，但也可以不用这些副词：
(I’m sure)he’ll come back.
(我肯定)他会回来。
(I suppose)they’ll sell the house.
(我想)他们要卖房子。
(Perhaps)we’ll find him at the hotel.
(也许)我们会在旅馆里找到他。
They’ll(probably)wait for us.
他们(很可能)要等我们。
一般将来时可以与时间连用，也可以不连用。这里有时也可以用 be going to，但后一种用法使动作的可能性显得更大些，而且如果没有时间时动作可能会发生得更快些。
He’ll build a house(他要盖房子)仅意指这是我的看法而不含有什么时候开始盖房子的概念。
但 He’s going to build a house(他打算盖房子)则意指他已经做出决定，很可能不久将着手盖。
B 同样，一般将来时用来表示通常认为将要有的习惯性动作：
Spring will come again.
春天将重返人间。
Birds will build nests.
鸟要筑巢。
People will make plans.
人们将制订计划。
Other men will climb these stairs and sit at my desk.
其他人会爬上这些楼梯，坐在我的桌旁。
(以上各句中也可分别用will be coming/building/making/climbing/sitting。)
C 一般将来时常用在带条件从句、时间从句的句子中，有时用在带目的从句的句子中：
If I drop this glass it will break.
如果我把这个杯子掉到地上，它就会摔碎。(参见第221节。)
When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt.
天气变暖时，雪开始融化。(参见第342节。)
I’m putting this letter on top of the pile so that he’ll read it first.
我把这封信放在那堆上面，这样他就会先看它。(参见第336节。)注意：在if从句或时间从句中，即使句子是指将来，也不用将来时：
He will probably be late.
他很可能要迟到。
但是说：
If he is late…
如果他迟到……
It will get warmer soon.
天气很快会变得暖和起来。
但是说：
When it gets warmer…
在天气变暖和的时候……
D 各助动词及表示感觉、感情、思想以及占有等概念的动词一般不能用进行时态。(参见第168节。)它们通常用一般将来时表示将来，虽然有时也可以用 be going to形式。这些动词自然也不用现在进行时表示将来：
He’ll be here at six.
他将在6点钟到这里。
You’ll have time for tea.
你会有时间吃茶点的。
She’ll wonder where you are.
她会纳闷你在什么地方。
They’ll know tonight.
今晚他们会知道。
E 一般将来时也用于关于将来计划的正式宣布及天气预报。这主要用于报纸和新闻广播中。在会话中这种陈述常会用现在进行时或 be going to结构来表示：
Newspaper：The President will open the new heliport tomorrow.
新闻：明天总统将主持新直升机机场的开幕典礼。
The fog will persist in all areas.
各地区仍将持续有雾。
但一般读者及听者自己会这样说：
The President is going to open/is opening…
总统将主持……
The fog is going to persist/continue…
大雾仍将持续/延续……
F won’t可以与各种人称连用，表示否定的意向。所以He won’t pay(他不会付钱)可能是下面两种意思中的任何一种：他拒绝付钱或我认为他不会付钱。
I/we will可表达肯定的意向(参见第 201节)，但是 he/you/they will一般不表示意向。在下面这种句子中它们有时可能表示意向，如 My son/brother/husband etc.will help you(我的儿子/兄弟/丈夫等会帮助你的)。但这种意图是说话人的，而不是主语的。
篇5：托福听力考前冲刺备考必做这3件事
考前模考的目的是为了做考题精细分析，从托福官方模考套题25或30开始，考前一周争取模考2-4次，如果确实是没有时间的话，也要保证1-2次。考生可以整套的模考，也可以模考听读部分，连续做2个小时。
模考完成后，考生需要在笔记上及功夫，重新再记笔记，必须要覆盖所有的考点，建议次数2-3次。也可以偶尔借助一些语音软件，逐句放音重新精听，找到每个逻辑层次的重点，对应第一次笔记和最后一次笔记，反思自己的考点抓取，信息筛选，信息记录，逻辑连接，层次划分，对应解题等方面的问题。
托福听力冲刺备考必做：对话题科目查漏补缺
通过上面的模考，我们就知道自己的漏点和缺处是哪里了，然后结合平时的听力练习，找出自己欠缺的学科。比如理科生可能不擅长艺术类，历史类，考古类学科。文科生可能不擅长天文类，地质类讲座。大部分学生都不太熟悉心理学和经济学等学科，考试占比不大，准备充分的学生需要进行学科词汇复习，熟悉单词的发音和意思，务必做到“音形义”瞬间反应。
