【导语】下面就是小编给大家带来的动词不定式精讲精练（共5篇），希望能帮助到大家!
篇1：动词不定式精讲精练
不定式
不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”，不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。
1.不定式短语
不定式+宾语词组げ褂锎首楠じ贝蚀首=不定式短语
下列均为不定式短语：
to pretend not to see me(假装没有看见我)
to become a teacher(当老师)
to study hard(努力读书)
2.不定式逻辑上的主语
1)、不表明其为不定式逻辑上的主语的情况：
(1)主要动词的主语即不定式逻辑上的主语时。
I want to go hunting with you.(我想和你一块儿去打猎)
→I是主要动词want的主语，也是不定式to go逻辑上的主语。
I asked to speak to the manager.(我要求与经理谈话)
→I 是主要动词asked的主语，也是不定式to speak逻辑上的主语。
(2)主要动词的宾语即不定式逻辑上的主语时。
I will get someone to carry your baggage.(我将叫人搬运你的行李)
→主要动词的宾语someone，做不定式to carry逻辑上的主语。
The doctor advised me not to drink too much.(医生劝我不要喝太多酒)
→主要动词的宾语me，做不定式to drink逻辑上的主语。
(3)由句子前后关系可知不定式之逻辑上的主语时。
I found that to talk with him was a waste of time.(我发现和他说话是浪费时间)
→由句子前后的关系可知I是不定式to talk逻辑上的主语。
He found that to leave the house unobserved was easy.
他发觉让房子空着，没有人看守是容易的
→由句子前后的关系可知He是不定式to leave逻辑上的主语。
(4)在一些谚语、格言或一般众所周知的事。
To err is human, to forgive is divine.(犯错是人，宽恕是神)
It is better to give than to receive.(施比受更是福)
It is wrong to tell a lie.(说谎话是错误的)
2)、表明其为不定式逻辑上的主语时，用下列表示方式：
(1)for+宾语(逻辑上的主语)+不定式
It is difficult for you to read this book.(你要读这本书是困难的)
=For you to read this book is difficult.
It’s bad for him to live alone.(他独自生活是不好的。)
It is impossible for her to give up drinking.(要她戒酒是不可能的。)
When will it be convenient for me to call?(我何时去拜访方便呢？)
(2)It is +形容词+of+宾语(逻辑上的主语)+不定式(对of后的宾语称赞或责备时，用此句型)
It is silly of you to say so.(你这样说实在太傻了。)
=You are silly to say so.
It is unwise of you to live alone.(你很愚蠢要独自生活。)
It was bold of her to row up the river.(她很大胆敢向上游划船。)
It is very kind of you to do so.(承蒙你这样做，实在太好。)
(3)for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
3、不定式逻辑上的主语之省略：
不定式逻辑上的主语泛指一般人，或一般事物时，逻辑上的主语可省略或表明。It is important to work hard.(努力是重要的。)
→不定式to work hard逻辑上的主语应是anyone，所以若要将逻辑上的主语表明即为：
It is important for anyone to work hard.
It is time to go to school.(是上学的时间了。)
→不定式to go 逻辑上的主语是我(或我们，你等)，所以若要将逻辑上的主语表明即为：It is time for me to go to school.
4.不定式逻辑上的宾语：
1)、主要动词的主语即不定式逻辑上的宾语。
The river is dangerous to bathe in.(在这条河里洗澡很危险。)
=It is dangerous to bathe in the river.
This house must be comfortable to live in.(住在这幢房子里一定很舒适。)
=It must be comfortable to live in this house.
Your question is difficult to answer.(回答你的问题是很困难的。)
=It is difficult to answer your question.
2)、被不定式修饰的名词或代名词即该不定式逻辑上的宾语。
This is a hard question to answer.(这是一个很难回答的问题。)
=This question is hard to answer.
=It is hard to answer this question
She has no one to depend on.(她没有可以依靠的人。)
=She has no one whom she can depend on.
明察秋毫
1.不定式之前已有逻辑上的宾语，其后就不得有文法上的宾语。
That question is difficult to answer it.(误) to answer.(正)(那个问题很难回答)
2.不定式之前没有逻辑上的宾语，则其后应有文法上的宾语。
It is hard to please her son.(想要讨好她的儿子不容易。)
→不定式to please之前没有逻辑上的宾语，所以它的后面必须有文法上的宾语her son.
