超详细完整版托福写作笔记，提升托福写作成绩

以下是小编帮大家整理的超详细完整版托福写作笔记，提升托福写作成绩，本文共7篇，欢迎大家分享。

篇1：超详细完整版托福写作笔记，提升托福写作成绩

托福写作笔记:托福写作概述

托福考试写作分为两个部分：综合写作和独立写作

1.The Integrated Writing Task：Reading, Listeningand Writing

(150-225 words, 20 minutes)

2.The Independent writing Task:

(300 words, 30 minutes)

托福写作笔记:英汉两种语言的区别

1、美国人与中国人思维方式的不同。

2、英汉句子结构的特点。英语重形和，重结构，汉语重意和, 重语义。英语中常用复合句;汉语则常用短句，简单句。

3、英语多变化，汉语多重复。

4、英语被动句多。汉语中主动句多。

托福写作笔记:中国学生写作最易犯的十大错误

1. Nowadays, collegestudent should learn competition and cooperation.

2. The problem that is created bycomputers attract(draw, spark, captivate, intrigue, arouse, yield, give riseto) much attention.

3. In present-day society, there are agreat many young people go abroad.

4. In my opinion, I think that smokingshould be banned in public places.

5. The computer can not instead thepivotal role played by teachers in education.

6. Some people welcome raising pets,others hold different opinions.

7. In large cities ofChinahas manyfast food shops.

8. At college, we should learn as muchknowledge as possible so that we can be well prepared for our future career.

9. Some students are interested inplay computer games.

10. You really have two down sons.

托福写作笔记:托福写作25分必备的50个意群词汇

1、持某观点：claim ( contend reckon share the belief that )

2、支持某观点：advocate (maintain vote for side with be in favor of )

3、反对某观点：contradict (criticize be against cast doubts on )

4、合理的：justified ( sensible feasible convincing hold water bear much analysis)

5、好处：advantage (benefit, merit, positive side)

6、弊端：disadvantage( defect, demerit, negative side)

7、肯定：undoubtedly (indeed undeniably there is no denying that)

8、不确定：be likely to ( potentially presumably)

9、重要的：essential (significant, vital, crucial, critical, fundamental, indispensable)

10、有益的：beneficial (conducive instrumental )

11、有害的：detrimental (harmful virulent)

12、有争议的：controversial (disputable, contentious)

13、普遍的：widespread ( prevalent, universal)

14、显著地：considerably (significantly, remarkably, dramatically, tremendously, substantially)

15、明显的：evident (apparent, manifest)

16、增强：enhance (strengthen intensify)

17、减少：decline (descend, collapse, relieve)

18、大约：approximately(nearly, around, estimated, roughly)

19、趋势：trend(tendency, inclination)

20、预见：predict (expect, project)

21、带来：bring about (result in, lead to)

22、引起：create (spark ; yield;; give rise to)

23、建立：establish (found, institute)

24、要求：call for (request，demand)

25、去除：eliminate(remove, eradicate)

26、探讨：explore (examine, identify)

27、描绘：depict (portray, illustrate)

28、后果：consequence( aftermath; outcome)

29、足够：adequate (enough; sufficient)

30、解决:tackle ( resolve, address)

31、意识:awareness(consciousness)

32、控制:curb ( regulate, censor)

33、解释：account for ( be responsible for)

34、投资：finance (invest in, subsidize)

35、缓解：relieve ( ease, alleviate)

36、压力：stress ( pressure, strain)

37、和谐：harmony ( concordance)

38、继承：inherit (hand down)

39、培养：cultivate (train, foster)

40、促进：promote ( contribute to, upgrade)

41、适应：adapt to (adjust to, acclimate to)

42、提供：provide (render, afford)

43、替代：replace (substitute, take the place of)

44、保护：preserve (protect)

45、证据：evidence (proof)

46、赢得：gain (acquire, attain)

47、国外的：foreign( alien, exotic)

48、灾难：disaster (misfortune, catastrophe)

49、发展：advance (progress)

50、倾向于：tend to ( be inclined to , be apt to)

托福写作笔记:实用加分句子

托福写作常用“十大句式”

一、否定句

1、Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should betaught how to benefit from useful information on the internet.

应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。

2、On no account (Under no circumstances)can we ignore the immensevalue of knowledge.

我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。

3、College students take part-time jobs not for more money but for abetter understanding of societies.

大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。

4、One’s salary doesnot depend so much on his educational background as on his ability andcontribution to the society.

一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。

5、In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory.

从营养角度来说，快餐远非令人满意。

6、Parents would not expect their children to become useful personswithout working hard.

父母们不能指望孩子们不经过刻苦努力就可以成才。

二、非限制性定语从句

1、Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality, which isof vital importance to their development in the future.

毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。

2、Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on massmedia, which is sometimes dangerous and harmful.

孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。

3、The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will providethem with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which mayput them in a favorable position in the future job markets.

大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力, 这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的.

三、让步句

1、This view is widely acknowledged;however，there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people’s health.

这个观点被广泛认可，然而，几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。

2、Although(While) the computer has been widely used in class, itcannot replace the role of teachers.

尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂，但是它不能取代教师的作用。

3、Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear much analysis.

虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析

4、In spite of a lot of conveniencesthat cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems.

尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。

四、It 引导的句子

1、It is hard to imagine what our life would look like withoutcomputers in modern society.

很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机，我们的生活会变成什么样子。

2、It is conceivable that being physically active does good to health.

可想而知，积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。

3、It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join thearmed forces or not.

女性是否应该参军是一个非常有争议的问题。

4、It is universally acknowledged that water and air are indispensableto human beings.

人们普遍认为，水和空气对人类不可缺少。

5、It is essential that endangered species of animals be protected againstbeing killed.

保护濒危的动物物种免遭残杀是必需的。

6、It is high time that the government took effective measures toresolve these problems.

该是政府采取有效措施来解决这些问题的时候了

7、It has been made easier for modern people to communicate with eachother by the internet in a few seconds.

现代人很容易通过互联网在几秒钟内就取得联系。

8、It is worth caring about the way a child behaves.

关心孩子们的行为方式是值得的。

9、It has been a few decades since the computer came into being.

自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。

五、假设句

1、If we destroy old buildings, then we will ruin the traditionalculture and heritage.

如果我们推倒老房子，就要破坏传统的文化和遗产。

2、You would miss the chance to interact with other students if youused internet at home.

假如你在家上网，你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。

3、Once you change your present job, you will be faced with the dangerof being unemployed.

一旦你变换了现在的工作，就面临着失业的危险。

六、倒装句

1、Only in this way can the problem be tackled properly.

只有这样才能妥善地解决这个问题。

2、Only when children take arduous efforts can they become successful.

只有当孩子们付出艰苦的努力他们才能获得成功。

3、Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, butstudents learn how to handle interpersonal relations.

在校学习不仅为了学术目的，而且还可以学会如何处理人际关系。

4、Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative informationon mass media blindly.

青少年决不应当盲从大众媒体上的不良信息。

5、So valuable is water that we cannot afford to waste it.

时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

6、Nowadays, most dangerous for youngsters is the tendency to indulgein playing PC games.

如今对青少年最为危险的事情是倾向于过多地玩电脑游戏。

七、强调句

1、It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance thathuman beings ought to protect the endangered animal species.

正是为了维持生态平衡，人类才应该保护地球上濒危的动物物种。

2、It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARSand AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for thegovernment to invest more money in medical care.

直到人们患了像非典和爱滋病这样致命的疾病时，才意识到政府把更多的钱投入到医疗上的重要性。

八、比较句

1、Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high foryoungsters from single-parent families as for those intraditional households. (同级比较)

研究表明来自单亲家庭的青少年犯罪率是来自传统家庭的两倍。

2、Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure timethan they did previously. (比较级)

一般说来，现代人比过去享有更少的休闲时间。

3、Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligencedo more well in their school work and intelligence tests.

与不同能力的孩子相比，聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。

4、Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teacherscreate the true value for their society.

与明星不同，其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。

5、Air is to human what (as) water is to fish.

空气对人类就如同水对鱼一样

九、插入语

1、Computers, most important of all, create wide communication aroundthe world. 最重要的是，计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。

2、Providing more parking areas, in the long run, has proved to be apractical way out in many large cities in the world.

从长远的利益来看，提供更多的停车位证明是许多世界大城市切实可行的出路。

3、Observing local culture, consciously and unconsciously, can reducethe chance of offending the locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment andeven conflict.

无论是否意识到，遵循当地的文化可以减少冒犯当地人的机会，否则，就会导致尴尬甚至冲突。

4、Space exploration, some people believe, will bring some unexpecteddiscoveries.

有人相信空间探索将会带来意想不到的发现。

十、原因句

1、Violent films can do harm to young people, because they containsnumerous negative information.

暴力影片对年轻人是有害的，因为其中包含大量负面信息。

2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animalextinction.

野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。

3、We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals whichdo substantial contributions to the experiment.

我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。

4、Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the mostserious problems.

由于人口过剩，水短缺已经成为一个最严重的问题。

5、Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young peoplefind themselves under great pressure.