篇6：托福听力考前冲刺备考必做这3件事
也是通过模考，考生从模考中总结出常错的题型，比如主旨题，推断题，功能题，还是重听题，多选题。找到自己的薄弱项，针对性攻克，找出每种题型的出题原理和解题方法
新托福听力备考：单句练习
1. I saw her practicing the violin.
我看见她练习拉小提琴。
2. He came over to our house just the other day.
那天他来我们家里了。
3. Sidney had a tooth removed.
锡德尼拔了一颗牙。
4. How on earth can you believe that!
你怎么能竟然相信那个!
5. The shops are closed for the night.
因到了晚上，商店关了门。
6. I thought you weren’t coming to class today.
我原以为你今天不来上课了。
7. Don failed physics and had to take it over.
唐物理不及格，还得再考一遍。
8. No sooner had the storm started than all the lights went out.
暴风雨刚刚开始所有的灯就都熄灭了。
9. He’s planning a graduation party for his sister on the 20th of next month.
他正计划在下个月的20号为他的姐姐搞一个毕业聚合。
10. The bookstore is out of textbooks for French 102.
书店里没有法语102教科书了。
11. I really need to brush up on my math.
我真的需要认真复习一下数学。
12. There’s almost nobody on campus who doesn’t know Irene.
校园里几乎没有谁不认识Irene的。
13. He has a job on the side, preparing the laboratory every day for the next experiments.
他有一个兼职工作，每天在实验室为下一次试验做准备。
14. I can’t deny that I was awful in the play.
我不否认/不瞒你说，我在剧中演得很糟。
15. Gloria’s been knocking herself out on that project.
格罗利亚在那个项目上一直把自己搞得精疲力竭。
16. You’re going to finish school this semester, aren’t you?
你这个学期要毕业了吧?
17. Professor Jenkins suggested that I use her name as a reference.
詹金斯教授建议我使用她的名字作为参考。
18. Shouldn’t we be thinking about leaving for work?
我们是否该考虑去工作了?
19. Louise’ family was pleased by her thoughtful gift.
路易丝全家对她考虑周到的礼物非常满意。
20. She used to live in the dormitory, but now she has her own apartment.
她以前住在宿舍，而现在拥有自己的公寓了。
新托福听力备考：单句练习
1. Bill, thanks for picking up the books for me.
比尔，谢谢你把我的书拾了起来。
2. She said the demonstration begins at 8 o’clock, didn’t she?
她说表演于8点开始，对吧?
3. Linda took night classes for ten years and eventually got her degree.
琳达读了十年晚间课程，终于拿到了学位。
4. Automobile pollution is a far greater problem than industrial waste.
汽车污染是一个比工业废物严重得多的问题。
5. I’m used to getting up early.
我习惯于早起。
6. Mary said she wanted to live by herself.
马利说她想独自生活。
7. Red lettering on signs is much more noticeable than blue.
招牌上使用红色字体比蓝色更加醒目。
8. He stood up for what he thought was right.
他坚持他认为是正确的事。(stand up for：坚持，维持。)
9. I’d like to skip the meeting, but I can’t just not go.
我想逃过这次会议，但我又不能就这样不去。
10. I couldn’t get David to tell me where he is going on vacation.
我无法让戴维告诉我他假期去哪儿。
11. The radio is too loud only for Ben.
只有本觉得收音机太响。
12. Let’s leave the car at home and walk into town for a change.
我们把汽车放在家里走着进城吧。(for a change：换个花样，换个口味。)
