下面是小编帮大家整理的托福写作提分点，本文共8篇，希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1：托福写作提分点
绝对不能从头到尾都是简单句，注意文章中使用到各种复合句式，以下几种建议必有：同位语、定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句。并注意使用双重否定句。
托福写作解析：托福写作词汇使用技巧
托福写作词汇技巧一：选词时要符合语言习惯
并与社会文化诸多背景一致。由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭。如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。
托福写作词汇技巧二：在英语写作中特别要注意区分同义词
选词时要考虑主题、对象及情景。由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的词，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。
托福写作词汇技巧三：措词选择应把握好
英语和汉语词汇无法对应的部分，不是所有的英语词汇都有相应的汉语表达，一些不同的英语词汇也有可能用同样的汉语来表达，这就使我们在用英语来表达思想上面临更多选择上的困难。
因此，要确定我们所选的词是否准确、恰当，单凭查词典还不行。大家在进行托福写作词汇练习时，还需要着重基础词汇的积累，一味攻读高分词汇，有可能会陷入盲目罗列、错误套用的怪圈当中，很可能会得不偿失。
托福写作解析：实用的经典句式
托福作文开头套句：
When it comes to...， some think...
There is a public debate today that...
A is a common way of...， but is it a wise one?
Recently the problem has been broughtsintosfocus.
提出观点：
Now there is a growing awareness that...
It is time we explore the truth of...
Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible.
进一步提出观点：
...but that is the only part of the history.
Another equally important aspect is...
A is but one of the many effects. Another is...
Besides， other reasons are...
提出假想例子的方式：
Suppose that...
Just imagine what would be like if...
It is reasonable to expect...
It is not surprising that...
举普通例子：
For example(instance)，...
... such as A，B，C and so on (so forth)
A good case in point is...
A particular example for this is...
引用：
One of the greatest early writers said ...
“Knowledge is power”， such is the remark of ...
“...”. That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...).
“...”. How often we hear such words like there.
讲故事(先说故事主体)，this story is not rare
...， such dilemma we often meet in daily life
...， the story still has a realistic significance.
提出原因：
There are many reasons for...
Why ...， for one thing，...
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ...
The first reason can be obliviously seen.
Most people would agree that...
Some people may neglect that in fact ...
Others suggest that...
Part of the explanation is ...
进行对比：
The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of...
Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ...
Indeed ， A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned.
A maybe ... ， but it suffers from the disadvantage that...
承上启下：
To understand the truth of...， it is also important to see...
A study of ... will make this point clear
让步：
Certainly， B has its own advantages， such as...
I do not deny that A has its own merits.
结尾：
From what has been discussed above， we may safely drawthe conclusion that...
In summary， it is wiser...
In short...
篇2：托福独立写作的三大提分点
今天上海新航道托福培训班为大家带来的是.1.11托福综合写作参考范文!
本题是重复12月16日真题，如何保护蝙蝠不被风力涡轮机伤害
阅读：
1，蝙蝠每年迁徙的路线是固定的，所以只要把风力涡轮机建在远离迁徙路线的地方即可;2，风力涡轮机只在白天工作，如此一来，夜间活动的蝙蝠便不会受到影响;3，使用雷达电波驱赶蝙蝠。事实表明，蝙蝠一般不在有雷达颠簸的地方活动。
听力：1， 风力涡轮机的选址比较特殊，需要在山脊才有足够的风发电，但山脊正好在蝙蝠迁飞的路线上。如果伴奏，可能会影响涡轮机的效果;2， 蝙蝠晚上活动白天休息，蝙蝠会选址比较高的建筑结构休息，比如风力涡轮机。如果让涡轮白天工作，可能对休息的蝙蝠产生影响;3，蝙蝠之所以远离雷达，是因为雷达颠簸会破坏它们的生殖系统。如果采用雷达电波驱赶，这会带来伤害，从而使数量更少。
话题分类：生物/技术类
参考范文：
The reading passage and the lecture debate on the solutions to save bats from being harmed by wind turbine. The reading passage proposes three solutions, which are all contradicted by the following lecture.
The first solution is to construct wind turbine at places not interfering with bats’ migratory patterns. Scientists could study the patterns, and then guide power companies to build turbines not in the paths of the bats' migrations. However, the lecturer finds this impractical because wind turbines have to be built where there is plenty of wind to spin the turbine. But that’s exactly where bats are most likely to migrate as they follow mountain ridges. The wind speed will be too slow to spin the turbines if they are built outside of bats’ migration paths, for example flat plains.
The second solution is to shut down the current wind turbines at night, so that the blades of the wind turbines will not harm the bats flying though the area. But the lecture opposes, contending that bats have to sleep when the night is almost over, often on the wind turbines. When the wind turbines are turned back on during the day the bats will still be harmed.