由于当今世界的激烈竞争，大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。

英语句子成分

1、主语(名词，代词，不定式，动名词，句子)

2、谓语(动词或动词短语)

3、宾语(名词，代词，不定式，动名词，句子。

跟不定式作宾语的常见动词：

want agree hope plan decide offer prefer wish intend fail desirerefuse afford choose manage expect aim promise consent pretend neglect ignoreomit happen determine demand threaten resolve decline propose undertakevolunteer。

跟动名词作宾语的常见动词：

finishenjoy mind keep stop dislike consider suggest miss avoid regret admitacknowledge delay practice deny imagine postpone risk advocate recall resistappreciate cannot help confess escape fancy defer resent evade contemplate forgivepermit detest repent。

跟双宾语的常见动词：

asksent show teach give bring buy find get keep lend tell write wish offer deprive

4、表语(名词，形容词：某些形容词，如careless,absurd, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly,stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, inconsiderate, greedy, money-orientedacquisitive materialistic generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel,selfish, self-centered egocentric wicked, wrong等不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语。代词，数词，不定式，动名词，分词，介词短语，句子)

5、定语(形容词，代词，数词，不定式，名词，动名词，分词，介词短语，句子)

6、状语(副词，形容词短语, 不定式，分词，介词短语，名词，句子)

7、补语(形容词，名词，不定式：下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式-----ask get prompt allow forbidprefer announce force press inspire require assist hate pronounce advise recommend bear implore remind beg induce reportcompel invite command intend show drive mean train causeinstruct deserve leave tell direct tempt entitle order warn enable needurge encourage oblige condemn

teach entreat permit wish，分词，介词短语)

8、同位语(名词，不定式，动名词, 句子，后跟同位语从句的常见词f---actnews question proposal report altitude (latitude longitude evidence proof suggestion request ideaconclusion thought notion value fiction fear)

9、插入语(不定式，分词，介词短语，句子)

常用典型句式

1.This view is now being questioned by more and more people.

这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

2.Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.

尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

3.Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

4.In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.

考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

5.Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.

使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

6.Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

7.Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.

在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

8.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

9.There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.

当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

10.This issue has caused wide public concern.

这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

11.It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.

必须指出学习只能K自己。

12.A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.

许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

13.As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons：

就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

14.It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.

人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

15.Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.

即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

16.It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.

人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

17.Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.

现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

18.An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.

一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

19.For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.

对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

20.For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.

对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

21.There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.

对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。

22.By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.

通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。

23.Although people's lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.

近几十年，尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。

24.Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.

因此，业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。

25.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.

通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响，我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。

26.These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.

现在，越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。

27.It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.

人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。

28.At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.

同时，随着这些机器带给我们的好处，员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。

29.No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。

30.In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.

第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。

篇2：如何提升托福写作框架结构

托福写作提升第一步 如何提升写作框架结构?

一.托福写作框架

托福写作的构思主要是指规划文章的整体框架结构，也就是我们通常说的写提纲。写提纲是为了帮助考生确定并理清自己的思维，在写中间段的时候有话可说，保证充实具体。由于考场上时间有限，考生必须在平时练就快速构思的本领，那么在托福写作中我们的思路应该怎么走呢?

二.关于写作框架的共性问题

发现在准备写作的过程中，学生的一个主要疑问就是觉得自己写的文章不够有特点，不够有意思，不够深奥。由此引发出的一个现象就是学生不敢写自己立刻就想到的，最贴近生活的内容，而总是想着如何创新。这个问题的严重性不容忽视。因为这种两难境地大到开遍布局，小到措辞举例。无处不在。最严重的结果就是学生举步维艰。

三.如何提升拓谷写作框架结构

为了解决这个问题我们不妨先来研究一下学生为什么会产生这种思维。很容易理解，大家都觉得众所周知的内容没有意思，没有新鲜感。即便是应试作文，也确实如此。如果阅卷人读完了全部文章，觉得其内容丝毫没有任何独特之处，任何道理例子都是社会评价体系重复过无数次，或者自己已经熟知的。那必然会觉得有些无聊。一旦他的这种心理被唤醒，很难说这种心理状态不会影响到最后的分数。因为人为给分机制多少都会有主观因素。

于是最直接的想法就是，对这些内容避而不谈。转而去寻求一些深奥、常人通常不懂的内容。但这样做有两个问题。其一是这样的内容应用到文章本身就很困难，要求写作的人知识有积淀，内涵有深度。这是短期培训班无法企及的目标。其二是这样的内容，若处理不当，读起来是很让人痛苦的。因为读者有可能真的不懂。

似乎这个问题到此无法圆满的解决。但其实这是一个错误两难。因为除了常识和深奥的知识，还有一类信息是我们可以用的。即，虽然很普通简单，但是阅卷人并不知道的事情或道理。例如你自己的生活经验，你的阅历体验，你的价值观念，你的喜好与厌恶等等。这些源自生活的感想和经历，说出来别人可以立刻明白，而且不会觉得枯燥无聊。因为他没有这么活过。这和写剧本或者写小说是一样的。其内容本身并没有什么晦涩难懂的，有意思的地方是，即便很平常，它也是你没接触过的生活与思维方式。这样的电影也好，小说也好，文章也好，都能够给人非常鲜活的、再活一次的体验。这样的内容给了读者一次机会去以另外一个个体的视角来审视、理解、解释世界。而这本身就像一次探险。只要有未知，自然就会唤起人们的兴趣。如果我们能充分利用这一点，写出用意思又有特点的作文并不是一件难事。

托福写作提升需要提升写作框架结构，但是不建议大家标新立异去写一些自己驾驭不了的内容。托福写作框架拟定要来源于生活，不与一些模板范文重复即可。希望大家在平时练习写作的时候能够注意这一点。

托福写作模板：社会重要问题能否在有生之年解决

题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The most important problems affecting society will be solved during my lifetime.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

Although the problems facing the world today may seem surmountable, I think that some of the most important ones will be solved during my lifetime. Even now, experts are working on solutions to live healthier lives, to provide food for the growing world population, and to equalize the difference between advanced and developing nations.

Health issues are a major concern, and the key to solving them rests in understanding how the human body works. We now have unraveled the DNA sequence, which was one of the biggest hurdles to cross. Instead of mysterious interactions between chemicals and bodies that seem to produce different results every time, medicine is turning into a black-and-white technologywhere one factor has a certain response. As we decipher the genetic code, we get better at interpreting how our bodies will react. Within my lifetime, there will probably be a cure for cancerand a method for controlling plagues. There will no longer be victims suffering from degenerative diseases or even mental illnesses.

Another major problem is how to feed the growing world population. Solutions are on the horizonfor both factors involved. One issue is producing enough food, and efficient agricultural practices such as vertical farming and hydroponics are already increasing the food generated per acre. The other factor is to get the food to people who need it. In reality, thousands of pounds of perfectly acceptable food are disposed of daily. For example, restaurants and caterers discard unused meals, and farmers with bumper crops let food rot on the vine because it cannot be sold locally.Therefore, if better agricultural practices are coupled with better storage and transportation to get the food where it is needed, the problem of feeding the world’s population is solved.

Finally, another pressing concern is the giant rift between advanced nations and developing ones. Children in one area have their own bedrooms and smart phones while children in another area are lacking the necessities of a roof, sanitary water and food, and medical care. This rift can be closed if countries work together. Businesses can locate production facilities in poor regions that will benefit from the influx of jobs. If companies subsidize schools and hospitals, they can increase the educational levels and health of their employees, creating a more efficient work force. If governments do everything possible to facilitate such programs, developing nations will have a chance to compete in the modern world.

At first, solving health problems, ensuring for food distribution, and eliminating the gap between rich and poor countries may seem impossible goals. However, I think they will be addressed during my lifetime.

to equalize the difference between A and B 去平衡 A 和 B 之间的差距

a black-and-white technology 一种黑白分明的科技

a cure for cancer 一种治疗癌症的方法

on the horizon 即将来临的,开始显现

let food rot on the vine 让食物在藤上腐烂

be coupled with X 与 X 结合

pressing concern 迫切的问题

the giant rift 巨大的裂痕

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Technology is increasing at a rapid rate, making it appear as though all the world’s problems will be solved in the next fifty years. In reality, there is no way to resolve some of the most important issues facing us today. There will continue to be wars, climate change, and pressures of a growing world population well into the foreseeable future.

To Americans sitting in a comfortable home, war is an abstract, distant thing. However, it is a devastating and very real horror to families facing persecution and displacement. Children in Yemen need surgery to mend limbs destroyed by bombs. Bolivians look away as rebels knife a government official. Thousands of Syrians live in tents in a makeshift camp because they lost their homes. These tragedies will continue because there is no way to reconcile the moral and ethical differences between groups. It is human nature to reach for power, so even if the conflicts are reduced in one area, war will emerge in a different area as a greedy leader tries to expand his control.

Climate change is another seemingly irrelevant problem at first glance. It is easy to say that a few degrees of change over fifty or a hundred years is not much. However, climate change is an irreversible process that has already started and will just continue to get worse. There will be more habitat loss, extinctions of species, and drastic natural disasters. Human technology may be able to reduce the damage in some areas, but it cannot return the climate to its former conditions.

One last point is the pressures of an increasing world population. As the number of people on Earth continues to rise, more pressures are placed on the planet to support those people. Even with improvements in agriculture, there will not be enough food to feed everyone. More important, there will not be enough clean water for everyone to drink. With people packed close together, epidemics will spread more quickly. Even the common cold or flu could cause significant damage to the population in a crowded city. There is no magic cure for these problems, and a system of providing food, water, and medical care to everyone in the world is unrealistic.

