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考研英语翻译冲刺最怕光看不练

时间:2023-01-07 08:34:00 其他范文 收藏本文 下载本文

下面小编给大家整理的考研英语翻译冲刺最怕光看不练,本文共9篇,欢迎阅读与借鉴!

考研英语翻译冲刺最怕光看不练

篇1:考研英语翻译冲刺最怕光看不练

考研英语翻译冲刺最怕光看不练

距离全国硕士生入学考试初试只有不到60天的时间了,很多同学对于各科的复习已经有了一定的基础,但是对于考研英语来说,我们如何的进行复习和练习可能都会觉得不足以让考研考试变得更加的容易。针对考研英语的复习,很多同学是复习的时间越长遇到的问题越多,在此为大家解答下载最后的考研冲刺阶段如何解决英语复习中遇到的各种问题。

在考研复习中我们通常都比较重视考研英语,复习的时间都比较早。考研英语考试可以说是整个考研科目中比较容易的,真是最好复习的科目,不需要额外计算,不需要多余思考,只要“死记硬背”就好,这样想的人可能在初期就开始背诵,但是对于英语的翻译,阅读和写作下的功夫却不深。

英语最重要的东西其实光靠背诵不能真正的正握,总结起来就是翻译阅读真题。这里强调翻译真题不是心中翻译,而是要写在纸上,跟原文翻译好好对照。

在此我们强调翻译一定要做,动手动笔的去做,而不能只读,读翻译是没有任何用处的。有时觉得没有生词了,感觉看懂了,然后就看答案,觉得答案的意思就是自己所理解的`,从而造成自己会翻译的幻觉。其实很多时候都是自己大概想对了一个方向,然后看到答案的关键字句与自己想的方向差不多,就自认为正确,殊不知在遣词造句的时候,具体要用到哪个词,行文应该如何组织,这些都是翻译要考查的内容。

我们一般在考试时,都会将答题顺序打乱,给大题留下最后的时间来做。但是翻译和写作这样的主观题,如果没有时间完成,连猜测的机会也没有,白白丢掉大好的得分机会。在做翻译时,建议按照文章的顺序阅读,非划线部分略读,明白大致意思,当读到划线部分的时候要特别注意语句上下文的联系,尤其是句子中如果有不定代词,一定要弄清楚它所指代的对象是什么。

我们在做完翻译题之后,要养成检查的习惯,虽然乍看浪费时间,其实这是给你理解的时间,有时一次两次的阅读不足以让你理解句子的意思。可以查词典,翻阅语法工具书,分析英语句子的关系。有的考生将翻译失分归结在词汇问题上,其实很多时候题目中没有生词,考生对语法结构、固定搭配的不熟悉,也会导致翻译失分。在查字典的过程中,还可以训练自己的联想组织能力,即假定一个状态,题目的单词都能看懂,但是连起来就不知道是什么意思。

翻译题主要考察我们主观的理解能力,对于翻译题的作答不像其他题一样一眼就能明白出题点在哪里。而且翻译题的对错评断也评断,检查时要多思考语句。平时多多的理解句子结构和长单词的翻译。

篇2:考研冲刺 如何快速搞定英语翻译

考研冲刺 如何快速搞定英语翻译

一个西瓜,我们不能抱着直接啃,至少要砍几刀,最后整体消灭。考研翻译的句子基本都是“混血儿”,并列句,复合句杂糅一起,因此我们需要解构,顾名思义,就是分清划线句子的语法结构关系,把句子砍成一块一块的形式,从而各个击破。大家必须要火眼金睛,像X光一样,通过真题不断加强练习,达到一种“快速透视”的程度。

英语是一种“形合语言”

很多同学认为词汇没有掌握,结构不可能懂。其实词汇和结构相对来讲,是两个不同的方面。英语是一种形合语言,即英语比较注重表面上的形式化,比如大家会发现,英语当中的任何从句都有一个共同的特点,就是都包含有连接词,而连接词诸如that,which等都是我们的中小学词汇,因此即使一个长难句有些词汇不懂,你也完全可以将结构划分清楚。在翻译练习的过程中,同学更应该加强包含较多难词的句子的结构分析,这样才能更好训练我们的速度和眼力,达到考场上的`“快速透视”。建议临考前可以去听一下考研教育网的冲刺班、点题班,学习一下技巧跟方法,这样把握更大一些。