The last solution, according to the reading, is to use radar to keep bats away from the turbines. It is because bats can detect the waves emitted by radar, and they will stay away from it. Yet the lecture finds this a bad idea as radar waves can harm the bats’ reproductive organs. Once they get in touch with the wave, their reproductive system will be permanently injured and this will further reduce bat’s population.
.
篇3：托福独立写作的三大提分点
Both reading and listening deal with the same topic about the possibility of crossings. However, their perspectives are different. According to the reading, crossing sare not a good way for wildlife animals, while the professor in the listening casts doubt on the writer’s argument.
First, the reading points out animals are unfamiliar with the crossings so that they don’t know how to use it. However, in the lecture, the professor mentions that it won’t work for the first year for sure. For animals, they need more time, like 10 years, but their adaptation is strong. So in the following years, the using of crossings will increase greatly.
In addition, the writer contends that building crossings costs a lot. On the contrary, the professor holds the idea that otherwise it’s actually dangerous for human. He states that thousands of people get damaged and cost millions of dollars to fix that. Building crossings can effectively avoid it. So crossing is not only benefit animals, but also is additional merits for human.
The last point of there ading illustrates that in developed area, the habits of wildlife get damaged and fragmentation is not good for their hunting food and reproduction. In contrast, the professor refuses to accept the writer’s idea by asserting the crossing can in fact, connect different areas, animals pass through anywhere freely and easily. So they can maintain a healthy population with the crossings.
篇4：托福独立写作的三大提分点
话题分类：工作
6月15日托福独立写作解题思路：
禁止之后会减少员工不满意度：
1，非工作时间的邮件会很大程度干扰员工休息，进而影响效率
2，消磨员工的积极性和工作热情
3，员工会有被尊重和被理解的感受
不会减少员工的不满意程度：
1，对工作内容本身，比如创新性，挑战性，喜爱程度等不满意，无法被抵消
2，工作环境(办公环境和人际关系)是更影响满意程度的部分
3，如果周末接收邮件需要工作能够得到足够的认可或者奖励，也是可以接受的。
206月15日托福独立写作参考范文：
For corporations, it’s fairly reasonable to provide a working environment that all workers have fewer complaints about. Some of them have planed prohibiting sending emails to the employees at weekends, thought it will alleviate their discontent towards their workplace. But some strong believers are inclined to the fact that even receiving no tasks in their leisure time, employees will not easily change their attitude to the company. Accordingly, I with no hesitation, advocate that declining disturbance toworkers’ personal life such as their holidays from company can greatly improve their satisfactory of the firm.
For starters, everyone needs to have a rest while constant assignments will finally eliminate their passion to work. Specifically, most people, indeed, enjoy doing their jobs with high level of satisfaction, but this only happens when they are not tired of current jobs and have regular breaks during busy weekdays. If company fail to distinguish weekends from weekdays, employees will possibly develop boredom after long-time working. For instance, my best friend who just enters the workplace, at first, she had sufficient enthusiasm and energy towards her job. However, she seldom had weekends due to constant extra work assigned via emails, since her boss always said that brilliant workers should contribute more to the whole company. At last, she cannot bear it but resigned without any reluctance to this job. Thus, it is extremely essential for the employers to provide enough personal space without improper emails during the weekends.
On the other hand, for bidding emails related to work at the weekends greatly facilitate better working achievements of the employees, which can definitely enhance their sense of content. Considering the fierce competition in present society, overwhelming burdens, tasks and numerous problems at work always exhaust people. In this case, offering undisturbed and relaxing holidays to them can let them better recover from the tiredness and become more energetic for the following tasks hence leading to higher possibilities of successful outcomes. With enjoyable working experience and strong sense of achievement, it is hardly for workers to feel bad or unsatisfactory towards their companies. As a result, I believe that companies had better avoid any working emails at the weekends in order to allow their workers to have a better rest.
Given all reasons and examples discussed above, I can safely come to the conclusion that workers will become more satisfied towards the company when they have no interference from the working emails at the weekends.
篇5：托福独立写作的三大提分点
If you go travelling to a city for the first time, but you only have a limited amount of time, which place you will choose?
1. touring the historic sites
2. going shopping on some markets
3. going to the restaurants or cafe
话题分类：生活
解题思路：选1
主体段1：historic sites可以帮助了解当地文化
主体段2：historic sites包含markets和food stands
参考范文：
As I plan my ideal itinerary to a completely strange city for the first time, the desirable destination within a limited amount of time must be the historic sites instead of various markets for shopping or places for meals and drink.