Therefore, the major problems of war, climate change, and population growth will continue to exist, possibly for as long as human beings exist on Earth.

well into the foreseeable future 在可预见的未来

live in tents in a makeshift camp 住在临时搭建的帐篷里

there is no way to reconcile the moral and ethical differences between groups 伦理差异是无法调和的

to reach for power 获得权力

climate change is an irreversible process 气候变化是一个不可逆转的过程

drastic natural disasters 极端自然灾害，特大自然灾害

With people packed close together, epidemics will spread more quickly 由于人们挤在一起，流行病转播的更快

托福写作模板：小学生学技术还是艺术

题目：An elementary school wants to increase the time on educating students technology (such as computers), which means that students will have less time for the study of music and art.

When it comes to spending the time on studying arts and music and the time on studying technology, which one do you think is better for elementary students?

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

I think it is important for elementary students to get a solid grounding in technology. Technology can help students learn to solve everyday problems, to interact with others, and to prepare for the working world.

First, technology is part of our everyday life, and becoming increasingly more so. If students do not know how to use computers, smart phones, and tablets, they cannot function adequately in this changing world. However, there is more to understanding technology than just typing in a question and reading the answer. Students must know how to escape from a frozen screen, remove and reset a jammed printer, and install new programs. Students who learn about technology gain the mental flexibility to solve basic problems like these. Instead of being stopped by a challenge, a technologically-aware student tries different ways to work around it. In other words, technology helps prepare a student to solve problems and face events that do not run exactly as planned.

Second, technology offers students a chance to interact with other students around the world. Through the internet, students in different countries can see each other and talk, or even collaborate on projects. This experience can bring other subjects such as geology to life because the students can talk with people their own age who are living in the place. Interaction can increase interest in skills such as learning a second language or increase awareness about history or art. Working with friends from around the world, the students gain a wider perspective and are less likely to succumb to prejudice and hatred based on race or nationality. Technology is the key to communication with others around the world.

Third, technology provides useful skills that are in demand by employers. Companies need employees who can manipulate data and operate machinery. Students who have these skills and are ready to work are more likely to be hired than students who do not. Therefore, elementary schools should help prepare students from an early age so that when they reach high school, they can operate spreadsheets, word processing programs, and specialized equipment. Students who go beyond the basics and learn to program, design, or assemble technological devices will be even more prepared to compete in the fast-paced working world.

It is essential for students to learn about technology so that they can capably solve problems, interact with others, and start preparing for the working world.

to get a solid grounding in technology 在技术方面打下坚实的基础

become increasingly more so 变得越来越是如此

the mental flexibility 思维灵活性

a technologically-aware student 一个有技术意识的学生

gain a wider perspective 获得更为广阔的视角

succumb to 屈服于,屈从于

go beyond 超出,超越

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Children need to have a well-rounded education that includes art and music. Art and music provide many skills that are foundational for further growth and development, physically, mentally, and emotionally, so they should be considered an essential part of any elementary school program.

Young children’s bodies are developing and changing very quickly. Arts can help children learn to use and control their bodies so that they can master more complex tasks in the future. For example, drawing, painting, and calligraphy require manual dexterity to control the pencil, brush, or pen. Children studying these things can learn to use their hands to complete precise tasks. Music offers another example of how children can learn to use their bodies: instruments such as flutes and woodwinds require careful control of breathing combined with fingering of keys. Arts are fun rather than repetitious, so these physical skills are acquired in an enjoyable way.

Arts can also help children improve their memory and concentration. Completing an artwork takes time, sometimes days or weeks, so children must concentrate to finish rather than justrushing on to a new activity . Scientific studies show that if you practice memorizing things such as the process of knitting or weaving, or the notes to perform a song, you can get better at memorization in the future. If children learn to focus on one project and memorize the steps needed to complete it, they will be better able to concentrate for long periods and complete difficult tasks in the future.

Finally, arts can help children develop emotionally. Arts do not have a “right” and “wrong” answer, so children can explore personal creativity. They can feel pride at accomplishing a project that is uniquely theirs. This self-esteem can give them confidence to try new activities without fear of “failing” because they made a mistake. Especially considering the pressures of the modern world, arts can be an essential outlet to try making something beautiful or fun. Arts provide a balance to the rigid programming of other elementary school classes such as math and spelling where it is essential to give the one correct answer.

Arts help children develop physically, mentally, and emotionally. Therefore, arts such as music, drawing, and painting are an essential part of elementary education.

a well-rounded education 全面的教育

manual dexterity 手部灵巧性

rush on to a new activity 匆忙地投入到一项新的活动

arts can help children develop emotionally 艺术可以帮助孩子发展情感

self-esteem 自尊

arts can be an essential outlet to try making something beautiful or fun 艺术可以成为创造美 好或有趣事物的重要途径

provide a balance to X 为X提供了平衡

篇3：托福写作提升方法

托福写作提升方法丨你是否了解审题的重要性?

一.托福写作审题的重要性

托福写作很多人都在练习如何写，如何能有一个漂亮的文笔，这时不少人都忽略了托福作文题目本身，其实托福写作经验提醒大家一个好的开始真的是成功的一半，一定要先把题目弄懂再进行写作。

在托福考场上时间无疑是最为宝贵的，那么怎么能在有限的时间内争分夺秒，迅速阅读并理解题目，理清思路，并组织好语言呢?这需要我们在平时不断大量的练习，以及在每次练习后总结经验教训，以免下次再犯同样的错误。那么在平时的练习以及在考场上，审题无疑是最为重要的环节之一，因为它直接与我们的写作内容相联系，如果我们审题出现了偏差，那么不管我们的语言多么优美生动，不管我们的结构多么合理分明，我们的作文都是不合格的，所以，我们在练习及考试时，都不能不重视审题这一步骤，务必要在最短的时间内抓住题目的关键词，正确理解要求，保证迅速而准确的解读出题目的隐含意义，并迅速梳理出自己的思路，树立自己的观点，写出一篇高质量的作文来。

二.如何审好题目

我们应该熟悉托福作文题目的主要类型，托福写作经验提醒大家要明确托福独立写作主要有几种形式，每种形式的代表词是什么，对于该种类型的题目又有什么方法可以解，哪种方法最为有效最为快速，哪种方法最为百搭，哪种方法容易写出高质量的作文来。

这就要求我们在平时的写作练习中多加思考，积极总结，并且要了解自己的长处和弱项，有针对性的进行练习，这样不但知己知彼，还能扬长避短，保证我们在托福独立写作中得到高分。在平时的练习中，我们阅读题目时，不但要注意题目所讨论的主要问题，究竟是属于经济类还是教育类，更应该抓住一些看似不是重点的虚词，比如 “must”、“should”以及“the most”等等。这些词不但修饰了题目中所要表达的问题，更标志了该种题目的类型，在解题思路上给我们提示。

不管是在平时的托福写作练习还是考场上面，我们都应该抓住关键词，这个关键词不仅仅指“经济”、“教育”这一类词，更是“必须”、“应该”这种表示情感或者说表示态度的词。这种词直接关系到我们可以采取什么态度来回应题目，是完全同意，还是部分同意，亦或者是完全不同意。在平时多多研究这些词语和解题思路的关系，总结相应的套路，能够在考场上为我们节省大量的时间，提升解题效率和准确度，并且帮助我们战无不胜。

总之，在阅读题目时，我们要抓住每一个关键词，深入理解他们的意思，分析不同题目之间相同之处，总结出托福独立写作的套路来，只有通过大量练习和不断总结，我们才能更全面的理解托福独立写作的要求，从而写出符合要求的作文来。

托福写作模板：书本知识与实践经验

Task：It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?.

托福写作模板范文参考：

We all crave knowledge, especially in this Age of Information, but what is the best source of knowledge? Are we to believe Albert Camus, who stated” The place we are to get knowledge is in books”? Or are we better served by following Albert Einstein's counsel that “The only source of knowledge is experience”? Although books have their place in one's learning, there is no substitute for experience; indeed, it is experience that is ultimately the most important source of knowledge.

First, let us consider the knowledge needed to undertake a profession-for example, that of a physician. Knowledge gained from books provides the foundation of a doctor's training: study in a medical school begins with a near-overload of reading on anatomy, physiology and maladies both rare and common. However, during this time the medical student is also learning through experience, beginning with dissecting cadavers from almost the first day of medical school. Then, the aspiring physician must complete four years of residency, consisting of actual supervised experience at a hospital in which he or she now must put into practice all of the knowledge he or she has edge of dealing with patients, prescribing medication, and the joy and sadness of saving and losing patients; in other words, it is through experience that these residents finally learn what it means to be a doctor.

What about knowledge other than professional expertise-for example, knowledge about another culture? In this realm as well, both books and real-life experience enrich and edify us. For example, Paris is perhaps the most talked-about and written-about city in the world. We could read Hemingway's A Moveable Feast, in which he describes the excitement and intellectual spirit-as well as the restaurants and plentiful red wine-of Paris in the 1920's. Or, we could travel to Paris and eat at bistros, walk across the Pont Neuf and look at the river Seine, visit the Louvre museum, and have adventures of our own. Clearly, most people would have attained more lasting and vivid knowledge by visiting Paris on their own rather than reading about it secondhand.

