托福高分学霸4条阅读备考提分经验

时间：2025-09-22 07:59:56 阅读理解收藏本文下载本文

以下是小编精心整理的托福高分学霸4条阅读备考提分经验，本文共9篇，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

篇1：托福高分学霸4条阅读备考提分经验

【精选心得】托福高分学霸分享4条实用阅读备考提分经验

托福阅读过程中笔记怎么记?

托福阅读过程中记笔记的好处在于帮助学生记住段落的主题内容，甚至包括一些细节内容。这样可以方便我们做文章内容小结题。当然，记笔记也有缺陷，重点就在于时间问题，因为托福阅读的时间一般来说并不充裕，如果再算算上记笔记的时间，就更有可能做不完所有题目。所以，对于实力比较高的学生，本身时间充裕，则可以通过记笔记的方式加强对于段落主旨的理解;相反地，对于本身时间就有问题的学生来说，首先应该保证做完题目，记笔记就并不是非常必要。

托福阅读答题时间如何规划安排?

很多托福考生都会遇到托福阅读在规定时间内做不完的情况。一般来说，如果想要保证14道题在20分钟之内做完，最稳妥的安排应该是除单词题以及文章内容小结题之外每道题平均1.5分钟。当然，这个时间只是一个平均时间，对于一些比较难或者麻烦的题目，例如推理题和部分否定事实信息题，时间可能会更长一些，而相对比较容易定位的事实信息题，句子简化题以及文本插入题，则相对可以缩短一些时间。

托福阅读直接做题还是先读文章?

托福阅读中绝大多数题目都只包含某一段或者两段中的信息，所以对于考生来说，并没有必要在一开始就读一遍文章，而是应该根据题目来读文章。当然，很多考生可能又会问，如果这样读的话，是不是就不能知道每个段落的主旨大意了?其实不然，我们在做题的过程中，肯定需要读文章中的具体内容，也包括段落主旨大意，如果能够把做题以及读懂文章主旨结合在一起，这是最完美的。

托福阅读算分就按照OG给出的方法算吗?

现在的托福官方指南OG第四版给出的是最权威的算分体系，但是这种算分也只是一个大概的分数段，每次考试还会参考整体考试的情况来进行一些微调。比如说有些考生错的题目其他考生都几乎没有错，那么这道题对于这位考生的影响就会比较大;相反，如果考生错的题目是那种很难的，很多人都做错的题目，则对于分数的影响相对会小一些。

托福阅读素材：转基因作物问题

mustard n. 芥末;芥菜

molecular adj. [化学] 分子的

Exhausted adj. 疲惫的;耗尽的v. 耗尽

biological clock生物钟

yield n. 产量;收益vt. 屈服

manipulate vt. 操纵;操作;巧妙地处理

in tune with(与...)一致;(与...)协调

Changing Gene in Plant Could Yield More Crops

改变植物基因可以增加产量

Plants have a “biological clock” that tells them when to produce leaves, seeds and other growth. A new study says understanding that clock may help scientists develop crops that can feed a growing population in an increasingly warmer world.

Rob McClung is a scientist at Dartmouth College. He says scientists need to create ways to feed the nearly 10 billion people who will be living on Earth by the middle of the century.

He says estimates show that there will need to be an increase in the world food supply of about 50 to 60 percent in the next thirty-five years.

“And we're worried that the things that we've done to increase agricultural productivity may be becoming exhausted.”

To find new ways to increase productivity, Mr. McClung examined the biological clocks of plants. He learned that different genes in plants affect the plant's clock.

He published his findings in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. He says he identified a gene called GIGANTEA in a common species of the plant called field mustard.

He discovered that the speed of the gene's development can affect when the plant produces. Mr. McClung says the gene also affects how the plant deals with extreme cold and high levels of salt.

“We want to be able to predict if you do this to the clock, you will do this to crop yield.”

He says he hopes his research will give plant developers a molecular tool they can use to create a plant that can accept a higher level of salt or grow in a colder environment than usual.

“...we think that by manipulating the plant clock, we will be able to make plants that are better in tune with their environment and able to perform more effectively.”

Experts say the current growth in the production of the world's major food crops -- corn, rice, wheat and soybeans -- will not be enough to feed the 9.5 billion people who will be living on Earth in 2050.

长难句：

1.A new study says understanding that clock may help scientists develop crops that can feed a growing population in an increasingly warmer world.

句子类型：宾语从句+定语从句

句子拆分：

主干：A new study says…

宾语从句: understanding that clock may help scientists develop crops

定语从句: that can feed a growing population in an increasingly warmer world

翻译：一项新的研究表明：了解这种“生物钟“可以帮助研究者生产出在日益温暖气候中足够供给增长人口的作物。

2.He says he hopes his research will give plant developers a molecular tool they can use to create a plant( that can accept a higher level of salt or grow in a colder environment than usual).

句子类型：宾语从句+定语从句

句子拆分：

主干：He says…

宾语从句:he hopes his research will give plant developers a molecular tool they can use to create a plant

定语从句:that can accept a higher level of salt or grow in a colder environment than usual

翻译：他表示，他希望自己的研究结果可以给生产者一种分子水平的工具来用于生产可以耐高盐或者在高寒环境生长。

托福阅读素材：百度搜索推出日本市场

Chinese tech giant Baidu has shut down the Japanese search engine that it first launched in . The Baidu.jp site, which used to feature a Japanese-language search engine that hoped to rival Google and Yahoo in the country, now just features a mission statement and a bunch of email addresses for its business partners to reach out to.

中国科技巨头百度关闭了于首次发布的日语搜索引擎。该引擎曾是百度日本网站的一项功能，被寄予和谷歌、雅虎竞争日本市场的希望。但如今的百度日本只有一份使命宣言和一批商业伙伴的邮箱地址。

A Baidu spokesperson confirmed today to Tech in Asia that the Baidu Japan search engine is now shut. “But that doesn’t preclude the possibility that we will bring it back one day, or introduce our search technology services through other platforms in Japan,” he added.

今天，一名百度的发言人向Tech in Asia确认，百度日本的搜索引擎已被关闭。他还补充：“但这并不代表我们不会在未来某天重开百度日本搜索引擎，或是将我们的搜索技术用在日本的其它平台上。”

Despite this setback, Baidu is keeping open its Japan office and pursuing its popular Simeiji app, which is a keyboard for iOS and Android for typing Japanese.

尽管搜索引擎遭遇挫折，百度还将维持在日本的办公室，并继续致力于它大受欢迎的手机应用Simeiji。Simeiji是用于输入日语的键盘，兼容iOS和安卓平台。

“This was a business decision based largely on Baidu’s company-wide effort to focus our energies on becoming a fully mobile-first company,” said the Baidu spokesperson. “This means increasing our commitment to mobile and O2O when and where it’s most appropriate. In the Japanese market specifically, this move makes a lot of business sense. Smartphone penetration in Japan is now over 70 percent, and it’s a largely iOS-dominated market – over 60 percent market share as of December . Our iOS input app Simeji is very popular, with over 14 million users and and a top-ranking position on Apple’s App Store in Japan. That’s just one example of the mobile potential of the Japanese market.”

百度的发言人称：“整个百度公司都将集中力量，努力成为一家完全的移动优先的公司。很大程度上，关闭百度日本搜索引擎这项商业决定正是基于此。这意味着我们要在最合适的时间和地点增加对移动和O2O的投入。特别在日本市场，这一举措在商业上非常合理。，进入日本市场的智能手机份额超过了60%，而现在这一比例已经超过70%，这是一个非常大的iOS主导的市场。我们的iOS输入应用Simeji非常受欢迎，拥有1400万用户，并在日本的苹果应用商店里排名第一。这只是日本移动市场潜力的一个例子。”

Though Baidu Japan opened in 2007, it required a relaunch in after a shaky start. Yahoo Japan is the nation’s top search engine, followed by Google.

