下面是小编给各位读者分享的高一第十单元学案(人教版高一英语上册学案设计)，欢迎大家分享。
篇1：人教版高一Unit 9 学案(人教版高一英语上册学案设计)
Unit 9 学案
The First Period
一、Words and Expressions
1. agree vi. 同意，答应
我要他帮我的忙，他答应了。 I asked him to help me, and he agreed.
(1) agree with (sb. ,one’s idea, one’s opinion, what one said…)
同意…; 赞成…；与…一致；（天气、食物、气候等）适合某人
①我很同意你所说的话。 I quite agree with what you said.
②他言行不一致。 His words don’t agree with his action.
③她不适应这里的气候。 The weather here ___________________ .
④那种事物我不适应。 That kind of food ___________________ .
(2) agree to (the plan, the proposal, the agreement, the suggestion…) 同意、赞成（计划、提议、协议、建议等）
eg. 你同意这个提议吗？ Do you agree to the proposal?
(3) agree on 对…取得一致意见，协商（主语通常是复数）
eg. 他们最后就工作计划取得了一致意见。
Finally they agreed on the plan of work.
(4) agree (not) to do sth
eg. 这些学生同意在教室里不使用电话。
These students agreed not to use cellphones in the classroom.
(5) agree that
eg. 他承认安是获胜者。 He agreed that Ann was the winner.
(6) disagree vi. ( disagreed; disagreed; disagreeing )
不同意；不一致,不符
①Our answers to the problem disagreed.
②We disagreed on which movie to see.
(7)agreement n. come to / arrive at / reach an agreement 达成协议
be in agreement with 同意 ; 与……意见一致
Practice
①你同意我的计划吗? Do you___________ my plan?
②I couldn't agree with you more. 汉意:______________________
③We couldn't ___________________ a date/when to meet .
关於日期[什么时候见面], 我们未能取得一致意见.
④If you don't _____________ (同意做这件事), I will ask another .
⑤ We are ______________ their decision .
⑥ Finally we______________ ( 达成协议 ) .
2. depend v. dependent adj. independent adj.
1) That depends. = It depends. = I’m not completely sure.
2) depend on 依赖，信任，取决于
①His family depends on him.
②We’re _____________ ( 依赖你 ) to finish the job by Friday.
③Happiness often _________ ( 取决于) your attitude to life.
3. add v.
1) 添加，增加，补充
① I should like to add that we are pleased with the result.
②“我不相信”他补充到. _________________________.
2) add…to…把…加到…上
① Add a few more names to the list.
② Please add my name to the list.
③他往咖啡里加了一些糖。______________________ .
④If you ____________ ( 三加七) ,you will get ten .
3) add to = to increase something
① The rise in electricity costs has added to our difficulties
② Ibelieve this trip will add to our understanding of your country.
③ These high buildings _________________________ (增加了北京城的美丽。)
④ His illness __________________________ ( 他的生病增添了家里的麻烦。)
4) add up 加起来 Add up all these figures and tell me the result.
5) add up to = amount to总计…，加起来达…（不用被动语态）
① How much does the bill add up to ?
②这些数字加起来总共是100。 _________________________ .
4. remind v.
remind sb to do sth.
of sth.
that –clause
①Remind me to write to Dave.
②This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.
③She reminded me that Sue was in Paris.
④有人提醒我不要忘了自己的承诺。I was reminded of my promise.
⑤明天提醒我吃药。_____________________________________+ .
⑥请提醒我一下，以免我忘记。 __________________________ .
⑦他提醒我还没有浇花。 _________________________________ .
⑧The story __________ (让我想起) an experience I once had.
5. touch n.
get in touch with sb. 与…取得联系
keep in touch with / be in touch with / stay in touch with 与…保持联系
lose touch with sb. / be out of touch with 与…失去联系
①We often ______________ ( 彼此保持联系 ) by cellphone.
②Try to _____________ ( 和她取得联系 ) and ask her to come back .
③We ____________ ( 与他失去联系) because he went abroad last year.
6. call v.
call for = to demand sth. , to collect sb. 要求 , 需求 ，邀约
call at some place = visit some place拜访某地
call on sb. = to visit sb., to ask sb. to do sth. 拜访（某人），号召
call in = to ask sb. to come in . 请来 ( 专业人员 doctor,engineer…)
call back 回电话 call up 打电话，回响起
① Students are _________ ( 要求) more spare time and less homework.
② I'll________ (邀约) you at 8 o'clock.
③ I think we'd better ________(请来) a doctor.
④ I _______________ ( 拜访我叔叔) while I was in London.
⑤ we can call for help in case of a emergency .
⑥It ________ ( 需要 ) a cool head.
7. case n.
in case以防，以备万一。（后接条件状语从句，或作副词单独使用。）
in case of + n./pron 假如 ； 如果发生 in any case无论如何
in this/that case假如这样／那样的话
in no case = never决不，在任何情况下都不（位于句首要倒装）
Practice
The meeting will be put off _______________ ( 以防下雨)
__________(假如) he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait.
_______________(如果发生火灾), ring the bell.
I don't think I need any money, but I'll bring some ___________(以防万一).
__________(在任何情况下)should we give up dreaming about a better future.
8. according to 根据…所说；按照
① I did it according to experience.
② Spend according to your income.
③ ______________________ (根据这些数字), our company is doing well
④ Please do _________________ (根据我所说的) what I said
9. particular
1) in particular 特别,尤其,
① What did he like in particular?
② I like one of the magazines in particular .
③Why did you ________________________ ( 特别选了那个 ) ?
④ The whole meal was good but__________ (尤其是白酒 ) was excellent.
2)be particular about 对...讲究 ;过分挑剔
①She is particular about clothes .
② ____________________________ ( 这孩子挑食 ) 。
③You don't have to ______________every little detail (在每个小细节上面那麽斤斤计较 )。
10. interview
1)n. 面谈,访问,接见, 面试
①I have an job interview next week.
②Are you here for the interview?
do an interview with sb 对…进行采访
have an interview with sb.: 会见某人
interview sb/ have an interview with sb: 采访某人 ; 访谈某人
11. take over 接受，接管
①The firm has been taken over by an American group .
②I'll never let you take over the company.
③I will take over your work in our department .
④He wanted to _____________ (接管这工作)
⑤Who will ___________________ (代替他的位置 position )?
⑥Would you like me to _____________(接替你开车)for a while?
12. break down 损坏 ; (健康等)垮掉，崩溃 ; 出故障 ; (谈判等)失败
① Her health broke down under the pressure of work
② 它第一次坏是什么时候呢？ When did it first _________ ?
③ He ________ and wept when he heard the news . 他听到这个消息时,精神垮了
④ Suppose the machine should _________________ ( 再次坏掉 )
⑤ The peace talks between the two countries _____________ (已经失败了) .
13. need n. [U] 缺乏； 需要 [C] 需要得东西； 必需品
in need of sth. I am in need of some fresh air.
There is no need to do sth 做某事没有必要
There is no need to teach a fish to swim .关公门前耍大刀
There’s a growing need for new housing in big cities.
She didn’t earn enough money to satisfy all her needs.
We’re collecting money for children in need.
Please come to me if you’re in need of help.
There’s no need for you to say sorry to me.
The Second Period
二 . Language points
1. If you turn a left-hand glove inside out it will fit on a right hand. 如果你把左手套翻过来，
它会很合适地戴在右手上．
(1) turn…inside out 翻出 turn one’s pocket inside out 把口袋翻出来
(2) fit vt.& vi. (fitted, fitted)
1)（服装等）合身
①这件大衣我穿不合身。 The coat doesn’t _____ me.