In summary, experience, rather than books, is more central to our quest for learning, especially with regard to professional expertise. With regard to learning about another culture, experience is also irreplaceable. Yet not everyone in the world will have the health or financial resources to carry out a trip to Paris. But many people have access to a local library where they can borrow A Moveable Feast and, at no cost, read Hemingway's vibrant descriptions of Paris. We cannot forget the complementary and unique knowledge afforded by books, but experience is the most precious source of knowledge.

托福写作之攻略长句子

那什么时候使用长句，什么时候使用短句?

在你要表达中心思想的时候，也就是在写主题句的时候，建议使用短句，因为写中心思想的时候需要在一句话当中把你的主要观点论述清楚，在这种情况下短句的表现力会更好。

在你要表达复杂概念，且这些概念存在因果、对比、时间等逻辑关系的时候，你可以使用长句，这样能让你一句话当中补充的信息比较多，也证明你对英语句子的掌握会比较充分。

所以说，山不在高有仙则名，水不在深有龙则灵，句不在长够用就行。

今天主要介绍三种让句子写得更长、更富有变化的方法。第一种，句子开头的变化。第二种，平行结构。第三种，分词结构。

句子开头的变化

首先，句子开头的变化目的是让句子变得更多样。它对句子长度的增加，并不那么明显。

让我们看个例子：Immediately, the police officer got out of the car and asked for my driver’s license.，immediately放在句首，可以让句子更多样，看起来富于变化。

再看一个例子：Farmlands, However, were less possible to be polluted because of fewer factories in the past. 那这句又把however又放在了主语的后边，谓语动词的前边，组成了一个插入语也可以。像这种句首的副词是一种变化方式。

第二，你可以用短语来开头。看这个例子，In the arena, fans stood with their hands over their hearts and sang the National Anthem with the purpose of showing respect to their country. 大家注意看，这一个单句，但是这句话写的也比较长，你看一下，开头是用了一个In the arena，然后在句子的末尾加了一个介词短语with purpose of doing something。前边加了一个介词短语，后边加了一个介词短语，那整个这句话变得就比较长了，也变得比较多样了。所以说介词短语，也可以让你的句子变得多样，且长度增加。

接下来还有一种方式，就是在句子的开头放上一个不定式，比如说To win，或者是写成in order to win，candidates need to convey a clear message that is not contaminated by the opposition. 前边加了一个in order to或者是to，也可以让句子变得多样，且长度增加。

还有一种方式，利用现在分词来开头，比如说，Tapping the power of being seen, the Oscar nominees appeared on late-night television, morning news programs, and in glossy magazines. ，现在分词tapping就可以起到让句子开头有变化的这种作用，但是注意，tapping出现ing的时候证明这个词的主语跟后面主句的主语一致，这种情况下才可以使用ing的形式来开头。

同样呢，我们还可以使用过去分词做开头，但这种情况下要求后一句的主语要和前边的这个分词形成被动关系，比如说，Seen from the space, the Earth is a blue planet.，其实就是 the earth is seen from the space, the Earth is a blue planet.。所以说这种情况下注意主动和被动关系就行了。主动用ing，被动用过去分词，也就是ed。所以说我们稍微总结一下，句子开头变化可以句首+副词，还可以用短语来开头，还可以用不定式，还可以用分词结构。

平行结构

第二种方式，平行结构这种方式其实非常好用，往往被大家忽视。比如说：My embarrassment stemmed not from the money lostbut from the notoriety gained.，所以说这个地方在说的时候你要想清楚，你看这句话not from...，but from...，这是不是一种平行的短语结构啊，让你的句子变得更加的丰富。

第二呢，She wanted her audience to remember the protest song and to understand its origin.，to remember...，and to understand...，这两个不定式同时也构成了一个平行的结构。

第三句，The team members vowed that they would support each other, that they would play their best, and that they would win the tournament.，注意，这三个平行结构是怎么构成的呢?三个宾语从句，that...，that...，and that...，所以说这一下这个句子就能拉长。再看下边一个例子，Whether her goals include publicizing student and faculty research or increasing research funding, she always works to improve research facilities.，注意，whether后边加的是publicizing...or increasing...，所以说用doing的方式也可以构成平行结构。

在这里大家想一想，究竟什么是平行结构呢。那这个平行结构说的简单点，就是用同样的结构来并列，形成一种关系。常见的呢，可以引导平行结构的短语有：

both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;not only...but also...;whether...or...

这都是大家很熟悉的短语。只不过大家平时用的时候都是用名词，both A and B，A和B都是简单的名词或者代词，你没有想想是不是可以用短语来代替这些词，也可以加长句子的长度。

分词结构

第三种，就是分词结构。分词结构我们主要说分词做后置作定语的这种方式。

比如说看例子：By contrast, people living in the cityare suffering from various diseases caused by the environmental contamination, for pollutants from factories and automobiles are continually being discharged into the air and rivers.

这句话里边people living in the city其实就是people who live in the city，主动语态放在后边就可以用一个doing的形式来简化这个定语从句，后边那个various diseases caused by...，其实就是diseases which are caused by...，所以说这种过去分词也可以做后置定语，只要和前边的是个被动的关系就可以了。因此，这种分词结构也能够使句子变得更加丰富更加多样，然后长度也会相应拉长。

总结

前面我们在讲解的过程当中一直在说这个问题，你要让你的句子多样，要让你的句子变长。你发现了吗，变长的时候我们的主力句型是什么呢，就是从句，或者分词，再加上一个并列句，简单的讲就是，你要写成，when I get up, I go to school, and...，怎么怎么怎么样。这样一句话就可以把它拉长。在你写从句的时候，你也可以考虑使用分词来替换，因此呢，这就是我们让句子变长的几个小的技巧。

最后给大家来一个结构非常清楚的长句例子：

Both involving in program engineering and in the after-sale service, Tom could not only sharpen his skills in his major—computer science by being elected as one of top ten programmers in the company but also he could cultivate a new skill—fluently and efficiently communicate with others by answering dozens of calls of complaints from the customers every day.(60 words)

篇4：【托福写作】托福综合写作详细介绍

托福综合写作考试形式流程简介

综合写作是托福写作部分首先出现的考察部分，考试开始时你会首先在屏幕上见到一篇230-300词的文章，你有三分钟的时间进行阅读并根据个人需要记录要点;三分钟阅读时间结束之后文章消失，进入听力部分， 听力材料的内容往往和你刚刚阅读的文章话题相关，听力中教授会对阅读文章的内容阐述自己的不同观点并细致说明;听力结束后阅读文章重新出现在屏幕左侧，屏幕右侧为你的答题区域，你有20分钟的时候对刚刚读到和听到的内容进行归纳整合，形成一篇约150-225词的文章。

托福综合写作考察目的解读

想要顺利备考综合写作，考生当然需要对ETS设置这个题型的考察目的有所了解才行，只有知道考试的目的才能更好的理清备考思路。众所周知，托福考试无论听说读写哪个部分都是围绕于北美校园场景来设置题目的，因此综合写作乃至整个托福考试的目的其实是考察学生是否具备在美国大学正常学习生活的英语能力。也因此我们不难发现托福阅读的文章难度和风格都接近大学学科，托福听力和托福口语的考察都涉及校园生活日常和课堂教学讲座，而针对英文写作能力的考察，托福综合写作的本质其实就是小论文写作。如何从阅读和听力中提炼出有效信息，并且能够在信息间找到对应，并最终将这些细节对应整合成一篇完整的文章表达出来，是美国大学非常看重的能力，也是我们必须具备的能力。

托福综合写作评分标准分析

那么，托福综合写作的评分标准又是怎样的呢?托福综合写作的考察标准与托福独立写作类似，主要从语言发展、组织、使用这三个方面去综合考察学生的英文书面表达能力。

1. Accurate Development

How well you select important information from the lecture.

How well you present it in relation to relevant information from the reading.

