【导语】以下是小编整理的高考英语名词考点例题解析(共6篇),欢迎阅读分享,希望对大家有帮助。

篇1:高考英语名词考点例题解析
1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.
A. a, tear B. a piece of, tears C. a, tears D. a piece of, tear
【陷阱】误选D,许多学生错误地认为,既然news(消息)和 paper(纸)均为不可数名词,那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的;同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。
【分析】最佳答案为C。newspaper和 tear均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数,而且还可以连用数词。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。
The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。
A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。
若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西,而只是把它当成一种“纸”来看待,也可用作不可数名词,如:
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
2. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter
【陷阱】误选A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook 用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以 cooker 应是其相应的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type 用作动词,表示“打字”,所以 typewriter 应表示“打字员”。
【分析】而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。
3. “Why couldn’t they meet us at five o’clock?” “Because they were delayed by ________.”
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
【陷阱】B、C、D三项均容易误选。
【分析】对于此题,首先要明确traffic为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除B和D。另外,汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”,而英语习惯上却不能用crowded 来修饰 traffic,要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”,英语通常说heavy traffic,即选A。如下面一题也是选A:
She is not a competent driver and can’t cope with driving in _______.
A. heavy traffic B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic D. crowded traffics
4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.
A. cattle is B. cattle are C. cattles are D. the cattles are
【陷阱】此题容易误选A,想当然地认为cattle是单数,并且空格有表单数的one,自然谓语动词用is。
【陷阱】其实,正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜,牛)为集合名词,尽管它不带复数词尾-s,却永远表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。又如:
For this many cattle were killed. 为此宰了不少牲畜。
The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。
类似地,police(警察),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法,即只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义;用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与 a(n) 连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如:
The poultry have been fed. 家禽已经喂过饲料了。
In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察通常不带枪。
It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”。 遇到有人忘记道谢的时候,我就不痛快。
5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.
A. mean, mean B. means, means C. means, mean D. mean, means
【陷阱】误选C,认为第一空前有all修饰,故用means,而第二空前有every修饰,故用mean。
【分析】其实,means是一个单复数同形的名词,并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说,在表示“方式”、“方法”时,不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词,表示“意思是”;也可用作名词,表示“中间”、“中庸”)。此题正确答案为C,by all means为习语,意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。means用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较:
All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。
Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。
若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如:
Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?
篇2:高考英语名词考点例题解析
6. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.
A. so kind a, friends B. so a kind, friends C. so kind a, friend D. so a kind, friend
【陷阱】误选C或D。认为 friend要用单数。
【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A。so kind a person相当于such a kind person,注意两者中冠词的位置不同。be friends with是习语,意为“与……友好”、“跟……做朋友”,与之同义的类似地还有make friends with。值得说明的是,这类短语中的名词总是用复数,即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如:
He is friends with me. 他与我是朋友。
He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。
7. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.
A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozens C. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of
【陷阱】误选 B。
【分析】此题最佳答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂,大致原则是:
(1) 当它与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例,但这已属过时用法,在考试中应避免,如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项:
Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen [D]
(2) 当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词 of,此时可将dozens of(许多,几十)视为习语。如:
I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况:
Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。
(3) 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时,加不加复数词尾-s均可,但需注意:不加复数词尾-s时,其后的介词of可以省略;加词尾-s时,其后介词 of不能省略。如:
several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔
注:英语较少使用many dozen的说法,要表示类似意思可用dozens of。
(4) 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词 of。如:
two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋
three dozen of them 它们中的3打
注:score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。
8. She raised her finger to her lips as _____ for silence.
A. an idea B. a mark C. a sign D. a word
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】应选C,sign与mark的区别是:sign 的意思是“迹象”、“征兆”gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或头等做出示意动作以传递信息或命令等),mark 的意思是 written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(书写与印刷的符号或图、线等记号)。
根据此二词的语义区别以及常识可知答案为C。类似地,下面两题的答案也是C:
(1) Those black clouds are a sure _____ that it’s going to rain.
A. thing B. mark C. sign D. one
(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a ______ of good harvest next year.