切割完句子,要进行重组

切割完的句子,我们需要进行翻译转换重组,此为建构。翻译时,在充分理解原文的基础上,需要根据中英文的差别,比如英语多被动,汉语多主动;英语多繁杂,汉语多简短;英语多替换,汉语多重复等,采取适当的方法策略,比如增省词法,重换词法,倒译转译法等灵活处理,最终达到一种归化的翻译形式,准确,通顺。建构过程中,要注意三点:一是翻译首先是理解,其次是传达。准确的理解才能有准确的表达。二是语境的作用。翻译时,有的单词看似温和,实则暗藏杀机。这需要注意的是词义的选择和引申。三是何为归化翻译,归化旨在尽量减少译文中的异国情调,为目的语读者提供一种自然流畅的译文。这和大纲要求基本是一致的。说白了,就是写出来的形式上是中文,意义上也必须是中文。最后是校对。最后一步,要检查核对一下。比如有没有漏掉信息,表达是否通顺,汉字书写是否规范等。

考研翻译最重要的三元素就是语法,词汇,以及方法。材料选择以真题为主;翻译时重点直译,适当意译。考生如果有欠缺的地方要抓紧时间查缺补漏,这样才能在考场上所向披靡。

篇3:考研英语翻译冲刺复习巩固

考研英语翻译冲刺复习巩固

各位考研同学:考研复习,到了最辛苦最忙乱最难熬的时期了。希望你们挺住,坚持下去。

我这里,把考研来75句话,用这种最简单的形式列在下面,以便大家复习。注意,这个材料是用来复习的,就是已经完成了某些句子,才能用这个材料来复习。怎么复习,很简单。

首先,问自己是否认识句子中的`每一个单词,尤其是这个单词的本义和上下文意思。比如说吧,modify(61题),可能你记的“修饰、修改”,但是这里由于上文是“人类”,下文是“环境”,所以要翻译为“改造、改变”。

其次,问自己是否知道这句话中每一个单词的成分和上下修饰关系。比如说,还是modify这个词吧。要知道to modify…是一个不定式短语,modify后面还带了宾语“环境”。这个不定式短语修饰“能力”,可以翻译到中心词前:“有改造环境的能力”,但是由于modify的宾语“环境”后面带了定于从句,所以,最好把这个不定式短语直接翻译在后面,即:人类有能力去改造…。

就依靠这两点来复习每一个句子,大家懂了吗?祝福你们,靠努力来换成功。

英译汉试题

(71)Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.

(72)This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

(73)This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.

(74)However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascinating and delightful aspects.

(75)New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.

英译汉试题

(71)Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.

(72)Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.

(73)It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.

(74)Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.

(75)When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.

英译汉试题

(71)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

(72)The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.

(73)Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.

(74)If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.

(75)Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.

英译汉试题

(71) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.

(72) Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. (73)During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

(74) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.

(75) It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.

英译汉试题

(71) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. (72)Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.

(73)Owing to the remarkable development in mass communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.

(74) in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization―with all the far reaching changes in social patterns that followed―was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.

(75)Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements―themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.

考研频道。

篇4:考研英语翻译冲刺英译汉七步走

考研英语翻译冲刺英译汉七步走

硕士研究生距离考试时间的锣鼓已经紧密的敲响了,考生们攒足了劲做最后的冲刺拼搏,对于考研英语冲刺复习英语阅读和作文的加强练习但也不能遗忘了英译汉部分,该部分5个小题占有10分的分值,所以同学们不能小瞧这些分值,这对于同学们步入自己理想的院校起到了至关重要的作用,下面考研英语辅导专家王老师对英译汉部分复习做了详细的冲刺复习指导,希望同学们好好复习。

在2014考研英语大纲公布后,无论是英语一还是英语二,其中都有很多是必考题型,英译汉一直在考试中占有很重要的位置。主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个画线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要求译文准确、完整、通顺。首先说英语一中的英译汉,一般是阅读理解部分的Part C,题型是提供一篇约400词的文章,在5个句子下面划线,并且这5个句子往往是长难句,每一个句子2分,要求考生将画线句子译成中文,而文章内容抽象,语言结构比较复杂,考查考生对复杂语言结构和复杂长难句的分析能力。 而英语二的考试中有单独的英译汉部分,要求考生阅读、理解长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落,并将其全部译成汉语,翻译量与英语(一)基本相同,但是由于这是一个完整的语段理解和翻译,句子有长有短、有难有易,因此,与英语一5个划线的长难句相比,难度要小很多,而且采分点比较分散,有些很简单的句子也是采分点,考生将其翻译正确即可得分。

