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你的托福听力细节题知道这些就够了

时间:2022-10-09 08:32:08 其他范文 收藏本文 下载本文

下面是小编为大家整理的你的托福听力细节题知道这些就够了,本文共5篇,以供大家参考借鉴!

你的托福听力细节题知道这些就够了

篇1:你的托福听力细节题知道这些就够了

你的托福听力细节题知道这些就够了

细节题 (detail questions) 考查考生对托福听力对话或讲座重要细节的理解。50%的托福听力题是细节题。每一个托福对话或讲座都至少会出2~3到细节题。细节题主要考查与对话或讲座主旨相关的重要细节。

例如:重要概念的定义或解释,事物、现象或理论的特点,以及教授讲解时所列举的重要例子等等。

细节题常见的问题形式

1. What is X?

2. Which of the area does the picture illustrate?

3. According to the professor, what is one way that X can affect Y?

4. According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory?

5. Why does the university do X?

6. What resulted from the invention of the X?

7. Why does the professor mention...?

做题技巧

无论是托福听力对话还是讲座,做细节题的关键都是做好听力笔记,根据笔记做题。细节题更是极其依赖听力笔记的题型。细节题只考查重要细节,通常是与主旨相关的,不会考到很细小的细节。总之,需要关注概念解释、事物特征、比较、例子、因果转折后和强调后的内容,做好笔记。如果笔记做的不是很好,无法确定正确选项,就选择一个最符合会话或讲座主题的选项。

引出答案的信号词和信号句

1. 当教授用5W-H ( what, who, when, where, why, how)自问自答时,回答常常是细节题的答案。

2. 下定义或解释概念

That is why they are called...

Basically, what this says...

The general definition is...

... is know/defined as...

The term means...

3. 表建议

Why not/ Why don’t you...

You should...

What about/ How about...

You’d better...

I suggest / recommend...

Have you tried...

4. 表特征

The main feature(s)/ character(s)/ characteristic(s)/ is/ are...

Concerning X’s appearance...

X is made up of ...

They can.../ They can be used ...

5. 表转折

but, however, in fact,

actually, yet, while, unless...

6. 表强调

remember, keep in mind,

be sure to note that...,

pay special attention to...

7. 表举例

for example, for instance,

to exemplify, to illustrate,

let’s consider the case of...

8. 表因果

because (of), since,

due to, as a result of,

resulting from, that is why...

做题步骤

1. 查看笔记,要注意按照笔记所记细节的顺序找答案的位置,因为托福听力的出题顺序一般与录音顺序一致,即与笔记顺序一致。

2. 分析选项:将选项与笔记进行比较,通常答案都是笔记内容的同义替换。

3. 确定答案

Tips 正确选项 VS 错误选项

正确:

1. 原文中对该专业词汇的正确解释

2. 原文重要细节的同义词替换

错误:

1. 虽然重复听力原文的原词,但偷换概念

2. 错误信息或是另外一题的信息

3. 文中根本就没有提到的信息

4. 不符合常识的答案

5. 用主旨题的信息答细节题

举个栗子:

Male Student: Oh, I see what you mean. Umm, is that that stuff about “hopping genes,” or something like that?

Female Student: Right. Although actually they’re called “jumping genes,” not “hopping genes.”

Male Student: Oh, OK. Jumping genes.

Female Student: Yeah, but they have another name, too, that I can’t think of. Umm... let me see if I can find it here in the book...

Male Student: I thank it’s probably on...

Female Student: Oh, OK. Here it is. Transposons. That’s what they’re called.

Male Student: Let me see. OK. Trans-po-sons, trans-posons. So“transposons” is another name for a jumping gene?

Female Student: Right. And these transposons are, you know, like, little bits od DNA that are able to move form one cell to another. That’s why they’re called “jumping genes.” They kind of, you know, “jump” from one cell to another.

Male Student: OK

According to the conversation, why are transposons sometimes called“jumping genes”?

A. They are able to move form one bacteria cell to another.

B. They are found in people with exceptional jumping ability.

C. They occur in every other generation of bacteria.

D. Their movements are rapid and unpredictable.

这是一道典型的考概念解释的细节题。问的是为什么 “transposons” 有时候也被叫做 “jumping genes”。

首先,对话里多次出现表示概念定义的信号词 “is called”, “name”,因此容易出概念解释方面的细节题。信号句后出现的重点概念 “jumping genes” 和“transposons” 及概念的解释 “And these transposons ... are able to move form one cell to another. ”

其次出现了原因信号词 “That’s why”,信号词后是重点:“ ‘jump’ from one cell to another”。同义词替换后得出正确选项为:“They are able to move form one bacteria cell to another”。

托福听力7大拦路虎 听抄可解决慢热状况

一、慢热

分析:做题时精力不够集中,不够紧张,导致题目已经开始自己还没反应过来,丢分!

解决方法提示:

1. 提前看题目,将要听的题目先看一下(所谓的热身),大脑里分析猜想一下。

2. 练习听抄(听写),因为听抄可以加强你对题目的敏感度及印象,让你对题目做出迅速的反应。

二、连错(连续错4个以上才叫做连错)

分析:听到一题,突然没把握选答案,心里便开始琢磨,开始研究自己刚才到底听到了什么,不愿意放弃,怎么着也想把答案选出来!最后导致后面的题接连的听不到,接连猜答案的情况循环出现,丢分!

解决方法提示:

1. 考试或者做练习时,要懂得放弃!这题没听明白就不要再去研究了,赶快将精力集中到下一题的准备中,你觉得丢一题好还是丢一堆题好呢?

2. 在平时的练习中听完后一定要回过头来分析这个让你连错的题,是什么类型,属于哪方面的原因导致了你对它的不直接反应。以后就要加强这类型题目或者原因的训练。

三、不知如何读题

解决方法提示:

1. 一般来说,在PART A 中,最好抢读2个选项再听,因为这样有助于让你心里有底,有谱。(听的时候就可以放心主要听声音,不盯着题目看也行)PART B,C中最好将所有题目都扫一遍,分析出此段子大概将要讲的是哪方面的内容,目的也是为了让你心里有谱,可以根据自己的知识展开联想,到时候听起来就会顺利很多。

2. 将这类型的题目全都集中到一起来听,来分析,自然就会有进步开窍了。

四、听力习语障碍

分析:很多朋友可以很好的听懂PART A的每个单词,但在回答部分,一听到习语就不知所措。

解决方法提示:1. 不必要去专门花很多时间去背一本习语书,因为毕竟习语出现的数目还是小的,而且有时候还经常考重复的习语,更何况不一定考的就是你背的那本书里的。所以建议大家将往年考过的习语都归类总结一下,熟悉往年考过的习语就足够了。

2. 加强自己猜习语的能力。尽量要求自己能根据听到的内容将习语的意思

估计个大概出来,然后选答案。这就要注意听到的词,语气,和具体内容了。

五、觉得听懂但老错

分析:觉得自己明明似乎是听懂了这题,但一选出来答案就是错的,怎么想也想不明白。

解决方法提示:1。这种情况的出现大部分集中在 imply 和 infer题。因为有时候思考问题的角度不同,很容易造成一些以为自己听懂但推不出来的现象。这就需要大家自己去揣摩这类型的题到底是从怎样的角度去imply和infer的,有时候不能按照自己的思维去想问题,要分析真正的出题思路和外国人的思考方式。