To begin with, heading for historic attractions prompts tourists to get acclimated to the local customs and traditions rather quickly. To be specific, a visit to a historic site is regarded as a valuable chance to be exposed to fabulous and time-honored buildings, each with specific history attached to it. In other words, such visits expanding individual outlooks on what may be included in school turn out to be a great approach to re-enforce lessons. Many historical places also enable visitors to attain knowledge excluded in textbooks. Moreover, the multi-linguistic services provided by staff members in such attractions remove the language barriers if the destination is an overseas city, coupled with instant response to tourist’ queries about the destination and its people. Walking along the ancient streets with a high concentration of old buildings dating back to centuries ago, tourists are allowed to have a convenient and comfortable visit since hotels and cafes are just a few blocks away.
Another principal reason to support the visit to historic sites is that some of them commonly comprise diverse markets nearby for shopping and meals. Hood River is a typical example of a city integrating historic sites with the shopping district. Historic buildings line the scenic streets of the urban downtown with a bustling shopping district featuring boutiques, designer shops, art galleries and restaurants. Actually, commercial historic districts are abundant in European cities.
To conclude, historic sites rather than shopping markets or restaurants are recommendatory for people who visit a city for the first time but with a limited deal of time.
篇6：托福独立写作的三大提分点
阅读：Wildlife Crossings 的可行性
1. 野生动物不熟悉，没有办法用
2. 花费太大
3. 阻碍生物数量和繁殖能力，因为只有一小片区域可以活动
听力：反驳
1，刚开始的第一年确实不行不会用，但是野生动物的适应能力很强的，所以后面几年使用会大幅度增长。
2，对于人来说比较危险，动物横穿马路造成人们受伤，一年会有很多起，花费的钱更多。
3，roads限制了生物的活动区域，crossing帮助他们客服这个困难，这样就可以任意活动，从而位置healthy population。
话题分类：动物学
6月15日托福综合写作解题思路：
阅读部分仔细看，很多时候能够给我们一些听力内容方面的提示。
听力的细节一定尽可能的给全。
篇7：托福写作的经常扣分点
托福写作的经常扣分点
扣分一: 照抄题目，照搬原文
例如有道题的题目是“ Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children can benefit in important ways from taking care of a pet animal.”，然后考生的第一句话就直接复制粘贴了，考生的第一句话是：”For the question if I agree or disagree with the following statement? Children can benefit in important ways from taking care of a pet animal. Well, as far as I am concerned...”
这种明显的凑字数，不改动句子，连最基本的同义词互换都没有做到。这种很容易让考官降低读文章的兴趣，使得分数不够理想。考生可以使用例如“When it comes to the issue about …, as far as I am concerned…”。这样会大大提高考官好感度。
扣分二: 论据根本不能证明自己的观点
例如，在写官方真题Official28的独立题(Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents today are more involved in their children's education than parents were in the past.)时候，第一段是这么写的：“孩子的教育受到重视，孩子的将来也取决于他们的表现，家长们很关心孩子的教育。因此我同意现在的家长比从前更重视参与到孩子的教育中去了。
大家看到这感觉到问题的所在了么，这位考生一直在说“现在孩子的教育受到家长重视”，然而这并不能证明“现在的家长比从前更 加重视参与到孩子的教育中去了”。一定要切题，紧抓主题，不能以为写很多，或者用的关键词多就证明紧抓主旨。
扣分三: 假大空的废话一大堆
假大空的废话容易让考官觉得故意凑字数，读完没人有人思考，如同嚼蜡。无论是描述一件事情有多么深远的意义，还是描述一个东西有多么有意思，总是反复不停地说：“这个事情有意义是因为这是多么有意义的一件事”“这个东西是多么的有趣是因为这是一个多么有趣的东西”。因此，如果说明某事有意义，应该说 “这个东西多么的有趣是因为有一次我带着这个东西出去玩然后……”这种顺序才能让考官感同身受。
扣分四： 跑题
例如，一个考生的托福作文中题目是这样的，“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.”然后该考生在作文中大致思路如是写道：“Always telling the truth”是不理性的，而他认为我们应该做一个理性的人，他自己是理工科的学生，他觉得理工科的学生更为理性，而文科的学生总是不那么理性……然后就没有然后了，这种是考生经常犯的错误，刚开始是正在主题中，中途一遇到自己擅长的部分，就开始无线扩展，导致很难回到主题上来，加上时间限制，就草草生硬的加了结尾。
扣分五: 自相矛盾
出现这个情况的考生，和跑题的考生的文章有着“相通之处”，跑题的考生是要么一开始就跑偏，要么半路跑偏。而自相矛盾的考生呢，不是举例子写着写着不知道怎么就矛盾了，就是写到后来写得自相矛盾了的。
例如这题：“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment—doing things they like to do—rather than doing things they should do.”。有一位童鞋的作文里面，开头写自己“同意人们现在花太多时间在个人娱乐上”，并且说的也有理有据，说现在的人就知道打游戏等，结果写到后面，就写成了现在的人工作压力太大，家庭压力也很大，很多时间都花在了工作、家庭上，很少有时间能娱乐……这种自相矛盾的很容易在写完后检查时发现，由于时间关系，要么放弃，要么慌忙改正，导致文章结构松散。
只要考试注意上面这五个扣分点，那么对你的托福写作考试的提高一定会有帮助，我们在平时的练习中也该注意这些方面，对自己高要求，才可再托福写作中发挥出很好的水平。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
托福PPTest2语法题笔记篇
41. In a barter economy, a person having something to trade must make contact with another person ________ and has something acceptable to offer in exchange.