英译汉七步走:

正确理解原文后,接下来就是翻译。关键是综合运用各种翻译方法将英文的原意忠实的表达出来。关于翻译,有直译和意译两种方法,只是我们很多人都没有理解直译和意译的区别,从以上所谈的英汉区别可知,不可能存在绝对的直译,因为毕竟两种语言相差太大,任何直译都是经过一定变通之后的直译,但有的人以为这便是意译是错误的,意译一般在文学翻译中才会出现。要做好翻译,关键要有正确的`翻译意识,前面所说的技巧是必须用的,把握了这一点,也就具备了做好英语翻译题的前提。主要有如下翻译技巧。

1. 分译法。翻译部分句子,大多为复杂从句,而汉语中没有与之一一对应的从句,因此,要翻译出来让人看懂,就必须将其拆开,分译成各个单句。

2. 转译法。很多被动语态如果机械的翻成被动语态,可能会让人看了觉得别扭,因此需要转为主动态。此外,还有否定转译等各种情况。

3. 添减词法。由于英汉两种语言的差异,在英文看上去比较正常的句子,译成汉语时,如果不或增或减一些词可能无法把英文的原意表达出来,这样就需要适当地运用添减词法。

4. 单复数译法。单复数要译出。如“birds in the tree.”可译为“树上的鸟儿们”。

5. 时态的译法。英语中有专门表示时态的句子成分,而汉语则没有,因此,有时必须加一些表时间的副词,如“了,在“等。

6. 代词的译法。代词一般需要转译成名词,即把其所指代的意义译出。

7. 人名地名的译法。知道的可以译出来,不知道就保持原文。

我们在做题的同时应该明白考题的出题思路,明白命题的原则就可以简单的将考题看透吃透,答题也更加容易。英译汉部分的命题指导思想是适当降低英译汉文章的难度,以便要求考生在对文章深层次理解的同时,掌握并运用最基本的英译汉技巧。英译汉试题命制的基本原则是避免内容不健康的、带有各种偏见的语言材料;试题无科学性错误;侧重运用能力的考查。英译汉部分的评分标准,英语(二) 大纲对考试内容第三部分的英译汉表述是“考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。要求译文准确、完整、通顺”。所谓“准确”即要求译文能准确地表达原文的内容和观点,不得随意增补,不能遗漏,不能加入自己的立场观点。所谓“完整、通顺”则是指译文语言合乎汉语的规范和语言习惯,不要有语病、错别字,力求做到明白通畅。

篇5:考研英语翻译冲刺必背词汇

20

46) articulate 清晰的表达,

47) by all accounts根据、根据报道;by one’s own account根据某人自己所说,let alone更别提,

48) intensity紧张,abruptly突然地,sudden突然,soft柔和的,passage段落,rarely很少、几乎不,composer作曲家,compose作曲、编写,

49) associate联系,

50) suffer遭受, inevitable不可避免, render转换、使变成;

46) strike打、震撼,for all尽管,style风格,urge需求、督促、鼓励,decoration装饰,

47) sacred神圣的,crude原始、粗糙,as opposed to与相反,shelter避难所,

48) in effect实际上,urban城市,discernible容易看出的,discern看出、识别,

49) blame批评,

50) implicit隐含的,explicit明确的,reference谈到、提及、参考,synthetic人造的;

46) impulse冲动,unification统一、一致, generative生产的、生成的,generate产生,

47) constrain力劝、强迫、限制,constraint限制,

48) filter过滤, cognitive认知的,

49) empirical实证的、根据经验得到的, bias偏见,

50) track跟踪;

46) erroneous错误的,error错误,

47) sustain支持、维持,illusion幻觉,conscious有意识的,

48) justification合理,借口,justify证明是公正的,rationalization合理,exploitation剥削、开发, bottom底,

49) circumstance环境,

50) upside积极的、正面的,contain包含,be up to取决于,array展示、陈列、一系列;

46) rescue拯救,to the effect that大意是说,failed to不能,

47) intrinsic内在的、固有的,regardless of不管,presence出席,absence缺席,

48)creature生物,species物种,

49) ecologically生态的,as such本身、相应的,

50)eliminate根除, element因素,commercial商业的;