六、一短就愣

分析:这类型问题出现在PART A极其严重!因为在PART A里很多时候答句就一句话搞定,这时候考生就愣了,还没反应过来刚才那句话,就开始问:What does the woman mean了。

解决方法提示:

1. 立即就从这短答句里判断出到底是YES还是NO,肯定或者否定的回答能帮助解题,特别是一些一般疑问句,有YES或NO的答案就差不多解题了。所以要第一时间反应出那短答句说的到底是肯定还是否定。

2. 结合语气,词汇来判断YES或者NO。

七、一长就晕

分析:这个问题就出要出现在PART B,C。因为是段子题,明显会比PART A长出来许多,这时候考生便出现走神,烦躁,精力无法集中漏题等现象。

解决方法提示:

1. 听段子题的时候视线不要离开题目,这能帮助你集中精力。

2. 听之前就开始看题,预测自己将要听到的段子大概是哪方面内容,这样听的时候自己会不自觉的去注意,也不那么晕或者走神了。

托福听力十原则 提建议的句子多为考点

1. 听见什么,选什么原则

该原则为“练习托福听力材料的十大黄金原则”之首,因为其它九大原则都建立在它的基础之上。

2.重复原则

听段子时,要特别注意那些“重复率高的词或概念”。因为重复率高的东西容易引起我们听者的注意。

毕竟托福的测试对象是我们这些把英语作为第二语言的人,所以ETS的考点也只能是那些对我们而言,通过努力能听懂的地方。段子中“重复率最高的词或概念”很可能就是这个段子的主题(TOPIC)。

3.建议原则

听段子时,要特别注意那些“含有建议含义的词或结构”。因为无论段子还是对话,建议的地方永远做考点。

历年TOEFL听力段子中最常考的建议类结构汇编:

1) You should

2) I suggest / I propose / I recommend

3) proposal / tips / suggestion / advice/ recommedation

4) had better do sth. / be better off doing sth.

5) How about…? / What about…?

6) Why not…? / Why don’t you…?

7) If I were you, I would…/ I wouldn’t…

8) Would it make things go faster if you…?

9) Maybe / Perhaps you…

10) How does … sound-

4. 强调原则

乍听上去,强调原则显得很笼统。其实具体可分为两大类:语义强调和语气、语调强调。语义强调包括含义强调、解释强调、举例强调、级别强调、结论强调、对比强调等六种。语气、语调强调包括重音强调、停顿强调、清晰强调等三种。

5.因果原则

听段子时,要特别注意那些“含有因果含义的词或结构”。因为无论段子还是对话,有因果的地方永远做考点。因果类标志词又可细分为原因类和结果类。

6.转折原则

听段子时,还要特别注意那些“含有转折含义的词或结构”。因为无论段子还是对话,转折的地方永远做考点。

历年TOEFL听力段子中最常考的转折类结构汇编:

1) but …

2) however …

3) nevertheless …

4) while …

5) yet …

6) unless …

7) except for …

8) actually …

9) in fact …

10) To tell you the truth …

11) practically …

12) virtually …

13) as a matter of fact …

7.问答原则

听段子时,还要特别注意那些“含有一问一答或自问自答形式的句子或结构”。往往问题就会做为考题,而对问题的回答就是考点所在,即正确答案的出处。

8.开头原则

听段子时,要特别注意听清“段子开头的一两句话”。往往TOPIC(主题)会在这一带出现,而主题必为考点。

9.尾巴原则

同样,还要特别注意听清“段子结束时的一两句话”。往往CONCLUSION(结论)会在这一带出现,而结论也必为考点。

10. 人名原则

听段子时,不论是文科段还是理科段,只要出现人名的地方,往往“埋伏着”考点。因为后面必有一道题会问这个人的地位、作用和所做出的特殊贡献。故含有人名之处必为考点。

篇2:四六级知道这些听力技巧就足够了

听力真题训练的6个步骤:

听题步骤

⊙预读选项

⊙完整听题

⊙对答案

⊙跟读模仿

⊙裸听

⊙再次跟读裸听

之前已经详细用真题示范过了预读选项的要点,今天就来讲讲听题过程中的必知的一些原则。

首先,在题目设置上,命题常见3大原则:

1. 顺序原则

听力出题的顺序和听到的内容顺序一致:都是从前往后顺序出现的。做题时应该根据顺序原则定位。

2. 同义替换

正确选项和对应的听力原文答案句存在同义替换现象,六级听力中尤其常见。

3. 转折处常设出题点

语音语调变化,如升降调表疑问、表转折等处常设考点。

相应地在做题时,应该注重抓听以下标志词:

最高级标志词

The most/ chief / primary / main / leading

唯一级标志词

only / unique / prefer / perfect

逻辑关系词

1)注意表示转折和对比的逻辑词:but,however,nevertheless,while,in fact,whereas,unexpectedly,unfortunately,yet,except,on the other hand,compared to,unlike,instead,in contrast to等

2)注意表示因果的逻辑词:as a result;since,due to;because of;therefore,thus,so

3)注意表示否定的逻辑词:not,no,rarely,seldom,never

4)表让步的逻辑词:despite, in spite of, although, though

转折、因果、否定部分的内容一般是说话人强调的内容,也是考试的重点,所以当我们听到表示这些逻辑关系的词汇时,一定要注意记笔记,一般就是答案区间所在。

序数项标志词

first/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand

总结项标志词

all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short

此外,听题时还要着重注意以下3大原则的内容:

一、强调原则:

(1)含义强调:specially,especially,indeed,certainly,only,certainly

(2)解释原则:which is,that is,which means,that is to say

(3)举例强调:for example,for instance,such as,illustrate

(4)结论强调:above all,in short,in a word,in conclusion,all in all,in brief

(5)重复强调:短文中重复率很高的词或者概念往往就是该短文的主题。

二、结尾原则:

在文章读到最后,问题开始读中间会有一定时间的停顿。这个停顿相当重要,使得我们明确文章结束以及最后说的什么。

结尾也容易设置考点,询问事情的最终结果。

三、观点原则:

需要注意文章中表示观点的句子,通常出现在例子之前,某人或机构的看法。

这些句子通常带有以下特征:

①Scientist/ psychologist/ expert/professor 做主语

②Believe/found/ estimate/point out/suggest/mean/explain 做谓语

③Research/ studies/,survey/ finding 做主语

④Indicate/show/review/are/explain/prove/ mean/ 做谓语

5大原则帮你敲定正确答案

第一招:相近原则

当选项中有两项表达意思相近时,那么正确答案必在这两项之中!这时只需稍微听一听对话,即可知答案,如果出现了双重相关,便可直接确认正确选项,只需听完对话加之认证一下即可!

典型真题:6月六级听力第10题

A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees' wages.

B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees.

C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations.

D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals.