A. and who wants it
B. wants it
C. who wants it
D. who does it want
答案：C
分析及考点：定语从句。A中and多余。B缺连接词。D词序颠倒。
参考译文：在易物交换的体系中，有东西想做交易的人必须跟另一个想要这东西并能在交易中提供可接受物品的人接触。
42. The chief justice of the United States is the country’s _________ and is appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate.
A. judicial officer highest
B. officer judicial highest
C. officer highest judicial
D. highest judicial officer
答案：D
分析及考点：形容词顺序的考察。因为中心词是officer，所以ABC都错。
参考译文：美国的首席法官是国家最高的司法官员，并在参议院批准下由总统任命。
43. Including land and water, the state of Alaska ________ an area of 1,530,700 square kilometers, equal to about one-sixth of the size of the United States.
A. having
B. where there is
C. which is
D. has
答案：D
分析及考点：句子缺谓语。不构成从句。
参考译文：包括土地和水域，阿拉斯加州有1530700平方公里面积，相当于1/6美国的大小。
44. _________ until the twelfth century that the magnetic compass was used for navigation.
A. Its not being
B. It was not
C. Not
D. Was not
答案：B
分析及考点：强调句型。It was … that …
参考译文：直到20世纪，磁性指南针才被用于航行。
45. Although she wrote only two short novels and 19 stories during her brief career, Flannery O’Connor made _________ to United States fiction.
A. a contribution is important
B. an important contribution
C. a contribution and important
D. is an important contribution
答案：B
分析及考点：动词make的用法，make 直接加宾语。
参考译文：尽管Flannery O’Connor在她短暂的职业生涯中只写了2部短篇小说和19个故事，但她对美国的小说作出了重要的贡献。
46. The New York City Ballet has been _________ of United States classical ballet companies since its inception in 1946.
A. the consistently creative most
B. consistently creative the most
C. most creative the consistently
D. the most consistently creative
答案：D
分析及考点：形容词词序问题。中心词是creative。
参考译文：纽约城市芭蕾是从1946年芭蕾起始后的美国传统芭蕾舞公司中最一贯的继承芭蕾舞艺术的。
47. When condensation occurs close to the ground, _________ results in fog or dew.
A. or
B. the
C. it
D. then
答案：C
分析及考点：主句缺主语
参考译文：当水蒸气在离地面很近的地方凝结的时候，就形成了雾或露水。
48. Desktop publishing systems are capable of _________ camera-ready pages made up of text and graphics, with text set in different typefaces and sizes.
A. when producing
B. produce
C. to produce
D. producing
答案：D
分析及考点：介词后面跟动名词。be capable of doing sth也是固定搭配。
参考译文：桌面印刷系统能够生产出由文本和图形混合在一起的现成的照相机成像相片，文本还可以设置不同的字体和大小。
49. The femur is the _________ in the body.
A. bone is the largest and longest
B. largest and the longest bone that
C. largest and longest bone
D. bone largest and longest and
答案：C
分析及考点：词序问题。中心词是bone。
参考译文：大腿骨是身体中最大和最长的骨头。
50. Spurred by the phenomenal growth of the city of Chicago after the Civil War, Illinois became ________.
A. that a major industrial state
B. to a major industrial state
C. a major industrial state
D. to be a major industrial state
答案：C
分析及考点：及物动词become的用法，直接加名词宾语。
参考译文：受内战以后芝加哥城市显著发展的激励，Illinois州成为一个主要的工业州。
51. _________ from the Caribbean islands explored the area now known as Texas and New Mexico as early as the sixteenth century.
A. Spaniards who
B. As Spaniards
C. When Spaniards
D. Spaniards
答案：D
分析及考点：主句句子缺主语。
参考译文：来自加勒比海群岛的西班牙人早在16世纪就开始开发现在众所周知的德州和新墨西哥州。
52. If volcanoes erupt explosively and cast fluid lava high into the air, _________, dispersed by the wind, gives rise to particles of various sizes.