②这条裙子我穿非常合身。 The dress _____ me very much.
2) 使合适，使符合 言行一致 fit one’s actions to one’s words
(3) be fit for适合 , 胜任
①He turned out to ____________ ( 胜任) the position .
②He is fit for the office.
(4) be fit to do sth. 适合做……
① She is fit to do the job .
② She is fit to be a nurse .
2 . too … to …
1) 太。。。。。。以至于不。。。。。。He was too excited to say a word .
She is too tired to walk any longer .
2) too ready /anxious / eager /glad / willing / apt (易于)/ …to do sth. 表肯定意义
eg . She is too easy to suspect ( 怀疑 )
Practice
Beginners ________________ make mistakes .
She is ___________________ ( 太乐于嫁给他了) .。
He was ____________________ ( 太急于离开了)
3. Life on the go : a busy life 繁忙的生活。本课做“移动人生”解。
on the go : working all the time 忙碌，（整天）奔忙；爱动
他们总是忙碌。 They are always on the go.
妈妈被迫整天奔波。 Mum has to been on the go all the time.
我很累，我从八点一直在忙。I’m feeling tired out. I have been _______ since 8 o’clock.
现代人都过着忙碌的生活。Modern people are living a life ___________.
你不能让孩子静下来，他们总是爱动
You can’t keep small children still; they are always _____________.
4.Cellphones make it possible for us to talk to anyone from
anywhere.
可用于这种句型的有 think, consider, feel, find.
①乔治明确表示他不同意。 George made it clear that he didn’t agree.
②I think it necessary for her to stay in touch with her parents.
③Our school makes it a rule for us to have an English Corner every Friday.
④Your laziness makes it possible for you to fall behind them.
⑤He found it possible for them to improve the working conditions.
Practice
①I think it important to study English ._________________________________ .
②We found it hard to work with him. __________________________________ .
③我觉得学英语很有趣。 ___________________________________________ . .
④我们认为早点出发好些。__________________________________________ . .
⑤我们认为掌握两门外语是必要的。__________________________________ .
5. Modern cellphones are more than just phones. 现代手机不只是电话。
more than 不只是
①我的北京之行不只是观光。 My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.
②姚明不仅仅人高马大。 Yaoming has more than just size.
③有些故事实在难以令人相信。 Some of the stories were really more than could be believed.
more than连用表示“不只是”，后接名词、数词、分词、动词等；而more…than…用在同一主语身上，是对两种性质进行比较，“与其…不如说…”这一句型中，形容词只能用more+原级，不能用比较级。
①与其说他傻，不如说他疯了。 He is more mad than stupid.
②这孩子的伤倒算不了什么，只是受惊了。 The boy was more frightened than hurt.
6. We have a need to stay in touch with friends no matter where we are or what we are doing.
(2) no matter
“no matter+特殊疑问词”构成连词词组，引导让步状语从句。表示“无论…，不管…”
no matter what=whatever 无论什么
无论你说什么，没有人相信你。No matter what you say, no one believes you.
no matter when=whenever 无论何时
无论你何时去，你都能见到她。No matter when you go, you can see her.
no matter who=whoever 无论谁
无论谁叫都别开门。No matter who tells you to, don’t open the door.
no matter how=however 无论如何，不管怎样
不管我怎样努力都赶不上你。
I’m still behind you no matter how hard I have tried to catch you up.
no matter where=whevere 无论在（到）哪里
无论我走到哪里，我总会想起我的学生们的。
I’ll remember my students no matter where I go.
注：前者只能引导让步状语从句，而后者还可以引导主语从句或宾语从句。
eg. ① She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do.
② Whatever he said was right. 他所说的都是正确的。
Practice
①Nobody believed him ______________________ ( 无论他说什么 ) .
②____________________ ( 无论小偷走到哪儿) , the thief can’t escape being caught.
③She always goes swimming __________________________ ( 无论多冷).
④I don’t mind _______________________ ( 她所说的任何话) .
⑤She is always satisfied with _____________________ ( 儿子所做的任何事情) .
7. Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of a emergency. 有手机也使我们感到更安全，因为在紧急情况下我们可以呼救。
(1) make sb. + adj.
音乐有时使我开心。 Music sometimes makes me happy.
make sb. + n.
All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
make sb.+ v.
妈妈让我在家做家作。
Mum made me _____________ ( 做作业) at home.
I was made ___________ ( 做作业 ) at home.
make sb. + done He made himself understood at last. 他终于让大家理解他了。
8. come up with = to think of or suggest an idea
想出办法，提出建议
①She came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 她想到一个增加销售量的新主意。
②I don’t know why he came up with such silly questions. 我不知他为么会想出这么笨的问题。
③He couldn’t ______________ （想出答案）.
④How have you ________________ (想出这么个好主意)?
9． have success in
Be sucessful in
succeed in doing sth. fail to do sth.
e.g. ①We had no success in finding a new flat.
②Jane finally succeeded in passing the her driving test.
篇2：现在完成时展览厅 学案设计(人教版英语高一)
【简介】现在完成时是初中英语中的语法重点之一，是中考英语中考查动词时态的重点之一，也是同学们学习的难点之一，所以掌握好它是非常重要的。
第一展台【动词结构】
have / has +过去分词
说明：第三人称单数用has，其余都用have；规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词过去分词表。例如：I have already cleaned my bedroom. Jim has heard from his father twice.
第二展台【句型结构】
肯定句 主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其它
否定句 主语 + have / has+ not + 过去分词 + 其它
疑问句及答语 Have / Has + 主语 +过去分词+ 其它?
Yes, 主语+have / has. No, 主语+have / has not.
第三展台【信息标志】
现在完成时常有already, yet, ever, never, just, before, since..., for..., these days等信息提示词。
第四展台【用法】
1． 表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例如：
-Lucy, have you found your ticket?
-Not yet.
2． 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。例如：
-Do you know Jack well?
-Certainly. We have been friends since ten years ago.
同学们，本单元我们开始学习现在完成时，现在完成的构成是：主语+have / has + 动词的过去分词。 你们知道动词的过去分词是如何构成的吗？动词过去分词的构成分两种情况：规则变化和不规则变化。
1． 规则动词的变化
构成法 例词
1．一般直接在词尾加-ed work-worked, open-opened
2．以e 结尾的词直接加-d live-lived, skate-skated
3．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，改y为i，再加-ed study-studied, hurry-hurried
4．以“元音字母＋y”结尾的词，直接加-ed play-played, stay-stayed
5．以重读闭音节或r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped, plan-planned, prefer-preferred
2． 不规则动词的变化，需牢记课本上的不规则动词表。
下面说一下规则动词过去分词－ed的读音，只需牢记以下三条规则：
1) 在/t/, /d/后，读/Id/。例如：start-started /`sta:tId/， need-needed /`ni:dId/
2) 在/p/, /k/, /f/, /t/, /t/, /s/, //, // 等清辅音的后面发/t/。例如：stop-stopped /st pt/, look-looked /lukt/, laugh-laughed /la:ft/, watch-watched /w t t/, fish-fished /fI t/, notice-noticed /`n utIst/
3) 其它情况下一律发/d/。例如：answer-answered /`a:ns d/, live-lived /lIvd/
现在完成时专项训练
一、 选择填空。
1. -Where's Mr Zhang?
-He ________ London.
A. has been to B. has been C. has gone D. has gone to
2. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball?
-________ you ________ your homework yet?
A. Do, finish B. Are, finishing
C. Did, finish D. Have, finished
3. The film ____ for half an hour.
A. has begun B. has been begun
C. has been on D. began
4. -Nice to see you. I ________ you for a long time.