分析:A、B两项均含有they will feel和employees,相比其他两项更具相关性,正确答案应该在A和B选项中。

第二招:相反原则

当选项中有两项表达意思相反时,那么正确答案必在这两项之中!

典型真题:206月四级听力第11题

A) It poses a challenge to seniors.

B) It saves both time and money.

C) It is childish and unprofessional.

D) It is cool and convenient.

分析:C、D选项结构一样,表达意义相反。正确答案应该在C和D选项中。

还以上面这道4级真题为例,听力原文如下:

W: He said he'd never text message. He thinks it's very childish and unprofessional to text message.

M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It's considered pretty informal to text message someone.

刚才我们通过相近相反原则已经确定答案在C和D中,听到childish and unprofessional可以直接选出。

C) It is childish and unprofessional.

D) It is cool and convenient.

提醒:如果有2个选项均有多个单词被读到,那么标记被读到的单词次数。哪个选项单词被读到的次数最多,哪个就是正确选项!

第四招:概括、抽象保留原则

当选项中出现比较概括、抽象的句子时,这时我们就要把表述事实的、具体的句子划掉,而去选择表概、抽象、比较性的句子!此原则可衍生出一个包含取大的原则,在作题时应用也是十分的广泛,一般当两个选项的意思接近时,表述比较全面的一般为正确选项!

典型例题:

A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.

B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.

C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.

D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.

分析:A、C、D均为表述事实的句子,只有B项为对比、比较的句子,较之A、C、D项更为抽象的表述了一件事情,所以B项为正确选项!

第五招:态度和虚拟保留原则

这两种方法一般无单独命题的规律性,只是作为上述四种宏观方法的辅助方法出现,当只剩下两个选项时,通常正态度的选项容易是正确答案,表虚拟的选项更容易是正确答案!

[四六级知道这些听力技巧就足够了]

篇3:托福听力细节题解题技巧

托福听力细节题解题技巧

一. 托福听力细节题通常是怎么提问的?

托福听力细节题的提问方式通常有三种,分别是:

What point does the professor make when he mentions X.X.X?

According to the professor, what have the researchers agreed on?

What does the professor say about X.X.X?

二.托福听力细节题有哪些解题技巧?(实例解析)

细节题的出题点比较固定,只要你能听出提示词,抓住相关的大部分内容,那么细节题还是很容易得分的。细节题的出题点大概分为如下几个方面:

1.对听力中的example提问

对话或者讲座中的举例一般都是细节题喜欢考察的点。它的提示词要么是for example, for instance, like, in this case这类的连接词,要么是具体的事例的名词。

实例解析:

What example does the professor give of a meme’s longevity?

l A story has been changing since it first appeared in the 1930s

l A person remembers a story for many years

l A gene is passed on through many generations without changing

l A song quickly becomes popular all over the world

这道题是官方真题Official5的第二个讲座的题目。教授的这段话是这样的:

First, longevity. A replicator must exist long enough to be able to get copied, and transfer its information. Clearly, the longer a replicator survives, the better its chances of getting its message copied and passed on. So longevity is a key characteristic of a replicator. If you take the alligator story, it can exist for a long time in individual memory, let’s say, my memory. I can tell you the story now or ten years from now, the same with the twinkle, twinkle song. So these memes have longevity because they are memorable for one reason or another.

这段话的前半部分介绍的是理论,然后通过这个鳄鱼的故事来解释这个理论。所以这道题的答案也是显而易见的B选项。

2.对听力材料中的提到的定义或者解释类的内容提问

在听力中经常会出现一些专有名词,有些专有名词一带而过,有些专有名词会在后面给出解释,如果我们听到带有解释的专有名词,就需要提起注意,因为它可能是一个考点。它的提示词有:it refers to,that is,that means,This is to say,in other words,in another words等。

实例解析:

What started the runway effect that led to the Sahara area of north Africa becoming a desert

l the prevailing winds became stronger

l the seasonal rains moved to a different area

l the vegetation started to die off in large areas

l the soil lost its ability to retain rainwater

教授是这样说的:

What the Sahara experienced was um…a sort of“runaway drying effect”. As I said the monsoon migrated itself, so there was less rain in the Sahara. The land started to get drier, which in turn caused huge decrease in the amount of vegetation, because vegetation doesn’t grow as well in dry soil, right? And then, less vegetation means the soil can’t hold water as well, the soil loses its ability to retain water when it does rain. So then you have less moisture to help clouds form, nothing to evaporate for cloud formation. And then the cycle continues, less rain, drier soil, less vegetation, fewer clouds, less rain etc. etc..

教授说完“runaway drying effect”之后,并没有转移话题,而是接着介绍了这个effect的过程到底是什么样的。如果我们能听到“runaway drying effect”之后的解释,那么这道题也可以迎刃而解。

3.针对听力材料中的原因进行提问

在听力中,因为考虑到学生的能力,所以句子跟句子之间的逻辑关系没有阅读中那么复杂。因果关系是其中最好表述的一种,所以在听力中也是很常见的。它也是考点之一。前因后果:therefore,consequently,as a consequence,result in,lead to。前果后因:result from,originate from,arise out of。

实例解析:

According to the professor, what led scientists to characterize the Nightcap Oak as primitive

l it has no evolutionary connection to other trees growing in Australia today

l it has an inefficient reproductive system

l its flower are located at the bases of the leaves

l it is similar to some ancient fossils

教授说:

Now another interesting thing about the Nightcap Oak is that it represents a very old type kind of tree that grew a hundred million years ago. Um, we found fossils that old that bear remarkable resemblance to the tree. So, it’s a primitive tree. A living fossil you might say.

我们可以看出,fossils that old that bear remarkable resemblance to the treeà it’s a primitive tree。本题给出结果,对原因题型提问。所以D选项正确。

4.针对听力材料中的结尾细节进行提问

通常我们在对话或者讲座的结尾都会走神,因为听力持续的时间太长,导致我们在听力快要结束的时候,松一口气的同时,注意力也不能集中在听力上了。但是往往结尾也是考点之一。

实例解析:

What is one way the professor mention that can help with art restoration?

l By re-creating the pigments and binding agents used by artists of earlier eras

l By removing pigments and binding agents that dissolve paintings over time

l By creating protective coatings of paint that do not damage original paintings

l By developing ways to safely remove paint added by previous restorers

教授的最后一句话就是答案:

Then if we want to undo some bad restoration attempts, we can determine what kind of process we can use to remove them to dissolve the paint and uncover the original.

正确选项是D。在对话中,结尾的位置经常是教授提出建议的位置,或者是教授提出要求的位置。这样就更需要注意他们的内容,因为很大可能会出考题。所以在平时做题的时候,我们要努力克制,一定要听到最后。

5.针对数字,地点,人物进行提问

在听力中会有一些数字,地点,人物之类的内容。这些数字,地点,人物本身不重要,重要的是他们之后跟着的内容。所以在听到这些内容的时候,一定要了解他们之后的内容的含义。

实例解析:

According to the professor, what were two ways that the situation of women artists had changed by then end of the nineteenth century in Paris? (Click on 2 answers.)

l Women and men took art classes together

l Women artists played a greater role in the Salon exhibitions

l More schools were established by women artists

l Fewer women artists were traveling to Paris

教授说:

Before the late 19 century, if the women who want to become an artist have to take private lessons or learn from family members. They have more limited options than men did. But around 1870s, some artists in Paris began to offer classes for female students. These classes were for women only. And by the end of the 19 century, it became much more common for woman and man to study together in the same classes.