托福写作素材：甄嬛传将重磅登陆北美市场

There was a palpable dull thud of disappointment that accompanied the return of the imperial entourage of Zhen Huan to her homeland.

甄嬛以及众多小主的回归却让人明显地感到一阵阵的失望。

It followed a couple years of hushed excitement as Chinese fans were fed tidbits about their proud concubine who was supposed to conquer the high ground of the North American market.

近一两年来，中国的《甄嬛传》的粉丝时不时地了解到他们引以为傲的小主要占领北美电视剧高地，并窃喜不已。

Zhen Huan is, of course, the title character ofThe Legend of Zhen Huan, a television series that swept China off its feet and later took other Asian countries by storm.

甄嬛是电视剧《甄嬛传》的主角——这部的电视剧风靡中国，之后又席卷亚洲其他国家。

Two years ago, it was reported that HBO, a premium cable service headquartered in the United States, was going to air it in North America after some modification.

两年前，有报道称，美国纽约的付费有线电视网HBO将会在北美播放编辑版《甄嬛传》。现在，《甄嬛传》的精简版在Netflix网站在线播出。该版仅配有英文字幕，没有英语配音。

Now, a condensed version that provides English subtitles but no dubbing has finally been made available on Netflix for online streaming.

现在，《甄嬛传》的精简版在Netflix网站在线播出。该版仅配有英文字幕，没有英语配音。

This version, highly anticipated as a milestone in China's cultural foray overseas, has been widely panned by its home audience.

这个精简版被视为中国文化进军海外市场的一个里程碑备而受瞩目，但是却引发中国观众的广泛批评。

RetitledEmpresses in the Palace, the American version has been shortened from its original 76 episodes at 45 minutes each, to six 90-minute episodes. The quick pacing threw off many native viewers, who are accustomed to a more leisurely daytime-soap-style narrative rhythm. (Chinese TV stations would run two or three episodes every day.)

美版《甄嬛传》从原来的76集，每集45分钟的长度精简为6集，每集90分钟，剧名改为Empresses in the Palace(意为《宫中后妃》)。每集过快的节奏令美国观众很是不满，因为他们习惯了更加轻松的日间肥皂剧式的叙述节奏。(中国的电视台每天播2-3集)

I did not finish the full-length version and found the truncated one not difficult to follow. What's lost, I believe, are the interesting setups and pauses that illuminate the Chinese art of storytelling. Much of the plot is still there. It is the flavor that was sacrificed.

我没有看完完整版，但是觉得精简版也不难理解。我认为精简版丢失的是一些有趣的情节设置及停顿，这是中国叙事艺术的精华。大部分情节还是保留了，只是少了那种味道。

The American edition uses the framework of the Empress Dowager in her senior years reminiscing at the beginning and the end of each episode, hinting at what's to come and recapping the key points. This device, not used in the original, is culturally understandable but artistically mediocre.

篇2：托福写作高分学霸备考经验

托福写作高分学霸备考经验整理常用功能性句式一览

托福写作29分高手作文句式分享

1. 强调重要性的句式

(1) The importance of ... can never be overestimated.

注释：这个句子可在全文的任何地方出现，可以用于表达观点：As far as I'm concerned, the importance of learning English can never be overestimated.也可以用于总结：Thus, the importance of cultivating a sense of independence can never be overestimated.

(2) ... has been playing an increasingly important role in ...

注释：这个句子可用于开头：Today, Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our society。也可以在段落首用于表达观点，不过我个人通常用于表达观点，因为开头我有固定模板。

(3) ... is a strong determinant of ...

注释：这个句子类似(1)句，也是可以在任何地方出现，比如whether a student has developed some skills is a strong determinant of whether he can get a good job.

2. 权衡对比表达观点的句式

(1) when ..., we need to give full consideration to ...

注释：这句话很显然是用于表达观点的，我一般在第一段的最后一句使用：when deciding on building a chemical plant, the government should give full consideration to the advantages and disadvantages it will bring to the community.

(2) ... is valued more than ...

注释：这句也是用来表达观点的，我一般用在第一段：developing economy is valued more than protecting environment by some people。

(3) favor ... as opposed to ...

注释：相比之下更喜欢，也是用于表达观点：Many people favor protecting the environment as opposed to developing the economy alone.

3. 举例常用句式表达

有三种常用表达：

A perfect example can be found in ...

... serves as a perfect example

... has well illustrated this

例如：A perfect example can be found in Microsoft which insists on clean technology.

Microsoft, which insists on clean technology, serves as a perfect example.

Microsoft, which insists on clean technology, has well illustrated this.

举完例子觉得不够，就再加一个：

... is not alone in ...

比如：Microsoft is not alone in holding the idea。

然后就开始举另一个例子吧。

4. 描述结果的句式

(1) the attempt by ... to ... has been a tremendous success.

注释：这个句子也可以用于举例也可以用于总结：The attempt by the government to help gaint panda has been a tremendous success.

(2) a better understanding of ... will enable ...

注释：这个句子超有用，可以用于表达观点，可以用于总结，可以用于引出例子：A better underdtanding of ourselves will enable us to live better lives.

(3) an examination of ... will confirm such a fact that ...

注释：这个也超有用，我主要用来引出例证和表达观点： An examination of those students with excellent academic performance will confirm such a fact that diligence and efficient methods contribute a lot to their success.

(4) ... have generally come to recognize the wisdom of ...

注释：这个句子可放在开头：Most people now have generally come to recognize the wisdom of being able to speak English.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：spend money for outer space or basic needs

托福写作难点话题一览

Spend money exploring outer space, or for basic needs on Earth?

Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planets). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for our basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

陈述exploring outer space的重要性：国力(national power)的体现。参考例子：CNN曾有过一个专题节目 (monograph)专门讨论“美国人是否真的曾经登陆月球”(Did American Astronauts Really Reach the Moon.)结论是，美国政府作假(that event was a cheat)。陈述basic needs on Earth的重要性：多举几个例子。立场上，选择后者应该更容易写一些。

本话题高分范文赏析

In the last one hundred years, space exploration has become more and more common: a number of countries have reportedly sent spaceships to the moon, there are dozens of satellites orbiting the earth, and there are massive telescopes floating in space whose purpose is to find out what else could be out there. However, I tend to agree that governments should spend money for basic needs. Throughout the world, there are millions and millions of people who are homeless, and even cannot afford to eat. These people need help from the government. If the government has so much money to spend on space exploration, they should easily be able to have enough money to help these people gain entry to the working world. The government could set up programs which allow homeless people to train for jobs. This would be a much better way to spend money than exploring space. Pollution is another major problem which plagues all of the industrial nations. Instead of spending money on other planets, we should be focusing on how to fix the one we live on. The ozone layer is getting thinner and thinner every year, which means that the sun's radiation is causing more damage to people and the environment. The governments need to design a method to drastically reduce pollution, or else we might need to move to one of those other planets they are exploring! In addition to the problems of pollution and homelessness, the general population could use the money as well. In many countries, including our own, the health care and education system leave so many things to be desired. I think that more money should be put towards making citizens healthier and wiser. In conclusion, while the study of space is fascinating, I believe that governments spend too much money exploring the great unknown, when they should be focusing on the needs of people on earth.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：dancing play important role in culture

托福写作难点话题一览

Does dancing play an important role in a culture?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Dancing plays an important role in a culture. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

这个题目乍看起来很不好写。同意这个观点(Dancing is really important in every culture.)。可以采取it depends 的策略。舞蹈的娱乐作用(as a important mean of entertainments)也是important role in a culture，所以种文化中都有其独特的舞蹈形式(dancing form)。原始社会(primitive society)时，舞蹈是非常重要的。庆祝(celebration; festival)，祈祷(pray)，宗教仪式(ritual) 等等活动中，舞蹈都是最主要的组成部分(one of the most important components)。随着社会的发展，宗教仪式(ritual)演变成了歌剧(opera)，舞蹈仍然是很重要的娱乐手段。时间进入21世纪，各种娱乐手段开始丰富起来，舞蹈尽管已经不是主流的(main)娱乐方式，但是仍然非常重要。某年的奥斯卡(Oscar)得主就是一个歌舞剧(musical drama)——芝加哥(Chicago).

