以下是小编收集整理的详解托福阅读的3个基本解题步骤，本文共5篇，希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1：详解托福阅读的3个基本解题步骤
详解托福阅读的3个基本解题步骤
如何运用托福阅读的三个基本解题步骤?当大家了解了做题的三个基本步骤以后，我们来实践操作一个题目，大家做这道题的时候一定明白，它不要求一个学生去读完整段文字所有的词和所有的信息，你只需要正确地扫描和定位就可以了。比如说大家看当年出现的托福考试题目，在做题之前，我们还可以把这个做题步骤更有效地去过一遍：第一个步骤应该是找，找定位词，找定位词在文章中第一次出现的位置;第二步是读，读懂定位词存在这句话;第三步应该是选。
按照找、读、选这样的做题步骤，这道题目是这么说的“According to paragraph 4, compared with all other states that use Ogallala water for irrigation, Texas”。这个问题拿到手以后，它是一个标准的事实信息题，问的是关于第四段当中的一个具体内容，大家第一步应该读懂的是关于这个问题到底在问什么，首先你们请看，根据第四段，比起来所有其他那些使用Ogallala的水来灌溉的洲，请问，德州是什么情况?大家必须要明白，句子中“compared with all other states that use Ogallala water for irrigation”它只是作为状语成分出现，而问题真正问的是关于德州。既然问题问德州，我们需要去寻找扫描定位德州存在的句子，这个时候可见读懂问题是非常重要的，大家想，如果我们现在定位的不是“Texas”，而是“irrigation”灌溉，或者是“Ogallala”，或者是其他的词，你就没有办法找到能够回答这个问题的句子。
所以如果已经确定德州的话，在一段文字当中，千万不要去读每个词和每个句子，这样的弊端应该大家能够想得到，那就是：第一个，浪费了很多时间;第二个，信息量非常大，导致我们没有时间去完成所有的题目。所以对于托福阅读考试而言，一定要扫描定位，在一段非常长的文字当中快速地从段首开始扫描定位，然后找到德州所存在的句子。扫描这件事情，大家经过训练，就可以非常熟练。
那么，第一次当你找到德州这个词出现的位置，意味着这个词之前的所有的这些句子成分，在文章中都从来没有提到过德州这个词。而真正能够回答这个问题的，也就是德州出现的位置。按照《官方指南》说明，我们只需要去快速读懂这句话，而且后面的信息在一般情况下也不需要去读，答案通常出现在一句或者两句话当中。所以大家在读完这句话之后，快速去验证选项找一个同义替换。
最后我们再帮大家整体地梳理一遍做题步骤。首先拿到一道事实信息题，读问题，问题在问什么找什么，问题定位词应该是“Texas”，所以需要从段首扫描定位，去找到“Texas”这个词第一次出现的位置，然后阅读这个句子。在读完之后，抓住它的准确含义，从选项当中去验证一个正确选项，这就是我们要跟大家说的关于考试阅读整个的做题步骤。而这道题，也是在托福阅读的十种题型当中，出现频率最高，占据分数最大的一个题目。
其它托福阅读题目大家也依然可以按照这样的方式，仔细研读关于《官方指南》中对题目的说明。其实不仅是阅读这个部分，听力、口语、写作也需要大家去更好地去了解托福考试的要求、原理是怎样的，然后更高效、不走弯路地备考。最后，我们希望大家能够真正地循序渐进地准备托福考试，厚积薄发，最终取得好成绩。最后，祝大家在托福考试顺利。
托福阅读材料：Whale fossil stuck in Egypt customs wrangle
Its name in Arabic is Wadi Hitan but it is known as the Valley of the Whales.
For years palaeontologists have been unearthing a remarkable collection of whale fossils, all the more surprising because the area is now inland desert in upper Egypt.
It is believed that about 40 million years ago the area was submerged in water, part of the Tethys Sea. As the sea retreated north to the Mediterranean it left a series of unique rock formations and also a cornucopia of fossils.
One of the most exceptional finds was a 37 million-year-old whale from the species Basilosaurus isis, unearthed by a team led by Prof Philip Gingerich of the University of Michigan in the United States.