By the last two decades of 19 century, one fifth of the paintings in the salon were by woman, much higher than in the past.

答案就很显而易见,是AB选项。

6.针对对比,类比或者相似的内容进行提问

在讲座中尤其喜欢拿两样事物对比或者类比着说,如果出现这种情况,就需要注意两个事物的各自的特征或者相同的特征,因为这里很可能是考点。

实例解析:

What does the professor compare to a housefly laying many eggs?

l A child learning many different ideas from her parents

l Alligators reproducing in New York sewers

l Different people remembering different versions of a story

l A person singing the“Twinkle, twinkle”song many times

教授说:

Next, fecundity. Fecundity is the ability to reproduce in large numbers. For example, the common housefly reproduces by laying several thousand eggs, so each fly gene gets copied thousands of times. Memes, well, they can be reproduced in large numbers as well. How many times have you sung the‘twinkle, twinkle song’to someone? Each time you replicated the song, and maybe passed it along to someone who did not know it yet, a small child maybe.

教授用housefly的例子来说明基因的传递,然后作类比,说明通过给别人唱“小星星”这首歌,文化基因是如何传递的。所以D选项就是我们的正确答案。

三.托福听力细节题的选项有哪些特征?

细节题一定是原文出现过的内容,他们可能是同义改写,也可能是用原文中的词汇概述答案。所以对于原文中没有出现过的内容,一定是错的。这就是细节题跟推断题之间的区别。

托福听力细节题的错误选项有如下几种:

1.原文提到过的内容,但是不在对应的位置。它可能是上一个话题的内容,也可能是下一个话题的内容。这样的选项比较具有迷惑性,容易错选。如果在做笔记的过程中能够分段落进行记载,那么就可以避免这种现象。

2.部分原文中的内容+部分原文中没有提到的内容。这样的选项我们会自动忽略没有出现过的内容,所以在读题的时候一定要仔细。不断的问自己这个信息点到底是否在听力中出现过。

3.完全没有出现过的内容。这种选项一般我们可以直接省略。

4.与原文不符的内容。有些选项会跟原文不符,但是因为他们跟原文的内容太像,太接近,我们又忽略了他们否定的内容,所以在做题过程中也需要注意。

托福听力:5步提高速度法

第一步:盲听。托福听力不看材料听,了解大概讲的内容就行。同时还把听力的Gist题给练了。

第二步:再听。这一遍要照着材料听。新托福听力精听每一个发音和那种洋腔洋调。尤其要注意刚才在遍的时候你没有听清楚的部分,是生词的缘故,还是发音的缘故。 如果是生词,你不用着急,查一下字典,把音标标注一下就好,用金山词霸,那里有发音,尽管个别会有不准的(这个你可以根据音标自己判定),但绝大多数都是准的,而且也还是美式发音。一定要读几遍,声音熟悉就很容易记住单词了。如果是发音的缘故,诊断一下是连音,省音,还是弱读,缩读,同化等现象。这一步你可以多听几遍新托福听力,熟悉句子的连续声音输入的过程。你可以整段泛听,也可以单句精听。根据你当时的感受来。

第三步:听后跟读。前两步听熟了,做了很好的铺垫以后,这一步才开始跟读。起初,建议单句跟读,模仿发音。增加托福听力训练,在听下一句的时候要复习前一句里出现的音素,同一音素在不同单词中的发音给你的感觉是不同的,认真体会。这就是外语的差异。同时还要学习新出现的音素,总之无数的材料都是由那48个音素堆积而成的声音集合。 另外,在读的过程中,标注一下重音(具体到每个音节的词重音),语调 (升调,降调和降升调,就是拐弯的调子) 和停顿(不只是标点符号后的停顿,主要是句子内部的意群停顿)。如果你觉得这个复杂,那么就听N遍之后跟着感觉走吧。

第四步:只读不听。在第三步足够熟练以后,这一步要做的就是根据刚才耳朵被冲击的感觉去读,读熟为止。体会在第三步中你标注的东西,在这一步里要实践出来。

第五步:边听边读。就是达到听说同步。起初可以看材料,然后慢慢脱离材料。以至于到后来,你会上瘾,听到别人讲英语,你的嘴巴都会不由自主的跟着动起来。

托福听力:考场上要避免九个错误

一、原文信息漏听

这是比较常见的一种错误原因,在听音过程中,由于种.种原因导致考点细节漏听,种.种原因可能包括:

1、听音基础不好,比如单词量少,语法差导致各种听不懂

2、由于听力材料语速较快,思路跟不上语速

3、由于外界干扰走神儿或者习惯性注意力不集中

解决方法:

1、做听写、背单词、学语法提升基础听音能力

2、做跟读模仿提升信息处理速度

3、做连续听音练习提升听音耐力或做抗干扰练习,比如做听力时,同时播放英文电视广播等

二、选项中的单词不认识

选项中的单词不认识直接导致选项无法正常翻译理解。

例:

Why does the professor discuss refugia? Click on 2 answers

A. To explain that the location of coralwithin a reef affects the coral's ability to survive

B. To point out why some coral species aremore susceptible to bleaching than others

C. To suggest that bleaching is not asdetrimental to coral health as first thought

D. To illustrate the importance of studyingcoral that has a low vulnerability of bleaching

这道题B选项中的susceptible,C选项中的detrimental,D选项中的vulnerability很多同学不认识,不知其意,所以在选择答案时出现困难。

解决方法:

课后通过单词书大量积累词汇,做题时在文章中和选项中积累生词,形成自己的生词本。

三、选项翻译错误

由于对句子成分辨识不清,导致翻译出错。

例:

What point do the speakersmake about the background of The Dreamer?

A. It is a good example ofBeaux's unusual style of brushstroke.

B. It resembles the backgrounds ofother Beaux portraits.C. Its lack of clarity emphasizesthe theme of the painting.

D. It is meant to suggest thatthe woman is in a dark room.

这道题的正确答案为C,正确翻译是:缺少清晰度的背景强调了这幅画的主题

很多同学把这句话中的lack看成了谓语动词,翻译成:背景没有清晰的强调这幅画的主题,和正确的翻译截然相反,导致选错。

解决方法:

仔细研究语法,确定好词性和句子成分。

四、形近词看错

由于把选项中的形近词看混,或者把某个词看成另外一个形近词,导致理解错误。

例:

What is the lecture mainly about?

A. The environmental effects of heap roasting

B. The reforestation efforts in the Copper Basin

C. The process of mining and producing copper

D. Damages caused during an attempt to clean up industrial waste

有部分同学把AB选项中的effect和effort看混,或者把B选项中的reforestation看成deforestation,导致理解的意思截然不同,所以选错。

解决方法:

睁大双眼,仔细审题审选项,二次检查。

五、没有关注单词复数

在内容主旨题中,做主语的名词的单复数有截然不同的意义,如果是复数名词则意味着这篇讲座必须讲解多个事物或者从多角度多方面讲解某个事物,如果此篇讲座只讲解了单一事物或一个方面,则复数选项为错,很多同学没有仔细关注单复数的变化,导致选错。

例:

What are the speakers mainly discussing?