5. 不定式的用法：
(1)作主语，不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语 之后，用it作形式主语。
To see is to believe． 眼见为实。
It is right to give up smoking. 戒烟是对的。
(2) 作宾语， 不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补 足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。
He wanted to go． 他想走。
I find it interesting to work with him． 我发现和他一起工作有趣
(3) 作宾语补足语
He asked me to do the work with him． 他叫我跟他一起做这个工作。
注意：1) 在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice，observe，see，watch， have，1et，make等词后的补足语 中，不定式不带to。但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。
2) 不定式动词在介词but，except，besides 后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词 do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。
例如：
She could do nothing but cry． 她只会哭了。
What do you like to do besides swim? 除游泳外你还喜欢什么?
I have no choice but to go． 我不得不走。
(4)。作定语
I have some books for you to read. 我有几本书供给你读。
注①：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
例如：
He is looking for a room to live in ． 他在找一个房间住。
There is nothing to worry about． 无什么可担心的。
Please give me a knife to cut with． 请给我把刀子来切东西。
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。
例如：
He had no money and no place to live． 他没钱没地方住。
注②：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其意义有所不同。
试比较：
A) Have you anything to send?
你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式to send的动作执行者是you)
B) Have you anything to be sent?
你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?
(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else)
(5) 作状语，表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
例如： I came here to see you．(目的)
We were very excited to hear the news．(原因)
He hurried to the school to find nobody there . (结果)
To look at him，you would like him． (条件)
目的状语还可以用in order to或so as to来表示。
例如：
In order to pass the exam，he worked very hard． 为了考试及格，他学习很刻苦。
We ran all the way so as not to be late． 为了别迟到我们一路上跑来的。
不定式也可以在作表语用的形容词后面作状语。
例如：
I am very glad to hear it. 听见这事我很高兴。
The question is difficult to answer． 这个问题难回答。
“too+形容词或副词+不定式”也作状语。 例如：
He is too old to do that．他太老不能做这事了。
另外句子中有enough这个词时，常用不定式作状语。例如：
The room is big enough to hold us．这间屋子够大能盛得下我们。
(6) 作表语
My job is to help the patient. 我的工作是帮助病人。
(7)作独立成分
To tell the truth，I don't agree with you． 说实话，我不同意你的观点。
(8) 不定式与疑问词who，which，when，where ,how，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语表语、宾语等。
例如： He didn't know what to say. (宾语) 他不知道说什么。
How to solve the problem is very important ?（主语）
如何解决这个问题很重要。
My question is when to start．(表语) 我的问题是什么时候开始。
注意:在与why连用时,只用于why或 why not开头的简短疑问句中,后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。 例如：
Why not have a rest?
6. 不定式的时态
1） 一般式表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后，例如
He seems to know this. 他似乎知道这事。
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2） 完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如：
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。
He seems to have caught a cold. 他好像已经得了感冒。
3） 进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。例如：
He seems to be eating something. 他好像正在吃什么东西。
4） 完成进行式表示动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。例如：
She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.
我们知道她研究这问题有好几年了。
7. 不定式的语态
1）当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。
例如：
He asked to be sent to work in the countryside．
2） 不定式在句中用主动式还是被动，多数情况下是容易判别的，但有时的确比较复杂，请注意以下几点：
A) 不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往
用主动形式。
Have you got a key to unlock the door?
B) 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。
I have got a letter to write．
He needs a room to live in．
C) 不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定
式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为 形容词后省去了for one或for people．
例如：
He is hard to talk to．
The book is difficult to understand
但如果强调句中的受事者时，亦可用不定式被动句。
例如：
The handwriting is very difficult to be read．
这字太难认读了。
The box is to heavy to be lifted．
这箱子太重举不起来。
D) 在there be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式，如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。
There is a lot of work to do．
(Somebody has to do the work．)
There is a lot of work to be done．
(The work has to be done．)
请注意下面两个句子的含义是不同的：
There is nothing to do．
意为无事可做，感到十分乏味。
There is nothing to be done．
意为某东西坏了，无法使之恢复正常。
8.特殊词精讲
1 stop doing/to do
stop to do 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事， stop doing 停止做某事。例如：
They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking.我必须戒烟了。
典型例题
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择“stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事”。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。
2. forget doing/to do
forget to do 忘记要去做某事， forget doing 忘记做过某事。例如：
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。（没有做关灯的动作）
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
3. remember doing/to do
remember to do 记得去做某事， remember doing 记得做过某事。例如：
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4. regret doing/to do
regret to do 对将要做的事遗憾， regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如：
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
典型例题
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。
5. cease doing/to do
cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事，
cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。例如：
That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个系已不复存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。
6 .try doing/to do
try to do 努力，企图做某事， try doing 试验，试着做某事。例如：
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
7 .go on doing/to do
go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，
go on doing 继续做原来做的事。例如：
After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.