本话题高分范文赏析

There are a number of qualities that have always been present in cultures, recent or ancient. These qualities can be anything from art forms to culturally gained knowledge. These qualities make the culture unique, and allow the culture to offer something interesting to the world. Throughout history, dancing has always played such a role in cultures. This is because dance allows us to express emotion, preserve heritage, and entertain. Dancing has always held a high position in culture, as it is an excellent way of expressing emotion. Much like the painter using color to convey emotion, dancers can use their body as a tool to show the onlooker their happiness, sadness, pain, etc. Dancing is also an excellent method of retaining and preserving culture. Many cultures have dance as part of their ceremonies, whether the ceremony is religious or patriotic in form. For example, it is a widely practiced norm to have people dance out a glorious moment in battle. In religion, it is common for people to dance to appease the God or Gods. Because of this, dancing is an excellent way to maintain culture, and ensure that important moments of the past are not forgotten. In modern days, it is much more common for dancing to be seen as a form of entertainment. Dancing has become somewhat of a sport in some countries, for example, ballroom dancing is very popular in the United States. There are hundreds of bars and disco clubs all over China which focus on dancing. They provide disc jockeys, more commonly referred to as “D.J.s”, and play loud, repetitive music which encourages the young people to dance. There are many different styles of dance, but all bring the dancer to have fun, and get a good workout at the same time.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：Living places and weather changing

托福写作难点话题一览

Living in places that have the same weather all year long, or in areas where the weather changes several times a year?

Some people prefer to live in places that have the same weather or climate all year long. Others like to live in areas where the weather changes several times a year. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

写作思路展开结构分析

随便选择哪一个都无所谓，之后罗列三个好处。比如，作为出生在北方的人，到了一年四季天气差不多的南方才发现，原来没有四季变化有很大的经济意义：一年两套衣服足矣，不像在北方，四季分明，总是花很多钱去买换季的衣服(change dress proper for the season)。再比如，四季分明，就多了很多自然景观。有很多南方人一辈子都没有亲眼见到(witness; with one's own eyes) 过雪。

本话题高分范文赏析

Because China is such a vast country, the weather and climate changes dramatically from one part of the country to another. Some parts have a mild, warm temperature all year long, whereas other regions of the country have weather patterns that shift dramatically from hot to cold over the year. Given the choice to live in one type of climate or the other, I would choose to live in a region where the weather is constantly changing throughout the year. The reasons for this are varied. First, I enjoy the different seasons. Second, I take pleasure in many different sports, some of which require warm weather, and others require the cold. Finally, I enjoy living in a region with constantly changing weather because I think that change is good for one's health. As mentioned above, one aspect I love about living in a region with changing climates is the shift in seasons. I really enjoy walking through a city and being able to see the trees turn from bright green in the summer, to brown in the fall, to bare in the winter, and then come back to life again in the spring. I find the process of nature very beautiful, and appreciate living in a city where I can observe these changes. In addition to enjoying the seasons, I also get pleasure from playing a wide variety of sports. Some of these sports require summer weather, like swimming, but others require winter weather, like skiing or ice-skating. By living in a region with extreme changes in seasons, I am able to enjoy all of my favorite activities. Finally, I enjoy living in an area with changing temperatures because I believe that the extreme temperatures are good for one's health. By allowing one's body to adjust to the extremes, one builds their immune system and is healthier overall. Overall, I find that living in a changing environment is more interesting than living in one where the climate is always constant. I find that if I am sick of the cold in the winter, I can always take a short plane ride to somewhere that is warmer.

篇3：托福写作高分学霸备考经验

托福写作高分学霸备考经验整理独立综合两篇文章写法结构分析

托福综合写作文章结构分析

综合写作因为有个reading 可以参考所以很好写，只要记下了listening里的要点，再依次呈现即可。

开篇：一句话，说明reading 和listening是有明显不同的。

中间段：每一段一个点，论述reading 和listening的不同。

结尾段：不用写。

托福独立写作写法结构讲解

独立写作的结构较为复杂，我们从第一段开始。

开头段，请分为三句话。background statement描述背景，opinions描述两边的观点。topic 表达我自身的观点。我个人喜欢用一边倒的方式写托福作文，当然中立观点也能写。在topic段落中，除了表达观点，我建议把接下来会使用的论点全都用一两个词概括出来，总领全文。这样写下来，大概是80个字。

接下来就是中间段了。对于一边倒式的文章，建议写三个中间段，每一段70个字。第一个中间段赞颂反方论点，说它怎么怎么好，随后一个转折，后两个中间段各阐述一个自己的观点。一段只讲一个论点，一个论点必须在一段话中完成。对于持中立型的文章，建议分成两段，各100字。在每一个段落中，阐述两个支撑论点。这样一来，无论是一边倒还是持中立，我们都要完成200字左右的阐述，并且正反兼顾。

结尾段，20到40字，用一句固定的话可以直接完成。

我们的目标是在独立写作时，拿到题目立刻开始写开头段，在无脑写作开头段的过程中想出论点，并在开头段结尾处概括出来，接下来用中间段给予论述。最后无脑写结尾段。

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：choose a place to live at university

托福写作难点话题一览

Living in university housing or in an apartment in the community?

Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live in apartments in the community. Compare the advantages of living in university housing with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference.

写作思路展开结构分析

一定要进行比较。住在宿舍的优缺点：便宜(不用付或者付很少的租金;很少的交通费用);方便;但是可能不自由。自己租房子住的优缺点：自由;安静;干净;但是费用高 (也许合租的话，就会便宜很多)。根据自己的情况进行选择。

本话题高分范文赏析

Being a new student at a university is an excitement. Choosing where to live, whether on campus in a dormitory, or off campus in an apartment, is in fact quite a big decision. Both of these options have their relative benefits. Living in a dormitory has many advantages over living off campus. For example, one has the opportunity to meet dozens of new students. One is usually placed in a room with a roommate, who can help with homework, and give much needed support during difficult times. Another advantage of living in a dormitory is not having to cook food. Most students coming to a university have lived their whole lives with their parents, and inexpert at preparing food, for they were not in charge of the cooking in home. Many students who first learn to cook their own food while going to school eat a very unhealthy diet. On top of this, many students are so preoccupied with their studies that they do not have time to cook a nutritious meal. Therefore, the fact that the dormitories include a cafeteria is very beneficial. However, living off campus has its advantages as well. In most situations, one has much more freedom to do what they want in these living conditions. For instance, one can stay up late studying or come home late without disturbing a roommate. Also, one is not limited to the cafeteria food if he/she is a particular eater. Living by oneself also has its benefits. One never has to deal with rude or messy roommates. Overall, I think that both of these options are good choices. However, I recommend that first or second year students live in a dormitory, and perhaps wait until they are older and more accustomed to university life before venturing out on their own. This way, one gets the best of both worlds: the camaraderie of living with many people and the independence of living by oneself.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：artists' contribution or scientists' contribution

托福写作难点话题一览

Artists' contribution or scientists' contribution, which is more valuable?