-I ________ in Beijing. I've just come back.
A. hadn't seen, am B. haven't seen, was
C. didn't see, will be D. haven't seen, shall be
5. -____ you ______ a wash yet?
-Yes, I ______ a moment ago.
A. Had, had, washed
B. Did, have, washed
C. Have, had, washed
D. Have, had, have washed
二、 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1． 吉姆还没有完成他的作业，所以他不能和朋友一起出去。
Jim ________ ________ his
homework ________, so he ____ ____ out with his friends.
2． 自从1982年以来我就一直在这所学校教书。
I ________ ________ English at this school ________ 1982.
3． --史密斯一家人来中国有三年了吗？
--是的。
-______ the Smiths ________ ________China ________three years？
-Yes, they ________.
4． --你到哪儿去了？
--我去图书馆了。
-Where ______ you ______?
-I __ ____ ________ ______ the library.
5． --她父亲入党多久了？
--已有二十年了。
-How long ______ her father ______ a Party member?
-________twenty years.
参考答案：
一、1-5 DDCBC
二、1. hasn't finished, yet, can't go 2. have taught, since 3. Have, been in, for, have 4. have, been, have been to 5. has, been, For
篇3：高一英语第11单元学案
Unit 11
1. 用名词性词组引导时间状语从句的用法
（1）the year; the week; the day, the spring; the summer; the autumn; the winter
e.g. He left Europe the year World War Ⅱ broke out.
他在第二次世界大战爆发的那年离开了欧洲。
Alice got married the summer she graduated from college.
爱丽丝大学毕业的那年夏季就结婚了。
（2）the moment(that);the instant(that);the minute(that)
e.g. I understood everything the minute I saw her face.
我一看到她的脸，就了解了一切。
（3）the+序数词+time;(the)next time
e.g. He was writing a letter the first time I saw him.
我第一次看到他时，他在写一封信。
Be sure to call on us next time you come to visit our university.
下次你到我们大学来时一定要来找我们。
(4)each time，every time; any time
e.g. Every time I catch a cold，I have pain in my back. 每次感冒我的背就疼。
You are welcome to come and visit our school any time you like.
只要你愿意，随时都欢迎你来参观我们的学校。
2. have much in common 有很多共同之处
e.g. We had a lot in common with each other. 我们有很多共同之处。
Though they are brothers，they have nothing in common with one another.
虽然他们是兄弟，但他们并没有共同之处。
In common with many other boys，he liked football.
他和很多的男孩一样喜欢足球。
common adj.普通的，平凡的；共有的；公共的，公众的；n. 共用的、公有的东西
The flower is common in spring.
这种花在春天常见。
3. part of; a part of
(1)part of指某人或某物是一个整体的不可分割的一部分，即强调整体性。
e.g. There is but one China and Taiwan is part of China.
只有一个中国，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。
Here we are all part of one big family. 在这里我们都是大家庭中的一员。
(2)a part of 不强调整体性，只说明是构成总体的一部分或一小部分。但a有时可以省略。
e.g. A leg is a part of the body. 腿是身体的一部分。
This looks like(a)part of the broken glass. 这看起来像破杯子的碎片。
4. include，contain
二者都表示“包含”，但含义不同。
(1)include指一整体包含着各自独立的部分，但没有封闭的意思，用时可详细罗列内容，也可只列举其中一、二。
e.g. The price includes postage charges. 价格包含邮资。
Your duties will include putting the child to bed. 你的职责包括将孩子安顿到床上。
(2)contain指不同的事物包含在一个较大的容器内，封闭容纳的意思很强烈、形象，但不必将所含内容一一罗列。
e.g. The basket contains a variety of fruits. 篮子里有许多种水果。
The book contains all information you need. 书中有你所需的全部信息。
5. combine v.结合，使……结合；合并，使……合并
e.g. Is it possible to combine the two parties? 那两党有没有合并的可能？
They combined their efforts to finish their work. 他们结合彼此的力量完成工作。
combine against 联合反对……
e.g. The two parties combined against the government. 那两党联合起来反对政府。
6. traditional adj.传统的，惯例的；传说的，口传的
e.g. These are the traditional foods for Christmas.
这些是圣诞节传统的食物。
tradition n.传统，常规，惯例；传说
follow(break)tradition 遵循（打破）传统
keep up the family traditions 坚守家族传统
according to tradition根据传说
a story based on tradition 根据传说的故事
It is tradition in the family for the eldest sons to become a doctor.
儿子当医生是那个家族的传统。
Tradition says that the princess was killed in this room.
据传说，那位公主是在这个房间里被杀的。
7. spread v. 使伸展，伸展；使延伸，延伸；传播；使……流传
e.g. I spread a new cloth on the table. 我在餐桌上铺上一块新桌布。
He spread out his arms to welcome us. 他张开双臂欢迎我们。
The fire spread quickly through the forest. 火灾迅速地在整个林区蔓延。
The city spreads to the west. 那城市向西扩展。
He spread the information around. 他到处散布那个消息。
n. 扩张，范围；宽度
the wide spread of green forest绿色森林的绵延
7. brief adj. 短时间的，短暂的；简洁的；简略的
make a brief visit 作短暂拜访
a brief report 简短的报告
to be brief 简单说，扼要地说
e.g. To be brief，she was happy with that result. 简而言之，她对那个结果感到满意。
in brief 简单地说，简言之
e.g. It’s a long letter，but in brief，he says “No”.
信很长，但简言之，他拒绝了。
His explanation was brief and to the point. 他的说明既简洁又切中问题要点。
briefly adv. 简洁地；简而言之
Please tell me briefly what happened. 请简略地告诉我发生了什么事。
8. style n. 作风，方式，风格；款式；种类，式样；风度，品格
live in the western style 过西式生活
e.g. Do you have a chair in this style? 你们有这一类型的椅子吗？
in style流行的；优雅地；豪华地
This type of dress is now in style. 这种款式的女装现在很流行。
They are living in style. 他们过着豪华的生活。
out of style 不再流行的，过时的
9. pick(v.)的用法
(1)摘、捡、拾
e.g. He picked her a rose. 他为她摘了朵玫瑰花。
The little birds were picking the grain. 小鸟在啄食粮食。
(2)挑选
Please pick a good book for me. 请为我选本好书。
(3)pick out选好、选出、认出、看清楚
Pick out those books that you’d like to read. 把你喜欢看的书选出来。
We could pick out different places in the city from the plane.
我们能从飞机上把城里的各个地方认出来。
(4)pick up拾起，拿起(非正规地)学会，学到，取(某物)，接(某人)上车；听到，收听
Please pick up all the pieces of paper. 请把所有的纸片都捡起来。
He picked up French while he was staying in Paris. 他在巴黎逗留期间学会了法语。
The bus stopped and picked up three people. 公共汽车停住，上来了三个人。
My radio can pick up VOA very clearly. 我的收音机听美国之音很清楚。
语法：主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题
1. 感官动词和使役动词变被动语态后要把省略的to还原。但是let的被动结构中不定式仍不带to。
e.g. They made him go there alone.→He was made to go there alone.
I saw him cross the road and enter the bank. →He was seen to cross the road and enter the bank.
They let John go. →John was let go.
2. 直接宾语是从句时，一般只能构成以间接宾语为主语的被动句。
e.g. Someone told me where the accident had happened.
→I was told where the accident had happened.
3. 带宾语从句的主动句变被动，通常用it 做形式主语。
e.g. Nobody knew whether there was gold left in the mine.