2. Organization

Write in paragraphs

Use transitions

Avoid redundancy

3. Language use

Sentence structure

Word choice

Vocabulary

Use of grammar

托福综合写作写法策略分享

既然托福综合写作的考试流程分为3个环节，那么每个环节中考生需要做好什么事情大家就需要做到心中有数。在阅读部分看文章过程中，大家需要做好阅读笔记，虽然阅读文章之后还能再看到，但既然专门给了你时间阅读，小编还是建议大家能够充分利用起来。做笔记不仅是为了记录阅读过程中的要点信息，也是为了替之后的听力部分提前做好准备。

在具体记录信息的过程中，我们需要合理规划自己的笔记分区，小编建议大家把草稿纸对折两半，左边记录阅读部分右边记录听力部分，具体观点和论据也可以得到对应。阅读部分要注意记录主要观点，听力一般都是反驳阅读中观点的，要注意找到具体反驳的“点”细节对应。这样左右一对照，一篇综合写作的框架就清清楚楚了，之后大家要做的就是根据这些明确的信息来做转述，写作难度会降低许多。

在写作环节中，考生需要了解一点，那就是不同于独立写作要求考生有自己独立观点表达，综合写作不可以有考生自己的观点意见表达，也不能只是罗列阅读和听力的内容。大家需要重点写清楚的是阅读和听力中内容的联系。比如阅读里提出哪个观点用了什么论据，听力中是如何反驳这个观点用了什么例子等等。两个部分之间的对应关系都写清楚，综合写作的得分就不会低。

另外，托福综合写作的话题内容往往具有重复性，考过的内容极有可能以其他形式出现，因此备考过程中在进行综合写作练习的同时，大家需要多加留心综合写作中的各类主题，多熟悉相关话题领域。特别是刷TPO时，考生如果能多花点心思把综合写作的阅读听力原文都仔细看完了解一下其背景知识拓展基础常识，对于之后的实战相信会有不小帮助。

篇5：托福写作评分标准详细解读

托福写作评分标准详细解读

一.托福写作分为综合写作和独立写作

托福写作包括两部分，需在50分钟的时间内完成。

第一部分是综合写作，以阅读和听力材料为基础的写作试题，写作时间为20分钟。考生首先需要阅读一篇学术篇章，阅读的时间是3分钟。然后文章隐去，考生需要听一段大约为2分钟左右的与阅读主题相关的演讲。之后考生需要针对阅读和演讲中的观点作文，总结并说明演讲的内容与阅读中观点的关系，在20分钟的时间内完成一篇150~225字的文章。

第二部分是独立写作，需要考生根据自己的知识和经验陈述、解释并支持对待某一问题的某个看法，考查综合语言技能的作文题目的评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。在30分钟内完成一篇300字以上的文章。>>点击查看详情

二.托福写作评分过程

托福写作评分包括机器评分以及人工评分两部分。

机器评分主要通过E-rater，对考生文章的语法是否正确、用词是否得当、以及单词拼写及大小写是否准确等方面进行评分;一篇考生的文章会经过两台机器评分。

人工评分通过ETS阅卷人评分，综合写作和独立写作分别有两位阅卷人给出分数。

托福写作原始分数为0-5分，考生得分分为三个level(如下图所示)：GOOD(4.0-5.0)，FAIR(2.5-3.5)，LIMITED(1.0-2.0)，最终成绩通过两个科目的分数取平均分，再换算为30分制的分数。>>点击查看详情

托福写作怎么从5分换算成30分(托福写作分数换算方法)

三.托福写作分数换算标准

具体的换算标准如下：

5分换算为30分，

4.75换算为29分，

4.5分换算为28分，

4.25分换算为27分，

4分换算为25分，

3.75分换算为24分，

3.50换算为22分，

3.25分换算为21分，

3分换算为20分，

2.75分换算为18分，

2.50分换算为17分，

2.25分换算为15分，

2分换算为14分，

1.75分换算为12分，

1.5分换算为11分，

1.25分换算为10分，

1分换算为8分。

四.托福写作评分标准

托福写作5分作文：文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。

托福写作4分作文：文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。

托福写作3分作文：文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。词性区分和拼写等有若干错误。

托福写作2分作文：文章切题，段落组织基本合理，有逻辑性，但只存在于语义层次上，语言表达上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立，但有许多语法错误，句间联系不顺畅，往往是不善于使用逻辑连词，显得幼稚，生硬。词汇方面拼写错误多，常有用词不得体现象。

托福写作1分作文：文章切题。阐说没有展开，只限于三言两语地回答问题;没有段落组织，很乱，长度很短，只有一段;句子排列有一定的逻辑关系，能看出各句基本框架，但结构或语法错误较多;用词不得体，拼写错误多。

托福写作0分作文：文章各方面都有严重错误，句子不像句子。总体印象是根本没有写作能力，英语水平太低，达不到一分标准，只能打最低分。

托福考试作文独立写作范文：小学生应多学科技吗

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: primary schools should spend more time on teaching young students (5-11years old) technology (like computer) than teaching music and art.

托福写作范文参考:

The question of “ what is the most important subject or skill the elementary schools should teach? ” has never failed to attract attention from educators, school administrators and even politicians especially when it comes to subjects like technology, or music and art. Some argue that school should spend more time teaching technology than music and art. Personally, I am not in favor of this position based on the following reasons.

Admittedly, with the advent of internet and state-of-art gadgets like laptop, tablets, being able to use computers skillfully is being considered as a valuable quality. However, early exposure to computers and other kinds of technological products might bring lots of risks and problems to kids’ future development. Recently research by National Society of Psychiatrists shows that exposure to computers at an early age leads to addiction to computers when they grow older and obviously spending too much time in front of the computer can pose a threat to kids’ health, to be more specific, it leads to neck problems, nearsightedness, backache and even childhood obesity. Moreover, instead of getting addicted to playing on-line games and watching meaningless videos, kids should have spent more time focusing on their academic study, or even learning how to appreciate artwork or music. Indeed, spending more time learning art and music not only benefits the kids, but also it is conducive the community as whole.

First off, learning art and music at an early age helps to develop creativity and make the kids more imaginative. Actually, lots of scientific research in the psychological field shows that early exposure to art and music not only boosts academic achievement but also promotes creativity, self-confidence and school pride; kids who spend more time in learning art and music end up having higher analytical thinking and reasoning skills than kids who don’t.

Additionally, spending more time teaching kids music and art can can benefit the whole community. Music and art are a very important part of people’s lives. They are necessary for people to express their emotions, like happiness, sorrow, and even anger regardless of cultural background, ethnicity, age and even gentle. It is very urgent to spend more time teaching kids knowledge about art and music since they bring change, facilitate innovation and help to unite the community. They are the reminder of the past and maker of tomorrow, they also help to convey ideas and different perspectives. More importantly, art and music have great cultural significance, by learning art and music kids will have a strong sense of cultural identity and sense of belonging to community, eventually the traditional values and culture can be passed down to the younger generation.

To conclude, it is more advisable to spend more time teaching kids art and music than technology since not only can art and music benefit the individual kid but also it benefits the community as a whole.

托福考试作文独立写作范文：政府为民众免费提供互联网服务

(A/D) The government should offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost.

点睛

题目大意：政府应该为民众免费提供互联网服务。此题较为简单，思路也有很多。建议选择不同意，即认为政府不应该为民众免费提供互联网服务，因为一方面会加重政府的财政负担，另一方面会让更多人上网成瘾，进一步疏远人际关系。

写作参考一:

With the advent of internet, people in growing numbers are getting addicted to logging onto the internet out of various purposes, which has aroused deeply social concern. Therefore, the issue of whether the bills of using the Internet should be paid by the government or the users themselves has been open to debate. In my opinion, it is more reasonable to require the individuals to cover the fee of internet usage, with the reasons as follows.

To begin with, the users of the internets are supposed to pay the bills in order to relieve the financial burden of government. With the popularization of the internet, the number of people going online every day has increased to a lot, which means that the money spent on the internet is tremendous. Such a large sum of money can do nothing but occupy a great propotion of the governmental expenditure, thus cutting down on the investment of government on other more pressing fields like improving the public transportation and eradicating the poverty. By contrast, if the fee of internet usage comes from the wallet of the individual, the situation will become totally different. To illustrate, the abundant financial resources of government saved by this practice can better facilitate the economic development and render the life of the mass more convenient and comfortable.

In addition, requiring the individuals to pay for the bill of internet access will help to establish better social relationship between people. As is common sense, with the wide application of electronic devices boosted by easy access to the internet, people especially younsters are indulged in the cyber or virtual world created by the social network and various Apps on the cell phone. Consequently, it is not uncommon to observe that when a group of white collars sit at a table in a restaurant waiting for their meals, they watch the screen of their smart phones instead of interacting with the guys near them, which greatly alienates the bond between them. In this case, the free use of internet will aggravate this situation to a large extent. However, if the fee of the internet usage is covered by the individuals instead of the government, many people will be reduce their time spent in surfing the internet in order to save money. As a result, the face-to-face communication will become more frequent and thus the closer and more intimate relationship between people will be set up.

Factoring the above listed reasons, it is safe to conclude that the government should not offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost, in order to relieve financial burden of the government and to build a better rapport between people.

写作参考二:

With the advent of the information age, internet and advanced technological gadgets are becoming more and more accessible, actually they are now as important as basic necessities in life like water supply and electricity. When it comes to the question of whether government should provide free internet access to all citizens, personally I am in favor of this initiative based on the following reasons.

Admittedly, providing free internet access to the public in schools, shopping malls, tourist spots and even households might incur some financial burden to the city since the government has to invest in the infrastructure and networks and even dedicate staff members to maintain the operation, however, it is well worth the effort and financial resource to provide such service.

First off, internet now is an indispensable part of people’s lives, and we simply cannot live and work without it. Providing free internet service can make people’s lives more convenient and bring efficiency to working places. For example, college students can utilize internet to send emails to inquire professors about certain issues in the academics, use different kinds of online service to assist their study. Internet makes it possible for professors to involve multimedia in the their classrooms, making the class more interactive and engaging. Also, businessmen can capitalize on the internet and monitor various data like management cost, profit, asset and liability, ultimately they can avoid certain financial loss and make more profit. Generally, internet makes lives more convenient, citizens can use location based apps to find restaurants, museums, sports centers, etc. Apart from that, internet brings a more connected community and facilitates interaction between citizens and businesses. More importantly, a city with free internet access in public places will see its popularity boosted and attract people to move in or visit.