13. Cavin raced through the station, afraid he’d miss the train.
凯文飞速跑入火车站，担心会耽误了火车。
14. If we hadn’t made a wrong turn, we’d been on time.
如果不是我们转错了弯的话，我们会准时的。
15. Better than half the class was absent.
一半多的学生缺席了。
16. People from the television station have requested that viewers send in their suggestions.
电视台的人要求观众寄来他们的建议。
17. Although John will never believe it, I did try to return his telephone call.
尽管约翰永远不会相信，我的确给他回了电话。
18. Lunch wasn’t at all appealing today.
今天的午饭一点也引不起食欲。
19. Robert tends to keep his opinions to himself.
罗伯特一向保留自己的意见。
20. Let’s all try to keep quiet.
咱们都尽量小点声。
篇7：GRE阅读备考这3件事都做到再谈高分
GRE阅读备考这3件事都做到再谈高分
GRE阅读备考必练：读懂文章大意
文章结构是做GRE阅读理解题整体思路的关键。掌握了文章结构就知道文章大体的行文脉络，文章的大体意思也差不多了。文章的结构类型以及标志词，以及文章结构类型和主旨题之间的关系，仔细分析一道主旨题的正确答案是怎么阐述原文篇章主旨和结构的，其实这个正确答案就是文章的中心句的改写形式，最重要的就是找出原文中的中心句，这是帮助读者更深刻地理解原文结构的有效办法。
GRE阅读备考必练：熟悉常考题型
俗化说，知己知彼，百战百胜。要想迅速攻克新GRE阅读难关，就要了解出题者的思维。根据题目反推原文考点，题目都考了原文哪些内容，自己有没有关注到这些内容并做标记，这些内容都有什么可总结的规律、特征词。这样总结非常重要，如果坚持下去，很短一段时间后，就会发现一些固定的原文出题点，日后再读原文的时候也就会自然而然地关注它们了。
GRE阅读备考必练：总结分析错题
分析错题，做错的题一定不能放过，看它们与正确答案之间的差别在哪里，在分析错题的同时更要关注正确答案与原文定位处的叙述之间的改写关系，尤其是词与词的对应关系。当然除了这三点外还有很多可以总结的，比如词汇、难句等，总结是提高的关键，特别是在GRE考试的阅读中，只有多总结，从总结中不段进步，不段提高，这样我们的阅读水平才会得到提高。
GRE阅读就是实实在在的“读英文”能力，所以认清了GRE阅读的本质后，紧抓重点，解决方法也就应运而生。
GRE阅读练习每日一篇
(This passage is excerpted from an article that was published in 1981.)
The deep sea typically has a sparse fauna dominated by tiny worms and crustaceans, with an even sparser distribution of larger animals. However, near hydrothermal (hydrothermal: adj.热水的, 热液的) vents, areas of the ocean where warm water emerges from subterranean sources, live remarkable densities of huge clams, blind crabs, and fish.
Most deep-sea faunas rely for food on particulate matter (particulate matter: 颗粒物质), ultimately derived from photosynthesis, falling from above. The food supplies necessary to sustain the large vent communities, however, must be many times the ordinary fallout. The first reports describing vent faunas proposed two possible sources of nutrition: bacterial chemosynthesis, production of food by bacteria using energy derived from chemical changes, and advection, the drifting of food materials from surrounding regions. Later, evidence in support of the idea of intense local chemosynthesis was accumulated: hydrogen sulfide was found in vent water; many vent-site bacteria were found to be capable of chemosynthesis; and extremely large concentrations of bacteria were found in samples of vent water thought to be pure. This final observation seemed decisive. If such astonishing concentrations of bacteria were typical of vent outflow, then food within the vent would dwarf any contribution from advection. Hence, the widely quoted conclusion was reached that bacterial chemosynthesis provides the foundation for hydrothermal-vent food chains—an exciting prospect because no other communities on Earth are independent of photosynthesis.