A. the lava
B. and lava
C. when lava
D. which lava is
答案：A
分析及考点：整个句子缺主语。
参考译文：如果火山猛烈喷发，把岩浆在空中喷的很高，风就会吧熔岩吹散开，各种大小的颗粒就会飞升到空中。
53. North America displays more ________ than any other continent except Asia; only a true tropical environment is absent.
A. vary climate
B. climate varied
C. climatically varied
D. climatic variation
答案：D
分析及考点：词序和词组重心问题。天气变化，variation是中心词。
参考译文：北美比除了亚洲以外的其他大陆显示出更多的气候多样性，只缺了真正的热带环境。
54. Neurobiologists believe _________ endorphins and other neurochemicals may control our hunger for certain kinds of foods.
A. whose
B. that if
C. that
D. of those
答案：C
分析及考点：believe引导宾语从句，一定用that连接。
参考译文：神经生物学家认为，endorphins和其他神经化学物资控制着我们对某些种类食物的欲望。
55. A feature of Carlsbad Caverns in New Mexico is the nightly emergence, except during the winter hibernation period, of _________.
A. several bats million
B. bats million several
C. several million bats
D. million several bats
答案：C
分析及考点：词序和词义。中心词是bats。
参考译文：新墨西哥州的Carlsbad大洞穴的一个特色就是每夜出现的几百万只蝙蝠。
56. _________ 639 named muscles in the human anatomy.
A. As are
B. There are
C. Of the
D. That are
答案：B
分析及考点：there be句型。句子缺主谓。表示有的意思用there are。
参考译文：在人体解剖学中有639块命了名的肌肉。
57. _________, or striated, muscles are subject to the will and control of the body and are attached to the skeleton by tendons.
A. The voluntary are
B. There are voluntary
C. That the voluntary
D. The voluntary
答案：D
分析及考点：句子有主语谓语，缺修饰成分，AB都有多余的谓语动词。C中that多余，没有指代。
参考译文：主官性或者条纹状肌肉可以受意志和身体的控制所支配，它们通过肌腱跟骨骼相连。
58. Orchestra conductor Michael Morgan became interested in classical music as a high school student when _________ rehearsals of the National Symphony in Washington, D.C.
A. beginning his attending
B. did he begin attending
C. he began attending
D. began attending his
答案：C
分析及考点：定语从句中，要求主谓完整，词序正常。
参考译文：当管弦乐队指挥Michael Morgan还是高中学生的时候，在华盛顿排练民族交响乐的时候开始对传统音乐感兴趣了。
59. Virtually the same array of mammals _________ in the hills surrounding Los Angeles today occupied this area in the late Pleistocene era.
A. that they live
B. lives
C. that lives
D. that living
答案：C
分析及考点：主句谓语动词是occupied，所以是定语从句应用。
参考译文：事实上，现在生活在洛山基周围山上的同样系列的哺乳动物在更新纪的后期占据着这个区域。
60. Wood has been the _________ for furniture since antiquity.
A. commonly most material used
B. used material commonly most
C. commonly material used most
D. most commonly used material
答案：D
分析及考点：词序问题。Material是中心词。
参考译文：木头从古以来都是做家具最常用的材料。
托福语法题做题规律口诀
口诀一：一语法,二逻辑(语义),三用法
这一口诀概括的是托福语法题整体解题思路和策略,其含义是:
一语法: 做托福语法题,首先从“语法”层次开始.在这一层次,正确答案与干扰项之间的区分在语法(或句子成分)的差别上.无须弄懂句子的意思即可做对.
如: (1) —— were derived from Lation.
A. All Romance languages
B. While Romance languages
C. There are Romance languages
D. With Romance languages
上句中缺少的明显是主语,必须由一个名词性结构来充当.4个选项中,只有“A”项是名词性结构.答案只能是A.
(2) The (scientific) revolution of the early 1900's (affected) education by (change) the nature of (technology).
上句中介词by之后必须由名词性结构来充当宾语.后面的change虽然既可作动词,也可作名词,但由于其后面还有一个名词性结构,按照“两个名词不见面”的口诀——我们后面将具体讨论——这里只能为动词,所以C项错,答案为changing.
上面两道题均可以在不考虑句子意思的前提下即找到正确答案.这类题在托福语法“填空”部分占85%以上,在“改错”部分亦不低于60%.掌握这一规律并记住相应的规律和口诀可以大大地提高我们作题速度和质量.