Additionally, providing free wifi access to everyone is a very conducive tool for empowerment and social engagement, shortening the gap between the rich and the poor, the underprivileged and the privileged. Actually, internet access, cell phone contracts, and data plan can be very expensive and not very affordable to people with lower incomes. Providing free internet service to these people gives them life changing opportunities, like job hunting, on-line course, and even health advice. Consequently, providing free internet service can be a great tool for empowerment and social involvement.

To conclude, providing free internet service to citizens has lots of benefits since internet makes people’s lives more convenient and brings efficiency to working places, more importantly, providing free internet service can be a great tool for empowerment and social involvement.

托福写作

篇6：如何快速提高托福写作成绩

如何快速提高托福写作成绩?

一. 打好基本功

托福写作基本功的扎实与否，主要看两个方面：词汇和语法。词汇是整个托福考试的基础，也是写作练习的基础，没有足够的词汇储备是写不好作文的。托福写作中涉及的词汇不仅要了解释义，还要能够在写作中运用。很多同学在备考中有一个认知误区，以为只要是背会的单词就是已经掌握的词汇。其实，我们在背词汇的时候大部分情况只是记住了词汇的释义，并未掌握词汇用法。写作中常用的词汇不仅要了解释义，还要了解用法，会在写作中运用。接下来，我们来说说语法，托福写作中语法主要体现在两个地方，一个写作中语法知识应用，另一个是写完以后根据语法知识检查文章。这两部都是为了确保我们写出的文章的准确无误。备考时，只需要掌握基本语法知识即可。

二. 积累写作素材和模板

打好基本功以后，我们还有准备工作要做。接下来要开始为托福写作准备写作素材和模板。托福独立写作中要求大家举出具体例子论证观点，所以一定要为独立写作积累一些写作素材。托福独立写作有一些常考话题，大家可以针对这些话题积累写作素材。

综合写作不需要大家论述自己的观点，但是大家要根据阅读材料和听力材料总结归纳观点，需要大家具备很强的归纳总结能力。备考的过程中大家要针对各类话题总结自己的答题模板，以便于快速组织文章。

三. 限时练习，及时批改

有的同学在平时写作训练中不注意计时，结果考试的时候结尾还没写时间就到了。所以，大家做写作练习的时候要按照考试的时间来，写作速度不能太慢，写完以后还要给自己留下几分钟时间整体检查文章。另外，写作只练习是不够的，写完作文要找老师批改才有提升。因为自己的写的文章已经代表了自身的最高水平，检查也只能纠正一些语法句法错误。但是如果找老师批改的话，能给你一些更有用的建议，比如文章布局是否有问题，句式使用上是否要做提升，内容与主题是否契合等等。

托福考试作文独立写作范文：中学生应该在上大学前花时间工作旅行吗

Students should spend at least one year working or travelling before they go to the university.

【题目大意】： 中学生是否应该在上大学之前拿出至少一年去工作或旅行。主观点可以同意，因为一让学生放松，二可以让学生学到新的技能。

题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Students should take at least a year to work or travel before beginning college.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: After high school, students should have at least one year to work or travel. It's better than attending university straight away.

范文参考一:

The prevailing notion is that high school students are under huge pressure. Then appears a controversy whether students should have one year to engage in other things before they attend their university. After weighing the pros and cons, I am favor of the opinion that having a gap year can produce many benefits.

First off, students can benefit a lot from traveling. As everyone knows, to maintain strong competitiveness, high school students are required to accomplish a wide range of either required or optional curriculums at school and the rights to develop their own interests have been deprived relentlessly, which has proven to be a detriment of their growth. Instead of pursuing their bachelor degree without pause in the college, traveling can help them regain chances to cultivate and perfect their personalities and release pressure. For instance, many more college graduates are reported to be indifferent to the society and show no mercy on those in need, part of which owes a lot to the fact that schools lay more emphasis on cultivating students’ academic abilities and downplay the importance of developing their overall qualities. Traveling to those places in poverty can give students a sight of those impoverished families to call on the sense of responsibility. Besides, by paying a visit to some places of interest like the Great Wall or the pyramid in Egypt, students can approach the greatness of diverse culture. What’s more, the direct access to the natural world can appease students’ inner uproar. Accordingly, a gap year can be a great asset for high school graduates.

Secondly, by taking part-time jobs, not only can students accumulate sufficient social experience but also earn some money to reduce financial stress on their families. Though economy in China keeps growing at a rate of almost 9 percent in the recent, average citizens still suffer huge pressure especially when the slump of stock market took a heavy toll on them and the majority of stock investors withdrew their money and reinvest to the real estate, further increasing pressure on the ordinary because of the increasing prices of housing. For most families from small cities and rural areas, college tuition still appears to be a great burden on them and by taking part-time jobs, students can earn some wages to relieve financial pressure, such as serving as a restaurant attendant that enables students to better develop their communication techniques and learn more about how to meet the demands of consumers or working as a salesman that will be an entirely different experience from high schools and can lead to the cultivation of the ability of presenting customers the advantages of products. Obviously, a gap year means a lot to high school graduates.

Admittedly, there is another voice that high school students are supposed to start their campus life immediately after graduation from high schools. To be more specific, maintaining high-efficiency study can lead students to be better acclimated to their college life. Instead of going to college soon, a gap year may disrupt their study schedule and weaken their learning skills. It appears to be sensible, however; the ultimate goal of attending a university is to seek a decent job and gaining social experience in advance makes students more conscious of which kind of area they are more interested in in the near future such as the serving industry or high-tech fields.

In conclusion, high school graduates had better live a different life temporarily before they go to college.

写作参考二:

Gap year, a break between high school and college, has become a trend among many American and European students theses years. As the popularity of gap year has grown, so to has its appeal. Generally, it can be constructed (working in a company, taking time off to improve coding skills, learning a language, working on personal projects) or unconstructed (travelling, figuring out what to do as it comes). The idea of gap year has been strongly questioned by some nervous parents, however, some supporters contend that it will be a lifelong treasure which enables one to have the full command of his life. From my perspective, taking a year to work or travel before college brings about more advantages than shortcomings.

To begin with, a gap year helps guide students’ future education and life goals. Most of young students do not know exactly what they wanted to do once they left high school or even half way through college. Working or travelling a year will give them some “real world experience” as well as insight into their interests and strengths which will help them shape a path to a successful career. Once students learn a whole lot about themselves, they are likely to take full advantage of college. Take an Australian boy for an example. Enjoying his gap year in Nepal, he helps the locals in Pokhara to build their organic farms. He is so passionate about what he is doing now and he decided to pursue environmental science after he comes back to university. The internships and professional experience gained over the gap year will have much more influence on the development of one’s future than college.

In addition, taking a year off can refresh the tired-out high school graduates. In general, it will take at least ten years before jumping into the long and challenging years of university. There is no doubt that studious students will spare no effort to improve their academic performance with the expectation that they will receive offers from their dream schools. Under the competitive pressure of high school, they will not only prepare for exams such as SAT or ACT but also seek for voluntary opportunities to enrich their Curriculum Vitae. My younger sister used to travel to Cuba to volunteer with brown bears for three months. After that she went to Europe driving her Vespa across more than 20 cities. She said it was so different from school. She won’t have to attend a test at then end of the trimester, which means that there is no peer pressure or any pressure from outside. At the same time she can reorganize her mind which was full of chemical equations, historical events as well as verses from poems.

It is true that students who choose to drop a year are more likely to lose their study skills. During the gap year, there will be less chances for them to participate in actual classes in college. Without attending lectures given by famous professor and communicating face-to-face with classmates, the whole learning process will be incomplete. Many of study skills could not be developed and trained, which leads directly to the deprivation of both academic ability and motivation. However, it won’t be a potential problem nowadays because most of top universities offer MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses). Students can study random topics through free online classes. Although they don’t have any college credit, they learned a lot, met wonderful people, and keep their brains in shape for college.

Ultimately, the benefits of gap year far outweigh the only drawback because it can help exhausted students relax both mentally and physically and provide them with the opportunities to take a step back to focus on their goals, leading to a stronger sense of direction once they’re back in the classroom.!

写作参考三:

Under the educational system of many western countries, taking a gap year, a period of time when students can take a break from formal education, has become quite common. When it comes to the pros and cons of spending at least one year working or travelling before attending university, people’ preference may vary from one to another. As for me, it is advisable for high schoolers to have a year off to work or travel, in order to relax themselves and gain new skills.

In the first place, spending a year travelling will provide high school students a good chance to escape the daily grind. As is common sense, the life of high schooler are filled with countless assignments, various quiz and exams, which nearly drive them to be stressed out. Obviously, what they need most is the vent for releasing all the tensions and pressures accuring in the rapid rhythm campus life. Consequently, taking a break from educaion and going away for while can fulfill this function well. During the gap year, students can surf in Hawaii, wake boarding in Italy, go bungee jumping in New Zealand and enjoy the sunbath on the seashore of Miami. Such a short escape from the daily bustle and hustle will be conducive to their mental and physical wellbeing. Not only this, but travelling during a gap year can provide a renewed vigor for stuy and a more focused approach to learning.