46) institution机构、学院,original原始的,motive动机

47) by-product副产品,directive指导的,factor因素

48) ignore忽视,ignorance无知,contact联系,disposition性情、安排,

49) cannot help禁不住,secure确保,

50) tuition学费、讲授;

篇6:考研英语翻译冲刺阶段的复习秘诀

(一)否定主语转换为否定谓语

No energy can be created, and none destroyed.能量既不能创造,也不能毁灭。

No sound was heard.没有听到声音。

Neither plan is practicable.两个方案都行不通。

(二)否定谓语转换为否定状语

He doesn’t study in the classroom.他不在教室里学习。

I was not playing all the time.我并不是一直都在玩。

The woman did not come here to ask us for help.这位妇女来这儿不是为了求得我们的帮助。

Metals do not change their form as easily as plastic bodies do.金属不像塑料物体那样容易变形。

(三)否定主句的谓语转换为否定宾语从句的谓语

1.常常出现在动词think, believe, except, suppose, imagine, reckon, fancy, anticipate, figure等后面的宾语从句中。

I don’t think that they must have arrived there by now.我认为他们现在一定还没有到达那里。

I don’t suppose they will object to my suggestion.我想他们不会反对我的建议的。

I didn’t imagine that he would go abroad.我料想他不会出国了。

2.当有view, wish, belief, thought, opinion等名词作主句的表语从句时

It is not my opinion that he is the best man for the job.我认为他并不是做这项工作的最佳人选。

It is not my thought that he can finish the work within a week.我认为他不可能在一周内完成这项工作。

It is not my wish that you should break your word.我希望你不要违背诺言。

(四)主句的否定转换为从句的否定

She did not come because she wanted to see me.她并非因为想见我才来。

You should not despise him because he is young.你不应该因为他年轻就轻视他。

篇7:考研英语翻译冲刺阶段的复习秘诀

一、副词插入语

Apparently, it is going to rain.很明显,要下雨了。

Fortunately, I passed the examination.幸运的是,我通过了考试。

Incidentally, your proposal has been put to the discussion at the meeting.顺便说一句,你的建议已经提交会议进行讨论了。

He was luckier, however, because he was only slightly wounded.然而,他比较幸运,因为他只是受了点轻伤。

He is young. He has much experience in teaching English, though.他很年轻,但是他有丰富的英语教学经验。

二、形容词短语作插入语

一般翻译为“…的是,…”这样的结构。

Most important of all, computers create wide communication around the world.最重要的是,计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。

I slept late yesterday morning; worse still, my bike was out of order.昨天早上我起得晚。更糟糕的是,我的自行车坏了。

Strange enough, he doesn’t know that famous writer.奇怪的是,他竟然不知道那位著名的作家。

三、介词短语作插入语

all in all(总而言之),as a matter of fact(事实上),as a result(结果),at worst(在最坏的情况下),by the way(顺便说一句),first of all(首先),for example(例如),in conclusion(总之,最后),in fact(事实上),in effect(实际上),in my opinion(依我我看来,我认为),in other words(换句话说,换言之),in short(简言之),to my delight(让我高兴的是),to one’s amazement(使某人惊讶的是),to one’s deep regret(使某人深感遗憾的是),to one’s relief(使某人感到欣慰的是),to one’s surprise(使某人感到吃惊的是)等。

China, in fact, has caught up with and surpassed the world advanced levels in many respects.事实上,中国已经在许多方面赶上和超过了世界先进水平。

What happen to him, by the way?顺便问一句,他后来怎么样了?

All in all, her condition is greatly improved.总之,他的健康状况已经大大的改善了。

四、不定式短语作插入结构

so to speak(可以这样说),to tell you the truth(老实对你说),to be frank(说句实话),to begin with(首先),to start with(首先),to be more exact(更确切地说),to sum up(总之,概括地说),to put it briefly(简单说来),to put it in another way(换句话说),to make a long story short(长话短说),to say the least of it(至少可以这样说),needless to say(不用说),strange to say(说来奇怪),to conclude(总之,最后),to be sure(可以肯定的说),to be specific(具体说来),to be precise(准确地说),to speak frankly(坦白地说)等等。

To tell you the truth, I haven’t bought anything for a year. 老实对你说,我一年来什么东西都没有买过。