A. An architect from the United States and a house design she created

B. The disadvantage of houses based on a square design

C. Difficulties faced by residential architects in the nineteenth century

D. Women who had a major influence on architecture in the United States

这道题的正确答案为A,很多同学选D,D选项的主语是women,而这篇讲座只讲了一个女建筑师的事情,所以排除D。

解决方法:

睁大双眼,仔细辨识单复数结合原文综合思考。

六、由于某个关键词而选择该答案

托福听力陷阱选项中有一种迷惑型极强的选项,里面包含了原文中的某些关键词,但是整句话做了细节篡改导致似是而非,部分同学由于只看到关键词而没有仔细翻译整个选项的意思就做出选择导致选错。

例:

What characteristic of notothenioids helpsthem survive in subfreezing temperatures?

A. They maintain an unusually high bodytemperature.

B. A special tissue in their eyes enablesthem to see through ice.

C. Special proteins make their bloodcirculate too fast to freeze.

D. Ice crystals in their bodies are preventedfrom growing large enough to harm them.

这道题原文中的表述是notothenioids这种南极鱼由于体内有某种蛋白质导致它们能在零度以下的水温里生存,很多同学看到C选项中的proteins直接选择了改答案,但是整句话中对proteins的解释和原文是不符的,是典型的细节迷惑型选项,正确答案为D,对proteins的正确解释。

解决方法:

了解这种细节迷惑型选项的普遍存在性,注意解题时思考避让。

七、对题型的解题思路不熟

由于对题型的解题思路理解不透彻,不遵守,主观排除正确答案。

例:

Whathad the man assumed about human impact on the environment?

A. Thathuman impact on the environment is difficult to measure

B. Thathumans have only recently had an impact on the environment

C. Thathuman impact on the environment is always harmful

D. Thathuman impact on the environment cannot be avoided

这道题正确答案是C,很多同学认为C选项的描述过于或者不符合事实所以直接主观排除,但是这道题的题干是一道转述型细节题,即问的是文中的男生过去认为人类对环境的影响是什么情况?C选项确实是原文中男生的想法。

解决方法:

仔细研究听力部分的8种题型,遵守相应的解题原则。

八、选错位型选项

错位型选项是普遍存在的一种错误选项类型,托福听力出题规律是每一段有一道题,如果某一道题的选项里包含了其他段落的表述,则此类选项叫做错位型选项,应予以排除。很多同学做每一道题都用全文的信息去找答案,这种思路是万万不可的。

例:

What does the professor say about the function of the papillae?

A. They produce dye in different colors

B. They propel the octopus through the water

C. They change the texture of the octopus skin

D. They help the octopus contract into a smaller shape

这道题题干中的papillae是和原文中的texture相关的表述,所以直接对应C答案,A答案对于color的阐述以及C答案对于shape的描写都是其他段落内容,属于错位型选项。

解决方法:

了解错位型选项的普遍存在性,做题时按层次思考找答案。

九、没有综合应用解题方法

在信息漏听时,有一些推荐的某种程度上可以弥补的答题小技巧,时而可以提升答题正确率,部分同学对这些方法掌握不熟练忘记应用导致可以选对的题目后还是选错了。

例:

What is the professor's opinion about coraltransplantation?

A. It is cost-effective

B. It is long-term solution

C. It is producing encouraging results

D. It does not solve the underlying problems

这道题在听音信息缺失的情况下,可以应用三正一反原则选择D答案,即ABC都是积极肯定的描述,只有D是消极否定的,所以优先考虑D答案。

解决方法:

在信息漏听时,综合应用老师讲过的方法答题,但注意不要用这种方法纯粹的投机取巧,在平时练习听力时,还是以提升自身实力为主。

托福听力

篇4:托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗

托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗?耳熟却讲不出意思赶紧来学

1.all over the place:乱七八糟的;到处都是

Paraphrase: completely disorganized or confused

官方真题Official: T13L2 – Ecology

Yeah,well, there used to be beavers all over the place, something like 200 million beavers, just in the continental United States.

这里曾经到处都是海狸,大概有200万只生活在美洲大陆上。

2.all the rag:风靡一时

Paraphrase: popular or fashionable at the moment

官方真题Official: T30L4 – Music History

Before long, Hawaiian steel guitar music was all the rage in the mainland US.

不久,夏威夷吉他就在美国本土风靡起来。

3.at odd:争执;不一致

Paraphrase: cannot agree or argue with someone

官方真题Official: T4L2 – Literature

They try to fit in with the rest of the world even though it’s at odds with their beliefs and their identities.

他们正努力融入世界,尽管他们和世界其他地方有着不同的身份和信仰。

Tips: at odds是争执、不一致的意思,应该把它作为一个整体来熟悉和运用。odd可以当形容词,意意思是奇数的;古怪的;剩余的;临时的;零散的;也可当名词,意思是:奇数;怪人;奇特的事物;

如:Although it sounded odd, this is the only way to describe this behavior.

虽然听起来很奇怪,但是这是描述这一行为的唯一方法。

It's not as though, oh, today is odd but maybe tomorrow it will be even.

并不是说今天它是奇数,明天就是偶数了。

而odds 只能当名词,意思是:几率;胜算;不平等;差别

如:Sure, you can raise money but the odds of getting venture capital are high.

当然了,你可以筹集资金,但是风险投资的几率也是非常高的。

4.be that as it may:即使如此,尽管那样; 话虽如此

Paraphrase: even so, even now

官方真题Official: T3L3 – Art History

But be that as it may, whatever the exact date, whether it's 15,000, 20,000or 30,000 years ago, the Chauvet paintings are from the dawn of art.

尽管如此,无论准确的日期是哪天,哪怕是在15000、0还是300前,肖维岩洞的壁画都被认为是艺术的开端。

5.do the trick:奏效,成功

Paraphrase: go places, make a hit

官方真题Official: T19C1 – Student & Professor

Yeah,I can see how that might do the trick. But, anyway, what I wanted to ask was, when you started talking about game theory.Well, I know a little bit about it, but I am not clear about its use in biology.

是的,我已经看到效果了,但是,我还是想问一下,当你提到game theory的时候,我是有一定的了解,但是我不知道这个理论是如何运用在生物学中的。

6.down the drain:浪费掉;徒劳;堕落

Paraphrase: wasted or produces no results

官方真题Official: T4C2 – Student & Professor

I know, but I didn’t want to risk the project going down the drain.

我知道,但是我不能让这个项目冒功亏一篑的风险。

7.drop in the bucket:沧海一粟,九牛一毛,杯水车薪

Paraphrase: something is so small that it won't make any noticeable difference.

官方真题Official: T12L4 – Environmental Science

It can generate 194 megawatts of electric power, but that’s just a drop in the bucket.