→ It was not known whether th
“不能转换被动结构的场合”归纳
绝大多数带宾语的及物动词都可以从主动语态变成被动语态。但在下列情况下则不能转换。
(1)受动词的限制
表示状态的及物动词。这类动词有：hold(容纳)，own(拥有)，owe(归属)，suit(适合)，contain(包括)，cost(花费)，lack(缺少)，love(爱)，hate(恨)，have(有)，last(持续)等。不能转换成被动语态。
e.g. We have a new house. 我们有座新房子。
The great hall holds 2 000 people. 这个大厅能容纳2 000人。
The paper will last me a whole term. 这纸够我一学期用。
have表示“吃(饭)”“患(病)”“明白”“知道”等意思时，没有被动语态。
e.g. She had no English. 她不懂英语。
Have you had your lunch?
你吃过午饭了吗？
谓语部分有表示主语“能力”的can，或有表示主语“意愿”的will，would，would rather，dare等时，不能转换成被动结构。
e.g. I can speak English. 我会说英语。
John will marry Rose. 约翰将与罗丝结婚。
be，become，turn，get，go，fall，look，sound等系动词后面的各词是表语，也不能转换成被动语态。
e.g. His dream has become a reality. 他的梦想已经实现。
He has turned scientist. 他已成为科学家。
一些由及物动词与各词构成的不可分割的短语动词，也不能变成被动语态。
e.g. Great changes have taken place since liberation.
解放以来发生了巨大的变化。
We should not lose heart，but make another try.
我们不应灰心，而应再试一次。
He often makes faces in class.
他常在课堂上扮鬼脸。
(2)受宾语的限制
含有下列情况的宾语时，主动语态不能转换成被动语态。
表示地点、处所的名词作宾语时，常见的动词有：leave，enter，reach，join等。
e.g. He reached Beijing at 6 o’clock. 他在六点钟到达北京。
He entered the office. 他走进了办公室。
Her brother joined the army two years ago. 她哥哥两年前参的军。
She swam across the river. 她游过了河。
同源名词作宾语，常见的动词有die，sleep，smile，laugh，fight，live等。
e.g. We are living a happy life. 我们过着愉快的生活。
I dreamed a wonderful dream. 我做了一个美梦。
有些抽象名词作宾语。
e.g. He lost interest in English. 他对英语失去了兴趣。
反身代词、相互代词、动词不定式、动名词作宾语时。
e.g. She killed herself in . 她自杀的。
We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。
I want to watch TV every day. 我想每天看电视。
John enjoys singing. 约翰喜欢唱歌。
宾语前带有指代主语的物主代词。
e.g. The doctor shook his head. 大夫摇了摇头。
宾语常是表示“度量”的名词。
e.g. We walked two miles. 我们走了两英里。
cost，wish，promise等带双宾语时。
e.g. It costs me much time. 它花了我很多时间。
He promised us to come. 他答应我们要来。
love，like，want，wish，get，cause等带复合宾语时。
e.g. Do you really wish him to go? 你真的希望他去？
He has to get someone to help him. 他必须让某个人来帮助他。
篇4：B1 UNIT 1 学案设计(人教版英语高一)
第一部分：以思维导图复习近平期知识重难点
第二部分： 本次课主要内容
Part1 Warming UP
1.survey n.调查
【典句诵读】
Our teacher is doing/making/conducting a survey about getting up early in the morning.
我们老师正在做一个关于早起的调查。
The survey shows that over 75% of the children prefer purple to other colors.
调查表明，超过百分之七十五的小孩喜欢紫色超过其他颜色。
2.add v.加，补充
Please add some sugar to the coffee.请给咖啡里加点糖。
Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来，看看能得几分？
Tom,what do ten,twenty and five add up to?汤姆，10,20和5加起来是多少？
Sorry add to your trouble.对不起给你添麻烦了。
He added that he was satisfied with the talk.他补充说他会谈很满意。
【名师点津】
add to 增加（多跟抽象名词，如：trouble,difficulty等）
add…to… 加……; 往……里添加
add up to 总计；加起来等于
add that… 补充说……
add up 加起来
【小试牛刀】
1)The bad weather _______________________. 坏天气添加了我们的困难。
2)The arrival of five more guests only ________the confusion.又来了五个客人，局面更加混乱。
3)It's normal that a famous sports player's cars _______ five. 一个著名运动员总计有5辆车是很正常的。
答案：1)add to our difficulty 2)added to 3)add up to
3.get it repaired
The car broke down in the way,but finally I managed to get it started.车在路上抛锚了，但最后我成功地
将它开动起来。
He got his leg broken when playing basketball.打球时他把腿折断了。
【名师点津】
get sth done.相当于have sth done.
get sb to do相当于make sb do.
【小试牛刀】
You can get him______(work)till tomorrow morning,you can also get the work______(finish)as soon as
possible,but you can never get him_______(change)the way he is used to.
Tim's mother always has him and his sister______(wash)their own clothes.However,Tom often makes his
sister____(wash)his.One day,his mother saw this and he was made_____(do)all the housework for a week.
答案：1)working,finished,to change 2)wash,wash,to do
4.upset adj&vt.心烦意乱的;使心烦
【典句诵读】
There is no point being about about it.犯不着为此事难过。
【名师点津】
【小试牛刀】
1)He ____________ not being invited to the party. 没有邀请他去聚会，他很不高兴。
2)你别为这事心烦了，忘了它吧。______________________________________
答案1）is upset about 2)Don't be upset about it.Let's forget it.
5.calm adj.&v 使镇静，镇静的
【典句诵读】
No one expected that he was so calm when told the bad news. 大家没有料到当被告知这个坏消息时，
他如此平静。
Calm down. You should not be so excited. 请镇静，你不该这么激动。
She managed to calm him down.她设法让他平静下来。
【名师点津】
【小试牛刀】
1)I told myself to __________. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。
2)____________ and try not to panic. 沉住气，别惊慌。
3)面对危险时必须要头脑冷静。
答案：1)calm down 2)Keep calm 3)One must keep calm in time of danger.
6.ignore忽视
1)When I met her this morning, I went up to greet her but she ignored me and continued her way.
今天早上我遇到她，跟她打招呼，但是她不理睬我继续走路。
2)He ignores the doctor's advice and goes on smoking.他不听医生的建议继续抽烟。
7.concern n&vt. 担心，关注
【典句诵读】
You will tell your friend that you are concerned about her and you will meet after class and talk then.
你会告诉你的朋友你很关心她，下课后你们会见面交谈。
2)The main concern is that prices are rising.主要让人担心的事是价格在涨。
3As far as I am concerned,the issue is over and done with.在我看来，问题已经彻底解决了。
【名师点津】
be concerned about=show concern for为某事担忧
as far as I am concerned=in my opinion就我而言
【小试牛刀】
她为儿子的将来感到担忧。__________________________
我认为很有必要掌握一门外语。__________________________________
答案：1)She is concerned about her son's future.
2)As far as I am concerned,it is necessary to master a foreign language.
8.While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.
【典句诵读】
1)While reading the bbook, he nodded from time to time. 阅读这本书时，他不时地点头。
2)He fell asleep while doing his homework.他做作业的时候睡着了。
【名师点津】
状语从句中的省略的规则
当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it，常见if从句)．
从句谓语中包含be动词．如：be doing,be done, be to do, be +adj
在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词．保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。
when，while，as, until引导的时间状语从句的省略
While visiting the city，they received a warm welcome.
When asked why he was late，he kept silent．
●注意After finishing his homework,he went home happily.
Before being repaired, the TV set needs a careful examination.
if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句的省略
Once begun．it must be done well．
Correct mistakes, if any.
though，although,even if,even though引导的让步状语从句的省略
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.
as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句的省略
He shook his head as if to say: “Don't trust her”.