It wasn’t a very good dinner, to say the least of it.至少可以这样说,这次宴会并不成功。

The movie, to be frank, moved me to tears.坦白地说,这部电影把我感动得流下了眼泪。

She wrote, to be exact, ten novels in her lifetime.确切地说,她一生写了十部小说。

五、分词短语作插入结构

considering…(考虑到),all things considered(从整体来看),allowing for…(考虑到),generally speaking(一般说来),judging from…(从...来判断),putting it another way(换句话说),roughly speaking(大体说来),taking account of…(考虑到),taking all things into consideration(全面看来),taking… as an example(以…为例),talking of…(说道),speaking of…(说道),strictly speaking(严格地说)等等。

Judging from the handwriting, it should be written by our teacher.从字迹上判断,这应该是我们老师写的。

Generally speaking, she’s not quite fit for this kind of work.总的来说,他不太适合做这种工作。

You managed the project very well, considering your inexperience.考虑到你缺乏经验,你对这个项目的处理得已经很好了。

六、主谓结构作插入结构

I think(我认为),I hope(我希望),I guess(我想),I’m afraid(恐怕),I believe(我认为,我相信),I suppose(我想,我认为),I wonder(我想知道),you see(你应该明白),you know(你知道),don’t you think(难道你不认为),don’t you know(难道你不知道),I tell you(我告诉你),it seems(似乎),it seems to me(在我看来,这似乎),it is said(据说),it is suggested(有人认为)等等。

The man, I think, does not deserve the prize.我认为,那个人不应该得奖。

The air is rather refreshing, I suppose.我想,那里的空气应该很宜人。

Honesty, I believe, is her virtue.我认为,诚实是她的美德。

七、what we call句型作插入结构

似的句型还有:what we used to call, what is called, what they described as, what can be called, what they regarded as, as we call it, as we know it等。通常翻译为“所谓的…”,可以按照英语原文顺序直接翻译。

He is what we call a walking dictionary.他就是所谓的活字典。

Most of what they regarded as geniuses are successful only because they have made extraordinary effort.大部分所谓的天才是由于付出了非凡的努力才获得成功的。

篇8:考研英语翻译冲刺阶段的复习秘诀

一读最多只能花四分钟里面的30秒钟,一读的目的是拆分句子,即断句。

断句点有哪些?连词、介词、引导词。最好的断句方法是根据英语的语法来找出主句、从句,找出主语,找出谓语。

The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally legal learning has been viewed in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law. ?

If the study of law is beginning to establish as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflection on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.?

(48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.?

Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50)While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.?

二读:拿到一句话最多只能看30秒钟,就要开始写汉字了。二读的目的就是要打草稿了。二读是以一小节一小节为主。

(46) Traditionally legal learning has been viewed /in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers, /rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. 译文:在这些学院中传统的法律学习被认为是律师的专业受过教育的人的知识储备的必要部分。

preserve 保存

三读英语:三读的目的就是连汉字。首先应该注意顺序原则。注意适当调整的同时,适当增减。还可以进行同义替换。最后是书写译文。

需要注意的:1.有意义的单词都用汉字写下来。2.还是首先按照英语的顺序连接,英语不通时,再按汉语顺序连接。

(47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner /which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis /as they cover and comment on the news.

它以一种方式把这些概念和日常现实联系在一起,这种联系是与记者在日常的新闻报道和新闻评论时所形成的

cover news cover在这儿是报道的意思

comment 评论

四读的是汉语,花三至四秒钟。四读汉语的目的就是修改译文。

修改译文的角度:1.看看是否有漏译、错译。主干结构的词即主语谓语宾语是不能漏掉的。2.看看汉语是否有错别字,是否通顺。3.同义替换,改变顺序,适当增减。

如:purely abstract 就应已成及其抽象,而不能已成纯粹抽象

63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.

make 使得

unique 独特

distinctly 本意是区别 distinctly important 是极其重要的意思

如何如修改?适当改变顺序,适当增加或同义替换,适当增减。

(48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

译文:记者必须比普通市民更了解法律,这种观点取决于新闻媒体的已经建立的惯例以及特殊责任的理解。

profoundly 更深刻地

rests on 取决于

48) On the other hand, he did not accept as,/well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, /while he was a good observer, /he had no power of reasoning.