A. mark B. track C. sign D. appearance
但是,下面一题却不能选sign,也不能选mark,而选symbol(象征):
The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _____ of courage and power.
A. example B. sign
C. mark D. symbol
在近几年的高考中像这类结合词义区别以及语境和生活常识进行考查的试题经常出现,同学们需引起注意。
9. “May I take your order now?” “We’d like three black _______ and two green _______.”
A. coffee, cups of teas B. coffees, teas C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas
【陷阱】误选C,认为coffee和tea均为不可数名词,不能后加复数词尾-s,从而排除选项A、B、D。
【分析】选B。有的同学认为 coffee 和tea是物质名词,不可数,不能用 three coffees, two teas 这样的表达。其实,coffee既可用作不可数名词,表示“咖啡”这种物质,也可用作可数名词,表示“一杯咖啡”,即在口语中 three coffees 就等于 three cups of coffee。同样,“三杯茶”既可说成 three cups of tea,也可说成 three teas;“三杯啤酒”既可说成 three glasses of beer,也可说成 three beers。
10. _____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. Walk B. Walking
C. The walk D. To walk
【陷阱】容易误选A或D。
【分析】最佳答案为B。分析如下:
(1) 首先,选项D不如选项B佳,因为,不定式通常表示特定的动作,而动名词才表示习惯性的动作。
(2) 尽管walk用作名词时可以表示“散步”,但它是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的散步,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“散步”,要表示此义,要用动名词 walking。比较:
How about going for a walk? 出去散散步如何?
Walking does good to your health. 散步对你的健康有益。
类似地,dance 和 dancing 以及 swim 和 swimming 的区别也是一样:
(1) 名词的 dance表示“跳舞”,是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的跳舞,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“跳舞”,要表示后者的意思,要用动名词转化来的名词 dancing。比较:
Let’s have a dance. 我们跳曲舞吧。
He is interested in dancing. 他对跳舞感兴趣。
(2) 名词的 swim表示“游泳”,是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的游泳,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“游泳”,要表示后者的意思,要用动名词转化来的名词 swimming。比较:
She had a swim every day. 她每天游一会儿泳。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
篇3:高考英语名词考点
1.其它名词复数的规则变化
1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。例如:
two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys
holiday---holidays
2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:
a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos
radio---radios zoo---zoos;
b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes
tomato--tomatoes
c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。
3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs
safe---safes gulf---gulfs;
b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkrchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。
篇4:高考英语名词考点
3.典型例题
1.(典型例题The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took__________pictures of them.
A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of
命题目的与解题技巧:此题考查表示“许多”的名词修饰语。
【解 析】 many,masses of,a number of,a large amount of 都可以表示“许多的”“大量的”。其中,many,a number of修饰可数名词复数;a large amount of修饰不可数名词;masses of可用于可数、不可数名词前。A项多一个of;C项the number of指“……的数量”,与题意不符;D项不能修饰复数名词pictures.
【答 案】 B
2.(典型例题) If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off_______.
A. a price B. price
C. the price D. prices
答案:C 指导:本句译文为:如果你买10个以上,它们的价格可以便宜20便士,本题测试名词和冠词的用法。
3.(典型例题)--Brad was Jane's brother!--_______he reminded me so much of Jane!
A. No doubt B. Above all
C. No wonder D. Of course
答案:C 指导:选项A的意思是:毫无疑问,表示肯定;B的意思是:首先,最重要的是,表示重要性;C的意思是:难怪,表示恍然大悟;D的意思是:当然,当然可以,表示同意。根据上下句的意思,答案选C,表示对原来某现象突然弄明白了。
4.(典型例题)Chinese arts have won the_______of a lot of people outside China.
A. enjoyment B. appreciation
C. entertainment D. reputation
答案:B 指导:enjoyment:满意,快乐;appreciation:欣赏、赏识;entertainment:娱乐;reputation:名声。根据句子意思,答案应该选B,意思为:中国艺术享誉海外。
5.(典型例题) In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the_______in personality.