There are, however, certain difficulties with this interpretation. For example, some of the large sedentary organisms associated with vents are also found at ordinary deep-sea temperatures many meters from the nearest hydrothermal sources. This suggests that bacterial chemosynthesis is not a sufficient source of nutrition for these creatures. Another difficulty is that similarly dense populations of large deep-sea animals have been found in the proximity of “smokers”—vents where water emerges at temperatures up to 350℃. No bacteria can survive such heat, and no bacteria were found there. Unless smokers are consistently located near more hospitable warm-water vents, chemosynthesis can account for only a fraction of the vent faunas. It is conceivable, however, that these large, sedentary organisms do in fact feed on bacteria that grow in warm-water vents, rise in the vent water, and then rain in (rain in: 涌进, 纷纷而至) peripheral areas to nourish animals living some distance from the warm-water vents.
Nonetheless advection is a more likely alternative food source. Research has demonstrated that advective flow, which originates near the surface of the ocean where suspended particulate matter accumulates, transports some of that matter and water to the vents. Estimates suggest that for every cubic meter of vent discharge, 350 milligrams of particulate organic material would be advected into the vent area. Thus, for an average-sized vent, advection could provide more than 30 kilograms of potential food per day. In addition, it is likely that small live animals in the advected water might be killed or stunned by thermal and/or chemical shock, thereby contributing to the food supply of vents.
16. The passage provides information for answering which of the following questions?
(A) What causes warm-water vents to form?
(B) Do vent faunas consume more than do deep-sea faunas of similar size?
(C) Do bacteria live in the vent water of smokers?
(D) What role does hydrogen sulfide (hydrogen sulfide: 氢化硫) play in chemosynthesis?
(E) What accounts for the locations of deep-sea smokers?
17. The information in the passage suggests that the majority of deep-sea faunas that live in nonvent habitats have which of the following characteristics?
(A) They do not normally feed on particles of food in the water.
(B) They are smaller than many vent faunas.
(C) They are predators.
(D) They derive nutrition from a chemosynthetic food source.
(E) They congregate around a single main food source.
18. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) describe a previously unknown natural phenomenon
(B) reconstruct the evolution of a natural phenomenon
(C) establish unequivocally the accuracy of a hypothesis
(D) survey explanations for a natural phenomenon and determine which is best supported by evidence
(E) entertain (to receive and take into consideration “refused to entertain our plea”) criticism of the author’s research and provide an effective response
19. Which of the following does the author cite as a weakness in the argument that bacterial chemosynthesis provides the foundation for the food chains at deep-sea vents?
(A) Vents are colonized by some of the same animals found in other areas of the ocean floor.
(B) Vent water does not contain sufficient quantities of hydrogen sulfide.
(C) Bacteria cannot produce large quantities of food quickly enough.
(D) Large concentrations of minerals are found in vent water.
(E) Some bacteria found in the vents are incapable of chemosynthesis.
20. Which of the following is information supplied in the passage that would support the statement that the food supplies necessary to sustain vent communities must be many times that of ordinary fallout?
I. Large vent faunas move from vent to vent in search of food.
II. Vent faunas are not able to consume food produced by photosynthesis.
III. Vents are more densely populated than are other deep-sea areas.
(A) I only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
21. The author refers to “smokers” (line 38) most probably in order to
(A) show how thermal shock can provide food for some vent faunas by stunning small animals
(B) prove that the habitat of most deep-sea animals is limited to warm-water vents
(C) explain how bacteria carry out chemosynthesis
(D) demonstrate how advection compensates for the lack of food sources on the seafloor
(E) present evidence that bacterial chemosynthesis may be an inadequate source of food for some vent faunas
22. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the particulate matter that is carried down from the surface of the ocean?
(A) It is the basis of bacterial chemosynthesis in the vents.
(B) It may provide an important source of nutrition for vent faunas.
(C) It may cause the internal temperature of the vents to change significantly.
(D) It is transported as large aggregates of particles.
(E) It contains hydrogen sulfide.
Throughout human history there have been many stringent taboos concerning watching other people eat or eating in the presence of (in the presence of: adv.在面前) others. There have been attempts to explain these taboos in terms of inappropriate social relationships either between those who are involved and those who are not simultaneously involved in the satisfaction of a bodily need, or between those already satiated and those who appear to be shamelessly gorging. Undoubtedly such elements exist in the taboos, but there is an additional element with a much more fundamental importance. In prehistoric times, when food was so precious and the on-lookers so hungry, not to offer half of the little food one had was unthinkable, since every glance was a plea for life. Further, during those times, people existed in nuclear or extended family (extended family: 大家庭,扩大的家庭(如数代同堂的家庭)) groups, and the sharing of food was quite literally supporting one’s family or, by extension, preserving one’s self.