二逻辑(语义): 有一些题仅靠对句子成分地分析无法找出正确答案.这时,我们就必须以语义地层次来考虑语言或意思上的逻辑关系. 如:
(3) She has not yet —— my invitation.
A. accepted B. will accept
C. excepted D. accepting
从“语法”即句子成分的角度看,缺少的是谓语动词,B,D两项显然不能入选,但A,C两项似乎都可以.这时就需要通过逻辑(语义)来加以分析.如选A项,句义为“她尚未接受我的邀请:.如选C项,句义为”她尚未把我的邀请排除在外“,这显然不合情理,有悖逻辑.故答案只能是A.
(4) Walt Disney (is) remembered by (an American family) everywhere for the distinctive and (irresistible) cartoon character he (introduced) to movies and television.
此句中语法关系自身似无问题,但B项的an American family(一个美国家庭)与后面的everywhere(到处,无所不在)从逻辑上相悖,为错.故答案是B.
三用法: 有个别题从”语法“和”逻辑“的角度都可接受,这时就必须考虑从”用法“层次区分问题了.如: (5) Plants receive their nutrients —— water,soil, and sunlight.
A. where B. over
C. in from D. from
上句从语法的层次分析, A,C两项均不可取.但B,D两项无论从语法还是逻辑上看都是可以被接受的.此时只能看用法了.由于receive一词用法上只能与介词from搭配,答案只能是D.
6) City officials (are) concerned (because) crime on public (transportation) (near) reached record highs this summer.
无论是从语法还是逻辑的角度看,上句均无问题.near一词通常具有形容词,副词,介词3种词性,而且还可以用作动词.用副词修饰动词绝无问题,且near具有接近,靠近的含义,与reached搭配似乎也没有什么不妥.但从语法的角度看,作副词的near只能与draw ,come 等不及物动词搭配,此处为错.故答案为D.
托福语法题做题规律口诀
这一口诀主要是用来解”填空“题的.我们所遇到的情况更多是题干的句子较长而且关系复杂,如按传统的方法先搞清楚句子内部关系,分辨出句子的基本意思,再找出相应缺少的成分——不但耗时很多,而且把握不大.这里,我们介绍的方法则简便了许多:将具有”独立“意义的句子 成分去掉——如果这时主句不缺少成分的化,也不予以考虑——只考虑剩下,不”独立“的成分.这样,关系简单了,正确答案也就容易找到了.而且绝大部分情况下,在”语法“层次—— 即不弄懂句义的情况下——即可选出正确答案.
那么,都有哪些成分时”独立成分“呢?主要有以下几种:
1.副词和不是用作前置定语的分词;
2.不定式,介词,分词,同位语等短语;
3.所有的从句.
这种方式究竟有多大的作用呢?下面我们来看几个例句:
(7) Geophysicists have collaborated with archaeologists and anthropologists to study the magnetic properties of pottery and fireplaces at sites —— by early humans.
A. occupied B. occupying
C. which D. were occupied
如果按照上面提到的标准去衡量,这个句子的题干就应该时这样的:
(Geophysicists have collaborated主句)(with archaeologists and anthropologists介词短语)(to study the magnetic properties不定式短语)(of pottery and fireplaces介词短语)(at sites介词短语)——(by early humans.介词短语) 将这些”独立成分“都去掉后就只剩下”Geophysicists have collaborated“.由于题干的主句及其它部分都不缺少成分,作为答案的选项也必须是一个”独立成分“.在不考虑词义的情况下,A,B,C3个选项似乎都可以.但是,如果B项可以的话,C也一定可以.反面证明两个选项都不 行,答案自然是A了.
(8) During the late fifteenth century, —— of the native societies fo America had professions in the fields of arts and crafts.外语学习
A. only a few B. a few but
C. few, but only D. a few only
还是按照前面提到的标准去衡量,这个句子的题干部分就会变成下面这样:
(During the late fifteenth century介词短语),——(of the native societies of America介词短语)had professions (in the fields介词短语)(of arts and crafts 介词短语).把独立成分去掉后就只剩下 ”—— had professions".一眼即可看出,句子缺少主语.答案自然就是A了.
篇8：托福写作综合能力如何提
托福写作综合能力如何提高?