It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

不要急于选择;一定要进行比较陈述科学家做出的贡献和陈述艺术家做出的贡献在不同的时期(比如战争时期vs和平时期)，二者做出的贡献不同。

本话题高分范文赏析

Art and science are essentially a strange coupling. Yet more often than not, they are considered as divergent rather than consistent with each other. The artist employs image and metaphor; the scientist uses number and equation. By casual juxtaposition, these two fields seem to have little in common: there are few, if any, references to art in any standard textbook of science; art historians rarely interpret an artist's work in light of the conceptual framework of science. Despite what appear to be irreconcilable differences, however, they do have at least one thing in common—both of them have significant contribution to the society, but through probably distinctive way. The development of science and technology has always accompanied the progress of the society. The invention of the steam engine brought a new era of thrift of world economy; the employment of electricity has multiplied the productivity and virtually reproduced limited resources on the Earth; the innovation of computer technologies has made the Earth a little village and connected distant countries as a single market. While sometimes the progress of science and technology, such as that of human cloning, cause troubles or originate dilemmas, it seems always undeniable that in a broad sense, the development of science has provided people a much higher standard of living than that of their counterparts in any phrase of the history. Visualization and fascination have been the major power of any form of art. For example, any' religion in this world cannot exist without music, which helps realize the faith of the church to an astonishing extent. Each and every revolution on this earth was accompanied by numerous corresponding art productions, because the artists sense the circumstances, and then reflect their sensations with sophisticated techniques in their production, which can be easily perceived by the public through powerful empathy. Nobody could evaluate art as correct or not standard, needless to say the public, they simply feel it is good or not, therefore art has always had magic influence on the public and society in general. However, it's been said that there is no science without fancy and no art without facts. Science fictions have long been functioning as a major vehicle for the public dissemination of science; scientists share parallel view of space, time and light, etc. with artists. Not only are art and science interrelated with each other but they also contribute to each other in various way. Therefore, it is hard to compare the contributions of art and science, it is simply partial to say that either one contributes more to the society than another does.

托福独立写作难点话题思路解读和高分范文赏析：should students evaluate their teachers

托福写作难点话题一览

Should schools ask students to evaluate their teachers?

Schools should ask students to evaluate their teachers. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

写作思路展开结构分析

有保留地同意 (agree with reservations)。学生在评判教师时，是否全部学生都可以客观评价(objective evaluation)?是否有足够的能力(包括academic knowledge等等)去进行客观评价? 如果采取了这样的方式，就会出现老师迎合(cater to/ pander to/ play up to students' taste)学生而不是引导 (guide; lead)学生，违背了教育的原则。保留意见/这种方式：允许学生进行评价，但是应该作为一个参考，同时要有其他的评判方式。

本话题高分范文赏析

Teachers have a very difficult job in society. They not only have to learn how to teach material effectively, but also must learn how to deal with a wide variety of personalities. While teaching is a difficult job, I think it is important for schools to ask students to evaluate their teachers. I think this is the right thing to do because it encourages teachers to try their best, it gives students the opportunity to choose effective teachers, and it allows the schools to have the best teachers possible teaching. If a teacher knows that at the end of the term, the students will be evaluating his/her work, then the teacher will be driven to do a very good job. If there is no pressure from evaluation, a teacher might be prone to doing a less than perfect job. I believe that everyone needs an occasional evaluation to ensure they are doing their job correctly. In the case of a teacher, the students will give the most important evaluations. If there was a public summary of which teacher scored the highest on his/her evaluations, then students would be able to take courses based on which teacher was the best at the job. This would allow students to excel in their studies, and achieve better grades. Finally, if schools ask students to evaluate their teachers, the schools themselves would be able to have the best teachers working on campus. If a teacher scored too low on an evaluation, a replacement could be found. This is a much better method than waiting for students to complain about a teacher. Teachers do have a difficult job, but regardless of this, they must excel at it. If a person is a particularly poor teacher, the students will not learn the required material, and suffer for it.

篇4：托福阅读高分备考经验

托福阅读高分备考经验

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：提前积累词汇

如果新托福阅读基础一般的同学，想要参加托福考试，最好提前准备起来。一本好的词汇书是必不可少的。其实背哪一本词汇书不是重点所在，重要的是能够持之以恒，每天对所背的词汇进行复习和总结。

因为你在做托福考试词汇题时如果能遇到你熟悉的词，可以节省你回到文章中去看上下文猜词的时间。虽然不能保证背到就一定能考到，但是单词可以帮助你更好的理解文章。

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：把握文章结构

接下来大家要从理解文章的结构开始理解新托福阅读文章。我们要明白，托福考试的阅读文章都是北美校园基础课程的文章，基本没有做过改动。所以文章的结构就是完全按照美式作文的五段法，我们的考生只要用这样的方式去分析每一篇文章，就会发现他们的结构是大同小异的。

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：积累背景知识

托福阅读技巧中要积累背景知识对我们来说相当的重要，因此我们在做新托福阅读的题目的同时，也应该在空余的时候多阅读课外读物，原版杂志。譬如，国家地理，自然，今日美国等一些著名的原版杂志，这不仅可以扩充我们的背景知识，同时也可以补充我们在词汇量上的不足。

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：做多模考练习

在新托福阅读考试复习的最后阶段，做做模拟练习题是必不可少的。如果有条件的话，最好做一下模考软件。因为这样可以模仿新托福机考的真实场景。

托福阅读材料之预报地震

(一)

Earthquakes are a common geological phenomenon; they happen all over the world every single day. However, most of the earthquakes are too weak for humans to feel. Since the dawn of time, man has sought to forecast earthquakes due to the possibility of their devastating effects. Even though earthquakes cannot be forecasted or predicted with 100 percent certainty, there are some things that you can do to help forecast earthquakes.

Look at geologic maps to find the locations of past earthquakes. Maps showing the locations of past earthquakes are available from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). By looking at these maps, you can see where earthquakes may be likely to occur again based on where they have occurred in the past.

Obtain information on when earthquakes have occurred in the past. In some locations that have experienced multiple earthquakes in the past, there may be some periodicity or pattern to when those earthquakes occurred. Knowing this periodicity can help you forecast when an earthquake may occur in the future. The USGS also has information on when earthquakes have occurred.

(二)

Examine seismograms, tracings or recordings of seismic activity at a particular location. If you see an increase in seismic activity on a seismogram, a large earthquake may soon follow.

Observe rocks in various areas. Sometimes, rocks will contain layers of disturbed sediments that indicate ancient, severe earthquakes. Knowing the locations of these past severe earthquakes can indicate that future severe earthquakes may occur in these same areas.

Take note of foreshocks. Sometimes large earthquakes are preceeded by smaller earthquakes known as foreshocks. If small earthquakes are occuring in a particular area over a particular period of time, then a larger, more severe earthquake may be forecasted for that area.

Look at the behavior of animals. Although highly controversial, some animals, such as dogs and cats, may change their behavior patterns prior to an earthquake.

Think about tidal forces. Tidal forces as predictors of future earthquakes is an unproven theory. The phenomenon, known as syzygy, says that tidal patterns can be used to forecast earthquakes, especially those involving oceanic crust.

托福阅读之答题方法集锦

一、各种阅读文章结构的处理

1.N1,n2,n3…..

处理方法：找一个认识的词来读

2. N1 of n2 of n3

处理方法：核心词n1

3. N1 or n2;n1 and n2

处理方法：找一个认识的词来读

4. A such as B,C,D

处理方法：找一个认识的词来读

5. In addition to…,…./It is not just…,… Rather than…,….

处理方法：找一个认识的词来读

6. More…than…

处理方法：than之后不读

7. As well as…=and

8. S,…,VO…; SV,…,O处理方法：两个逗号中间不读

9. That的处理方法：

N+that +V… that后不读

V+that…读that后面的

二、读句子主干主语，谓语，宾语及名词性从句。

这些成分是能表达一个句子的主要意思的最主要的部分，所以在不需要特殊关注的时候，大家就可以把注意力放在这些成分上。而且通过这些成分的分析，基本上文章的意思就可以连起来了。

三、意群若后一句话进一步解释前一句则不读。

想要在解答托福阅读文章后面的题目中有更多的优势，大家就需要在备考的过程中更加的放宽思路，从更多的角度进行准备。综合使用不同的方法可以让大家的备考更加的具有时效性。

托福

篇5：托福高分考生口语备考提分经验心得

托福高分考生分享口语备考提分经验心得汇总

1、结合模考提升应试经验

要想回答问题深入透彻，首先要摸透托福出题人的思路，弄明白人家想让你回答什么。这需要大量地做真题和模拟题，从规律中掌握题路。这点是用于各个部分的考试的真理，不用多言。