23. If the argument in the passage is valid, taboos against eating in the presence of others who are not also eating would be LEAST likely in a society that
(A) had always had a plentiful supply of food
(B) emphasized the need to share worldly goods
(C) had a nomadic rather than an agricultural way of life
(D) emphasized the value of privacy
(E) discouraged overindulgence
24. The author’s hypothesis concerning the origin of taboos against watching other people eat emphasizes the
(A) general palatability of food
(B) religious significance of food
(C) limited availability of food
(D) various sources of food
(E) nutritional value of food
25. According to the passage, the author believes that past attempts to explain some taboos concerning eating are
(A) unimaginative
(B) implausible
(C) inelegant
(D) incomplete
(E) unclear
26. In developing the main idea of the passage, the author does which of the following?
(A) Downplays earlier attempts to explain the origins of a social prohibition.
(B) Adapts a scientific theory and applies it to a spiritual relationship.
(C) Simplifies a complex biological phenomenon by explaining it in terms of social needs.
(D) Reorganizes a system designed to guide personal behavior.
(E) Codifies earlier, unsystematized conjectures about family life.
答案：16-26：CBDABEBACDA
篇8：细数托福备考冲刺100+高分必须要做好的3件事
【提升攻略】细数托福备考冲刺100+高分必须要做好的3件事
托福备考需要完整细致的学习计划
托福备考中能够保证高分的基础就在于一个有条理有细节的合理备考计划。学习计划大家应该都会有，但够不够全面细节安排是否到位可能就有待商榷了。很多同学的备考计划其实可能只有明天学什么明天学什么，或者是这个礼拜要做什么这个月要怎么练这类只有目标没有具体实施安排的粗略计划。而想要获得托福高分靠着这种计划是行不通的。小编认为考生的备考计划需要有明确的规划目标，无论短期还是长期都要有，比如这个月具体需要做到哪些事情，这个礼拜要练好什么题型等等。另外备考计划还需要添加充分的细节，比如每天学习大概花多少小时做哪些题目，或是需要练习几篇作文背几个LIST的词汇等等。备考计划的细节越是丰富，考生执行这些计划才能更有目标性，达成目标以后也会更有成就感，这样的备考计划才能够帮助大家通过较为长期的备考最终收获一份满意的成果。
托福备考需要学应试技巧
托福考试虽然考察的是大家的英语语言能力，但说到底毕竟还是一门考试，而既然是考试那就一定有应对的技巧。托福考试的备考过程中，考生主要花时间掌握和提升的其实就是这些应试技巧。应试技巧种类很多，有些是为了帮助大家在限时内做完题目的技巧，比如阅读提速或者快速解答时某些难题;有些则是让考生能够更好发挥出自身实力的临场技巧，比如面对难题的猜题还有保持整体答题节奏以及随时调整心理状态等等;还有一些则是针对不同考试科目具体题型的快速解题且能够保证正确率的技巧。无论是哪方面的技巧，考生都需要在托福备考中通过各种训练方式来学习和熟练，并在考试中把这些技巧灵活运用出来。因此，大家在备考过程中，对于技巧的学习才是备考的重点所在。
考前阶段一定要做好充分准备
可能大家都知道，备考中积累的实力只是考生能够获得理想成绩的一个重要因素，而考生能否发挥出这些实力则需要看大家的考场实战发挥也就是临场表现。很多同学备考做了很多时间准备也比较到位，但到了考场上因为各种原因没能发挥出实力，本来能做对的题目都做错，这样也是无法获得高分的。因此，小编认为考生需要提前积累足够的实战经验，而这部分的工作就需要大家在考试临近的考前阶段来做好了。具体的包括一些考场上的应试经验，应对各种考场突发状况和外界干扰的策略措施，还有考前前往考场熟悉交通线路踩点确保能够准时到场的种.种准备等等。考生只有在考前事无巨细地做足功课，才能保证考场上万无一失的顺利发挥，而能够做好这些考前准备的同学，距离托福高分也就不会远了。
总而言之，托福考试的备考过程中虽然看似大家要做的事情千头万绪，但考生需要关注的大方向其实并不算多，大家如果能够做好本文中提到的这三件事，那么冲刺托福高分100+其实也并不会太难，最后小编祝大家托福备考顺利，考试成功拿下满意分数。
托福写作模板:同事品质
托福写作模板及范文参考：
We all work or will work in our jobs with many different kinds of people. In your opinion， what are some important characteristics of a co-worker (someone you work closely with)? Use reasons and specific examples to explain why these characteristics are important.