But now it has become the subject of a bizarre customs wrangle at Cairo airport.
Prof Gingerich explained that this was the only complete specimen from this species of whale.
It provides evidence of how whales evolved from being land-based creatures to go back into the sea - a reverse of the usual evolutionary process.
Basilosaurus isis retained tiny feet, a useless reminder of its evolution from land animal to sea-dweller.
The limbs are human sized, even though the creature is 15m-16m long.
For the past two years Prof Gingerich and his team have been painstakingly reassembling the skeleton back in Michigan. It is now being returned to Egypt for a new museum, planned for the Valley of the Whales.
But according to the Egyptian media the whale skeleton is stuck at Cairo airport.
Customs agents are demanding a $40,000 fee.
It is not clear how they came to that figure as prehistoric fossils have no agreed market value.
In any case the Egyptian authorities who are importing the fossil are refusing to pay.
A senior official from the ministry of tourism has warned that the issue needs to be resolved speedily, otherwise it could cause a “big scandal” for Egypt, he said.
Prof Gingerich joked that it had taken two-and-a-half years to be allowed to export the fossil to the United States, and it could take another two-and-a-half years to get it back.
托福阅读材料汇总：Will Satellites and Supercomputers Improve Bird Watching?
Add space satellites and supercomputers to the list of birdwatching tools.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Cornell University's Lab of Ornithology are combining those high-tech tools with a database of bird sightings contributed by birdwatchers to learn how climate change is affecting bird movement in the United States.
“The approach we're taking here is we're trying to bring together as much environmental data as we can to try to understand what influences the bird migration,” said Bob Cook, a distinguished research scientist at ORNL involved with the effort. “We're trying to address a really important question with regard to climate change: How might climate change influence the migration patterns of birds?”
That includes information about rainfall, temperature and snow cover, as well as the start of spring greening and the composition of land cover -- forested, urbanized or grassland, for example.
The land cover information is drawn from a NASA satellite sensor, MODIS -- that's short for “Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer”. Bird sightings are taken from an online database run by Cornell and the National Audubon Society. Launched in , E-bird allows “citizen scientists” to submit detailed reports via an Internet checklist.
Combining and analyzing all that data will require computing might provided by TeraGrid, a National Science Foundation-administered network of supercomputers.
Steve Kelling, director of information science at Cornell's ornithology lab, said the new project will allow scientists to link bird sightings to climate conditions.
Via the seven-year-old E-bird database -- which accepts observations recorded a century ago, as well as present-day bird sightings -- “we have really good information on the location where observations were made,” Kelling said. “We can link those with other kinds of environmental observations, like land cover, type of climate, temperature, elevation and human demographic information.”
Adding in the MODIS satellite data provides information about when spring greening begins and when fall starts, he said, two things that seem to be important environmental cues for bird migration.
Potential for a fatal mismatch
Eventually, the scientists would like to develop models that can forecast how future climate shifts might affect bird populations.
“We'd like to be able to shift the greening index to occur two weeks earlier or two weeks later and see if that influences the model's predictions of when birds will arrive at certain latitudes,” Kelling said.
Climate change could produce a mismatch between a bird species' cue to migrate or nest and the availability of food, he noted, a phenomenon that's been observed with some species in Europe. For example, if the American Robin miscalculates spring and arrives before the insects it eats are ready, the birds could starve.
Several recent reports -- including two by the Interior Department and one from the National Audubon Society -- have found evidence that climate change is already altering bird habitat and migration patterns in the United States. Kelling said the advantage of the new project is harnessing the power of E-bird.
It's the only dataset that gives information about patterns of bird movement throughout the year, he said, noting that many other studies have relied on data collected through the Audubon's annual Christmas Bird Count or similar events.
In contrast, birders submitted 11 million individual bird sightings to E-bird between January 1 and July 31 of this year.
“It's just an immense amount of information,” said Cook, whose work on the bird project is a proof of concept for a larger effort he's helping to direct, the Data Observation Network for Earth.
The five-year, NSF-funded program aims to help research scientists find new ways to visualize and explore large amounts of information.