1、托福听力笔记符号训练
记笔记是新托福综合写作最基本也是最重要的技能，阅读和听力的内容都要记录，尤其是讲座的内容。而尽管阅读材料隐去后还会再次出现，还是建议在阅读的时候尽量将主要东西记下来。记录的速度取决于考生对于单词简写或速记符号的熟练程度，考生可以参考托福听力笔记符号的相关资料，然后结合自己的习惯选择最适合自己的记忆符号。用两星期左右的时间，完善和熟练自己的速记能力和归纳能力。在这段时间里，考生要将重心集中在记录的内容是否准确，概括性是否全面的练习上，而在此过程中考生自身的“短期记忆力”也会由于这样的高强度训练得到很大的提高。
此外，一份成功的笔记应该是这样的：发现所听材料的隐含结构，找出观点的构架。为了避免在听力过程中记笔记会影响对讲座内容的把握，考生一定要注意记笔记在听力部分所占的比重。在完成听力部分内容的时候，切不可把记笔记当成是核心任务，而忽视听力的重要性，否则就会打乱对文章的理解。记笔记应该占据听力部分的30%，而剩下70%的就是专心听内容。
2. 综合新托福写作模板训练
综合写作的要求决定了它固定的写作方式，比如讲座要么是质疑或者反驳阅读文章，要么是支持或者加强阅读文章，所以只需要把相关描述质疑或者支持的固定语句背下来就可以。但是，模板是多变的，所以考生不用担心使用模板会造成雷同。要做的就是根据题目的要求和自己的特点，演变出适合自己的写作套路。
关于模板获取的方法，建议考生可以先认真读几篇优秀的范文;再用笔划掉其中涉及题目具体内容的部分;最后把余下来的部分抄写下来，再稍加变通和修改，就可以得到一个实用性比较强的模板。在平时也会学习一些综合写作的范文，而且会把范文中的模板记录下来，综合到一起，例如：①In the lecture, the professor is skeptical about the idea of the reading passage that……②The professor instead argues that the reasons in the reading……③the professor disproves the reading's idea that……像这样的句子在托福综合写作中是一定要出现的。因此，考生不用害怕会因为模板而造成失分。但是最好考生结合自己的习惯总结一份属于自己的东西。而且在临近考试之前多进行几次模拟训练，从而更好地巩固使用模板的能力。
3、托福写作综合演练
建议在托福考试前1周进行综合训练。所谓综合训练，就是考生要完全模拟托福考试的真实场景，不能像平时备考的时候一要，不看时间、反复听读等。这里需要考生一点，就是一定要在电脑里打作文，因为这样才能模拟实战的状态。此外，尽量不要用word写作文，用记事本或者其他不能自动纠错的工具。否则，考生就会养成打字错误的习惯，而如果考生使用记事本打字，就和真实的托福考试界面是一样的，这样考生就能够更加真实地模拟托福写作的场景，从而更加充分地完成托福综合写作任务。
新托福写作除了写作之外，还包含阅读和听力两个部分，甚是考察考生的英语综合能力。这里，我们可以通过新托福写作模板和听力笔记符号训练来提高写作能力，最后才是综合演练，以此考察自己是否有了很大的提升。
托福写作：简析“展开论证”
写作，作为语言类考试中较为主观类型的考察形式，特别提到的是第二部分任务，考生应当确切地陈述观点，并能清晰地论证展开。题目要求学生能运用reasons and examples来支撑观点，而评分标准中对于展开论证作出了确切的要求。
来看满分5分的内容要求：
评分标准中明确表示论证需要使用以下论证手法：解释、例证及细节，因此许多学生会了解到这些论证方式，而且通过一些培训课程会有意识地使用，今天我们就来概括性地理一理展开思路。
例题：
STEP 1审题及文章布局
是否同意过去的食品比现在的更加健康?题目非常清晰的出现了关键词：食品、古今对比、健康。所以在思考及最后文章写作的时候，学生必须考虑到这三个方面的相关性。接着，可以发现这道题可以用一边倒的方式写作，根据自己的主张找到三个简单直接的理由证明即可。
STEP 2 Main Idea
a. Fast pace of life
b. Modern agriculture
c. Overeating fatty food
STEP 3 Well Developed
在此，要提前提醒同学们，在主题句展开的时候需要紧扣题目，再次重申关键词：食品、古今对比、健康。
a. Fast pace of life
本段的展开中需要同学可以围绕针对以下这些问题：
什么是快节奏的生活：忙于工作、交通、会议、出差
引起什么问题：快餐-垃圾食品
First, the fast pace of life makes our food less healthy than before. Fast food is a good example. In the past, life was relatively easy for people. They did not need to go all the way to their companies, transferring buses and trains several times on the way. Their daily schedules were not as filled with meetings and business trips as today. They could all go home to enjoy dinners prepared at home by their family members. However, presently, almost everyone has to focus most of his or her hours on studying or working, while still trying to squeeze time for dinner. That is where fast food comes in. The sad truth today is that knowing about the risk of eating junk food, people still rush into KFC and McDonald’s to grab a bite in order to keep their timetable.