He stared at the girl as if seeing her for the first time.
You should finish the homework as requested.
5. than引导的比较状语从句的省略
They sent us much more materials than required.
【小试牛刀】
1)The boss, not the workers should be responsible for the accident. They just carried out the order as__(tell)2)When _______what they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. ( ask)3)One day while ________(work) at the cash register in the gift shop,I saw an elderly couple.
4)When_______(finish),the knot looks identical from both the front and back.
5)They promise to take action,_____needed, to maintain financial stability in the euro area as a whole.
6)The building was still shaking while I_______(walk) along the road.
7)Friendship is like money: easier made than _____ .(keep)
8)When I was at your age my father told me that I should go and work wherever ____ most. (need)
答案：1)told 2)asked 3)working 4)finished 5)if 6)was walking 7)kept 8)needed
Part2 Reading
一.课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
Anne Frank is 1 Jewish girl who lived in Netherlands during the World War II. Her family had to 2 or they would be caught by the 3 （德国的)Nazis. During the time in the 4 （隐匿的）place, Anne set down a 5 （系列）of facts in a diary . Anne made her diary her best friend 6 she could tell everything to and in the diary she showed us 7 she 8（经历）during the war.
答案：1. a 2. hide 3. German 4. hiding 5. series 6. whom 7. what 8. went through/ experienced
课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
安妮，一个整日躲在家中的犹太女孩，在二战期间坚持写日记。她把日记作为最好的朋友；在日记中她实现了过上正常的生活的渴望。
The story is about Anne________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
答案： Anne , a Jewish girl hiding at home all day round, kept a diary during the World War II . She regarded the diary as her best friend, and in it she relizeded her desire for a normal life.
【夯基固本】夯实基础、强化记忆、学习之本！
1.go through经历
【典句诵读】
A friend is someone whom you could tell everything to，like your deepest feelings and thoughts and also
the one who understands what you are going through.朋友是那个你可以向他倾诉一切并且懂得你所经
历的事情的人。
2)The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。
3)Have you gone through all your money already?你已经把所有的钱花光了吗？
4)I went through the students' papers last night.昨晚我仔细检查了学生的论文。
【小试牛刀】
1)Some of the students _______________ before they entered the university.
有些大学生在进入大学之前体验过艰苦的生活。
I ____________ all my pockets looking for my keys. 我翻遍了所有的口袋找钥匙。
我非常理解你目前的处境。______________________________________
答案：1)went through hardships 2)went through 3)I understand what you are going through.
2. set down=put/write/take down 记下
【典句诵读】
You don’t have to set down all that our teacher said. 你不必把老师讲的都记下来。
How shall I set myself down in the hotel register? 在旅馆的登记簿上，我应如何登记自己的身份呢？
【名师点津】
【小试牛刀】
She _____________ the report after breakfast and handed it in at noon.
她早饭后着手写报告并且中午就上交了。
If you went to catch that train, we’d better ___________ for the station immediately.
你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们就最好马上动身去火车站。
3.a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
【典句诵读】
Have you seen a series of books like this? 你读过这系列的书吗？
Then began a series of wet days that spoiled our vacation.接着是一连串的雨天，把我们的假期弄得一
团糟。
【小试牛刀】
_______________about him have come out .关于他的一系列电影已经问世了。
2)_______________were handed out to the students.给学生们发了三套试题。
答案：1)A series of films 2)Three series of papers
4.on purpose 故意地；有意地
【典句诵读】
For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order
to have a good look at the moon by myself.比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到十一点半故意不睡觉，
为的是独自好好看看月亮。
2)I come to the hospital on purpose to see you.我特地来医院看你。
【名师点津】
【小试牛刀】
1)I didn’t do it ______--it was an accident.我不是故意做这件事的，这是一次意外。
2)He went to the USA _______________ further study. 为了深造，他去了美国。
答案：1)on purpose 2)for the purpose of
5. in order to 以便……，为了……
【典句诵读】
In order to catch the train, she hurried through her work.为了赶火车，她匆匆做完了她的作业。
In order to be heard by all the students, the teacher spoke in a loud voice.
老师大声讲以便全体同学都能听到。
【思维点激】
【小试牛刀】
1)He bought this present _____________ give his son a surprise.
2)为了赶上早班车，他起得很早。
答案：1)in order to 2)He got up early ______________ the early bus.
6.face to face 面对面地；面对着（相当于副词，在句中做状语）
【典句诵读】
His ambition was to meet his favourite pop star face to face. 他向往的是面对面地见到他最喜欢的歌星。
【名师点津】
类似结构的词组
heart to heart坦诚地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
back to back 背对背地 hand in hand手拉手地
arm in arm臂挽臂地 one by one一个一个地
side by side并排地，并肩地 step by step逐步地
【小试牛刀】
You’d better _____________ with each other, I think. 我认为你们最好彼此坦诚地谈谈。
To learn English, one should go __________________. 学习英语要一步一步来。
答案：1)have a talk heart to heart 2)step by step
7.happen to do---when---当--的时候碰巧做某事
【例句仿写】
例：I happened to be cooking when the telephone rang.电话铃响时我正好在做饭。
仿：昨天我去找他的时候，碰巧他父母都在家。______________________________
游颐和园的时候碰巧遇到了我的朋友。____________________________________
答案：1)Her parents happened to be at home yesterday when I called on him.
2)I happened to meet one of my friends when I was visiting the Summer Palace
第三部分：知识巩固、总结
一单词拼写
1)She was really u_____ about the way her father treated her.
2)It was very stupid of you to i_____ your mother’s advice.
3)All the people are c_____ about the growth of the younger generation.
4)She’s h_____ my book away somewhere.
5)My summer vocation was completely spoiled by a s_____ of wet days .
6)He came here on p____ to discuss it with you.
二用适当的介词，副词或连词填空
1)The country has gone______ too many wars.
2)Why don’t you set your ideas_______ on paper.
3)He did it_______ purpose, knowing it would make her angry.
4)The street lights go on ______ dusk.
5)The two have never met face_______ face before.
6)I can’t wait any______ , I have been waiting for such a long time.
7)She arrived early______ order to get a good seat.
三单项填空
1. ______get to the company in time，we set out early in the morning.
A. So as to B. In order to C. So thatD. In order that
2. The police asked him to______ the facts just as he remembered them.
A. set about B. set down C. set up D. set out
3. Although I often send e-mails to Tom, I haven’t seen him______
A. eye to eye B. face to face C. with eyes D. on my own(by oneself)
4.Jim always pronounces my name wrong. Do you think he does it__.
A. on purpose B. at present C. at the endD. right away
5.I cannot spend ____money on the car which is _____expensive for me.
A. too much; much too B. far too; too much C. much too; too much D. too many; much too
6.There is no ____swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim_____
A. indoors; outdoors B .indoor; outdoor C .indoor; outdoors D .indoor; indoors
7.The bad news _________me.
A. nervous B. anxious C. upset D. sad
8.The police chief advised his men to stay ___ and not lose tempers.
A. still B. quiet C. silent D. calm
9.The country has _________too many wars.
A. gone through with B. gone through C. gone about D. gone down
10.His absence ____ our great difficulty.
A. addedB. added to C. added upD. added up to
四 短文填空
When someone hurts you,______yourself down first.Take a deep breath and think of something happy.Don't wait_____an apology.“Many times the person_______hurt you may never think of making an_________(apologize),”_________(say) Dr.Luskin.“They may hurt you_____purpose,or they just don't see things the same way as you.”Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who makes you_______(hurt).Instead,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you._______(final),try to see things from the other person's perspective(角度).You may realize______he or she was acting out of ignorance.