他不接受一些批评家对他的指责,

charge 指责、指控

他不接受一些批评家对他的指责:虽然他善于观察,但他却没有推理能力,他认为这毫无依据。

charge 指责、指控 well-founbded 有依据的。

篇9:考研英语翻译冲刺掌握三大命题特点

考研英语翻译冲刺掌握三大命题特点

2014考研英语翻译冲刺掌握三大命题特点,考研英语将“英译汉”作为一种题型是十分科学的,它积极地、实事求是地考查了学生词汇、语法、阅读理解、逻辑思维和中文表达水平等综合能力。其句子具有长难句多,结构复杂,用词灵活,专业术语多等特点。

考研英语翻译部分主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个画线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要求译文准确、完整、通顺。虽然该部分只占有10分的分值,但很少有同学能拿满分,英译汉文章的体裁以议论文为主,内容涉及社会生活、科普、文化、历史、地理、政治、经济等方面,以社科领域为走势。所以建议同学们关注下当前热点话题。

明确三大命题特点:

1. “结构较复杂”:可理解为英语中的常见句法、核心语法理解的考察;

2. “概念较复杂”:即考研文章中学术材料中所涉及到的复杂概念、专业术语、高频功能性词组等。并且需要考生在整体理解和把握了语篇材料全文的基础上,进行译文的选择。

3. “准确、完整、通顺”:除了对上述文字材料的正确理解之外,还考察考生的汉语表达能力,即对输出语--汉语(Target Language)的驾驭能力。

考研英语将“英译汉”作为一种题型是十分科学的,它积极地、实事求是地考查了学生词汇、语法、阅读理解、逻辑思维和中文表达水平等综合能力。其句子具有长难句多,结构复杂,用词灵活,专业术语多等特点。

众所周知,词汇是任何一种语言的最小元素。名词在翻译中至关重要,在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。由于英译汉文章题材的特点,考生通常对专业术语和人名地名的翻译,产生困扰。

专业术语多是科普性文章的特点和标志。我们拿1998年翻译73题为例:

Astrophysicists workingwith ground-based detectors at the South pole and balloon-borne instruments areclosing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon。

在这道题中,astrophysicists是天体物理学家,由前缀 astro- 加physicist构成。很多同学知道physicist是物理学家,却不能识别前缀astro表示天体的含义,无法正确翻译这个名词。在 ground-based detector中,detector这个名词既可以指人,表示发现者,探测者,又可以指物,表示探测器或检验器。如何判断它的正确释义,就是参照上下文提供的线索。我们可以看出ground-based detectors和balloon-borneinstruments是并列关系,而instrument是仪器,那么detector在这里就一定是探测器。

其次,人名地名的出现也是科普类文章的一大特点。1994年的真题,提到了Galileo, 2008年有Darwin, 2001年还出现了Pearson. 对于这些人名的翻译,老师将其归纳为“家喻户晓型”和“鲜为人知型”。遇到Galileo,Darwin等知名人士,要采取普遍、公认的译法,不可自由发挥。而对Pearson这种不为人熟知的人名,则可采用音译的方法,必要时可用括号引入原词,作为补充或说明。

翻译强化冲刺基本方法

考生在掌握以上语法知识点、准确把握理解句子之后,应当掌握一些基础考点的翻译方法,否则很难用通顺流畅的汉语进行表达,因此,考生应当掌握和熟悉英汉语言的主要差异,学习基本的翻译方法,比如定语从句等各种从句的翻译方法、非谓语动词的翻译方法,以及插入语的位置、被动语态的表达、语序的调整等等。这样才能使表达符合汉语语言习惯,才能使译文流畅,达到大纲“准确、完整、通顺”的要求。

考研翻译在考场上做题时间不超过20分钟,可利用秒表计时,形成对时间的.感觉,培养做题节奏。并且通过计时,可以精确了解自己在考研英语各个题型上所需的时间,有利于考场上从容不迫地完成全部试题。

因为翻译题目是主观题型,即使在真实的考试中官方给出的满分答案也不可能与“标准答案”字字对应、一字不差。因此,考生在核对自己的译文与答案的差距时,不要关注由于汉语的语汇丰富性所带来的“同义表述”所造成的差别,而应关注自己的译文与标准译文和原文之间所表达的语言内涵之间的差别。并且按照考研翻译试题的分段给分点,估算自己的译文版本能获得的成绩。

最后在考研强化冲刺阶段最主要的是调整好心态,考研是知识、身体状况和心理状况和安排四种的结合体,如果四者结合的特别好才能达到事半功倍的效果。

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