篇2：托福阅读没思路总出错3个基本解题原则你要知道
托福阅读没思路总出错?这3个基本解题原则你要知道
托福阅读解题基本原则：上下文原则
所谓的上下文原则指的是，在做题的过程中，根据题干的关键词定位，定位到原文的某个句子之后，还需要根据句子的上下文进行理解，有些题目只根据一句话是无法找出正确答案的，这一点需要考试特别注意。例如：TPO7-2 Ancient Rome and Greece , intellectual Romans such as Horace held which of the following opinions about their civilization?从题干的According to paragraph 4和Horace可以把答案定位到第4段最后一句，这句话一开始就有个such，所以应该联系上文，因为上文才是Horace的观点，前面不停说希腊是原创者，罗马只是跟着学，所以罗马没什么有价值的东西。因此考生要特别注意这一点。
托福阅读解题基本原则：选项和原文一致原则
所谓的选项和原文一致原则就是正确选项一定是原文内容的同义改写，大家不要主观臆造，才能保证正确率。还有一种常见的现象是学生做完题之后，再次进行检查的时候会改答案，建议考生一定要相信自己的第一感觉，不是百分百确定，一般不要改答案。还有一点需要大家注意那就是根据原文选择选项时，不要过多推断，因为美国人都是线性思维，相信自己的第一感觉。总的来说，托福阅读要理解选项和原文之间的关系，提高阅读的正确率。
托福阅读解题基本原则：开头结尾原则
在托福阅读中，所谓的开头结尾原则跟听力中的开头结尾原则是有些不一样的。在听力中的开头原则指的是整篇文章的开头和结尾，但是在托福阅读中正篇文章的开头结尾固然重要，但是每个段落的开头结尾也是很重要的。每个段落的第一句话是段落主题，段落的最后一句话段落总结，都是我们抓住关键信息的重要位置。
托福阅读素材：4G是否在逐渐变慢
The new 4G mobile phone services in the UK are not as super-fast as the industry promised - and could get worse.
在英国，新的4G移动服务达不到运营商所承诺的超高速度，而且速度可能还会变慢。
The mobile phone companies boasted that 4G services would be ‘five times faster’ than the existing 3G networks when they launched in the autumn of .
当移动运营商在秋季开通4G服务时，它们宣称4G服务的速度将比现有3G网络快5倍。
However, a new official study puts the real figure at an average of 2.5 times faster - 14.7 megabits per second compared to 5.9Mbit/s per second on the 3G service that most people use.
然而，一份新的官方研究表明，真实的数字是4G速度仅比3G平均快2.5倍——也就是4G速度是14.79Mbit/s，大多数人使用的3G网络的速度是5.9Mbit/s。
At the same time, the evidence suggests that 4G services are likely to slow down as more people connect to them.
同时，有证据表明，当更多的人接入网络时，4G服务有可能变得更慢。
4G technology is being promoted by the big mobile networks on the basis it offers high speed internet access and smooth video streaming without annoying buffering.
基于能够提供高速的网络接入和流畅的视频流媒体服务并避免烦人的缓冲等优势，4G技术得以在大型移动网络中得到应用。
More than 10 million people have been won over by the promises and have signed two year contracts costing an average of £20 ($30) a month.
超过一千万人被这一承诺所打动，他们签定了平均每月消费20英镑的合约。
When 4G services launched at the end of 2012, the average download speed was up at around 19 Mbit/s, however the new research suggests an average of 14.7 and other studies put it as low as 10.
当4G服务在20年底刚开通时，平均下载速度可达19Mbit/s。新的研究表明现在这一数字仅为14.7Mbit/s，甚至有研究认为只有10Mbit/s。
This has happened because more people are using the service, effectively causing jams on the airwaves. The only way this can be countered is if the networks spend millions upgrading masts and installing new ones.