参考答案
一upset,ignore,concerned,hidden,series,purpose
二through,down,on,at,to,longer,in
三BBBAA CCDBB
四calm,for,who,apology,said,on,hurt,Finally,that
篇5：冠词的使用 学案设计(人教版英语高一)
冠词
1.1 冠词的定义
定冠词the 相当于that 的代词。它的含义是特指和类指。
The lion is roaring. 指确定的某一只狮子。
The lion is the kind of beasts. 指某一类动物。
不定冠词a/an 来源于数词one, 有单一的含义，也用于特指和类指。
A tiger has escaped. 指确定的某一只老虎。
A tiger can be dangerous. 指任何一只老虎。
零冠词是名词前一种无形的冠词，即一般所谓不用冠词的场合。许多专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词都用零冠词。
Beijing is the capital of China.
Knowledge is power.
Lead is heavier than iron.
1.2 冠词的基本用法
1） 在单形可数名词前可用定冠词或不定冠词。
2） 复形可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词
3） 不可数名词前可用定冠词或零冠词。
4） 专有名词前用零冠词。
1.3 冠词的位置
冠词置于名词之前，如遇形容词修饰，冠词则置于形容词之前。但下列情况，冠词位置有所变化:
1) 形容词前有so, as, too, how 时，不定冠词a须置于形容词之后、名词之前：
It was so warm a day.
They are as happy a couple as I’ve ever seen.
It was too good a chance to be missed.
I know how great a labor he had undertaken.
2) 指示代词such 和感叹词what 总是置于不定代词a 之前。
However did you make such a mistake?
I never saw such a beautiful color on my mother’s face before.
What a pity!
3) many 可置于不定冠词之前，后跟单形名词。
I have been there many a time.
4) 副词quite和rather 可置于不定冠词a 之前，也可置于其后。
You’re quite a woman, little Fran. 你真不一般，小Fran.
It’s rather a pity.
That’s a quite surprising result.
He’s a rather hard man.
5） 不定代词all, both 和副词double 须置于定冠词the 之前。
All the birds were asleep.
both 后的定冠词可以省略。
Both (the) men were talking in low voices.
all 后是否要用定冠词，由定冠词的一般规则决定。
All children have to go to school one day. 所有孩子有一天都得去上学（类指）
All the children of the boarding school were in bed. 寄宿学校的全体孩子都睡了。（特指）
6） half 和twice 均置于不定冠词a 和定冠词the 之前。
You’ve only heard half the story.
7) not a(n) + CN.
Not a student likes it. （不止一个）
定冠词
2.1 定冠词用于类名词
定冠词可以用于单形类名词表单念。特指
Stares are sparkling out there over the river.
定冠词也可以用于复形类名词表复念。
This was July, and the fields were green.
定冠词还用于一些常用复形的类名词，却表单念。
In two days I was again back on the outskirts of London.
2.2 定冠词用于集体名词
定冠词可用于集体名词，不论单形或复形，皆表复念。
Members of the press weren’t allowed into the meeting.
2.3 定冠词用于物质名词
定冠词可用于单形物质名词，一般无数念。 也可用于一些有复形的物质名词，表复念或无数念。
Milk from which the cream has been taken is called skim-milk.
The air is very clear after the rains.
2.4 定冠词用于抽象名词
定冠词可用于单形抽象名词，无数念或表单念，也可用于复形抽象名词，表各种数念。
The idea of the game is to hit the ball over the net
He laid the foundations of his success by hard work.
2.5 定冠词用于名词化的词
定冠词可以用于名词化的动名词、形容词、过去分词、序数词、国籍的形容词等
How about the living there?
The beautiful can never die.
She said she was just afraid of the unknown.
He was the second to be chosen.
the missing 失踪的人 the injured 伤者 the wounded 伤员
The French are famous for their food.
*** the French/ the English, etc. are plural in meaning. You cannot say ‘a French/ an English’. You have to say ‘a Frenchman/ an Englishman’ etc. You can also use the + nationality words ending in-ese( the Chinese/ the Sudanese etc.) These words can also be singular ( a Chinese, a Sudanese, etc)
an Italian
(the) Italians
a Mexican
(the) Mexicans
a Scot
(the) Scots
a Turk
(the) Tuks
2.6 定冠词用于专有名词
定冠词用于单形或复形专有名词
The Cairo lies on the east bank of the Nile.
The Baltic Sea is stormy in winter. 波罗的海
The United Nations Organization was founded in 1945.
Have you visited the exhibition of some masterpieces of the great painters of the Renaissance?
The Blacks lived in the next-door house.
定冠词用于专有名词可以：
1） 表人名：用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇两人
The Emperor Napoleon/ the Judge Harris/ the old Shakespeare/ the young Shakespeare/ the late Premier Zhou / the Browns/ the Misses Shaw 肖家姐妹/ the Germans
2) 表地名: 江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛、海峡
the Hudson River/ the Thames= the river Thames/ the Mississippi Valley/ the Suez Canal运河/ the Mediterranean Sea/ the Pacific (Ocean) / the Atlantic Ocean/ the Indian Ocean/ the Arctic Ocean/ the Alps 阿尔卑斯山脉/ the Hawaiian Islands/ the Antarctic Circle/ the Equator/ the Hague/ the Sahara/ the Netherlands/ the United States/ the Channel (between France and Britain)/ the Rockies
3) 表机关、团体、国名：由普通名词和另外一些词共同构成的专有名词
We use ‘the’ in names with ‘republic’, ‘Kingdom’ ‘States’etc. We use ‘the’ with plural names of people ad places
the Netherlands/ the Bahamas/ the British Isles/ the Philippins/ the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland/ the United States of America (the USA) / the National People’s Congress/ the Senate 参议院/ the House of Representatives 众议院/ the House of Lords 上议院/ the House of Commons 下议院/ the Democratic Party 民主党/ the Republican Party 共和党/ the Conservative Party 保守党/ the Labour Party/ the Federal Bureau of Investigation= FBI/ the Central Intelligence Agency= CIA/ the Associated Press 美联社/ the University of London= London University/ the University of Chicago/ the British Museum/ the London Zoo/ the Louvre Palace 卢浮宫/ the White House/ the Royal palace/ English= the English language
the + adj./name+ noun
the Hilton (Hotel)
National (Theatre)
Sahara (Desert)
Atlantic (Ocean)
Names with … of …, usually have ‘the’
Shops, restraints, hotels, banks, etc. are named after the people who started them. These names end in-‘s or –s. We do not use ‘the’.
McDonalds
Names of Company, airline etc. are without ‘the’
Sony/ British Airways
4）表历史时期、事件等
the Iron Age/ the Tudor Dynasty/ the Treaty of Versailles 凡尔赛条约
5）表报刊书籍及其他
the Times/ the Guardian / the New York Times/ the Washington Post/ the Economist/ the Atlantic/ the Odyssey 奥德赛/ the Paradise Lost/ the Yorktown 约克敦号（航空母舰）/ the Mercury 墨丘利号（宇宙飞船）/ the Bible/ the Lord/ the Devil 魔王/ the Koran 古兰经
2.7 定冠词用于固定短语
In the middle of the night, we finally reached that city.