做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.
作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
8 .be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为“怕”，
be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。例如：
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
9 .be interested doing/to do
interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事，
interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。例如：
I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事。（想了解）
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? （一种想法）
10 mean to doing/to do
mean to do 打算、想， mean doing 意味着。例如：
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工资意味着增加购买
11 .begin（start） doing/to do
begin / start to do sth /begin / start doing sth.
1） 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing。例如：
How old were you when you first started playing the piano?
你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
2） begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do。例如：
I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。
3） 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。例如：
I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。
4） 事物作主语时。例如：
The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了
12 感官动词 + doing/to do
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，+doing 表示动作的进行性。例如：
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调“我看见了”这个事实）
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调“我见他正干活”这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
I felt the car move. (我感到车子动了。)
I felt car moving. (我感到车子正在动。)
I like to hear her sing. (正)singing.(误)(我喜欢听她唱歌。)
Last night when I passed her room, I heard her Singing. (正)Sing. (误)
(昨晚当我经过她的房间时，听见她在唱歌。)
典型例题
1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。
2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。
动词不定式专项练习
1. With a lot of different problems __________ , the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
2.Professor Li is often seen ___________ something in his office.
A. to write B. write C. wrote D. written
3.Do you still remember __________ to your hometown ten years ago?
A. taken B. to take C. to be taken D. being taken
4.She is not used _________ in the city.
A. to live B. to living C. to have lived D. live
5.Hurry up! He is sure _________ us at the gate.
A. waiting B. to wait C. to be waiting D. to be waiting for
6.Charlie Chaplin is considered __________ a great contribution to the film industry.
A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made
7.They haven’t decided when __________ for Shanghai.
A. to be leaving B. to leave C. leaving D. leave
8.I feel like __________ a long walk. Would you like _________ with me ?
A. taking; going B. to take; going C. taking; to go D. to take; to go
9.Don’t forget __________ the letter for me when you pass by the post office.
A. post B. to post C. posted D. posting
10.In those days my family didn’t have enough room _________.
A. to live B. living in C. to live in D. living
11.She told me ________ about my lessons.
A. needn’t worry B. don’t worry C. not to worry D. not worry
12. _______the early train, you'll have to get up early and rush in a taxi.
A. Catching B. Caught C. To catch D. Catch
13.Whether it will do us harm remains_______.
A. seen B. seeing C. being seen D. to be seen
14.All work is pleasant_ ______when the habit of working is formed.
A. done B. doing C. to do D. to be done
15.People are talking about the new play _______in two weeks.
A. to be put on B. to put on C. being put on D. put on
16.I happened _______with him when he was hit by a stone.
A.I was talking B. talking C. to talk D. to be talking
17.We are not sure which restaurant _______tonight.
A. eating at B. for eating C. to eat at D. we eat
You can close your umbrella. The rain seems _______.
A. stopping B. to stop C. to have stopped D. having stopped
18.There seemed nothing else to do but ______a doctor.
A. to send for B. to call for C. send for D. to call in
19.Rather than_ ______on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______a bicycle.
A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding
20.The sentence needs _______once more.
A. explained B. explaining C. being explained D. to explain
21..I'm sorry I forgot_ ______him about it, so he didn't come.
A. to tell B. telling C. to be told D. having told
22.She pretended ____ me when I passed by .
A . not to see B . not seeing C . to not see D . having not seen
23.She reached the top of the hill and stopped ____ on a big rock by the side of the path .
A . to have rested B . resting C . to rest D . rest
24.Last summer I took a course on ____ .