2、表达注重内容多于语法

美国人说话最讲究简洁明快，而且通常只求达意并不注重语法。ETS托福网考基于实际应用的角度，更加注重语言的人性化，所以，在做口语题的时候学生应该学会多用名词动词，少用形容词副词，多用简单句短句，少用复合句长句。这样不仅可以满足“表达清晰易懂”的评分条件，同时还能满足“语法准确”的要求，可谓一石二鸟之计。当然，中间适当点缀一两句烂熟于胸的经典俚语，效果自然事半功倍。

3、按照标准答题套路回答

因为时间短，任务重，而且要满足“组织严密结构完整”的要求，那么一个比较不错的办法就是效法新闻的经典写法“倒金字塔结构”。第一步，正视问题，直接回答答案。第二步，紧紧围绕核心答案再有一部分解释分析。第三步，讲一些相对而言比较外延的东西。这样一来，即使时间不够的情况下，少说一部分并不影响答案的整体性，并且重点突出，条理清晰。但是，最后一定要记得在结尾处重新点题，这样首尾呼应的结构会使主题非常突出。

4、做听力笔记先记5个W

所谓经典五要素，是 WHO、WHAT、WHY、WHERE、HOW。“谁，在什么时间什么地点做了什么事情，理由是什么?”在考试中，遇到课堂对话和场景演讲，要在做笔记的时候将这些要素点记下来，然后在答题的时候将这些要素组织起来，就是一段逻辑性强、主题明确、结构完整的口语答案了。

5、纠正模仿语音从录音开始

托福考试是基于美式英语基础上的考试，而且口语的评分老师也是美国人，所以如果能熟练掌握“美音”，在口语这种主观题考试里是有便宜可占的。最好的办法就是：精听和跟读。在精听的过程中，要学会找出“听力词汇”，就是外国人常连读的那些词和常用的一些连词，将它们烂熟于胸，据为己有。然后进行跟读训练，将自己的声音录下来与原声对比，然后再反复纠正、模仿，直至以假乱真。这样你的口语才会给评分老师留下自然、地道的印象。

6、控制回答语速保持稳定通顺

在TOEFL口语考试中，中等偏慢的语速是保证停顿次数减少的一个办法，放慢的语速可以让你边说边想。如果一旦出现思想断流，这时候在精听过程中已被你据为己有的常用连词就会出来填补空间，使整个答案保持流畅。

7、口语用词要更地道接地气

词汇不讲究量，2500个左右足矣，不讲究难度，常用词足矣，关键是熟练掌握和运用一些小的转折连词、动词和美国口语的惯用方法，这能让整个口语听起来感觉精彩。比如，描述一个人聪明的时候，如果你用的是smart而不是clever，会给人眼前一亮的感觉，会感受到你的口语是流淌出来的，而不是挤出来的。

托福口语中怎样表达对话结束

1、We can continue this conversation tomorrow. 我们可以明天继续谈。

2、What do you say if we end this conversation here? 我们就谈到这里，你看怎么样?

3、Is it alright if we finish this debate another time? 我们改天再解决这一争论好吗?

Formal

1、Thank you for your time. 谢谢你抽空和我谈话。

2、I hope we can keep in touch. 希望我们能经常保持联络。

3、We should try to call each other more often. 我们应该经常地通通话。

Informal

1、Got to go. 我得走了。

2、Catch you later. 待会儿见。

3、Talk to you soon. 我会再打电话给你的。

Ending a chat online 终止在线聊天

Formal

1、I have to end our conversation now. 我现在必须结束我们的谈话了。

2、Let's meet again on-line soon. 让我们很快在网上再见。

3、I'm dying to chat with you on-line again. 我非常渴望能和你再次在网上聊天。

Informal

1、Got to get offline. 我要下线了。

2、Let's chat later. 我们过些时候再聊。

3、Good chatting with you. 和你聊得很开心。

Informal

1、Let's finish up. 让我们结束吧。

2、Let's talk about this later. 这我们以后再谈。

3、I don't have anything more to say. 我要说的都说完了。

托福口语模板之电脑游戏是否浪费时间

托福口语范文：

I do believe that playing video games is a waste of time. This is a true story, from my own life. In my first year in high school, I was addicted to video games. I played them all the time and I wasn’t studying enough. I was failing chemistry. That was my hardest class. So this was a conflict for me, because I wanted a good job when I grew up, and I believed, I knew, that if you want a good career, you got to do well in school. I quit playing after I thought about it long and hard. A few months later, I saw great improvement with my grade, and I haven’t played much even since.

篇6：托福阅读高分备考心得经验

托福阅读高分备考心得经验整理

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：提前积累词汇

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：把握文章结构

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：积累背景知识

托福阅读满分学霸备考经验：做多模考练习

托福阅读：怎样找到正确答案

一、列举和并列句

列举指的是： FirstFirst,Second,Third,逐条列出。;等逐条列出。并列句是指： A ， B and C ，即逐项列出。它们共同的特征是列出二点或三点以上的条目。该类型语言点常考的题型是“细节性问题”，主要有两种：

1. Which 题型

该题型只要求从并列的三顶中选一项作为答案，其它条目与题目无关。在这种情况下，往往题目的答案出自最后一个选项。

2 . EXCEPT 题型

该题型俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目 4 个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合，题目便是要求选出这个不符合文章内容的选项。例如： All of the following are mentioned as types of evidence concerning handedness EXCEPT /P>

这种题型只适合于考并列、列举句，这是因为它要求其三个选项一定是文章中出现的，也就是并列或列举之处。利用这一特点.我们在读文章的时候就可多留意，如看到并列、列举句，可预想其有可能被考到;如发现题目中有“三缺一”题型，则应到并列、列举处找答案。

二、否定及转折句

否定句是指带有 NO 或 NOT ， NEVER 等否定词的句子，而转折句则指带有 HOWEVER ， BUT 或 RATHER 等关联词引导的句子，它们可以用下面的句型说明： A is not B ， as C ， but is D 。对于以上的句型常出“推断性问题”。

三、举例句

句中由 as 或 such as ， for example 等引导的短语或句子为举例句，常考“推断性问题”和“细节性问题”。上面句型中的 as C 为插入的举例句。

四、数字与年代

文中的数字、年代、日期等常常是出题者注意的考题点，如年 10 月第 48 题。

五、最高级及绝对性词汇

文章中若出现 must ， all ， only ， anyone ， always ， never 等绝对性词汇或 first ， most beautiful 等最高级词汇，往往是考题要点，一般出“细节性题目”。这是因为它们都有一个共同的特点，那就是概念绝对，答案唯一，无论是出题还是做题，不会产出歧义和疑问，因此很容易出题，答案绝对正确。相反地，如果文章中出现相对性的词汇、例如 Some of the people chose red hats,some chose green hats,and others blue ones. 其中 some 为相对性词汇，如果我们出这样一道题： What color hats did some people choose? 那么就没有唯一正确的答案，因为有可能为 red,green 或 blue ，给评卷带来困难。

六、比较级及比喻

如果文中含有 more than 或 as as ， like ( a fly )等句型，则为比较级或比喻句结构，往往也是考题点，一般出“推断性题目”。

七、同位语及插入语

文章中带有由 that is ， i.e. ， or 等词汇引导的名词词组，放在一个名词后面，为同位语;插入语是指副词、不定式、分词、从句等结构故在句首，句中或句尾，不做句子成分，但修饰整个句子、表达作者感情的语法结构。这些用逗号隔开的持殊结构往往也是考查的重点，一般会出“细节性题目”。

八、因果句

句中若有如下结构或词汇的称为因果句：

(1) 因果连词： because ， since ， for ， as ， therefore ， so ， consequently 等

(2] 表示因果的动词： cause ， result in ， originate from 等;

(3) 表示因果的名词： base, basis, result,consequence 等，这些因果句都是指明某两个事件之间因果关系的，尤为出题者所青陈.因为通过出题可以考查文中两个事件内在的因果关系。此种句型一般出“推断性问题”。