*** prep. + the + noun. + of +… ( noun: middle/ back/ beginning/ end/ top/ bottom/side)
If you behave so foolishly you must be ready to take the consequences.自食其果
It is certainly unreasonable that she should put the blame on you. 归咎于
in the morning/ afternoon/ evening; the other day; in the daytime
to tell the truth/ with the exception of 除……之外/ to go to the theater/ to break the ice 打破寂寞/ to keep the peace 维持治安/ to pick up the pieces 收拾残局/ to burn the midnight oil 开夜车/ to pass the buck 推卸责任/ to put the cart before the horse 本末倒置/ Strike while the iron is hot/ The fat is in the fire. 事情搞糟了/in the least根本/ in the distance/ in the way/ one the radio/ on the whole/ on the other hand/ at the same time/ at the moment/ for the time being/ on the phone
2.8 指谈话双方都知道的人和事物
What’s in the papers today?
2.9 用在世界上独一无二的事物的名词前面 (the sky/ the sea/ the ground/ the country/the wind/ the world/ the North Pole/ the international market/ the future/ the past/ the travel industry/ the weather/ the climate/ the atmosphere/ the human race/ the public. the environment; we say “space” without “the” when we mean “space in the universe”)
The earth goes around the sun; the moon goes around the earth.
There’s a cold wind blowing from the north.
She dreamt of a future where she could spend more time painting.
2.10 用在方位名词前面
China is in the east of Asia.
the north of France= northern France
the south-east of Spain= south-eastern Spain
north/ south, etc + place name without ‘the’
North America/ West Africa
*** on the maps, ’the’ is not usually included in the name.
southern southwards （动态）
east/ west/ south/ north
prep./ vt. + the + n.
vi. + ad.
①The man said that he saw a UFO flying from / east to/ west. ( from… to… zero article)
②I live in the north, but I prefer to move / south.
③The window of our classroom faces /; the south.
The window of our classroom faces to the south.
④/ East of our city, lies a small town.
To the east of our city, lies a small town.
2.11 用于序数词和形容词最高级的前面
He is always the first to come and the last to go.
It is one of the most beautiful cities that I have visited these years.
2.12 in + the + 逢十的复数数词 表示某个世纪的某个年代
All of you were born in the 1980s/ 1980’s.
in the 21st century
in one’s thirties
2.13 当接触人体某个部位时，人作宾语时，不为前面加顶冠词及介词
hit/ beat/ strike/ wound/ pat/ take + sb. + prep. + the + part of body
in the eyes/ in the face/ in the stomach/ by the arm
be red in the face/ be lame in the leg/ be blind in the eye
The teacher patted me on the shoulder.
2.14 用在乐器前面
I like to play the piano.
John Denver used to sing to the/ a/ his guitar.
In the centre of the hall stands a white piano.
2.15用于位置清楚地物品前
in a room, we say: the light/ the door/ the floor/ the ceiling/ the carpet
Can you turn off the light, please. ( the light in this room)
I must go to the bank to get some money.
I hate going to the dentist/ doctor.
2.16 用于same, very, only 前
These two photographs are the same.
2.17 We usually say the radio, but television (without ‘the’ )
We heard the news on the radio.
We watched the news on television.
不定冠词
an hour; a half; a European country; an 800-metre-long road
(1) We use ‘a’ before words that begin with a consonant sound. Some words start with a vowel letter but begin with a consonant sound, so we use ‘a’ before thee words.
a university; a one-parent family
(2) We use ‘an’ before words that begin with a vowel sound including words that begin with a silent letter ‘h’.
an orange; an Italian; an umbrella; an honest child; an hounor
(3) Abbreviations said as individual letters that begin with A, E, F, H, I, L, M, N, S, X, O, R.
an MP3; an FBI agent; an IOU; a NATO; a FIFA
3.1 不定冠词用于类名词
不定冠词常用于单形类名词，表单念。也可以用于一些常用复形名词，表单念。类指
Give me a post-card.
A crossroads is a place where roads cross.
A person wants to meet you at the airport.
He’s coming back in a day or two. (表示一个)
3.2 不定冠词用于集体名词
不定冠词可用于单形集体名词。
I was put in a large class.
3.3 不定冠词用于物质名词
不定冠词可用于单形物质名词，表单念，用于复形物质名词也表单念。
They are a light victuals.清淡的食物
He has a good knowledge of biology.
a study of…/ an understanding of …/ a collection of…
3.4 不定冠词用于抽象名词
1) 不定冠词用于单形抽象名词
I’m quite at a loss.
2) 不定冠词用于由动词转化来的抽象名词
Can you give me a lift, please?
Let’s have a try at it.
3) 不定冠词用于已转化成类名词的抽象名词
She is quite a beauty.
As a youth, he was on the school team.
4) 不定冠词用于复形抽象名词, 表单念
We have just moved in, so we’re in a bit of a shambles.
抽象或物质名词具体化；表示数量一份；一场；一阵等等
I want a beer （一份）
a cold wind
3.5 不定冠词用于名词化的词
1) 名词化的动名词
A knocking at the door was heard.
2) 名词化的形容词
He is such a dear.
He loved the darkness and folded himself into it It fitted the turgidity of his desire which, in spite of all was like a riches. 他爱黑暗, 将自己包子其中. 黑暗正贴合他那膨胀起来的欲望, 这种欲望简直就像是一种财富. (a riches 表单念)
3) 用于名词化的过去分词
The onetime star became an outcast. 一时的明星已被社会所抛弃.
4)用于名词化的序数词
He got a first in mathematics.
Can you give me a second chance?
3.6 不定冠词用于专有名词
a Chinese 华人 a Van Gogh 一幅梵高的画 a Kodak 柯达 a Sunday 一个周日 a Jones 一个叫Jones 的人
a/ an: to show similarity
Tom is a Lei Feng.
a(n): = some/ a certain
A Mr. Smith wants to meet you at the gate.
a(n): to show a member of nationality
Who is a Hui?
a(n): to show the change
a different Tom what he was
3.7 不定冠词用于固定习语
have a rest
have a cold
keep a diary
once in a while
at a loss
for a while
once upon a time
tell a lie
do sb. a favour
at a mouthful
at a distance
make a fool of sb.
with a will 带劲儿
take a break
have a gallop 快马加鞭
make a fuss 大惊小怪
at a disadvantage处于不利地位
take a bow 谢幕
all of sudden
as a rule
as a matter of fact
have a chance
have a good time
have a hand in
in a hurry
go/ fly into a temper
have a try
lend a hand
keep an eye on 兼顾
take a walk
take an interest in
3.8 表示单位，相当于“每一个”的意思，此时a 不能用one 代替
Please take this medicine three times a/=per day.
3.9 When ‘most’ before an adj. means ‘very’ or ‘extremely’ we can use ‘a’ (with cn.) or ‘zero article’ (with cn.s / un.)
He is a most peculiar-looking man.
3.10 a/ an/ one
We’ll be in Australia for one/ a year. (one emphasizes the number)
We use ‘one’ rather than ‘ a(n)’ if we want to emphasise that we are talking about only one thing or person rather than two or more.
Do you want one sandwich or two?
We use ‘one’ in pattern: one… the other; one… another
Close one eye, and then the other.
Bees carry pollen from one plant to another.
We also use ‘one’ in phrases.
one day/ evening/ spring to mean a particular but unspecified day, evening, spring.
I really need a cup of coffee.√
I really need one cup of coffee.×
a day or so
half an hour
a week or two= one or two weeks
He’s a friend of mine.
He’s one of my friends.
零冠词
4.1 用于类名词
用于单形类名词表示抽象概念
1) 强调无所指, 表一单纯概念.
He has great neatness of person.
2) 表示人所熟知的事物
There’s no place like home.
3) 泛指人和人类 man/ human beings/ the human race
Man is mortal.人必有死
4) 表身体部位
The dog ran away, with tail between his legs.
5) 表品质或职务
He became king
That man was more animal than man.