A . how to make dresses B . how dresses be made
C . how to be made dresses D . how dresses to be made
25.This sentence needs _________. .
A. improvement B. improved C. improving D. improved
26. - The light in the office is still on .
- Oh , I forgot ____ .
A . turning it off B . turn it off C . to turn it off D . having turned it off
27.John was made ____ the truck for a week as a punishment .
A . to wash B . washing C . wash D . to be washing
28.Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this evening .
A . to be taken B . to take C . being taken D . taking
29.- I usually go there by train .
- Why not ____ by boat for a change .
A . to try going B . trying to go C . to try and go D . try going
30.. ________ more attention , the trees could have grown better .
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
31. I’m sorry ____ so long, I forgot to tell you in advance where I had put my key.
A. to keep you wait B. to keep you waiting
C. to keep you waited D. to have kept you waiting
32.Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer .
A . to invent B . inventing C . to have invented D . having invented
33.- I must apologize for ____ ahead of time .
- That‘s all right .
A . letting you not know B . not letting you know
C . letting you know not D . letting not you know
34.Rather than ____ on a crowded bus , he always prefers ____ a bicycle .
A . ride ; ride B . riding ; ride C . ride ; to ride D . to ride ; riding
35.The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river .
A . playing B . to be playing C . play D . to play
36.Paul doesn’t have to be made ____ . He always works hard .
A . learn B . to learn C . learned D . learning
37.We agreed ____ here but so far she hasn‘t turned up yet .
A . having met B . meeting C . to meet D . to have met
38.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street , but his mother told him ____ .
A . not to B . not to do C . not do it D . do not to
39.The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation .
A . to eat not B . eating not C . not to eat D . not eating
40. - Alice , why didn’t you come yesterday ?
- I ____ , but I had an unexpected visitor .
A . had B . would C . was going to D . did
41.Though he had often made his little sister______, today he was made ______
by his little sister .
A. cry ; to cry B. crying ; crying C. cry ; cry D. to cry ; cry
42.Jane was made________ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
43.They knew her very well . They had seen her _______up from childhood .
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
44.They would not allow him ______across the enemy line .
A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going
45.Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _______after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive
46.Tom kept quiet about the accident______ lose his job.
A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to
1-5. CABDC 6-10.BCCCC 11-15.CDCAD 16-20.CCCCB
21-25.AACAC 26-30.CAADA 31-35.DCBCA
36-40.BCACC 41-46. AAAAAB
篇2：动词不定式是什么
在一些语言里（例如葡萄牙语），存在受时态、人称和数量影响的不定式形态。亦有些语言完全没有不定式，例如阿拉伯语、保加利亚语和现代希腊语。
在英语学习的课程中，动词不定式的一般现在时被称作“词典用词”，因为它一般被用作词典中该动词的词头。
动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分，但它毕竟是动词，所以有动词的属性。
动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的'宾语、状语，虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语，但它表达的意义是动作，这一动作一定由使动者(动词的使用者)发出。这一使动者(动词的使用者)我们称之为逻辑主语。
篇3：语法-动词不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
举例：
the driver failed to see the other car in time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
i happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
i like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
i like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。
i want to speak to tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
i want you to speak to tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3） 动词+疑问词+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
there are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that i can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。
the question is how to put it into practice.
问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
7.2 不定式作补语
1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句：
a. father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b. we believe him to be guilty.
我们相信他是有罪的。
find 的特殊用法：
find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。
i found him lying on the ground.
i found it important to learn.
i found that to learn english is important.
典型例题:
the next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying
答案：a.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。
2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。
acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand
we consider tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
典型例题
charles babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
a. to invent b. inventing c. to have invented d. having invented
答案：a. 由consider to do sth. 排除b、d。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而c为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选c。
3) to be +形容词
seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
the book is believed to be uninteresting.
人们认为这本书没什么意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
we didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.
we regard tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
7.3 不定式主语
1） it's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
it's so nice to hear your voice.
听到你的声音真高兴。
it's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
2) it's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。
kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
it was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
it seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型
2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。
3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用it is… to…的句型
(对)to see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
(错)it is to believe to see.
7.4 it's for sb.和 it's of sb.
1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
it's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
it's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
you are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。
he is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
7.5 不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：
my work is to clean the room every day.
his dream is to be a doctor.