九、段落句

文章各段第一句 ( 段首句 ) 和末段员后一句 ( 文尾句 ) 都是十分重要的地方，往往是文章作者表达中思想，进行总结综述的地方，因此常出 (1) 主题性问题， (2) 细节性问题.和 (3) 结构性问题。

十、特殊标点

有一些特殊标点的含义也属于考查范围，它们是：

(1) 破折号，表示解释.考细节性问题;

(2) 括号，表示解释.考细节性问题;

(3) 冒号，一股同上，有时冒号也表示列举，则考“ EXCEPT ”题目;

(4) 引号.表示引用，考细节性问题：

(5) 惊叹号，表示作者感情，考态度性问题。

托福阅读：易错词组

1) quite 相当 quiet 安静地

2) affect v 影响，假装 effect n 结果，影响

3) adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行

4) angel 天使 angle 角度

5) dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记

6) contend 奋斗，斗争 content 内容，满足的 context 上下文 contest 竞争，比赛

7) principal 校长，主要的 principle 原则

8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的

9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放弃 dissert 写论文

10) pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲，打

11) decent 正经的 descent n 向下，血统 descend v 向下

12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水

13) later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近

14) costume 服装 custom习惯

15) extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的

16) aural 耳的 oral 口头的

17) abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机)

18) altar 祭坛 alter 改变

19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音

20) champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役

21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古仓

22) beam 梁，光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式

23) precede 领先 proceed 进行，继续

24) pray 祈祷 prey 猎物

25) chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房

26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驴

27) chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳

28) cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视觉

29) clash (金属)幢击声 crash 碰幢，坠落 crush 压坏

30) compliment 赞美 complement 附加物

31) confirm 确认 conform 使顺从

32) contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照

33) council 议会 counsel 忠告 consul 领事

34) crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛

35) dose 一剂药 doze 打盹

36) drawn draw 过去分词 drown 溺水

篇7：托福阅读备考提分高分考生指点应对方法

托福阅读备考提分需解决这3个问题高分考生指点应对方法

托福阅读生词问题应对方法

托福考试中词汇是比较重要的考点，而阅读则是考察词汇量的主要部分之一，因此考生想要做好阅读，首先就需要解决词汇问题，特别是在考试中遇到生词时的应对技巧。托福阅读中的文章很多都是从一些原版刊物上选取改编而成的，因此文章涉及到的话题范围也相当之广，科学文化、自然科技、历史艺术、天文地理等等无所不包。而这就会造成文章中常会出现各类大家在背托福单词时也没有接触过的生词。因此，考生首先要有在托福阅读中遭遇生词“偷袭”的心理准备。有些同学做阅读遇到生词就会产生恐慌心理影响发挥，这其实是完全没有必要的，应对生词完全可以通过采用这些方法来进行合理应对不影响做题：

1. 如果生词本身是属于专业性的词汇，那么这些词汇出现的目标就并不是为了考察大家的词汇量，而是检查考生应对生词的应变能力。而且这些生词本身也常会成为出题点，考生只要围绕这类词汇多加留意就会发现不少用于理解生词和解答题目的线索。

2. 其次，生词常会附带有解释说明，有时候紧跟在词汇之后以同位语形式出现，有时候则会给出线索让大家结合上下文得出解释。托福考试阅读的大部分生词都是以这种形式存在的，大家如果不认识这类词汇，直接在词汇周围其实就能找到解答，不用担心会出现不认识生词就做不了题的情况。

托福阅读时间不足要这么做

除了生词问题外，考生在做托福阅读时还有一个比较容易遇到的问题就是时间限制。大家都知道托福考试的时间限制是比较严格的，阅读部分也是如此，考生假如在备考中没有专门做过限时方面的训练，实战中发现做题时间不够用也就很正常了。面对时间不够用的情况，小编建议大家具体情况具体分析，到底是阅读速度太慢还是解题效率偏低，找到耗时太多的原因之后再进行一些针对性的训练来解决问题。另外，如果时间问题真的很严重，甚至到了会影响整体答题节奏的地步，那么大家也不妨考虑对于某些明显会消耗很多时间的阅读题目采取直接猜答案跳过的方法来进行应对。虽然放弃一道题目有点可惜，但如果能够因此而获得更多时间做对更多后面的题目，小编认为这种牺牲其实也是完全值得的，毕竟有舍才能有得。

托福阅读看不懂文章解决方法

最后要说的就是托福阅读中出现的看不懂文章的情况。文章看得太快，或者看到后面忘了前面都会造成文章看不懂的问题。而降低速度又可能导致时间不够用。可能大家会因此觉得不知道如何平衡两者之间的关系。小编的建议是考生自己通过多做题来尝试找到速度和理解力之间的平衡点。如果出现看不懂的情况就适当放慢速度，能看懂了再稍微提个速，反复测试之下应该很快就能找到最适合自己的阅读速度，既能保证读文章的效率又不会影响对文章的理解。这样一来问题就得到解决了

托福阅读：长难句的攻略

1.定语(包含后置定语与定语从句)

2.同位语

3.并列结构

4.that引导的各种从句

5.插入结构

6.独立主格

7.倒装句

8.强调句

9.虚拟语气

对于不同类型的难句，把握主干的方法也不一样。以倒装句为例，主要有下列情况：

1.方位副词放在句首

Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine。

2.介词放在句首

Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young are common murres, Atlantic puffins, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets。

3. 形容词放在句首

Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well: that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony。

4.过去分词放在句首

Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”， the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent。

5.现在分词放在句首

Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans。

句子倒装的目的主要有两个：

一是被提前的部分被强调，如上述的第四句：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，其中的accustomed按照正常语序应该放在are之后：Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”。之所以将accustomed提前，是为了强调它。二是为了句子的平衡，否则将导致头重脚轻的效果，如上述的第一句、第三句和第五句。以第五句为例，按照正常语序应该是：Fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans were missing until recently。但是这种句子结构比较糟糕，因为主语及其修饰语过长(从句首直到cetaceans)，而谓语部分were missing until recently较短，容易造成头重脚轻的效果。第五句将missing提前，避免了这一现象。

托福阅读：怎样快速识别出题意图

一、列举和并列句

列举指的是： First,... Second,... Third,.。。等逐条列出。并列句是指：A ，B and C，即逐项列出。它们共同的特征是列出二点或三点以上的条目。该类型语言点常考的题型是“细节性问题”，主要有两种：

1. Which 题型

该题型只要求从并列的三顶中选一项作为答案，其它条目与题目无关。在这种情况下，往往题目的答案出自最后一个选项。

2 . EXCEPT 题型

该题型俗称“三缺一”题型，即题目 4 个选项中有三个符合文章内容，剩下一个不符合，题目便是要求选出这个不符合文章内容的选项。例如： All of the following are mentioned as types of evidence concerning handedness EXCEPT ??? 这种题型只适合于考并列、列举句，这是因为它要求其三个选项一定是文章中出现的，也就是并列或列举之处。利用这一特点。我们在读文章的时候就可多留意，如看到并列、列举句，可预想其有可能被考到;如发现题目中有“三缺一”题型，则应到并列、列举处找答案。

二、否定及转折句

托福听力段落题型及解题要点

如何用逆向搜索法得高分

如何提高托福听力水平

否定句是指带有 NO 或 NOT ， NEVER 等否定词的句子，而转折句则指带有 HOWEVER ， BUT 或RATHER 等关联词引导的句子，它们可以用下面的句型说明： A is not B ， as C ， but is D 。对于以上的句型常出“推断性问题”。

三、举例句

句中由 as 或 such as ， for example 等引导的短语或句子为举例句，常考“推断性问题”和“细节性问题”。上面句型中的 as C 为插入的举例句。