A. contact B. contrast
C. connection D. conflict
答案:D 指导:本题考查词义的区别。contact:接触,contrast:对比,connection:联系,conflict;冲突。句子的意为:在处理公共关系时,我们应努力防止人格冲突。
篇5:高考英语过去分词典型考点解析
动词的过去分词用法灵活,应用广泛,在高考试卷中,单项填空、完形填空、短文改错等诸多题型都设置了对动词过去分词的考查。本文主要讨论它的句法功能在高考单项填空中的应用。
一、过去分词作定语
1.(07上海) The Town Hall ____ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
A to be completed B having been completed C completed D being completed
【简析】句中的The Great Hall与complete之间是被动关系,故应选用过去分词,相当于which were completed,答案为C。
2.(06北京) There have been several new events ____ to the program for the Beijing Olympic Games.
A add B to add C adding D added
【简析】根据句中的have been可知new events已经加入到比赛中,表示完成的动作;而且add与events又存在被动关系,答案为D。
3.(07湖南) “Things _____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A lost B losing C to lose D have lost
【简析】根据语境,我们应选A,因为things与lose的关系是lose things,是动宾关系,things是被丢的。
4.The Olympic Games,____________ in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.[NMET97]
A.first playing B.to be first played鶦.first played鶧.to be first playing【简析】根据题意可知,the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系,因此可以排除A和D,另外B表示将来的动作,也应排除,故答案为C。它可还原成一个非限制性定语从句:which was first played in 776 BC。
解题关键:动词过去分词表示的意义是被动的和完成的,单个的分词作定语常常放在被修饰词的前面,而分词短语作定语时,通常置于被修饰词的后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。且分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
二、过去分词作状语
5.____________ more attention,the trees could have grown better.[MET90]A.Given B.To give鶦.Giving D.Having given
【简析】句子主语the trees与give之间是被动关系,故答案选A,过去分词短语Given more attention作条件状语,放于句首。
6.(07浙江) ____ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A Driven B Being driven C To drive D Having driven
【简析】答案选A。drive与句子主语farmers的关系是farmers被驱使,因此用driven表示被动关系。Being driven是正在被驱使,不需要强调进行时。
7.The research is so designed that once ____________ nothing can be done to change it.[NMET]
A.begins鶥.having begun C.beginning D.begun
【简析】答案为D。once begun在句中作条件状语,它是状语从句once it is begun的省略形式,句意为:这项调查研究事先计划的如此完好,以致于一旦开始,什么也无法改变它。
8.Generally speaking, ______according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (’上海)
A. when taking鶥. when taken鶦. when to take鶧. when to be taken
【简析】完整的说法应是when the drug is taken according to the directions,…由于主句的主语和从句的主语相同,因此可以省略从句的主语the drug和谓语的一部分is,答案为B。当然也可以省去when。
解题关键:过去分词作状语时,它常与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。作条件、原因、时间状语时,分词短语常位于句首;作伴随、方式、结果状语时,分词短语常位于句末。
三、过去分词作表语
9.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____________ by the hour.[NMET98]
A.pay鶥.paying鶦.paid鶧.to pay
10.As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ from my friends.[NMET]
A.separated鶥.spared鶦.lost鶧.missed
【简析】第9题答案为C,过去分词paid作系动词get的表语,类似的用法还有:get married,get beaten,get excited,get caught in等。同样,第9题答案为A,句意为:当我们走进人群中时,我和朋友们分开了。
过去分词作表语时,应注意它和现在分词的区别:现在分词常常表示特征,意为“令人……”,而过去分词则表示状态,意为“(某人)感到……”。再如:
11.I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time,but now I am interesting in football.[NMET97短文改错][
答案]将interesting改为interested。
解题关键:过去分词及过去分词短语作表语时,分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系;而现在分词及其短语作表语时,分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
四、过去分词作宾语补足语
12.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ____________ .[MET91]
A.hear B.to hear鶦.hearing D.heard
【简析】make oneself heard为固定结构,意为“使自己的声音被别人听到”,再如make oneself understood表示“把自己的意思表达清楚”,故答案为D。
13.-Good morning.Can I help you?-I'd like to have this package __________,madam.[MET89]
A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed
【简析】have sth.done是固定结构,意为“让别人去做某事”或“让某事被别人完成”,该题表示“我想让别人称这个包裹”,因此答案为D,过去分词weighed作this package的宾语补足语。
解题关键:过去分词作宾语补足语时,常见的句式有:
1.使役动词或感官动词(have, make, see, hear, watch, notice, feel等)+宾语+过去分词。如:
Yesterday I had my bicycle repaired.