托福写作范文参考：
We spend more time with our co-workers during a week than we do with our family. Thus， it's important for our co-workers to be people we can get along with. I've worked in a lot of offices， and I've found there are certain characteristics that all good co-workers have in common.
A good co-worker is very cooperative. She does her best to get along with others. She tries to keep her end of things flowing smoothly to help others in the office. She realizes that if one person doesn't get her work done， it can hold up everyone else. She has a positive attitude that creates a pleasant working environment.
A good co-worker is adaptable. She is not stubborn about changes in schedules or routines， and doesn't object to having her job description revised. That can make life miserable for everyone around her. A good co-worker is willing to change her schedule to accommodate another worker's emergency. She has no problem with new procedures and welcomes changes when they come.
A good co-worker is helpful. She pitches in when someone falls behind in his or her work. She's willing to do whatever it takes to get the job done. She doesn't keep track of how often she has to finish another's work or take on extra work. Some co-workers do their own job， period. They have no sense of office community. They only want to do their work， get paid and go home.
A good co-worker is a sympathetic listener， and never uses what she learns against people. She doesn't gossip. A bad co-worker uses negative rumors to take advantage of others. Being a good co-worker isn't too hard， but some people just can't seem to manage it. Wouldn't it be a wonderful world if everyone could?
托福写作模板:睡眠革命
Evolution of sleep
Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic sense we share it with all the primates and almost all the other mammals and birds: it may extend back as far as the reptiles.
There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on the life-style of the animal, and that predators are statistically much more likely to dream than prey, which are in turn much more likely to experience dreamless sleep. In dream sleep, the animal is powerfully immobilized and remarkably unresponsive to external stimuli. Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we have all witnessed cats or dogs cocking their ears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare among pray today seems clearly to be a product of natural selection, and it makes sense that today, when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleep than the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of such deep immobilization ever have evolved?
Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in genera seem to sleep very little. There is, by and large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rather than increasing an animal’s vulnerability, the University of Florida and Ray Meddis of London University have suggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals who are too stupid to be quite on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobilized by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularly clear for the young of predatory animals. This is an interesting notion and probably at least partly true.
托福写作模板:学习问题
托福写作模板及范文参考：
Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay.
托福写作范文参考：
Most of us can learn how to do something simple on our own with just a set of instructions. However， to learn about something more complex， it's always best to have a teacher. Teachers bring with them varied and useful backgrounds. They've been trained to teach individuals in different ways depending on their style.
For instance， some students learn better by discussing a topic. Others learn more by writing about it. Teachers can help students learn in the way that's best for each student. A textbook or a manual can only give you one way of learning something. Plus they're only as helpful as your ability to understand them. A good teacher can adapt her teaching to your needs.
Teachers help you focus on what you're learning. If you're learning something by yourself， it's easy to become distracted and go on to other activities. Teachers keep your attention on the subject. They also approach a subject logically， taking it one step at a time. On your own， it's tempting to skip parts of the learning process you think you don't need. That can hinder your ability to really understand the subject.
Learning a subject on your own is a very narrow way of learning. You can only use the information you get from the textbook. With a teacher， you get the information in the written materials as well as the teacher's own knowledge of the topic. Teachers can also provide extra materials to broaden the scope of what you're learning.
There's nothing wrong with studying on your own， and a learner can always benefit from some quiet study. For the best possible learning， though， a good teacher is the biggest help you can have.
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