In the second place, taking a year off to do some internship can help high school students acquire more new pratical skills and thus adapt to the university life more smoothly. Many gap year students choose to do voluntary work. This could include teaching in the mountains in Nepal, a conservation project in Madagascar, an expedition in Costa Rica or an internship in Japan. All these experiences of taking voluntary jobs during a gap year will provide you with much more than any classroom setting ever can. We can learn a lot in the classroom, but it isn't until we put it into practice in the real world that we really understand what's going on. To be specific, throughout school we are surrounded by the same folks at similar ages. However, while working in a company, we are bound to discover others, make new friends, and interact with people from all walks of life, which will defnitely hone our social skills. It is undoubted that people with strong interpersonal competence can enjoy great popularity among classmates and teachers.

In a nutshell, it is a wise move to spend at least one year travelling or working for the sake of taking a break from daily routine and acquire new skills.

托福考试作文独立写作范文：学校社团组织活动建议

The club of your school plan to help one of the following group of people, 1.teach pupils reading and math

2. build houses for those who cannot afford the house

3.take care of the old

题目大意：学校社团想要组织一下三个活动，教小学生阅读数学，为无家可归者建房子，照顾老人。建议选择照顾老人，因为可以培养孩子社会责任感和耐心，还可以帮助老人排遣孤独。

Agree or disagree: the university club wants to help others, if you are a member of them, which following would you prefer to choose? help young students in nearby primary school, help people to find new houses for rent; help old people for caring them in daily life.

范文参考一:

Life is loaded with various difficulties and hardship, especially for old people who are incapable of taking good care of themselves because of their poor physical quality. Therefore, among the three choices of helping young students in nearby primary school, helping people to find new houses for rent and assisting old people for caring them, I definitely choose the last one.

For one thing, because of being committed to their career, the middle-age can hardly take good care of their parents. To address a sequence of job assignments, city employees, the majority of whom have turned to the middle age, are required to be immersed in their career. Take ordinary citizens as examples. When it comes to businessmen, dealing with the complicated relationship with their counterparts or consumers will lead them to be shortage of time to accompany their families, given that all their time and energy are occupied. Speaking of policemen, to maintain stable social order and crack down on any happening or underlying crimes, they are supposed to be on duty at any time, making it impossible for them to care their families. And it is also an episode likely to be applied in the movie by the film maker that policemen are woking on the investigation and cannot keep promises they make for their families , impressing audiences again and again. As for the career of teachers, what they normally do is either to prepare for their presentations or remedy their students’ assignments. Apparently, the contemporary middle-age citizens cannot take good care of their parents and college students had better provide their help.

For another thing, the process of helping the old can cultivate college students’ sense of responsibility that matters in their future life and profession. Many more universities will, literally, decide whether to admit students by checking if there is any volunteering experience like taking care of the old in a nursing home in their application materials. In an era of both highly developed economy and technology, it tends to be easier for children to develop the unwanted behaviors and unhealthy values and world outlook. Nowadays, people can often hear the News about college students failing to graduate from schools because of their addiction to video games and many overseas students catching the affluenza which refers to wealthy people who like to show their richness by purchasing many unnecessary luxuries. Therefore, many young people’s ideology has been distorted seriously and it is urgent to call on their sense of responsibility. And taking good care of the old can teach them a lot. For instance, they will be conscious of the fact that there is still a vulnerable group that needs to be assisted and their contribution to the society can drive away the solitude of the old. Thus, they will increase their confidence in undertaking more social responsibilities.

Admittedly, some others may lay emphasis on the importance of helping the young since they are the future of a nation. From what I believe, it is hype since the education of young children does not count on the help from college students. As for the statement that college students should help others rent a house, that is ridiculous since there have been a wide range of choices for tenants among diverse Apps via the Internet. To conclude, helping the old can be of enormous benefits for both the old and the young.

写作参考二:

With the improvement of educational system, various student associations and clubs, which are meant to equip their members with practical skills, have become a great part of the campus life. Therefore, when it comes to which kinds of activities these clubs should organize, teaching pupils maths, building houses for the homeless, or helping the old, people may tend to hold different notions. As for me, attending to the senior would be the best choice, for the following reasons.

First of all, looking after old people can help students to cultivate a sense of social responsibility and patience. As we know, one defining character of young adults is that they are generally too immature to understand what social responsibility is. It is not uncommon to observe that some teenagers are inclined to destroy the public properties on purpose, or even worse, they may tease or make jokes at the older people without any respect, all of which are irresponsible behaviours. Such conducts can be corrected once the sense of duty takes root in their mind by helping the old. Obviously, in the course of taking care of old people, students will be informed of the contribution made by the old generation to the development of the whole society, thus realizing their social obligation. Plus, the trivial things such as making meals, cleaning the room and so on are involved in the process of helping the old, which cannot be done without patience.

In the second place, accompanying the old can help them to kill the boring time and relieve their loneliness. With the aging of population becoming more serious, the number of old people has been increasing in an appalling rate. Meanwhile, the facilities and places serving as entertainment for the old is deficient now. As a result, the senior now are leading a quite lonely and monotonous life so that company from others are in desperate need for them. Recently, according to a report published by China Daily, some old people were found dying after they have passed away for a dozen of days, which can clearly reflect the acutal situation of the grey. Thus, company from students can make old people keep a good mood and live a more cheerful life.

Adimttedly, some opponents may argue that tutoring the primary students can improve the academic performance of pupils and building house for the homeless can provide them a shelter. However, this not the case in reality. As for tutoring, students are not professional enough to impart knowledge to little kids efficiently so that this practice may waste time of both sides. As for building house, there are some potential safety hazzards which may make students get hurt. Therefore, I am still convinced that helping the old is the most appropriate choice for students club.

写作参考三:

Student clubs, from the first day they came into being, have been encouraged and supported by universities throughout the world. With the aim of enriching the social, practical and academic experiences, they have also gained popularity among both parents and students. Usually, the club activities should be feasible and beneficial to students in one way or another. Therefore, compared with tutoring primary school students and dealing with daily tasks for the old, I think building houses is a project that will yield tangible results.

First, by designing and constructing a building, the students themselves will learn to transfer their academic knowledge to practice. It has been widely acknowledged that the purpose of education is to cultivate talents for society, the ones who are able to contribute to our better quality of life. University students have spent at least twelve years accumulating knowledge, and it’s time for them to show the society what they have mastered. Building a house requires knowledge of various aspects, from architectural design to construction engineering, from interior design to the arrangement of the entire landscape, all of which can only be accomplished with the joint effort by students of different majors. During the whole process, the club members will not only polish their professional skills, but also learn how to cooperate with others in a team. In this regard, assisting the old in their daily chores seems a little trivial and time-consuming, since nothing except a slight sense of achievement will be gained from this project.

Second, offering instructions in reading and mathematics to those younger school age children is by no means an easy job for university students. Do not assume that those future social elites are capable of teaching kids. As we know, children usually lack the ability of self-control and they need to be inspired, which means strict rules and proper methods are indispensable in carrying out efficient tutoring. Primary teachers, although not so adept at academic theories, are definitely experienced in stimulating children’s interest and steering their thinking. Anyone without the training had better not to make an attempt, since if they accidentally distinguish the children’s passion in learning, the result could be irreversible. However, there is no doubt that university students have the ability to build a sound and comfortable house for the ones in need. Therefore, they should do what they are good at.

To sum up, since club activities should aim at improving students’ ability instead of causing troubles, it is better for students to design and construct a building for the underprivileged.

托福写作

篇7：如何提升托福写作句子多样性

如何提升托福写作句子多样性?把握好这几点

一.变换主语改变表达句式

例1：她按时到校上学。动态句：She attends school regularly.静态句：Her attendance at school is regular.例2：他拥有一所房子。动态句：He possesses a house.静态句：He is in possession of a house.技巧小结：中文习惯动词占优势，但是英语里面静态词汇(名词、介词、副词、形容词等)占优势。所以在写作时同学们应该考虑英语句子静态特征的表达。

二.用抽象名词做主语

例3：她的朴素衣着使他显得更美。具体句：Her simple dress adds to her beauty.抽象句：The simplicity of her dress adds to her beauty.例4：温暖的房间使我昏昏欲睡。具体句：The warm room made me sleepy.抽象句：The warmth of the room made me sleepy.技巧小结：中文表达重具体，英文表达重抽象。

三.主被动变换

例5: 我永远忘不了这个教训。人称主语：I will neverforget the lesson.物称主语：The lesson will be rooted in my memory forever.例6: 不同的团队成员对工作有不同的态度。人称主语：Different team members have different attitudes towards work.物称主语：Attitudes towards work vary from person to person.技巧小结：英语主语常用人称和物称两种形式表达。物称主语注重“什么事发生在什么人身上”，人称主语侧重“什么人怎么样”。

It is / was + 被强调的某个句子成分+ that / who + 句子。强调句型可以用来强调句子中除了谓语之外的成分，起到比较明显的加强语气的作用，比如：I went to the Palace Museum in 1997.这个句子如果强调时间，就可以变为：It was in 1997 that I went to the Palace Museum.如果直接运用，句子也没有显得特别出彩，如果同学们可以用强调句型和其它从句一起使用，就会起来比较好提升作用：比如我们探讨“人口老龄化”的问题，想表达“老龄化日益严重的问题让全球的政府都很担扰”，可以写为：It is the fact that the population aging problem is getting more and more prevalent that makes all the governments concern all over the world.上面句子里面的the population aging problem is getting more and more prevalent是fact的同位语从句。