它能产生194兆瓦的电量,但是也是杯水车薪。

8.for the birds:毫无意义的

Paraphrase: worthless or ridiculous

官方真题Official: T8L1 – Animal Behavior

Studies have been done on the reproductive success rates for the birds in both areas, and the result showed surprisingly that the reproductive success was essentially the same in both areas – the preferred and the second choice habitat.

关于繁殖的成功率的研究结论是毫无价值的,结果令人震惊地表明,繁殖的成功率在首选和第二选择的栖息地中本质上是一样的

9.from scratch:白手起家,从头做起

Paraphrase: from the beginning

官方真题Official: T4C2 – Student & Professor

But we've got all the sources and its due next week. We don’t have time to start from scratch.

但是我们已经找好各种资料了,截止日期是下周,我们已经没有时间重新来过了。

10.get a handle on:控制,掌握,驾驭,左右

Paraphrase: get something under control

官方真题Official: T25L4 – Animal Behavior

Apparently,it also contributes to the development of a brain that's flexible, a brain that's quickly able to get a handle on unfamiliar situations.

很显然,它对大脑灵活、快速的适应陌生环境有着重要帮助。

11.heavenly body:天体

Paraphrase: planet

官方真题Official: T18L1 – Astronomy

That's because of their belief at the time that the heavenly bodies, the Sun,Moon,Stars and Planets, were perfect, without any flaws or blemishes.

这是因为他们坚信所有的行星,太阳,月亮等等,都是完美无瑕的。

12.high and low:到处

Paraphrase:everywhere

官方真题Official: T5C1 – Student & Counselor at the University Counseling Center

And it so happened that the cellist graduated last year. They’ve been searching high and low for a replacement, someone with experience.

大提琴手去年毕业了,他们到处寻找有经验的接班人。

13.how come:为什么,怎么会

Paraphrase: disbelief or surprise

官方真题Official:T26L3 – Astronomy

I mean, how come Halley’s is still there? After four and a half billion years. How could it be?

我意思是,经过了45亿年哈雷彗星怎么还在那,怎么可能?

14.let alone:更不必说;不打扰

Paraphrase: to say nothing of…

官方真题Official: T22L2 – Astronomy

we know the Sun’s current rate of mass loss, but if we assume that this rate has been steady over the last four billion years, the young Sun wouldn’t have been massive enough to have warmed Earth, let alone Mars, not enough to have caused liquid water.

我们知道太阳现在质量在衰减,如果我们假设太阳质量衰减的速度是恒定的,那么经过40亿年,太阳将不再有足够的质量给地球提供热量,更不用说火星了,这些热量都不够形成液态水。

15.off the hook:摆脱困境;脱身

Paraphrase: avoid sth.

官方真题Official: T15C2 – Student & Biology Professor

And that's supposed to be a quiet environment? Not exactly. My brother and parents try to keep it down when I am studying, but the phone pretty much rings off the hook, so ...

本该是一个很安静的环境吧?事实却不是这样,在我学习的时候都爸爸和哥哥放低声音,但是电话却响个不停。

16.pros and cons:利弊

Paraphrase: advantages & disadvantages

官方真题Official: The question is how. I mean no one really thinks that, say a bee goes through weighing thepros and cons of pollinating this flower or that flower.

问题在于怎样做到的。没有人会认为蜜蜂给花朵授粉的时候会去权衡一下这朵花和那朵花的利弊。

17.put two and two together:根据事实推理

Paraphrase: reach acorrect conclusion from the evidence; making inference

官方真题Official: T3L4 – Astronomy

Sohe put two and two together, and decided there was an element in the sun that hadn’t been discovered here on the earth yet.

所以他根据现有情况推断,太阳里有一种元素是我们至今都没有发现的。

18.rule of thumb:经验法则

Paraphrase: approximately

官方真题Official: T2C1 – Student & Professor

.. like your parents. That’s usually my rule of thumb: would my parents understand this?

例如你的父母。按我的经验我会问一句,我的父母能理解吗?

19.spot on:完全正确

Paraphrase: exactly right

官方真题Official:T29L4 – Structural Engineering

There’sa reason I mentioned that figure of 36,000 kilometers. That’s about how high an object would have to be orbiting straight up from the equator to constantly remain directly above the exact same spot on the rotating planet Earth.

就像我刚提到的,36000公里是近地同步卫星的最低轨道高度。

20.take for granted:认为…理所当然

Paraphrase: assume sth.Is real for sure

官方真题Official: T24L3 – Archeology

Today we take for granted that there horizontal bands of plant communities.

今天我们认为植物带的水平分布是理所当然的。

21.tall order:离谱的要求,苛求

Paraphrase: hard to achieve or fulfill

官方真题Official: T5C2 – Student & Professor

It's still a pretty tall order, and we will be moving right along, so you will really need to stay on top of it.

这始终是个苛刻的要求,我们要一直保持前进,你就必须保持在巅峰状态。

22.tongue in cheek:不是认真的,虚情假意的

Paraphrase:not seriously

官方真题Official:T12L1 – Biology

That's the so-called JUNK DNA. Though the word junk is used sort of tongue in cheek.

这就是所谓的“无用DNA”,不过junk一词在这里有点嘲弄的意思。

托福听力练习:对蜘蛛的恐惧

“Both of us were in the lab when we just saw a spider, and I'm really afraid of them.

So I started to scream for her to come and pick it up because she's not afraid of them.”

Ben-Gurion University of the Negev psychologist Tali Leibovich, talking about herself and a colleague.

“And she said, but it's small, how come you're afraid of it?

And I said, no it's huge! And she said 'it's small; I said it's huge.

We started arguing, and this is why we started this study. To see who is right.”

Leibovich does not ordinarily study spiders.

But this spider encounter made her curious about how the human brain understands magnitude—what are the factors that influence our estimation of how big or small something is?

And does fear play a role?

So she and colleagues did an experiment in which participants had to say how big a spider in a photo was on a scale from housefly to goat.

And the subjects who were afraid of spiders consistently rated the arachnids as larger than did the non-phobic participants.

But the spider-phobes did not miscalculate the size of butterflies or birds.

Nor did they see wasps as larger-than-life, even though wasps can be dangerous.

The estimation error was spider-specific.

It seems our emotions drive us to experience the same world in very different ways.

The results are in the journal Biological Psychology.

“Now we can ask the question of what causes what?

Is it the fear of spiders that makes you see them as larger, or first you see them as larger for some reason and because of it you start being afraid of them?”

If it's the latter, then perhaps spider-phobes can be trained to more accurately judge the size of the arachnids, and maybe that could ease their worries.

Some might even come to see spiders as actually kind of cool—or at least not downright terrifying.

“我们看到蜘蛛是在实验室里,我真的非常害怕这种生物。

因此我就冲她大喊大叫让她把蜘蛛弄走,因为她不害怕。”

班古里昂大学的内盖夫心理学家塔里·勒博维奇谈论着自己和同事的经历。

“我的同事说,蜘蛛那么小的个头,你怎么会害怕呢?