四、数字与年代

文中的数字、年代、日期等常常是出题者注意的考题点，如 1996 年 10 月第 48 题。

五、最高级及绝对性词汇

六、比较级及比喻

如果文中含有 more than 或 as ??? as ，like ( a fly )等句型，则为比较级或比喻句结构，往往也是考题点，一般出“推断性题目”。

七、同位语及插入语

文章中带有由 that is ，i.e. ，or 等词汇引导的名词词组，放在一个名词后面，为同位语;插入语是指副词、不定式、分词、从句等结构故在句首，句中或句尾，不做句子成分，但修饰整个句子、表达作者感情的语法结构。这些用逗号隔开的持殊结构往往也是考查的重点，一般会出“细节性题目”。

八、因果句

句中若有如下结构或词汇的称为因果句：

(1) 因果连词：because，since，for，as，therefore，so，consequently 等

(2)表示因果的动词：cause ，result in ，originate from 等;

(3) 表示因果的名词： base, basis, result,consequence 等，这些因果句都是指明某两个事件之间因果关系的，尤为出题者所青陈。因为通过出题可以考查文中两个事件内在的因果关系。此种句型一般出“推断性问题”。

九、段落句

文章各段第一句( 段首句 )和末段员后一句( 文尾句 )都是十分重要的地方，往往是文章作者表达中思想，进行总结综述的地方，因此常出(1)主题性问题，(2)细节性问题(3)结构性问题。

十、特殊标点

有一些特殊标点的含义也属于考查范围，它们是：

(1) 破折号，表示解释。考细节性问题;

(2) 括号，表示解释。考细节性问题;

(3) 冒号，一股同上，有时冒号也表示列举，则考“ EXCEPT ”题目;

(4) 引号。表示引用，考细节性问题：

(5) 惊叹号，表示作者感情，考态度性问题。

篇8：托福阅读高分前辈4条训练提分心得经验

托福阅读高分前辈分享4条训练提分心得经验

托福阅读过程中笔记怎么记?

托福阅读答题时间如何规划安排?

很多托福考生都会遇到托福阅读在规定时间内做不完的情况。一般来说，如果想要保证10道题在18分钟之内做完，最稳妥的安排应该是除单词题以及文章内容小结题之外每道题平均1.8分钟。当然，这个时间只是一个平均时间，对于一些比较难或者麻烦的题目，例如推理题和部分否定事实信息题，时间可能会更长一些，而相对比较容易定位的事实信息题，句子简化题以及文本插入题，则相对可以缩短一些时间。

托福阅读直接做题还是先读文章?

托福阅读算分就按照OG给出的方法算吗?

托福阅读目标28+的准备策略

以我目前的教学经验(5400小时)，托福总分在88或以上的同学，阅读以21分为界，可分成两个群体。

阅读21分以下总分89+

其听说能力通常远胜于读写能力。这部分同学最可能是正在(或曾经)在国外读(或读过)小学/初中/高中/大学一年级。由于长期浸泡在英文的语言环境下，其听说能力(语感)非常好，这种情况出国越早越明显。这部分同学能掌握大部分生活场景中常见的非学术性词汇和表达，但学术文章的读写能力却相对弱，大部分缺乏一些基本的学科常识，不能识别大部分的学术词汇和表达，无法识别同义转述，偏科的情况也非常普遍(比如生物/天文/地理/历史等学科的文章一碰就要狗带)。这时候需要在有一个具备良好学术能力(名校毕业/托福成绩单科满分)并且拥有丰富教学经验的托福冲分班教师，利用其专业知识来快速测试/识别出学生所存在的相关学术问题，再针对性地布置薄弱学科的文章精读任务，并配合介绍和讲解学术文章常见结构和后续针对性的测验和作业批改以及晚自习答疑，让学生通过大量而深入的阅读理解来积累学术词汇以及学科背景知识，不仅能帮助学生克服对于学术文章阅读的心理和生理障碍，不再害怕阅读学术文章，而且能进一步体会到学术文章规范结构和表达严谨的美，喜欢上学术阅读，从而提高阅读能力和托福阅读的分数。

阅读21分以上总分89+

这部分学生群体组成比较复杂，可以分为两个小群体：

学神型的初中生和学霸型的高一生

这部分学生的家长从孩子出生就非常注重孩子英语能力的培养，导致这批幸运儿的英语能力远胜于同龄人好多个马位，也让孩子从“学习-领先-成就和满足感-更努力学习-领先更多-更多成就和满足感”的正循环中得到有非常强的自信心和自我管理能力。这部分同学由于年龄小，很多学术和学科词汇还没有接触，所以首要的任务是先把终极词汇4300里面的前30个list(托福阅读和听力的高频词)背得滚瓜烂熟。同时由于之前的学校的阅读材料大部分的内容都是短句，所以托福的长难句结构的分析能力就成为了另外一个重点进攻的战场。托福阅读中所涉及的句法点看似不多，但其实都需要非常深刻的洞见，才能灵活地把句法知识和托福阅读考试的考点结合起来。在实际的教学过程中，这个能力几乎所有同学都没法自行掌握。经常出现的一种情况是，同学明明觉得文章已经“读懂了”，但是题目却老做不对(有同学还会质疑题目出得不好

托福阅读时间不够用因为什么

1.逐字翻译导致读句子的速度慢

很多同学在翻译句子的过程中，都没有一个良好的习惯，只是机械地把所有英文单词的中文意思堆砌起来。对于简单句来说，这样做其实无可厚非;但是遇到语法结构稍微复杂的句子，这种方法便会立刻失效，于是同学们便会不断重复回看这句话，想要弄清楚它的意思，这样便造成了时间上的极大浪费。所以我们在平时练习过程中需要训练自己养成一个良好的阅读习惯，不要被那些单词牵着走，而要主动地去分析句子结构：句子主语是谁?这个主语怎么了，发生了什么事?谁是修饰成分?谁才是真正的谓语?当我们能够做到读完一句理解一句，相信我们自然就能在要求时间之内答完题了。

2.练习少，对题目缺乏熟悉度

许多同学把备考托福阅读等同于背单词，因而一天到晚只跟单词书亲近，却不曾正眼看过TPO中的阅读文章。背单词固然重要，毕竟单词不会，文章也无法理解。但是想要提高分数、想要冲刺阅读高分，那我们就必须把TPO阅读文章当作圣经一样来对待。这不只是草草做题对答案了事，更是通过大量做题，来增强自己对于托福阅读出题套路的了解，以期掌握每种题型的应对方案，争取做到读完题之后，能够立刻找到题干中的有效关键词，再迅速回文定位答案。同学们不要觉得题海战术是很笨的方法，多年实践已经证明，它其实是一种很有效率的学习方法，关键在于我们是否能够通过题海战术有所收获，而不是为了做题而做题。

3. 文章结构不够熟悉

我特别强调做完题后，分析每篇文章的文章结构这件事。为什么?因为文章结构大概也就那么几种，见得多了，便就一见如故了。在考场上，我们根本没有时间为了最后一道题而把文章再通读一便。而倘若我们在做题过程中，就能迅速总结出每一段的中心意思，那么这篇文章我们一定会读得更通透，在做每一段相应的题时也就能够提高准确率。而能否迅速总结出段落大意就依赖于平时严格的训练。不要做完了题就万事大吉，把每篇文章充分利用起来，观察它们的结构，多做总结，这样的工作做得多了，必然会有所收获的。

托福阅读三个雷区千万要注意

误区一：托福阅读词汇问题

托福阅读词汇需要多少的问题一向比较有争议，有的考生认为托福阅读只要四级甚至高中的词汇量就可以搞定;还有考生觉得单词背得多多益善;甚至还要尽量多背一些专业词汇。这三种认知都是托福阅读词汇备考的误区。

要知道，托福阅读需要六级及以上的词汇量，因为托福阅读词汇题考到的词汇是这个水平，而且，没有六级以上词汇量考生的阅读速度会影响整体的答题。但是词汇也并不是多多益善，在备考中将词汇看的太重要也是错误的。参加托福考试的考生要注意备考时间同时也要看水平备考词汇。在托福阅读词汇备考中并不需要刻意记忆学术词汇，因为托福阅读学术词并不会造成答题障碍。