托福写作句式多样化需要大家掌握同义句的不同句式表达方式，并且能在写作中运用出来，比如前面用主动式，后面可以换成被动式，前面用人做主语，后面可以用抽象名词做主语等等，灵活运用不同句式去写托福作文，对于写作分数提升肯定会有帮助。

托福写作：题库范文附思路解析

1. Land for human needs or endangered animals Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

『分析』选择不同意更好写一些。列举两三个保护endangered animals的重要性。同时不要忘了说明人类也确实需要更多的土地。只不过不能只顾眼前利益(short term benefits)而已。

『范文』 When making decisions about land use, some say that human needs should come before animal needs in every case. While I agree that human needs should have primary consideration, humans have a special responsibility to protect the land that endangered animals call home. Animals adapt very slowly to sudden changes in their environments. Many endangered animals can only live in one place, or in a specific type of place. Humans, on the other hand, have a special ability to adapt quickly to changing and hostile environments. For instance, if humans need to live in a very dry environment they can use technology to locate and drill for water, or build pipelines to bring in water from outside. Thousands of years ago the residents of Xinjiang province dug underground tunnels hundreds of kilometers long to carry water to oasis towns like Turpan. Because humans are thus flexible while many animals are not, humans should make an effort to use up all available space before encroaching upon the habitats of endangered animals. One of the important reasons to protect endangered animals is that the delicate ecological balance of an area might be irreparably harmed by their extinction. For example, if humans chop down forests and use the land to grow corn, they might simultaneously destroy the habitats of a kind of bird that eats locusts. The next year because the locust population can grow unchecked, locusts might destroy the entire nearby corn crop. Not only do the birds lose their homes, but humans are also harmed. The ecological balance of many natural habitats is still not well understood and humans interfere in it at their peril. Finally, humans have much to learn from endangered species. One example is in the field of medicine. By observing a particular species of endangered monkeys in South America, scientists have discovered that monkeys eat a certain kind of plant when they get sick. Through research the scientists discovered that this plant also has medicinal value for humans. If the monkey's habitat had been destroyed to create more farmland, not only would we lose the plants and the monkeys, we would also lose life-saving medicines and the potential for medical research.

2. One skill needed to be successful in the world today What is a very important skill a person should learn in order to be successful in the world today? Choose one skill and use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. 参见：[15]。也可以用[27]作为答案。

『范文』 People succeed not merely because they have one or more certain skills. However, if I have to choose one skill which is supposed to be useful to success, I think it should be the ability to convince or persuade others. By convincing or persuading we get what we want from others. When we were children, we always managed to persuade our parents to buy us candies; when we were in the high school, we had to persuade our classmates to play with us; when we applied for a job after graduation, we had better be able to successfully convince the employer that we are qualified employees. Besides, some day, we will all have to convince a person whom we love that we are in deed outstanding husbands or excellent wives. By convincing or persuading we become more and more sturdy and powerful. Nobody is capable of doing every thing perfect. By persuading others to cooperate with us, we can achieve much more than we could only by ourselves. Mr. Yu Minhong, CEO of Beijing New Oriental Education & Technology Group, had successfully convinced his alumni including Mr. Wang Qiang and Mr. Xu Xiaoping to strive after an ideal—to build a most influential private university in China, and today, they have been so close. Mr. Yu, while answering a journalist, said that he once persuaded Chinese students to go abroad, his current work is to convince those students to return to their homeland with their enhanced intelligences. Ironically, it is ourselves who need us to persuade and convince most. We by nature are weak, yet have to be stronger to face up to tough surroundings. All too often we need encouraging. Amazingly enough, it is ourselves who can in deed encourage. When we are in trouble, we need convince ourselves not to give up, when we are in plain sailing, we need persuade ourselves no to be negligent. By convincing ourselves, we become more and more independent, and more and more robust, both of which are characteristics essential to success.

3. The attractions of dangerous activities Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

『分析』罗列出三个理由，比如：金钱快乐无知参见：[1]

『范文』 People engage themselves in dangerous activities for various reasons, which probably includes money, pleasure, and perhaps ironically, nescience. Perhaps the most direct drive might come from money, which is needed for everyone, any time and everywhere. People have enough wit to balance their certain choices, especially when they fa danger and money. Those stunt men or women in Hollywood movies, photographers who shoot sharks or crocodiles, or those who participate in stock car racing, are always sophisticated enough calculate whether the outcome overweigh the risk. If they are willing to take the risk, they must have evaluated well. They know exactly the rule: the more risks they take, the more they might get. There also is another kind of people in this world. Money is of almost no importance to them They perform dangerous activities just for their own pleasure. Perhaps the most appropriate example involves sports. Actually every kind of sports is dangerous, and even can be deadly. Danger always exists, but people tend to simply ignore it. Take parachuting for example, who can refuse the fascination of flying in the sky like a bird? On the other hand, it seems that danger itself makes the activity so fascinating as too hard to refuse. To conquer is the very nature of human being from the very beginning. Pheidippides said seconds before dropping dead two thousand years ago, “Rejoice,] we conquer!” And it seems perfectly logical for some people that celebration follows conquer. Ironically, sometimes blind brave comes out of nescience. Sometimes people simply don't know the activity is hazardous or how perilous it exactly is. It can be exemplified by a recent incident. Five students (three of them have a master's degree) lost their lives in a mountaineering expedition. Those students reportedly didn't, and it seems highly probable, make an adequate preparation before expedition, which made the tragedy ineluctable. People always praise alpinists with words such as strong, brave, courageous, but in this case none of these words is appropriate Those young students traded their springtime with blind brave, and died in vain.

4. Do you travel alone or with a companion? Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

『分析』分别讨论两种方式的优缺点(relative merits)，然后说，具体的选择要视情况而定。相关题目：[111]

『范文』 The biggest inconveniences of traveling are high expenses and safety concerns. Traveling with a companion may solve both of these problems and at the same time adds to the enjoyment of the trip. Part of the joy of traveling is the sense of discovery felt when seeing a completely new place. Traveling with someone else compounds that sense of wonder. When you see or experience something new you can share it with your travel companion. Likewise, when you are traveling with someone else you get the benefit of another pair of eyes and ears, and you are more likely to notice interesting things when you are not traveling alone. When I was hiking in Yunnan province with a friend, she spied a frog sitting by the edge of the trail. Had my friend not been there, I would not have seen it, and missed part of the natural beauty of Yunnan. Traveling companions not only enrich the experience of travel, but also make it safer. According to police statistics thieves, rapists, and murderers are all much more likely to target a single person walking alone than to target a group of two or more people. To save money, a person traveling alone might sleep in a dorm room. Apart from the noise and inconvenience of sharing a room with a large number of strangers, travelers also have to be constantly vigilant to prevent other people from stealing your belongings. When traveling with a companion you can take turns watching each other's valuables on trains, restaurants, parks, and other public places frequented by tourists. Finally, traveling with a companion is also cheaper than traveling alone. A hotel room for one person might cost 100 yuan, while a room for two at the same hotel might cost 120 yuan. If you have a companion you can each spend 60 yuan per night, rather than both spending 100 yuan if you traveled separately. It is also cheaper to eat in restaurants and you get to sample more kinds of food when two people order. When bargaining for souvenirs, each person can save a little money if you offer to buy more than one. Traveling with a companion can easily cut your travel expenses in half, while doubling the fun of trip.

5. Which kind of life do you like, get up early or get up late? Some people prefer to get up early in the morning and start the day's work. Others prefer to get up later in the day and work until late at night. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice

. 『分析』这是个非常私人的问题。尽管很多人都喜欢睡懒觉，但是“早起的好处”应该更容易写一些。有益于健康，可以去锻炼身体。早上大脑经过休息，相对更加清醒，适合学习。

『范文』 When I was a kid and didn't want to go to bed early, my father always used to say, “The early bird gets the worm.” I certainly knew what he meant: people who stay up late at night aren't able to get up early and take full advantage of the new day's opportunities. I'm not sure how wise I am, but I can certainly feel that getting a good night's sleep and an early start help's me do a full days work. I However, every job or task always has unforeseen problems and complications. A trip to the] post office seems simple enough, but could be complicated and lengthened by heavy traffic, forgetting to bring money or addresses, or long lines. When I need to do many things in a day, a| delay at the post office can negatively affect all of my other tasks. To minimize these potential negative effects, I try and get an early start that leaves me plenty of time later in the day to finish my other tasks. Another important reason to get up before 8:00 a.m. is that businesses usually start their workdays by 9:00 a.m. at the latest. A person who wakes up at 10:00 a.m. has already lost two precious business hours. This gives them less time to go to the bank, the post office, or deal with any company or government office that keeps regular business hours. People who get up early have the extra benefit of all of the hours of a full business day during which they can be more productive than they can during non-business hours. Finally, getting up early and going to sleep early is a fairly standard schedule to which most of society adheres. If I adhere to it as well, I will have more time to spend with my family and friends. If I get up late and stay up late, I will not only lose opportunities to interact with others during business hours, I will also lose chances to interact with people because they are asleep! This would, be all right if I were a hermit, but since I enjoy the company of others, I prefer to be an “early bird.”

★托福写作速度提升攻略

★托福写作赏析

★托福写作句型

★托福写作整合

★托福写作高分

★英语语法之托福写作

★托福写作提分点

★托福独立写作高分

★托福写作：1125托福独立写作

★托福议论文写作概论

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