而我说,不,它很大的!她说蜘蛛很小,但我则说很大。

随后我们开始争论起来。而为了证明孰是孰非,我们开始了这项研究。

勒博维奇并没有按照常理出牌去研究蜘蛛。

但这次被蜘蛛吓到的经历让她对人类的大脑如何理解大小产生好奇—究竟是哪些因素对我们评判事物大小的标准产生影响呢?

恐惧是否也在其中起到关键作用呢?

因此她和同事们进行了一项实验,参与其中的试验者们必须说出照片中从家蝇到山羊相大小的蜘蛛到底有多大。

相比不害怕蜘蛛的受试者,对蜘蛛感到害怕的人认为这种生物更大一些。

但蜘蛛恐惧症者并不会错误判断蝴蝶或鸟类的体型。

而且尽管黄蜂非常危险,他们也不会认为黄蜂比实际要大一些。

这种错误的估计只针对蜘蛛。

似乎我们的情感驱使着我们用不同的方式体验着同一个世界。

这项研究已在《生物心理学》杂志上发表。

“现在我们可以探究原因,是什么原因造成这种情况呢?

是因为对蜘蛛的恐惧让你觉得它们看起来很大,还是第一次见到蜘蛛就觉得它们体积较大令你害怕?”

如果是后者,那么蜘蛛恐惧症也许可以通过训练更准确地判断蜘蛛的大小,这样也许能缓解他们的担忧。

有些人甚至认为看到蜘蛛很酷啊—至少不是很害怕。

1.pick up 捡起;接载

例句:He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.

他从地板上拾起帽子,重新戴在头上。

2.afraid of 害怕

例句:He was afraid of hurting my feelings.

他怕伤了我的心。

3.start to 开始

例句:I'll start to think about it when I have to write my report.

我要写报告时会对此予以考虑的。

4.talk about 谈论

例句:I had a long talk about this with my best friend.

我和我最好的朋友就此事进行了长谈。

2020托福听力练习:黑洞碰撞合并对引力波影响

The news last month that gravitational waves had been discovered made waves throughout the world of science.

The finding, from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, or LIGO, showed that extreme gravity can cause ripples in spacetime.

In the case studied, the extreme gravity came from two colliding black holes.

Now one scientist is suggesting an added wrinkle—that those two black holes might have originated in a single star.

“The situation is similar to a pregnant woman that has twin babies in her belly.”

Avi Loeb of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

He's proposing the idea in a paper that's been accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Loeb became suspicious because just 0.4 seconds after LIGO spotted the gravitational waves, a space telescope called Fermi glimpsed a bright flash of gamma-ray light in the same area of the sky.

“Detecting such a signal is quite surprising from a collision of two black holes.

What could be the source of a flash of light following a black hole merger?”

Colliding black holes should not produce such light—but the death of a very massive star could.

“My idea was that if the star is spinning very rapidly to start with, then as its core collapses it produces a bar that breaks into two clumps of matter, sort of like a dumbbell configuration. And these two clumps of matter orbit a common center, and they eventually collapse independently into two black holes.”

Of course, it's possible that the Fermi telescope signal was a false alarm.

So we'll see if future gravitational wave detections are also accompanied by flashes of light—supporting the idea that twin black holes collided upon the collapse of a massive star.

上个月人类首次直接探测到引力波的新闻在科学界激起了波澜。

这一在激光干涉引力波天文台(LIGO)上的重大发现,表明极限重力可以引发时空涟漪。

在这项研究中,这种极限重力来自两个黑洞的碰撞。

美国宇航局费米太空望远镜在引力波信号之后大约0.4秒检测到伽玛射线爆发.jpg

而现在一位科学家提出一种特别的理论,那就是这两个黑洞可能起源于同一颗恒星。

“这样的情况就好比一位怀有双胞胎的孕妇一样。

“哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的天体物理学家艾维·勒布说道。

在《天体物理学杂志》上发表的一篇研究中他提出了这样的观点。

勒布提出质疑是因为LIGO观测到引力波信号仅0.4秒后,费米太空望远镜就检测到伽玛射线爆发,而引力波和伽玛射线爆发均产生于同一片区域。

ab两图是通过数值求解爱因斯坦方程得到的双黑洞轨道演化.jpg

“检测这样一种来自两个黑洞碰撞的信号令人非常吃惊。

黑洞碰撞合并后闪光可能的来源是什么?”

碰撞的黑洞不应该产生这样的光芒,但一颗大质量恒星死亡后却可以。

“我的设想是,如果恒星的转速足够快,它的核心将伸展并呈现哑铃状,随后分裂为两个部分,每个部分单独形成一个黑洞。

当然,也存在费米太空望远镜所检测到的信号是一次假警报的可能。

因此如果未来的引力波探测也伴随闪光,支持两个黑洞相撞可能来自于一颗大质量恒星消亡的产物,我们将对此拭目以待。

1.gravitational wave 引力波

例句:What will happen when a gravitational wave was found by my computer?

如果一个引力波被我的电脑找到了(计算出来了),会怎么样?

2.come from 来自

例句:I come from the north.

我是北方人。

3.black hole 黑洞

例句:Radio signals received from the galaxy's centre back up the black hole theory.

从该星系中心收到的无线电信号证实了黑洞理论。

4.start with 开始

例句:To work out a plan, one has to start with investigation.

制定计划要从调查研究入手。

篇5:托福听力之讲座细节题分析

托福听力之讲座细节题分析

一、托福听力细节题题型介绍

细节题是托福听力中最平民化的一种题型,它考查的是professor在讲解知识时谈到的知识要点。细节题的表述方式往往非常简单清晰,最常见的就是According to the lecture, what is true about _x? 而正确答案往往都是文本中的原话。

二、托福听力细节题注意事项

值得注意的是,细节题中最大的设置障碍主要表现在降低选项之间的区分度,比如题目问What does the professor say about A? 那么所有的选项都跟A紧密相关,但只有一个选项完全符合文本中professor的表述,因此考生一定要知道原文中提到过A,而且具体对于A是如何描述的。

三、托福听力讲座两大类细节信息分析

基于来自ETS官方的权威资料分析,常考细节题可归纳为以下两类:

①关键词解释,定义和实例。

②科学(历史)事实,原因背景和表现影响。

1.关键词考点

很多lecture全文就是围绕一个关键词而展开讨论,比如生物学问段题中经常出现的camouflage等生物现象或者fern等植物类别。

关键词还包括在讲解主体是提到的别的东西,比如OG上有篇文章探讨小行星带的发现,提到了Bode’s Law,题目就问到了它的定义。关键词定义和解释常考句型包括This is what we call “…”或者That is “…”

考生们不用纠结关键词本身根本不认识,因为后面总会给出直白的解释。需要注意的是,一旦屏幕上打出关键词,马上要注意紧跟在后面的那几句话,这中间往往包含了相应的解释和定义。

如果发现后面开始说不相关的内容,那么马上回想提到关键词之前讲述的内容。英文当中的后置定语从句或是被动语态允许professor在表意的时候,先讲解释和内容,再告诉学生对应的术语或关键词是什么。

除此之外,概念后面的例子也是必考细节,尤其要注意如下信号词:

for example,for instance,such as,let’s say,let’s put it this way,just like,just as,as we all know.