这是因为越来越多的人开始使用4G，导致了无线网络的拥堵。而唯一的解决办法是由运营商投入大量资金对基站进行升级并且增加基站数量。
Vocabulary：
buffering 缓冲
托福阅读：“纯素食主义”的风险
近几年，素食主义悄然流行，越来越多的人加入了素食者的行列。不过，近日发布在自然母亲网络的一篇文章指出，纯素食也有潜在的健康风险，比如，纯素食者患肠癌的几率更高、骨矿物密度偏低，以及更容易缺乏维生素B12等等。营养专家表示，加入纯素食者行列意味着你要花更多的时间来规划饮食结构以保证各类营养摄入均衡。如果没有精力和时间详细规划，营养专家建议不妨做一个“弹性素食者”，即大部分时间吃素，偶尔吃点肉补充动物蛋白。
Thinking of giving up meat from your diet? The potential health benefits of a green diet are well established, but a story by the Mother Nature Network (MNN) says there are also some potential side effects and health risks associated with a vegetarian lifestyle.
Could low cholesterol kill you? A study by the Honolulu Heart Program found that elderly people with a “low cholesterol concentration” had a “significant association with mortality.” In addition, a review published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that while vegetarians have an overall lower rate of cancer compared with meat eaters, vegetarians do have a 39 percent higher rate of colorectal cancer.
Other health concerns associated with vegetarianism cited by MNN included lower bone mineral density and lower levels of vitamin B12. However, the publishers of the bone density study said the “magnitude of the association is clinically insignificant,” at just around 5 percent.
Going vegetarian appears to have gained popularity in recent years. A recent Yahoo Sports article even examined the diet of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) fighter Jake Shields. Though much of the media's focus has been on a worldwide trend toward bigger diets, whether that's Pizza Hut offering strange fast food mashups or yet another customer at the Heart Attack Grill proving that there is truth in advertising.
The lesson in these potential risk-factors seems to be that if you're going to become a vegan or vegetarian, you'll need to spend more time planning your nutritional choices to help ensure a balanced intake of vitamins and other nutrients. Though if you don't have the time or inclination for such efforts, there may be another option. University of Idaho nutritionist Katie Minor says that a “flexitarian” diet may be a viable third way.
“Flexitarians are people who are vegetarian most of the time, but once in a while will consume an animal protein,” Minor told MNN. “The more restrictive you are with your diet, the more you'll have to closely monitor what you're consuming and the more likely your need will be to supplement. Work with a registered dietician to make sure you're not at risk for dietary deficiencies.”