7.6 不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：
i have a lot of work to do.
so he made some candles to give light.
7.7 不定式作状语
1）目的状语
to… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
he ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
i come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
what have i said to make you angry.
he searched the room only to find nothing.
3) 表原因
i'm glad to see you.
典型例题
the chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.
a. sit b. sit on c. be seat d. be sat on
答案：b. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于“形容词+动词不定式”结构的末尾。
7.8 用作介词的to
to 有两种用法： 一为不定式+动词原形； 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：
admit to承认， confess to承认，
be accustomed to习惯于， be used to习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望， pay attention to 注意
7.9 省to 的动词不定式
1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：
2） 使役动词 let, have, make：
3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。
注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
i saw him dance.
=he was seen to dance.
the boss made them work the whole night.
=they were made to work the whole night.
4） would rather，had better：
5） why… / why not…：
6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：
7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：
9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：
he is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。
举例：
he wants to move to france and marry the girl.
he wants to do nothing but go out.
比较： he wants to do nothing but go out.
he wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
典型例题
1) ---- i usually go there by train.
---- why not ___ by boat for a change?
a. to try going b. trying to go c. to try and go d. try going
答案：d. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选d。
2） paul doesn't have to be made ___. he always works hard.
a. learn b. to learn c. learned d. learning
答案：b. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。
7.10 动词不定式的否定式
tell him not to shut the window…
she pretended not to see me when i passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。
典型例题
1）tell him ___ the window.
a. to shut not b. not to shut c. to not shut
d. not shut
答案：b。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.
2) she pretended ___ me when i passed by.
a. not to see b. not seeing c. to not see
d. having not seen
答案：a。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。
3）mrs. smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.
a. never to drive b. to never driver
c. never driving d. never drive
答案：a。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.
4) the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.
a. not to b. not to do c. not do it
d. do not to
答案：a。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此b，d不对。
5) the patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.
a. to eat no b. eating not c. not to eat
d. not eating
答案：c。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。
7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to…
1）too…to 太…以至于…
he is too excited to speak.
他太激动了，说不出话来。
---- can i help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?
---- well, i'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。
2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为“不太”。
it's never too late to mend. (谚语)
改过不嫌晚。
3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。
i'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。
he was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。
7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to
1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。
tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.
汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。
2) so kind as to ---劳驾
would you be so kind as to tell me the time?
劳驾，现在几点了。
7.13 不定式的特殊句型why not
“why not +动词原形”表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：“为什么不……?” “干吗不……?”
例如：
why not take a holiday?
干吗不去度假?
7.14 不定式的时态和语态
时态语态 主动 被动
一般式to doto be done
进行式to be doing
完成式to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
he seems to know this.
i hope to see you again. = i hope that i'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
i'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
he seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
he seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时：
she is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
7.15 动名词与不定式
1） 动名词与不定式的区别：
动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。
3） 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：
1 stop to do stop doing
2 forget to do forget doing
3 remember to do remember doing
4 regret to do regret doing
5 cease to do cease doing
6 try to dotry doing
7 go on to do go on doing
8 afraid to do afraid doing
9 interested to do interested doing
10 mean to domean doing
11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing
篇4：动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法
动词不定式(todo)是初中英语课的一个重点，也是中考要考查的一个项目。动词不定式属于非谓语动词的'一种形式，很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起，掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳，帮助同学们记忆！
一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。
1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。
例：Togoinforsportshelpsyou
stayfit.(book4，L28)Ithelpsyoustayfittogoinforsports.Itisdangeroustoswiminthedeepseaonyourown.
注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等表示
评价的形容词。例：It’srightofhimtorefusethe
invitation.(him为逻辑主语)
2、表语：Ourdutyistoprotecttheenviroment.
3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例：wouldyouliketoseemyphotos?Kevinplannedtovisithisuncle.(book4，L11)
和plan用法一样的词还有：start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide等。
Ifounditverydifficulttogeta
job.(it为形式宾语)4、宾语补足语：(1)在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to：例：Iaskedafriendtoreadittome.(book4，L2)(2)在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词
(see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，
make，let，have，help等)后不带to。例：Theyheardhimsingapopsonginthemeetingroom.
5、定语：动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词的后面。
例：Vinnyisthefirstdisabledper鄄sontosailaroundtheworld.(book4，
L1)6、形容词补足语：在表示心理、感情、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明。
例：Weareverygladtomeetyouagain.