The teacher spoke so slowly so that he could make himself understood.
On my way back home, I heard my name called.
另外,have还有“遭受、遭遇”的意思。如:
Yesterday she had her wallet stolen when she was doing shopping.
2.某些动词(keep, leave, get, find)+宾语+过去分词。如:
If I get further information, I’ll keep you informed.
When I came into the classroom, I found it cleared.
3.介词with+宾语+过去分词。如:
The child was crying with the glass broken.
With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.
14.The murderer was brought in,with his hands ____________ behind his back.[MET90]
A.being tied B.having tied鶦.to be tied D.tied
【简析】在with复合结构中,hands与tie之间含有被动关系,因此首先排除B,另外此处tied不但表示被动,还可以表示完成,因此A、C又可排除,故答案为D。
15.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____________ the next year.[NMET]
A.carry out鶥.carrying out鶦.carried out D.to carry out
【简析】该题句式结构较为复杂,首先,先行词the plan后跟一个由that引导的定语从句;在定语从句中,关系代词that替代the plan,又充当动词see的宾语,因此该空处于宾语补足语的位置;另外,the plan与carry out之间是动宾关系,故答案为C,构成see sth.done结构。
篇6:高考英语完型填空考点及例题讲解
高考英语完型填空考点及例题讲解
一、考点聚焦1、题型特点
(1)完形填空是一种测试学生的外语语言知识以及运用这种语言的综合能力的试题。
(2)通常从一篇词数250左右、难度略低于教材上课文的'文章中设空格20个,用时约18分钟。
(3)考点层次从小到大分为四类:单词层次,词组层次,句子层次与语篇层次。
(4)选项中的干扰项设置与语法结构错误无关,重在文意的干扰。
2、试题要求
(1)巩固、扎实、熟练的英语语法知识和丰富的英语知识。
(2)文章阅读能力和技巧,特别是快速阅读理解能力,甚至是跳过一些词语的能力。
(3)扎实的英语词组、短语,惯用法等固定搭配的知识,词语意义和词法的辨析能力。特别是以动词为中心的词组。
(4)逻辑思维能力,特别是理解文章的整体内容、主题思想的能力和推理判断的能力。
(5)根据试题捕捉相关信息能力。
3、命题走向
(1)文章趋向长,词数250左右,多为夹叙夹议文章。
(2)短文内容逻辑性强,结构严谨,层次分明。
(3)文章语言符合高三学生的实际水平,一般采用故事体,尽量避免选用专业性太强的文章或论说文体。
(4)意义选择填空为主,语法选择填空为辅。
(5)逐步过渡到选最佳答案。以单词填空为主,词组和短语填空为辅。
二、应试技巧点拨
(1)通读全文,掌握主题思想和文章结构。
(2)依次对各测试部分进行分析,观察判断所需内容。
(3)利用掌握的知识判断选择。
(4)根据文章上下文内容进行推理。
(5)寻找信息词,运用固定搭配和比较判断法。
(6)先易后难,利用已选出的正确答案推测未知答案。
(7)复读全文,验证答案。
三、精典范例
例1(NMET 2001)
He has been called the “missing link .” Half-man, half-beast. He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world-Mount Everest.
He is known as the Abominable Snowman. The ___1__ of the Snowman has been around for ___2 __. Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up on the side of Mound Everest. The native people said they___3___this creature and called it the “Yeti,”and they said that they had___5__caught Yetis on two occasions ___4 __none has ever been produced an evidence(证据)。
Over the years, the story of the Yetis has___6___.In 1951, Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Everest. Shipton believed that they were not ____7___the tracks of a monkey or bear and ____8___that the Abominable Snowman might really____9___.
Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis. But the only things people have ever found were ___10_ _footprints. Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ___11___animal tracks, which had been made ___12___
as the melted(融化)and refroze in the snow. ____13___,in 1
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