篇3：托福阅读做题步骤详解
托福阅读做题一般分为两个步骤：
第一步：花两三分钟时间扫描每篇文章头一两个句子，定位文章难易程度。虽然平均每篇文章做题时间为11分钟，答案是有的文章需要15分钟左右。一般来说，5篇文章中有两篇难度较大，比方说，如果最后一篇文章难度较大，且有12～14道题，在这种情况下，按部就班做题就有可能因时间不够而做错好多道题，带来巨大的损失。因此首先定位文章难易程度，同时目测文章的含金量(既题量分布)，有助于科学分配阅读部分的做题时间。
第二步：采取“结构扫描”法分配阅读具体一篇文章。所谓结构，既文章的骨架。TOEFL文章是纯学术体Acasemic,是北美国际留学生在大学里天天都能接触到的教科书风格的文章，这些文章涉及人文社科和自然段组成，正确的阅读文章的方法应该是把文章受句先吃透，文章首句经常为文章主题。然后把首段的其他句子尽快略读，文章其他段落采取同样的方法阅读。各段落其他句子一般来说都是用来说明各个段落的主题句，没有必要每个句子都彻底看个明白。有时候，段落中个别句子理解难度大，而不涉及考题，在此句停留无疑是白百浪费时间。所以，采取“结构扫描”法，意味着以最快捷的方式了解文章大从而正确引导下一步做具体的题，而不至于出现大方向的理解错误。
篇4：托福阅读做题步骤详解
1 前5套不计时做题，后面题都要严格按照20分钟一篇文章的限制来做题。
2 做题过程中不查词典。
3 做题后对照正确答案检查自己的答案。
4 检查自己错的题为什么错。不外乎如下几个原因：1)单词不认识或者认错了;2)语法点不懂;3)理解错了做完之后要有针对性的，把这些问题解决掉。
单词要背，语法点要去找单词书研究透。理解错的要比较后面给出的中文翻译，去思考自己哪个知识点学得不够扎实，因此弄错了，要把这个知识点解决掉。
5 正确的题也要去理顺一下这些题的做题思路，方便以后快速的做题。
6 每做完4套题，就要把所有错的题横向比较一下，这是你马上就会发现某些题型经常错，这个时候只有把这个题型好好研究一下，以后做题才回来感。
7 如果每篇文章错的题的数目超过6个，则强烈建议多练习一下文章翻译，同时要比照后面给出的中文翻译来进行对照，分析自己哪里翻译错了，以及为什么翻译错了。
托福阅读成绩不稳定因素分析
如果你一直都是错2-3个，然后突然一篇文章错7-8个，那是你状态不好，其实你是很幸福的，只是偶尔喝凉水塞一下牙，别介意。
如果看到这里，你仍然确定自己的托福阅读成绩不是喝凉水塞牙，同时也不是回光返照的话，那么你就应该读完这篇文章了。
因此，当我们排除了这两点之后，我们很容易就会得到我们的结论，那就是我们的托福阅读词汇量有问题!你单词的基础一定是不扎实的，否则也不会成绩有很大的波动。换句话说，哪怕你的语法再牛，当都是一堆不认识的单词的时候，这个题也没什么可做的，只有一个结果，就是错错错!
那怎么解决呢?是要把能看到的单词书都背了么?其实也不用，如果你真的能30%-50%都能错3-4个的时候，其实你的最基础的4级单词也是不用背的，只需要背托福单词和镇魂单词，完全就够了。
当然这里还有一个很多考友都会提出的问题，就是到底用不用背专业词汇。说实话，这有点不太好衡量，不太好衡量的核心就是在于，这些词汇到底要专业到什么程度。其实对专业词汇来说，比如说地壳、板块、钙、原子、脊椎、动物这样的词，这都是托福考试的常考词汇了，其实在绝大多数托福单词书里都该收录的。
其实在托福阅读试题里面，考察的重点在于3个层面，第一是单词，第二是语法，第三是综合的细致性的理解。这里很显然，在后面两个层面，也就是语法和综合理解，其实人的波动是很小的，换句话说，也就是在不同的文章之间语法和综合理解的侧重点变化不大，同时人的能力也是变化不大的，相应的，对分数的影响也是很小的。
但是如果更深入一些的托福阅读词汇，比如说三磷酸腺苷，大黄蜂这样的词汇则是没有必要背的，因为哪怕在考试中出现，也不会当作一个重要的内容进行考察。因为托福考试毕竟是一个语言考试，又不是一个专业课考试。但是如果你仍然觉得想补一下专业词汇的话，可以去背这个专业分类词汇，这都是筛选好了的词汇。词汇的提升没我们想的那么慢，托福阅读成绩，很多时候其实也没我们想的那么急。
篇5：托福阅读做题步骤详解
文章大致看完之后，才能开始做题。做题时，应牢记以下几点：
① 每篇文章的题目基本上根据文章布局一步一步向前推进，即使有个别题打乱文章布局，在题干里总是有提供信息的关键词将考生带入文章的具体部位。
② 做题时，根据题干或选项的关键词回归文章寻找重现关键词或其释义的语言区域，透彻理解，同时排除相应的选项。
③ 解题遇到难句时，最直接有效的方法就是对其进行句子结构分析，迅速把握整个句子的意思，不要盯着单个词不放，不然就会因小失大。
④ 每个问题的四个选项或者是对文章中相关部分的正确释义，或者是歪曲原文，或者与原文毫不相关。换句话说，命题专家在设置试题时会玩一些文字游戏，用各种表达形式让考生昏头转向，雾里看花。考生应该明白自己的职责是辨别真伪，找到 符合文章意思和题意的选项。换句话说，考生在答题时不能有参与意识，有些考生做错题就是因为带上了自己的偏见，以次我们要时刻牢记一点：答案永远是根据文章内容答题，应该排除文章以外的任何干扰因素。读者毕竟不是作者。
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