7、状语：表示目的、原因、程度等。
例：Theybroughtinphotosoftheir
familiesformetolookat.(book4，L2)
8、“疑问词＋不定式”用法：不定式前可带what，who，which，where，when，how等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中多用做宾语。
例：Hedidn’ttellmewheretogo.9、在初中阶段还涉及到“不定式被动语态一般式(tobe+过去分词)”
例：Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.
篇5：谈谈动词不定式
黑龙江省鸡西市培英中学 赫贵祥
动词不定式(to do)是初中英语课本中的一个重点，也是中考必考查的一个项目。下面我们对动词不定式做一简要归纳，以帮助同学们学习和参考。
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)。其否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。它属于一种非谓语动词的形式，在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但它可以保留动词的性质，其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛，在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语
（1）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常常用单数。例如：
To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。
To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。
（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语--动词不定式后置。例如：
It took me half an hour to walk there．我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
It’s important for us to learn English well．对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。
二、作宾语
（1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有 ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及 would like/love 等动词，但 finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。例如：
I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再度访问此地。
She enjoys reading very much．她非常喜欢读书。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
（2）动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语--动词不定式后置。例如：
I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务。
I found it difficult to see him here. 我发现在这里见到他是很难的。
三、作补足语
（1）某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；在被动式中，由于原来的宾语变成了主语，故原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。这类动词常用的有 consider, expect, tell, want, warn, wish，invite等。例如：
They told him not to be late again.他们告诉他不要再迟到了。→He was told not to be late again.
She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday．昨天她请我一起进餐。
（2）在feel（一感），listen to，hear（二听），let，make，have（三让），look at，see，watch，notice（四看）等词之后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，强调动作的完成过程；它们作被动句的谓语时，to要补上。如：
I heard her sing today．She sang wonderfully．今天我听见她唱歌了，她唱得非常精彩。
She was heard to sing today．今天有人听见她唱歌了。
She is often heard to sing this song（by us）．我们经常听见她唱这首歌。
四、作状语
⑴动词不定式作状语可表示目的、原因及结果等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，因此动词不定式作状语往往用主动式。例如：
Come to see me again soon. 尽快再来看我。
I trembled to think of it. 我一想到那件事就不寒而栗。
You couldn't do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己也不能那样做。
(2) only to do sth. 与 only doing sth. 都可作表示结果的状语，区别是：only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果, 或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作；only doing sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。例如：
I worked hard, only to fail at last. 我努力工作,结果最后却是失败。
He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了,只留下一身债
五、作表语
（1）动词不定式往往放在系动词be（，become, sound, taste 等系动词后面一般不接不定式）的后面作表语，表示将来的情况，说明主语的内容。例如：
My wish is to become a teacher．我的愿望是当一名教师。
Your job today is to clean the playground. 你今天的工作是打扫操场。
（2）如果系动词后的动词说明主语的性质，特征，相当于形容词。这时就要用现在分词作表语，而不用不定式。例如：
He said that the story was interesting．他说这则故事很有趣。
六、作定语
（1）动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式；如果动词不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，该动词不定式要用被动式。例如：
Do you have anything to do tonight? 你今晚有什么事要做吗?
I am going to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there? 明天我要去上海。你有什么东西要捎去的吗?
（2）动词不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作，如果动作已发生或正在发生，一般用现在分词作定语。例如：
I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。
The man standing there is Li Ming. 站在那里的那个人是李明。
七、和疑问词连用：
不定式前可用what，who，which，where，when，how，why等疑问词构成不定式短语，这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
（1）作主语。例如：
When to start has not been decided. 什么时候出发还没定下来。
（2）作表语。例如：
The question is how to do the job well. 问题是怎样做好这项工作。
（3）作宾语。例如：
He told me where to find the book. 他告诉我了在哪找到这本书的。
Do you know how to play football? 你知道怎样踢足球吗？
八、不定式的被动式
在初中阶段还涉及到动词不定式被动式的一般式，这种形式是由“to be+动词过去分词”构成的，表示“被……”之意。例如：
There are twenty more trees to be planted. 有更多的树要栽种。
（作者邮箱：jpyhgx@163.com）
★动词
文档为doc格式