6) 置于介词后表示抽象概念
I don’t go to school-I’m at university.
7) 用于转化为物质名词或抽象名词的类名词
She said she cared a lot about face (面子).
Bed was a place for sleeping.
8) 用于kind/ sort + of
What kind of flower is it?
9) 用于adj.+ of
Tom was a large man, red of face.
10) 独立结构
A girl came in, book in hand.
用于复形类名词，无数念或表示复念
Paul is friends with Bill.
Liars must have good memories.
11) 呼语，只有一个人担任的头衔、职务前不用冠词。这些名词作宾补、主补、表语和同位语
Grandma, what’s wrong with you?
We made him monitor/ chairman/ president/ head/ headmaster/ dirctor
the position/ role/ post/ part + of …+ zero + noun.
He has taken the post of head of our department.
4.2 用于集体名词
用于单数集体名词，表复念
Machinery is oiled to keep it running smoothly.
用于复形集合名词，表复念
Statistics suggest that the population of this country will be double in ten years’ time.
4.3 用于物质名词
用于单数物质名词，无数念
Blood is thicker than water.
用于复形物质名词，表复念或无数念
There were little white clouds in the sky.
Are you short of fuels?
4.4 用于抽象名词
Wisdom is better than strength.
How time flies!
Facts are facts.
Sports is good for health.
What fine weather it is!
4.5 用于名词化的词
1) 动名词
Good beginnings make good endings.
2) 名词化的形容词
We are taking our finals next week
3) 名词化的过去分词
Do you listen to news broadcasts everyday?
4) 名词化的序数词
Fruit should be sorted into best and seconds and in some cases into thirds.
4.6 零冠词用于专有名词
John Ford came in at last.
I asked him how he liked Paris.
July passed into August, August into September.
He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well.
Shakspeares are rarer than Napoleons.
1) 表人名: When we use Mr. / Mrs./ Captain/ Doctor etc, + a name, we do not use ‘the’
William Shakespeare/ Miss Smith/ Queen Elizabeth/ Mama/ Papa/ Cook/ Nurse/ Uncle Tom/ Princess Sue
2) 表地名: We use ‘mount’, ‘lake’ without ‘the’. We do not use ‘the’ with names of most streets/ roads/ squares/ parks, etc
continents: Africa/ Europe
countries: France
states, regions: Texas
islands: Hainan Island
cities, towns: New York City
mountains: Mount Qomolangma/ Lake Superior
Cape Town 开普敦/ Pearl Harbour/ Wall Street/ Madison Avenue/ Hyde Park/ Westminster Abbey/ Canterbury Cathedral/ Holy Mother Church/ Windsor Castle 温莎城堡/ Union Street/ Fifth Avenue/ Times Square/ Waterloo Bridge
3) 表机构、院校: many names (especially names of important buildings and institutions) are two words:
Kennedy Airport/ Cambridge University
The first word is usually the name of a person or a place. We do not usually use the’ with names like these.
Congress/ Parliament/ Government/ Oxford University/ Harvard University/ Beijing University
4) 表月份、星期、节日、季节
New Year’s Eve/ Christmas Day (/ Eve) / Thanksgiving/ National Day/ New Year’s Day/ Women’s Day/ May Day/ Children’s Day/ Monday… Sunday/January…December/ spring/ summer/ autumn/ winter/ fall/ The Spring Festival/ the Mid-Autumn Festival/ midnight/ midday/ noon
He went to America in / August, 1998.
He went to America in the August of 1998.
I usually get up late on Sundays.
The story happened on a Sunday.
5) 表星体及其他
Mercury 水星/ Venus 金星/ Mars/ Polaris 北极星/ Scorpion 天蝎座/ Little Bear 小熊座/ God/ Heaven/ Holy Writ 圣经/ Genisis 创世纪
4.7 零冠词用于固定短语
give way 让路/ in time 及时/ take part in/ lose heart/ catch fire/ make way 前进/ change course 改变方向/ mount guard 上岗/ change gear 换档/ send word 捎信/ delay sentence/ set sail/day and night/ mouth to mouth/by chance/ on hand/ by day/ out of date/ from beginning/ in charge/ in fear/ on foot/ in front of/ on account of 因为/ in spite of / in place of /catch sight of/ make sure of/ do duty for 当……用/take hold of/ find fault with 挑剔/ take exception to 反对/ go to bed/ be in bed/ go to work/ be at work/ start work/ finish work/ go home/ come home/ arrive home/ be at home/ go to sea= go on a voyage/ be at sea= be on a voyage/ at night/ pen and ink/ husband and wife/ host and guest/ master and servant/ father and son/ sun and moon/ face to face/ side by side/ shoulder to shoulder/ hand in hand/ heart and soul/ neck and neck不分上下/ step by step/ from top to bottom/ at noon/ at dawn/ at dusk/ at daybreak/ at night/ at midnight
4.8 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格时，使用零冠词
Our school is a famous middle school.
4.9 在三餐、球类、棋类运动中不用冠词
What do you usually have for lunch?
Football is played all over the world.
Let’s play chess together.
*** a/ an + adj. + breakfast/ lunch/ dinner
We have a very nice lunch.
4.10 有些词组使用冠词与否与意义有关
in front of / in the front of
sit at table 吃饭/ sit at the table 坐在桌旁
out of question= without question/ out of the question= impossible
go to school (prison, university, hospital, church) / go to the school (prison, university, hospital, church)
take place/ take the place of
in open= in public / in the open= outside
by day= in the daytime/ by the day
in charge of/ in the charge of
in future/ in the future
in sight of 能看见/in the sight of 据……的见解
on watch值班/on the watch 留神
in secret= secretly/ in the secret= already known
in place of/ in the place of
be of age成年/ be of an age = be of the same age
take advice= ask for advice/ take the advice= follow one’s advice
4.11 noun+ number
Our train leaves from Platform 5.
Room 123/ page 128/ Section A
4.12 Most people like George.
The most boys of our school
Most of the students
4.13 many/ several/ some/ no/ one/ few + such + zero article + noun.
no such person= not such a person
4.14 by + noun/ in + a(n) + noun
by +air/ plane/ car/ telephone/ e-mail/ radio
in a +car/ plane/ train/ boat
on a bus
by the+ hour/ meter/ pound/ dozen
by weight/ length
a/ an/ the/ 零冠词的区别
1. 类指和特指
1) 类指
类指式表示类别, 也就是泛指一类人或物. 不论是顶冠词还是不定冠词和零冠词都具有这种功能.
the + 单数可数名词 常用于正式语体中。
the + adj./ doing/ p.p. 表示类别或抽象概念
a/ an + 单数可数名词表类别
零冠词+ 复数可数名词/ 不可数名词，表示一类人或物
The horse has been replaced by the railroad, the windship by the steamship.
The sick have been cured, the lost have been found, and the dead have been revived（复活）.
An ox is a useful animal.
Doctors are badly needed at the front.
Electricity is a form of energy.
2）特指
特指不同于类指，它不是泛指一类人或物，而是特指一类人或物中的具体对象。这里有两种情况：一种是非常明确地指出何人或何物，这叫做确定特指。定冠词常用作这种用法。另一种情况是非确定特指，这也是特指具体对象，但不是很明确。不定冠词常作这种用法。
We own a dog and a cat. The dog is brown, and the cat is white. (特指上文提到过的猫和狗)
There is a letter for you.(指一封特定的信件，但不明确是谁写来的)
the meaning of new words
2. a/ an 放在某人的职业、工作前
Sandra is a nurse. √ Sandra is nurse. ×
I turned nurse.
I turned into a nurse.
I became a nurse.
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