误区二：托福阅读文章理解

加入个人情感是托福阅读文章理解大忌。很多考生在阅读时可能对文章话题有一些了解，在理解时就会将已知代入文章中，这种个人情感的参与在做题过程中表现最明显。往往ETS在出题时，某些选项就正好是考生“臆想”出来的，这样极有可能答错题目还不明所以。托福阅读的客观理解是答题的保证，切忌代入个人情感。

误区三：托福阅读文章和题目关系界定

在托福阅读中，文章是基础，但很多考生认为托福阅读题目要比文章重要。这表现在考生在托福阅读备考中常常会极力寻找关于题目解答和应试的技巧而并没有注意文章的重要性。其实很多时候是因为文章没有读懂而答不对题目，而不是因为不会答题而答不对题。所以要重视文章，在文章理解中注意猜词，尽量理解透彻;从整体上看文章，而不是只关注对题目有帮助的文章部分，考生往往因为只是从小范围看文章，只针对题目理解文章，对文章的理解常常是支离破碎没有全局概念的。这样极容易答不对最后一个大题，对文章的理解也是有问题的。

托福阅读遇到生词如何解决

1. 下定义法

这个方法在托福阅读考试中的运用还是很普遍的，多用于描述一个新专业，新领域，新单词。而且在文章首段出现的频率最高，因为文章首段通常都是为本文话题或标题下定义。

例：Archaeologyis partly the discovery of the treasures of the past， partly the careful workof the scientific analyst， partly the exercise of the creative imagination.(“The Nature And Aims of Archaeology”) 从“is”这个词不难发现后面的部分都是为archaeology下定义：对过去财物的发掘，细致的科学分析，创造力的想象------考古学(以 -ology为后缀都是表示某门学科)。

例：Theseasonal impact of day length on physiological responses is calledphotoperiodism. (“The effects of light on plant and animal species”) “is called”的前半句也起了解释说明的作用：日长的生理反应称为光周期的季节性影响。

2. 符号法

无论是考试中还是剑桥系列，我们常发现某个单词或词组，乃至句子的前后常会出现一些特殊符号，比如：破折号(—)，冒号(：)，小括号，引号(“ ”)。这些符号都是帮助大家猜测生词的clue，它们的前后通常都是对托福阅读词汇的解释和说明。

例：Generally，the rates have been modest (lower than bank rates). ( “Micro-Enterprise Creditfor Street Youth”) 括号里的部分是对其前面的modest做说明，即比银行的利息低一些。

例：Inall cases， someone has to act as a source of language data--- informant.Informant指的是充当语言资料来源的人。需要提示的是，经常会在小括号里出现i.e，意思是thatis to say.

3. 举例子

托福阅读试题经常会在某个潜在生词的后面，举出一系列的例子，此时，大家可以根据例子，总结它们的共性。举例子的一些标志词：forexample， for instance， such as， just like， e.g.

例：Themarket for tourism in remote areas is booming as never before. Countries allacross… such as mountains， Arctic lands， deserts， small islands andwetlands (“The Impact of Wilderness Tourism”) 第一句的remote可以通过后面的例子，高山，北极地区，荒漠，小岛，湿地，得出指的是偏远地区。

4. 句子之间的关联词

句子之间的关联词主要分为转折和并列，透露了两句之间表达意思的方向性是否一致。我们完全可以通过已知的半句所表述的涵义，借助关联词，来推测另外半句的意思。

并列关系：and， similarly，equally， also， both … and…

转折关系：but， however，yet， instead， nevertheless， by contrast， on the other hand

例：Internationalcommerce was therefore dominated by raw materials， such as wheat， wood and ironore， or processed commodities， such as meat and steel. (“Delivering The Goods”)“or”表示或者，虽然是并列关系，但在意思上是相反的。Processedcommodities不难理解是加工过的产品，那“or”前面的句子指的就该是没有加工过的产品，即raw materials，原材料。

例：Forexample， desert annual germinate， flower， and seed whenever suitable rainfalloccurs… (“The effects of light on plant and animal species”) 从“and”可以判断其前后三个词的词性相同，意思上也应该是同一个方向。flower表示开花，seed是结种，那germinate自然也是动词，是在开花之前的阶段，可粗略理解为生长或发芽。

5. 常识和上下文

常识和上下文也是作为揣测词义的一个有效途径，而这里所言的常识是涉及各领域，学科，平时累积而成，众所周知的知识，常理。

例：Theearliest method of making fire was through friction. European peasants wouldinsert a wooden drill in a round hole and rotate it briskly between theirpalms. (“How Fire Leapt to Life”) 最早的取火方式是钻木取火，其原理是摩擦生热。通过下文的例子也可看出这一点。欧洲的农民会把一个木制的钻头插入一个圆形的洞，然后在手掌间迅速的旋转它。Friction就是摩擦的意思。

6. 同位语

同位语是指一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起，常出现在句子中间或者后面的位置。

例：Oneof the most important new methodologies is biomechanics， the study of the body in motion. (“How much higher?How much faster?”) 有时候同位语的解释更让人容易理解和接受，biomechanics专业说法是生物力学，而同位语的表达更平易近人：对身体运动的研究。

篇9：GRE阅读高分考生备考3条提分提速精选经验讲解

GRE阅读高分考生备考3条提分提速精选经验讲解

少量做题总结经验后再做新题

在做GRE阅读考试的练习和总结的时候，小编建议大家不要一下子把所有文章全部都做完，然后再从头至尾再做第二次。更为合理的方法是以10篇或5个section为一个界限，做10篇，每篇做完后总结，做完这10篇后，回头再做一次，再总结，然后才开始下一个10篇。这样做的好处是在短时间内加深对文章结构及考点的印象，更好的学习和纠正自己的思维，把握当前的考点，然后才进入下一个阶段。大家如果能按照这个方式备考阅读，相信等到做真题刷机经的时候就已经能很好的掌握文章的结构及主题，准确率都能控制在80%了。

阅读长难句看完后要归纳总结

在整个GRE考试过程中，小编认为大家需要做一样工作，就是收集整理自己的 “阅读难句”，把所有文章中出现的我认为 “绕”的句子都收录下来，每天早上看20-30句。对于那些文章后面问题牵涉到或问到的难句，更要highlight起来，并把文章的问题附在句子后面，认真学习。这样做的好处是学习如何以ETS的眼光在文章/句子中“抽丝剥茧”，“infer” 出答案，因为阅读的难题通常是 “infer” 题，而 “infer” 题的答案通常都藏在那些难句或 “闪烁其辞”的句子中。这样看多了，“infer”的能力也相应的提高了。 (Eg: This ability to quickly locate unseen prey suggests，according to the researchers，that the anteaters were using their electroreceptors to locate the nesting chambers。 à Infer --- The speed with which the anteaters located their prey is greater than what might be expected on the basis of chance alone.)

提升阅读速度建议边读边总结

关于 “GRE阅读速度”，小编认为称之为 “理解速度”更贴切，看得再快，不理解，又有何用? 现在对于提升阅读速度比较主流的意见有两种，一种是快速读文章，然后答题1题1分钟;另一种是读文章不用太快，要边读边总结，然后答题时就容易些，更有把握些，通常也不用1分钟1题。大家可以自己尝试一下哪种方法更适合自己然后选择使用，前者对于时间的把握可能更精准一些，后者对文章main idea及结构理解得更好,准确率也高，尤其对于长文章比较适用。

GRE分类词汇

3.15.4 接受，收回

decent adj. 可接受的，适当的;得体的

procurement n. 接收，获得

receipt n. 收到，接到;发票，收据 (receive v. 收到)

receptive adj. 善于接受的;从善如流的 (reception n. 接待，欢迎)

recipient n. 接受者，收受者

confiscate v. 没收;充公

expropriate v. 没收;充公

forfeit v. 被罚没收，丧失;n. 丧失物

recall v. 收回;回想，回忆起;n. 唤回

recede v. 收回(诺言)，后退