2. 科学事实,原因背景,表现影响

具体指的就是what, why, how, 是什么,为什么,怎么样?比如考试中lecture讲到海啸现象,那么professor就必须说明什么是海啸,成因是什么, 发生时是什么样的现象,以及会带来什么样的后果。

而如果是在人文社科学科当中,情况也是如此。比如讲到美国历史事件,这些文章首先要说明的是历史事实,也就是说什么时间地点什么人做了什么事情,之后如果要分析,就可以探讨发生的原因和带来的结果。

这些细节也包括在lecture中提到的优点和缺点,常见于科技产品信息的段子。值得注意的是,细节题目一般会出现我们所谓的多选题,考到具体的作用、表现形式、逻辑关系等,比如考到具体的绘画的三种作用,四种排水系统等,或者是修正主义对于早期农业的消极影响的三个方面表达等。

考生多多留意also/too/as well as/in addition/one ...the other /not only A but also等并列或递进逻辑关系词,尤其是大于等于二小于五的列举项。

需要指出的是,不一定每篇lecture都会把知识点的三个方面都说到,但同学们还是要养成习惯,听文章不能满足于听懂基本事实,还要看看后面有没有原因和结果(cause and effect)这两个方面相应的分析。

综上所述,细节题作为lecture的必考内容,可选的考点复杂多样。但ETS官方毕竟只需要通过这种题型来考查学生对所涵盖的知识点最粗浅的认识,因此答题信息往往出现在简单的文字表述当中,所以要学会边听边把握细节信息。

托福听力答题三策略

问题1记笔记怕影响听,不记笔记怕露听

解决方案:首先大家要知道笔记只是一个辅助性的工具,笔记本身是没有任何意义的,甚至考试后会被粉碎。那么到底该不该记笔记,答案是需要,但是不包含大神级人物!对于大部分学生来说,笔记是需要的,它帮助我们记住框架以及一些细节题,但是笔记要做好事需要时间来练习的。大家只需要练习,在练习笔记是参考题目和文本就可以了,因为所有的笔记都是为了服务于做题的。

问题2关于听力中音变的影响

由于存在自己脑袋里的单词发音本来就是错误的,那你怎么能要求自己能听出正确的发音呢?人家读一个正确的音,你还觉得是错的,或者压根听不懂,听不出来。举个最简单的例子,receipt中的P是不发音,但是很多学生仍然认为P是发音的,在这种情况下,你怎么能听懂文章呢?

解决方案:跟读音频(最好速度都跟上),模仿音频的发音,慢慢纠正自己的发音

问题3听懂了但是仍然做错,觉得自己明明似乎听懂了这题,但是一选出来答案就是错的,怎么想也想不明白。通常这种情况的出现大部分集中在imply和infer题。

解决方案:不要根据自己的思维方式去理解外国人的思维方式,同学们需要去揣摩这类题的出题规律及错误选项的规律。

托福听力需要跟读多少遍

听力基本功的训练很可取的一个重要的方法就是“听—写”。这个方法近两年饱受争议,那么“听写”究竟能不能提高我们的听力水平,从而在托福考试中拿到高分呢?其实,这完全取决于我们自己。

一方面,改完的听写稿要反复跟读,搞定生词。我得到很多同学关于听写训练的反馈,我看到同学们很认真地用各种颜色的笔把听写稿的错误做了很详细的标注,生词也按照要求通通整理到生词本上。做了三十多篇,再听TPO的时候还是困难重重,连主旨都不能确定。这是什么原因呢?-----标记后没有跟读。我们听完写下来的目的是为了在纸上清晰地呈现自己的盲点,弱点,比如场景词的缺乏和高频词发音的生疏,敏感性差等。我们需要通过后面的多次跟读填补盲点。如果我们仅仅是知道自己哪里做的不够,却没有任何行动的话,是没有任何意义的,所以最后的跟读十分重要,我的建议是二十遍,彻底搞定。

另一方面,在我们练习了三十篇左右的短单位听写后(三到五个词就停下来写),我们应该再把这些听写过的文章拿来做段落和 篇章的“听—译”训练。也就是说听一个部分(比如一件事情的步骤表述,原理和例子的完整阐释)之后自己来用中文说意思,然后对照原文,如果有回忆不正确的地方,再听两至三遍。搞定段落后,就开始 篇章整体的听力练习,同时记笔记,看着笔记的提示词概述全文重点信息。因为托福听力考查的是“major details”,理解information 本身和information的purpose 是ETS对于考生的Listening skill的核心要求。在四到六分钟的lecture中,重要的框架性信息点通常不超过十个,所以听段落大意和全文大意是我们进行词汇和句子的识别训练后主要的训练方向。

因此,在听力基本功的训练中,我们要注意应用正确的方法,保质保量地完成听写任务,我们的听力能力是会大幅提高的!

托福听力:练听写是否能帮助我们拿高分

听力基本功的训练很可取的一个重要的方法就是“听—写”。这个方法近两年饱受争议,那么“听写”究竟能不能提高我们的听力水平,从而在托福考试中拿到高分呢?其实,这完全取决于我们自己。

一方面,改完的听写稿要反复跟读,搞定生词。我得到很多同学关于听写训练的反馈,我看到同学们很认真地用各种颜色的笔把听写稿的错误做了很详细的标注,生词也按照要求通通整理到生词本上。做了三十多篇,再听TPO的时候还是困难重重,连主旨都不能确定。这是什么原因呢?-----标记后没有跟读。我们听完写下来的目的是为了在纸上清晰地呈现自己的盲点,弱点,比如场景词的缺乏和高频词发音的生疏,敏感性差等。我们需要通过后面的多次跟读填补盲点。如果我们仅仅是知道自己哪里做的不够,却没有任何行动的话,是没有任何意义的,所以最后的跟读十分重要,我的建议是二十遍,彻底搞定。

另一方面,在我们练习了三十篇左右的短单位听写后(三到五个词就停下来写),我们应该再把这些听写过的文章拿来做段落和 篇章的“听—译”训练。也就是说听一个部分(比如一件事情的步骤表述,原理和例子的完整阐释)之后自己来用中文说意思,然后对照原文,如果有回忆不正确的地方,再听两至三遍。搞定段落后,就开始 篇章整体的听力练习,同时记笔记,看着笔记的提示词概述全文重点信息。因为托福听力考查的是“major details”,理解information 本身和information的purpose 是ETS对于考生的Listening skill的核心要求。在四到六分钟的lecture中,重要的框架性信息点通常不超过十个,所以听段落大意和全文大意是我们进行词汇和句子的识别训练后主要的训练方向。

因此,在听力基本功的训练中,我们要注意应用正确的方法,保质保量地完成听写任务,我们的听力能力是会大幅提高的!

小升初衔接,做到这些就够了

托福听力之讲座细节题分析

托福阅读细节题分析

托福听力备考高分3大细节分析

托福阅读细节题解题方法

托福听力态度题如何判断选项

托福听力目的主旨题难点解析

托福听力常见题型解题思路讲解之主旨题和细节题

这些璀璨的细节

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