b. Modern agriculture
本段的展开中需要同学可以围绕针对以下这些问题：
现代农业有什么：科技(杀虫剂&化肥)
引起什么问题：有毒-疾病
What is more, the development of modern agriculture has contributed to unhealthy food.Before modern agriculture developed, every farmer just used natural fertilizer and focused on their limited farmland. However, the population explosion inevitably led to a revolution in modern agriculture technology, which greatly increased crops yields, and meanwhile, generated many food security risks. Agood case in point is the wide spread usage of chemical pesticide and fertilizer to protect crops from harmful insects and to increase production, but the residue of these chemicals directly caused many diseases, such as food poisoning, cancer, mal formation and mutation.
c. Overeating fatty food
本段的展开中需要同学可以围绕针对以下这些问题：
饮食习惯：暴饮暴食
引起什么问题：过渡摄入-富人病
Finally, but most importantly, overeating fatty foods has also affected our health adversely. The increase in material wealth of the entire population has created an environment of gluttony and overindulgence in food. For instance, meat, egg and milk now make up a larger proportion of people’s diet than before, increasing the average person’s intake of calories, oil and salt.In many hospitals, rich man’s diseases, like overweight, high blood pressure and diabetes are now commonly seen. This phenomenon, though people are aware of the problem, will continue to last, for we still continue to eat unhealthy food every day.
托福写作：灵活使用比喻句，让自己的文章更出彩
不久前，看到新闻推送说Uber的CEO大概要辞职了。因为之前左膀右臂纷纷离职，所以孤注一掷的首席执行官也要撑不下去了。于是，马上看到有段子手说
“So now Uber does not have a CTO, COO, CFO, and CEO on the edge of out, this is the closest Uber ever is to a self driving company.
Uber是如图嘀嘀打车的出行便利平台，2014年进入中国之后，仅仅3年就因为无法本土化而推出中国大陆，此后Uber在其他市场的行情也不乐观，即使在原产地美国，市场占有率也屈居于另外一个打车软件Lyft之后。Uber的总裁是卡兰尼克也是常青藤校的辍学生，在市场行情不好的情况下，仍然执意开辟无人驾驶领域。目前，Uber已经储备了无人驾驶(self-driving)的汽车投入匹兹堡市场进行试点。时隔不久，就传出了公司首脑分崩离析的消息。
这个小段子中“Self-driving”一词一语双关起到了讽刺的有趣效果。一方面，Uber提供驾车服务，也正在推行无人驾驶的服务，巧合地描述了公司。另一方面，现在Uber群龙无首，没有了COO，CFO，CTO甚至CEO来做司机，整个公司变成了一个无人驾驶的公司。读到的人有一种“笑着哭”的赶脚，感叹这家公司未来的悲惨境遇。语言委婉地说人家是自己会开车的公司，貌似要说它前景好，而实际的含义却出人意料。
修辞是语言的修饰，是表达的艺术，触动人的情感，是全世界共同的特征。人类都喜欢比较事物的相似和不同之处，在丰富的想象里中创造自己的世界。英语学习中，也有许多基于西方文化产生的修辞。双关需要一定的巧合才能创造妙语，但是比喻却随处可见。
钱钟书先生说：“比喻是文学语言的根本”。
汉语中说“热锅上的蚂蚁”
英语中说“like a cat on hot bricks”
汉语中说“蠢得像猪”
英语中说“as stupid as a goose”
汉语中说“一贫如洗”
英语中说“as poor as a church mouse”
汉语中《诗经》将琼瑶比做“爱情”
英语中卡夫卡将人比喻成“虫”
每个文化有自己的相似点，但是只要我们找到两个事物之间的相似点就可以自己构造字字珠玑的比喻句哦。
丨话不多说，模板现行
描述同类事物的比较
我们可以说A to B is what Cis to D
中文解释为A之于B好比C之于D
如果我们要说“对孩子恰当的表扬好比太阳之于花一样”
可以怎么说呢?
Appropriate praise to a child is what the sun is to a flower.
以上比较的点是说两者都很重要。
恰当的表扬对于孩子很重要
太阳对于花也很重要
其实重要性在托福写作中是非常常用的内容。
所以，我们再来练习一个说两者重要性相似的句子吧
“教育之于现代社会好比水对于鱼一样重要”
Education to modern society is what water is to fish.
学会了吗?
重要性的句子在托福写作中一定会用到呢。
拿上周六的托福真题“在家吃饭还是出去吃?”举个例子。
我们可以说 Having meals at home ensures our safety.
Healthy food to us is what the sun is to a flower.
健康食物对于我们来说就像太阳之于花一样重要
希望大家快快出师，灵活使用比喻句，让自己的文章更出彩，成为一个个Self-driving老司机哦。
祝大家考试顺利。
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